预测卷2

We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money, but most mistakes are about people. "Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen?" "When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend? Or did he envy my luck?" "And Paul-why didn't I pick up that he was friendly just because I had a car?" When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad But when we look back, it's too late.Why do we go wrong about our friends or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we don't really listen, we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, "You're a lucky dog. " Is he really on your side? If he says, "You're a lucky guy. " or "You're a lucky gal. ", that's being friendly. But "1ucky dog"? There's a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he doesn't see it himself. But bringing in the "dog" hit puts you down a little. What he maybe saying is that he doesn't think you deserve your luck."Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for" is another noise that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he? Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn't important. It's telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven't got a date for Saturday night.How can you tell the real meaning behind someone's words? One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks? Does what he says square with the tone of voice? His posture? The look in his eyes? Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.)1. When the writer recalls the things that happened between him and his friends, heA. feels happy, thinking of how nice his friends were to himB. feels he may not have "read" his friends' true feelings correctlyC. thinks it was a mistake to view Jim as a friendD. is sorry that his friends let him down)2. By saying "You're a lucky dog. " the speaker _A. is just being friendlyR expresses the same meaning as "You're a lucky guy. " or "You're a lucky gal. "C. is humorous to apply the word "dog" to peopleD. has a hidden jealous feeling behind the words)3. In listening to a person, the important thing is _A. to notice his tone, his posture, and the look in his eyeB. to listen to how he pronounces his wordsc. to check his words against his manner, his tone of voice, and his postureD. not to believe what he says)4. If.you followed the advice of the writer, you would _ .A. weigh carefully what people say to determine their real meaningB. get along well with peopleC. trust what other people say 'D. have no doubts about our friends)5. This passage tries to tell you how to _ .A avoid mistakes about both money and peopleR say things elegantlyC. avoid mistakes in understanding what people tell youD. keep people friendly without trusting themQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:One of the most fascinating things about television is the size of the audience.A novel can be on the "best sellers" list with a sale of fewer than 100,000 copies but popular TV show might have 70 nullion viewers. TV can make anything or anyone well-known overnight (一夜之间).This is the principle(法则) behind "quiz" or "game" shows, which put ordinary people on TV to play a game for prizes and money. A quiz show can make anyone a star, and it can give away thousands of dollars just for fun But all of this money can create problems. For instance, in the 1950s, quiz shows were very popular in the U. S and almost everyone watched them Charles V an Doren, an English instructor, became rich and famous after winning money on several shows. He even had a career as a television personality(人物,名人). But one of the losers proved that Van Doren was cheating. It turned out that the show's producers who were pulling the strings, gave the answers to the most popular contestants(竞争者) before hand. Why? Because if the audience didn't like the person who won the game, they turned the show off. The result of this cheating was a huge scandal (丑闻). Based on this story, a movie under the title "Quiz show" is on 40 years later.Van Doren is no longer involved with TV. But game shows are still here, though they aren't taken as seriously. In fact, some of them try to be as ridiculous(荒唐) as possible. There are shows that send strangers on vacation trips together, those try to cause newlymarried couples to fight on TV, or those punish posers by humiliating(羞辱) them.The entertainment now is to see what people will do just to be on TV. People still win money, but the real prize is to be in front of an audience of millions( )6. The sale of novel is talked about Ln comparison with .A. the size of TV R the number of TV viewersC. the sale of "best sellers"D. the number of TV audiences( )7. In Charles quiz scandal, who, according to the passage, is to be blamed most?A. One of the losers. R 'rhe producers.C. Charles Van Doren himself.D. His audience.( )8. Charles V an Doren was mentioned in order to prove thatA. a quiz show could make anyone a starB. game shows cheat audiencesC. the cheating of his quiz show results in a huge scandalD. he became rich after winning money on several shows( ) 9. In the last paragraph, the word "seriously" can most probably be replaced byA. importantly .B. honestlyC. differentlyD. formally( )10. The writer looks upon game shows on TVA. pleasantly R hopefully C. seriously D. criticallyQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:Designing a lens can be compared to playing chess. In chess a player tries to trap his opponent's king in a series of moves. In creating a lens designer attempts to "trap" light by forcing all the rays arising from a single point in the subject to focus on a single point in the image, as a consequence of their passing through a series of transparent(逶明的) elements with precisely curved surfaces. Since in both cases the ultimate goal and the means bywhich it can be attained are known, one is tempted to think there will be a single best decision at any point along the way. Thenumber of possible consequences flowing from any one decision is so large, however, as to be virtually,if not actually, infinite Therefore in lens design, as in chess, perfect solutions to a problem are beyond reach. Although this article will be concerned only with the design of photographic lenses, the same principles apply to all lenses.The lens designer has one enormous advantage over the chess player: the designer is free to call on any available source of help to guide him through the staggering number of possibilities. Most of that help once came from mathematics and physics, but recently computer technology, information theory, chemistry, industrial engineering and psychophysics have all contributed to making the lens designer's job immeasurably more productive. Some of the lenses on the market today were inconceivable a decade ago. Others whose design is as much as a century old can now be mass produced at low cost. With the development of automatic production methods, lenses are made by the millions, both out of glass and out of plastics. Today's lenses are better than the best lenses used by the great photographers of the past. Moreover, their price may lower, in spite of the fact that 19th century craftsmen worked for only a few dollars a week and today's lenses are more complex The lens designer cannot fail to be grateful for the science and technology that have made his work easier and his creations more widely available, but he is also humbled: it is no longer practical for a fine photographic lens to be designed from beginning to end by a single human mind.( )11. Lens design and chess playing are similar in that .A. the final goal and the means by which it can be reached are knownB. perfect solutions to a problem can be foundC. any one decision at any point along the way to the goal can bring numerous possible resultsD. both A and C( )12. The final goal of designing a lens is _ .A. to trap the opponent's lensesB. to focus light with lensesC. to make lenses at low costD. to reflect light by means of curved surfaces( )13. After the passage the author will talk about.A. the principles of designing lensesB. techniques of making contact lensesC. the design of photographic lensesD. styles of lenses)14. Which of the following words cannot be used to describe today's lenses?A. More delicateB. Cheaper.C. Numerous.D. Unpopular.)15. Lens designers today _ .A. have a large source of help to fall back onB. receive a low salaryC. are less respectable than those of the pastD. are not decisive in the lens designQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage :PartI starts with a brief introductory chapter and then takes up Style and Organization,covering them in that order because skill or lack of skill in style affects all writing, while much technical writing is so short as to offer no problems of organization These chapters are followed by one on Mechanics, covering matters of form that are peculiar to technical writing or else crop up in it with abnormal frequency.The chapter on Special Problems, which follows, performs a dual function. It provides writing assignments that may be used while the study of style, organization,and mechanics is still under way, and it explains ways of handling certain problems that may arise during the writing of reports, proposals, and other longer forms. We have also expanded the treatment of techrucal articles, recognizing the potential contribution of article writing to the career of the writer and the value of the article to science and technology.In Part II , a change of emphasis at one point is reflected in the new title for Chapter 8, Nonformal Reports-Their Variation in Form and Purpose, which was formerly called Special Types of Reports. Though certain special types of reports are still discussed, additional emphasis is given to the fact that there does not exist any universally accepted set of types, under which all reports can be classifiedTwo other extensive changes have been made in Part II. The chapter on Proposals, which first appeared in the second edition, has been rewritten and substantially expanded so as to cover that important subject more thoroughly. Also, an entirely new chapter, Oral Presentation of Technical Information, has been added. Though a study of this chapter is no substitute for trairung in public speaking, we believe that its recommendations can nevertheless be of substantial assistance to those who use this book on the numerous occasions when they will be called upon to present their ideas in person before a small group or a large audience.( )16. The passage is most probably a preface to .A. a technical writing handbookB. a handbook on compositionC. a book on a literary writingD. a scientific paper)17. In part I, the writer arranges the chapters in the order ofA. Introduction-Organization-Special Problems-Style-Nonformal ReportsB. Introduction-Style-Organization-Special Types of Reports-MechanicsC. Introduction-Style-Organization-Mechanics-Special ProblemsD. Introduction-Style-Proposals-Special Problems-Mechanics)18. You can find some writing exercises in _ .A. the chapter on OrganizationB. the chapter on StyleC. the chapter on Special ProblemsD. the chapter on Proposals)19. According to the passage, the chapter on Oral Presentation of Technical Information appears in of the book.A. Part I of the first editionB. Part Ⅱof the second editionC. Part I of the second editionD. Part II of the third edition)20. Which of the following is not true of Part Ⅱof the new edition?A. There isn't the chapter on Special Types of Reports.B. The chapter on Oral Presentation of Technical Information is rewritten and expanded.C. The chapter on Proposals is a revised chapter.D. There is a change of the title of Chapter 8.Part ⅡV ocabulary and Structure (共40小题,每题1分,共40分)Directions: In this part there are forty incomplete sentences. Each sentence is followed by four choices. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and then mark your answer on the answer sheet.)21. allow the vegetable to go bad, he sold them at half price.A. More thanB. Rather thanC. Other thanD. Better than( )22. Today, housework has been made much easier by electricalA. facilitiesB. appliancesC. instrumentsD. equipment( )23. He _ _ him what he asked.A. deniedB. refutedC. ignoredD. deprived( )24. The book does not childrenA. submit toB. appeal to C confess to D. consent to ( )25. We have every size of shoe in .A. storingB. stockC. saleD. shop( )26. I _ this man with receiving stolen goods.A. accuseB. chargeC. scoldD. blame)27. You've made a mistake-you've _ the word.A. left out B left offC. left behindD. left for)28. Scientists first _ the idea of the atomic bomb in the 1930s.A. competedB. conceivedC. consumedD. concealed)29. You may take an oral or written exam _ what you prefer.A. according asB. according toC. accordinglyD. in accord)30. The desks and seats can be _ . to the height of any childA. adoptedB. shiftedC. adjustedD. corrected)31. No further discussion , the meeting was brought to a close.A. arisingB.raisingC. arousingD. rising)32. - , the British working class is better off today than it was a generation ago.A. By and largeB. In detailC. By no meansD. By and by)33. Every man has the right to live where he wants to, the colour of his skinA. regardless of B prior toC. in case ofD. for the sake of)34. The potato crop of 1946 was that of 1945.A. superior thanB. superior toC. more superior toD. more superior than)35. Books are to scholars.A. indispensableB. indifferentC. bound toD. accustomed to)36. such a difficult task, we must redouble our efforts.A. To face withB. We are facingC. Faced withD. Facing with)37. Either of these young ladies _ perfectly qualified to teach Greek, Latinand French.A. wereB. areC. isD. have been)38. Your hair needed _;I am glad you had it cut.A cut B. cutting C. to cut D. being cut ( )39. Studying hard is more rewarding _ .A. than to be lazyB. than being lazyC. than to be like a lazy personD. than it is to be lazy( )40. The Latin class had twenty students, _ had had much better language training than I.A. most of whichB. whichC. most of themD. most of whom( )41. I wish that he to the movies with me yesterday.A. wentB. could goC. was goneD. could have gone( )42. , the more necessary it is to break it up into a number of parts which the reader can visualize.A. The more complex a subject becomesB. The more becomes a subject complexC. A subject becomes the more complexD. The more subjects become essential( )43. Close the door,_ ?A. will youB. do youC. shall youD. don't you( )44. at the railway station when it began to rainA. Hardly had he arrivedB. Hardly he had arrivedC. No sooner did he arriveD. No sooner arrived he( )45. The storm _, they had to live in a cave.A. has destroyed their hut B to destroy their hutC. having destroyed their hutD. being destroyed( )46. the number of paid holidays enjoyed by most employees in thecompany, three weeks of vacation seems generous.A. Compared withB. ComparedC. Comparing with .D. Comparing( )47. It was going to be some time he would see his father again.A. sinceB. whenC. untilD. before( )48. He is younger than .A. any other boy in the classB. any boy in the classC. all boys in the classD. you and me as well as the class( )49. The establishment of the company shall start from the day _ the business license of the company is issuedA. which R in which C. on which D. whenever( )50. You _ me because I didn't say that.A. must misunderstandB. must be misunderstandingC. must have misunderstoodD. had to misunderstand)51. He always dreams of a chance for him to bring into full play his potential.A there being B. there to heC. thereis .D. being( )52. You should keep an eye _ the slightest changes in the patient while thedoctor is away.A. for B on C. to D. about( )53. is still a controversial issue.A. If he is the right person for the jobB. That he is the right person for the jobC. Whether he is the right person for the jobD. He is the right person for the job( )54. He has won the first place, . _ is clear from the expressions on his face.A. that R as C. what D. when( )55. His response was that he didn't say yes and he didn't say no.A. so B what . C. when D. such( )56. It's time for us to the traditional Chinese architectureA. preserve R reserveC. conserveD. deserve( )57. I'm afraid taking a part-time job might _ my time for study.A. cut offB. cut intoc. cut down D. cut away( )58. The innocent young man was _ of robbing the bank.A sentenced R charged C. accused D. punished( )59. People should behave on such a solemn occasion.A. respectedlyB. respectfullyC. respectinglyD. respectively( )60. After second thought, she _ a better solution.A. came up withB. added up toc. put up with D. made up forPart ⅢClose(共20小题,每题1分,共20分)Directions: There are twenty blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices. Choose the one that best fits into the passage and then mark answer on the answer sheet.From childhood to old age, we all use language as a means of broadening our knowledge of ourselves and the world about us. When humans first 61 , they were like newborn children, unable to use this 62 tool. Yet once language developed, the possibilities for human kind's future 63 and cultural growth increased.Many linguists believe that evolution is 64 for our ability to produce and uselanguage. They 65 that our highly evolved brain provides us 66 an innate language ability not found in lower 67 .' Proponents of this innateness theory say that our 68 for language is inborn, but that language itself develops gradually, 69 a function of the growth of the brain during childhood Therefore there are critical 70 times for language development.Current 71 . of innateness theory are mixed, however, evidence supporting the existence of some innate abilities is undeniable. 72 , more and more schools are discovering that foreign languages are best taught in 73 grades. Young children often can learn several languages by being 74 to them, while adults have a much harder time learning another language once the _ 75 0f their first language have become firmly fixed76 some. aspects of language are undeniably innate, language does not develop automatically in a vacuum Children who have been 77 from other human beings do not possess language This demonstrates that 78 with other human beings is necessary for proper language development. Some linguists believe that this is even more basic to human language 79 than anyinnate capacities.These theorists view language as imitative, learned behavior. 80 , children learn language from their parents by imitating them. Parents gradually shape their child's lang uage skills by positively reinforcing precise imitations and negatively reinforcing imprecise ones.( )61. A. generated B evolved C. born D. originated( )62. A. valuable R appropriate C convenient D. favorite( )63. A. attainments R feasibility C entertainments D. evolution( )64. A essential R available C. reliable D. responsible( )65. A. confirm B inform C. claim D. convince( )66. A. for B from C. of D. with( )67. A. organizations B organisms C. humans D. children( )68. A. potential R performance C. preference D. passion( )69. A. as B just as C. like D. unlike( )70. A. ideological B. biological C. social D. psychological( )71. A. reviews R reference C reaction D. recommendation ()72.A.In a word B In a sense C.Indeed D.In other words()73.A.various B.different C.the higher D.the lower()74. A. revealed B exposed C.engaged D.involved()75. A. regulations B formations C.rules D.constitutions()76.A.Although B Whether C Since D.When()77. A. distinguished B different C protected n isolated()78.A.exposition parison C contrast D.interaction()79.A.acquisition B.appreciation C requirement D.alternative()80.A.As a result B After all C In other words D.Above all第Ⅱ卷（共50分）注意事项：1．答第Ⅱ卷前，考生务必将密封线内的各项目填写清楚。