ISBP681

International Standard Banking Practicefor the Examination of Documents under Documentary Credits 关于审核跟单信用证项下单据的国际标准银行实务(ISBP)(2007年修订本,适应UCP600)Preliminary Considerations开证前问题The Application and Issuance of the Credit信用证的申请和开立1、The terms of a credit are independent of the underlying transaction even if a credit expressly refers to that transaction. To avoid unnecessary costs, delays, and disputes in the examination of documents, however, the applicant and beneficiary should carefully consider which documents should be required, by whom they should be produced and the time frame for presentation.1、信用证条款独立于基础交易，即使信用证明确提及了基础交易。

但是，为避免在审单时发生不必要的费用、延误和争议，开证申请人和受益人应当仔细考虑要求何种单据、单据由谁出具和提交单据的期限。

2、The applicant bears the risk of any ambiguity in its instructions to issue or amend a credit. Unless expressly stated otherwise, a request to issue or amend a credit authorizes an issuing bank to supplement or develop the terms in a manner necessary or desirable to permit the use of the credit.2、开证申请人承担其有关开立或修改信用证的指示不明确所导致的风险。

除非另有明确规定，开立或修改信用证的申请即意味着授权开证行以必要或适宜的方式补充或细化信用证的条款，以使信用证得以使用.3、The applicant should be aware that UCP 600 contains articles such as 3, 14, 19, 20, 21,23, 24, 28(i), 30 and 31 that define terms in a manner that may produce unexpected results unless the applicant fully acquaints itself with these provisions. For example, a credit requiring presentation of a bill of lading and containing a prohibition against transhipment will, in most cases, have to exclude UCP 600 sub-article 20(c) to make the prohibition against transhipment effective.3、开证申请人应当注意，UCP600 的许多条文，诸如第3 条、第14 条、第19 条、第20 条、第21 条、第23 条、第24 条、第28（i）条、第30 条和第31 条，其对术语的界定可能导致出乎预料的结果，除非开证申请人对些规定充分熟悉。

例如，在多数情况下，要求提交提单而且禁止转运的信用证必须排除UCP600 第20 条（c）款的适用，才能使禁止转运发生效力。

4、A credit should not require presentation of documents that are to be issued or countersigned by the applicant. If a credit is issued including such terms, the beneficiary must either seek amendment or comply with them and bear the risk of failure to do so.4、信用证不应规定提交由开证申请人出具或副签的单据。

如果信用证含有此类条款，则受益人要么要求修改信用证，或者遵守该条款并承担无法满足这一要求的风险。

5、Many of the problems that arise at the examination stage could be avoided or resolved by careful attention to detail in the underlying transaction, the credit application and issuance of the credit as discussed.5、如果对基础交易、开证申请和信用证开立的细节多加注意，在审单过程中出现的许多问题都能得以避免或解决。

General Principles一般原则Abbreviations缩略语6、The use of generally accepted abbreviations, for example “Ltd.”instead of ―Limited‖,―Int‘l‖ instead of ―International‖, ―Co.‖instead of ―Company‖, ―kgs‖ or “kos.”instead of “kilos”, “Ind”instead of “Industry”, “mfr”instead of ―manufacturer‖ or ―mt‖ instead of ―metric tons‖ – or vice versa – does not make a document discrepant.6、使用普遍认可的缩略语不导致单据不符. 例如，用―Ltd.‖代替―Limited‖（有限），用―Int‘l‖代替―International‖（国际），用―Co.‖代替―Company‖（公司），用―kgs‖或―kos.‖代替―kilos‖（千克），用―Ind‖代替―Industry‖（工业），用―mfr‖代替―manufacturer‖（制造商），用―mt‖代替―metric tons‖（公吨）。

反过来，用全称代替缩略语也不导致单据不符。

7、Virgules (slash marks “/”) may have different meanings, and unless apparent in the context used, should not be used as a substitute for a word.7、斜线（―/‖）可能有不同的含义，不应用来替代词语，除非在上下文中可以明了其含义。

Certifications and declarations证明和声明8、A certification, declaration or the like may either be a separate document or contained within another document as required by the credit. If the certification or declaration appears in another document which is signed and dated, any certification or declaration appearing on that document does not require a separate signature or date if the certification or declaration appears to have been given by the same entity that issued and signed the document.8、证明或声明之类既可以是单独的单据，也可以在信用证要求的其他单据中载明。

如果证明或声明载于另一份有签字和日期的单据里，只要该证明或声明看似由出具和签署该单据的同一人作出，则该声明或证明无须另行签字或加注日期。

Corrections and alterations更正与更改9、Corrections and alterations of information or data in documents, other than documents createdby the beneficiary, must appear to be authenticated by the party who issued the document or by a party authorized by the issuer to do so. Corrections and alterations in documents which have been legalized, visaed, certified or similar, must appear to be authenticated by the party who legalized, visaed, certified etc., the document. The authentication must show by whom the authentication has been made and include the signature or initials of that party. If the authentication appears to have been made by a party other than the issuer of the document, the authentication must clearly show in which capacity that party has authenticated the correction or alteration.9、除了由受益人制作的单据外，对其他单据中的信息或数据的更正和更改必须看似经单据出具人或其授权之人证实。