地震英语
有关地震的常用英语词汇大全4-21
盘点：有关地震的常用英语词汇大全英语中表示地震的名词有：earthquake、quake、shake、shock、tremor和temblor (此词为美语) 英语中表示地震的动词(即意为“地震发生于……”的动词)有：hit 袭击，打击，使遭受strike 突然发生shake 摇；摇动；摇撼jolt 使颠簸，摇晃rock 摇，摇动，使振动roll across 波动，起伏，横摇rip through 裂开，破开；突进，横撞直闯形容地震的破坏程度的动词有(按破换程度从小到大排序)：damage 损害，损伤；〔口语〕伤害，毁坏destroy 毁坏，破坏；摧残shatter 破坏；捣毁；破灭devastate 蹂躏，破坏；使荒废；毁灭level 推倒，夷平flatten 夷为平地地震学相关词汇：seismological 地震学上的seismology 地震学seismograph 地震仪seismographer 地震学家aftershock 余震smaller tremors 小地震epicenter 震中magnitude 震级Richter Scale(1—10) 里氏震级earthquake monitoring 地震监控tsunami 海啸tsunami warning system 海啸预警系统tidal waves 潮汐波，浪潮natural disaster 自然灾害tragedy 灾难wreckage 残骸death toll 死亡人数survivors 幸存者victims 受灾者international contributions 国际援助evacuation 撤离英语学习材料实用口语：六句话让挂电话不再难1、如果打电话的人非常熟悉，可以说一句来结束通话。
Is there anything else I can do for you？还有什么我可以帮忙的吗？2、如果你认识对方家人不太熟悉的话，不妨加上这样的问候：Say hello to your folks。
防震减灾英语
防震减灾英语地震是一种自然灾害，它不仅会带来人员伤亡和财产损失，还会对社会经济发展造成严重影响。
因此，防震减灾工作变得极为重要。
在这篇文章中，我们将探讨防震减灾的英语词汇和表达方式。
1. 防震减灾基础词汇（1）地震 Earthquake（2）地震震级 Magnitude of earthquake（3）震中 Epicenter（4）余震 Aftershock（5）地震预警 Earthquake warning（6）地震监测 Earthquake monitoring（7）地震预测 Earthquake prediction（8）地震响应 Emergency response to earthquake（9）紧急救援 Emergency rescue（10）避难所 Shelter2. 防震减灾常用表达（1）We should always be prepared for earthquakes. 我们应该时刻准备地震。
（2）Earthquakes can strike at any time, so we need to take precautions. 地震随时可能发生，因此我们需要采取预防措施。
（3）During an earthquake, stay calm and find a safe place to take cover. 在地震期间，保持冷静并找到一个安全的地方躲避。
（4）If you are indoors, stay away from windows and heavy furniture. 如果你在室内，远离窗户和重家具。
（5）If you are outdoors, stay away from buildings, trees and power lines. 如果你在户外，远离建筑物、树木和电线。
（6）After an earthquake, check yourself and those around you for injuries. 在地震后，检查自己和周围的人是否受伤。
地震英语词汇
地震英语词汇英语中表示地震的名词有：earthquake、quake、shake、shock、tremor和temblor （此词为美语）英语中表示地震的动词（即意为“地震发生于...”的动词）有：hit 袭击，打击，使遭受strike 突然发生shake 摇；摇动；摇撼jolt 使颠簸，摇晃rock 摇，摇动，使振动roll across 波动，起伏，横摇rip through 裂开，破开；突进，横撞直闯形容地震的破坏程度的动词有（按破换程度从小到大排序）：damage 损害，损伤；〔口语〕伤害，毁坏destroy 毁坏，破坏；摧残shatter 破坏；捣毁；破灭devastate 蹂躏，破坏；使荒废；毁灭level 推倒，夷平flatten 夷为平地地震学相关词汇：seismological 地震学上的seismology 地震学seismograph 地震仪seiaftershock 余震smaller tremors 小地震epicenter 震中magnitude 震级Richter Scale(1—10) 里氏震级earthquake monitoring 地震监控tsunami 海啸tsunami warning system 海啸预警系统tidal waves 潮汐波，浪潮natural disaster 自然灾害tragedy 灾难wreckage 残骸death toll 死亡人数survivors 幸存者victims 受灾者international contributions 国际援助evacuation 撤离rescue team 救援小组（hjEnglish smographer 地震学家seisesthesia 振动感觉seismaesthesia 震觉seismesthesia 振动感觉seismic 地震的seismic (seismal; seismical; earthquake) load 地震载荷seismic acceleration 地震加速度; 震动加速度seismic acceleration indicator 地震加速指示计seismic activity 地震活动; 地震活动性seismic amplifier 地震放大器seismic analysis 地震分析seismic area 地震带; 地震区; 震区seismic belt 地震带; 地震区seismic bending moment 地震弯矩seismic center 震中seismic coefficient 地震系数seismic core phase 核震相seismic cross-section 地震剖面seismic data 地震数据; 地震资料seismic degree 震度seismic design 地震设计seismic detector 地震检波器; 地震仪seismic detector of the displacement 位移式地震检波器seismic detector of the velocity type 速度式地震检波器seismic digital amplifier 地震数字放大器seismic discontinuity 地震间断面seismic drill 地震孔用钻机seismic dynamic load 地震动力载荷seismic element method 地震元法seismic exploration 地层勘探; 地震探测; 地震探查; 震波勘测seismic exploration vessel 震波勘测船seismic filter 地震滤波器seismic floor joint cover 地面抗震缝盖板seismic focus 地震震源seismic force 地震力seismic gap 地震活动空白地带seismic geophone 地震检波器; 震波检测仪seismic geophysical method 地球物理地震法seismic hazard 地震危害性seismic head wave 地震首波seismic impulse method 脉冲地震法seismic instrument car 地震仪器车seismic intensity 地震烈度; 地震强度seismic intensity scale 地震强度计seismic investigation 地震探测seismic load 地震荷载seismic map 地震图seismic measurement 地震测验seismic method 地震勘探法seismic method of exploration 地震法勘探; 震波勘测法seismic method of prospecting 地震法勘探seismic model 地震模型seismic moment 地震力矩seismic motion 地震活动; 地震运动seismic origin 地震成因seismic phase 震相seismic processing 震波图分析seismic profile 地震剖面seismic profiler 地震剖面仪; 震波水下地形仪seismic property 地震性质seismic prospect(ing) 震波勘探seismic prospecting 地震勘探; 地震探查seismic prospecting system 地震探查装置seismic prospector 地震预报仪seismic reciprocity 震时互易原理seismic record 地震记录seismic record viewer 地震记录观测仪seismic recorder 地震记录仪seismic reflection amplifier 地震反射放大器seismic reflection method 地震波反射法seismic refraction 震波折射seismic refraction method 地震折射法seismic refraction profile 地震折射剖面seismic regime 震情seismic region 震区; 地震区seismic regionalization 地震区划分seismic restraint 耐震seismic risk 地震危险性seismic sea wave 地震海浪; 地震海啸; 地震海啸; 地震津波; 海啸seismic sea wave apparatus 海啸仪seismic section plotter 地震剖面绘图仪seismic seiche 地震假潮seismic shock 地震; 地震冲击; 地震震动; 震波冲击seismic signal 地震信号seismic sounding 地震测深; 地震测深法seismic source function 震源函数seismic spread 地震传播; 地震扩散seismic stability 抗震稳定性seismic station 地震台站seismic stratigraphy 地震地层学seismic stress 地震应力seismic surface wave 地震表面波seismic survey 地震测量; 地震调查; 地震探查; 反射法勘探seismic travel time 地震波传播时间seismic velocity 震波速度seismic vertical 震中; 地震垂线seismic vessel 震波勘测船seismic wave 震波; 地震波seismic wave path 地震波路径seismic world map 世界地震图seismic zone 地震带; 地震区seismic zoning 地震区划分seismic-electric effect 震电效应seismicinstrument 地震仪seismicity 地震活动; 地震活动度; 地震活动性; 震级seismicity gap 地震活动空白地带seismicity map 地震区域图seismic-like event 似地震事件seismicrophone 地震传声器; 地震接收器seismism 地震现象; 震动现象seismitron 岩层稳定测试仪seismo-acoustic reflection survey 震声反射测量seismoastronomy 地震天文学seismocardiogram 心震图seismochronograph 地震计时仪; 地震记时器seismo-electric effect 震电效应seismogenesis 地震成因。
disaster相关英语表达
disaster相关英语表达以下是一些关于“disaster”（灾难）相关的英语表达：1.Natural Disaster（自然灾害）:•Earthquake: 地震•Hurricane: 飓风•Tornado: 龙卷风•Flood: 洪水•Tsunami: 海啸•Volcanic Eruption: 火山爆发•Wildfire: 森林大火2.Man-made Disaster（人为灾难）:•Industrial Accidents: 工业事故•Nuclear Meltdown: 核泄漏•Environmental Pollution: 环境污染•Oil Spill: 油污泄漏•Terrorist Attack: 恐怖袭击3.Crisis Management（危机管理）:•Emergency Response: 应急响应•Evacuation Plan: 撤离计划•Disaster Preparedness: 灾害准备•Relief Efforts: 救援工作•Humanitarian Aid: 人道主义援助4.Consequences and Impact（后果和影响）:•Casualties: 伤亡人数•Destruction: 破坏•Displacement: 难民流离失所•Economic Losses: 经济损失•Infrastructure Damage: 基础设施损毁5.Recovery and Reconstruction（恢复和重建）:•Rehabilitation: 重建•Reconstruction Efforts: 重建工作•Resilience Building: 提高抗灾能力•Recovery Phase: 恢复阶段6.Expressions:•Averting a disaster: 避免灾难•Coping with a crisis: 应对危机•Declaring a state of emergency: 宣布进入紧急状态•Humanitarian crisis: 人道主义危机•Worst-case scenario: 最坏的情况mon Phrases:•It's a catastrophe! 这是一场灾难！•We are facing a disaster of unprecedented magnitude. 我们面临前所未有的巨大灾难。
有关地震的英语词汇
书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟
有关地震的英语词汇
地震这个话题经常会出现在英语写作或者翻译中哦，因此要多积累关于地震的英语词汇，下面小编为大家带来了有关地震的英语词汇，欢迎大家阅读，希望能够帮助到大家。
earthquake 地震
shake 震动；摇晃
tremor 颤动；震动
temblor [美语] 地震
hit 袭击、打击，使遭受
strike 突然发生；打击
jolt 使颠簸，摇晃
rock 摇，摇动，使振动
roll across 波动，起伏，横摇
rip through 裂开，破开；突进，横撞直闯
damage 损害；损伤
destroy 毁坏，破坏；摧残
shatter 破坏；捣毁；破灭
devastate 蹂躏，破坏；使荒废；毁灭
level 推倒，夷平
flatten 夷为平地
seismological 地震学上的
seismology 地震学
seismograph 地震仪
seismographer 地震学家
aftershock 余震。
有关自然灾害的英语单词
自然灾害Natural Disaster : 地震earthquake 雪崩avalanche火山泥流lahar 泥石流mudflow/landslide debris flow超级火山爆发supervolcano 洪水flood 大(或急剧的)漩涡maelstrom海啸Tsunami 暴风雪blizzard （呵呵）干旱Drought 雹暴Hailstorm热浪heat wave 飓风（台风）Hurricanes, Tropical cyclones, and Typhoons冰雹ice storm 龙卷风tornado 冰河时代ice age 森林大火wildfire流行病Epidemic 饥荒Famine 太阳耀斑Solar flare附：各种自然灾害和人为灾害词汇英汉对照：英语作文：Movie Plot Summary;;An epic adventure about a global cataclysm that brings an end to the world and tells of the heroic struggle of the survivors.An academic researcher leads a group of people in a fight to counteract the apocalyptic events that were predicted by the ancient Mayan calendar and other historical documents, astronomy, biblical and scientific data. It involves the passage of the Age of Pieces into the Age of Aquarius. It also involves the Destroyer, aka Wormwood, Planet X, Nibiru.Over the decades, many have prophesised that the world will end when the ancient Mayan calendar ceases on 21 December 2012. But before that occurs, the human race is bound to face natural disasters such as massive volcano eruptions, typhoons and other natural calamities. An academic researcher opens a portal into a parallel universe and makes contact with his double in order to prevent an apocalypse predicted by the ancient Mayans.Watch online Movie Trailer free 2012 Hollywood film.The film Directed by Roland Emmerich.The Story : 2012 movie tells the story of natural disasters foretold by ancient calendar angle. Sun storms are affecting Earth, culminating in tsunamis, earthquakes and volcanoes. The story itself appears to be standard for disaster movies - short on science, long on stories of numerous individuals, and high on amazing special effects, with a small dose of conspiracy. It’s highly likely a pet dog survives…电影情节摘要;;一个关于全球性灾难，这带来了对世界的结束和对幸存者的可歌可泣的英勇斗争，告诉冒险。
地震英语词汇及地震专业术语
地震英语词汇及地震专业术语表示地震的词：earthquakequakeshakeshocktremortemblor [美语] (pl. -s, -blores )（地震）发生于...：hit... 袭击，打击，使遭受strike... 突然发生shake... 摇；摇动；摇撼jolt... 使颠簸，摇晃rock... 摇，摇动，使振动roll across... 波动，起伏，横摇rip through... 裂开，破开；突进，横撞直闯破坏程度（小→大）damage 损害，损伤；〔口语〕伤害，毁坏。
destroy 毁坏，破坏；摧残。
shatter 破坏；捣毁；破灭。
devastate 蹂躏，破坏；使荒废；毁灭。
level 推倒，夷平。
flatten 夷为平地。
地震学相关词汇：seismological 地震学上的seismology 地震学seismograph 地震仪seismographer 地震学家aftershock 余震smaller tremors 小地震epicenter 震中magnitude 震级Richter Scale(1—10) 里氏震级earthquake monitoring 地震监控tsunami 海啸tsunami warning system 海啸预警系统tidal waves 潮汐波，浪潮natural disaster 自然灾害tragedy 灾难wreckage 残骸death toll 死亡人数survivors 幸存者victims 受灾者international contributions 国际援助evacuation 撤离rescue team 救援小组其他地震术语seisesthesia 振动感觉seismaesthesia 震觉seismesthesia 振动感觉seismic 地震的seismic (seismal; seismical; earthquake) load 地震载荷seismic acceleration 地震加速度; 震动加速度seismic acceleration indicator 地震加速指示计seismic activity 地震活动; 地震活动性seismic amplifier 地震放大器seismic analysis 地震分析seismic area 地震带; 地震区; 震区seismic belt 地震带; 地震区seismic bending moment 地震弯矩seismic center 震中seismic coefficient 地震系数seismic core phase 核震相seismic cross-section 地震剖面seismic data 地震数据; 地震资料seismic degree 震度seismic design 地震设计seismic detector 地震检波器; 地震仪seismic detector of the displacement 位移式地震检波器seismic detector of the velocity type 速度式地震检波器seismic digital amplifier 地震数字放大器seismic discontinuity 地震间断面seismic drill 地震孔用钻机seismic dynamic load 地震动力载荷seismic element method 地震元法seismic exploration 地层勘探; 地震探测; 地震探查; 震波勘测seismic exploration vessel 震波勘测船seismic filter 地震滤波器seismic floor joint cover 地面抗震缝盖板seismic focus 地震震源seismic force 地震力seismic gap 地震活动空白地带seismic geophone 地震检波器; 震波检测仪seismic geophysical method 地球物理地震法seismic hazard 地震危害性seismic head wave 地震首波seismic impulse method 脉冲地震法seismic instrument car 地震仪器车seismic intensity 地震烈度; 地震强度seismic intensity scale 地震强度计seismic investigation 地震探测seismic load 地震荷载seismic map 地震图seismic measurement 地震测验seismic method 地震勘探法seismic method of exploration 地震法勘探; 震波勘测法seismic method of prospecting 地震法勘探seismic model 地震模型seismic moment 地震力矩seismic motion 地震活动; 地震运动seismic origin 地震成因seismic phase 震相seismic processing 震波图分析seismic profile 地震剖面seismic profiler 地震剖面仪; 震波水下地形仪seismic property 地震性质seismic prospect(ing) 震波勘探seismic prospecting 地震勘探; 地震探查seismic prospecting system 地震探查装置seismic prospector 地震预报仪seismic reciprocity 震时互易原理seismic record 地震记录seismic record viewer 地震记录观测仪seismic recorder 地震记录仪seismic reflection amplifier 地震反射放大器seismic reflection method 地震波反射法seismic refraction 震波折射seismic refraction method 地震折射法seismic refraction profile 地震折射剖面seismic regime 震情seismic region 震区; 地震区seismic regionalization 地震区划分seismic restraint 耐震seismic risk 地震危险性seismic sea wave 地震海浪; 地震海啸; 地震海啸; 地震津波; 海啸seismic sea wave apparatus 海啸仪seismic section plotter 地震剖面绘图仪seismic seiche 地震假潮seismic shock 地震; 地震冲击; 地震震动; 震波冲击seismic signal 地震信号seismic sounding 地震测深; 地震测深法seismic source function 震源函数seismic spread 地震传播; 地震扩散seismic stability 抗震稳定性seismic station 地震台站seismic stratigraphy 地震地层学seismic stress 地震应力seismic surface wave 地震表面波seismic survey 地震测量; 地震调查; 地震探查; 反射法勘探seismic travel time 地震波传播时间seismic velocity 震波速度seismic vertical 震中; 地震垂线seismic vessel 震波勘测船seismic wave 震波; 地震波seismic wave path 地震波路径seismic world map 世界地震图seismic zone 地震带; 地震区seismic zoning 地震区划分seismic-electric effect 震电效应seismicinstrument 地震仪seismicity 地震活动; 地震活动度; 地震活动性; 震级seismicity gap 地震活动空白地带seismicity map 地震区域图seismic-like event 似地震事件seismicrophone 地震传声器; 地震接收器seismism 地震现象; 震动现象seismitron 岩层稳定测试仪seismo-acoustic reflection survey 震声反射测量seismoastronomy 地震天文学seismocardiogram 心震图seismochronograph 地震计时仪; 地震记时器seismo-electric effect 震电效应seismogenesis 地震成因seismogenic zone 孕震区seismogeological map 地震地质图seismo-geology 地震地质学seismogram 地震波曲线; 地震图; 震波图seismogram interpretation 震波图解释seismograph 地震记录仪; 地震仪seismograph amplifier 地震仪放大器seismograph drill 地震孔物探钻机seismograph station 地震台站seismographic 地震学的seismographic observation 地震观测seismographic observatory 地震观测站seismographic record 地震记录seismographic station 地震台seismography 地震记录法; 地震学seismolog (附有摄影设备的) 测震仪seismologic consideration 震情会商seismologic station 地震台站seismological evidence 地震实迹seismological observation 地震观测seismologist 地震学家seismology 地震学seismomagnetic effect 地震地磁效果; 震磁效应seismometer 地震计; 地震检波器; 地震仪seismometer galvanometer 地震检波器检流计seismometer pier 拾震器墩子seismometer station 地震测站seismonastic movement 感振运动seismonastic turgor movement 倾震膨压运动seismophysics 地震物理学seismos 地震seismoscope 地震波显示仪; 地震示波仪; 地震仪; 验震器; 验震器seismoscope data 验震器数据; 验震器数据seismoscope record 验震器记录; 验震器记录seismoscope response 验震器响应; 验震器响应seismostation 地震台; 地震台站seismotectonic 地震构造的seismotectonic line 地震构造线seismotherapy 振动疗法seismotropism 向震性seissors fault differential fault 剪断层英文汉译。
与地震有关的英语词汇(一)
与地震有关的英语词汇(一)
地震是一种常见的自然灾害，发生时会造成人员伤亡、财产损失等严
重后果。
为了更好的防范地震，我们需要了解一些与地震有关的英语
词汇，下面就让我们来一一了解。
1. Earthquake: 地震，指地球表层发生的振动或地壳破裂所产生的自
然现象。
2. Epicenter: 震中，指地震最初爆发的位置，通常在地下几千米处。
3. Richter scale: 里氏震级，是衡量地震强度的指标。
4. Magnitude: 震级，就是地震的强度大小。
5. Seismograph: 地震仪，是一种用于探测地震的仪器。
6. Aftershocks: 余震，是指地震之后持续发生的一系列小震动。
7. Tsunami: 海啸，通常会在地震发生后的几分钟或几小时内由海底
地震引起。
8. Seismic wave: 地震波，是指地震产生的能量传遍地球的波动。
9. Fault line: 断层线，是指地球表面发生断层的地带。
10. Plate tectonics: 板块构造学说，是指地球表层是由许多不断运
动的板块组成的。
以上就是一些与地震有关的英语词汇介绍。
在面对地震时，了解这些基本的专业术语将有助于我们更好地理解地震的过程和强度，并采取更合适的措施，保障我们的生命财产安全。
地震灾难英语作文
地震灾难英语作文Earthquake Disaster。
An earthquake is one of the most devastating natural disasters that can occur. It is caused by the shifting of tectonic plates beneath the Earth's surface, and can result in widespread destruction and loss of life. When an earthquake strikes, it can cause buildings to collapse, roads to buckle, and tsunamis to form, leading to a massive loss of life and property. In this essay, we will explore the causes and effects of earthquakes, as well as the ways in which individuals and communities can prepare for and respond to these disasters.There are several factors that can contribute to the occurrence of an earthquake. One of the primary causes is the movement of tectonic plates, which are large pieces of the Earth's crust that float on the semi-fluid mantle beneath them. When these plates shift and collide with one another, it can create intense pressure and friction,leading to the release of energy in the form of seismic waves. This can result in the shaking of the Earth's surface, causing buildings and other structures to collapse.In addition to tectonic activity, earthquakes can also be triggered by human activities such as mining, drilling, and the construction of large dams. These activities can alter the natural state of the Earth's crust, leading to an increase in seismic activity and the potential for earthquakes to occur.The effects of an earthquake can be devastating. In addition to the destruction of buildings and infrastructure, earthquakes can also lead to the loss of life and the displacement of communities. Furthermore, earthquakes can also trigger secondary disasters such as landslides, tsunamis, and fires, which can further exacerbate theimpact of the initial earthquake.In order to minimize the impact of earthquakes, it is important for individuals and communities to be preparedand to have a plan in place for how to respond to thesedisasters. This can include having an emergency kit with essential supplies such as food, water, and medical supplies, as well as a communication plan for how to contact loved ones and emergency services in the event of an earthquake. Additionally, it is important for communities to have building codes and infrastructure in place that are designed to withstand the impact of earthquakes, as well as early warning systems that canalert individuals to the potential for an earthquake to occur.In conclusion, earthquakes are a natural disaster that can have a devastating impact on individuals and communities. By understanding the causes and effects of earthquakes, as well as the ways in which individuals and communities can prepare for and respond to these disasters, we can work towards minimizing the impact of earthquakes and ensuring the safety and well-being of those affected by them.。
地震的英文怎么读
地震的英文怎么读地震是一种自然灾害，可以引起地壳震动和地表剧烈晃动的现象。
地震是由地球内部的构造活动引起的，通常由地壳的断裂和岩石的摩擦造成的能量释放导致的。
这种能量释放会引起地球的振动，产生地震波。
地震波在地球内部以及地球表面传播，造成地面的震动和波动。
地震的英文读音是“earthquake”。
这个词由两个部分组成：earth和quake。
Earth指的是地球，quake是震动的意思。
因此，“earthquake”的意思就是地球的震动。
在英语中，地震是一个非常常见的词汇。
由于地震在地球上发生的频率较高，所以在国际新闻报道中，地震经常出现。
学习如何正确地读出地震这个单词，对于英语学习者来说是非常重要的。
首先，让我们来分解一下“earthquake”这个单词。
音节的划分可以帮助我们更好地理解和准确地发音。
在“earthquake”中，我们可以分解成四个音节：er-th-quake。
在第一个音节“er” 中，音标是[ɝ]。
这个音标要求舌尖稍微抬起，舌后部接触到软腭。
发音时，嘴唇要稍微收紧，但不要闭合。
所以，第一个音节应该为“er”。
在第二个音节“th”中，音标是[θ]。
这个音标相当于中文拼音的“t”。
发音时，将舌尖紧贴着上齿龈，气流从舌间的缝隙中通过。
所以，第二个音节应该为“th”。
在第三个音节“quake”中，音标是[kweɪk]。
音标中的[k]和[w]在发音时要确保清晰。
接着是[eɪ]，这个音标相当于中文拼音的“ei”。
最后一个音标是[k]，与开头的[k]的发音方式相同。
因此，第三个音节应该为“-quake”。
综上所述，整个单词“earthquake”的发音按照音节划分应该为“er-th-quake”，读音为[\。
地震的英语作文带翻译
地震的英语作文带翻译Earthquake – A Natural Disaster。
地震——一场自然灾害。
Earthquake is one of the most devastating natural disasters that can occur on our planet. It is caused by the sudden release of energy from the Earth's crust, resulting in seismic waves that can cause significant damage to buildings, infrastructure, and even human life. Thisarticle will explore the causes, effects, and measures to mitigate the impact of earthquakes.地震是我们星球上最具破坏力的自然灾害之一。
它是由地壳突然释放能量引起的，导致地震波对建筑物、基础设施甚至人类生命造成重大破坏。
本文将探讨地震的原因、影响以及减轻地震影响的措施。
Causes of Earthquakes。
地震的原因。
Earthquakes are caused by the movement of tectonic plates, which are large pieces of the Earth's crust that float on the molten mantle. When these plates move against each other, they create friction, which builds up pressure over time. When the pressure becomes too great, the plates suddenly shift, causing an earthquake.地震是由构造板块的运动引起的，构造板块是浮在熔融地幔上的大块地壳。
地震相关英语表达
natural disaster 自然灾害 • tragedy 灾难 • wreckage 残骸 • death toll 死亡人数 • survivors 幸存者 • victims 受灾者 • international contributions 国际援助 • evacuation 撤离 evacuate. V. • rescue team 救援小组 • worst-hit areas 重灾区 • mountain landslides 山体滑坡
• • • • • • • • • • •
地震学相关词汇： seismological 地震学上的 seismology 地震学 seismograph 地震仪 seismographer 地震学家 aftershock 余震 smaller tremors 小地震 epicenter 震中 magnitude 震级 Richter Scale(1—10) 里氏震级 earthquake monitoring 地震监控
Expressions related to earthquake
• 英语中表示地震的名词有： • earthquake、quake、shake、shock、 tremor和temblor (此词为美语)
• 英语中表示地震的动词(即意为“地震发生于……” 的动词)有： • hit 袭击，打击，使遭受 • strike 突然发生 • shake 摇；摇动；摇撼 • jolt 使颠簸，摇晃 • rock 摇，摇动，使振动 • roll across 波动，起伏，横摇 • rip through 裂开，破开；突进，横撞直闯
golden seventy-two hours ：
we all know about golden seventy-two hours of saving lives, but we would rather believe the waiting ,persisting and perseverance of life after seventytwo hours. • 我们知道72小时的“黄金救援时间”，但 我们宁愿相信超过72小时的等待和on-street parking, closed to control the region
有关自然灾害的英语单词
自然灾害Natural Disaster : 地震earthquake 雪崩avalanche火山泥流lahar 泥石流mudflow/la ndslide debris flow超级火山爆发supervolcano 洪水flood 大（或急剧的）漩涡maelstrom海啸Tsunami 暴风雪blizzard （呵呵）干旱Drought 雹暴Hailstorm热浪heat wave 飓风（台风）Hurricanes. Tropical cyclones, and Typhoons冰雹ice storm 龙卷风tornado 冰河时代ice age 森林大火wildfire流行病Epidemic 饥荒Famine 太阳耀斑Solar flare附：各种自然灾害和人为灾害词汇英汉对照：英语作文：Movie Plot Summary;;An epic adventure about a global cataclysm that brings an end to the world and tells of the heroic struggle of the survivors.An academic researcher leads a group of people in a fight to counteract the apocalyptic events thatwere predicted by the an cie nt Maya n cale ndar and other historical docume nts, astronomy, biblical and scientific data. It involves the passage of the Age of Pieces into the Age of Aquarius. It also in volves the Destroyer, aka Wormwood, Planet X, Nibiru. Over the decades, many have prophesised that the world will end whe n the ancient Maya n cale ndar ceases on 21 December 2012. But before that occurs, the huma n race is bound to face n atural disasters such as massive volca no erupti ons, typho ons and other n atural calamities. An academic researcher ope ns a portal into a parallel uni verse and makes con tact with his double in order to preve nt an apocalypse predicted by the ancient Maya ns.Watch on li ne Movie Trailer free 2012 Hollywood film.The film Directed by Rola nd Emmerich.The Story : 2012 movie tells the story of natural disasters foretold by ancient calendar an gle. Sun storms are affect ing Earth, cul min ati ng in tsun amis, earthquakes and volca no es. The story itself appears to be sta ndard for disaster movies - short on scie nee, long on stories of nu merous in dividuals, and high on amaz ing special effects, with a small dose of conspiracy. It ' s highly likely a pet dog survives …电影情节摘要;;一个关于全球性灾难，这带来了对世界的结束和对幸存者的可歌可泣的英勇斗争，告诉冒险。
自然灾害的英文
Natural Disasters: Forces of Nature and Their Impacts自然灾害是指地球上自然界发生的具有破坏性的事件，如地震、火山喷发、飓风、洪水等。
这些突发事件往往给人类社会和生态环境带来重大影响，成为人类与自然力量间永恒的挑战。
Earthquakes: Unpredictable Shaking地震是地球内部地壳板块运动引发的一种自然现象，伴随着巨大的地表振动。
地震破坏力巨大，会导致建筑物倒塌、道路毁损、人员伤亡等严重后果。
地震预警系统和建筑抗震技术的不断发展有助于减轻地震带来的破坏。
Volcanic Eruptions: Nature’s Fury Unleashed火山喷发是地球热能的释放过程，伴随着大量的熔岩、火山灰、火山烟雾等物质喷射至地表。
火山活动的不可预测性和突发性给周边地区带来灾难性影响，包括土地破坏、空气污染、甚至人员伤亡。
Hurricanes: Power of the Storm飓风是一种热带气旋，具有强大的风力和暴雨，常常伴随着海啸、洪水等灾害。
飓风的路径和强度变化多端，给人们的防范和疏散带来极大困难，飓风过境时会带来巨大破坏力。
Floods: Unstoppable Force of Water洪水是河流、湖泊、海洋等水体泛滥而成的自然现象，往往伴随着农田被淹、房屋被毁等严重后果。
气候变化和不规范城市规划等因素增加了洪水发生的频率和破坏力，人类需要加强防洪减灾措施来减轻洪水带来的影响。
Conclusion: Resilience in the Face of Natural Disasters自然灾害无情，但人类在与自然力量的斗争中不断探索科学技术和有效应对措施，以减少灾害带来的破坏。
唯有增强社会意识、建立健全的应急机制，才能更好地保护人类生命和社会财产，展示人类对自然力量的顽强抵抗和生存智慧。
常见自然灾害英文单词
灾难英文词汇10英本3班1.交通事故aground 搁浅be<go,run>aground <船>搁浅,触礁belly out 底部朝上black box <飞机等的>黑匣子bound 准备〔或正在〕到……去的〔飞机,船等〕bow 船头canyon 峡谷capsize 〔船等〕倾覆castaway 乘船遇难者〔的〕cliff 悬崖collide <车船等>碰撞crash 碰撞crosswind 侧风derail 火车出轨distress signal 船只遇难时的求救信号ditch 飞机迫降在水面上,汽车开到沟里escaping hatch <潜艇的>逃生舱口ferry 渡船flip over 翻过来foul play 不正常运作fragment 碎片fuselage 〔飞机〕机身gondola 吊舱hatch 舱门head-on train collision 火车迎面相撞heavy seas 波涛汹涌的海面hull 船壳,船体life vest 救生背心mangle 压碎,plunge 投入,跳进raft 救生筏ram 猛撞ravine 沟壑山涧深谷rescue team 援救人员rough seas 波涛汹涌的海面rudder 舵shipwreck 船只失事,失事船的残骸skip over 翻过来strand 使搁浅turbulence 湍流turbulent 狂暴的湍流的wind shear 风切变wreck on a rock 触礁失事2．地震等sei earthquake、temblor〔美〕earthshock、quake、cataclysm、seism、地震epicenter、epicentre、epicentrum 、seismic vertical震中seismic belt/seismic zone/seismic area地震带; 地震区seismic center 震中aftershock 余震Richter Scale<1—10> 里氏震级seismographer/seismologist地震学家earthquake monitoring 地震监控seismic coefficient 地震系数dislocation earthquake断层地震folding earthquake褶皱地震local earthquake局部地震palintecticearthquake深源地震plutonic earthquake深源地震shallow-focus earthquake浅源地震simulated earthquake模拟地震submarine earthquake海底震tsunami海啸tectonic earthquake壳构地震volcanic earthquake火山地震earthquake monitoring 地震监控seismic discontinuity 地震间断面seismic regionalization 地震区划分after shock 余震magnitude 震级seismology 地震学buckle 变形,坍塌calamity 灾祸debris 碎片废墟devastate 毁坏devastating quake 毁坏性地震dilapidated house 部分毁坏的房屋earthquake belt 地震带earthquake prone zone 易震带epicenter 震中eruption 喷发,爆发jolt 振摇killer earthquake <死伤人数很多的>强烈地震landslide 塌方,滑坡,山崩lava 熔岩mudslide 泥石流open-ended Richter Scale 里氏地震级earthquake-stricken area<earthquake disaster region> 地震灾区reduce to rubbles 化为瓦砾rock 震动seism 地震shantytown 棚户区贫民窟shanty 棚屋shoddy building 偷工减料的建筑物skimp 克扣,偷工减料sniffer dog 警犬,嗅探器sniffer 嗅探器stench of putrefaction 腐烂东西发出的恶臭temblor 地震tide wave 海啸tracking dog 警犬trained-dog 受过训练的狗,警犬traumatized 受过精神创伤的tremor 震颤tsunami 海啸unscrupulous 是无忌惮的不讲道理的volcano 火山形容地震的破坏程度的动词有〔按破换程度从小到大排序〕：damage 损害,损伤；〔口语〕伤害,毁坏destroy 毁坏,破坏；摧残shatter 破坏；捣毁；破灭devastate 蹂躏,破坏；使荒废；毁灭level 推倒,夷平flatten 夷为平地national day of mourning 全国哀悼日mourning ceremony 哀悼仪式national flags fly at half-mast 降半旗致哀silent tribute 默哀online tribute 网上悼念earthquake relief 赈灾post-disaster reconstruction 灾后重建altitude sickness 高原反应quake victims 遇难者relief work 救援工作Tibetan treatment 藏医疗法medical team 医疗队relief goods 救援物资slide-proof rug 防滑垫cold-proof coat 防寒大衣heat sensor 生命探测仪signs of life 生命迹象plague prevention 防疫plague prevention 鼠疫防疫oxygen deprivation 缺氧oxygen supply 氧源,供氧oxygen mask 氧气罩gala devoted to quake relief 赈灾晚会telethon 为募捐播放的长时间的电视节目campaign-style donation activity 大型募捐活动charity donor 慈善捐赠者donation agreement 捐赠协议charity sale 义卖giveaway buffet 慈善餐会地震知识：震源epicenter地震波seismic wave纵波P-wave横波S-wave震级magnitude里氏震级Richter scale小于2.5级的地震叫小地震,2.5-4.7级地震叫有感地震,大于4.7级地震称为破坏性地震主震main shock前震pre-earthquake余震aftershock震带earthquake zone地震烈度seismic intensity构造地震Tectonic earthquake火山地震V olcanic earthquake塌陷地震Earthquake collapse诱发地震Induced earthquake人工地震Artificial earthquake3．火灾,风灾,水灾,旱灾avalanche 雪崩back-to-back storms 接踵而来的暴风雨batter <恶劣的天气>连续袭击blaze 火,熊熊燃烧blizzard 暴风雪carcase<carcass> 〔动物的〕尸体,〔蔑〕人的尸体cataclysm 洪水flood、deluge、spate洪水rock and mud slides/debris flow/mud-rock flow 泥石流landslide 山体滑坡tornado龙卷风typhoon 台风hurricane 飓风whirlwind 龙卷风twister 龙卷风storm 暴风雨sandstorm 沙尘暴gale 狂风gust 阵风char 烧焦choppy 风向不定的,波浪涛涛的collapse 倒坍crest 洪峰cyclone 气旋,旋风dam 水坝deluge 洪水depression 低气压dismal 凄凉的driving rain 倾盆大雨drizzle 牛毛细雨drought 干旱drown 淹死dump 〔雨水〕倾泻embankment 堤岸embank 筑堤防护engulf 席卷吞噬flame 火焰flood-ravaged area 〔洪水〕受灾区fume <浓烈或难闻的>烟,气,汽gale 狂风gust 阵风,〔风雨雹〕突然一阵gut 损毁〔房屋等〕内部装置hurricane 飓风inundate 水淹jetty 防波堤knee-deep <积雪等>齐膝深的,没膝的levee 大堤low-lying 地势低洼的maroon <杯水围困>处于孤立无援的境地monsoon 季风monsoon rain 〔印度洋〕季雨pelt 连续打击,〔雨雪〕大降pound 〔连续〕猛击pour 下倾盆大雨rainfall 降雨量〔typhoon-〕ravaged area 被〔台风〕破坏的地区scorch 烧焦sift 筛选详查silt 淤泥,使淤塞sleet 雨夹雪smoulder 焖烧spell <某种天气的>一段持续时间squall 〔冰雹〕暴风stampede 惊跑乱窜stifle 使窒息submergence 浸没,淹没subside <洪水>减退suffocate 使窒息sweep 〔风等〕刮起,浪等冲走terrified 恐惧的torrential rain 骤雨trample 踩twister 陆海卷风,沙柱尘旋uproot 连根拔wash away 冲走water-logged 涝的Space disasters 空间灾害Solar flares 太阳耀斑Gamma ray burst 伽玛射线暴4. 其他用语<flood>-struck area <洪水>受灾区aid worker 救援人员make-shift 临时凑用的代用品makeshift house 临时住房philanthropic 慈善的philanthropist 慈善家philanthropoid 慈善基金会经纪人philanthropy 慈善事业puddle 水坑race against the clock 争分夺秒rage 〔风〕狂吹,浪汹涌,病猖獗ready-made 现成的,预制的rescue worker 救援人员自然灾害学常用的100个英语单词和词组1、natural disaster 自然灾害；2、prevention of disaster 防灾；3、reduction of disaster 减灾；4、geological disaster 地质灾害；5、environment 环境；6、land 土地；7、resource 资源；8、history 历史；9、status 现状；10、water and soil 水土；11、washing away 流失；12、floodwater 洪水；13、breaking out 爆发；14、mountain coast 山体滑坡；15、vegetation 植被；16、soil fertility 土壤肥力；17、climate 气候；18、EI Nino phenomenon厄尔尼诺现象；19、marsh 湿地；沼泽；20、drought disaster旱灾；21、waterlog 涝灾；22、hail 冰雹；23、frost 霜冻；24、gale 大风；25、cold wave 寒潮；26、plant diseases and insect pests 病虫害；27、earthquake 地震；28、plague 瘟疫；29、fire disaster火灾；30、heavy snow disaster 大雪灾；31、lightning strike 雷击；32、ecology 生态；33、balance 平衡；34、original frost 初霜；35、end frost 终霜；36、spring frost 春霜；37、winter frost 冬霜；38、geological disaster 地质灾；39、heavy fog 大雾；40、animal disaster 兽害灾；41、law of drought disaster 旱灾规律；42、law of waterlog disaster 涝灾规律；43、change tendency 变化趋势；44、change law 变化规律；45、territorial disaster 区域性灾害；46、globe disaster 全球性灾害；47、environment 环境；48、protection 保护；49、surface water 地表水；50、groundwater 地下水；51、pollution 污染；52、tropic rain forest 热带雨林；53、typhoon 台风；54、cyclone 飓风；55、tornado 龙卷风；56、crypt 地穴;57、landform 地形；58、physiognomy 地貌；59、geogeny 地球成因学；60、land surface 地面；61、doing down 下沉；62、water resource 水资源；63、serious pinch 严重匮乏；64、grasshopper disaster 蝗虫灾；65、heavy drought 大旱；66、heavy waterlog 大涝；67、famine 饥荒；68、visitation of Providence 天灾；69、man-made disaster 人祸；70、surface of sea 海平面；71、moving up 上升；72、mankind 人类73、facing 面临；74、breathe 生存;75、challenge 挑战；76、volcano 火山；77、crater 火山口；78、eruption 火山灰；79、sea disaster 海洋灾害；80、storm tide 风暴潮；81、ground sea 海啸；82、red tide 赤潮；83、biologic disaster 生物灾害；84、insect pest 虫害；85、rat pest 鼠害；86、greenhouse gas 温室气体；87、greenhouse effect 温室效应；88、heavy fire from forest 森林大火；89、forestation 森林管理；90、deforestation 森林开发；91、silvics 森林生态学；92、disaster 灾害；93、measure 措施；94、strategy 策略；95、prevention and control 防治；96、countermeasure of reducing disaster 减灾对策；97、countermeasure of preventing disaster 防灾对策；98、risk analysis of natural disaster 自然灾害风险分析；99、risk assessment of natural disaster自然灾害风险评价；100、factor of leading to disaster 致灾因子。
关于地震的英语
地震相关英语词汇地震-earthquake ['ə:θkweik]，temblor ['temblə]（美语），seism ['saizəm, -səm]；余震-aftershock ['ɑ:ftəʃɔk, 'æf-]；海啸-tsunami [tsu'nɑ:mi]；打击、袭击-hit，strike；破坏-destroy，devastate；粉碎、摧毁-shatter；灾难性的-devastating；颠簸、摇晃-jolt；death toll 死亡人数；survivors 幸存者；victims 受灾者英语中表示地震的名词有：earthquake、quake、shake、shock、tremor和temblor （此词为美语）英语中表示地震的动词（即意为“地震发生于...”的动词）有：hit 袭击，打击，使遭受strike 突然发生shake 摇；摇动；摇撼jolt 使颠簸，摇晃rock 摇，摇动，使振动roll across 波动，起伏，横摇rip through 裂开，破开；突进，横撞直闯形容地震的破坏程度的动词有（按破换程度从小到大排序）：damage 损害，损伤；〔口语〕伤害，毁坏destroy 毁坏，破坏；摧残shatter 破坏；捣毁；破灭devastate 蹂躏，破坏；使荒废；毁灭level 推倒，夷平flatten 夷为平地哀悼national day of mourning 全国哀悼日mourning ceremony 哀悼仪式national flags fly at half-mast 降半旗致哀silent tribute 默哀online tribute 网上悼念赈灾earthquake relief 赈灾post-disaster reconstruction 灾后重建altitude sickness 高原反应quake victims 遇难者relief work 救援工作Tibetan treatment 藏医疗法medical team 医疗队relief goods 救援物资slide-proof rug 防滑垫cold-proof coat 防寒大衣heat sensor 生命探测仪signs of life 生命迹象plague prevention 防疫plague prevention 鼠疫防疫oxygen deprivation 缺氧oxygen supply 氧源，供氧oxygen mask 氧气罩募捐gala devoted to quake relief 赈灾晚会telethon 为募捐播放的长时间的电视节目campaign-style donation activity 大型募捐活动charity donor 慈善捐赠者donation agreement 捐赠协议charity sale 义卖giveaway buffet ['bʌfit] 慈善餐会地震aftershock 余震epicenter ['episentə] 震中magnitude ['mæɡnitju:d] 震级earthquake monitoring ['mɔnitəriŋ]地震监控earthquake wave / seismic wave 地震波earth tremor ['tremə] 轻微地震Richter ['riktə] Scale(1-10) 里氏震级at a scale of 7 on the Richter calculations 里氏7级地震seismology [saiz'mɔlədʒi, sais-] 地震学。
高中英语-必修一Unit4_Earthquakes-地震(课件)AllHHP
Unit 4 Earthquakes——地震
4．部分否定 ___A_l_l_h_o_p_e__w_a_s_n__o_t _lo_s_t__(不是所有的 希望都破灭了)．
栏目 一分耕耘一分收获 导引
Unit 4 Earthquakes——地震
5．定语从句及“the＋adj.”表示集合 概念 The army organized teams to dig out those ___w_h_o__w_e_r_e_t_r_a_p_p_e_d_(被困的) and to bury __th__e_d_e_a_d___ (死者)．
Unit 4 Earthquakes——地震
基础盘点自测自评
核心单词
1. After the crash，an ambulance took the ___in_j_u_r_e_d____(受伤者) to hospital immediately. 2. ___S_h_o_c_k_e_d___(震惊) at the sad news， my aunt stood there still，not knowing what to say.
栏目 一分耕耘一分收获 导引
Unit 4 Earthquakes——地震
9．On seeing the ___f_r_ig_h_t_e_n_in__g__ scene,the little girl was so _f_r_ig_h_t_e_n_e_d___ that she burst out crying.(frighten) 10．Mr. Wang couldn’t _e_x_p_r_e_s_s_____ himself clearly when he heard the news， but I could tell from his _e_x_p_r_e_s_s_io_n___ that he was very upset.(express)
地震英语介绍
地震英语介绍An Introduction to Earthquakes。
An earthquake is a sudden and violent shaking of the ground, often causing great destruction. It is caused by the movement of the Earth's tectonic plates, which are constantly shifting and colliding with each other. The point where the earthquake originates is called the focus, and the point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus is called the epicenter.Earthquakes can vary in intensity, from minor tremors that are barely noticeable to catastrophic events that can level buildings and cause widespread devastation. The severity of an earthquake is measured on the Richter scale, which assigns a numerical value to the amount of energy released by the quake. The higher the number on the Richter scale, the more powerful the earthquake.The effects of an earthquake can be devastating. Buildings and infrastructure can be severely damaged, leading to loss of life and displacement of communities. In addition to the immediate impact, earthquakes can also trigger other natural disasters, such as tsunamis, landslides, and aftershocks, which can further compound the destruction.In order to mitigate the impact of earthquakes, it is important for communities to be prepared. This includes having emergency plans in place, reinforcing buildings to make them more resistant to shaking, and educating the public about safety measures during an earthquake. Early warning systems can also be implemented to provide advance notice of an impending quake, giving people valuable time to take cover and protect themselves.In recent years, advancements in technology have allowed scientists to better understand and monitor earthquakes. Seismographs, which detect and record the vibrations caused by an earthquake, provide valuable data that can be used to study the Earth's tectonic activity and improve our understanding of how and why earthquakes occur. This knowledge is crucial for developing effective strategies for earthquake preparedness and response.In conclusion, earthquakes are a powerful and unpredictable force of nature that can have devastating consequences. By understanding the causes and effects of earthquakes, and taking proactive measures to prepare for them, we can minimize the impact of these natural disasters and protect the safety and well-being of communities around the world. It is essential for governments, organizations, and individuals to work together to build resilience and reduce the risk posed by earthquakes, ensuring that we are better equipped to face these formidable events in the future.。
有关自然灾害的英语单词
有关自然灾害的英语单词自然灾害Natural Disaster : 地震earthquake 雪崩avalanche火山泥流lahar 泥石流mudflow/landslide debris flow超级火山爆发supervolcano 洪水flood 大(或急剧的)漩涡maelstrom海啸Tsunami 暴风雪blizzard （呵呵）干旱Drought 雹暴Hailstorm热浪heat wave 飓风（台风）Hurricanes, Tropical cyclones, and Typhoons冰雹ice storm 龙卷风tornado 冰河时代ice age 森林大火wildfire流行病Epidemic 饥荒Famine 太阳耀斑Solar flare附：各种自然灾害和人为灾害词汇英汉对照：英语作文：Movie Plot Summary;;An epic adventure about a global cataclysm that brings an end to the world and tells of the heroic struggle of the survivors.An academic researcher leads a group of people in a fight to counteract theapocalyptic events that were predicted by the ancient Mayan calendar and other historical documents, astronomy, biblical and scientific data. It involves the passage of the Age of Pieces into the Age of Aquarius. It also involves the Destroyer, aka Wormwood, Planet X, Nibiru.Over the decades, many have prophesised that the world will end when the ancient Mayan calendar ceases on 21 December 2012. But before that occurs, the human race is bound to face natural disasters such as massive volcano eruptions, typhoons and other natural calamities. An academic researcher opens a portal into a parallel universe and makes contact with his double in order to prevent an apocalypse predicted by the ancient Mayans.Watch online Movie Trailer free 2012 Hollywood film.The film Directed by Roland Emmerich.The Story : 2012 movie tells the story of natural disasters foretold by ancient calendar angle. Sun storms are affecting Earth, culminating in tsunamis, earthquakes and volcanoes. The story itself appears to be standard for disaster movies - short on science, long on stories of numerous individuals, and high on amazing special effects, with a small dose of conspiracy. It’s highly likely a pet dog survives…电影情节摘要;;一个关于全球性灾难，这带来了对世界的结束和对幸存者的可歌可泣的英勇斗争，告诉冒险。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Cost-effectiveness analysis is necessary
EarthquakeEarthquake-resistant joint of Ductile Cast-Iron Pipe Cast-
Rate of earthquake-resistant waterworks facilities and pipelines
Effective precaution for water supply -Pipe lineslines·Use earthquake-resistant pipes earthquake-
Coated steel pipes
Ductile cast-iron pipes with earthquakeresistant joints Polyethylene pipes with electric fusion joint ·Construct bypass and looped pipelines
◆ Epicenter: mountainous region ◆ Richter magnitude scale: 6.9 ◆ Fatalities : 40 ◆ Injuries : about 4,500 ◆ Disruption of water supply : about 130 thousand households ◆ Emergency restoration of water supply facilities : took from 1 to 2 months
AntiAnti-Seismic Measures on Water Supply Suppl Introduction and Overview
Akira NITTA Water Supply Division Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare Government of Japan
Damage to water treatment plants and distribution reservoirs ·Large plants and reservoirs were slightly damaged ·Small plants and reservoirs in the mountain area were seriously damaged by breakdown of surrounding ground. These were moved or sagged and their functions were crashed. ·Private electric generator for emergency didn't start up immediately because of groundwater influx and damage to the peripheral pumps and equipments such as coolant water pumps. ·Antiseismic reinforced facilities were taken no damage.
Effective precaution for water supply -BuildingsBuildingsSeismic damage depends on ground condition and peripheral land form
·It is important to select location of facilities and foundation structure cautiously. ·Don't select high groundwater level area, steep slope and mounded lands.
Recent Major Earthquakes in Japan
■ Kobe Earthquake - January 17,1995
◆ Epicenter: beneath Kobe City ◆ Richter magnitude scale: 7.3 ◆ Fatalities : more than 6,000 ◆ Disruption of water supply : about 1.3 million households just after the disaster, the amount of damage reached about 56 billion JPY (460 million US$) ◆ Emergency restoration of water supply facilities : took about 3 months
Kobe Earthquake - Jan 17,1995 -
←Damage to Buildings in Kobe City
Damage to Water Pipes → (φ800mm)
Kobe Earthquake - Jan 17,1995 -
Fires happened frequently, and a lot of houses were burnt down.
Measures at the hardware side
Antiseismic reinforcement of water supply facilities
Create earthquake-resistance standards of facilities Development of promotion program to enhance earthquake safety to facilities Promotion of improvement to supply main medical centers with quake proof water distributing pipes Urgent renewal of aging and weak pipelines
Damage to water facilities at the Mid Niigata prefecture earthquake
Damage to pipe lines ·The ratio of damage to pipe lines was less than the Kobe earthquake. ·The most damage hit the soft grounds, developed lands banking area and slopes, which is the same tendency of the Kobe earthquake. ·The pipe li with the slope and road failures. ·It was ascertained that antiearthquake measures to pipe lines and renewal of decrepit pipe lines based on the knowledge obtained by Kobe earthquake were effective.
Measures at the software side
Development of emergency water supply planning - Securing of other water supply method and water resource and emergency water delivery route for residents Cooperation agreement between waterworks - Emergency supply and rehabilitation assistance to the waterworks affected by earthquake from other unaffected waterworks Cooperation with relevant institutions such as sewerage - Communicate information about influx to water resources from raw sewage and industrial wastewater - Coordination of restoration of water supply and sewage line
100
耐震化率 耐震化率(%) Rate of earthquake-resistant(%) earthquake (%)
90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 20% 20% 30% 30% 14% 14%
Water treatment 浄水场 plants
配水池 Distribution reservoirs
Damage to water pipes under the ground
The Mid Niigata Prefecture Earthquake - Oct 23, 2004 -
Emergency Water Supply by Water Wagon
Damage to water facilities at the Mid Niigata prefecture earthquake
Kobe Earthquake - Jan 17,1995 -
The sixth floor of the city office was crushed.
Recent Major Earthquakes in Japan
■ The Mid Niigata Prefecture Earthquake - October 23, 2004
The Mid Niigata Prefecture Earthquake - Oct 23, 2004 –