最新[指南]仁爱版初中英语语法大全优秀名师资料
仁爱版初中英语语法大全
英语语法网络图一.名词I．名词的种类：II. 名词的数：1. 规则名词的复数形式：名词的复数形式,一般在单数形式后面加-ｓ或－es。
现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下:2．不规则名词复数：英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的,现归纳如下:III. 名词的所有格：名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。
所有格分两种：一是名词词尾加’ｓ构成,二是由介词ｏf加名词构成。
前者多表示有生命的东西,后者多表示无生命的东西。
１.’s所有格的构成:2．’s所有格的用法：3．of所有格的用法:用于无生命的东西：ｔhe legs ｏf the chａiｒ,thｅcoveｒｏf ｔhe book用于有生命的东西,尤其是有较长定语时：the claｓsrooms of thｅfirｓt－year stｕdents用于名词化的词:thｅsｔruggle oｆｔhe ｏｐpｒｅsｓed二．冠词冠词分为不定冠词(a,an),定冠词(tｈe),和零冠词。
I．不定冠词的用法:II．定冠词的用法：III. 零冠词的用法:三．代词:I．代词可以分为以下七大类：II.不定代词用法注意点：1. ｏne，ｓｏme与any:1）one可以泛指任何人,也可特指，复数为oneｓ。
somｅ多用于肯定句，aｎｙ多用于疑问句和否定句。
Ｏｎe shｏuｌd learn tｏthinｋof otｈers.Have you ａｎy bookmarkｓ? No,I don’t have aｎｙbookmaｒks．I hａve some qｕesｔions tｏask.2）ｓoｍｅ可用于疑问句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答复,或者表示建议，请求等。
Would yoｕlikｅsome bananas？Cｏuld yoｕgive ｍｅsome monｅy? ３)sｏmｅ和any修饰可数名词单数时,some表示某个，aｎｙ表示任何一个。
I havｅread tｈiｓaｒｔiｃle in sｏmｅmagａｚｉne. Plｅase correｃt the misｔakes，if aｎy.4) some和数词连用表示“大约”，ａny可与比较级连用表示程度。
仁爱初一英语语法知识点总结归纳
仁爱初一英语语法知识点总结归纳在学习英语时，掌握语法知识是非常重要的，它能帮助我们正确理解和运用英语语言。
以下是仁爱初一英语语法知识点的总结归纳。
1. 名词 (Nouns)名词是用来表示人、事物、地点、想法等的词语。
名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。
a. 可数名词：可以用数字进行计数的名词。
可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，如cat（猫）、cats（猫们）。
b. 不可数名词：不可以用数字进行计数的名词。
不可数名词通常表示抽象概念、物质或集合，如water（水）、love（爱）。
2. 代词 (Pronouns)代词是用来替代名词的词语，例如he（他）、she（她）、it（它）等。
代词分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词等。
a. 人称代词：用来代替人的词语，常用的有I（我）、you（你）等。
b. 物主代词：用来表示所属关系的词语，如my（我的）、his（他的）。
c. 反身代词：表示动作的主体和受体为同一人或物的代词，如myself（我自己）、herself（她自己）。
3. 动词 (Verbs)动词是表示动作、状态或存在的词语。
根据动词的形式和用法，可以分为动词的时态、语态和情态动词。
a. 时态：表示动作发生的时间。
常用的时态有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等。
b. 语态：表示动作的主体与谓语的关系，常用的语态有主动语态和被动语态。
c. 情态动词：用于表示说话人的意愿、能力、推测等情态的动词，如can（能够）、should（应该）。
4. 形容词 (Adjectives)形容词用来修饰名词或代词，描述它们的特征和性质。
形容词一般位于名词前面。
a. 基本形容词：表示事物的品质、特征、性状等，如big（大）、happy（快乐）。
b. 比较级形容词：用于比较两个或多个事物的大小、程度等差异，如bigger（更大的）、happier（更快乐的）。
c. 最高级形容词：用于比较三个或三个以上事物的大小、程度等差异，如biggest（最大的）、happiest（最快乐的）。
仁爱版重点初中英语语法大全
仁爱版重点初中英语语法大全Revised final draft November 26, 202012.Lookingbackuponthosepastyears,hec ouldn’thelpfeelingveryproud.13.Nosooner(Hardly)hadhearrivedatthetheatrethan(when)theplaystarted.14.Youngasheis,hehaslearnedadvancedmathematics.15.HowIregretthehourswastedinthewoodsandfields!16.Therestandsabeautifulvaseinthecorneroftheroom.17.Tenmilesnorthofthetownliesapaperfactory.18.Theregoesthebell.19.Nowherehastheworldeverseensuchabirdashere.20.Itisnousecryingforhelp.21.IfonlyIhadbeenyourstudentinthemiddleschool!22.Itisbelievedthatsuchathingwillnothappenagain.23.OnlywhenheexplaineddidIrealizethereasonforthis.24.“Heworksparticularlyhard.”“Sohedoes,andsodoyou.”25.NotonlyAlicebutalsoJaneandMaryaretiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.26.SuchwasAlbertEinstein,asimplepersonofgreatachievements.十五。
动词搭配1.addto增加，增进add…to把…加进…addup相加addupto总计，所有这一切说明1)Idon'tthinkthesefactswill________anything.2)Fiftynewbookshavebeen________thelibrary.3)Themusic_________ourenjoymentofthefilm.4)Youmusthavemadeamistakewhenyou_______thebill________.(addupto,addedto,addto,added…up)2.breakawayfrom打破，脱离，挣脱，改掉breakdown出毛病，身体(精神)衰弱，分解，拆开breakoff暂停，中断breakin强行进入，插话breakinto闯入breakintopieces成为碎片breakout爆发breakup捣碎，驱散，瓦解，学期结束，拆散breakthrough突破1)Thecriminalmanagedtobreak_____________thepoliceandranintothewoods.2)Whenheheardthenews,hebroke_______andcried.3)Don'tbreak________whileothersarespeaking.4)Whydon'tyoubreak________forafewminutesandhavesomecoffee5)Whendoesschoolbreak________6)Afterharvestwebreak_________thesoilwithatoolpulledbytwooxen. (awayfrom,down,in,off,up,up)3.bringup抚养，呕吐，提出bringabout造成bringout拿出，出版bringin引入，引进，挣钱bringback使回想起bringdown使下降，使倒下1)Theshopkeeperbroughthisprice_________toonlyfivedollars.2)Theschoolhasbrought_________newforeignteacherstoteachoralEnglish.3)Thesongbrought___________happymemoriesofourschooldays.4)Doyouknowwhatbrought___________thismisunderstanding5)Thekindoldmanagreedtobring__________theyoungorphan.6)Wedecidedtobringthematter___atthenextmeeting.7)Thewindbrought_______alotoftreeslastnight.8)Nextmonththeywillbring________aneweditionofthebook.(down,in,back,about,up,up,down,out)4.callon号召，拜访（某人）callat拜访、参观（某地）callfor去叫某人,要求,需要callup使回忆起,征召入伍callin召集，请某人来callout大喊，高叫calloff取消，不举行1)Doctorsareoftencalled_____inthemiddleofthewar.2)Pleasewaitformeathome.I'llcall_______youatyourhouseatseventonight.3)Thetrainscalls_______severalbigcitiesbetweenBeijingandGuangzhou.4)Hecalledhername__________,butshedidn'tanswer.5)Thesportsmeetwascalled____onaccountoftherain.(in,for,at,out,off)eabout发生，出现comedown下跌，落，降，传下来comein进来comeinto(sight/being/existence/use/notice/effect)comeon来临/快点comeout出版，结果是comealong一道来，赶快cometo达到(anend/anagreement/astop)苏醒，合计，总共是comeover走过来comeup发芽，走近comeacross偶然碰到comeback回想起comefrom来自，源自1)Icome_________thebookIlentyoulastmonth.2)Howdiditcome_________thatyoubothgotlostIthoughtyouhadamap.3)Itsuddenlycame_________tomewhereIhadseentheboybefore.4)Come__________now,orelseweshallbelate.5)Hecame__________melikeatiger.6)Thepriceofpetrolhascome_________sincethebeginningofthisyear.7)Thewordcame__________usemanyyearsago.8)Whentheexaminationresultcame_________,hehadalreadygotajob.9)Thebillcame__________overathousanddollars.10)Isowedtheseedsoveramonthago,buttheyhaven'tcome__________yet. (for,about,back,on,at,down,into,out,to,up)6.cutacross抄近路cutdown砍倒，削减cutoff切断，割掉，断绝关系cutup连根拔除，切碎through剪断，凿穿cutout删（省）掉，戒掉cutin插嘴1)Don'tcut___thistree.Itwillbeveryshadyinsummer.2)Youmustcut________thenumberofcigarettesyousmoke,oritwillcauseillness.3)Wedecidedtocut_________themoor（旷野）tothevillage.4)Cuttingthetree____meanscuttingthetreeintopieces.5)Theelectricitywascut___________whentheladyrefusedtopaythebill.6)WewerehavingapleasantconversationwhenTomcut__________.（down,down,across,up,off,in）7.dieof(disease/hunger/grief/oldage)死于（疾病，饥饿，寒冷，情感原因）diefrom死于（意外事故、情形）dieaway渐渐消逝dieout绝种diedown(炉火)渐熄dieoff逐一死去8.fallbehind落后falloverone'sfeet跌跤falldown掉下，跌倒fallback撤退，后退1)Babiesoftenfall_____whentheyarelearningtowalk.2)Ourteamseemstohavefallen__________theothers.3)Assoonastheenemiesfell__________,thepeoplereturnedtotheirvillage.4)Shefell__________thebenchandhadherlegbroken.（down,behind,back,over）9.goinfor从事，喜爱，参加gothrough通过，经受goover复习，检查goup（价格）上涨，建造起来goafter追捕，追赶goagainst违反goahead先行，开始吧，问吧，说吧goaway离开goby时间过去godown下沉，降低，（日、月）西沉goon(with)继续进行gowith相配，陪同gowithout没有，缺少goout外出，熄灭goallout全力以赴gooff爆炸，进行，变坏，断电，停止供应gobackon背约，食言gobeyond超出1)Manynewfactorieshavegone__inthepastfewyears.2)Rentshavegone__________greatlyrecently.3)Manyyearshavegone___________sincewefirstmet.4)Let'scontinueourjourneyuntilthesungoes_______.5)Hisactionswent___________thewillofthepeople,6)Ican'tdoit,foritgoes___________myduty.7)Over100studentswent____________thisentranceexamination.8)Thebombwent____________andkilledtenpeople.9)Thebuyerwent___________thecarcarefullybeforereachingadecision.10)Thistiedoesn'tgo___________myblueshirt.11)Ifyouthinkyoucansolvetheproblem,go______.12)Manystudentswent__________playingbasketball.(up,up,by,down,against,beyond,through,off,over,with,ahead,infor) 10.getdown下来，记下，使沮丧getdownto致力于，专心于geton进展，进步，穿上，上车getoff脱下,下车getin收集，插（话）getaway逃跑，逃脱，去休假getover忘记，越过，克服，从疾病中恢复getalongwith进展，相处getup起床getthrough打通电话，完成，通过getround消息传开getclosetosth.接近，几乎getinto(trouble)getto(know)getback取回，收回getout1)ShespokesofastthatIcouldn'tget____whathesaid.2)Wewillfindwaystoget_________difficulties.3)Thestoryhasgot__________,andeveryoneknowsaboutit.4)WhenIget_________withthereport,I'llgotothecinema.5)Afteradeliciousmealthetwomengot__________tobusiness.6)Don'talwaysget__________awordwhenothersarespeaking.7)Ittookmealongtimetoget___________suchanunpleasantexperience. (down,over,round,through,down,in,over)11.giveaway赠送，泄露，出卖giveout发出，疲劳，分发，公布giveoff发出（光、热、气体）givein(tosb.)屈服giveup放弃，让（座位）1)Hisaccentatlastgavehim__________.2)Theliquidgave________astrongsmell.3)Theheadmastergave___________thenamesoftheprize-winners.4)Thesoldiersgave_________thetowntotheenemies.5)Whowillhelpmetogivethebooks___________6)Don'tbelieveinthosewhogivehisfriends________.7)Afteralongwalk,mystrengthgave____________.(away,off,out,up,out,away,out)12.handin交上，提交handout分发handdown流传，遗传13.hangabout闲逛hangup挂电话14.holdback阻止，隐瞒holdup举起，使停顿holdon别挂电话，等，坚持holdout持续，坚持，伸出holddown控制，镇压1)I'msureheisholdingsomething_________.2)Shemanagedtohold______heremotionuntilherguestshadleft.Thenshecried.3)Tellhimtohold________amoment.I'llcomesoon.4)Ourfoodsupplywon'thold_________formorethanafewdays.5)Thetrainwasheld________asaresultofthefloods.6)Thesemeasureshelpedtohold___________thecity'spopulation.7)Hold___________yourleftarm,please.(back,back,on,out,up,down,up)15.keepup(courage,English,spirits)保持，keepupwith跟上keepoff(grass)不接近，离开keepawayfrom避开，不接近，离…远远的keepoutofkeepto(rules,promise)坚持，遵守keepon继续，坚持下来keepback阻止，留下，隐瞒，扣下keepfrom克制，阻止1)Theangryladytoldthestrangerstokeep________fromher.2)Icanhardlykeep________mytearsafterhearinghiswords.3)Onlypridekepther__________burstingintotears.4)Icanscarcelykeep__________askinghimwhathehasdone.5)"Don'ttouchme,"screamedthewoman,"Keep__________!"6)Keep_________untilyousucceed.7)Keep_________yourcourage,andyou'llsucceedintheend.8)Thethickcoatcankeepthecold___________.9)Alwaystrytokeep___________theruleswhenyouplayagame.10)Ican'tkeep________witheverythingyou'redoing.(away,back,from,from,off,on,up,out,to,up)16.knockat/on敲knockinto撞到某人身上knockdown撞倒knockoutof把…敲出knockover撞倒knockoff停止工作，休息1)Theboxersoonknockedhisopponent_________.2)Theofficestuffknocks_________atsixeveryday.3)Tryknocking__________thewindowandseeifthereisanyoneindoors.4)Hewassoabsorbedinhisbookthatheknocked__________thecarparkedthere. (down,off,on,into)17.leavefor离开前往leaveout删去，遗漏leavebehind遗留,忘记拿走leaveto留给，遗嘱赠于leaveover遗留，剩下，延期1)"Whosenamehasbeenleft__________"demandedtheteacher.2)Whenhedied,heleftallhisproperty_____hisniece.3)Hesuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthisumbrella___________.4)Don'tleavethismatter_________untiltomorrow.5)Leavesomemeat___________fortomorrow.6)Thosearequestionsleft_________byhistory.(out,to,behind,over,over,over)18.lookup查找，向上看lookthrough翻阅，浏览lookon旁观lookon…as看作lookinto调查lookafter/at/for照顾/看/寻找lookout(for)当心lookabout/around/round四下查看lookdownupon瞧不起lookbackupon回忆，回顾lookab.upanddown仔细打量某人lookabintheface/eyes直视某人1)Ispenttwohourslooking______thestudents'papers.2)Look_______!Thereisabigholeinfront.3)Hetookpartinthegame,andtherestofusjustlooked______andcheeredforhim.4)Theoldmanlooked_____uponthedaysofhisyouth.5)Shewassosnobbish（势利）thatshelooked__________uponallhisneighbours.6)Thepolicepromisedtolook__________thecaseassoonaspossible.7)Helooked__________butsawnobody,andhelistenedbuthearnothing. (through,out,on,back,down,into,about/around/round)19.makeup编造，配制，打扮，组成makeupfor弥补makeinto/of/from制成makeout弄懂，发现，看出,填写，开列（清单）makefor走向，驶往，促使1)Canyoumakethislengthofcloth__________asuit2)Iaskedthedriverifhewasmaking___________London3)Myfathermade__________acheckformetobuythecamera.4)Wemustmaketheloss_________nextweek./Hetriedhardtomake________for thedamagehehaddone.5)Hemade__________astory,whichIfoundhardtobelieve.6)Someoneiscoming,butIcan'tmake___________whoitis.(into,for,out,up/up,up,out)20.passaway去世passby经过passdown(on)…to传给passthrough经历passover漠视，忽视1)Theoldclockhasbeenpassed________tomefrommygrandfather'sgrandfather.2)Themanpassed___________lastweekinpeace.3)Wearepassing____________difficulttimes.4)Thesecretarypassed___________thedetailsinthefirstpartofhisreport. (down,away,through,over)21.payback还钱，报复payfor付钱，为…受到惩罚，因…得到报应payoff还清1)Howmuchdidyoupay__________thedictionary2)Youshouldpay_________themoneyyouborrowedfromme.3)I'llpayhim____________forallhiscrimes(罪行)againstme.4)Someday,you'llpay__________whatyouhavedonetoday.5)Hasshepay____________thedebtyet（for,back,back,for,off）22.pickup拾起，获得(information)，接人，站起，收听，自然习得(language /knowledge)，恢复重获(pickuphealth)pickout挑选，辨认，看出1)Ipickedtheinformation__________whilewaitinginthequeue.2)Myfriendhasarrangedtopickme_________at6:00.3)Thepatienthaspicked_________healthduringthelasttwoweeks.4)Shepicked_______themostexpensivepairofshoes.5)Ican'tpickJohn___________inthecrowd.6)CanIpick__________VOAwiththisshort-waveradio7)Hefelldownsuddenly,butpickedhimself___________quickly.(up,up,up,out,out,up,up)pickcotton/flower/leaves/words选词23.putup搭起，张贴，举起，安装，投宿，安排住下putupwith忍受putout伸出，扑灭putoff推迟putinto放进，翻译putaway放好，存钱putdown记下，平息puton穿戴，上映，增加(putonweight/speed)putforward提出，提前putthrough接通电话putaside放到一边putback放回1)Heput_________halfhiswageeveryweek.2)Thegovernmentsoonput__________therevolt（暴乱）.3)Putyourwatch__________.It'sslow.4)Heput__________hishandformetoshake.5).Pleaseputme__________toExtension（分机）2.6)Weput___________fornightatthevillageinn.7)Heisveryproud,andheoftenput_________airs.（摆架子）8)Wehadatelephoneput_____________inouroffice.9)Ican'tput__________withyourlaziness.(away,down,forward,out,through,up,on,up,up)24.pulldown拆掉，推翻?pullon匆匆穿上/off脱pullin进站pullout取出,(火车)离站pulldown往下拉,拆毁pullover驶到一边pullthrough恢复健康,渡过难关,脱离险境pullup（使）停住1)Thetrainslowlypulled__________anddisappearedinthedistance.2)Alltheoldhousesherehavenowbeenpulled______,andnewonesaretobebuilt.3)Thecarpulled_________whenIblewthehorn.4)Thedoctorthinksthemanwillpull__________.5)Thedriverpulled________atthetrafficlights.(out,down,over,through,up)25.pushover推倒，刮倒pushahead(on,forward)继续前进，坚持下去pushthrough排除困难办好谋事，努力设法通过，挤过1)We'vedecidedtopush__________withourplantobuildanewroad2)Manytreeswerepushed__________inthehurricane.3)Theyweredeterminedtopushthenewrules________atanycost..4)Takecarenottopushthebaby_________.5)Theypushed___________thecrowdandatlastreachedus. (on,over,through,over,through)26.runacross偶然碰到?runafter追逐，追捕runaway逃跑runfor竞选runinto偶然碰到（困难）遇见（人），相撞runoutof用完1)Ifyoudrivesofast,you'llrun_________someonesomeday.2)Iran__________afriendofmineintheexhibition.3)Ourwaterhasrun__________.Canyoufillupsomemorebottles4)Whydoyoualwaysrun__________adventure5)Hedidn'twanttorun___________presidentthatyear.6)Inthatwayyouwillonlyrun__________difficulties.(into,across/into,out,after,for,into)27.seeoff送行seethrough看透，识破seeto照料，照管28.sendfor派人去请sendoff送行sendout发出（光亮）等sendup发射29.setup建立setoff出发，触发，引起setout动身，着手(todo)，陈述setabout开始着手(doing)settowork(n.)开始做setback拨回，使推迟1)Ishallsetmywatch___________byfiveminutes.2)Weset__________readingthetextaloudimmediatelythebellrang.3)Weset_________atdaybreakyesterdayandwe'vebeentravellingeversincethen.4)Iset__________toadvisehimnottodrink.5)Whatwerethereasonsheset___________inhisreport6)Thepresidentset__________aspecialgroupofsoldierstoguardhim.7)Theunpopularlawset_________aseriesofprotests.（抗议）(back,about,off/out,out,out,up,off)30.takeoff脱掉，起飞?takeon呈现雇佣takeaway拿走takein吸收，领会takeup从事，占用（时间空间）takedown记录，取下takeback收回takefor误认为takealong随身带takeover接管takeout1)Itake_________allIsaidabouthisdishonesty.2)Hewenttotheshelfandtook__________abookofpoems.3)AtfirstItookhim_________adoctor.4)Icanseethatmostofyouhavetaken________everythingthattheteachertaught.5)Billhasnowtaken__________hisfather'sbusiness.6)Myjobtakes__________mostofmytime.7)Thebosstook____________twentypeopleforhisnewcompany.(back,down,for,in,over,up,on)takechargeof负责,takesth.forgranted想当然,takeholdof抓住,takepridein以………为自豪,taketheplaceof,代替taketurnstodo轮流做,takeoffice就职31.thinkof想起?thinkof…as把…看作thinkout想出thinkup想出thinkabout考虑thinkover仔细考虑thinkwellofsb.对某人看法好32.turnoff/on打开turnover翻身，反复考虑，翻（书页），翻转turnout证明为，结果，制造成品turnto转向，求助turndown调低，拒绝turnagainst变得敌视，反对turnaway打发走，驱逐，转过脸去turnback返回，转回去turnround转过身来turnup向上翻，露面，出现，音量调大turnin上缴turnupsidedown把倒置，弄得乱七八糟1)Thechildturned__________itsmotherforcomfort.2)Turn___________andletmeseeyourface.3)Howevermuchheturnedtheproblem________inmind,hecouldfindnosatisfactorysolution.4)TheEnglisheveningpartyturned_________agreatsuccess.5)Thesightoftheaccidentwastoomuchforhertobear,andsheturned_______.6)Thefootballstadiumwasfull,andmanypeoplehadtobeturned__________.7)Thearmyturnedhim___________onaccountof(因为)hispoorhealth.8)Sheturnedthewholehouse___________inhersearchforhermissingpurse.9)Wheredidyourpurseturn____________Ifounditinthesnow.10)Thevillagerssuddenlyturned__________theforeignerswholivednearby.11)Thefactoryturns____________2000newcarslastyear.(to,round,over,out,away,away,down,upsidedown,up,against,out)。
九年级仁爱版全部知识点语法
九年级仁爱版全部知识点语法在九年级的语法学习中，我们将涵盖仁爱版全部的知识点。
以下是对每个语法知识点的简要概述：1. 时态与语态：时态是动词所表达的动作或状态发生的时间。
常见的时态包括一般现在时、现在进行时、一般过去时、过去进行时等。
语态是与动作的主动与被动相关的形式，如主动语态和被动语态。
2. 名词性从句：名词性从句在句子中起到名词的作用，常见的名词性从句有主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句等。
从句的引导词有that、whether、who、which、when、where等。
3. 定语从句：定语从句用来修饰一个名词或代词，并起到对其进行限定的作用。
从句的引导词有that、which、who、whom、whose、where 等。
4. 状语从句：状语从句用来修饰整个句子或主句中的一个词或短语，并起到描述、补充或说明的作用。
常见的状语从句有时间状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句、原因状语从句等。
从句的引导词有when、if、unless、so that、because等。
5. 倒装句：倒装句是将谓语动词或助动词放在主语之前的句子结构。
倒装句可以分为完全倒装和部分倒装，用于强调句子成分、表示习惯或条件等。
6. 虚拟语气：虚拟语气用来表示与事实相反、假设、建议、命令等与现实相悖的情况。
常见的虚拟语气形式有与现在事实相反的虚拟语气、与过去事实相反的虚拟语气和与将来事实相反的虚拟语气等。
7. 比较级与最高级：比较级和最高级用于比较两个或多个事物之间的程度、数量、质量等差异。
比较级用于两者之间的比较，最高级用于三者或以上的比较。
常见的比较级形式有原级、比较级和最高级。
8. 祈使句：祈使句用于表示请求、命令、建议等。
祈使句的主语通常是第二人称（you），但有时可省略。
常见的祈使句形式有肯定祈使句、否定祈使句和祈使句的简略形式。
9. 名词与代词：名词是指人、事物、地点、时间等的名称。
代词是用来代替名词的词语。
仁爱版重点初中英语语法大全 (2)
19.?Nowherehastheworldeverseensuchabirdashere.20.Itisnousecryingforhelp.21.?IfonlyIhadbeenyourstudentinthemiddleschool!22.?Itisbelievedthatsuchathingwillnothappenagain.23.?OnlywhenheexplaineddidIrealizethereasonforthis.24.?“Heworksparticularlyhard.”?“Sohedoes,andsodoyou.”25.NotonlyAlicebutalsoJaneandMaryaretiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.26.SuchwasAlbertEinstein,asimplepersonofgreatachievements.??十五。
动词搭配1.addto增加，增进?add…to把…加进…?addup相加?addupto总计，所有这一切说明?1)Idon'tthinkthesefactswill________anything.?2)Fiftynewbookshavebeen________thelibrary.?3)Themusic_________ourenjoymentofthefilm.?4)Youmusthavemadeamistakewhenyou_______thebill________.?(addupto,addedto,addto,added…up)2.breakawayfrom打破，脱离，挣脱，改掉?breakdown出毛病，身体(精神)衰弱，分解，拆开?breakoff暂停，中断?breakin强行进入，插话?breakinto闯入breakintopieces成为碎片?breakout爆发?breakup捣碎，驱散，瓦解，学期结束，拆散?breakthrough突破?1)Thecriminalmanagedtobreak_______?______thepoliceandranintothewoods. ?2)Whenheheardthenews,hebroke_______andcried.?3)Don'tbreak________whileothersarespeaking.?4)Whydon'tyoubreak________forafewminutesandhavesomecoffee??5)Whendoesschoolbreak________??6)Afterharvestwebreak_________thesoilwithatoolpulledbytwooxen.?(awayfrom,down,in,off,up,up)3.bringup抚养，呕吐，提出?bringabout造成?bringout拿出，出版?bringin引入，引进，挣钱?bringback使回想起?bringdown使下降，使倒下?1)Theshopkeeperbroughthisprice_________toonlyfivedollars.?2)Theschoolhasbrought_________newforeignteacherstoteachoralEnglish. ?3)Thesongbrought___________happymemoriesofourschooldays.?4)Doyouknowwhatbrought___________thismisunderstanding??5)Thekindoldmanagreedtobring__________theyoungorphan.?6)Wedecidedtobringthematter___atthenextmeeting.?7)Thewindbrought_______alotoftreeslastnight.?8)Nextmonththeywill?bring________aneweditionof?thebook.(down,in,back,about,up,up,down,out)4.callon号召，拜访（某人）callat拜访、参观（某地）callfor去叫某人,要求,需要callup使回忆起,征召入伍callin召集，请某人来callout大喊，高叫calloff取消，不举行1)Doctorsareoftencalled_____inthemiddleofthewar.2)Pleasewaitformeathome.I'llcall_______youatyourhouseatseventonight.3)Thetrainscalls_______severalbigcitiesbetweenBeijingandGuangzhou.4)Hecalledhername__________,butshedidn'tanswer.5)Thesportsmeetwascalled____onaccountoftherain.(in,for,at,out,off)eabout发生，出现comedown下跌，落，降，传下来comein进来comeinto(sight/being/existence/use/notice/effect)comeon来临/快点comeout出版，结果是comealong一道来，赶快cometo达到(anend/anagreement/astop)苏醒，合计，总共是comeover走过来comeup发芽，走近comeacross偶然碰到comeback回想起comefrom来自，源自1)Icome_________thebookIlentyoulastmonth.2)Howdiditcome_________thatyoubothgotlost?Ithoughtyouhadamap.3)Itsuddenlycame_________tomewhereIhadseentheboybefore.4)Come__________now,orelseweshallbelate.5)Hecame__________melikeatiger.6)Thepriceofpetrolhascome_________sincethebeginningofthisyear.7)Thewordcame__________usemanyyearsago.8)Whentheexaminationresultcame_________,hehadalreadygotajob.9)Thebillcame__________overathousanddollars.10)Isowedtheseedsoveramonthago,buttheyhaven'tcome__________yet.(for,about,back,on,at,down,into,out,to,up)6.cutacross抄近路cutdown砍倒，削减cutoff切断，割掉，断绝关系cutup连根拔除，切碎through剪断，凿穿cutout删（省）掉，戒掉cutin插嘴1)Don'tcut___thistree.Itwillbeveryshadyinsummer.2)Youmustcut________thenumberofcigarettesyousmoke,oritwillcauseillness.3)Wedecidedtocut_________themoor（旷野）tothevillage.4)Cuttingthetree____meanscuttingthetreeintopieces.5)Theelectricitywascut___________whentheladyrefusedtopaythebill.6)WewerehavingapleasantconversationwhenTomcut__________.（down,down,across,up,off,in）7.dieof(disease/hunger/grief/oldage)死于（疾病，饥饿，寒冷，情感原因）diefrom死于（意外事故、情形）dieaway渐渐消逝dieout绝种diedown(炉火)渐熄dieoff逐一死去8.fallbehind落后falloverone'sfeet跌跤falldown掉下，跌倒fallback撤退，后退1)Babiesoftenfall_____whentheyarelearningtowalk.2)Ourteamseemstohavefallen__________theothers.3)Assoonastheenemiesfell__________,thepeoplereturnedtotheirvillage.4)Shefell__________thebenchandhadherlegbroken.（down,behind,back,over）9.goinfor从事，喜爱，参加gothrough通过，经受goover复习，检查goup（价格）上涨，建造起来goafter追捕，追赶goagainst违反goahead先行，开始吧，问吧，说吧goaway离开goby时间过去godown下沉，降低，（日、月）西沉goon(with)继续进行gowith相配，陪同gowithout没有，缺少goout外出，熄灭goallout全力以赴gooff爆炸，进行，变坏，断电，停止供应gobackon背约，食言gobeyond超出1)Manynewfactorieshavegone__inthepastfewyears.2)Rentshavegone__________greatlyrecently.3)Manyyearshavegone___________sincewefirstmet.4)Let'scontinueourjourneyuntilthesungoes_______.5)Hisactionswent___________thewillofthepeople,6)Ican'tdoit,foritgoes___________myduty.7)Over100studentswent____________thisentranceexamination.8)Thebombwent____________andkilledtenpeople.9)Thebuyerwent___________thecarcarefullybeforereachingadecision.10)Thistiedoesn'tgo___________myblueshirt.11)Ifyouthinkyoucansolvetheproblem,go______.12)Manystudentswent__________playingbasketball.(up,up,by,down,against,beyond,through,off,over,with,ahead,infor) 10.getdown下来，记下，使沮丧getdownto致力于，专心于geton进展，进步，穿上，上车getoff脱下,下车getin收集，插（话）getaway逃跑，逃脱，去休假getover忘记，越过，克服，从疾病中恢复getalongwith进展，相处getup起床getthrough打通电话，完成，通过getround消息传开getclosetosth.接近，几乎getinto(trouble)getto(know)getback取回，收回getout1)ShespokesofastthatIcouldn'tget____whathesaid.2)Wewillfindwaystoget_________difficulties.3)Thestoryhasgot__________,andeveryoneknowsaboutit.4)WhenIget_________withthereport,I'llgotothecinema.5)Afteradeliciousmealthetwomengot__________tobusiness.6)Don'talwaysget__________awordwhenothersarespeaking.7)Ittookmealongtimetoget___________suchanunpleasantexperience.(down,over,round,through,down,in,over)11.giveaway赠送，泄露，出卖giveout发出，疲劳，分发，公布giveoff发出（光、热、气体）givein(tosb.)屈服giveup放弃，让（座位）1)Hisaccentatlastgavehim__________.2)Theliquidgave________astrongsmell.3)Theheadmastergave___________thenamesoftheprize-winners.4)Thesoldiersgave_________thetowntotheenemies.5)Whowillhelpmetogivethebooks___________?6)Don'tbelieveinthosewhogivehisfriends________.7)Afteralongwalk,mystrengthgave____________.(away,off,out,up,out,away,out)12.handin交上，提交handout分发handdown流传，遗传13.hangabout闲逛hangup挂电话14.holdback阻止，隐瞒holdup举起，使停顿holdon别挂电话，等，坚持holdout持续，坚持，伸出holddown控制，镇压1)I'msureheisholdingsomething_________.2)Shemanagedtohold______heremotionuntilherguestshadleft.Thenshecried.3)Tellhimtohold________amoment.I'llcomesoon.4)Ourfoodsupplywon'thold_________formorethanafewdays.5)Thetrainwasheld________asaresultofthefloods.6)Thesemeasureshelpedtohold___________thecity'spopulation.7)Hold___________yourleftarm,please.(back,back,on,out,up,down,up)15.keepup(courage,English,spirits)保持，keepupwith跟上keepoff(grass)不接近，离开keepawayfrom避开，不接近，离…远远的keepoutofkeepto(rules,promise)坚持，遵守keepon继续，坚持下来keepback阻止，留下，隐瞒，扣下keepfrom克制，阻止1)Theangryladytoldthestrangerstokeep________fromher.2)Icanhardlykeep________mytearsafterhearinghiswords.3)Onlypridekepther__________burstingintotears.4)Icanscarcelykeep__________askinghimwhathehasdone.5)"Don'ttouchme,"screamedthewoman,"Keep__________!"6)Keep_________untilyousucceed.7)Keep_________yourcourage,andyou'llsucceedintheend.8)Thethickcoatcankeepthecold___________.9)Alwaystrytokeep___________theruleswhenyouplayagame.10)Ican'tkeep________witheverythingyou'redoing.(away,back,from,from,off,on,up,out,to,up)16.knockat/on敲knockinto撞到某人身上knockdown撞倒knockoutof把…敲出knockover撞倒knockoff停止工作，休息1)Theboxersoonknockedhisopponent_________.2)Theofficestuffknocks_________atsixeveryday.3)Tryknocking__________thewindowandseeifthereisanyoneindoors.4)Hewassoabsorbedinhisbookthatheknocked__________thecarparkedthere.(down,off,on,into)17.leavefor离开前往leaveout删去，遗漏leavebehind遗留,忘记拿走leaveto留给，遗嘱赠于leaveover遗留，剩下，延期1)"Whosenamehasbeenleft__________?"demandedtheteacher.2)Whenhedied,heleftallhisproperty_____hisniece.3)Hesuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthisumbrella___________.4)Don'tleavethismatter_________untiltomorrow.5)Leavesomemeat___________fortomorrow.6)Thosearequestionsleft_________byhistory.(out,to,behind,over,over,over)18.lookup查找，向上看lookthrough翻阅，浏览lookon旁观lookon…as看作lookinto调查lookafter/at/for照顾/看/寻找lookout(for)当心lookabout/around/round四下查看lookdownupon瞧不起lookbackupon回忆，回顾lookab.upanddown仔细打量某人lookabintheface/eyes直视某人1)Ispenttwohourslooking______thestudents'papers.2)Look_______!Thereisabigholeinfront.3)Hetookpartinthegame,andtherestofusjustlooked______andcheeredforhim.4)Theoldmanlooked_____uponthedaysofhisyouth.5)Shewassosnobbish（势利）thatshelooked__________uponallhisneighbours.6)Thepolicepromisedtolook__________thecaseassoonaspossible.7)Helooked__________butsawnobody,andhelistenedbuthearnothing.(through,out,on,back,down,into,about/around/round)19.makeup编造，配制，打扮，组成makeupfor弥补makeinto/of/from制成makeout弄懂，发现，看出,填写，开列（清单）makefor走向，驶往，促使1)Canyoumakethislengthofcloth__________asuit?2)Iaskedthedriverifhewasmaking___________London?3)Myfathermade__________acheckformetobuythecamera.4)Wemustmaketheloss_________nextweek./Hetriedhardtomake________forthedamagehehaddone.5)Hemade__________astory,whichIfoundhardtobelieve.6)Someoneiscoming,butIcan'tmake___________whoitis.(into,for,out,up/up,up,out)20.passaway去世passby经过passdown(on)…to传给passthrough经历passover漠视，忽视1)Theoldclockhasbeenpassed________tomefrommygrandfather'sgrandfather.2)Themanpassed___________lastweekinpeace.3)Wearepassing____________difficulttimes.4)Thesecretarypassed___________thedetailsinthefirstpartofhisreport.(down,away,through,over)21.payback还钱，报复payfor付钱，为…受到惩罚，因…得到报应payoff还清1)Howmuchdidyoupay__________thedictionary?2)Youshouldpay_________themoneyyouborrowedfromme.3)I'llpayhim____________forallhiscrimes(罪行)againstme.4)Someday,you'llpay__________whatyouhavedonetoday.5)Hasshepay____________thedebtyet?（for,back,back,for,off）22.pickup拾起，获得(information)，接人，站起，收听，自然习得(language/knowledge)，恢复重获(pickuphealth)pickout挑选，辨认，看出1)Ipickedtheinformation__________whilewaitinginthequeue.2)Myfriendhasarrangedtopickme_________at6:00.3)Thepatienthaspicked_________healthduringthelasttwoweeks.4)Shepicked_______themostexpensivepairofshoes.5)Ican'tpickJohn___________inthecrowd.6)CanIpick__________VOAwiththisshort-waveradio?7)Hefelldownsuddenly,butpickedhimself___________quickly.(up,up,up,out,out,up,up)pickcotton/flower/leaves/words选词23.putup搭起，张贴，举起，安装，投宿，安排住下putupwith忍受putout伸出，扑灭putoff推迟putinto放进，翻译putaway放好，存钱putdown记下，平息puton穿戴，上映，增加(putonweight/speed)putforward提出，提前putthrough接通电话putaside放到一边putback放回1)Heput_________halfhiswageeveryweek.2)Thegovernmentsoonput__________therevolt（暴乱）.3)Putyourwatch__________.It'sslow.4)Heput__________hishandformetoshake.5).Pleaseputme__________toExtension（分机）2.6)Weput___________fornightatthevillageinn.7)Heisveryproud,andheoftenput_________airs.（摆架子）8)Wehadatelephoneput_____________inouroffice.9)Ican'tput__________withyourlaziness.(away,down,forward,out,through,up,on,up,up)24.pulldown拆掉，推翻pullon匆匆穿上/off脱pullin进站pullout取出,(火车)离站pulldown往下拉,拆毁pullover驶到一边pullthrough恢复健康,渡过难关,脱离险境pullup（使）停住1)Thetrainslowlypulled__________anddisappearedinthedistance.2)Alltheoldhousesherehavenowbeenpulled______,andnewonesaretobebuilt.3)Thecarpulled_________whenIblewthehorn.4)Thedoctorthinksthemanwillpull__________.5)Thedriverpulled________atthetrafficlights.(out,down,over,through,up)25.pushover推倒，刮倒pushahead(on,forward)继续前进，坚持下去pushthrough排除困难办好谋事，努力设法通过，挤过1)We'vedecidedtopush__________withourplantobuildanewroad2)Manytreeswerepushed__________inthehurricane.3)Theyweredeterminedtopushthenewrules________atanycost..4)Takecarenottopushthebaby_________.5)Theypushed___________thecrowdandatlastreachedus.(on,over,through,over,through)26.runacross偶然碰到runafter追逐，追捕runaway逃跑runfor竞选runinto偶然碰到（困难）遇见（人），相撞runoutof用完1)Ifyoudrivesofast,you'llrun_________someonesomeday.2)Iran__________afriendofmineintheexhibition.3)Ourwaterhasrun__________.Canyoufillupsomemorebottles?4)Whydoyoualwaysrun__________adventure?5)Hedidn'twanttorun___________presidentthatyear.6)Inthatwayyouwillonlyrun__________difficulties.(into,across/into,out,after,for,into)27.seeoff送行seethrough看透，识破seeto照料，照管28.sendfor派人去请sendoff送行sendout发出（光亮）等sendup发射29.setup建立setoff出发，触发，引起setout动身，着手(todo)，陈述setabout开始着手(doing)settowork(n.)开始做setback拨回，使推迟1)Ishallsetmywatch___________byfiveminutes.2)Weset__________readingthetextaloudimmediatelythebellrang.3)Weset_________atdaybreakyesterdayandwe'vebeentravellingeversincethen.4)Iset__________toadvisehimnottodrink.5)Whatwerethereasonsheset___________inhisreport?6)Thepresidentset__________aspecialgroupofsoldierstoguardhim.7)Theunpopularlawset_________aseriesofprotests.（抗议）(back,about,off/out,out,out,up,off)30.takeoff脱掉，起飞takeon呈现雇佣takeaway拿走takein吸收，领会takeup从事，占用（时间空间）takedown记录，取下takeback收回takefor误认为takealong随身带takeover接管takeout1)Itake_________allIsaidabouthisdishonesty.2)Hewenttotheshelfandtook__________abookofpoems.3)AtfirstItookhim_________adoctor.4)Icanseethatmostofyouhavetaken________everythingthattheteachertaught.5)Billhasnowtaken__________hisfather'sbusiness.6)Myjobtakes__________mostofmytime.7)Thebosstook____________twentypeopleforhisnewcompany.(back,down,for,in,over,up,on)takechargeof负责,takesth.forgranted想当然,takeholdof抓住,takepridein以………为自豪,taketheplaceof,代替taketurnstodo轮流做,takeoffice就职31.thinkof想起thinkof…as把…看作thinkout想出thinkup想出thinkabout考虑thinkover仔细考虑thinkwellofsb.对某人看法好32.turnoff/on打开turnover翻身，反复考虑，翻（书页），翻转turnout证明为，结果，制造成品turnto转向，求助turndown调低，拒绝turnagainst变得敌视，反对turnaway打发走，驱逐，转过脸去turnback返回，转回去turnround转过身来turnup向上翻，露面，出现，音量调大turnin上缴turnupsidedown把倒置，弄得乱七八糟1)Thechildturned__________itsmotherforcomfort.2)Turn___________andletmeseeyourface.3)Howevermuchheturnedtheproblem________inmind,hecouldfindnosatisfactorysolution.4)TheEnglisheveningpartyturned_________agreatsuccess.5)Thesightoftheaccidentwastoomuchforhertobear,andsheturned_______.6)Thefootballstadiumwasfull,andmanypeoplehadtobeturned__________.7)Thearmyturnedhim___________onaccountof(因为)hispoorhealth.8)Sheturnedthewholehouse___________inhersearchforhermissingpurse.9)Wheredidyourpurseturn____________?Ifounditinthesnow.10)Thevillagerssuddenlyturned__________theforeignerswholivednearby.11)Thefactoryturns____________2000newcarslastyear.(to,round,over,out,away,away,down,upsidedown,up,against,out)12。
仁爱版重点初中英语语法大全 (2)
19.?Nowherehastheworldeverseensuchabirdashere.20.Itisnousecryingforhelp.21.?IfonlyIhadbeenyourstudentinthemiddleschool!22.?Itisbelievedthatsuchathingwillnothappenagain.23.?OnlywhenheexplaineddidIrealizethereasonforthis.24.?“Heworksparticularlyhard.”?“Sohedoes,andsodoyou.”25.NotonlyAlicebutalsoJaneandMaryaretiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.26.SuchwasAlbertEinstein,asimplepersonofgreatachievements.??十五。
动词搭配1.addto增加，增进?add…to把…加进…?addup相加?addupto总计，所有这一切说明?1)Idon'tthinkthesefactswill________anything.?2)Fiftynewbookshavebeen________thelibrary.?3)Themusic_________ourenjoymentofthefilm.?4)Youmusthavemadeamistakewhenyou_______thebill________.?(addupto,addedto,addto,added…up)2.breakawayfrom打破，脱离，挣脱，改掉?breakdown出毛病，身体(精神)衰弱，分解，拆开?breakoff暂停，中断?breakin强行进入，插话?breakinto闯入breakintopieces成为碎片?breakout爆发?breakup捣碎，驱散，瓦解，学期结束，拆散?breakthrough突破?1)Thecriminalmanagedtobreak_______?______thepoliceandranintothewoods. ?2)Whenheheardthenews,hebroke_______andcried.?3)Don'tbreak________whileothersarespeaking.?4)Whydon'tyoubreak________forafewminutesandhavesomecoffee??5)Whendoesschoolbreak________??6)Afterharvestwebreak_________thesoilwithatoolpulledbytwooxen.?(awayfrom,down,in,off,up,up)3.bringup抚养，呕吐，提出?bringabout造成?bringout拿出，出版?bringin引入，引进，挣钱?bringback使回想起?bringdown使下降，使倒下?1)Theshopkeeperbroughthisprice_________toonlyfivedollars.?2)Theschoolhasbrought_________newforeignteacherstoteachoralEnglish. ?3)Thesongbrought___________happymemoriesofourschooldays.?4)Doyouknowwhatbrought___________thismisunderstanding??5)Thekindoldmanagreedtobring__________theyoungorphan.?6)Wedecidedtobringthematter___atthenextmeeting.?7)Thewindbrought_______alotoftreeslastnight.?8)Nextmonththeywill?bring________aneweditionof?thebook.(down,in,back,about,up,up,down,out)4.callon号召，拜访（某人）callat拜访、参观（某地）callfor去叫某人,要求,需要callup使回忆起,征召入伍callin召集，请某人来callout大喊，高叫calloff取消，不举行1)Doctorsareoftencalled_____inthemiddleofthewar.2)Pleasewaitformeathome.I'llcall_______youatyourhouseatseventonight.3)Thetrainscalls_______severalbigcitiesbetweenBeijingandGuangzhou.4)Hecalledhername__________,butshedidn'tanswer.5)Thesportsmeetwascalled____onaccountoftherain.(in,for,at,out,off)eabout发生，出现comedown下跌，落，降，传下来comein进来comeinto(sight/being/existence/use/notice/effect)comeon来临/快点comeout出版，结果是comealong一道来，赶快cometo达到(anend/anagreement/astop)苏醒，合计，总共是comeover走过来comeup发芽，走近comeacross偶然碰到comeback回想起comefrom来自，源自1)Icome_________thebookIlentyoulastmonth.2)Howdiditcome_________thatyoubothgotlost?Ithoughtyouhadamap.3)Itsuddenlycame_________tomewhereIhadseentheboybefore.4)Come__________now,orelseweshallbelate.5)Hecame__________melikeatiger.6)Thepriceofpetrolhascome_________sincethebeginningofthisyear.7)Thewordcame__________usemanyyearsago.8)Whentheexaminationresultcame_________,hehadalreadygotajob.9)Thebillcame__________overathousanddollars.10)Isowedtheseedsoveramonthago,buttheyhaven'tcome__________yet.(for,about,back,on,at,down,into,out,to,up)6.cutacross抄近路cutdown砍倒，削减cutoff切断，割掉，断绝关系cutup连根拔除，切碎through剪断，凿穿cutout删（省）掉，戒掉cutin插嘴1)Don'tcut___thistree.Itwillbeveryshadyinsummer.2)Youmustcut________thenumberofcigarettesyousmoke,oritwillcauseillness.3)Wedecidedtocut_________themoor（旷野）tothevillage.4)Cuttingthetree____meanscuttingthetreeintopieces.5)Theelectricitywascut___________whentheladyrefusedtopaythebill.6)WewerehavingapleasantconversationwhenTomcut__________.（down,down,across,up,off,in）7.dieof(disease/hunger/grief/oldage)死于（疾病，饥饿，寒冷，情感原因）diefrom死于（意外事故、情形）dieaway渐渐消逝dieout绝种diedown(炉火)渐熄dieoff逐一死去8.fallbehind落后falloverone'sfeet跌跤falldown掉下，跌倒fallback撤退，后退1)Babiesoftenfall_____whentheyarelearningtowalk.2)Ourteamseemstohavefallen__________theothers.3)Assoonastheenemiesfell__________,thepeoplereturnedtotheirvillage.4)Shefell__________thebenchandhadherlegbroken.（down,behind,back,over）9.goinfor从事，喜爱，参加gothrough通过，经受goover复习，检查goup（价格）上涨，建造起来goafter追捕，追赶goagainst违反goahead先行，开始吧，问吧，说吧goaway离开goby时间过去godown下沉，降低，（日、月）西沉goon(with)继续进行gowith相配，陪同gowithout没有，缺少goout外出，熄灭goallout全力以赴gooff爆炸，进行，变坏，断电，停止供应gobackon背约，食言gobeyond超出1)Manynewfactorieshavegone__inthepastfewyears.2)Rentshavegone__________greatlyrecently.3)Manyyearshavegone___________sincewefirstmet.4)Let'scontinueourjourneyuntilthesungoes_______.5)Hisactionswent___________thewillofthepeople,6)Ican'tdoit,foritgoes___________myduty.7)Over100studentswent____________thisentranceexamination.8)Thebombwent____________andkilledtenpeople.9)Thebuyerwent___________thecarcarefullybeforereachingadecision.10)Thistiedoesn'tgo___________myblueshirt.11)Ifyouthinkyoucansolvetheproblem,go______.12)Manystudentswent__________playingbasketball.(up,up,by,down,against,beyond,through,off,over,with,ahead,infor) 10.getdown下来，记下，使沮丧getdownto致力于，专心于geton进展，进步，穿上，上车getoff脱下,下车getin收集，插（话）getaway逃跑，逃脱，去休假getover忘记，越过，克服，从疾病中恢复getalongwith进展，相处getup起床getthrough打通电话，完成，通过getround消息传开getclosetosth.接近，几乎getinto(trouble)getto(know)getback取回，收回getout1)ShespokesofastthatIcouldn'tget____whathesaid.2)Wewillfindwaystoget_________difficulties.3)Thestoryhasgot__________,andeveryoneknowsaboutit.4)WhenIget_________withthereport,I'llgotothecinema.5)Afteradeliciousmealthetwomengot__________tobusiness.6)Don'talwaysget__________awordwhenothersarespeaking.7)Ittookmealongtimetoget___________suchanunpleasantexperience.(down,over,round,through,down,in,over)11.giveaway赠送，泄露，出卖giveout发出，疲劳，分发，公布giveoff发出（光、热、气体）givein(tosb.)屈服giveup放弃，让（座位）1)Hisaccentatlastgavehim__________.2)Theliquidgave________astrongsmell.3)Theheadmastergave___________thenamesoftheprize-winners.4)Thesoldiersgave_________thetowntotheenemies.5)Whowillhelpmetogivethebooks___________?6)Don'tbelieveinthosewhogivehisfriends________.7)Afteralongwalk,mystrengthgave____________.(away,off,out,up,out,away,out)12.handin交上，提交handout分发handdown流传，遗传13.hangabout闲逛hangup挂电话14.holdback阻止，隐瞒holdup举起，使停顿holdon别挂电话，等，坚持holdout持续，坚持，伸出holddown控制，镇压1)I'msureheisholdingsomething_________.2)Shemanagedtohold______heremotionuntilherguestshadleft.Thenshecried.3)Tellhimtohold________amoment.I'llcomesoon.4)Ourfoodsupplywon'thold_________formorethanafewdays.5)Thetrainwasheld________asaresultofthefloods.6)Thesemeasureshelpedtohold___________thecity'spopulation.7)Hold___________yourleftarm,please.(back,back,on,out,up,down,up)15.keepup(courage,English,spirits)保持，keepupwith跟上keepoff(grass)不接近，离开keepawayfrom避开，不接近，离…远远的keepoutofkeepto(rules,promise)坚持，遵守keepon继续，坚持下来keepback阻止，留下，隐瞒，扣下keepfrom克制，阻止1)Theangryladytoldthestrangerstokeep________fromher.2)Icanhardlykeep________mytearsafterhearinghiswords.3)Onlypridekepther__________burstingintotears.4)Icanscarcelykeep__________askinghimwhathehasdone.5)"Don'ttouchme,"screamedthewoman,"Keep__________!"6)Keep_________untilyousucceed.7)Keep_________yourcourage,andyou'llsucceedintheend.8)Thethickcoatcankeepthecold___________.9)Alwaystrytokeep___________theruleswhenyouplayagame.10)Ican'tkeep________witheverythingyou'redoing.(away,back,from,from,off,on,up,out,to,up)16.knockat/on敲knockinto撞到某人身上knockdown撞倒knockoutof把…敲出knockover撞倒knockoff停止工作，休息1)Theboxersoonknockedhisopponent_________.2)Theofficestuffknocks_________atsixeveryday.3)Tryknocking__________thewindowandseeifthereisanyoneindoors.4)Hewassoabsorbedinhisbookthatheknocked__________thecarparkedthere.(down,off,on,into)17.leavefor离开前往leaveout删去，遗漏leavebehind遗留,忘记拿走leaveto留给，遗嘱赠于leaveover遗留，剩下，延期1)"Whosenamehasbeenleft__________?"demandedtheteacher.2)Whenhedied,heleftallhisproperty_____hisniece.3)Hesuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthisumbrella___________.4)Don'tleavethismatter_________untiltomorrow.5)Leavesomemeat___________fortomorrow.6)Thosearequestionsleft_________byhistory.(out,to,behind,over,over,over)18.lookup查找，向上看lookthrough翻阅，浏览lookon旁观lookon…as看作lookinto调查lookafter/at/for照顾/看/寻找lookout(for)当心lookabout/around/round四下查看lookdownupon瞧不起lookbackupon回忆，回顾lookab.upanddown仔细打量某人lookabintheface/eyes直视某人1)Ispenttwohourslooking______thestudents'papers.2)Look_______!Thereisabigholeinfront.3)Hetookpartinthegame,andtherestofusjustlooked______andcheeredforhim.4)Theoldmanlooked_____uponthedaysofhisyouth.5)Shewassosnobbish（势利）thatshelooked__________uponallhisneighbours.6)Thepolicepromisedtolook__________thecaseassoonaspossible.7)Helooked__________butsawnobody,andhelistenedbuthearnothing.(through,out,on,back,down,into,about/around/round)19.makeup编造，配制，打扮，组成makeupfor弥补makeinto/of/from制成makeout弄懂，发现，看出,填写，开列（清单）makefor走向，驶往，促使1)Canyoumakethislengthofcloth__________asuit?2)Iaskedthedriverifhewasmaking___________London?3)Myfathermade__________acheckformetobuythecamera.4)Wemustmaketheloss_________nextweek./Hetriedhardtomake________forthedamagehehaddone.5)Hemade__________astory,whichIfoundhardtobelieve.6)Someoneiscoming,butIcan'tmake___________whoitis.(into,for,out,up/up,up,out)20.passaway去世passby经过passdown(on)…to传给passthrough经历passover漠视，忽视1)Theoldclockhasbeenpassed________tomefrommygrandfather'sgrandfather.2)Themanpassed___________lastweekinpeace.3)Wearepassing____________difficulttimes.4)Thesecretarypassed___________thedetailsinthefirstpartofhisreport.(down,away,through,over)21.payback还钱，报复payfor付钱，为…受到惩罚，因…得到报应payoff还清1)Howmuchdidyoupay__________thedictionary?2)Youshouldpay_________themoneyyouborrowedfromme.3)I'llpayhim____________forallhiscrimes(罪行)againstme.4)Someday,you'llpay__________whatyouhavedonetoday.5)Hasshepay____________thedebtyet?（for,back,back,for,off）22.pickup拾起，获得(information)，接人，站起，收听，自然习得(language/knowledge)，恢复重获(pickuphealth)pickout挑选，辨认，看出1)Ipickedtheinformation__________whilewaitinginthequeue.2)Myfriendhasarrangedtopickme_________at6:00.3)Thepatienthaspicked_________healthduringthelasttwoweeks.4)Shepicked_______themostexpensivepairofshoes.5)Ican'tpickJohn___________inthecrowd.6)CanIpick__________VOAwiththisshort-waveradio?7)Hefelldownsuddenly,butpickedhimself___________quickly.(up,up,up,out,out,up,up)pickcotton/flower/leaves/words选词23.putup搭起，张贴，举起，安装，投宿，安排住下putupwith忍受putout伸出，扑灭putoff推迟putinto放进，翻译putaway放好，存钱putdown记下，平息puton穿戴，上映，增加(putonweight/speed)putforward提出，提前putthrough接通电话putaside放到一边putback放回1)Heput_________halfhiswageeveryweek.2)Thegovernmentsoonput__________therevolt（暴乱）.3)Putyourwatch__________.It'sslow.4)Heput__________hishandformetoshake.5).Pleaseputme__________toExtension（分机）2.6)Weput___________fornightatthevillageinn.7)Heisveryproud,andheoftenput_________airs.（摆架子）8)Wehadatelephoneput_____________inouroffice.9)Ican'tput__________withyourlaziness.(away,down,forward,out,through,up,on,up,up)24.pulldown拆掉，推翻pullon匆匆穿上/off脱pullin进站pullout取出,(火车)离站pulldown往下拉,拆毁pullover驶到一边pullthrough恢复健康,渡过难关,脱离险境pullup（使）停住1)Thetrainslowlypulled__________anddisappearedinthedistance.2)Alltheoldhousesherehavenowbeenpulled______,andnewonesaretobebuilt.3)Thecarpulled_________whenIblewthehorn.4)Thedoctorthinksthemanwillpull__________.5)Thedriverpulled________atthetrafficlights.(out,down,over,through,up)25.pushover推倒，刮倒pushahead(on,forward)继续前进，坚持下去pushthrough排除困难办好谋事，努力设法通过，挤过1)We'vedecidedtopush__________withourplantobuildanewroad2)Manytreeswerepushed__________inthehurricane.3)Theyweredeterminedtopushthenewrules________atanycost..4)Takecarenottopushthebaby_________.5)Theypushed___________thecrowdandatlastreachedus.(on,over,through,over,through)26.runacross偶然碰到runafter追逐，追捕runaway逃跑runfor竞选runinto偶然碰到（困难）遇见（人），相撞runoutof用完1)Ifyoudrivesofast,you'llrun_________someonesomeday.2)Iran__________afriendofmineintheexhibition.3)Ourwaterhasrun__________.Canyoufillupsomemorebottles?4)Whydoyoualwaysrun__________adventure?5)Hedidn'twanttorun___________presidentthatyear.6)Inthatwayyouwillonlyrun__________difficulties.(into,across/into,out,after,for,into)27.seeoff送行seethrough看透，识破seeto照料，照管28.sendfor派人去请sendoff送行sendout发出（光亮）等sendup发射29.setup建立setoff出发，触发，引起setout动身，着手(todo)，陈述setabout开始着手(doing)settowork(n.)开始做setback拨回，使推迟1)Ishallsetmywatch___________byfiveminutes.2)Weset__________readingthetextaloudimmediatelythebellrang.3)Weset_________atdaybreakyesterdayandwe'vebeentravellingeversincethen.4)Iset__________toadvisehimnottodrink.5)Whatwerethereasonsheset___________inhisreport?6)Thepresidentset__________aspecialgroupofsoldierstoguardhim.7)Theunpopularlawset_________aseriesofprotests.（抗议）(back,about,off/out,out,out,up,off)30.takeoff脱掉，起飞takeon呈现雇佣takeaway拿走takein吸收，领会takeup从事，占用（时间空间）takedown记录，取下takeback收回takefor误认为takealong随身带takeover接管takeout1)Itake_________allIsaidabouthisdishonesty.2)Hewenttotheshelfandtook__________abookofpoems.3)AtfirstItookhim_________adoctor.4)Icanseethatmostofyouhavetaken________everythingthattheteachertaught.5)Billhasnowtaken__________hisfather'sbusiness.6)Myjobtakes__________mostofmytime.7)Thebosstook____________twentypeopleforhisnewcompany.(back,down,for,in,over,up,on)takechargeof负责,takesth.forgranted想当然,takeholdof抓住,takepridein以………为自豪,taketheplaceof,代替taketurnstodo轮流做,takeoffice就职31.thinkof想起thinkof…as把…看作thinkout想出thinkup想出thinkabout考虑thinkover仔细考虑thinkwellofsb.对某人看法好32.turnoff/on打开turnover翻身，反复考虑，翻（书页），翻转turnout证明为，结果，制造成品turnto转向，求助turndown调低，拒绝turnagainst变得敌视，反对turnaway打发走，驱逐，转过脸去turnback返回，转回去turnround转过身来turnup向上翻，露面，出现，音量调大turnin上缴turnupsidedown把倒置，弄得乱七八糟1)Thechildturned__________itsmotherforcomfort.2)Turn___________andletmeseeyourface.3)Howevermuchheturnedtheproblem________inmind,hecouldfindnosatisfactorysolution.4)TheEnglisheveningpartyturned_________agreatsuccess.5)Thesightoftheaccidentwastoomuchforhertobear,andsheturned_______.6)Thefootballstadiumwasfull,andmanypeoplehadtobeturned__________.7)Thearmyturnedhim___________onaccountof(因为)hispoorhealth.8)Sheturnedthewholehouse___________inhersearchforhermissingpurse.9)Wheredidyourpurseturn____________?Ifounditinthesnow.10)Thevillagerssuddenlyturned__________theforeignerswholivednearby.11)Thefactoryturns____________2000newcarslastyear.(to,round,over,out,away,away,down,upsidedown,up,against,out)12。
(完整版)仁爱版初中英语语法大全
英语语法网络图一．名词I. 名词的种类：II. 名词的数：1. 规则名词的复数形式：名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。
现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下：2. 不规则名词复数：英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的，现归纳如下：III. 名词的所有格：名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。
所有格分两种：一是名词词尾加’s构成，二是由介词of加名词构成。
前者多表示有生命的东西，后者多表示无生命的东西。
1. ’s所有格的构成：2. ’s所有格的用法：3. of所有格的用法：用于无生命的东西：the legs of the chair, the cover of the book用于有生命的东西，尤其是有较长定语时：the classrooms of the first-year students用于名词化的词：the struggle of the oppressed二．冠词冠词分为不定冠词（a, an），定冠词（the），和零冠词。
I. 不定冠词的用法：II. 定冠词的用法：III. 零冠词的用法：三．代词：I. 代词可以分为以下七大类：II. 不定代词用法注意点：1. one, some与any:1) one可以泛指任何人，也可特指，复数为ones。
some多用于肯定句，any多用于疑问句和否定句。
One should learn to think of others.Have you any bookmarks? No, I don’t have any bookmarks.I have some questions to ask.2) some可用于疑问句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答复，或者表示建议，请求等。
Would you like some bananas? Could you give me some money?3) some 和any修饰可数名词单数时，some表示某个，any表示任何一个。
(完整版)仁爱版初中英语语法(归纳),推荐文档
leaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, loaf-loaves, wifewives belief-beliefs, chief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs, gulfgulfs
4 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的名词，变 y 为 i 加-es
Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese Englishmen, Frenchwomen
8 合成名 将主体名词变为复数
sons-in-law, lookers-on, passers-by, story-tellers, boy friends
无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复
husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night
8 表示泛指的复数名词前
Horses are useful animals.
三．代词： I. 代词可以分为以下七大类：
人称 主格 1
代词 宾格
I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them
party-parties, family-families, story-stories, city-cities
以元音字母加 y 结尾的名词，或专有名词以 y 结
5
toy-toys, boy-boys, day-days, ray-rays, Henry-Henrys
尾的，加-s
一般加-es
以辅音字母加-o 结
5
作复数（成员）
government, population, crew, team, public, enemy, party
(完整版)仁爱版初中英语语法(归纳),推荐文档
4 表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前
Lincoln was made President of America.
5 学科，语言，球类，棋类名词前
He likes playing football/chess.
6 与 by 连用表示交通工具的名词前
by train, by air, by land
7 以 and 连接的两个相对的名词并用时
一．名词 I. 名词的种类：
专有名词 国名.地名.人名， 团体.机构名称
仁爱版初中英语语法
普通名词 可数名词 个体名词
集体名词
不可数名词 抽象名词
物质名词
II. 名词的数： 1. 规则名词的复数形式： 名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s 或-es。现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下：
规则
例词
1 一般情况在词尾加-s
We are nearly of an age.
用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人A Mr. Smith came to visit you when you were out
5
有类似性质的人或事
That boy is rather a Lei Feng.
6 用于固定词组中
A couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time
单数名词在末尾加’s
the boy’s father, Jack’s book, her son-in-law’s photo,
复数名词
一般在末尾加’ 不规则复数名词后加’s
the teachers’ room, the twins’ mother, the children’s toys, women’s rights,
仁爱版重点初中英语语法大全 (2)
19.?Nowherehastheworldeverseensuchabirdashere.20.Itisnousecryingforhelp.21.?IfonlyIhadbeenyourstudentinthemiddleschool!22.?Itisbelievedthatsuchathingwillnothappenagain.23.?OnlywhenheexplaineddidIrealizethereasonforthis.24.?“Heworksparticularlyhard.”?“Sohedoes,andsodoyou.”25.NotonlyAlicebutalsoJaneandMaryaretiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.26.SuchwasAlbertEinstein,asimplepersonofgreatachievements.??十五。
动词搭配1.addto增加，增进?add…to把…加进…?addup相加?addupto总计，所有这一切说明?1)Idon'tthinkthesefactswill________anything.?2)Fiftynewbookshavebeen________thelibrary.?3)Themusic_________ourenjoymentofthefilm.?4)Youmusthavemadeamistakewhenyou_______thebill________.?(addupto,addedto,addto,added…up)2.breakawayfrom打破，脱离，挣脱，改掉?breakdown出毛病，身体(精神)衰弱，分解，拆开?breakoff暂停，中断?breakin强行进入，插话?breakinto闯入breakintopieces成为碎片?breakout爆发?breakup捣碎，驱散，瓦解，学期结束，拆散?breakthrough突破?1)Thecriminalmanagedtobreak_______?______thepoliceandranintothewoods. ?2)Whenheheardthenews,hebroke_______andcried.?3)Don'tbreak________whileothersarespeaking.?4)Whydon'tyoubreak________forafewminutesandhavesomecoffee??5)Whendoesschoolbreak________??6)Afterharvestwebreak_________thesoilwithatoolpulledbytwooxen.?(awayfrom,down,in,off,up,up)3.bringup抚养，呕吐，提出?bringabout造成?bringout拿出，出版?bringin引入，引进，挣钱?bringback使回想起?bringdown使下降，使倒下?1)Theshopkeeperbroughthisprice_________toonlyfivedollars.?2)Theschoolhasbrought_________newforeignteacherstoteachoralEnglish. ?3)Thesongbrought___________happymemoriesofourschooldays.?4)Doyouknowwhatbrought___________thismisunderstanding??5)Thekindoldmanagreedtobring__________theyoungorphan.?6)Wedecidedtobringthematter___atthenextmeeting.?7)Thewindbrought_______alotoftreeslastnight.?8)Nextmonththeywill?bring________aneweditionof?thebook.(down,in,back,about,up,up,down,out)4.callon号召，拜访（某人）callat拜访、参观（某地）callfor去叫某人,要求,需要callup使回忆起,征召入伍callin召集，请某人来callout大喊，高叫calloff取消，不举行1)Doctorsareoftencalled_____inthemiddleofthewar.2)Pleasewaitformeathome.I'llcall_______youatyourhouseatseventonight.3)Thetrainscalls_______severalbigcitiesbetweenBeijingandGuangzhou.4)Hecalledhername__________,butshedidn'tanswer.5)Thesportsmeetwascalled____onaccountoftherain.(in,for,at,out,off)eabout发生，出现comedown下跌，落，降，传下来comein进来comeinto(sight/being/existence/use/notice/effect)comeon来临/快点comeout出版，结果是comealong一道来，赶快cometo达到(anend/anagreement/astop)苏醒，合计，总共是comeover走过来comeup发芽，走近comeacross偶然碰到comeback回想起comefrom来自，源自1)Icome_________thebookIlentyoulastmonth.2)Howdiditcome_________thatyoubothgotlost?Ithoughtyouhadamap.3)Itsuddenlycame_________tomewhereIhadseentheboybefore.4)Come__________now,orelseweshallbelate.5)Hecame__________melikeatiger.6)Thepriceofpetrolhascome_________sincethebeginningofthisyear.7)Thewordcame__________usemanyyearsago.8)Whentheexaminationresultcame_________,hehadalreadygotajob.9)Thebillcame__________overathousanddollars.10)Isowedtheseedsoveramonthago,buttheyhaven'tcome__________yet.(for,about,back,on,at,down,into,out,to,up)6.cutacross抄近路cutdown砍倒，削减cutoff切断，割掉，断绝关系cutup连根拔除，切碎through剪断，凿穿cutout删（省）掉，戒掉cutin插嘴1)Don'tcut___thistree.Itwillbeveryshadyinsummer.2)Youmustcut________thenumberofcigarettesyousmoke,oritwillcauseillness.3)Wedecidedtocut_________themoor（旷野）tothevillage.4)Cuttingthetree____meanscuttingthetreeintopieces.5)Theelectricitywascut___________whentheladyrefusedtopaythebill.6)WewerehavingapleasantconversationwhenTomcut__________.（down,down,across,up,off,in）7.dieof(disease/hunger/grief/oldage)死于（疾病，饥饿，寒冷，情感原因）diefrom死于（意外事故、情形）dieaway渐渐消逝dieout绝种diedown(炉火)渐熄dieoff逐一死去8.fallbehind落后falloverone'sfeet跌跤falldown掉下，跌倒fallback撤退，后退1)Babiesoftenfall_____whentheyarelearningtowalk.2)Ourteamseemstohavefallen__________theothers.3)Assoonastheenemiesfell__________,thepeoplereturnedtotheirvillage.4)Shefell__________thebenchandhadherlegbroken.（down,behind,back,over）9.goinfor从事，喜爱，参加gothrough通过，经受goover复习，检查goup（价格）上涨，建造起来goafter追捕，追赶goagainst违反goahead先行，开始吧，问吧，说吧goaway离开goby时间过去godown下沉，降低，（日、月）西沉goon(with)继续进行gowith相配，陪同gowithout没有，缺少goout外出，熄灭goallout全力以赴gooff爆炸，进行，变坏，断电，停止供应gobackon背约，食言gobeyond超出1)Manynewfactorieshavegone__inthepastfewyears.2)Rentshavegone__________greatlyrecently.3)Manyyearshavegone___________sincewefirstmet.4)Let'scontinueourjourneyuntilthesungoes_______.5)Hisactionswent___________thewillofthepeople,6)Ican'tdoit,foritgoes___________myduty.7)Over100studentswent____________thisentranceexamination.8)Thebombwent____________andkilledtenpeople.9)Thebuyerwent___________thecarcarefullybeforereachingadecision.10)Thistiedoesn'tgo___________myblueshirt.11)Ifyouthinkyoucansolvetheproblem,go______.12)Manystudentswent__________playingbasketball.(up,up,by,down,against,beyond,through,off,over,with,ahead,infor) 10.getdown下来，记下，使沮丧getdownto致力于，专心于geton进展，进步，穿上，上车getoff脱下,下车getin收集，插（话）getaway逃跑，逃脱，去休假getover忘记，越过，克服，从疾病中恢复getalongwith进展，相处getup起床getthrough打通电话，完成，通过getround消息传开getclosetosth.接近，几乎getinto(trouble)getto(know)getback取回，收回getout1)ShespokesofastthatIcouldn'tget____whathesaid.2)Wewillfindwaystoget_________difficulties.3)Thestoryhasgot__________,andeveryoneknowsaboutit.4)WhenIget_________withthereport,I'llgotothecinema.5)Afteradeliciousmealthetwomengot__________tobusiness.6)Don'talwaysget__________awordwhenothersarespeaking.7)Ittookmealongtimetoget___________suchanunpleasantexperience.(down,over,round,through,down,in,over)11.giveaway赠送，泄露，出卖giveout发出，疲劳，分发，公布giveoff发出（光、热、气体）givein(tosb.)屈服giveup放弃，让（座位）1)Hisaccentatlastgavehim__________.2)Theliquidgave________astrongsmell.3)Theheadmastergave___________thenamesoftheprize-winners.4)Thesoldiersgave_________thetowntotheenemies.5)Whowillhelpmetogivethebooks___________?6)Don'tbelieveinthosewhogivehisfriends________.7)Afteralongwalk,mystrengthgave____________.(away,off,out,up,out,away,out)12.handin交上，提交handout分发handdown流传，遗传13.hangabout闲逛hangup挂电话14.holdback阻止，隐瞒holdup举起，使停顿holdon别挂电话，等，坚持holdout持续，坚持，伸出holddown控制，镇压1)I'msureheisholdingsomething_________.2)Shemanagedtohold______heremotionuntilherguestshadleft.Thenshecried.3)Tellhimtohold________amoment.I'llcomesoon.4)Ourfoodsupplywon'thold_________formorethanafewdays.5)Thetrainwasheld________asaresultofthefloods.6)Thesemeasureshelpedtohold___________thecity'spopulation.7)Hold___________yourleftarm,please.(back,back,on,out,up,down,up)15.keepup(courage,English,spirits)保持，keepupwith跟上keepoff(grass)不接近，离开keepawayfrom避开，不接近，离…远远的keepoutofkeepto(rules,promise)坚持，遵守keepon继续，坚持下来keepback阻止，留下，隐瞒，扣下keepfrom克制，阻止1)Theangryladytoldthestrangerstokeep________fromher.2)Icanhardlykeep________mytearsafterhearinghiswords.3)Onlypridekepther__________burstingintotears.4)Icanscarcelykeep__________askinghimwhathehasdone.5)"Don'ttouchme,"screamedthewoman,"Keep__________!"6)Keep_________untilyousucceed.7)Keep_________yourcourage,andyou'llsucceedintheend.8)Thethickcoatcankeepthecold___________.9)Alwaystrytokeep___________theruleswhenyouplayagame.10)Ican'tkeep________witheverythingyou'redoing.(away,back,from,from,off,on,up,out,to,up)16.knockat/on敲knockinto撞到某人身上knockdown撞倒knockoutof把…敲出knockover撞倒knockoff停止工作，休息1)Theboxersoonknockedhisopponent_________.2)Theofficestuffknocks_________atsixeveryday.3)Tryknocking__________thewindowandseeifthereisanyoneindoors.4)Hewassoabsorbedinhisbookthatheknocked__________thecarparkedthere.(down,off,on,into)17.leavefor离开前往leaveout删去，遗漏leavebehind遗留,忘记拿走leaveto留给，遗嘱赠于leaveover遗留，剩下，延期1)"Whosenamehasbeenleft__________?"demandedtheteacher.2)Whenhedied,heleftallhisproperty_____hisniece.3)Hesuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthisumbrella___________.4)Don'tleavethismatter_________untiltomorrow.5)Leavesomemeat___________fortomorrow.6)Thosearequestionsleft_________byhistory.(out,to,behind,over,over,over)18.lookup查找，向上看lookthrough翻阅，浏览lookon旁观lookon…as看作lookinto调查lookafter/at/for照顾/看/寻找lookout(for)当心lookabout/around/round四下查看lookdownupon瞧不起lookbackupon回忆，回顾lookab.upanddown仔细打量某人lookabintheface/eyes直视某人1)Ispenttwohourslooking______thestudents'papers.2)Look_______!Thereisabigholeinfront.3)Hetookpartinthegame,andtherestofusjustlooked______andcheeredforhim.4)Theoldmanlooked_____uponthedaysofhisyouth.5)Shewassosnobbish（势利）thatshelooked__________uponallhisneighbours.6)Thepolicepromisedtolook__________thecaseassoonaspossible.7)Helooked__________butsawnobody,andhelistenedbuthearnothing.(through,out,on,back,down,into,about/around/round)19.makeup编造，配制，打扮，组成makeupfor弥补makeinto/of/from制成makeout弄懂，发现，看出,填写，开列（清单）makefor走向，驶往，促使1)Canyoumakethislengthofcloth__________asuit?2)Iaskedthedriverifhewasmaking___________London?3)Myfathermade__________acheckformetobuythecamera.4)Wemustmaketheloss_________nextweek./Hetriedhardtomake________forthedamagehehaddone.5)Hemade__________astory,whichIfoundhardtobelieve.6)Someoneiscoming,butIcan'tmake___________whoitis.(into,for,out,up/up,up,out)20.passaway去世passby经过passdown(on)…to传给passthrough经历passover漠视，忽视1)Theoldclockhasbeenpassed________tomefrommygrandfather'sgrandfather.2)Themanpassed___________lastweekinpeace.3)Wearepassing____________difficulttimes.4)Thesecretarypassed___________thedetailsinthefirstpartofhisreport.(down,away,through,over)21.payback还钱，报复payfor付钱，为…受到惩罚，因…得到报应payoff还清1)Howmuchdidyoupay__________thedictionary?2)Youshouldpay_________themoneyyouborrowedfromme.3)I'llpayhim____________forallhiscrimes(罪行)againstme.4)Someday,you'llpay__________whatyouhavedonetoday.5)Hasshepay____________thedebtyet?（for,back,back,for,off）22.pickup拾起，获得(information)，接人，站起，收听，自然习得(language/knowledge)，恢复重获(pickuphealth)pickout挑选，辨认，看出1)Ipickedtheinformation__________whilewaitinginthequeue.2)Myfriendhasarrangedtopickme_________at6:00.3)Thepatienthaspicked_________healthduringthelasttwoweeks.4)Shepicked_______themostexpensivepairofshoes.5)Ican'tpickJohn___________inthecrowd.6)CanIpick__________VOAwiththisshort-waveradio?7)Hefelldownsuddenly,butpickedhimself___________quickly.(up,up,up,out,out,up,up)pickcotton/flower/leaves/words选词23.putup搭起，张贴，举起，安装，投宿，安排住下putupwith忍受putout伸出，扑灭putoff推迟putinto放进，翻译putaway放好，存钱putdown记下，平息puton穿戴，上映，增加(putonweight/speed)putforward提出，提前putthrough接通电话putaside放到一边putback放回1)Heput_________halfhiswageeveryweek.2)Thegovernmentsoonput__________therevolt（暴乱）.3)Putyourwatch__________.It'sslow.4)Heput__________hishandformetoshake.5).Pleaseputme__________toExtension（分机）2.6)Weput___________fornightatthevillageinn.7)Heisveryproud,andheoftenput_________airs.（摆架子）8)Wehadatelephoneput_____________inouroffice.9)Ican'tput__________withyourlaziness.(away,down,forward,out,through,up,on,up,up)24.pulldown拆掉，推翻pullon匆匆穿上/off脱pullin进站pullout取出,(火车)离站pulldown往下拉,拆毁pullover驶到一边pullthrough恢复健康,渡过难关,脱离险境pullup（使）停住1)Thetrainslowlypulled__________anddisappearedinthedistance.2)Alltheoldhousesherehavenowbeenpulled______,andnewonesaretobebuilt.3)Thecarpulled_________whenIblewthehorn.4)Thedoctorthinksthemanwillpull__________.5)Thedriverpulled________atthetrafficlights.(out,down,over,through,up)25.pushover推倒，刮倒pushahead(on,forward)继续前进，坚持下去pushthrough排除困难办好谋事，努力设法通过，挤过1)We'vedecidedtopush__________withourplantobuildanewroad2)Manytreeswerepushed__________inthehurricane.3)Theyweredeterminedtopushthenewrules________atanycost..4)Takecarenottopushthebaby_________.5)Theypushed___________thecrowdandatlastreachedus.(on,over,through,over,through)26.runacross偶然碰到runafter追逐，追捕runaway逃跑runfor竞选runinto偶然碰到（困难）遇见（人），相撞runoutof用完1)Ifyoudrivesofast,you'llrun_________someonesomeday.2)Iran__________afriendofmineintheexhibition.3)Ourwaterhasrun__________.Canyoufillupsomemorebottles?4)Whydoyoualwaysrun__________adventure?5)Hedidn'twanttorun___________presidentthatyear.6)Inthatwayyouwillonlyrun__________difficulties.(into,across/into,out,after,for,into)27.seeoff送行seethrough看透，识破seeto照料，照管28.sendfor派人去请sendoff送行sendout发出（光亮）等sendup发射29.setup建立setoff出发，触发，引起setout动身，着手(todo)，陈述setabout开始着手(doing)settowork(n.)开始做setback拨回，使推迟1)Ishallsetmywatch___________byfiveminutes.2)Weset__________readingthetextaloudimmediatelythebellrang.3)Weset_________atdaybreakyesterdayandwe'vebeentravellingeversincethen.4)Iset__________toadvisehimnottodrink.5)Whatwerethereasonsheset___________inhisreport?6)Thepresidentset__________aspecialgroupofsoldierstoguardhim.7)Theunpopularlawset_________aseriesofprotests.（抗议）(back,about,off/out,out,out,up,off)30.takeoff脱掉，起飞takeon呈现雇佣takeaway拿走takein吸收，领会takeup从事，占用（时间空间）takedown记录，取下takeback收回takefor误认为takealong随身带takeover接管takeout1)Itake_________allIsaidabouthisdishonesty.2)Hewenttotheshelfandtook__________abookofpoems.3)AtfirstItookhim_________adoctor.4)Icanseethatmostofyouhavetaken________everythingthattheteachertaught.5)Billhasnowtaken__________hisfather'sbusiness.6)Myjobtakes__________mostofmytime.7)Thebosstook____________twentypeopleforhisnewcompany.(back,down,for,in,over,up,on)takechargeof负责,takesth.forgranted想当然,takeholdof抓住,takepridein以………为自豪,taketheplaceof,代替taketurnstodo轮流做,takeoffice就职31.thinkof想起thinkof…as把…看作thinkout想出thinkup想出thinkabout考虑thinkover仔细考虑thinkwellofsb.对某人看法好32.turnoff/on打开turnover翻身，反复考虑，翻（书页），翻转turnout证明为，结果，制造成品turnto转向，求助turndown调低，拒绝turnagainst变得敌视，反对turnaway打发走，驱逐，转过脸去turnback返回，转回去turnround转过身来turnup向上翻，露面，出现，音量调大turnin上缴turnupsidedown把倒置，弄得乱七八糟1)Thechildturned__________itsmotherforcomfort.2)Turn___________andletmeseeyourface.3)Howevermuchheturnedtheproblem________inmind,hecouldfindnosatisfactorysolution.4)TheEnglisheveningpartyturned_________agreatsuccess.5)Thesightoftheaccidentwastoomuchforhertobear,andsheturned_______.6)Thefootballstadiumwasfull,andmanypeoplehadtobeturned__________.7)Thearmyturnedhim___________onaccountof(因为)hispoorhealth.8)Sheturnedthewholehouse___________inhersearchforhermissingpurse.9)Wheredidyourpurseturn____________?Ifounditinthesnow.10)Thevillagerssuddenlyturned__________theforeignerswholivednearby.11)Thefactoryturns____________2000newcarslastyear.(to,round,over,out,away,away,down,upsidedown,up,against,out)12。
最新仁爱版初中英语语法(归纳)
仁爱版初中英语语法汇总一．名词I. 名词的种类：II. 名词的数：1. 规则名词的复数形式：名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。
现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下：2. 不规则名词复数：英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的，现归纳如下：III. 名词的所有格：名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。
所有格分两种：一是名词词尾加’s构成，二是由介词of加名词构成。
前者多表示有生命的东西，后者多表示无生命的东西。
1. ’s所有格的构成：2. ’s所有格的用法：3. of所有格的用法：用于无生命的东西：the legs of the chair, the cover of the book用于有生命的东西，尤其是有较长定语时：the classrooms of the first-year students用于名词化的词：the struggle of the oppressed二．冠词冠词分为不定冠词（a, an），定冠词（the），和零冠词。
I. 不定冠词的用法：II. 定冠词的用法：III. 零冠词的用法：三．代词：I. 代词可以分为以下七大类：II. 不定代词用法注意点：1. one, some与any:1) one可以泛指任何人，也可特指，复数为ones。
some多用于肯定句，any多用于疑问句和否定句。
One should learn to think of others.Have you any bookmarks? No, I don’t have any bookmarks.I have some questions to ask.2) some可用于疑问句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答复，或者表示建议，请求等。
Would you like some bananas? Could you give me some money?3) some 和any修饰可数名词单数时，some表示某个，any表示任何一个。
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[指南]仁爱版初中英语语法大全仁爱版初中英语语法大全仁爱版初中英语语法大全11. 动词的时态11.1 一般现在时的用法1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。
时间状语: every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。
例如: I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。
2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。
例如: The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。
Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。
3) 表示格言或警句。
例如: Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。
注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
例:Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。
4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。
例如: I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。
Ann writes good English but does not speakwell. 安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。
比较:Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。
I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课。
第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。
第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。
返回动词的时态目录11.2 一般过去时的用法1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。
例如:时间状语有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。
例如: Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了,2)表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。
例如: When Iwas a child, I often played football in the street. 我是个孩子的时候，常在马路上踢足球。
Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. 那时，布朗一家无论什么时候去，都受到热烈欢迎。
3)句型:It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了"。
例如:It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。
It istime that sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了" ，例如It istime you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。
would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'宁愿某人做某事'。
例如:I'd rather you came tomorrow.还是明天来吧。
4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等，而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。
例如:I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。
比较:Christine was an invalid all her life.(含义:她已不在人间。
) Christine has been an invalid all her life.(含义:她现在还活着) Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years.(含义:达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。
) Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含义:现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去) 注意: 用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。
1)动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。
例如: Did youwant anything else? 您还要些什么吗, I wondered if you could help me. 能不能帮我一下。
2)情态动词 could, would。
例如: Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行车，能借用一些吗, 返回动词的时态目录11.3 used to / be used to used to + do:"过去常常"表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不存在。
例如: Mother used not to be so forgetful. 老妈过去没那么健忘。
Scarf used to take a walk. 斯卡夫过去常常散步。
be used to + doing: 对……已感到习惯，或"习惯于"，to是介词，后需加名词或动名词。
例如: He is usedto a vegetarian diet. Scarf is used to taking a walk. 斯卡夫现在已习惯于散步了。
典型例题 ---- Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it. ---- It's 69568442. A. didn't B. couldn'tC. don'tD. can't 答案A. 本句虽没有明确的时间状语，但从语意上看出，在听的时候没有听懂这个动作发生在过去，因此应用过去时。
返回动词的时态目录11.4 一般将来时1) shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。
will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。
例如: Which paragraphshall I read first, 我先读哪一段呢, Will you be at home at seventhis evening? 今晚七点回家好吗,2) be going to +不定式，表示将来。
a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。
例如:What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢,b. 计划，安排要发生的事。
例如:The play is going to be produced next month。
这出戏下月开播。
c. 有迹象要发生的事。
例如:Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云，快要下雨了。
3) be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。
例如: We areto discuss the report next Saturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。
4) be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。
例如: He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。
注意:be about to do 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。
返回动词的时态目录11.5 be going to / will 用于条件句时，be going to表将来,will表意愿。
例如: If you are going to make a journey, you'd betterget ready for it as soon as possible. Now if you will take offyour clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front ofthe mirror. 返回动词的时态目录11.6 be to和be going to be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事，be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。
例如: I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我去踢球。
(客观安排) I'mgoing to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我想去踢球。
(主观安排) 返回动词的时态目录11.7 一般现在时表将来1)下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。
例如: The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。
When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes.汽车什么时候开,十分钟后。
2)以here, there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。
例如: Herecomes the bus. = The bus is coming. 车来了。
There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 铃响了。
3)在时间或条件句中。
例如: When Bill comes (不是will come),ask him to wait for me. 比尔来后，让他等我。
I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里，就写信给你。
4)在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等的宾语从句中。
例如:I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他们下星期玩得开心。
Make sure that the windows are closed before you leavethe room. 离开房间前，务必把窗户关了。
返回动词的时态目录11.8 用现在进行时表示将来下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等现在进行时可以表示将来。
例如: I'mleaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。
Are you staying here till next week? 你会在这儿呆到下周吗, 返回动词的时态目录11.9 现在完成时现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的影响现在还存在;也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。