2#模板施工方案
语言学练习Exercise2
Chapter 2 5
Exercises
I. Fill in the blanks. 11. _____ is the smallest linguistic unit. Phoneme 12. According to _____, when there is a choice as to where to place a consonant, it is put into the onset rather than the coda. the maximal onset principle
Chapter 2 7
Exercises
II. Choose the best answer. 15. An aspirated p, an unaspirated p and an unreleased p are _____ of the p phoneme. A. analogues B. tagmemes C. morphemes D. allophones D 16. The opening between the vocal cords is sometimes referred to as _____. A. glottis B. vocal cavity C. pharynx D. uvula A
Chapter 2 14
Exercises
III. Decide whether the following statements are true [T] or false [F]. __ 29. Two sounds are in free variation when they occur in the same environment and do not contrast, namely, the substitution of one for the other does not produce a different word, but merely a different pronunciation. T __ 30. [p] is voiced bilabial stop. F
我的揪痧瘾（2020、2）
我的揪痧瘾（2020、2）我的揪痧瘾医⽣在线⽹2008/12/1709:22来源：我叫⼩美，⼩时侯经常看见⼈们揪痧，但从没体验过，是在我⾼中后，有⼀次重感冒，吃药也不见好，晚上妈妈说我给你揪揪痧吧，我没说什么，妈妈就在我脖⼦后边揪开了，刚开始还不是很疼，但随着吧吧的揪痧声，妈妈的⼿劲越来越⼤，我疼的乱叫，妈妈说痧很重，必须得揪透了才⾏，不管我怎么喊叫，妈妈就是不停⼿，⽽且我越动她就越⽤⼒，我只好咬着⽛强忍着，妈妈从脖⼦⼀直连着揪到肩膀，⼜把整个后背都揪了个遍.我以为终于揪完了，可妈妈⼜在我前胸揪了起来，特别疼，我眼泪都出来了，可妈妈就是不⼿软，揪了⼀个多⼩时，只到把我上⾝揪的紫⿊紫⿊的没⼀块好地⽅才罢⼿，揪出我⼀⾝汗，可别说，揪完我就特轻松舒服了.从此以后我⼀感冒发烧的就让妈妈给揪，我还真喜欢上了这种痛并很快乐的感觉.隔⼀段时间不舒服了就让⽼妈给揪揪全⾝.后来结婚了，我很希望⽼公能给我好好揪⼀次，可他不喜欢揪，总也不给我揪，⽽且他不舒服也不让我给他揪.有⼀次我发烧，晚上实在难受的不⾏，让⽼公给揪揪他怎么也不肯，后来看我不⾏就给我在后背刮了刮痧，可我总觉的没有揪痧的过瘾.⽣完孩⼦后我落下了腰疼的⽑病，去诊所拔了⼏次罐后，感觉挺管⽤，⽼公看我腰疼的直不起来也很着急，后来我治我的腰学会了拔罐，经常在我腰疼的时候给我拔罐、⾛罐、按摩、揪痧等，现在⽼公拔罐揪痧的技术很⾼，不光给我整治腰，在我感冒的时候也会给我揪痧、拔罐，现在我⼜可以感受揪痧拔罐了。
在⽼公的经常拔罐按摩下我的腰疼的次数少多了。
在我的影响下⽼公也爱上了揪痧拔罐，在他不舒服的时候，我也会很体贴的为他揪痧拔罐，他也没那么怕疼了。
现在⽼公⼀不舒服就主动让我给他揪痧。
我们两经常是旧痕未去⼜添新伤，但我们都很快乐！⽼公有⼀次在外地感冒了给我打电话说：“⽼婆我越来越离不开你了，你要在我⾝边就可以给我揪痧了，我真的好难受。
”我说：“你以前不是怕疼⽼不让揪吗？现在想起我的好了？你到外边诊所拔拔罐吧！回来我给你揪。
周边地面 2
周边地面——对没有地下室的建筑指底层房间外墙内侧两米范围内的地面。
对有地下室埋墙的建筑，指从室外地面和埋墙的交线算起向下两米内为周边地面。
非周边地面——对没有地下室的房间指底层地面中周边地面以外的部分。
有地下室埋墙的建筑，非周边地面指埋墙和地面面积的和减去从室外地面和埋墙交线算起向下两米的面积。
关于周边地面和非周边地面的几点说明1．周边地面和非周边地面的定义周边地面指距外墙内表面2m以内的地面，其余部分划为非周边地面。
位于室外地面以下的外墙（地下室外墙）应从与室外地面相平的墙壁算起，往下2m范围内为周边地面，其余部分划为非周边地面。
2．节能标准中对周边地面和非周边地面传热阻的计算《民用建筑节能设计标准》（采暖居住部分）JGJ26-95和《公共建筑节能设计标准》GB50189-2005对周边地面和非周边地面热阻采用了不同的计算方法，应分别对待。
A) 居住建筑：换热阻计算依据来源于《供热工程》（贺平孙刚编著）。
由于室内热量通过地面传到室外的路程长短不同，即热阻值不同，靠近外墙的室内地面，距离室外路程短，热阻值小，传热量大，反之远离外墙的地面热阻值大，传热量小，离外墙8m以远的地面，传热量基本不变。
基于上述情况，在工程上一般采用近似方法计算，把地面沿外墙平行的方向分成四个计算地带（每2m为一个地带，8m以外地面按第四地带考虑），如图1示。
1) 对于贴土非保温地面（组成地面的各层材料导热系数λ都大于1.16W/m?℃），各地带的传热系数和换热阻如下：周边地面传热系数限值为0.52 W / m2·℃地区，考虑到非保温地面第一地带（周边地面）的传热系数为0.47 W / m2·℃，小于限值0.5 2W / m2·℃,可不做保温；非周边地面（第二、三、四地带）不做保温时传热系数最大值为0.23 W / m2·℃,小于限值0.3 W / m2·℃，同样也能满足非周边地面限值的要求。
托福TPO42阅读Passage2原文文本+题目+答案解析
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO42阅读Passage2原文文本+题目+答案解析，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
Explaining Dinosaur Extinction Dinosaurs rapidly became extinct about 65 million years ago as part of a mass extinction known as the K-T event,because it is associated with a geological signature known as the K-T boundary,usually a thin band of sedimentation found in various parts of the world(K is the traditional abbreviation for the Cretaceous,derived from the German name Kreidezeit).Many explanations have been proposed for why dinosaurs became extinct.For example,some have blamed dinosaur extinction on the development of flowering plants,which were supposedly more difficult to digest and could have caused constipation or indigestion—except that flowering plants first evolved in the Early Cretaceous,about 60 million years before the dinosaurs died out.In fact,several scientists have suggested that the duckbill dinosaurs and homed dinosaurs,with their complex battery of grinding teeth,evolved to exploit this new resource of rapidly growing flowering plants Others have blamed extinction on competition from the mammals,which allegedly ate all the dinosaur eggs—except that mammals and dinosaurs appeared at the same time in the Late Triassic,about 190 million years ago,and there is no reason to believe that mammals suddenly acquired a taste for dinosaur eggs after 120 million years of coexistence Some explanations(such as the one stating that dinosaurs all died of diseases)fail because there is no way to scientifically test them,and they cannot move beyond the realm of speculation and guesswork. This focus on explaining dinosaur extinction misses an important point the extinction at the end of the Cretaceous was a global event that killed off organisms up and down the food chain.It wiped out many kinds of plankton in the ocean and many marine organisms that lived on the plankton at the base of the food chain.These included a variety of clams and snails,and especially the ammonites,a group of shelled squidlike creatures that dominated the Mesozoic seas and had survived many previous mass extinctions.The K-T event marked the end of the marine reptiles,such as the mosasaurs and the plesiosaurs,which were the largest creatures that had ever lived in the seas and which ruled the seas long before whales evolved.On land,there was also a crisis among the land plants,in addition to the disappearance of dinosaurs.So any event that can explain the destruction of the base of the food chain(plankton in the ocean,plants on land)can better explain what happened to organisms at the top of the food chain,such as the dinosaurs.By contrast,any explanation that focuses strictly on the dinosaurs completely misses the point The Cretaceous extinctions were a global phenomenon,and dinosaurs were just a part of a bigger picture. According to one theory,the Age of Dinosaurs ended suddenly 65 million years ago when a giant rock from space plummeted to Earth.Estimated to be ten to fifteen kilometers in diameter,this bolide(either a comet or an asteroid)was traveling at cosmic speeds of 20-70 kilometers per second,or 45,000-156,000 miles per hour.Sucha huge mass traveling at such tremendous speeds carries an enormous amount of energy.When the bolide struck this energy was released and generated a huge shock wave that leveled everything for thousands of kilometers around the impact and caused most of the landscape to burst into flames.The bolide struck an area of the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico known as Chicxulub,excavating a crater 15-20 kilometers deep and at least 170 kilometers in diameter.The impact displaced huge volumes of seawater,causing much flood damage in the Caribbean.Meanwhile,the bolide itself excavated 100 cubic kilometers of rock and debris from the site,which rose to an altitude of 100 kilometers.Most of it fell back immediately,but some of it remained as dust in the atmosphere for months.This material,along with the smoke from the fires,shrouded Earth,creating a form of nuclear winter.According to computerized climate models,global temperatures fell to near the freezing point,photosynthesis halted,and most plants on land and in the sea died.With the bottom of the food chain destroyed,dinosaurs could not survive. paragraph 1 Dinosaurs rapidly became extinct about 65 million years ago as part of a mass extinction known as the K-T event,because it is associated with a geological signature known as the K-T boundary,usually a thin band of sedimentation found in various parts of the world(K is the traditional abbreviation for the Cretaceous,derived from the German name Kreidezeit).Many explanations have been proposed for why dinosaurs became extinct.For example,some have blamed dinosaur extinction on the development of flowering plants,which were supposedly more difficult to digest and could have caused constipation or indigestion—except that flowering plants first evolved in the Early Cretaceous,about 60 million years before the dinosaurs died out.In fact,several scientists have suggested that the duckbill dinosaurs and homed dinosaurs,with their complex battery of grinding teeth,evolved to exploit this new resource of rapidly growing flowering plants Others have blamed extinction on competition from the mammals,which allegedly ate all the dinosaur eggs—except that mammals and dinosaurs appeared at the same time in the Late Triassic,about 190 million years ago,and there is no reason to believe that mammals suddenly acquired a taste for dinosaur eggs after 120 million years of coexistence Some explanations(such as the one stating that dinosaurs all died of diseases)fail because there is no way to scientifically test them,and they cannot move beyond the realm of speculation and guesswork. 1.In paragraph 1,why does the author include a discussion of when flowering plants evolved? 【事实信息题】 A.To help explain why some scientists believe that the development of flowering plants led to dinosaur extinction。
新概念2英语听力原文
20. Fishing is my favourite sport. I often fish for hours without catching anything. But this does not worry me. Some fishermen are unlucky. Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish. I am even less lucky. I never catch anything—not even old boots. After having spent whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag. 'Y ou must give up fishing!' my friends say.' It's a waste of time.' But they don't realize one impor tant thing. I'm not really interested in fishing. I am only interested in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all !21. Aeroplanes are slowly driving me mad. I live near an airport and passing planes can be heard night and day. The airport was built during the war, but for some reason it could not be used then. Last year, however, it came into use. Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise. I am one of the few people left. Sometimes I think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane. I have been offered a large sum of money to go away, but I am determined to stay here. Everybody says I must be mad and they are probably right.22. My daughter, Jane, never dreamed of receiving a letter from a girl of her own age in Holland. Last year, we were travelling across the Channel and Jane put a piece of paper with her name and address on it into a bottle. She threw the bottle into the sea. She never thought of it again, but ten months later, she received a letter from a girl in Holland. Both girls write to each other regularly now. However, they have decided to use the post-office. Letters will cost a litt1e more, but they will certainly travel faster.23. I had a letter from my sister yesterday. She lives in Nigeria. In her letter, she said that she would come to England next year. If she comes, she will get a surprise. We are now living in a beautiful new house in the country. Work on it had begun before my sister left. The house was com pleted five months ago. In my letter, I told her that she could stay with us. The house has many large rooms and there is a lovely garden. It is a very modern house, so it looks strange to some people. It must be the only modern house in the district.24. entered the hotel manager's office and sat down. I had just lost &50 and I felt very upset.' I left the money in my room,' I said, 'and it's not there now.' The manager was sympathetic, but he could do nothing. 'Everyone's losing money these days,' he said. He started to com plain about this wicked world but was interrupted by a knock at the door. A girl came in and put an envelope on his desk. It contained &5o. 'I found this outside this gentleman's room' she said. 'Well,' I said to the manager, 'there is still some honesty in this world !'25. I arrived in London at last. The railwaystation was big, black and dark. I did not know the way to my hotel, so I asked a porter. I not only spoke English verycarefully, but very clearly as well. The porter, however, could not understand me; I repeated my question several times and at last he understood. He answered me, but he spoke neither slowly nor clearly. 'I am a foreigner,' I said. Then he spoke slowly, but I could not under stand him. My teacher never spoke Eng- lish like that! The porter and I looked at each other and smiled. Then he said something and I understood it. 'Y ou'll soon learn English!' he said. I wonder. In England, each man speaks a different language. The English understand each other, but I don't understand them ! Do they speak English ?。
2的书写方法
2的书写方法在日常生活中，我们经常会涉及到数字2的书写。
无论是在学习、工作还是生活中，正确的书写方法都是非常重要的。
下面，我们就来详细了解一下数字2的书写方法。
首先，我们要明确数字2的基本形态。
数字2是阿拉伯数字中的一个，它的基本形态是一个弯曲的弧线，上面有一个小圆圈。
这是我们最常见的数字2的书写形式，也是最标准的书写形式。
在书写时，我们需要注意保持数字2的整体形状，保持圆润、匀称，不要出现歪斜、变形等情况。
其次，我们要注意数字2的书写顺序。
在书写数字2时，一般是从上到下、从左到右的书写顺序。
首先画出数字2的上半部分的曲线，然后再画下半部分的曲线，最后在上半部分的曲线上方画一个小圆圈。
这样的书写顺序可以帮助我们更好地掌握数字2的书写方法，保持数字的整体形状和美观度。
除了基本形态和书写顺序外，我们还需要了解数字2的书写规范。
在正式的文件、文书、报告中，数字2的书写需要符合一定的规范。
一般来说，数字2要与其他数字保持一致的字体、大小和风格，以保持整个文档的统一性和美观度。
在手写时，我们也需要注意字迹工整、规范，避免出现潦草、模糊的情况。
此外，数字2的书写还需要注意与其他数字的区分。
在一些情况下，数字2可能会与字母z混淆，因此在书写时要特别小心，确保数字2的书写清晰可辨，不会引起误解。
总的来说，正确的数字2的书写方法对我们的学习、工作和生活都是非常重要的。
通过掌握数字2的基本形态、书写顺序和书写规范，我们能够更好地书写出整洁、规范的数字2，提高书写质量，避免出现错误和混淆。
希望大家能够重视数字2的书写方法，不断提升自己的书写水平，为自己的学习和工作增添亮点。
新标准大学英语视听说教程2（听力材料文本及答案）
新标准⼤学英语视听说教程2（听⼒材料⽂本及答案）College culture Unit 1Unit 1 College cultureInside viewConversation1Janet ：So this is the Cherwell Boathouse –it’s lovely! And look at those people punting! It looks quite easy.Mark ：I’m not so sure about that! Janet, there’s something Kate an d I wanted to discuss with you. Some people in college are organizing charity events this term. We’ve decided to get involved.Janet ：Raising money for charity? Right. In China, people raise money for charity but students don’t usually do that.Mark ：Stu dents often do that here. Anyway, we’re thinking of doing sponsored punting.Janet ：Sponsored punting! What’s that?Kate ：Sponsoring is when people pay you to do something –like run a long distance. So people would be sponsoring students to punt.Janet ：What a great idea! I’d love to join you!Mark ：That’s why we’re telling you about it. So that’s decided then. Let’s make a list of things we need to do.Kate ：I’ll do that. One of the first things we should do is choose the charity. Mark ：Yes. And choose a day for the event. And we need to design the sponsorship form. I’ve got one here.Kate ：That looks fine, but we must change the wording. Who wants to do that? Mark ：I’ll do that. What have we got so far? Kate ：Choose a charity. Also a day for the event. Change the wording on the sponsorship form…Um … We have to decide where the punt will start from.Mark ：Cherwell Boathouse, no question! It's a very beautiful route from here, apparently.Kate ：I’m with you on that.Janet ：Me too …Conversation2Janet ：I’m not used to boats – Woah!Mark ：Whoops!Kate ：Watch out! You nearly hit me with that thing!Mark ：Sorry! I didn’t mean to. … OK, we’re off!Kate ：Maybe I should do the punting.Mark ：It’s fine. I’ve got the hang of it now – give me a chance.Kate ：Well, I’d like to have a go.Mark ：Supposing I do the first hour. Then you can take over for a while, if youwant to.Kate ：Yes, great.Janet ：You’re really good at it, Mark! This is fantastic! It’s exactly how I imagined lifehere! Look over there –isn’t it lovely!Kate ：Yes, it is.…Janet ：Kate, everything’s organized, isn’t it, for8 collecting the sponsorship money?Kate ：Yes, I’ve arranged for people to get the money to me by next Friday – if they haven’t paid online. I’ll coun t it all up. Janet ：Good. We’d better have a meeting soon after that, don’t you think? How much have weraised?Kate ：About 600.Janet：Fantastic! I’m so enjoying this!Mark ：Hey guys, I’ve got a suggestion – how about moving over to the bank and we can have ourpicnic! Hey, look, there’s Louise and Sophie!Mark ：Whoo …Girls Mark!Janet ：Are you all right?Mark ：Er … Of course I’m all right. Kate, I think it’s your turn to punt!Outside viewV/OHarvard University in Cambridge is one of the best universities in the world. We spoke to Alex Jude, the university’s Head of Communications. He explained that Harvard looks for the best and most talented students from around the world.AlexHarvard actually seeks students from around the world, the best students that we can find, to study chemistry, or study literature, or study government, or business. Our business school is particularly well-known around the world, as is the medical school and law school, so, um, and, and the Kennedy School of government, for the John F. Kennedy School of Government, so, er, we do seek very, very talented students and we have open doors for them.V/OWe asked five students at Harvard to tell us what kind of social life they have. AshleyUm, well relaxing is a little hard to do around here, but basically, I mean, I still, I, I live nearby anyway, so I see a lot of my friends, and … Um, there’s a good social life here if you look for it. I go to the gym, run. So that’s what I do.AdamIt is whatever you want it to be. It’s good. If you wanna go out party, do anything you can. If you wanna sit in your room and study all night like my friend over here, you can also do that.BrianSocially, like you said, it’s, it’s a lot of what you make it. Um, we don’t have fra ternities here, and so, you know, that’s, it’s obviously not as social. There’s not as many parties as there would be on another campus. Um, but on a Friday or Saturday night, there, there, there will be a party. Usually we end up studying until about 10 o’clock. And then we, and then we’ll go out and have fun maybe, or just watch a movie with friends, or, you know, whatever is going on for the night. JodieNot everyone would agree with me, obviously, but it’s, I think it’s a fun place to be.Int.Have you made a lot of friends?JodieOh, definitely.Int. ：Mm.JodieMany.Int.What, what do you do with your friends?JodieUm, well, I like to go to concerts. I’m in three music groups, so I have lots of rehearsals during the week for that. Um, just do, you know, some fun things, on the weekend.V/OWe asked the Harvard students if they use theInternet.AshleyUm, I, I use it a fairly good amount. Um, our library system is online, so I use that a lot. And a lot of my classes, you know, have to do research papers. You can find a lot of information on there, so.Int.So how often do you use it, a week, a day?AshleyUm, I use it probably on more of a weekly basis. Maybe three or four times a week. BrianOh yes, definitely. We live through the Internet actually. Well, I do a lot of research through the Internet, follow my stocks on the Internet. Um, well, even though e-mail is not officially Internet, we, that’s how we communicate a lot at college, so, through the e-mail.JohnUm, I use the internet mostly for, er, I’d say, sort of leisure purposes. I mean, I play, um, I use it for a lot of, I don’t, we don’t have TV in my room, so I use it, uh, uh, go to the CNN website, keep up on current events, things like that. Uh, I also, uh, you know, there’s some little games to play over the Internet. Um, just um, I go to /doc/7b7573332.htmlto see what’s happening, follow the Boston Red Sox, things like that. Um, I think a lot of courses use it to post things, but I, I don’t usually use it that much for research, or things. I tend to use the libraries for such things, so.Listening inPassage1V/OHi, I’m Nick Carter, and this is SUR, your university radio station. This morning we went around campus to ask freshers –now half-way through their first year –the question, “How are you finding uni?” Here are some of the answers we got. Speaker 1It’s cool. It’s everything I hoped it would be. I’m very ambitious, I want to be a journalist and I want to get to the top of the profession. I’ve started writing f or the university newspaper so I’ve got my foot on the ladder already. Speaker 2I’m working hard and the teaching is as good as I expected. And I’ve made some good friends. But I’m very homesick. I’m Nigerian and my family’s so far away.I went home at Christmas for a month – that really helped, but man, I miss my family so much.Speaker 3“How am I finding uni?” It’s great. It’s not perfect, nothing is, but, like, I’ve got a brilliant social life, just brilliant, and I’ve made lots of friends. For the first few months I just didn’t do, really enough work. But I – I talked about it with my parents and I’m working harder now and getting good grades. Speaker 4Actually, I’ve been quite lonely to be honest. I’m a bit shy … everyone else seemed to find it so easy to make friends straight away. But things have been better recently –yeah, they have. I’ve joined a couple of clubs and like, it really helps to get to know people when you have shared interests. So, yeah –I’m feeling a lot happier now.Speaker 5Uni’s great, I love it. My only problem –and it’s quite a big problem –is money. My parents are both unemployed so, you know, they can’t help me financially. My grant just isn’t –it’s just not enough for me to live on, so I’ve taken a part-time job as a waitress – a lot of people I know, like a lot, have had to do the same. I don’t want to have huge debts at the end.Speaker 6I love my subject, History, and I’m, I’m getting fantastic teaching here. I want to be a university lecturer and that means I have to get a first. I have a good social life but work definitely comes first for me.Passage2Oxford and Cambridge – two universities so similar that they are often spoken of together as“Oxbridge”. They’re both in the UK, fairly near London, and both regularly come top in any ranking of the world’s best universities.The two universities began within a century of each other. Oxford University, now 900 years old,was founded towards the end of the 11th century. In 1209 there was a dispute between the university and the townspeople of Oxford. As a result, some of the Oxford teachers left and founded a university in the town of Cambridge, some 84 miles away. Ever since then, the two institutions have been very competitive.Unlike most modern universities, both Oxford and Cambridge consist of a large number of colleges. Oxford has 39 and Cambridge 31. Many of these colleges have old and very beautiful architecture, and large numbers of tourists visit them.In all UK universities, you need good grades in the national exams taken at 18. But to get into Oxford and Cambridge, it’s not enough to get A grades in your exams. You also have to go for a long interview. In these interviews, students need to show that they are creative and capable of original thinking.Through the centuries, both universities have made huge contributions to British cultural life.They have produced great writers, world leaders and politicians. Cambridge, in particular, has produced scientists whose discoveries and inventions have changed our lives.Among the great university institutions is the world’s most famous debating society, the Oxford Union, where undergraduates get a chance to practise speaking in public. Cambridge’s comedy club Footlights has produced many first-class comedians, while some of the UK’s most famous actors and actresses began their careers at The Oxford University Dramatic Society, known as OUDS. Then there’s the Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race, which takes place every year in March or April, and is watched on television all over the UK.So with all this excellence in so many fields, it’s not surprising that the ambition of clever students all over the world is to attend either one of these great universities.Unit 2Inside viewConversation1Kate ：Come in. Hey, Janet.Janet ：Hi Kate, are you busy?Kate ：Yes, I’m just doing an essay. But it’s great to see you. So what’s new? Janet ：Well, nothing much.Kate ：You look a bit fed up. What’s bugging you?Janet ：Well, I had a phone call from my parents and it made me feel homesick. It happens everytime they call, and it gets me down.Kate ：I’m sorry to hear that. I know how you feel. I love speaking to my mum and dad, but Ialways feel miserable after the call.Janet ：My dad doesn’t say muc h, and I want to speak to him, but I wish I knew what to say.Kate ：Don’t let it get to you. My dad doesn’t say much on the phone either. I call, he answersthe phone, and says, “Hi, I’ll pass you to your mother.” It’s really irritating. Janet ：But I miss him and my mother a lot, and I like to hear his voice.Kate ：Just tell him what you’re up to.Janet ：Sometimes I feel as if I made a mistake leaving home and coming to Oxford. Sometimes I feel like a moody teenager. Kate ：Try not to worry about it, Janet. It’s normal to feel like that. I understand how you feel, butI bet everything will be fine next term. You’ll get used to it. Hey, why don’t you do what I do?Janet ：What’s that?Kate ：When my dad calls, I ask him for more money! He usually says no, but at least I getto hear his voice!Janet ：Maybe. I’m sorry to take up your time, Kate, but I must go now. Bye! Kate ：Wait a minute …!Conversation2Kate ：I think I may have upset Janet last night.Mark ：What happened?Kate ：She came to see me. I was busy doing an essay but I was really pleased to see her. She’d had a call from home, and said she was feeling homesick.Mark ：Poor kid! It must be tough on you guys, living so far away from home.Kate ：I tried to make her laugh, told her not to worry about it, and that it was normal to feel miserable. Suddenly she looked miserable, and then she got up and said, “I must go now” and left my room. It was really sudden. I felt as if I’d said something wrong.Mark ：Maybe she was just being polite. It was probably because she realized you were working and didn’t want to disturb you.Kate ：I just wonder if she found it difficult to talk about her feelings with me. Maybe I shouldn’thave tried to make her laugh? Perhaps she thought I wasn’t taking her seriously. Mark ：I wouldn’t worry about it. Put yourself in her shoes. How would you feel if you were a student at college in China?Kate ：I know. That’s why I feel bad. If only she had stayed longer! I wish I could have helped her more.Janet ：Hey, everyone!Mark ：Hi Janet, you look cheerful!Janet ：Yes, I’ve just got my essay back. I got an alpha minus!Kate ：What an amazing grade! Well done.Mark ：I’m really happy for you, Janet.Janet ：I feel on top of the world!Outside viewSebastienHi. I’m Sebastien. I’m from Germany. Um, the idea of IQ of a measure of your brain power has been around for a while, but recently there’s been this new idea of the EQ –your emotional quotient. And by now, it’s actually almost being regarded as more importan t. If you look at it, businesses will … Well, they will prefer employing people with great EQ. Well, of course, IQ cannot be disregarded, but um, EQ does have its importance as well. Uh, I believe that, um, … I mean, people, most people will have, um, their basic means of communicating with other people. Most people are somewhat socially adept, and just like most people have, you know, a basic general knowledge. But then, what I think really is the difference betweenIQ and EQ, I mean, you can have a “brainiac”, and they will be great at most things they do, but if you just can’t get along with him, if you just can’t communicate with him, I mean, you know, he’s not really that useful.KimHi. This is Kim. I’m originally from Korea, and I was raised in Ca lifornia. And today, we are going to talk about the differences between IQ and EQ – IQ meaning your intelligence, EQ meaning your emotions. Now, in … When I was, when I was a little, little boy in Korea, I had to take … I think I’d taken like two or three IQ tests before the age of ten, which is when I moved to California. So, I guess we stress a lot of importance on intelligence, on having great IQ scores. But after I moved to the States, I learnt how to associate with people, and along the linesthat this word EQ came up, you know, emotional, caring about … It’s basically how you deal with people, howyou make people feel, and how people make you feel.I think they’re equally as, as important, but it seems that in the Eastern world they kind of stress on that a lot more back in the days. But I think again, you know, now that with Internet and people are communicating so much faster, there’s a better mixture of the two I think. There’s a stress on EQ in Korea as well, and a stress on IQ in the States. Thank you.TedHello. My name is Ted, and I’m from the United States of America. Today, I’m going to talk a little bit about IQ or EQ – which is most important, or which is more important. Now, for a long time when I was growing up, people said, “IQ. What’s your IQ? Take an IQ test.” But then EQ, your emotions, how you interact with people, that became very important. And I think they’re …that people might be onto something with that, because your EQ – how you deal with people, how you interact with people –is important. Now, a big part of this, in my opinion, is listening.I know I’m talking a lot right now, but if you want to get along well with people, you have to listen to them, so just take a minute, maybe shut your mouth for a minute, and listen to others, and then you can understand and communicate with them in a better way. So, part of EQ, I think, is listening – listening to others – and it can be more important than IQ.Listening inPassage1PresenterWe’re fortunate to have as our guest to day Dr Jenna Hudson, who has just written a book about how colours affect us in our surroundings, especially in the world of advertising. It’s called Market Colours. Dr Hudson, which are the most common colours in advertising and marketing?Dr HudsonWell, of course, it depends what image the marketing team wish to project with their products. So for example, we often think of blue as a cold colour, but it also makes you feel peaceful, quiet, and it doesn’t suggest strong emotions. So it’s a favourite for banks and insurance companies, who wish to suggest the image that they are trustworthy. And for selling products, it’s often used tosuggest something is pure and fresh.What about red?You can sell almost anything with red. It’s a hot colour, which su ggests a feeling of energy and even passion. It grabs your attention, and can make people buy almost anything. You often see red on magazine covers. But if you use it too much, it lookscheap and may make people tired. And orange has a similar effect to re d, it’s upbeat and happy, it suggests pleasant feelings and images. Most people react well to orange, and it’s especially popular in advertising and on packaging for baked food. What about yellow, for instance?Yellow is the colour of sunshine and it’s a positive, happy colour, so it’s used a lot in advertising. But it’s also often used for warning signs, direction signs, and so on, where you have to read the message quickly and at a distance.What about less popular colours for advertising?Surprisingl y, green isn’t used much in advertising except for garden products. It’s friendly and restful. It can be cool and soothing, the colour of apples and mint, but it can also be quite strong and many people associate it with unpleasant ideas of decay or slimy creatures. But most colours are not primary colours, they’re a combination. Absolutely. So yellow-orange is common, and often used to give an impression of style and class, it looks like gold. But it’s not often used in letters because it’s not very strong. And yellow-green reminds people of feeling sick.Blue-green works well as a cool colour, suggesting freshness, and is sometimes used for toothpaste products, bathroom products, food and household cleaning products. It has many of the advantages of blue without the disadvantages of green. Fascinating.Thank you very much, DrScriptsHudson. Market Colours by Dr JennaHudson is on sale from next week,priced ￡15.99 …Passage2Presenter ：What makes you embarrassed, Sally?Sally ：Oh, I’m easily embarra ssed. If anybody notices me or looks at me, I get very embarrassed. When people sing me Happy Birthday on my birthday, I get very embarrassed.Presenter ：And what makes you upset?Sally ：When people are selfish, people who think only of themselves. And cruelty –I can’t bear people who are cruel, especially to animals or children. Presenter ：Jake, what makes you depressed?Jake ：I hate it when it rains, and I don’t like people who look down on me, who think they’re superior to me without any reason.Presenter ：And what makes you angry?Jake ：When people don’t behave properly in public, bad behaviour like dropping litter or people pushing each other on the bus or the train.Presenter ：Andrew, what makes you cheerful?Andrew ：I like to see everyone around me being happy and having a positive attitude towards the future, optimistic people. Presenter ：And what makes you jealous?Andrew ：Well, to be honest, I just never feel jealous. I can’t see the point of it.Presenter ：Monica, what makes you proud?Monica ：I’m proud when I’m successful, especially in my work. Being recognized by my boss for what I can do makes me feel really proud. Oh, and my family. I’m very proud of them.Presenter ：And what makes you nervous?Monica ：Every time I teach a new c lass. The night before I’m very nervous. You don’t know what the kids are going to be like and how they might behave, or if they’re going to like you.Presenter ：Anything else?Monica ：Doing interviews like this.Unit 3 Crime watchInside viewConversation1Kate ：So, what did you think of the movie?Mark ：It was good but I thought it was too long.Kate ：Yes, me too.Kate ：Hey, where’s my bike? I don’t believe it! It’s gone!Mark ：It was next to mine, you chained it up!Kate ：Someone’s stolen it! Oh, how could they!Mark ：Oh, Kate!Kate ：How could someone have done this! The creep!Mark ：It’s a really mean thing to do, steal a bike.Kate ：It was a mountain bike and it cost a fortune –I don’t have the money to buy another one. Mark ：Listen, I’ll go down the street and see if I can see anyone with it. Why don’t you go into that shop and see if they’ve seen anything suspicious? I’ll be back in a minute. Kate ：OK.…Kate ：Well?Mark ：No luck. What did they say in the shop?Kate ：I asked th e shopkeeper if she’d seen anything –Mark ：And?Kate ：She said she hadn’t. I guess it was a long shot. She advised me to report it to the police. But according to her, bikes get stolen all the time around here.Mark ：Listen, let’s get back so you can report it.Kate ：I’ve got no bike. I’m just so upset!Mark ：It’s not far to college. Come on!。
商务英语阅读教程Unit 2
Unit 2 Multinational CorporationPart I Pre-reading Questions1.Multinational corporations are business entities that operate in more than one country. One typical function is located in one country, while other facilities are located in other countries. In some circles, this type of corporation refers to a multinational enterprise or a transnational corporation.2. Multinational corporations have many branches at home and abroad, and their strategic objectives are oriented to the international market, aiming at maximizing global profits and controlling foreign companies through holdings.3. Corporate social responsibility refers to the responsibility for consumers, the community and the environment while creating profits for shareholders and the staff. The social responsibility of the enterprise requires taking the profit as the goal, emphasizing the concern of the human value in the production process and the contribution to the environment, consumers and society.Part II Extensive ReadingText A Going Global1.主旨归纳：The function of CSR has become more and more important in the world. Manycompanies begin to focus on the establishment of CSR. We are aware of the significance that CSR takes a part in obtaining certification and establishing the brand of a corporation. CSR will continue to expand across the globe if the market remains to open up.2.结构分析Part I The rich countries like Britain, America and Japan focus on different aspects of CSR. (Paras. 1-2)Part II The lead on CSR shifts from the rich world to the big emerging markets. (Paras. 3-13)A.India wants to improve basic services like schools and health care.B.China begins to redefine CSR to gain acceptability and build the brand.C.NGOs make great efforts to manage their reputation.Part III The conclusion: CSR has influenced the emerging countries, which will continue if markets stay open. (Paras. 14-18)3. 难句解析(1) Such differences in priorities are bound to grow in importance as the BRIC countries — Brazil, Russia, India and China — and other emerging markets gain in economic clout and confidence. (Para. 3)随着金砖四国（巴西、俄罗斯、印度和中国）以及其他新兴市场的经济影响力和自信的不断增强，发展优先性方面的差异一定会变得越来越重要。
三全中,三中二,二中二,计算公式
号码复式三中三,三中二计算方法:n(n-1)---------=二中二的组数,如10个号是（10×9÷2）＝45组!2n(n-1)(n-2)---------------- =三中二（或三中三）的组数,如10个号（10×9×8÷6）＝120组!3*2 *1n(n-1)(n-2)(n-3)----------------------- =四中四（或四中二）的组数,如10个号（10×9×8×7÷24）＝210组!4* 3*2 *1n(n-1)(n-2)(n-3)(n-4)---------------------------- =五中五（或五中二）的组数,如10个号（10×9×8×7×6÷120）＝252组!5* 4* 3*2 *1n(n-1)(n-2)(n-3)(n-4)(n-5)--------------------------------- =六中六（或六中二）的组数,如10个号（10×9×8×7×6×5÷720）＝210组! 6* 5* 4* 3* 2 * 1复式连（三中三）（三中二）赔率表:===============================================组合个数‖ 组数‖ 中二个‖ 中三个‖ 中四个‖ 中五个 ‖ 中六个 ‖===============================================4 ‖ 4 ‖ 2组 ‖ 3组＋1 ‖ 0组＋4 ‖===============================================5 ‖ 10 ‖ 3组 ‖ 6组＋1 ‖ 6组＋4 ‖ 0组＋10‖===============================================6 ‖ 20 ‖ 4组 ‖ 9组＋1 ‖ 12组＋4‖ 10组＋10 ‖ 0组＋20‖===============================================7 ‖ 35 ‖ 5组 ‖ 12组＋1‖ 18组＋4‖ 20组＋10‖ 15组＋20‖===============================================8 ‖ 56 ‖ 6组 ‖ 15组＋1‖ 24组＋4‖ 30组＋10‖ 30组＋20‖===============================================9 ‖ 84 ‖ 7组 ‖ 18组＋1‖ 30组＋4‖ 40组＋10‖ 45组＋20‖===============================================10 ‖ 120 ‖ 8组 ‖ 21组＋1‖ 36组＋4‖ 50组＋10‖ 60组＋20‖===============================================11 ‖ 165 ‖ 9组 ‖ 24组＋1 ‖ 42组＋4‖ 60组＋10‖ 75组＋20‖===============================================12 ‖ 220 ‖ 10组 ‖ 27组＋1‖ 48组＋4‖ 70组＋10‖ 90组＋20‖===============================================13 ‖ 286 ‖ 11组 ‖ 30组＋1‖ 54组＋4‖ 80组＋10‖ 105组＋20‖===============================================14 ‖ 364 ‖ 12组 ‖ 33组＋1‖ 60组＋4‖ 90组＋10‖ 120组＋20‖===============================================15 ‖ 455 ‖ 13组 ‖ 36组＋1‖ 66组＋4‖ 100组＋10‖ 135组＋20‖===============================================组合个数‖ 组数‖ 中二个‖ 中三个‖ 中四个‖ 中五个 ‖ 中六个 ‖===============================================2中2复式计算公式2个码=2*1/2=1组2中2复式计算公式3个码=3*2/2=3组3中3复式计算公式3个码=3*2*1/6=1组3中3复式计算公式4个码=4*3*2/6=4组4中4复式计算公式4个码=4*3*2*1/24=1组4中4复式计算公式5个码=5*4*3*2/24=5组5中5复式计算公式5个码=5*4*3*2*1/120=1组5中5复式计算公式6个码=6*5*4*3*2/120=6组6中6复式计算公式6个码=6*5*4*3*2*1/720=1组6中6复式计算公式7个码=7*6*5*4*3*2/720=7组7中7复式计算公式7个码=7*6*5*4*3*2*1/5040=1组7中7复式计算公式8个码=8*7*6*5*4*3*2/5040=8组注：其实很简单，所有的复式都有公式可算的，全有关连，细看一定能看出的。
2是什么意思
2是什么意思
2是一个网络用语，通常有多种理解意思，可以理解为“爱”，理解为“笨”、“傻”的意思，也可以形容一个人很活泼开朗、幽默并且个性，还可以用来形容人呆住、无语。
众所周知，在网络中，2通常有多种理解意思，一种理解为“爱”，如数字串“520”=我爱你，数字串“5201314”=我爱你一生一世，数字串“258”=爱我吧，数字串“7758258”=亲亲我吧爱我吧，数字串“52410”=我爱死你了。
其他一种理解为“笨”、“傻”的意思。
例如250，2货。
这种意思的2来源于"62"，近似于杭州方言“盒子”，用来形容人脑袋空空比较笨。
另一种意思就是形容一个人很活泼开朗，很幽默并且个性，比如说：“很2很光芒”。
还有一种用来形容人呆住、无语的意思，如：看到这个成绩我瞬间就2了。
同时，在北京方言里，2也表示一种傻，脑子不灵活的意思。
新概念英语第四册课文及翻译：Lesson2
⽆忧考新概念频道为⼤家整理的新概念英语第四册课⽂及翻译：Lesson2，供⼤家参考。
更多阅读请查看本站频道。
【课⽂】 First listen and then answer the following question. 听录⾳，然后回答以下问题。
How much of each year do spiders spend killing insects? Why, you may wonder, should spiders be our friends? Because they destroy so many insects, and insects include some of the greatest enemies of the human race. Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; they would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, if it were not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals. We owe a lot to the birds and beasts who eat insects but all of them put together kill only a fraction of the number destroyed by spiders. Moreover, unlike some of the other insect eaters, spiders never do the harm to us or our belongings. Spiders are not insects, as many people think, nor even nearly related to them. One can tell the difference almost at a glance, for a spider always has eight legs and an insect never more than six. How many spiders are engaged in this work on our behalf? One authority on spiders made a census of the spiders in grass field in the south of England, and he estimated that there were more than 2,250,000 in one acre; that is something like 6,000,000 spiders of different kinds on a football pitch. Spiders are busy for at least half the year in killing insects. It is impossible to make more than the wildest guess at how many they kill, but they are hungry creatures, not content with only three meals a day. It has been estimated that the weight of all the insects destroyed by spiders in Britain in one year would be greater than the total weight of all the human beings in the country. 【New words and expressions ⽣词和短语】 insect n. 昆⾍ devour v. 吞⾷ flock n. ⽺群 herd n. 牧群 beast n. 野兽 fraction n. ⼩部分 census n. 统计数字 acre n. 英亩 content adj. 满⾜的 【课⽂注释】 1. you may wonder 是这个疑问句的插⼊语。
汉字二的正确写法
汉字二的正确写法汉字是中国人民的文字和文化传承的重要组成部分。
其中，汉字二作为一个常见的汉字，其正确的写法具有重要意义。
本文将探讨汉字"二"的正确写法，并提供一些书写规范和技巧。
一、笔画顺序汉字二是一个非常简单的汉字，只包含一笔，其笔画顺序非常重要。
正确的笔画顺序可以帮助书写者提高书写速度和书写准确度。
在书写汉字二时，我们应该先写横折笔画，再写竖直笔画。
二、横折笔画横折笔画是汉字二的主要组成部分。
横折笔画应该从左上角开始，向右下方倾斜，形成一个较长的横线。
横线的长度可以根据个人喜好和书写空间的限制来调整，但是要保持横线的平直和统一。
三、竖直笔画竖直笔画是汉字二的另一个组成部分。
竖直笔画应该从横折笔画的右下方开始，向下方延伸，长度与横折笔画保持一致或稍长一些。
竖直笔画要直立且与横线相交。
四、书写规范除了正确的笔画顺序外，书写汉字二还应该遵循一些书写规范，以保证字形的美观和整齐。
以下是一些常见的书写规范：1. 字形比例：汉字二的字形应该保持适当的比例，横线和竖线的长度应该相对平衡，不宜过长或过短。
2. 笔画粗细：汉字二在书写时，横线和竖线的笔画宽度应该保持相对一致，不要出现明显的粗细不均。
3. 书写速度：书写汉字二时应尽量提高书写速度，以便提高书写效率和准确度。
可以通过反复练习和多次书写来提高书写速度。
五、书写技巧除了正确的笔画顺序和书写规范外，我们还可以采用一些书写技巧来提高汉字二的书写质量。
1. 练习常用字：汉字二作为一个常见字，我们可以通过多次书写和模仿来提高书写的技巧和速度。
2. 视频教学：现在网络上有许多提供汉字书写视频教学的资源，通过观看这些视频，我们可以学习到正确的字形和书写方法。
3. 使用规范字帖：规范字帖是一种专门用来练习书写汉字的工具。
使用规范字帖可以帮助我们掌握正确的字形和书写技巧。
六、总结正确书写汉字二是每个中国人都应该掌握的基本技能之一。
通过遵循正确的笔画顺序、书写规范和使用书写技巧，我们可以提高汉字二的书写质量和美观度。
高英 2 资料
6.Para 17: I have an unending love affair with dictionaries.
--I have always had an intense and eager interest in dictionaries..
2.That’s only for show.
That’s only for pretense. The Jews only pretend to work as a poor laborer. He is in reality very rich.
3.Par. 20: though they had registered themselves on my eyeballs I cannot truly say that I had seen them.
5. 他关于医疗改革的提议引起了议会的注意。Sit up
His proposal on medical reform made the parliament
sit up .
6, 他所说的不无道理。Something
Money is something, but it is not everything
4、民众要求他辞职的呼声越来越高。（clamor）
The clamor for her resignation grew louder.
5、山里有盗贼出没。
The mountains are infested with robbers.
1. In a time of universal deceit, telling the truth is a revolutionary act.
幼儿园数字2的正确写法
《幼儿园数字 2 的正确写法》
小朋友们，今天咱们一起来学习数字 2 怎么写哟！
数字 2 呀，就像一只小鸭子在水里游呀游。
咱们先准备好小铅笔和小本子。
那怎么写呢？
先从上半部分开始，画一个小弯弯，就像小鸭子的头。
这个弯弯要圆滑一些，可不能有尖尖的角哦。
比如说，咱们可以想象成小鸭子在开心地抬头看天空。
然后呀，再接着画一个大大的弯弯，要连到上面的小弯弯，这就像小鸭子的身体啦。
这个大弯弯要写得大大的、长长的，就像小鸭子在水里舒展开身体游泳。
咱们来看看小明同学写的数字2，他一开始写的小弯弯太小啦，看起来就不像小鸭子的头，倒像是个小豆豆。
后来呀，小明认真观察老师写的，多练习了几次，终于写得像一只漂亮的小鸭子在游泳啦！
还有小花同学，她写数字 2 的时候，两个弯弯没有连在一起，看起来就像断了的小竹子，可不是好看的数字 2 哟。
小朋友们写数字 2 的时候，要慢慢地写，一笔一划，不要着急。
可以先在本子上多画几个小弯弯，找找感觉。
老师再给你们讲个小故事。
有一天，数字 1 和数字 2 一起去参加比赛，数字1 站得直直的，很快就累了。
数字 2 呢，舒舒服服地弯着腰，轻松又快乐。
所以呀，咱们写数字 2 的时候，也要让它舒舒服服地弯着。
大家多练习几次，相信每个小朋友都能写出漂亮的数字2！
写好了之后，可以拿给爸爸妈妈看，他们一定会夸奖你们的。
小朋友们，加油哟，咱们都能把数字 2 写得棒棒的！
好啦，关于数字 2 的正确写法就讲到这里，小朋友们快去练习吧！。
二进制的借位规则
感谢百度文库让我们在这里与你相见，您的下载就是我们最大的动力。
二进制的借位规则
一、二进制借位规则是啥呢？
咱都知道二进制就只有0和1这两个数字。
在做减法的时候，借位规则可有趣啦。
当0减去1的时候，就像一个小穷光蛋要给别人1个东西一样，它自己没有呀，那咋办呢？这时候就得向高位借位啦。
一借呢，这个0就变成了2（在二进制的概念里哦），然后2 - 1就等于1啦。
再比如说，像10 - 1这样的情况。
个位上0减1不够减，就向十位借1，借过来之后个位就变成了2，2 - 1 = 1，十位上原本是1，借出去1个就变成0啦，所以结果就是1。
反正呀，二进制的借位规则就是低位不够减就向高位借，借来之后就可以愉快地做减法啦。
哈哈。
第 1 页共 1 页。
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目录1、工程概况及标准 (2)2、施工准备 (2)3、操作工艺 (4)4、质量标准 (6)5、成品保护 (11)6、应注意质量问题 (12)7、质量记录 (12)8、施工安全措施 (13)9、安全环保措施 (15)模板安装与拆除分项工程施工方案一、工程概况及标准1、工程概况该工程总建筑面积为11969.04平方米，其中公寓楼为5460.00 平方米，商业办公为6455.60平方米，机房层53.44平方米，建筑层数为地上16层，地下一层；建筑高度为49.80米，结构形式采用钢筋混凝土框架剪力墙结构，主楼部分基础为平板式筏板基础，筏板厚度为1000mm，混凝土强度等级为垫层为C15砼，厚度100mm+t（防水层厚度），基础筏板为C40，抗渗等级p6，其他为独立柱基础，地下一层至六层梁C40、板C35、剪力墙、柱C40，七层至十层梁、板、剪力墙、柱C35，十一层向上为C30。
2.1.3本工程建筑为二类高层居住建筑，结构设计使用年限50年。
建筑耐火等级为二级，屋面防水等级II级。
2.1.4墙体：承重的外围护墙和内隔墙均采用加气混凝土砌块，用M5砂浆砌筑。
2、标准《建筑工程施工质量验收统一标准》 GB50300-2001《钢筋混凝土结构工程施工质量验收规范》 GB50204-2002《高层建筑混凝土技术规程》 JGJ3 -20023、3、建设单位：沂水玉山房地产开发有限公司设计单位：日照港工程设计咨询有限公司监理单位：日照兰德工程咨询有限公司施工单位：临沂兴泰建设工程有限公司二、施工准备1、作业条件1.1、模板按墙进行编号，并涂刷好脱模剂，分规格堆放。
1.2、外挂架已吊装到位。
1.3、弹好楼层轴线、墙身线、门窗洞口位置线，弹出楼层轴线偏500mm的支模辅助线，并清扫干净墙身部位杂物。
所有线已经预检。
1.4、墙暗柱、墙体、连梁钢筋绑扎完毕，水电预埋箱、盒、预埋件，并办好隐检，钢筋保护层卡具、钢筋骨架拉结筋间距、数量应满足设计要求，水平、竖向梯子筋安装到位，钢筋有可靠的定位措施。
1.5、门窗洞口及其他预留洞口模板已安装到位，位置正确，并与墙体钢筋可靠连接。
1.6、墙体根部1Ocm范围内应抹平压光，并在根部贴20mm厚泡沫海棉条(密度应稍大一点)，以防模板下口跑浆，注意海绵条不得伸人墙内。
1.7、模板安装前，墙体与顶板间施工缝应处理完毕；墙体与墙体间竖向施工缝已处理完毕，并已经隐检。
1.8、电梯井道安装筒模前预先在楼面下，井壁上预留4个250mm～200mm的预留孔，用以支撑工作平台的4个钢支腿。
1.9、施工时，顶板混凝土强度应不小于1.2MPa。
1.10、已作技术交底。
1.11、大模板应设计有上人操作台(根据工程情况设置一到两层)、护身栏、上人爬梯等。
2、材质要求2.1、墙体模板采用定型大模板，模板应根据工程图纸加工定制。
板高：根据工程实际情况确定。
钢板厚度应不小于6mm，大模之间应采用企口方式连接。
2.2、应有配套的定型钢角模。
阴阳角模用子母口与大模板结合。
2.3、穿墙对拉螺栓和套筒，根据工地情况确定大小及连接方式。
2.4、地脚螺栓及垫板。
2.5、脱模剂。
3、工器具塔吊、专用扳手、撬棍、手锤、磁力线坠、盒尺、水平尺等。
三、操作工艺1、工艺流程准备工作——安正号模板——安装外墙——安反号模板——固定模板上口——预检2、在下层外墙混凝土强度达到7.5MPa时，利用下一层外墙螺栓孔挂金属外挂架。
3、安装外墙内侧、内墙模板3.1、先将阴阳角模吊到作业现场使之就位。
3.2、按照先横墙后纵墙的安装顺序，按编号(大模板应有编号现场有组装平面图)、按顺序将模板吊至安装部位，用撬棍按墙线把模板调整到位。
安装穿墙螺栓，对称调整模板、地脚丝杠，用磁力线坠借助支模辅助线，调测模板垂直度，使模板垂直度偏差<2mm，水平标高偏差<2mm，并挂线调整模板上口，使上口顺直偏差<2mm。
然后拧紧地脚丝杠及穿墙螺栓。
3.3、安装外墙外侧模板：模板放在金属三角平台架上，将模板就位，穿螺栓紧固校正，注意施工缝处连接处必须严密、牢固可靠，防止出现错台和漏浆现象。
3.4、检查角模与墙体模板、角模与墙模子母口接缝是否严密，如不严密应用泡沫海棉填充缝隙，使之间隙严密，防止出现漏浆，错台等现象。
3.5、电梯井道支模前，应将工作平台吊人电梯井道内，工作平台的主次龙骨和钢支腿均应用10#槽钢，龙骨间距应<600mm，并焊接固定，然后上铺5cm厚木板，平台就位后调节四角使平台处于水平状态。
3.6、吊入筒模，按轴线把模张开，校正垂直后，拧紧穿墙螺栓。
3.7、所有模板安装调正完毕后，办理模板工程预检验收，才可浇灌混凝土。
3.8、大模板三角形支撑应对称分布于模板两边。
3.9、大模板连接应不少于五条螺栓；阳角模与大模板连接应不少于五条螺栓；阴角模为等边的，应与大模板不少于三道斜向拉结，非等边模应与大模板螺栓连接，每边不少于五道。
3.10、在阴阳角模板、大模之间连接处，为防止混凝土错台，模板内企口处应增加钢筋支撑，如图：4、大模板拆除1、模板拆除，常温下墙体混凝土强度必须达到 1.2Mpa，由木工工长填写《拆模申请表》，经签字确认后，即可拆除模板。
2、拆除模板应先将穿墙螺栓卸下，然后松开地脚丝杠，使模板向后倾斜与墙体脱离，筒模经收拢后，使么脱离混凝土表面。
注意模板拆除时，可用撬棍轻轻撬动模板下口，不得在墙上口撬动模板和大锤砸模板。
模板吊至存放地点，必须放稳，保持自稳角度呈750～800并及时清理板面，涂刷脱模剂。
3、模板吊装时，应防止对墙体钢筋和已浇注混凝土的碰撞。
四、质量标准1、一般规定1.1模板及其支架应根据工程结构形式、荷载大小、地基土类别、施工设备和材料供应等条件进行设计。
模板及其支架应具有足够的承载能力、刚度和稳定性.能可靠地承受浇筑混凝土的重量、侧压力以及施工荷载。
1.2在浇筑混凝土之前，应对模板工程进行验收。
模板安装和浇筑混凝土时，应对模板及其支架进行观察和维护。
发生异常情况时，应按施工技术方案及时进行处理。
1.3模板及其支架拆除的顺序及安全措施应按施工技术方案执行。
2、模板安装主控项目2.1安装现浇结构的上层模板及其支架时，下层楼板应具有承受上层荷载的承载能力，或加设支架；上、下层支架的立柱应对准，并铺设垫板。
检查数量：全数检查。
检验方法：对照模板设计文件和施工技术方案观察。
2.2在涂刷模板隔离剂时，不得沾污钢筋和混凝土接搓处。
检查数量：全数检查。
检验方法：观察。
一般项目2.3模板安装应满足下列要求：1）模板的接缝不应漏浆；在浇筑混凝土前，木模板应浇水湿润，但模板内不应有积水；2）模板与混凝上的接触面应清理干净并涂刷隔离剂，但不得采用影响结构性能或妨碍装饰工程施工的隔离剂；3）浇筑混凝土前。
模板内的杂物应清理干净；4）对清水混凝土工程及装饰混凝土工程，应使用能达到设计效果的模板。
检查数量：全数检查。
检验方法:观察。
2.4用作模板的地坪、胎模等应平整光洁，不得产生影响构件质量的下沉、裂缝、起砂或起鼓。
检查数量:全数检查。
检验方法：观察。
2.5对跨度不小于4ｍ的现浇钢筋混凝土梁、板，其模板应按设计要求起拱；当设计无具体要求时，起拱高度宜为跨度的1/1000～3/1000。
检查数量：在同一检验批内，对梁，应抽查构件数量的10%，且不少于3件；对板，应按有代表性的自然间抽查10%，且不少于3间；对大空间结构，板可按纵、横轴线划分检查面，抽查10%，且不少于3面。
检验方法：水准仪或拉线、钢尺检查。
2.6固定在模板上的预埋件、预留孔和预留洞均不得遗漏。
且应安装牢固，其偏差应符合表4.2.6的规定。
检查数量：在同一检验批内，对梁、柱和独立基础。
应抽查构件数量的10%，且不少于3件；对墙和板，应按有代表性的自然间抽查10%，且不少于3间；对大空间结构，墙可按相邻轴线间高度5m左右划分检查面，板可按纵横轴线划分检查面，抽查10%，且均不少于3面。
检验方法：钢尺检查。
2.7现浇结构模板安装的偏差应符合表4.2.7的规定。
检查数量：在同一检验批内，对梁、柱和独立基础，应抽查构件数量的10%，且不少于3件；对墙和板，应按有代表性的自然间抽查10%，且不少于3间；对大空间结构，墙可按相邻轴线间高度5m左右划分检查面，板可按纵、横轴线划分检查面，抽查10%，且均不少于3面。
表2.6预迟埋件和预留孔洞的允许偏差项目允许偏差(mm) 预埋钢板中心线位置 3预埋管、预留孔中心线位置 3中心线位置 5插筋外露长度+10,0中心线位置 2 预埋螺栓外露长度+10,0中心线位置10预留洞尺寸+10,0 注：检查中心线位置时，应沿纵、横两个方向量测，并取其中的较大值。
表2.7现饶结构模板安装的允许偏差及检验方法项目允许偏差(mm) 检验方法轴线位置 5 钢尺检查底模上表面标高±5 水准仪或拉线、钢尺检查截面内部尺寸基础±10 钢尺检查柱、墙、梁+4,-5 钢尺检查层高垂直度不大于5m 6经纬仪或吊线、钢尺检查大于5m 8经纬仪或吊线、钢尺检查相邻两板表面高低差 2 钢尺检查表面平整度 5 2m靠尺和塞尺检查注。
检查轴线位移时，应沿纵、横两个方向量测。
并取其中的较大值。
3、模板拆除主控项目3.1底模及其支架拆除时的混凝土强度应符合设计要求；当设计无具体要求时，混凝土强度应符合表4.3.1的规定。
检查数量：全数检查。
检验方法：检查同条件养护试件强度试验报告。
表3.1底模拆除时的混凝土强度要求构件类型构件跨度（m）达到设计的混凝土立方体抗压强度标准值的百分率（%）板≦2≧50>2，≦8≧75 >8 ≧100梁、拱、壳≦8≧75 >8 ≧100悬臂构件—≧1003.2对后张法预应力混凝土结构构件，侧模宜在预应力张拉前拆除；底模支架的拆除应按施工技术方案执行，当无具体要求时，不应在结构构件建立预应力前拆除。
检查数量：全数检查。
检验方法：观察。
3.3后浇带模板的拆除和支顶应按施工技术方案执行。
检查数量：全数检查。
检验方法：观察。
一般项目3.4侧模拆除时的混凝土强度应能保证其表面及棱角不受损伤。
检查数量：全数检查。
检验方法：观察。
3.5主模板拆除时，不应对楼层形成冲击荷载。
拆除的模板和支架宜分散堆放并及时清运。
检查数量：全数检查。
检验方法：观察。
五、成品保护1、保持大模板本身的整洁及配套设备零件的齐全，吊运应防止碰撞墙体，堆放合理，保持板面不变形。
2、大模板吊运就位时要平稳、准确，不得兜挂钢筋。
用撬棍调整大模板时，要注意保护模板下面泡沫。
3、拆除模板时按程序文件进行，禁止用大锤敲击，防止混凝土墙面及门窗等处出现裂纹。
4、若模板与墙面粘结时，禁止用塔吊吊拉模板，防止将墙面拉裂。
5、在靠近模板，电焊钢筋、铁管时，在施焊处的模板面应用铁皮垫隔，防止焊渣火烧坏模板面。