小学英语一般疑问句讲义

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小五英语个性化辅导

第二讲一般疑问句

【知识点:】一般疑问句概述用Yes或No作答的疑问句叫一般疑问句。其

基本结构为:be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/表语+(其他) 。一般疑问句还有下列特点:

1、以be动词、助动词或情态动词开头;

Eg::Is your father a teacher

Does Catherine like animals

Can Jenny speak French

2、往往读升调;

3、译成汉语,都可以带上“吗”,例如上面三句可分别译为:你父亲是老师吗凯瑟琳喜欢动物吗詹妮会说法语吗

【重点】

一、将陈述句变成一般疑问句

要将陈述句变成一般疑问句,可以遵循下列步骤:

1.看句中有没有be动词(am、is、 are、 was、 were)、助动词(do、does、did、

have、 had)或情态动词(can、must、will、may等),如果有,将其提到句首,句末打上问号可。

eg:It was rainy yesterday.

→Was it rainy yesterday

Tom's father can play the piano.

→Can Tom's father play the piano

I have finished my homework.

→Have you finished your homework

2.如果句中没有be动词、助动词或情态动词,则根据谓语动词的形式借助do

的相应形式放在句首。具体方法是:如果谓语动词是原形,则借do;如果谓语动词是一般现在时第三人称单数形式,则借does;如果谓语动词是过去式,则借did. 需要注意的是,借does或did后,原句的谓语动词要变回原形。

例:They go to school by bike.

→Do they go to school by bike

Bill gets up at 6:30 every day.

→Does bill gets up at 6:30 every day

The students saw a film yesterday.

→Did the students see a film yesterday

二、一般疑问句的回答

一般疑问句往往采用简短回答,共由三部分(三个单词)组成,对这三部分(三个单词)的确定可以概括例下:

(有时根据语气的不同,Yes可由Sure, Certainly, 1.第一个词:不是Yes就是No。

Of

course,no 可用never,not at all等代替)

eg: (1)—Can you help me你能帮个忙吗

—Certainly.当然。

(2)—Have you been there 你到过那里吗

—Never.从来没有。

2.第二个词:问谁答谁。即答语中的主语须与问句的主语一致(但必须用主格代词)。

eg:Does she clean her room every day Yes, she does.

Is Anna′s father a doctor No,he isn′t.

如果主语是 this that,回答时用 it 代替,如果问句中主语these, those,回答时用

they

代替。

3.第三个词:用什么问,用什么答。即沿用问句中的引导词。

Can Jim play soccer Yes, he can.

Does Mr Bean speak English Yes, he does.

需要注意问题:用 may 引导的问句,肯定回答用may,否定回答用 can′t 或mustn′t,用 must 引导的问句,肯定回答用 must,否定回答用needn′t. eg:May I go to the park now Yes, you may. /No, you mustn′t.

Must I wash my clothes now Yes, you must. /No, you needn′t.

4.用No开头作否定回答时,结尾要加上 not。因为回答必须是三部分,所以否定回答必须缩写,而肯定回答不能缩写。

eg:Did Thomas come here yesterday Yes, he did./ No ,he didn′t.

Is Lin Lin in Class 3 Yes, she is. / No, she isn′t.或(No, she′s

not).

【难点】

一、陈述句变一般疑问句应注意的事项

陈述句变成一般疑问句除了遵循上述规则以外,还应注意下列几点:

1.如果陈述句中有第一人称,则变问句时最好要变为第二人称。

eg:I usually have lunch at school.

→Do you usually have lunch at school

My father is playing soccer.

→Is your father playing soccer

2.如果陈述句中有some, 则变问句时往往要变成any 。

Eg: There is some water on the playground.

→Is there any water on the playground

3.复合句变一般疑问句通常只变主句,从句不变。

eg:I know he comes from Canada.

→Do you know he comes from Canada

4.如果句中含有实义动词have且表示“有”时,除借do外,也可将其直接提到句首。

Eg:I have some friends in America.

→Have you any friends in America/Do you have any friends in America 二、一般疑问句的否定式

(1)一般疑问句的否定式,一般结构为系动词/助动词/情态动词+not+主语;也可为系动 +not,+/助动词/情态动词主语词Do you not/Don't you believe me 你不相信我

Is it not / Isn't it a lovely day 天气难道不好吗

Are you not / Aren't you coming你不来吗

Will you not /Won't you sit down 你不坐会儿吗

Is he not / Isn't he a doctor 他不是医生吗

Does Helen not /Doesn't Helen like chocolate 海伦不喜欢巧克力吗

Will he not /Won't he go with you 他不和你一块儿去吗

(2)否定疑问句并不单纯表示提问,它常常带有感情色彩。否定疑问句的完全式比简略式所表达的语气更强烈些。

1)否定疑问句常常带有惊异、赞叹或责难等语气,如:

Haven't you read the newspaper

你没读过这份报纸呀

Won't he come他不来了

2)否定疑问句有时暗示提问者期待着肯定的回答,如:

Shouldn't we start now 我们现在是不是该动身了

Wasn't it an interesting film 那部电影是不是很有趣

3)否定疑问句有时用来表示邀请或建议,如:

Wouldn't you like to go with me 你不想和我一块儿去吗

Won't you have a cup of coffee 你不喝杯咖啡吗

(3)否定的一般疑问句的答语中,yes的含义为“不”,no的含义为“是”,但在回答这类句子时,应该注意yes后接肯定结构,no后接否定结构,这和汉语习惯不同,如:

—Are you not Mr Smith 你不是史密斯先生吗

—Yes,I am.不,我是。/ —No,I am not .是的,我不是。

你从前没有读过这本书吗—Haven't you read this book before —Yes,I have.不,我读过。/—No,I haven't.是的,我没有。

—Don't you play chess你不下棋吗

—Yes ,I do.不,我下棋。/—No,I don't.是的,我不下棋。

教你一招:在这样的答语中,只要根据实际情况来判断,如果事实上是,就要用yes;如果事实上不是,就要用no。

A: Don't you come from England

B: come from America.

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