考研：英语复习之基础词汇必备篇_毙考题

19考研er：英语复习之基础词汇必备篇摘要：广大考研er在备考时，英语单词背了忘，忘了背，做题或阅读文章时感觉似曾相识却无法通读文章大意，单词成为英语学习中的老大难。

今天帮帮为大家整理了考研英语中的基础必考词汇，希望对大家有所帮助~►staten. 状态；情况；州；国家v. 陈述；说明；规定【真题例句】1）The current state of affairs may have been encouraged -- though not justified -- by the lack of legal penalty (in America, but not Europe) for data leakage. （2007-text 4）译文：由于（在美国，而不是欧洲）缺乏对数据泄露的法律制裁，因此可能会助长这一事态的形成，尽管这一点还未得到证实。

2）As a condition of receiving state approval for the sale, the company agreed to seek permission from state regulators to operate past 2012. （2012-text 2）译文：作为获得州销售许可的条件，该公司同意在2012年后经州监管部门批准后再继续运营。

►flawn. 瑕疵；裂纹；缺点v. 使破裂；使有缺陷【真题例句】1）The most glaring flaw of the social cure as it s presented here is that it doesn t work very well for very long.（2012-text1）译文：正如这里所显示的，社会治疗最明显的缺陷是它不能持久地良好运行。

► impactn. 影响；碰撞；撞击v. 撞击；碰撞；冲击【真题例句】1）Though several fast-fashion campanies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment -- including H M, with its green Conscious Collection Line -- Cline believes lasting change can only be effected by the customer. （2013-text 1）译文：尽管多家快时尚公司已经在尽力控制其对劳动力和环境的影响（例如H M推出了环保意识系列服装生产线），但克莱因认为，长期的改变只能通过消费者来实现。

► aliveadj. 活着的；有生气的；活跃的【真题例句】1）If the trade unionist Jimmy Hoffa were alive today, he would probably represent civil servant.（2012-text 4）译文：如果工会主义者吉米霍法如今仍然在世，他可能会代表公务员。

► federaladj. 联邦的【真题例句】1）In Arizona V. United States, the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizona s controversial plan to have state and local police enforce federal immigration law.（2013-text 4）译文：在亚利桑那州和美国政府的对决中，亚利桑那州提出了一项充满争议的方案，即让州警察和地方警察执行联邦移民法。

方案里有四项有争议的条款，其中三项被多数票否决。

► markn. 痕迹；记号；符号；分数v. 做标记；指出；标明【真题例句】1）America s new plan to buy up toxic assets will not work unless banks mark assets to levels which buyers find attractive.（2010-text4）译文：美国收购不良资产的新计划不会起作用，除非银行将资产售价定到足够吸引买家的水平上。

► stressn. 压力；强调；重点；着重v. 强调；着重【真题例句】1）They should know how to deal with setbacks, stresses and feelings of inadequacy. （2007新题型）译文：他们（孩子）应该知道如何应对挫折、压力和无法胜任的感觉。

2）Because representative government presupposes an informed citizenry, the report supports full literacy; stresses the study of history and government, particularly American history and American government; and encourages the use of new digital technologies. （2014-text4）译文：由于代表制政府是以公民有知识为前提，该报告支持全民读书写字；强调对历史和政体的研究（尤其是美国历史和美国政体）；鼓励应用新兴数字技术。

► courtn. 法院；法庭【真题例句】1）On a five to three vote, the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona s immigration law Monday -- a modest policy victory for the Obama Administration.（2013-text 4）译文：美国联邦最高法院周一以5:3的投票结果否决了亚利桑那州移民法的大部分内容。

对奥巴马政府而言，这是它在政策方面取得的一次小胜。

► officialadj. 官方的；法定的n. 官员；行政人员【真题例句】1）But in her new book Join the Club, Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the world.（2012-text 1）译文：但是，在其新书《加入俱乐部》中，蒂娜罗森博格主张，通过社会治愈，同辈压力也能成为一种积极的力量。

她所谓的社会治愈是指机构和官员运用群体力量来帮助个体改善他们的生活，乃至整个世界。

► considerv. 认为；把看做；考虑；体谅；照顾【真题例句】1）Rather than concluding that children make parents either happy or miserable, Senior suggests we need to redefine happiness: instead of thinking of it as something that can be measured by moment-to-moment joy, we should consider being happy as a past-tense condition.（2011-text4）译文：西尼尔没有对孩子到底让父母快乐还是痛苦这一问题下结论，而是建议我们需要重新定义幸福：幸福不能以时时刻刻的快乐来衡量，相反，我们应该把幸福视为一种过去式的状态。

► subjectn. 主题；题目；科目；学科v. 使遭受；使服从；使隶属adj. 受支配的；服从于的【真题例句】1）At the very least, the court should make itself subjet to the code of conduct that applies to the rest of the federal judiciary. （2012完型）译文：至少，法院应该遵守适用于联邦司法系统其他部门的行为准则。

► consumern. 顾客；消费者【真题例句】1）These labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable -- meant to last only a wash or two, although they don t advertise that -- and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks.（2013-text 1）译文：这些品牌鼓励有时尚意识的消费者将衣服看作一次性商品，洗一两水后就不能再穿了（虽然他们并没有宣传），还鼓励他们每过几周就更新他们衣橱。

► essayn. 论文；杂文；散文【真题例句】1）Unfortunately, these critics are virtually forgotten. Neville Cardus, who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket.（2012-text 1）译文：遗憾的是，这些评论家几乎都被遗忘了。

内维尔卡达斯从1917年至1975年去世前不久一直在为《曼彻斯特卫报》写评论，但如今的人们只知道他会写有关板球比赛的文章。

► matterv. 要紧；有关系；有影响n. 物质；材料【真题例句】1）Anyone who has toiled through SAT will testify that test-taking skill also matters, whether it s knowing when to guess or what questions to skip.（2007-text2）译文：任何一个为SAT而奋战过的人都可以证实，考试技巧也很重要，比如要知道什么时候靠猜测，哪些问题要跳过。