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航空电子英语初级缩略语

航空电子英语初级缩略语

航空电子英语初级缩略语A/C Aircraft 航空器，飞机A/D Analog to Digital模．数（转换）A/P Autopilot自动驾驶A/T Auto Throttle自动油门AB Airborne机上的，空中的AC Alternate Current交流ADC Air Data Computer大气数据计算机ADF Automatic Direction Finder自动定向机ADI Attitude Direction Indicator姿态指引仪ADSE Address Selective离散选址AE Airborne Electronics机载电子设备AF Audio Frequency音频Automatic Fault Finding自动故障探测AFCS Automatic Flight Control System自动飞行控制系统AFD Automatic Flight Director自动驾驶飞行指引仪AFDS Automatic Flight Director System自动驾驶飞行指引系统AGC Automatic Gain Control自动增益控制ALM Alarm警报ALT Altitude高度AM Amplitude Modulation调幅AMP Amplifier放大器AND Air Navigation Device航空导航设备ANT Antenna天线APU Auxiliary Power Unit辅助动力装置AR Airport Radar 机场雷达ARING Aeronautical Radio Incorporation（美国）航空无线电公司ARPT Airport机场，航空港ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange 美国信息交换标准代码ASP Automatic Switching Panel自动转换面板ATA Air Transportation Association航空运输协会ATC Air Traffic Control空中交通管制ATM Air Traffic Management空中交通管理ATN Aeronautical Telecommunication Network 航空电信网A V Avionics航空电子学，航空电子设备Audio- Visual. 视听A VC Acceleration Vector Control加速度向量控制A VIONICS Aviation Electronics航空电子学BARO Barometric气压的BC Binary Code二进制代码Board of Control控制板Broadcast广播BCD Binary Coded Data二进制编码数据BFO Beat Frequency Oscillator差拍[频]振荡器BNR Binary Numerical Reference二进制数基准码BS Button Switch按钮开关CA Carrier Amplifier载波放大器Civil Aviation民用航空CAAC Civil Aviation Administration of中国民航管理总局ChinaCDU Control Display Unit控制显示组件CMC Central Maintenance Computer中央维护计算机CMCS Central Maintenance Computer中央维护计算机系统SystemCMD Command指令CMM Component Maintenance Manual 部件维修手册CNS Communication Navigation and 通信，导航和监视SurveillanceCOM Communication 通信，通讯COMM Communication 通信CONT Control 管制，控制，控制盒COS Change Over Switch 转向开关CPU Central Processor Unit 中央处理器CR Current Relay 电流继电器CRT Cathode Ray Tube 阴极射线管CS Central Supply 中央电源；中心供电Communication Satellite 通信卫星Communication Station 通信台Communication System 通信系统Current Source 电流源Current Strength 电流强度CSB Communication Switch-Board 电信交换台CW Carrier Wave 载波CWS Central Warning 中央告警系统D/A Digital-Analog 数．模（转换器）D/F Direction Finder 定向机DABS Direct Address Beacon System 直接地址信标系统Discrete Addressing Beacon System 离散选址信标系统DADC Digital Air Data Computer 数字式大气数据计算机DC Direct Current 直流电DFCS Digital Flight Control System 数字式飞行控制系统DFDR Digital Flight Data Recorder 数字式飞行数据记录器DFT Deflection 偏差，偏转DH Data Handing 数据处理DME Distance Measuring Equipment 测距机[仪]DSPY Display 显示（器）DTL Direct to Line直通线路EADI Electronic Attitude Director Indicator电子姿态指引仪EFI Electronic Flight Instrument电子飞行仪表EFIS Electronic Flight Instrument System电子飞行仪表系统EHSI Electronic Horizon Situation Indicator电子水平状态指示器EICAS Engine Indicating And Crew Alerting System发动机指示和机组告警告系统EPR External Power Relay外部（地面）电源继电器ER Electrical Resistance电阻ESD Electrostatic Sensitive Device静电敏感器件ESDS Electrical Sensitive Discharge Device静电释放敏感器件F/D Frequency to Digital频率/数字FA Aeronautical Station航空无线电台FAA Federal Aviation Administration美国联邦航空局FCC Flight Control Computer飞行控制计算机FDE Flight Data Entry飞行数据输入FET Field-Effect Transistor场效应管FL Flight Level飞行高度FLT Flashlight闪光灯FM Frequency Modulation调频FMC Flight Management Computer飞行管理计算机FMCS Flight Management Computer Sys tem -飞行管理计算机系统FMS Flight Management System飞行管理系统FREQ Frequency频率G/S Glide Slope下滑道GHz Gigahertz 千兆赫GMT Greenwich Mean Time格林尼治平均时间GND Ground Control地面控制GPS Global Positioning System全球定位系统GPWS Ground Proximity Warning System近地警告系统HF High Frequency离频HP High Power高功率HYD Hydraulic液压的I/0 Input/Output输入/输出ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization 国际民航组织IC Inductance- Capictance 电感-电容IF Intermediate Frequency中频IFR Instrument Flight Rules仪表飞系规则ILS Instrument Landing System仪表着陆系统IO Input Output输入输出IRU Inertial Reference Unit惯性基准组件IV Input V oltage输入电压JFET Junction Field-Effect Transistor结型场效应管KH Kilohertz千赫KY Keying Device键控装置L/R Left/Right左／右LC Logic Circuit逻辑电路LED Light-Emitting Diode发光二极管LF Low Frequency低频LNA V Lateral Navigation横向导航LCC Localizer航向信标台，航向信标接收机LRRA Low Range Radio Altimeter低高度无线电高度表LRU Line Replaceable Unit外场可更换组件LS Line Switch线路开关LSB Least Significant Bit最低有效位LSI Large-Scale Integration大规模集成（电路）LSK Line Select Key线路选择键MAX Maximum最大（值）MB Marker Beacon指点信标MCDP MCP MF MLS MOS MPS MSB MSG MTI MW NA V NDB NPN ODR OP OR PCM PLL PM PN PNP PPI PRF PRF PROM PRT PSR PTT R/T Mode Control Display PanelMode Control PanelMedium FrequencyMicrowave Landing SystemMaster Operation SystemMedium Power StandardMain Switch BoardMaximum Stable GainMoving Target IndicatorMedium Wave.NavigationNon-Directional Radio BeaconNational Plan for NavigationOmni Directional RangeOutput powerOverload RelayPulse Code ModulatorPhase-Locked LoopPulse ModulationPart NumberPrecision Navigation ProcessorPulse position IndicatorPulse Radar FrequencyPulse Repetition FrequencyProgrammable Read Only MemoryPulse Radar TransmitterPrimary Surveillance RadarPress To TalkReceiver Transmitter方式控制显示板方式控制板中频微波着陆系统主操作系统中等功率标准总配电盘最大稳定增益（活）动目标显示器中波导航无方向性无线电信标国家导航计划全向无线电信标输出功率过载继电器脉冲编码调制器相位锁定环路脉冲调制部件号精密导航处理器脉冲位置指示器雷达脉冲频率脉冲重复频率可编程只读存储器脉冲雷达发射机一次监视雷达按下通话收发机RAM Random Access Memory 随机存取存储器RC RCA RDMI RDRRFRL RNA V ROM RSTS/N SBO SCR SELCAL SG SNR SPD SPI SSB SSB SSR STCM TCAS TIC TMC TMS TRF TTLTV UHF UK Relay ControllerRadar BeaconRadio Distance Magnetic IndicatorRadarRadio FrequencyRadio LocationArea NavigationRead Only MemoryRadar StartSignal- to- Noise RatioStorage Bus OutSignal to Clutter RatioSelective Calling SystemSignal GeneratorSensorSpeedSpecial Position IndicationSplit System BreakerSingle Side BandSecondary Surveillance RadarStabilizer Trim Control ModuleTraffic Collision Avoidance SystemTemperature Indicator ControllerThrust Management computerThrust Management SystemTuned Radio FrequencyTransistor-Transistor LogicTelevisionUltra High FrequencyUnited Kingdom继电器控制器，中继控制器雷达信标无线电方位磁指示器雷达射频无线电定位区域导航只读存储器雷达启动信噪比存储总线输出信噪比选择呼叫系统信号发生器传感器速度特殊位置识别分离系统断电器单边带二次监视雷达安定面配平控制组件（空中）交通避撞系统温度指示器控制器推力管理计算机推力管理系统已调射频晶体管-晶体管逻辑电视超高频英国USA V A VCO VFR VHF VLF VNA V VOR VSWR WPT WXR United States of AmericaV olt-AmpereV oltage Controlled OscillatorVisual Flight RulesVery High FrequencyVery Low FrequencyVertical NavigationVHF Omni-directional RadioV oltage Standing Wave RatioWay PointWeather Radar美国伏安压控振荡器目视飞行规则甚高频甚低频垂直导航甚高频全向无线电信标电压驻波比航路点气象雷达。

一种高精度、高线性度的电压频率转换器AD537及其应用

一种高精度、高线性度的电压频率转换器AD537及其应用

一种高精度、高线性度的电压／频率转换器AD537及其应用一、概述AD537是美国ADI(ANALOG DEVICES INC)公司推出的一种新型的高精度、高线性度的电压／频率转换器。

它由高阻抗的输入放大器、精确的振荡系统、准确的内基准发生器和高输出电流驱动所组成，可以直接接收正负极性的电压、电流等小信号；经简单变换，还可用做频率／电压转换器，组成锁相环电路。

AD537可以对输出量进行温度补偿，精度可达1.00mV/K ，同时它也可以用做一个可靠的温度／频率转换器，还可以的基准电压相结合，补偿因采用非热力学温度单位（如摄氏度、华氏度等）而带来的偏移量。

AD537有两种封装方式：一种是14管脚的双列直插式，另一种是10管脚的金属罐式。

AD537有3种温度和特性等级，即J 、K 和S 等级。

其中，J 和K 等级是用在0℃～70℃范围内的，而S 等级是用在-55℃～125℃温度范围内的。

AD537的主要特点有：1、它是一个完整的电压／频率转换器，只需外接一个电阻和一个电容（用以设置所需要的满量程频率范围）以及集电极开路时的上拉电阻，就可以实现电压／频率的转换。

其最高满量程输入电压的范围为±30V ，此时对应的满量程输出频率的范围为100kHz 。

满量程输出频率的范围与外接的电阻和电容之间的关系为： f ＝V/(10×RC)。

2、它的线性度很高，当满量程输出频率的范围为10kHz 时，其非线形度可以达到±0.05%，且此时输入电压的动态范围可保证超过80dB 。

3、所需功率非常低，在单极性工作且供电电压为～时，只需1.2mA 的静态工作电流。

4、如果将AD537接入到一个锁相环路中，就可以实现很好的频率／电压转换。

5、驱动能力强。

当饱和压降小于0.4V 时，集电极开路输出级可以吸收高达20mA 的电流，驱动12个TTL 负载。

6、受温度影响较小，整体的温度系数（包括外围器件的影响）通常可达到±30ppm/℃。

高电压技术专业英语词汇表

高电压技术专业英语词汇表

高电压技术专业英语词汇表absorbtance 吸收比absorption current 吸收电流AC transmission system 交流输电系统aging 老化alternating current 交变电流alternating voltage 交变电压ammeter 电流表amorphous dielectric 非晶体电介质amplitude 幅值anode/cathode 阳极/阴极anti-fog insulator 防雾型绝缘子apparent charge 视在电荷arc discharge 电弧放电arc suppressing 灭弧arc-extinguishing chamber 灭弧室arrester 避雷器artificial pollution test 人工污秽试验asynchronous machine 异步电机atmospheric reference condition 标准参考大气条件attachment coefficient 附着系数attenuation factor 衰减系数barrier 屏障barrier effect 屏障效应bending load 弯曲负荷BIL(basic impulse level) 全波基本冲击绝缘boundary element method 边界元法breakdown 电击穿breakdown possibility 击穿概率breakdown voltage 击穿电压BSL(basic switch level) 基本操作冲击绝缘水平bubble breakdown 气泡击穿bus bar 母线bushing 套管bushing tap grounding wire 套管末屏接地线cable 电缆capacitor divider 电容分压器cascade circuit 串联电路cascade transformer 串级变压器cathode ray oscilloscope 阴极射线示波器cavity 空穴,腔CB(circuit breaker) 断路器ceramic insulator 陶瓷绝缘子charge density 电荷密度charge simulation method 模拟电荷法charging(damping) resistor 充电(阻尼)电阻collision ionization 碰撞电离collision ionization coefficient 碰撞电离系数compensating winding 补偿线圈composite insulation 组合绝缘compressed gas 压缩气体conductance 电导conductivity 电导率conductor 导线contamination flashover 污秽闪络corona 电晕corona discharge 电晕放电corona loss 电晕损耗corona onset voltage 电晕起始电压correction factor 校正因数coupling capacitor 耦合电容creapage distance 爬电距离critical breakdown voltage 临界击穿电压critical electrical strength 临界场强CT(current transformer) 电流互感器current density 电流密度current transformer 电流互感器damped capacitor voltage divider 阻尼电容分压器damping resistor 阻尼电阻DC breakdown voltage 直流击穿电压dead tank oil circuit breaker 多油断路器decay 衰减destructive test 破坏性试验detection impedance 检测阻抗dielectric 电介质,绝缘体dielectric constant 介质常数dielectric loss 介质损耗dielectric loss angle tangent 介质损失角正切diffuse 扩散digitizer 数字化仪direct current 直流电高电压技术专业英语词汇表2 direct current transmission直流输电disc spacer 盘式绝缘子discharge 放电disconnector 隔离开关displacement current 位移电流displacement polarization 位移极化distributed parameter circuit 分布参数电路divider 分压器divider ratio 分压器分压比drift velocity 漂移速度dry band 干区dry flashover voltage 干闪络电压DSO(digitizing storageoscilloscope)数字存储示波器dynamo 直流发电机earth resistance 接地电阻earth(ground) wire 接地线earthing switch 接地开关ecological efficiency 生态效应effect of nearby earthed object 接地体临近效应effect of polarity 极性效应effective ionisation coefficient 有效电离系数EHV(extra high voltage) 超高压electric breakdown 电击穿electric field 电场electrical strength 电气强度electrical tree 电树枝electroceramics 电工陶瓷electrochemical 电化学electrochemical deterioration 电化学腐蚀electro-mechanical test 机电联合试验electron avalanche 电子崩(α过程) electronegative gas 电负性气体electronegativity 电负性electro-optic effect 电光效应electrostatic field 静电场electrostatic generator 静电发生器electrostatic voltmeter 静电电压表EMC(electro-magneticcompatibility)电磁兼容EMP(electromagnetic pulse) 高速电磁脉冲end fitting 金具EPDM(ethylene propylene rubber) 乙丙橡胶epoxy resin 环氧树脂ESDD(equivalent salt depositdensity)等值盐密exciting winding 激磁绕组expulsion gap 灭弧间隙external insulation 外绝缘extinction coil 消弧线圈FACTS(Flexible AC Transmission System)柔性输电failure current 故障电流Faraday cage 法拉第笼field distortion 场畸变field emission 场致发射field gradient 场梯度field strength 场强field stress 电场力finite element method 有限元法fixed contact 静触头flash counter 雷电计数器flash density 落雷密度flashover 闪络flashover voltage 闪络电压FM-IM 调频-光强度调制free path 自由行程front resistor 波前电阻FSD(full scale deflection) 满偏刻度full wave 全波gas chromatographic analysis 气相色谱分析gas discharge 气体放电gaseous insulation 气体绝缘generating capacity 发电量generator 发电机GIS(gas insulated substation) 气体绝缘变电站glass insulator 玻璃绝缘子glow discharge 辉光放电gradient 陡度grading ring 均压环ground wire 架空地线地线grounding 接地grounding capacitance 对地电容grounding device 接地装置grounding for lightening 防雷接地half-wave rectifying circuit 半波整流电路harmonic 谐波high voltage 高压high voltage arm 高压臂high voltage engineering 高电压工程high voltage testing technology 高电压试验技术hollow insulator 套筒高电压技术专业英语词汇表3 humidity correction factor湿度校正因数hydraulic turbine 水轮机hydro power station 水力发电站hydrophobicity 憎水性icing flashover 冰闪impulse current 冲击/脉冲电流impulse flashover 冲击闪络impulse ratio 冲击系数impulse voltage 冲击电压impulse voltage generator 冲击电压发生器induced overvoltage 感应过电压inhomogenous field 不均匀场insulation 绝缘insulation coordination 绝缘配合insulation diagnosis 绝缘诊断insulation distance 绝缘距离insulation level 绝缘水平insulation material 绝缘材料insulation on-line test 绝缘在线检测insulation resistance 绝缘电阻insulation test 绝缘检测insulator 绝缘子insulator string 绝缘子串internal discharge 内部放电inverter station 换流站ionization 电离ionization coefficient 电离系数ionization layer 电离层iron core 铁芯Kerr effect 克尔效应leakage current 泄漏电流lightning arrester 避雷器lightning conductor 避雷线lightning current 雷电流lightning flashover 雷闪lightning impulse voltage 雷电冲击电压lightning impulse withstandvoltage test雷电冲击耐压试验lightning outage rate 雷击跳闸率lightning over voltage 大气/雷电过电压lightning rod 避雷针lightning stroke 雷击lightning withstand level 耐雷水平live tank oil circuit breaker 少油断路器load center 负荷中心loss 损耗loss angle 介质损耗角lossless transmission line 无损传输线low voltage arm 低压臂magnetic field 磁场main discharge 主放电Marx generator 马克思发生器matching impedance 匹配阻抗mean free path 平均自由行程mean molecular velocity 平均分子速度mechanical performance 机械性能megohm meter/earthmeter 兆欧表metal oxide arrester MOA 氧化锌避雷器mixed divider (阻容)混合分压器MOA(metal oxide arrester) 氧化锌避雷器mobility 迁移率motor 电动机moving contact 动触头multistage impulse voltagegenerator串级冲击电压发生器natural pollution test 自然污秽试验negative ions 负离子neural point 中性点neutral ground 中性点接地non-destructive insulation test 非破坏绝缘测试non-destructive measurement 非破坏性测试non-destructive testing 非破坏性试验nonpolar dielectric 非极性电介质non-self-maintained discharge 非自持放电non-uniform field 不均匀场nonuniformity coefficient 不均匀系数NSDD(non-soluble depositdensity)附灰密度nuclear power station 核电站oil-filled power cable 充油电力电缆optical radiation 光辐射oscilloscope 示波器overhead line 架空线overshoot 过冲overvoltage 过电压partial arc 局部电弧Paschen’s law 巴申定律PD(partial discharge) 局部放电peak reverse voltage 反向峰值电压peak voltage 电压波峰peak voltmeter 峰值电压表phase-to-phase voltage 线电压高电压技术专业英语词汇表4 photo ionization光电离photoelectric emission 光电发射photoemission 光电效应photoionization 光电离photon 光子leader discharge 先导放电Pockels effect 泡克尔斯效应point plane gap 针板间隙polarity effect 极性效应polarization 极化pollution flashover 污闪pollution flashover voltage 污秽闪络电压porcelain insulator 陶瓷绝缘子post insulator 支柱绝缘子power capacitor 电力电容power frequency arc test 工频大电弧试验power frequency testingtransformer工频实验变压器power frequency voltage 工频电压power network 电力网络power system 电力系统power transformer 电力变压器PPT(pulse power technology) 脉冲功率技术primary winding 原边线圈protection angle 保护角protection gap 保护间隙protective grounding 保护接地PT(potential transformer) 电压互感器quality factor 品质因素quasi-uniform field 稍不均匀场radio interference 无线干扰radio interference test 无线电干扰试验rain flashover 雨闪rating of equipment 设备额定值recombination 复合recovery voltage 恢复电压reflect 反射relative inductivity 相对介电常数relay 继电器residual capacitance 残余电容resistivity 电阻率resistor divider 电阻分压器resistor-capacitor divider 阻容分压器resonance frequency 谐振频率restrike 重燃return stroke 反击ripple factor 纹波因数rod gap 棒间隙rod-rod electrode 棒-棒电极Rogowski coil 罗可夫斯基线圈rotor 转子routing testing 常规试验ROW(right-of-way)/corridor 线路走廊safety margin 安全裕度salt fog method 盐雾法Schering bridge 西林电桥secondary electron avalanche 二次电子崩secondary winding 副边线圈self-restoring insulation 自恢复绝缘self-sustained discharge 自持放电series resonant circuit 串联谐振回路shielding 屏蔽short circuit 短路short circuit testing 短路试验silicone rubber 硅橡胶skin effect 集肤效应soil resistivity 土壤电阻率solid dielectric 固体电介质solid layer method 固体层法space charge 空间电荷spark gap 点火球隙sparkover voltage 火花放电sphare-plane electrode 球-板电极sphare-sphare electrode 球-球电极sphere gap 球隙sphere gap spacing 球隙距离split conduct 分裂导线standard lightning impulse voltage 标准雷电冲击电压standard switching impulse voltage 标准操作冲击电压statistic diagnosis 统计诊断stator 定子steam turbine 汽轮机steamer 流注steel-reinforced aluminumconductor钢芯铝绞线step up (down) transformer 升(降)压变压器stepout overvoltage 解列过电压stray capacitance 杂散电容stray inductance 杂散电感streamer breakdown 流注击穿substation 变电站sulphur hexafluoride breaker SF6断路器高电压技术专业英语词汇表5 surface breakdown表面击穿surface charge 表面电荷surface discharge 沿面放电surge impedance 波阻抗suspension insulator 悬式绝缘子sustained discharge 自持放电switching flashover 操作闪络switching impulse voltage 操作冲击电压switching overvoltage 操作过电压synchronous generator 同步发电机tank 箱体taped transformer 多级变压器Td(thunderstorm day) 雷暴日temperature exponent 温度指数tensile load 拉伸负荷test object 被试品testing transformer 试验变压器thermal breakdown 热击穿thermal cycling test 冷热循环试验thermal ionisation 热电离thermal power station 火力发电站thermal radiation 热辐射thermal rating 耐热等级threshold wavelength 光电离临界波长time delay/lag 时延time to chopping 截断时间torsional load 扭转负荷Townsend theory 汤森理论tracking and erosion resistance 耐漏电起痕性能transmission line 传输线treeing 树枝放电trigger electrode 触发电极tuned circuit 调谐电路turbogenerator 汽轮发电机UHV(ultra high voltage) 特高压uncertainty 不确定度uniform field 均匀场vacuum circuit breaker 真空断路器variable transformer 调压变压器VFTO(very fast transient overvoltage)甚快速瞬态过电压virtual front time 视在波前时间virtual origin 视在原点virtual time to half-value 视在半峰值时间voltage class 电压等级voltage divider 分压器voltage doubling rectifying circuit 倍压整流电路voltage drop 电压跌落volt-ampere characteristics 伏安特性voltmeter 电压表volt-time characteristics 伏秒特性water hydrogenerator 水轮发电机wave chopped 截波wave chopped at front 波前截波wave chopped at tail 波尾截波wave front 波前wave front/tail 波头/尾wave length 波长wet flashover 湿闪wet flashover voltage 湿闪络电压winding 绕组withstand voltage 耐受电压withstand voltage test 耐压试验XLPE cable 交链聚乙烯电缆。

L6598高电压谐振控制器数据手册说明书

L6598高电压谐振控制器数据手册说明书

L6598L6598D L6598D013TRThis is information on a product in full production.November 2013DocID6554 Rev 81/23L6598High voltage resonant controllerDatasheet - production dataFeatures∙High voltage rail up to 600 V∙dV/dt immunity ±50 V/ns in full temperature range ∙Driver current capability: 250 mA source 450 mA sink ∙Switching times 80/40 ns rise/fall with 1 nF load ∙CMOS shutdown input ∙Undervoltage lockout∙Soft-start frequency shifting timing∙Sense op amp for closed loop control or protection features ∙High accuracy current controlled oscillator ∙Integrated bootstrap diode ∙Clamping on Vs∙Available in DIP16 and SO16 packagesDescriptionThe L6598 device is manufactured with theBCD™ offline technology, able to ensure voltage ratings up to 600 V, making it perfectly suited for AC/DC adapters and wherever a resonanttopology can be beneficial. The device is intended to drive two power MOSFETs, in the classical half bridge topology. A dedicated timing section allows the designer to set soft-start time, soft-start and minimum frequency. An error amplifier, together with the two enable inputs, are made available. In addition, the integrated bootstrap diode and the Zener clamping on low voltage supply, reduces to a minimum the external parts needed in the applications.Contents L6598Contents1Maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3Pin connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 4Timing diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75Block diagram description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95.1High/low side driving section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95.2Timing and oscillator section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95.3Bootstrap section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.4Op amp section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145.5Comparators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 6Package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 7Ordering codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 8Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232/23DocID6554 Rev 8DocID6554 Rev 83/23L6598Maximum ratings1 Maximum ratingsNote:ESD immunity for pins 14, 15 and 16 is guaranteed up to 900 (human body model).Table 1. Absolute maximum ratingsSymbol ParameterValue Unit I S Supply current at V cl (1)1.The device is provided of an internal clamping Zener between GND and the Vs pin, It must not be suppliedby a low impedance voltage source.25 mA V LVG Low side output 14.6V V OUT High side reference -1 to V BOOT -18 V V HVG High side output -1 to V BOOTV V BOOTFloating supply voltage618VdV BOOT/dt VBOOT pin slew rate (repetitive) ±50 V/ns dV OUT/dtOUT pin slew rate (repetitive)±50 V/ns V ir Forced input voltage (pins Rfmin, Rfstart) -0.3 to 5 V V ic Forced input voltage (pins Css, Cf) -0.3 to 5 V V EN1,V EN2Enable input voltage-0.3 to 5 V I EN1, I EN2 Enable input current ±3 mA V opc Sense op amp common mode range -0.3 to 5 V V opd Sense op amp differential mode range -5 to 5 V V opo Sense op amp output voltage (forced) 4.6 V T stg Storage temperature -40 to +150 °C T j Junction temperature -40 to +150 °C T ambAmbient temperature-40 to +125°CTable 2. Thermal dataSymbol Parameter SO16N DIP16 UnitR thJAThermal resistance junction to ambient 120 80 °C/WTable 3. Recommended operating conditionsSymbol ParameterValue UnitV S Supply voltage 10 to V cl V V out (1)1.If the condition V boot - V out < 18 is guaranteed, V out can range from -3 to 580 V.High side reference -1 to Vboot - V clV V boot (1) Floating supply rail500 V f maxMaximum switching frequency400kHzElectrical characteristics L65984/23DocID6554 Rev 82 Electrical characteristicsV S = 12 V; V BOOT - V OUT = 12 V; T A = 25 °CTable 4. Electrical characteristicsSymbol Pin ParameterTest condition Min. Typ. Max. UnitSupply voltage V suvp 12V S turn on threshold 10 10.7 11.4 V V suvn V S turn off threshold 7.388.7VV suvh Supply voltage undervoltage hysteresis 2.7 V V cl Supply voltage clamping 14.6 15.616.6VI su Start up currentV S < V suvn 250 µAI qQuiescent current, fout =60 kHz, no loadV S > V suvp2 3 mAHigh voltage section I bootleak 16 BOOT pin leakage currentV BOOT = 580 V5 µA I outleak14OUT pin leakage current V OUT = 562 V5µAR DSon 16Bootstrap driver on-resistance 100 150 300 ΩHigh/low side drivers I hvgso15High side driver source currentV HVG - V OUT = 0 170 250 mA I hvgsi High side driver sink currentV HVG - V BOOT = 0 300 450 mA I lvgso11Low side driver source currentV LVG - GND = 0 170 250 mA I lvgsi Low side driver sink currentV LVG - V S = 0300450 mA t rise 15,11Low/high side output risetime C load = 1 nF80 120 ns t fall C load = 1 nF4080nsOscillatorDC 14Output duty cycle 48 50 52 %f min Minimum output oscillation frequency C f = 470 pF; R fmin = 50 k Ω 58.2 60 61.8 kHzf startSoft-start output oscillation frequencyC f = 470 pF; R fmin = 50 k Ω; R fstart = 47k Ω114 120 126 kHzDocID6554 Rev 85/23L6598Electrical characteristicsV ref 2, 4Voltage to currentconverters threshold 1.9 22.1Vt d 14Deadtime between lowand high side conduction 0.2 0.27 0.35 µs IVref2, 4Reference current120ATiming sectionk ss1Soft-start timing constant C ss = 330 nF0.115 0.15 0.185 s/µFSense op ampl IB 6, 7Input bias current 0.1 µA V io Input offset voltage -10 10 mV R out 5 Output resistance 200 300?I out-Source output currentV out = 4.5 V1 mA I out+ Sink output current V out = 0.2 V 1mAV ic 6,7Op amp input commonmode range -0.2 3 V GBWSense op amp gain bandwidth product (1) 0.5 1 MHz G dcDC open loop gain6080dBComparatorsV the1 8 Enabling comparator threshold0.56 0.6 0.64 V V the2 9Enabling comparator threshold1.05 1.2 1.35 Vt pulse8,9 Minimum pulse length200 ns1.Guaranteed by design.Table 4. Electrical characteristics (continued)Symbol PinParameterTest condition Min. Typ. Max. UnitPin connections L65986/23DocID6554 Rev 83 Pin connectionsTable 5. Pin descriptionPin no. Name Function1CSS Soft-start timing capacitor2 R fstart Soft-start frequency setting - low impedance voltage source -see also C f3 C fOscillator frequency setting - see also R fmin , R fstart4 R fmin Minimum oscillation frequency setting - low impedance voltage source - see also C f5 O Pout Sense op amp output - low impedance6 O Pon-Sense op amp inverting input -high impedance7 O Pon+ Sense op amp non inverting input - high impedance8 EN1 Half bridge latched enable 9EN2 Half bridge unlatched enable10 GND Ground 11LVG Low side driver output12 V s Supply voltage with internal Zener clamp13 N.C. Not connected14 OUT High side driver reference 15HVG High side driver output16 V boot Bootstrapped supply voltageL6598Timing diagrams diagrams4 TimingDocID6554 Rev 87/23Timing diagrams L65988/23DocID6554 Rev 8L6598Block diagram description 5 Blockdiagramdescription5.1 High/low side driving sectionA high and low side driving section provide the proper driving to the external power MOS orIGBT. A high sink/source driving current (450/250 mA typ.) ensure fast switching times alsowhen size for power MOS are used. The internal logic ensures a minimum deadtime toavoid cross conduction of the power devices.5.2 Timing and oscillator sectionThe device is provided of a soft-start function. It consists in a period of time, T SS, in whichthe switching frequency shifts from fstart to fmin. This feature is explained in the followingdescription (refer to Figure6and Figure7).During the soft-start time the current I SS charges the capacitor C SS, generating a voltageramp which is delivered to a transconductance amplifier, as shown in Figure6. Thus thisvoltage signal is converted in a growing current which is subtracted to Ifstart. Therefore thecurrent which drives the oscillator to set the frequency during the soft-start is equal to:Equation 1Equation 2I osc I fmin I fstart g m V Css t()–()+I fmin I fstartg m I ssC ss--------------–⎝⎭⎛⎫+==where I fminV REFR fmin-------------I fstartV REFR fstart----------------V REF2V=,=,=DocID6554 Rev 89/2310/23DocID6554 Rev 8At the startup (t = 0) the oscillator frequency is set by:Equation 3At the end of the soft-start (t = T SS ) the second term of eq.1 decreases to zero and theswitching frequency is set only by Imin (i.e. R fmin ):Equation 4Since the second term of Equation 1 is equal to zero, we have:Equation 5Note that there is not a fixed threshold of the voltage across C SS in which the soft-startfinishes (i.e. the end of the frequency shifting), and T SS depends on C SS , I fstart , g m , and I SS(Equation 5). Making T SS independent of I fstart , the I SS current has been designed to bea fraction of I fstart , so:Equation 6In this way the soft-start time depends only on the capacitor C SS . The typical value of the k SSconstant (Soft-start timing constant) is 0.15 s/μF.The current I osc is fed to the oscillator as shown in Figure 7. It is twice mirrored (x4 and x8)generating the triangular wave on the oscillator capacitor C f . Referring to the internalstructure of the oscillator (Figure 7), a good relationship to compute an approximate value ofthe oscillator frequency in normal operation is:Equation 7I OSC 0()I fmin I fstart +V REF 1R fmin -------------1R fstart ----------------+⎝⎭⎛⎫==I OSC T SS ()I fmin V REF R fmin-------------==I fstart g m I ss C ss --------------T SS –0T SS C ss I fstart g m I ss-----------------------=→=I SS I fstart K -------------T SS C ss I fstart g m I fstart K -------------------------T SS →=→C ss g m K-----------T SS k SS C SS –→==f min 1.41R fmin C f--------------------=The degree of approximation depends on the frequency value, but it remains very good in the range from 30 kHz to 100 kHz (Figure8 to Figure12).DocID6554 Rev 811/2312/23DocID6554 Rev 8Figure 8. Typ. fmin vs. R fmin at Cf = 470 pF Figure 9. Typ. (f start -f min ) vs. R fstar at C f = 470 pFFigure 10. Typ. (f start -fmin ) vs.R fstar at C f = 470 pFFigure 11. f min at different R f vs C fDocID6554 Rev 813/235.3 Bootstrap sectionThe supply of the high voltage section is obtained by means of a bootstrap circuitry. Thissolution normally requires a high voltage fast recovery diode for charging the bootstrapcapacitor (Figure 13 - part a). In the device a patented integrated structure replaces thisexternal diode. It is released by means of a high voltage DMOS, driven synchronously withthe low side driver (LVG), with in series a diode, as shown in Figure 13 - part b .Figure 13. Bootstrap driverTo drive the synchronized DMOS it is necessary a voltage higher than the supply voltageVs. This voltage is obtained by means of an internal charge pump (Figure 13 - part b).The diode connected in series to the DMOS has been added to avoid undesirable turn on ofit. The introduction of the diode prevents any current can flow from the Vboot pin to the VSone in case that the supply is quickly turned off when the internal capacitor of the pump isnot fully discharged.The bootstrap driver introduces a voltage drop during the recharging of the capacitor Cboot(i.e. when the low side driver is on), which increases with the frequency and with the size ofthe external power MOS. It is the sum of the drop across the R DSON and of the diodeFigure 12. Typ. (f start -f min ) vs. R fstar at C f = 470 pF14/23DocID6554 Rev 8threshold voltage. At low frequency this drop is very small and can be neglected. Anywayincreasing the frequency it must be taken in to account. In fact the drop, reducing theamplitude of the driving signal, can significantly increase the R DSON of the external powerMOS (and so the dissipation).To be considered that in resonant power supplies the current which flows in the power MOSdecreases increasing the switching frequency and generally the increases of R DSON is nota problem because power dissipation is negligible. Equation 8 is useful to compute the dropon the bootstrap driver:Equation 8where Q g is the gate charge of the external power MOS, R dson is the on-resistance of thebootstrap DMOS, and T charge is the time in which the bootstrap driver remains on (about thesemi-period of the switching frequency minus the deadtime). The typical resistance value ofthe bootstrap DMOS is 150 Ω. For example using a power MOS with a total gate charge of30 nC the drop on the bootstrap driver is about 3 V, at a switching frequency of 200 kHz. Infact:Equation 9To summaries, if a significant drop on the bootstrap driver (at high switching frequency whenlarge power MOS are used) represents a problem, an external diode can be used, avoidingthe drop on the R DSON of the DMOS.5.4 Op amp sectionThe integrated op amp is designed to offer low output impedance, wide band, high inputimpedance and wide common mode range. It can be readily used to implement protectionfeatures or a closed loop control. For this purpose the op amp output can be properlyconnected to R fmin pin to adjust the oscillation frequency.V drop I ch e arg R dson V diode V drop →+Q g T ch e arg -------------------R dsonV diode +==V drop 30nC 2.23μs------------------150Ω0.6V 2.6V ~+=DocID6554 Rev 815/235.5 ComparatorsTwo CMOS comparators are available to perform protection schemes.Short pulses ( 200 ns) on comparators input are recognized. The EN1 input (active high),has a threshold of 0.6 V (typical value) forces the device in a latched shut down state(e.g. LVG low, HVG low, oscillator stopped), as in the under voltage conditions. Normaloperating conditions are resumed after a power-off power-on sequence. The EN2 input(active high), with a threshold of 1.2 V (typical value) restarts a soft-start sequence (seetiming diagrams in Figure3, Figure 4, and Figure 5). In addition the EN2 comparator, whenactivated, removes a latched shutdown caused by EN1.Figure 14. Switching time waveform definitions Figure 15. Deadtime and duty cycle waveform definition16/23DocID6554 Rev 8Figure 16. Typ. fmin vs. temperatureFigure 17. Startup current vs. temperatureFigure 18. Typ. fstart vs. temperatureFigure 19. Quiescent current vs. temperatureFigure 20. Vs thresholds and clamp vs. temp.Figure 21. HVG source and sink current vs.temperatureFigure 22. LVG source and sink current vs.temperatureFigure 23. Soft-start timing constant vs.temperatureDocID6554 Rev 817/2318/23DocID6554 Rev 8Figure 24. Wide range AC/DC adapter applicationL6598Package information 6 PackageinformationIn order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades ofECOPACK® packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACKspecifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: .ECOPACK is an ST trademark.Table 6. Plastic DIP16 (0.25) package mechanical dataSymbolDimensionsmm inchMin. Typ Max. Min. Typ. Max.a1 0.51 0.020B 0.77 1.650.030 0.065b 0.5 0.020b1 0.25 0.010D 200.787E 8.5 0.335e 2.54 0.100e3 17.78 0.700F 7.10.280I 5.10.201L 3.3 0.130Z 1.270.050DocID6554 Rev 819/23Package information L659820/23DocID6554 Rev 8Table 7. SO16 package mechanical dataSymbolDimensionsmm inch Min. Typ Max. Min. Typ. Max.A 1.75 0.068a 1 0.1 0.25 0.004 0.010a2 1.64 0.063b 0.350.46 0.013 0.018b1 0.19 0.25 0.0070.010C 0.50.019c1 45° (typ.)D 9.810 0.385 0.393E 5.8 6.2 0.2280.244e 1.27 0.050e3 8.89 0.350F 3.8 4.0 0.149 0.157G 4.6 5.3 0.181 0.208L 0.5 1.27 0.0190.050M 0.62 0.024S 8° (max.)L6598Ordering codes 7 OrderingcodesTable 8. Ordering informationOrder codes Package PackingL6598DIP16TubeL6598DSO16N TubeL6598D013TR Tape and reelDocID6554 Rev 821/23Revision history L659822/23DocID6554 Rev 88 Revision historyTable 9. Document revision historyDateRevision Changes 21-Jun-20045Changed the impagination following the new release of “corporate technical publication design guide”. Done a few of corrections in thetext.09-Sep-20046Added ordering number for the tape and reel version, updatedTable 4 on page 402-Oct-20097Updated Table 4 on page 418-Nov-20138Added cross-reference in Section 5.Updated Section 6: Package information (reformatted - added title ofFigure 25 and Table 6, Figure 26 and Table 7 and reversed order offigures and tables , minor modifications).Updated Table 8 (replaced L6598D016TR device by L6598D013TRdevice).Minor corrections throughout document.L6598Please Read Carefully:Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries (“ST”) reserve the right to make changes, corrections, modifications or improvements, to this document, and the products and services described herein at any time, without notice.All ST products are sold pursuant to ST’s terms and conditions of sale.Purchasers are solely responsible for the choice, selection and use of the ST products and services described herein, and ST assumes no liability whatsoever relating to the choice, selection or use of the ST products and services described herein.No license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted under this document. If any part of this document refers to any third party products or services it shall not be deemed a license grant by ST for the use of such third party products or services, or any intellectual property contained therein or considered as a warranty covering the use in any manner whatsoever of such third party products or services or any intellectual property contained therein.UNLESS OTHERWISE SET FORTH IN ST’S TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE ST DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY WITH RESPECT TO THE USE AND/OR SALE OF ST PRODUCTS INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE (AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION), OR INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT, COPYRIGHT OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT.ST PRODUCTS ARE NOT DESIGNED OR AUTHORIZED FOR USE IN: (A) SAFETY CRITICAL APPLICATIONS SUCH AS LIFE SUPPORTING, ACTIVE IMPLANTED DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITH PRODUCT FUNCTIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS; (B) AERONAUTIC APPLICATIONS; (C) AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS OR ENVIRONMENTS, AND/OR (D) AEROSPACE APPLICATIONS OR ENVIRONMENTS. WHERE ST PRODUCTS ARE NOT DESIGNED FOR SUCH USE, THE PURCHASER SHALL USE PRODUCTS AT PURCHASER’S SOLE RISK, EVEN IF ST HAS BEEN INFORMED IN WRITING OF SUCH USAGE, UNLESS A PRODUCT IS EXPRESSLY DESIGNATED BY ST AS BEING INTENDED FOR “AUTOMOTIVE, AUTOMOTIVE SAFETY OR MEDICAL” INDUSTRY DOMAINS ACCORDING TO ST PRODUCT DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS. PRODUCTS FORMALLY ESCC, QML OR JAN QUALIFIED ARE DEEMED SUITABLE FOR USE IN AEROSPACE BY THE CORRESPONDING GOVERNMENTAL AGENCY.Resale of ST products with provisions different from the statements and/or technical features set forth in this document shall immediately void any warranty granted by ST for the ST product or service described herein and shall not create or extend in any manner whatsoever, any liability of ST.ST and the ST logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of ST in various countries.Information in this document supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied.The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics. All other names are the property of their respective owners.© 2013 STMicroelectronics - All rights reservedSTMicroelectronics group of companiesAustralia - Belgium - Brazil - Canada - China - Czech Republic - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Israel - Italy - Japan - Malaysia - Malta - Morocco - Philippines - Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - United States of AmericaDocID6554 Rev 823/23L6598L6598D L6598D013TR。

5.2_W_高重频257_nm_深紫外皮秒激光器

5.2_W_高重频257_nm_深紫外皮秒激光器

文章编号 2097-1842（2023）06-1318-065.2 W 高重频257 nm 深紫外皮秒激光器范灏然1，陈　曦1 *，郑　磊1，谢文侠1，季　鑫1，郑　权1,2（1. 长春新产业光电技术有限公司, 吉林 长春 130012；2. 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所, 吉林 长春 130033）摘要：为了提高半导体检测用深紫外激光器的检测效率，需要搭建高功率、高重频257 nm 深紫外皮秒激光器实验平台。

本文以光子晶体光纤放大器和腔外四倍频结构为基础，进行了257 nm 深紫外激光器的实验研究。

种子源采用中心波长为1 030 nm 、脉冲宽度为50 ps 的光纤激光器，输出功率为20 mW ，重复频率为19.8 MHz 。

通过两级掺镱双包层（65 μm/275 μm ）光子晶体光纤棒放大结构，获得了1 030 nm 高功率基频光。

利用二倍频晶体LBO 、四倍频晶体BBO ，采用腔外倍频方式获得了257 nm 深紫外激光。

种子源通过两级光子晶体光纤放大器输出的1 030 nm 基频光，输出功率为86 W ，经过激光聚焦系统后，倍频得到二次谐波515 nm 激光输出功率为47.5 W ，四次谐波257 nm 深紫外激光输出功率为5.2 W ，四次谐波转换效率为6.05%。

实验结果表明，该结构可获得高功率257 nm 深紫外激光输出，为提高半导体检测用激光器的检测效率提供了新思路。

关 键 词：深紫外皮秒激光器；高重频；光子晶体光纤放大器；四次谐波产生中图分类号：TP394.1;TH691.9 文献标志码：A doi ：10.37188/CO.2023-0026High repetition frequency 257 nm deep ultraviolet picosecondlaser with 5.2 W output powerFAN Hao-ran 1，CHEN Xi 1 *，ZHENG Lei 1，XIE Wen-xia 1，JI Xin 1，ZHENG Quan 1,2（1. Changchun New Industries Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd , Changchun 130012, China ；2. Changchun Institute of Optics , Fine Mechanics and Physics ,Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130033, China ）* Corresponding author ，E-mail : *******************Abstract : To improve the detection efficiency of deep ultraviolet laser for semiconductor detection, it is necessary to develop 257 nm deep ultraviolet picosecond laser with high power and high repetition frequency. In this study, a 257 nm deep ultraviolet laser was experimentally investigated based on photonic fiber amplifier and extra-cavity frequency quadrupling. The seed source uses a fiber laser with a central wavelength of 1 030 nm and a pulse width of 50 ps, delivering a power output of 20 mW and a repetition frequency of 19.8 MHz. High power 1 030 nm fundamental frequency light was obtained through a two-stage ytterbium-doped double cladding (65 μm/275 μm) photonic crystal fiber rod amplification structure, and收稿日期：2023-02-11；修订日期：2023-03-13基金项目：长春市科技发展计划重点研发专项（No. 21ZGG15）Supported by the Key R & D Projects of Changchun Science and Technology Development Plan (No.21ZGG15)第 16 卷　第 6 期中国光学（中英文）Vol. 16　No. 62023年11月Chinese OpticsNov. 2023257 nm deep ultraviolet laser was generated using double frequency crystal LBO and quadruple frequency crystal BBO. The seed source uses a two-stage photonic crystal fiber amplifier to get a 1 030 nm laser with output power of 86 W. After the laser focusing system and frequency doubling, a second harmonic output power of 47.5 W at 515 nm and a fourth harmonic output power of 5.2 W at 257 nm were obtained.The fourth harmonic conversion efficiency was 6.05%. The experimental results show that this structure can ob-tain high power 257 nm deep ultraviolet laser output, providing a novel approach to improve the detection ef-ficiency of the lasers for semiconductor detection.Key words: deep ultraviolet picosecond laser；high repetition frequency；photonic crystal fiber amplifier；fourth harmonic generation1 引　言高重频深紫外皮秒激光器，因具有分辨率高、加工速率快、热损伤低等特性，被广泛应用于半导体检测、光刻以及精密材料加工等工业领域[1-6]。

高压切换扬声器数据手册说明书

高压切换扬声器数据手册说明书

BAS21HT1G,NSVBAS21HT1G,NSVBAS21HT3GHigh VoltageSwitching DiodeFeatures•NSV Prefix for Automotive and Other Applications Requiring Unique Site and Control Change Requirements; AEC−Q101 Qualified and PPAP Capable•These are Pb−Free DevicesMAXIMUM RATINGSRating Symbol Value Unit Continuous Reverse Voltage V R250Vdc Repetitive Peak Reverse Voltage V RRM250Vdc Peak Forward Current I F200mAdc Repetitive Peak Forward Current I FRM500mA Non−Repetitive Peak Forward SurgeCurrent, 60 HzI FSM(surge)625mAdcNon−Repetitive Peak Forward Current (Square Wave, T J = 25°C prior to surge)t = 1 m st = 10 m st = 100 m st = 1 mst = 1 s I FSM20201041ATHERMAL CHARACTERISTICSCharacteristicSymbol Max UnitTotal Device Dissipation FR−5 Board, (Note 1)T A = 25°CDerate above 25°C P D2001.57mWmW/°CThermal Resistance,Junction−to−AmbientR q JA635°C/WJunction and Storage Temperature Range T J, T stg−55 to+150°CStresses exceeding Maximum Ratings may damage the device. Maximum Ratings are stress ratings only. Functional operation above the Recommended Operating Conditions is not implied. Extended exposure to stresses above the Recommended Operating Conditions may affect device reliability.1.FR−5 Minimum PadHIGH VOLTAGESWITCHING DIODEDevice Package Shipping†ORDERING INFORMATIONSOD−323CASE 477STYLE 112MARKINGDIAGRAM†For information on tape and reel specifications, including part orientation and tape sizes, please refer to our T ape and Reel Packaging Specifications Brochure, BRD8011/D.BAS21HT1G SOD−323(Pb−Free)3000 / Tape & Reel JS= Device CodeM= Date Code*G= Pb−Free Package(Note: Microdot may be in either location)*Date Code orientation may vary depending up-on manufacturing location.NSVBAS21HT1G SOD−323(Pb−Free)3000 / Tape & ReelNSVBAS21HT3G SOD−323(Pb−Free)10000 / Tape &ReelELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (T A = 25°C unless otherwise noted)CharacteristicSymbolMinMaxUnitOFF CHARACTERISTICS Reverse Voltage Leakage Current (V R = 200 Vdc)(V R = 200 Vdc, T J = 150°C)I R−−0.1100m AdcReverse Breakdown Voltage (I BR = 100 m Adc)V (BR)250−Vdc Forward Voltage (I F = 100 mAdc)(I F = 200 mAdc)V F−−10001250mVDiode Capacitance (V R = 0, f = 1.0 MHz)C D − 5.0pF Reverse Recovery Time(I F= I R = 30 mAdc, R L = 100 W )t rr−50nsNotes: 1. A 2.0 k W variable resistor adjusted for a Forward Current (I F ) of 30 mA.2. Input pulse is adjusted so I R(peak) is equal to 30 mA.3. t p » trrV Rt rt10%90%I I OUTPUT PULSE(I F = I R = 30 mA; MEASUREDat i R(REC) = 3.0 mA)INPUT SIGNAL Figure 1. Recovery Time Equivalent Test CircuitFigure 2. Forward VoltageFigure 3. Reverse LeakageFORWARD CURRENT (mA)7000R E V E R S E C U R R E N T (n A )REVERSE VOLTAGE (V)50003000506000400061234120040060080010001200F O R W A R D V O L T A G E (m V )Figure 4. Diode CapacitanceV R , REVERSE VOLTAGE (V)6543210.30.40.50.60.70.80.91.0C d , D I O D E C A P A C I T A N C E (p F )87Figure 5. Maximum Non −repetitive Peak Forward Current as a Function of PulseDuration, Typical ValuesT p (mSec)0510152025I F S M (A )PACKAGE DIMENSIONSSOD −323CASE 477−02ISSUE GH E NOTES:1.DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982.2.CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETERS.3.LEAD THICKNESS SPECIFIED PER L/F DRAWING WITH SOLDER PLATING.4.DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH, PROTRUSIONS OR GATE BURRS.5.DIMENSION L IS MEASURED FROM END OF RADIUS.NOTE 3STYLE 1:PIN 1.CATHODE2.ANODEDIM MIN NOM MAX MILLIMETERSA 0.800.90 1.00A10.000.050.10A30.15 REF b 0.250.320.4C 0.0890.120.177D 1.60 1.70 1.80E 1.15 1.25 1.350.082.30 2.50 2.70L 0.0310.0350.0400.0000.0020.0040.006 REF0.0100.0120.0160.0030.0050.0070.0620.0660.0700.0450.0490.0530.0030.0900.0980.105MIN NOM MAX INCHES*For additional information on our Pb −Free strategy and soldering details, please download the ON Semiconductor Soldering and Mounting Techniques Reference Manual, SOLDERRM/D.SOLDERING FOOTPRINT*ON Semiconductor and are registered trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC). SCILLC owns the rights to a number of patents, trademarks,copyrights, trade secrets, and other intellectual property. A listing of SCILLC’s product/patent coverage may be accessed at /site/pdf/Patent −Marking.pdf. SCILLC reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. SCILLC makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does SCILLC assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation special, consequential or incidental damages. “Typical” parameters which may be provided in SCILLC data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals” must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. SCILLC does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. SCILLC products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the SCILLC product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use SCILLC products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold SCILLC and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly,any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that SCILLC was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. 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通讯类常用英文缩写名词

通讯类常用英文缩写名词

通讯类常用英文缩写名词ADPCM adaptive differential pulse code modulating 自适应差分脉冲调制ADSL asymmetric digital subscriber line 不对称数字用户环路（线路）AGC automatic gain control 自动增益控制AM amplitude modulation 振幅调制AMI alternate mark invertion 信号交替反转码（双极码）AMPS advanced mobile phone system 现代移动通信系统AN access network 接入网ARQ automatic repeat request 自动重发要求ASK amplitude shift keying 移幅键控ASIC application specific integrated circuit 专用集成电路ASCII America standard code for information interchange ASCII码ATM asynchronous transfer mode 异步转移模式AUC authentication center 鉴权中心AWGN additive white Guassion noise 加性白色高斯噪声AU administer unit 管理单元AUG administer unit group 管理单元BCH bose-chaudhuri-hocquenghem 以名字命名的一种高效循环码B-ISDN broadband ISDN 宽带ISDNBPF band pass filter 带通滤波器BPSK binary phase shift keying 二进制移相键控BQM balanceable quaternary phase shift keying 平衡四相移键控BSC binary symmetric channel base station controller 二进制对称信道基站控制器BTS base transceiver station 基站CCIR International Consultive Committee for Radiotelecommunication 国际无线电咨询委员会CCITT Consultive Committee for International Telegraph and Telephone 国际电报电话咨询委员会CDF cumulative distribution function 概率（累积）分布函数CELP code excited linear prediction 码激励线性预测CDMA code division multiple access 码分多址CIR carrier to interference ratio 载（波）干扰比C/N carrier to noise ratio 载波信噪比CPFSK continuous phase frequency shift keying 连续相位移频键控CPM continuous-phase modulation 连续相位调制CQM complex quaternary phase shift keying 复四相调制CRC cyclic redumdancy check 循环冗余校验CMI code mark invertive 符号及转码dBI dB with respect to a isotropic radiator power 相对各向性辐射器增益dBdBI dB milli watt 以毫瓦为电平零分贝dBW dB watt 以一瓦为电平零分贝DCT discrete cosine transform 离散余弦变换DECT digital European cordless telecommunication 泛欧数字无绳通信（系统）DFT discrete Fourier transform 离散傅氏变换DLL delay locked loop 延时锁定环DM（∆M）delta modulation 增量调制DMC discrete memoryless channel 离散无记忆信道DMT discrete multitone 离散多音频（调制）DPCM differential pulse code modulation 差分脉冲编码调制DPSK differential phase-shift keying 差分移相键控DQM double quaternary modulation 双四相调制DQPSK differential quaternary phase shift keying 差分正交移相键控DR digital radio 数字无线电DS-CDMA direct sequence spread-code division multiple access 直扩序列码分多址DS-FH direct sequence spread-frequency-hopped 直接序列扩频跳频DS-SS direct sequence spread spectrum 直接序列列扩频DS direct sequence spread spectrum signal 直接序列扩频信号DSB double sideband 双边带DSB-SC double sideband suppressed carrier 双边带抑制载波DTE data terminal equipment 数据终端设备DTMF dual tone multi-frequency 双音多频DWDM dense wavelength division multiplexing 密集波分复用EIR equipment identity register 设备识别寄存器EGC equality gain control 等增益控制EIRP effected radiated with respect to an isotropic radiator power 各向同性辐射器有效辐射功率EV-DO evolution-data optimized(CDMA2000 IXEV-DO) （CDMA2001X数据最佳化升级版本）EV-DV evolution-data and video CDMA2000 （CDMA2000）数据和视频业务升级版FDM frequency division multiplexing 频分复用FDMA frequency division multiple accessing 频分多址FEC forward error correction前向纠错FFH-SS fast frequency hopped spread spectrum 快跳频扩频FH-SS frequency hopped spread spectrum 跳频扩频FH frequency hopped 跳频FSK frequency shift keying 移频键控FIR finite impulse response 有限冲激响应FPLMTS future pubic land mobile telephone system 未来公共陆地移动电话系统GMSK Gaussian-pulse minimum shift keying 高斯脉冲最小移频键控GPRS general packet radio service 综合数据包无线业务GPS global positioning system 全球定位系统GSM group special mobile 移动通信特别小组global system mobile communication 全球移动通信系统G/T gain/temperature 增益/温度（天线质量指标）HDB3 high density bipolar code of three order 三阶高密度双极性码HDLC high level data link controlled 高级数据控制链路HDTV high definition television 高清晰度电视HEC hybrid error correct 混合纠错HLR home location register 归属位置寄存器HPF higher pass filter 高通滤波器IEC International Electric Committee 国际电工委员会IIR infinite duration impulse response 无线冲激响应IP Internet Protocols 互联网协议IRQ information retransmission request 信息重发请求ISDN integrated service digital network 综合业务数字网ISI intersymbol interference 符号间干扰ISO International Standards Organization 国际标准化组织ITU International Telecommunication Union 国际电信联盟ITU-R International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication standardization sector 国际电信联盟-无线通信标准化部门IMT-2000 International Mobile Telecommunication–2000 国际移动电信2000系统JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Groups 图片联合专家小组LED linear envelope detecting 线性包络检测LMS least mean square 最小均方（算法）LPC linear predictive coding 线性预测编码LPF lower pass filter 低通滤波器MAP maximum a posterior probability 最大后验概率MASK M-ary amplitude shift keying 多元幅移键控MFSK M-ary frequency shift keying 多元频移键控MIMO multiple input multiple output 多入多出分集技术MPEG moving picture experts group 活动图像专家组MPSK M-ary phase shift keying M元相移键控ML maximum likelihood 最大似然MLSE maximum likelihood sequence estimation 最大似然序列估计值MMSE minimum mean square error 最小均方误差MQAM M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation M元正交调幅MRC maximal ratio combining 最大比值合并MSK minimum(frequency) shift keying 最小移频键控MSC mobile switching center 移动交换中心MS mobile station 移动台NBFM narrow band frequency modulation 窄带调频NBPM narrow band phase modulation 窄带调相NGN next generation network 下一代网络N-ISDN narrow band ISDN 窄带ISDNNRZ non-return zero code 不归零码NRZI non-return zero inversion code 不归零反转码OFDM orthogonal frequency division muitiplexing 正交频分复用OOK on-off keying 开闭键控OQPSK offset quadrature phase shift keying 偏移四相移键控OSI open system interconnection 开放系统互连OMC operations & maintenance center 操作维护中心PAM pulse amplitude modulation 脉(冲)幅(度)调制PCH paging channel 寻呼信道PCM pulse code modulation 脉码调制PCN personal communication network 个人通信网PDF probability density function 概率密度函数PDM pocket division multiplexing 包分复用PLL phase locked loop锁相环路PN pseudo noise 伪随机噪声PPM pulse phase modulation 脉冲调相PWM pulse wide modulation 脉冲宽度调相PRS partial response signal 部分响应信号PSC primary synchronization code 主同步码PSK phase shift keying 移相键控PSTN public switching telephone networks 公共交换电话网QAM quadrature amplitude modulation 正交调幅QoS quality of services 服务质量QPSK quadrature phase shift keying 正交相移键控QCELP qualcomm code excited linear prediction 高通码激励线性预测混合编码R-S(code) Reed-Solomon(code) 里德-索洛蒙码，RS码RZ return zero code 归零码RPE-LTP regular pulse excited long term prediction 规则脉冲激励长期预测编码SCH synchronization channel 同步信道SDH synchronous digital hierarchy 同步数字系列SDMA space division multiple access 空分多址SDR software-defined radio 软件无线电SIR signal to interference radio 信干比SISO soft input soft output 软输入软输出（算法）SNR signal to noise ratio 信噪比SONET synchronous optical NET work 同步光纤网SS spread spectrum 扩频，扩展频谱SSB single side band 单边带SSB-LSB single sideband-lower sideband 单边带-下边带SSB-USB single sideband-upper sideband 单边带-上边带SSP service switching point 业务交换点STM synchronous transmission modulus 同步传输模式STP signaling transfer point 信令转换点STD space transmit diversity 空间发射分集STTD space time transmit diversity 空时发射分集TCM trellis coded modulation格型码调制TDD time division duplex 时分双工TDM time division multiplexing 时分复用TDMA time division multiple access 时分多址TDSCDMA time-division synchronization code division–multiple-access 时分同步码分多址TDL tau-dither loop T型抖动环TH time hoped 跳时TPC transmit power control 发射功率控制TSTD time switched transmit diversity 分时发射分集TS time slot 时隙TST time slot interchange 时隙变换TU tapped unit 支路单元TUG tapped unit group 支路单元组UHFTV ultra-high frequency TV 超高频电视V A Viterbi algorithm 维特比算法VBR variable bit rate 变比特率VC virtual channel 虚通道VCC voltage controlled clock 压控时钟VCO voltage controlled oscillator（电）压控振荡器VHF-TV very-high frequency TV 甚高频电视VQ vector quantization 矢量量化VLR visitor location register 访问位置寄存器VO Video objet 视频对象VOP video objet/plain 视频对象场景平面WAN wide-area network 广域网WBFM wideband frequency modulation 宽带跳频WBPM wideband phase modulation 宽带调相WCDMA wide-band CDMA 宽带码分多址WDM wavelength division multiplexing 波分复用WHT Walsh-Hardmard transform 沃尔什-哈达码变换WLL wireless local loop 无线本地环路1.PCM编码一、汉译英抽样量化与编码sampling,quantizing and coding抽样速率sampling rate模拟信号analog signal含噪声的环境noisy environment地面系统terrestrial system8位码序列8-digit sequence话路speech channel脉冲流stream of pulses传输质量transmission quality传输路由transmission path噪声功率noise power接收端receiving terminal幅值amplitude value重复率repetition rate数字通信digital communication信噪比signal-to-noise ratio二进制传输binary transmission帧格式frame format抽样频率sampling frequency编码过程coding process数字传输digital transmission信号电平signal levels反向操作reverse operation同步字synchronization word二、英译汉The schemes for performing these three functions实现这三项功能的方案A series of amplitude values一串幅值A speech channel of telephone quality电话质量的话路A sequence of 8-binary digits一个8位二进制码的序列A minimum theoretical sampling frequency理论上的最小抽样频率A voice channel occupying the range 300Hz to 3.4kHz占据着300Hz到3.4kHz频率范围的话路8-digits per sample value每个样值8位码The sparking of a car ignition system汽车点火系统的打火The stream of the pulses with a repetition rate of 64kHz重复率为64kHz的脉冲流The relationship of the true signal to the noise signal真实信号与噪声信号的关系The signal received from a satellite由卫星上接收的信号The complete information about a particular message一条特定消息中的完全信息The shape of the transmitted signal被传信号的波形The attenuation introduced by transmission path由传输路由引起的衰减The unit that converts sampled amplitude value to a set of pulses将抽样的幅值转换成一串脉冲的单元A sequence relating to channel 1,2 and so on涉及到第一路、第二路及其他各路的序列A unique sequence of pulses called synchronization word被称为同步字的独特的码序列Terrestrial system地面系统The presence or absence of the pulse脉冲的“有”或“无”A high-speed electronic switch高速的电子开关The time division multiplexer时分多路复用器Time division multiplexing时分多路复用2.异步串行数据传输一、汉译英串行接口serial interface显示终端CRT terminal发送器与接收器transmitter and receiver数据传输data transmission数据流data stream闲置状态the idle state传号电平mark level空号电平space level起始位start bit终止位stop bitT秒的持续时间duration of T seconds奇偶校验位parity bit错误标志error flag传输错误transmission error下降沿falling edge符号间的空格intersymbol space接收机的定时receiver timing本地时钟local clock磁带magnetic tape控制比特control bit逻辑1电平logical 1 level二进制数据binary data明显的缺点obvious disadvantage二、英译汉Asynchronous serial data transmission异步串行数据传输The most popular serial interface最为流行的串行借口The transmitted data所传输的数据The clocks at the transmitter and receiver发送机和接收机的时钟The era of teleprinter电传机的时代The dots and dashes of a character一个字符的点和划Three times the duration of intersymbol space符号间空格持续时间的三倍The group of bits called characters被称为字符的比特组The invariable units comprising 7 or 8 bits of information 由7或8个比特的信息组成的固定单元A clock generated locally by the receiver由接收机本地产生的时钟The received parity bit following the character在字符后所收到的奇偶校验位The falling edge of the start bit起始位的下降沿The character-oriented nature of the data link数据链路面向字符的特性3.ISO网络标准一、汉译英联网技术networking technology国际标准化组织The International Organization for Standardization参考模型reference model数据分组data packets应用程序application program网络媒体network media分层layering硬件与软件hardware and software表示层the presentation layer传输层the transport layer数据链路层the data link layer网络服务network services文件接入file-access数据格式the data format主机host协议protocol连接connectivity逻辑选址logical addressing二、英译汉Networking technology联网技术Proprietary networking system专用网络系统The international organization for standardization国际标准化组织Compatibility between the various types of networks各种网络之间的兼容性Seven numbered layers七层Standardization of network components网络部件的标准化Error recovery纠错Receiving host’s system接收方的主机系统Connection-oriented circuits面向连接的电路Information flow control信息流的控制Network topology网络拓扑Network media access网络媒体接入Electrical specification电气标准Maximum transmission distance最大传输距离4.互联网一、汉译英网络资源network resource信息服务information services远程终端remote terminals地址address互联的系统interconnected systems命令command电子邮件electronic mail主机host无线信道wireless channels搜索工具searching tools用户界面user interface拷贝copy互联网internet存取access文本信息textual messages鼠标mouse协议protocol超文本协议hypertext protocol二、英译汉Giant network of computers located all over the world分布在全世界的计算机的巨大网络Backbone system主干系统Nationwide network\全国范围的网络Electronic conferences电子会议Remote terminal远程终端Live conversation实时的对话World wide web万维网Searching tool搜索工具The largest repository of information最大的信息库Network facilities resources网络设备资源The vast majority of the computers on the net在网上的绝大多数计算机The unix operating system UNIX操作系统Textual messages文本信息A way to move data between the internet and your PC 在因特网和你的PC之间传送数据的方法The convenient searching tools方便的搜索工具The networked hypertext protocol联网的超文本协议5.光纤通信介绍一、汉译英光纤通信optical fiber communications光源light source波长wavelength激光器laser色散dispersion传输介质transmission medium多模光纤multi-mode fiber长途干线long-haul trunks单模光纤single-mode fiber带宽bandwidth宽带用户wideband subscriber纤维光学fiber-optics商用技术commercial technology门限电流threshold current光检测器photodetector波分复用wavelength multiplexing纤维光网络fiber-optic networks视频带宽二、英译汉Long distance transmission长途传输Repeater spacing中继距离Commercial technology商用技术Optical fibre communications光纤通信The total length of unstalled fibre已装光纤总长Long-haul telecommunication system长途通信系统The low-loss silica fibre低衰减的石英纤维Fibers with losses approaching the Rayleigh limit衰减逼近瑞利极限的光纤Room temperature threshold currents室温下的门限电流The longer wavelength region较长波长区Subscriber access project用户接入工程Improvements in component performance and reliability部件性能和可靠性的改进Data rates for installed fibre optic system已安装的光纤系统的数据速率Gigabit per second range每秒吉（G）比特Wavelength multiplexing波分复用Widebend subscriber loop system宽带用户环路系统Multifibre connectors多纤维连接器Projected lifetime设计寿命Light source 光源Single-mode fibre单模光纤Distributed-feedback laser分部反馈式激光器Information capacity信息容量Switching hierarchy交换体系Broadband services宽带业务6.同步数字序列一、汉译英同步数字序列Synchronous digital hierarchy国际标准international standard信号格式signal format网络节点接口network node interface支路信号tributary signals数字交叉连接digital cross-connection网络管理network management网络维护network maintenance网络运营商network operators传输速率transmission rate支路映射tributary mapping灵活性flexibility用户业务subscriber services覆盖层overlay levels制造商manufacturer同步传输帧sunchronous transmission frame线路终端复用器line terminal multiplexer分插复用器add-drop multiplexer再生中继器regenerator灵敏度sensitivity虚容器virtual container成帧字节framing byte段开销section overhead端到端传输end-to-end transmission误码监视error monitoring信号处理节点signal processing nodes静负荷payload指针pointer二、英译汉Synchronous transmission system同步传输系统The standard covering the NNI覆盖NNI的标准The international standard interface国际标准接口Direct synchronous multiplexing直接同步复用Flexible telecommunication networking灵活的通信联网Point-to-point transmission technology点对点的传输技术Advanced network management先进的网络管理The equipment supplied by different manufacturers不同厂家提供的设备The flexibility provided by SDHSDH提供的灵活性Operator of synchronous multiplexers同步复用设备的运营者Telecommunication networking电信联网Tributary signals支路信号Maintenance capabilities维护能力Unified telecommunication network infrastructure统一的电信网络基础结构Building blocks组件Terminal multiplexer终端复用器Through-mode fashion贯通方式Synchronous DXC同步数字交叉连接Varying bandwidth可变贷款Individual tributary signals各个支路信号Transport system传输系统Optical carrier光载体2-dimensional map二维图形The order of transmission传输次序Framing byte成帧字节Virtual container虚容器Section overhead段开销Bit-error monitoring误码检测7.波分复用一、汉译英对光特性的理解The understanding of the properties of light基本重要性the fundamental importance想象今天的通信系统To imagine the communication system of today光的高速公路the highways of light巨量的信息the massive amount of information采用通信新技术To adopt new communication technologies大量的视频信息The large amount of video information波分复用the wave divide multiplexing只发送单个波长To send only one wavelength传输大量的波长To transmit a large amount of wavelength无差错传输the error-free transmission自愈特性the self-healing properties直接接入光网络To access directly to the optical network视频信息the video information二、英译汉The major advance that led to the WDM revolution导致WDM革命的主要进展The invention of the optical amplifier光放大器的发明The next span of fiber下一段光纤To boost the signal power of all wavelength提高所有波长信号的功率The advances in optical amplifier在光放大器方面的进展The development of gain equalization techniques获益均衡技术的发展The multiple-wavelength transmission多波长传输The growth of wireless system无线系统的增长The growth of various application各种应用的增长The wide variety of services各种各样的业务To handle various types of traffic处理各种业务类型The all-optical cross-connect全光交叉连接8.蜂窝式电话移动系统一、汉译英蜂窝式移动电话cellular mobile telephone服务性能service performance频谱frequency spectrum频带frequency band微处理器microprocessor移动手机mobile unit广播业务broadcast service天线antenna子系统subsystems移动用户mobile subscriber服务能力service capability服务性能service performance利用率utilization带宽bandwidth单边带single-side band扩频spread spectrum大规模集成电路large scale integrated circuit蜂窝点cellular site蜂窝交换机cellular switch天线机架radio cabinet呼叫处理call processing服务器service area二、英译汉Frequency spectrum utilization频谱利用率The limited assigned frequency band有限的指定频带Complicated features and functions复杂的特性和功能Large-scale integrated circuit technology大规模集成电路技术Developmental cellular system试验性的蜂窝系统Central coordinating element中央协调单元Cellular administration蜂窝管理Operational limitation of conventional mobile telephone system传统移动电话的运行限制Limited service capability有限的服务能力Radio communication industry无线通信行业Available radio frequency spectrum可用的无线电频谱The allocated frequency band所分配的频带Mobile transceiver移动收发信机Technological feasibility技术上的可行性Severe spectrum limitations严厉的频谱限制FM Broadcasting service调频广播业务Propagation path loss传播路径衰耗Multipath fading多径衰耗Radio cabinet无线机架Telephone company zone offices电话公司地方局9.全球移动通信系统一、汉译英个人通信personal communications通信标准communication standards固定电话业务fixed telephone service网络容量network capacity移动交换中心mobile switching center国际漫游international roaming宽带业务broadband service接口转换interface conversion频谱分配frequency allocation模拟方式analogue mode蜂窝通信原理cellular communication principle拥塞jamming蜂窝裂变cell splitting基站base station寄存器register收费功能billing function接入方法access method突发脉冲传输方式Burst transmission mode开销信息overhead information切换算法handover algorithms短消息服务short message service技术规范technical specification二、英译汉Total access communication system全接入的通信系统Global mobile communication system全球移动通信系统Time division multiple access时分多址Facsimile and short message service传真和短消息服务Fixed communication networks固定通信网络A more personalized system更个人化的系统The cost and quality of the link链路的价格和质量Market growth市场的发展Fixed telephone service固定电话业务Coaxial cable同轴电缆Interface conversion借口转换Cellular communication principle蜂窝通信原理Frequency reuse and cell splitting频率再用和蜂窝裂变Cochannel interference共信道干扰Theoretical spectral capability理论上的频谱容量Micro-cellular system微蜂窝系统Base station transceiver基站收发信机Subscriber register用户寄存器Burst transmission mode突发脉冲传输模式Overhead information开销信息Advanced handover algorithms先进的切换算法The GSM technical specificationsGSM的技术规范10.3G一、汉译英移动电话the mobile telephone第三代移动业务the third generation mobile service互联协议the Internet Protocol无线通信the wireless communication手机the handset全球漫游the global roaming无线标准the wireless standard蜂窝点the cell site峰值数据速率the peak data rate平均吞吐量the average throughput下载the download多址接入the multiple access扩频技术the spread spectrum technology时隙the timeslot二、英译汉To combine high speed mobile access with Internet Protocol(IP)-based services将高速移动接入与基于IP的服务结合起来To standardize future digital wireless communication对未来数字无线通信标准化The Internet Protocol(IP)-based services基于互联协议的服务The third-generation wireless technology and networks第三代无线技术与网络The single global wireless standard单一的全球无线标准To accommodate the continuing growth of voice services as well as new wireless Internet services 容纳话音服务的连续增长与新的无限因特网的服务The spectrum allocation flexibility频谱分配的灵活性The International Telecommunications Union国际电信联盟The boundaries between communication, information, media and entertainment在通信、信息、媒体和娱乐之间的旧界限11.电路交换和分组交换一、汉译英电路交换circuit switching分组交换packet switching报文交换message switching子网subnet信头header目的地址destination address误差控制error control存储转发方式store-and-forward manner突发性bursty传输时延transmission delay中间交换设备intermediate switching equipment交换技术switching technique返回信号teturn signal报文处理机message processor给定最大长度given maximum length信息转移information transfer随机性random专用电路dedicated circuit电路利用率channel utilization二、英译汉The capability of storing or manipulating user’s data存储和处理用户数据的能力The special signaling message特定的信令信息A well defined block of data called a message为精心定义的被称为报文的数据块The information regarding the source and destination address涉及源和目的地址的信息The computer referred to as a message processor称为报文处理器的计算机The store-and forward transmission technique存储转发传输交换技术The dynamic allocation of the bandwidth带宽的动态分配The overall transmission delay of the message报文整个的传输时延Switching technique交换技术Circuit switching电路交换Message switching报文交换Packet switching分组交换Total path of connected lines连线的整个通路Source-destination pair源到目的地的一对Communication parties通信各方Transmission unit传输单元Initial connection cost incurred in setting up the circuit在建立电路时产生的起初连接成本Low delay constraint required by the user用户所需的短时延的限制The fixed dedicated end-to-end circuit固定专用的端到端电路Low channel utilization低的电路利用率12.异步转移模式一、汉译英异步转移模式asynchronous transfer mode逻辑信道logical channel虚电路virtual circuits虚路径virtual paths建议recommendation网络层network level业务与应用层service and application level虚连接virtual connection信息高速公路information superhighway点播电视video-on-demand统计复用statistical multiplexing数字化的信息digital information标识符identifier协议protocol网络节点network node宽带网broadband networkATM论坛ATM forum面向未来的future-proofed图像编码image encoding虚拟专用网virtual private network数据处理data processing二、英译汉Short packets called cells被称为信元的短的分组Bit rates of several hundred megabits a second每秒几百兆比特的速率Unique multiplexing method独特的复用方法The physical connection between any two terminals任何两个终端之间的物理连接Interactive video services交互式的视频业务A nature vehicle for multimedia services多媒体业务的自然载体The current and future requirements of both operators and users运营商和用户当前及未来的要求The technique for switching high bit rate channel高比特率信道的交换技术Asynchronous transfer mode异步转移模式Multiplexing and switching technique复用和交换技术The underlying type of transmission所承载的传输类型Dual identification双重标识Virtual circuit虚电路Virtual path虚路径The transfer of cells to the network nodes信元在网络节点上的转移Hundreds megabits a second每秒几百兆比特Recommendation I.121 I.121建议The quality of service服务质量In proportion to the exact requirement与实际需求成比例The applications and services transported over a network网络所传送的应用和业务The ability to construct virtual networks构成虚网络的能力Cost-effective use of infrastructure低价高效的利用网络设施Future-proofed面向未来的Coordination different networks carrying different services协议传送不同业务的不同网络Essential components of future information superhighways未来信息高速公路的基本部件Statistical multiplexing统计复用Optimum use of resources资源的最佳使用Virtual private networks虚拟专用网13.多媒体一、汉译英多媒体multimedia交互环境interactive environment视频压缩video compression高清晰度电视high definition television数字信号处理器digital signal processor点播业务on-demand services视频服务器video servers硬件、软件和应用hardware,software and application存储storage彩显colour monitor全活动图像full motion picture视频编码器vision encoder二、英译汉Mixture of hardware,software and applications硬件、软件和应用的混合Interactive environment交互环境Personal desk top computers个人桌面计算机Video compression视频压缩The vision encoder视频编码器Video-on-demand interactive services交互式视频点播业务Multimedia environment多媒体环境Visual images视频图像Hard disk storage硬盘存储Colour monitor彩显The standards of multimedia多媒体的标准Motion pictures活动图像Consumer quality of video and audio顾客质量的视频和音频Broadcast images广播图像High definition television高清晰度电视Coding algorithms编码算法Digital signal processor数字信号处理14.IP电视一、汉译英通信行业communication industry广播电视broadcast television基础结构infrastructure可视电话video telephone宽带数字技术broadband digital technology端对端的传输end-to-end transmission quanlity交换机架switch cabinet高清电视high-definition television编码技术coding technologies国际电信联盟International Telecommunication Union内容提供商content provider交互式链路interactive link二、英译汉The delivery of television over Internet Protocol(IP) networks通过IP网络传送电视The diverse content and communication services多种多样的内容和通信服务The video telephony and remote monitoring可视电话和远程监控To distribute digital television channels to consumers using a TV screen利用电视屏幕向用户发送数字电视频道The telecommunication services such as voice connections例如话音连接的电信服务The limited network bandwidth有限的网络带宽The advanced coding technologies先进的编码技术A myriad of new innovative services and applications to the user大量的创新业务和用户应用15.非对称数字用户线一、汉译英综合业务数字网Integrated services digital network局域网local area network数字用户线digital subscriber line千比特每秒kilobit per second数据流data stream传真机fax machine网上浏览surf the web白噪声white noise带宽bandwidth业务提供商serveice provide双绞线twisted-pair line双工电话信道duplex telephone channel数字信号处理digital signal processing模拟滤波器analog filterA/D变换器converter频分复用frequency division multiplexing回声消除echo cancellation调制技术modulation technique以太网ethernet防火墙firewall二、英译汉The asymmetric digital subscriber line非对称数字用户线路The high-speed Internet access service高速的因特网接入服务The grade of ADSL service purchased所购买的ADSL服务的等级The analog signal telephones and fax machine use电话和传真机使用的模拟信号The data coming to your computer from the Internet从因特网送到你的计算机的数据The twisted-pair telephone lines双绞线电话线路The available bandwidth of a telephone line电话线的有效带宽The time division multiplexing时分多路复用The plain old telephone system conversations老式的单纯电话系统的通话The quadrature amplitude modulation正交复读调制16.电信世界的现状和未来一、汉译英X.25 协议protocol电视信号television signals。

2SD315A在高压重复频率电源中的应用

2SD315A在高压重复频率电源中的应用

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当 采 用 Ｉ Ｔ 全 桥 电路 实 现 电源 从 直 流 到 高频 ＧＢ 脉 冲 串 的转 变 时 ，通 过 调节 驱 动 电路 ２ Ｄ３ ５ 的 Ｓ １Ａ
Ｐ ＷＭ 输 出 ，可 实 现 电源 高 压 脉 冲 串 的截 止 与 输 出 ， 另外也通过改变全桥 Ｐ ＷＭ 驱 动 脉 冲 的 移 相 角 实现 输 出充 电 电压 （ ～ ＋２ Ｖ）及 充 电速 度 调 节 ，在 ０ ５ｋ 输 出 端 获 取 理 想 电压 。
ｇ ｎ ｒ ｔ ｒ ２ Ｄ３１ Ａ ａ ｉ ｈ ￣ｅ ｕ ｎ ｙ ｂｉ ｒｖ ｕ ｒ ｎ ｎ ｍ ｐ ｒ ｅ ｔ ｌ ｒｄ ｒ ｃ ｈｏ ｔ ｃ ｒ ｅ ｔｆ ｌ ｂ ｃ ｉｃ ｉ ａ ｄ ｅ ｅ ａ ｏ ． Ｓ ５ ｈ ｓ ｈ ｇ ｑ ｅ ｃ ， ｇ ｄ ｉ ｅ ｃ ｒｅ ｔ ａ ｄ ｉ ｅ ｆ ｃ ｉ ｅ ｆ ｉｅ ｔｓ ｒ ， ｕ ｒ ｎ ｏ ｄ ａ ｋ ｃ ｒ ｕ ｔ ｎ ｂ ｏ ｐ ｗｅ ｕ ｐ ｙ ｆ ｎ ｔｏ ．Ａｃ ｏ ｄ ｎ ｏ ｉｓ ｏ ｅ ａ ｉ ｇ ｐ ｉ ｃ ｐ ｅ ａ ｄ ｆ ａ ｕ ｅ ｏ ｏ ｒｓ ｐ ｌ ｕ ｃｉ ｎ ｃ ｒ ｉ ｇ ｔ ｔ ｐ ｒ ｔｎ ｒｎ ｉ ｌ ｎ ｅ ｔ ｒ ，ｃ ｍｂ ｎ ｏ ｒ ｓ ｐ ｙ ｓ ｓ ｅ ｓｒ ｃ ｕ ｅ ｎ ｔ ｅ ｉ ｅ ｐ ｗｅ — ｕ ｐｌ ｙ ｔ ｍ ｔｕ ｔ ｒ ，ｏ ｈ ｂ ｓ ｓｏ ｘ ｅ ｉ ｅ ｔ ｄ ｉ ｅ ｐ ｒｐ ｅ ａ ｉ ｃ ｉ ａ ｄ ｃ ｒ ｅ ａ ｉ ｎ ｐ ｒ ｍ ｅ ｅ ｓ ｅ ｉ ｎ Ｉ ｃ ｎ ｄ ｉ ｅ ｓｎ ｌ ａ ｖ ｒｔ ｉ ｈ ｐ ｗｅ ａ ｉ ｆｅ ｐ ｒｍ ｎ ， ｒ ｖ ｅ ｉ ｈ ｒ ｌ ｒ ｕ ｔ ｎ ｏ ｒ ｌ ｔｏ ａ ａ ｔ ｒｉ ｓｇ ． ｔ ａ ｒｖ ｉ ｇ ｅ ｖ ｌ ｅｏ ｃ ｄ ｗｏ ｈ ｇ — ｏ ｒ Ｉ ＧＢＴ ｉ ｎ￣ｅ ｕ ｎ ｙ ２ ｋ ｎ ｏ ｒ ｓ ｏ ｄ ｎ ｑ ｅ ｃ ０ Ｈｚａ ｄ ｃ ｒｅ ｐ ｎ ｉ ｇ ｉ ｍｐｕ ｓ ｄ ｈ ｉ ｃ ｎ ｖ ｌ ｉ ｎ ｅ ｉ ｂ ｌｔ ｃ ｉ ｖ ＧＢＴ ｄ ｒ ｃ ｈ ｒ ｃ ｒ ｅ ｔ ｌ ｅ ｗｉ ｔ ， ｔ ａ ａ ｉ ｔ ａ ｄ ｒ ｌ ｉｉ ａ ｈ ｅ ｅＩ ｄ ｙ ａ ｙ ｉｅ ｔｓ ｏ ｔ ｕ ｒ ｎ ｆ ｌ ｂ ｃ ｉ ｃ ｉ ｎ Ｏ ｏ ． ｘ ｅ ｉ ｅ ｔ ｅ ｕ ｔｓ ｏ ｄ ｔ ａ ｈ ｒ ｖ ｉｃ ｉ ｈ ｓｇ ｏ ｒｖ ａ ａ ｉｉ ｎ ｒ ｔ ｃｉ ｎ ｆ ｎ ｔｏ ｏ ｄ ａ ｋ ｃ ｒ ｕ ｔａ ｄ Ｓ ｎ Ｅ ｐ ｒｍ ｎ ｓ ｌ ｈ ｗｅ ｈ ｔ ｅ ｄ ｉ ｅ ｃ ｒ ｕ ｔ ａ ｏ ｄ ｄ ｉ ｅ ｃ ｐ ｂ ｌ ｙ ａ ｄ ｐ ｏ ｅ ｔ ｕ ｃ ｉ ｎ ｒ ｔ ｔ ｏ ｉ ｉ ｈ ｐ ｗｅ ＧＢＴ ｒｖ ｒ ｎ ｈ ｇ — ｏ ｒＩ ｄ ｉｅ ． Ｋｅ ｗｏ ｄ ： ｇ ｏ ｔ ｇ ；Ｈｉ ｈ ｐ ｗｅ ； ｐ ｔｔ ｅ ｆ ｅ ｕ ｎ ｙ ２ Ｄ３１ Ａ； ｉ ｅ Ｉ ｙ ｒ ｓ Ｈｉ ｈ ｖ ｌａ ｅ ｇ ｏ ｒ Ｒｅ ｅ ｉ ｖ ｒ ｑ ｅ ｃ ； Ｓ ｉ ５ Ｄｒｖ ； ＧＢＴ

高频测试仪产品说明书

高频测试仪产品说明书

1981Agilent8360B Series Synthesized SweptSignal Generators8360L Series Synthesized SweptCW GeneratorsData Sheet1.This band is 26.5 GHz to 40 GHz for the 83640B/L.Minimum settableStandard: –20 dBmOption 001: –110 dBmResolution:0.02 dBSwitching time(without attenuator change):10 ms, typicalTemperature stability:0.01 dB/°C, typicalAccuracy(dB)3,4Specifications apply in CW, step, list, manualsweep, and ramp sweep modes of operation.Frequency (GHz)³2.0>20Power <2.0and ²20and ²40>40>+10 dBm ±1.2 ±1.3>–10 dBm5±0.6 ±0.7 ±0.9 ±1.7dBm ±0.9 ±1.0 ±1.2 ±2.0>–60dBm ±1.4 ±1.5 ±1.7 ±2.5²–60User flatness correctionNumber of points: 2 to 801 points/table.Number of tables = up to 8Entry modes: GPIB power meter, GPIB bus,and manual.Flatness(dB)Specifications apply in CW, step, list, manualsweep, and ramp sweep modes of operation.Frequency (GHz)2. Specification applies over the 0 °C to 35 °C temperature range (0 °C to 25 °C for output frequencies >20 GHz). Maximum leveled output power overthe 35 °C to 55 °C temperature range typically degrades by less than 2 dB.3. I ncludesflatness.4. Specifications apply over the 15 °C to 35 °C temperature range for output frequencies <50 MHz5. Specifications apply over the 15 °C to 35 °C temperature range and are degraded 0.3 dB outside of that range.3Analog power sweepRange:–20 dBm to maximum available power, can be offset using step attenuator.External levelingRange:At external 33330D/E detector: –36 to +4 dBm At external leveling input: –200 µV to –0.5 voltsBandwidthExternal detector mode: 10 or 100 kHz (sweep speed and modulation mode dependent), nominalPower meter mode: 0.7 Hz, nominalSource match(internally leveled), typical 6<20 GHz 1.6:1 SWR <40 GHz 1.8:1 SWR <50 GHz 2.0:1 SWRSpectral puritySpecifications apply in CW, step, list, and manual sweep modes of operation. Specifications for harmonics beyond maximum instrument frequen-cies are typical.Spurious signals (dBc)Harmonics Agilent model numbersOutput83620B 83623B 83623L 83630B/L 83640B/L frequencies 83622B 83624B 83650B/L<2.0 GHzStandard –30–257–257–30–307Option 006 –307–257–307–307³2.0 GHz and <26.5 GHzStandard –50–25–45–50–50Option 006 –60–60–60–50³26.5 GHz Standard –40Option 006–40Subharmonics Output83620B 83623B 83623L 83630B/L 83640B/L frequencies 83622B 83624B 83650B/L <7 GHz None None None None None ³7 and ²20 GHz –50 –50 –50 –50 –50>20 GHz and ²40 GHz –50–408>40 GHz–3586.Typically 2.0:1 SWR at frequencies below 50 MHz.7.Specification is –20 dBc below 50 MHz.8.Specifications typical below 0 dBm.Residual FM(rms, 50 Hz to 15 kHz bandwidth) CW mode or Sweep widths ²n ´10 MHz: n ´60 Hz, typicalSweep widths >n ´10 MHz: n ´15 kHz, typical ModulationAll modulation specifications are only applicable to the Agilent 8360B series. Pulse modulation specifications apply for output frequencies400 MHz and above.Internal pulse generator Width range: 1 µs to 65 ms Period range: 2 µs to 65 ms Resolution: 1 µs9.Specification applies at output levels 0 dBm and below.10.Frequency range is 26.5 GHz to 40 GHz on the 83640B/L.11.In the 83623B/83624B, specification applies at ALC levels 0 dBm and above, and over the 20 °C to 55 °C temperature range. Specificationdegrades 5 dB below 20 °C, and 1 dB per dB below ALC level 0 dBm in those models.12.With external input. Internal pulses are limited by minimum width of internal pulse generator.13.Option 002 adds 30 ns delay and ±5 ns pulse compression for external pulse inputs. AM and Scan Bandwidth (3 dB, 30% depth,modulation peaks 3 dB below maximum rated power): DC to 250 kHz.4514.Deep mode offers reduced distortion for very deep AM. Waveform is DC-coupled and feedback-leveled at ALC levels above –13 dBm. At ALC levels below–13 dBm, output is DC-controllable, but subject to sample-and-hold drift of 0.25 dB/second.15.The 8360 has two unleveled modes, ALC Off and Search. In ALC Off mode, the modulator drive can becontrolled from the front panel to vary quiescent RF output level. In Search mode, the instrument microprocessormomentarily closes the ALC loop to find the modulator drive setting necessary to make the quiescent RF output level equal to an entered value, then opens the ALC loop while maintaining that modulator drive setting. Neither of these modes is feedback leveled.GeneralStorage temperature range:–40 °C to 75 °C Operating temperature range:0 °C to 55 °C EnvironmentalEMC:Within limits of CISPR Pub.11/1990 Group 1, Class A, and Mil-Std-461C Part 7 RE02Warm-up timeOperation:Requires 30-minute warm-up from cold start at 0°C to 55 °C. Internal temperature equilib-rium reached after two-hour warm-up at stable ambient temperature.Frequency reference:Reference time base is kept at operating temperature with the instrument con-nected to AC power. Instruments disconnected from AC power for more than 24 hours require30 days to achieve time base aging specification. Instruments disconnected from AC power for less than 24 hours require 24 hours to achieve time base aging specification.Power requirements48 to 66 Hz; 115 volts (+10/–25%) or 230 volts(+10/–15%); 400 VA maximum (30 VA in STANDBY) Weight and dimensionsNet weight:27 kg (60 lb)Shipping weight:36 kg (80 lb)Dimensions:178 H ´425 W ´648 mm D(7.0 ´16.75 ´22.5 inches)Adapters supplied83620B, 83622B, 83623B/L, 83624B, 83630B/LType N (female) – 3.5 mm (female) Part Number 1250-1745 3.5 mm (female) – 3.5 mm (female) Part Number 5061-5311 83640B/L, 83650B/L2.4 mm (female) – 2.92 mm (female) Part Number 1250-2187 2.4 mm (female) – 2.4 mm (female) Part Number 1250-2188 Inputs and outputsAuxiliary outputProvides an unmodulated reference signal from2 to 26.5 GHz at a typical minimum power level of –10 dBm. Nominal output impedance 50 ohms. (SMA female, rear panel.)RF outputNominal output impedance 50 ohms. (Precision 3.5 mm male on 20 and 26.5 GHz models, 2.4 mm male on 40 and 50 GHz models, front panel.)External ALC inputUsed for negative external detector or power meter leveling. Nominal input impedance 120 kohms, damage level ±15 volts. See RF Output specifica-tions. (BNC female, front panel.)Pulse input/output(8360B models only)TTL-low-level signal turns RF off. When using standard internal pulse generator a TTL-level pulse sync signal preceeding the RF pulse by nomi-nally 80 ns is output at this connector. Nominal input impedance 50 ohms, damage level +5.5,–0.5 volts. See Modulation specifications. (BNC female, front panel.)AM input(8360B models only)Nominal input impedance 50 ohms (internally switchable to 2 kohms), damage level ±15 volts. See Modulation specifications. (BNC female, front panel.)FM input(8360B models only)Nominal input impedance 50 ohms (internally switchable to 600 ohms), damage level ±15 volts. See Modulation specifications. (BNC female, front panel.)Trigger inputActivated on TTL rising edge. Used to externally activate an analog sweep or to advance to the next point in step or list mode. Damage level +5.5,–0.5 volts. (BNC female, rear panel.)Trigger outputOutputs a one-microsecond-wide TTL pulse at 1601 points evenly spaced across an analog sweep, or at each point in step or list mode. (BNC female, rear panel.)10 MHz reference inputAccepts 10 MHz ±100 Hz, 0 to +10 dBm reference signal for operation from external time base. Nominal input impedance 50 ohms. Damage level +10, –5 volts. (BNC female, rear panel.)10 MHz reference outputNominal signal level 0 dBm, nominal output imped-ance 50 ohms. (BNC female, rear panel.)Sweep outputSupplies a voltage proportional to the sweep rang-ing from 0 volts at start of sweep to 10 volts at end of sweep, regardless of sweep width. In CW mode, voltage is proportional to percentage of full instru-ment frequency range. Minimum load impedance 3 kohms. Accuracy ±0.25%, ±10 mv, typical. (BNC female, rear panel.)Stop sweep input/outputSweep will stop when grounded externally. TTL-high while sweeping, TTL-low when 8360 stops sweeping. Damage level +5.5, –0.5 volts. (BNC female, rear panel.)6Z-Axis blanking/markers outputSupplies positive rectangular pulse (approximately +5 volts into 2 kohms) during the retrace and band switchpoints of the RF output. Also supplies a neg-ative pulse (–5 volts) when the RF is at a marker frequency (intensity markers only). (BNC female, rear panel.)Volts/GHz outputSupplies a voltage proportional to output frequency at 0.25 volts/GHz, 0.5 volts/GHz, or 1 volt/GHz (model dependant and internally switchable). Maximum output 18 volts. Minimum load imped-ance 2 kohms. Accuracy ±0.5%, ±10 mv, typical. (BNC female, rear panel.)Source module interfaceProvides bias, flatness correction, and leveling con-nections for the 83550 series of millimeter-wave source modules. (Special, front, and rear panels.) Auxiliary interfaceProvides control signal connections to the 8516A S-parameter test set. Also used when two 8360 series synthesized sweepers are operated in mas-ter/slave mode. (25-pin D-subminiature receptacle, rear panel.)Pulse video output (Option 002 only.) Outputs the pulse modulation waveform that is supplied to the modulator. This can be either the internally or externally generated pulse modulation signal. (BNC female, rear panel.)Pulse sync out(Option 002 only.) Outputs a 50 ns wide TTL pulse synchronized to the leading edge of the internally generated pulse. (BNC female, rear panel.)AM/FM output(Option 002 only.) Outputs the inter-nally generated AM or FM waveform. This output can drive 50 ohms or greater. The AM output is scaled the same as it is generated, either 100%/V or 10 dB/V. The FM scaling depends on the FM devia-tion selected. (BNC female, rear panel.)Models83620B10 MHz to 20 GHz83622B2 GHz to 20 GHz83623B10 MHz to 20 GHz (high power)83624B2 GHz to 20 GHz (high power)83630B10 MHz to 26.5 GHz83640B10 MHz to 40 GHz83650B10 MHz to 50 GHz83623L10 MHz to 20 GHz83630L10 MHz to 26.5 GHz83640L10 MHz to 40 GHz83650L10 MHz to 50 GHz OptionsOption 001 adds step attenuatorWith this option, minimum settable output power is –110 dBm. Maximum leveled output power is reduced by 1.5 dB to 20 GHz, 2 dB above 20 GHz, and 2.5 dB above 40 GHz.Option 002 adds internal modulation generator(8360B only – not available on 8360L)Adds a digitally synthesized modulation waveform source-on-a-card to the 8360. Provides signals that would otherwise be applied to the external modu-lation inputs.Option 004 rear panel RF outputMoves RF output, external ALC input, pulseinput/output, AM input, and FM input connectors to the rear panel.Option 006 fast pulse modulation(8360B only – not available on 8360L)Improves pulse rise/fall time to 10 ns. Also improves harmonic performance.Option 008 1 Hz frequency resolutionProvides frequency resolution of 1 Hz.Option 700 MATE system compatibilityProvides CIIL programming commands for MATE system compatibility.Option 806 rack slide kitUsed to rack mount the 8360 while permitting access to internal spaces.Option 908 rack flange kitUsed to rack mount the 8360 without front handles. Option 910 extra operating and service manuals Provides a second copy of Operating and Service manuals.Option 913 rack flange kitUsed to rack mount the 8360 with front handles. Front handles are standard on the 8360.ISO 9002 compliantThese models are manufactured in an ISO 9002 registered facility in concurrence with Agilent Technologies’ commitment to quality. UpgradesModel and frequency upgrades are available. Please contact your Agilent sales representative for details.7。

达拉电子200W热电转换器说明书

达拉电子200W热电转换器说明书

Specification For ApprovalCustomer :Description : Thermoelectric cooler 200WCustomer part no : Rev. :Delta model no : HET200PC Rev. : 05 Sample issue no :Sample issue date : Aug.5 2020Please send one copy of this specification back after yousigned approval for production pre-arrangementApproved by :Date :DELTA ELECTRONICS, INC.252, SHANG YING ROAD, KUEI SAN TEL : 886-(03)-3591968 TAOYUAN HSIEN 333, TAIWAN, R. O. C. FAX : 886-(03)-3591991Table of contentModify the airflow & Certified safety (13)1.Description (4)1-1. General description : (4)1-2. Main feature (Operating 48VDC at 25ﾟC) (4)1-3. Dimension (5)1-3-1 Drawing (5)1-3-2 Mounting panel cutout (6)1-4. Maintenance (7)1-5. Thermal path and airflow baffle (7)2.Electrical specification (8)2-1. Indicator & connector (8)2-2. Cooling Performance VS Temperature Difference (8)2-3. TEC work temperature range (8)2-4. Interface (9)3.Environmental conditions (11)3-1. Operating temperature : (11)3-2. Storage temperature : (11)3-3. Humidity (11)3-4. Protection rating (11)3-5. MTBF (11)4.Certified safety (12)4-1. Safety Mark (12)er cable (12)5-1Power cable (12)Specification for approvalCustomer :Description : Thermoelectric cooler 200WCustomer P/N : Rev. :Delta model no. : HET200PC Rev. : 03 Sample revision: Issue no. : Sample issue date : Quantity : sets1. Description1-1. General description :The Thermoelectric cooler (TEC) is designed for direct air to air heat removal in the cabinet. It is easy to be installed in the cabinet(recommended on the door of the cabinet) with the nuts.The internal and external air circulation loops of the TEC Module are separated to prevent the entry of dust, humidity and dirt. The unit conforms to IP55 protection rating on the external air circuit.1-2. Main feature (Operating 48VDC at 25ﾟC)*200 W cooling capacity is defined at △T=0℃and Tambient =25℃*The cooling capacity is defined when the internal and external airflow rate are at 100 CFM and 120 CFM, accordingly.*Cooling capacity is for internal side.1-3. Dimension1-3-1 Drawing(1) Material : case aluminum sheet , t=1.5mm(2) Finish : Power paint 75~120um,(3) Color : RAL 7032(4) Dimension tolerance:X.X [X.XX] : ± 1.0mm [0.04”]X.XX [X.XXX] : ± 0.3mm [0.012”]1-3-2 Mounting panel cutout1-4. Maintenance1-4-1. Be sure to disconnect power supply before disassembly TEC module from customer cabinet.1-4-2. Please refer to Delta authorized engineers for TEC module component replacement service, no allow unauthorized personnelto repair the unit.1-4-3. If the replacement by user himself is necessary, please refer to the exploded drawing shown as previous page and below descriptionfor disassembly.External fan: Disassemble mounting screw of external fan via screwdriver & pull out the connector.Internal fan: Disassemble mounting screw of internal fan via screwDriver & pull out the connector.Controller: Need to disassemble internal fan first , then pull-out all cable connection on controller , take off mounting screw of controllerfinally .TEC device: Due to TEC device have waterproof sealant protection and thermal conductive compound with heat-sink, please kindlyship back to Delta for replacement.1-5. Thermal path and airflow baffleThe thermal exchange path is shown in the figure below.2. Electrical specification2-1. Indicator & connectorConnector " -48V VDC " mate with JWT C4201WR0-2*3PNL 2-2. Cooling Performance VS Temperature Difference2-3. TEC work temperature rangeHET200PC has two work status, cooling and heating, according to the cabinet internal temperature (detect by on-board NTC).2-4. InterfaceHET200PC control-board interface is as diagram. The function will be described as following:LED and Test Button:LED "STATUS"(Green) : HET200PC work in cooling mode(Red) : HET200PC work in heating mode(Dark): HET200PC TEC function OFF(Blink red) : Sensor failed⏹LED "TEC" *(Green) : TEC normal(Red) : TEC failed(Blink green) : TEC normal in test process(Blink red) : TEC failed in test process⏹LED "FAN"(Green) : Fan normal(Red) : Fan failed(Blink Green) : Fan normal in test process(Blink Red) : Fan failed in test process⏹TESTThere is an auto test button on HET200PC, user can press this button to run heating and cooling process, the process is about 3~4 mints. User can turn off this function by pressing this button again.Alarm dry contact: (MAX. 60VDC 400mA or 125VAC, 400mA)⏹Pin1 to pin3 “Close”:Normal⏹Pin1 to pin3 “Open”:Fan, TEC or sensor failed⏹Pin2 to pin3 “Open”:Normal⏹Pin2 to pin3 “Close”:Fan, TEC or sensor failed3. Environmental conditions3-1. Operating temperature :-40°C ~ +55°C (-40°F ~ 131°F)3-2. Storage temperature :-40°C ~ +65°C (-40°F ~ 149°F)3-3. HumidityExternal air circuit: 0 ~ 100% RHInternal air circuit: 0 ~ 90% RH3-4. Protection ratingIP55 (IEC60529) on external side with mounting on door.GR487 salt fog test complied on external side3-5. MTBFFan lifetime is expected to have a minimum L10 life of 80,000 hours continuous operation at 40°C with 15 ~ 65%RH at 48 voltage4. Certified safety4-1. Safety Mark5. User cableEach HET200PC will provide 1 cable with shipment.5-1 P ower cable。

高频发生器使用说明书

高频发生器使用说明书

4642 N. RAVENSWOOD, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60640-4510TELEPHONE: 1-773-561-2349FAX: 1-773-561-3130Model BD-10A /BD-10AS HIGH FREQUENCY GENERATORPRODUCT NUMBER 11011 / 11031INSTRUCTIONSDESCRIPTION. The Model BD-10A and BD-10AS are hand-held units which generate a high voltage at a high frequency. It is intended for intermittent use, no more than 10 minutes at a time. It has an output of between 20,000 to 45,000 volts, at a frequency of approximately 500 kHz. When properly adjusted, when the electrode is held within ¼ to 1 in. (6 to 25 mm) from a metal object, a spark will jump to the metal. Current output of the spark is about 1 mA.The Model BD-10AS (illustrated above) has a button on the side, which when pressed turns on the high voltage side of the coil. When it is depressed, the high voltage is turned off. The Model BD-10A does not have this feature.Both models are a variation of the tesla coil. They have a primary coil which produces an output voltage of about 1200 V at the input line frequency, 50 or 60 Hz. This output voltage is interrupted by a vibrating contact, energized by this coil at twice the line frequency. The output voltage of this primary coil is connected to capacitors, which are then discharged into a high voltage coil.The capacitance, resistance and inductance of this circuit is designed to oscillate, or ring, at a very high frequency, in this case 500 kHz. The output of this high voltage coil is adjustable by varying the distance of the vibrating contacts, which is user adjustable, by means of a knob on the end of the unit.Applications include pinhole leak detection, as in the linings of tanks and other similar metal objects, and in plastic welds, where a test metal backing is applied. Other applications include ionizing a gas inside a lamp, neon sign, double-pane insulated window, pharmaceutical vial, or similar glass vessel where a deep vacuum is contained.03/11Four models are available for different input voltages:Model BD-10A, 115 V, 50/60 Hz, with 12101 Electrode Tip.Model BD-10AV, 230 V, 50/60 Hz, with 12101 Electrode Tip.Model BD-10AS, 115 V, 50/60 Hz, with Switch and 12101 Electrode Tip.Model BD-10ASV, 230 V, 50/60 Hz, with Switch and 12101 Electrode Tip. INSTALLATION. A standard tip electrode, Part No, 12101, illustrated above, but not below is included with each model. To install it, press it into the tip of the generator handle. To remove, grasp its base firmly, and with a gentle rocking motion, pull out from the generator tip. Never insert or remove the electrode while power is on.Accessory Electrodes for the Model BD-10A/BD-10AS12111 Spring Tip 12121 T-Tip 12131 T-Tip, 12 in. Wide 12141 Fan Tip 12401 Brush Tip 4-1/4 in. Wide 4 in. Wide12421 Brush Electrode, 8 in. WideThese electrodes, plus the 12101 Standard Tip, are the only factory approved electrodes for the Model BD-10A/BD-10AS. No other electrodes should be used. After the electrode is inserted, plug the power line cord into its matching receptacle, providing the proper voltage for the unit, either 115 V or 230 V.OPERATION.1) Turn the Output Adjustment Knob fully counterclockwise.2) Turn the Output Adjustment Knob clockwise to adjust the voltage forthe desired spark length. Hold the tip close to a metal object, toobserve and adjust the length of the spark.3) For pinhole detection of thick materials, the spark should be adjustedfor near maximum length. For thinner materials, a shorter spark isdesired. A one inch spark represents a peak voltage of approximately50,000 volts. For materials less than 1/8 in. (3 mm), use the ModelBD-40E or Model BD-60. For vacuum leak checking, an output nearthe maximum is usually required to ionize (glow) the gas inside thecontainer.4) Once the unit is adjusted, pass the electrode over the material beingtested. The electrode can be passed directly over most materials,however, with thin linings or glass, keep the electrode no more than1/8 in. above the surface being tested.5) When the electrode passes over a pinhole, crack, or similar type flaw,observe a bright, concentrated spark jumping from the electrode to themetal, or similarly conducting surface below the lining or coating.Do not use the Voltage Adjustment Knob as an “ON/OFF” switch forthe high voltage, as this will prematurely wear this part. Never leaveeither model connected to the power line unattended. Remove fromthe power line when not in use. Use of a power strip with ON / OFFSwitch is recommended.If the output level of the Model BD-10A/BD-10AS is required to be verified when this instrument is in use, check the output with a Model 12701 Peak Voltage Calibrator, shown below.THEORY OF OPERATION. The output of the Model BD10A/AS is adjusted by changing the gap between two contacts, one vibrating due to the magnetic pull and push from a coil, and the other connected to a screw with black knob at the end of the unit. The vibrating contact assembly consists of the contact, spring, and metal plug to which the magnetic field attracts and repels. The other contact assembly is held in place by a flexible spring connected to a shaft and the black control knob. Its position is determined by the adjustment, in or out, of the connecting shaft.Both contact assemblies must make contact to energize both the magnetic and high voltage coils and capacitor, but must also allow this contact to break when the vibrating contact is pulled away by the attracting force portion of the alternately attracting/repelling magnetic field. This action of making and breaking these two contacts sets up an oscillation in the circuitry, generating the high voltage at a high frequency (of 500 kHz).If the gap between the contacts is too large, no contact will be made, the circuits will not be connected; the unit will not generate the high voltage. If the adjusting shaft is turned clockwise too much, both contacts will be pressed together towards the magnetic coil, but the spring tension on the vibrating contact will be too great for the attracting magnetic field to overcome. Hence, the contacts will not break contact, and the unit will not produce the high voltage.Once the contact gap is adjusted properly to make and break the connection between contacts, the distance can be adjusted, to a limited range, to vary the output of the voltage, the greater the gap the lower the voltage, and vice versa. However, the gap distance is also affected by the pull of gravity of the metal plug of the vibrating contact, especially at the lowest output level. If, for example, if the unit is adjusted to resonate while the unit is held horizontally, if then positioned to point downward, the gap distance will increase, breaking the connection between contacts. If the unit is then held vertically upward, the gap distance decreases, making the connection again between the contacts.For example, if the Model BD-10A/AS was set for an output voltage near the low range of operation, at the horizontal position, it might have an output of 23 kV, but be intermittent, cutting out on occasion, if held with the switch pointing down, and continuous if the switch was held upright. When held pointing down, the unit might no longer generate an output. When held pointing up, the unit might generate a voltage of 27 kV, with a continuous output.Normally, units should be adjusted to function in the orientation in which it is used, or adjusted to operate at the higher output level, where the orientation issue is not as much a problem.Alternately, the Model BD-50E is recommended. The vibration contacts are inside a power control unit, and are always horizontal when the power control unit is placed on a horizontal surface. The high voltage coil is held in the black-plastic housing. It can be held in any position without affecting the position of the contact gap. In fact the contact gap is factory set for optimal performance, and the output is changed by a 9-step switch, with positions marked on the power control unit front panel. This also makes the calibration of this unit more positive, and repeatable, then the Model BD-10A/AS.For voltage ranges below 20 kV, another option is the Model BD-40E. It uses solid-state circuitry, instead of vibrating contacts to adjust the voltage and set upSAFETY PRECAUTIONS. It is used in industrial applications for pinholeleak detection, and to ionize a gas inside a lamp, neon sign, vial or similardevice to determine whether a good vacuum is being held inside thedevice. It is also used as a lamp starter, principally in printing industry.Only factory approved electrodes should be used. No other electrodes should be used with this device.Never touch or come in contact with the high voltage output of this device, nor with any device it is energizing.Since its output is 500 kHz, it radiates its energy for a short distance. It may interfere with sensitive electronic devices near by. If a user is wearing a pace maker or similar device, their physician should be contacted prior to using this device. The same should be said for women who are pregnant.Also, a small amount of ozone gas is generated as a by-product. Use in a well-ventilated area.Special Notice Regarding CE Marking. The Model BD-10AV/BD-10ASV generates a high voltage corona of approximately 500 kHz.However by the very nature of its design, it will produceelectromagnetic interference (EMI) as a result of its operation.Electric arc welders, for example, are another product that by its very nature and mode of operation produces EMI.As a result, the Model BD-10AV/BD-10ASV cannot meet the European Union Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Directive 89/336/EEC, and cannot be CE marked.It does, however, meet EN61010-1:1993 Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control and Laboratory Use, following the provisions of the Low Voltage Directive 73/23/EEC, as amended by 93/68/EECBecause of the risk of EMI, a risk assessment should be carried out prior to use of this equipment.The power output of the Model BD-10 is limited. The effective range of EMI is less than about 1 meter on so in all directions. Metal objects nearby may bend or deflect this radiation. Therefore, there is some risk that it might interfere with electronic equipment 1 meter or so from this apparatus. This might include telephones, computers, cell phones, for example. Operators who wear pacemakers may also wish to consult with a physician prior to using this equipment.If interference with equipment is detected, move the Model BD-10 further away,or schedule its operation when the affected equipment is not in operation. Consult plant safety personnel regarding its use.If you should have any further questions, contact Electro-Technic Products, Inc. for additional technical assistance.REPAIR. There are no user serviceable parts inside the unit. In the event that the unit requires service, send it back to the factory. However, parts are available separately, so an experienced electronics technician can make repairs. The following troubleshooting guide is furnished:Disassembly Instructions:With the power removed from the unit, remove the electrode tip, and the remove the 10-32 hex nut by using the special 5/16 in. nut driver, P/N 049-0025-1. Then remove the top half (smooth cone portion) of the plastic housing by turning it counterclockwise.Turn the black adjusting knob counterclockwise and remove it by holding the brass adjusting screw with the special 3/16-in. wrench, P/N 049-0026-1 and turning the knob counterclockwise. Save the plastic and fiber washers. The number of washers may vary from one unit to another.On each side of the adjusting screw are two metal screws covered by wax. Remove and save the wax, and remove the screws.Slide the rear plastic housing back and expose the internal parts of the unit. During this operation, for the Model BD-10AS, pull the black plastic button up to avoid interference while the housing is being removed.Troubleshooting:Observe the adjusting screw for worn threads. Replace if this is observed. Note that on Model BD-10A (unit without switch), some customers incorrectly use the adjusting knob as an “ON/OFF” switch. This practice prematurely wears out the threads. Customers must be warned not to do this, but do use a power strip or similar device to turn the unit on and off.Next observe the contacts. They must be aligned to each other’s center as much as possible, and must be corrosion and burn-spot free. If corrosion or burn spots are observed, clean with a fine file, or replace. Make sure the bottom contact has enough room on the bottom, so that when the top spring is pushed against it, the bottom contact does not get pushed into the molded spool core.Use a multimeter to check the power cord for any broken wires. Replace if it is found that the customer has used tape to cover frayed insulation.Check the magnet coil for broken wire leads. Use an ohmmeter to measure the resistance of the magnet coil. If the coil resistance is zero (open), replace it.Check the yellow capacitor using an ohmmeter. Check for broken leads. If power is applied to the unit, and it makes a knocking sound (from the armature bottom spring making contact with the spool core), but there is no output, the capacitor is bad. Replace it if any of these conditions are present.Use an ohmmeter to check the resonator coil. If no resistance, check for broken lead wires, or replace the resonator coil. If the unit is powered, and arcing is observed inside the resonator coil, replace it. If the unit works Okay, but has a weak output, the resonator coil is defective. Replace the resonator coil if any of these conditions are present.The Model BD-10AS has a microswitch to turn power on and off to the resonator. Check the switch for broken wire leads. If leads are Okay, test the switch for continuity with a multimeter. Replace if bad.If the unit is working, but the output is reduced, check the resonator coil, the capacitor, and the contacts.Assembly Instructions:For the Model BD-10AS, make sure the microswitch aligns with the pushbutton.Install the plastic housing, 10-32 nut, and screws to the proper position.To avoid a potential shock hazard, cover the screws with wax as before.Install the adjusting knob on the adjusting screw. Turn the knob clockwise until the unit turns on. Turn the knob clockwise until it shuts off. Back up the knob until the unit turns on again. Remove power from the unit and install the plastic or fiber washers into the space between the plastic housing and the adjusting knob. Tighten the knob securely.The unit should sound smooth when turned on. If the adjusting knob is turned too far into the unit, a loud vibration will be heard, the output will be high. If left in this position, the internal parts will begin to burn up. Back off the knob to the position which has a smooth sound.If the contacts were replaced, the number of adjusting washers may vary with what was used before contact replacement. If the contacts were not replaced, the same number of adjusting washers can be used.REPAIR PARTS. The following are repair parts for the BD-10 models. Contact Electro-Technic for price and availability. These parts can be ordered on-line from our e-commerce section of our web site.Part Number Description12101 Electrode Tip002-0005-1 Nut, 10-32, Hex, for Electrode Socket011-0008-1 Magnet Coil, Model BD-10A, 115 V011-0009-1 Magnet Coil, Model BD-10AV, 230 V011-0010-1 Magnet Coil, Model BD-10AS, 115 V011-0011-1 Magnet Coil, Model BD-10ASV, 230 V011-0018-1 Magnet Coil, w/Capacitor & Spool Head011-0024-1 Resonator Coil021-0003-1 Capacitor, 0.1 uF, 1000 V029-0012-1 Micro-Type Switch, BD-10AS Models035-0001-1 Bridge w/Posts, Ratchet Spring, Adjusting Screw(Top Assembly)035-0003-1 Top Spring Rivet Contact Assembly035-0007-1 Armature Assembly035-0011-1 Adjusting Screw Assembly040-0030-1 Bridge Yoke & Bushing044-0003-1 Top Housing, Cone, Models BD-10A, BD-10AS044-0004-1 Bottom Housing, Model BD-10A044-0005-1 Adjusting Knob044-0017-1 Cord Clamp044-0018-1 Bottom Housing, Model BD-10AS044-0027-1 Molded Switch Base, BD-10AS Models044-0028-1 Molded Button, BD-10AS Models044-3007-1 Molded Spool Core, BD-10A Models044-3031-1 Molded Spool Core, BD-10AS Models045-0003-1 Electrode Socket049-0025-1 Nut Driver, 5/16 in.049-0026-1 Wrench, Small, 3/16 in.050-0037-1 Tungsten Screw Contact051-0001-1 Teflon-Type Spacer, Electrode Tip060-0002-1 Line Cord Set, 3 Conductor, 115 V060-000X-1 Line Cord Set, 3 Conductor, 230 V, Specify Type070-0004-1 Carton, Packing, with Inserts083-0001-1 Housing, Bakelite, Complete, BD-10A Models083-0011-1 Housing, Bakelite, Complete, BD-10AS Models。

控制开关周期的高压电容电压无反馈维持方法

控制开关周期的高压电容电压无反馈维持方法

控制开关周期的高压电容电压无反馈维持方法苏锋;康兴国;郑松【摘要】针对引信电子安全系统在充电升压过程中反馈回路失效有可能造成过充的问题,提出了电子安全系统控制动态开关周期的高压电容电压无反馈维持方法.该方法需要在高压维持开始时刻,通过反馈电路采集得到不同环境下漏电流参数,由此算出高压电容电压维持的动态开关控制周期,然后断开反馈电路,在无反馈条件下维持电压稳定.试验验证结果表明,该方法的使用能够排除高压反馈失效的影响,高压充电时通过动态开关合适的开关周期将高压电容上的电压维持在允许范围内,且电路工作可靠.%Over charge occured in electronic safety and arming system (ESA) ,which attributed to the feedback loop failure in the process of charging ?boost?voltage had been paid long attention in this field .In response to this issue ,the period of dynamic?switch controlled by ESA lead to non-response maintained voltage in high-voltage capacitor was proposed .At the beginning of the high-voltage maintaining time ,leak current data collect-ed by reactive circuit at different environment could calculate dynamic ?switch controlled period maintained by voltage of high-voltage capacitor ,then disconnected the reactive circuit ,the voltage could maintain stable under the condition of no feedback .The experiment showed that the measure could eliminate the affect of high-voltage feedback failure ,the voltage of high-voltage capacitor could be maintained within an allowable range by the ap-propriate switch cycle of dynamic?switch at the high voltage charging time .【期刊名称】《探测与控制学报》【年(卷),期】2016(038)003【总页数】4页(P13-16)【关键词】引信;电子安全系统;高压电容;脉冲变压器【作者】苏锋;康兴国;郑松【作者单位】机电动态控制重点实验室 ,陕西西安710065;机电动态控制重点实验室 ,陕西西安710065;机电动态控制重点实验室 ,陕西西安710065【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TJ43采用直列式爆炸序列的引信电子安全系统,由接口电路、控制器、两个静态开关和一个动态开关、高压转换电路等组成[1]。

EFT测试概述

EFT测试概述
直流电源输出和输入端口：
➢ E1-E4 峰值电压0.5KV ➢ E5 峰值电压2KV
交流电源输出和输入端口：
➢ E1-E3 峰值电压1KV ➢ E4峰值电压0.5KV ➢ E5峰值电压2KV
功能地：
➢ E1-E4 峰值电压0.5KV ➢ E5 峰值电压2KV,
以上所有测试等级的Tr/Th:5ns/50ns,重复频率为5KHz
EFT试验是根据基础标准EN61000-4-4的要求进行， 并且试验是在正负极性各2分钟。其限值如下：
1.信号端口和控制线端口
2.直流电源输入及输出端口 3.交流电源输入及输出端口
EN55020:2002对EFT要求 4.5
EN55020:2002是声音和电视广播接收机及相关 设备的抗扰度要求。
EN55024：1998对EFT的要求 4.2.2
1.本标准的EFT测试方法按基础标准中规定执行，但其中对现场测量的实验 布置不适用于ITE设备。
2.应该按照基础标准规定的方法并结合以下修改和说明进行试验： ----如果设备有多个端口时，只对一个端口进行试验。 ----多芯电缆，如50芯的电信电缆，应当作单根电缆进行试验，而不需要分开 单独测试。 ----电缆长度超过制造厂规定的预期长度3M时，不需要进行测试。
试验目的及要点
EFT试验的主要目的是验证电气和电子设备 对诸如来自切换瞬态过程（比如切断感性 负载，继电器触点的弹跳等）的各种类型 瞬变骚扰的抗扰能力。
其主要点是高幅值，短上升时间，高重复 率及低能量。
脉冲群发生器的电路简图
电快速瞬变脉冲群概略图
EN55014.2-1997对的EFT要求
EN55014.2-1997是家用电器，电动工具及类似设 备的抗扰度标准。

信号发生器中英文翻译_学位论文

信号发生器中英文翻译_学位论文

毕业设计(论文)外文资料翻译系别：电子信息系专业：通信工程班级：B090310姓名：王海涛学号：B09031018外文出处：annul reviews附件： 1.原文； 2.译文2013年06月Signal generatorSignal generator is refers to produce the parameters of electric testing signal equipment. According to the signal waveform, the function can be divided into sine signal (waveform) signal, pulse signal and random signal generator and so on four categories. Signal generator also called source or oscillator, in production practice and science and technology has been widely used in the field. Various waveform curve can be represented with trigonometric function equation. Can produce various waveform, such as triangle wave, sawtooth wave, rectangle wave (including square wave), sine wave of the circuit is called a function signal generator.Also known as the signal generator, which is used to produce specific parameters required for the circuit being measured electric testing signal. In testing, research, or adjust the electronic circuits and devices, measurement circuit of some electric parameters, such as measuring the frequency response, noise coefficient, for voltmeter, etc, are required to conform to the conditions set by the technology of electrical signals, to simulate a used in the actual work of excitation signal of the device under test. When the requirement of system steady state characteristics of the measurement, need to use sine signal source of known amplitude and frequency. When the transient characteristics of the testing system, and to use front time, pulse width and repetition period known rectangular pulse source. And the parameters of the signal source output signal, such as frequency, waveform, the output voltage, or power, can under certain ?Working principle of the signal generatorSignal generator is used to produce frequency of 20 hz ~ 200 KHZ sine signal (low frequency). Besides has the voltage output, and power output. So the usage is very wide, can be used for testing or repair a variety of electronic instruments and equipment in the frequency characteristic of the low frequency amplifier, gain, passband, also can be used for outer modulation signal of high frequency signal generator. In addition, electronic voltmeter in calibration, it can provide ac voltage signal. Low-frequency signal generator: the principle of the system including the main vibration level, the main vibration output adjustment potentiometer, voltage amplifier, attenuator, power amplifier and output impedance converter (output transformer) and instructs the voltmeter.Main vibration level low frequency sinusoidal oscillation signals, the voltage amplifier amplification, to achieve the requirement of the output voltage amplitude, the attenuator can be directly output voltage output, with the main vibration output adjustment potentiometer to adjust the size of the output voltage.Signal generator is introducedSine signal generator: sine signal is mainly used in the measuring circuit and frequency characteristic of the system, the nonlinear distortion, gain and sensitivity, etc. According to the frequency range can be divided into low-frequency signal generator, high-frequency signal generator and the microwave signal generator; According to the output level can be adjusted the scope and degree of stability can be divided into simple signal generator (signal) and standard signal generator (attenuation to the output power can be accurately - 100 decibels below milliwatts) and power signal generator (output power up to tens of milliwatts); Way frequency change into tuner type signal generator, frequency sweep signal generator, program-controlled signal generator and frequency synthesis type signal generator, etc.Low frequency signal generator: this includes audio (200 ~ 20000 hz) and video (1 hz ~ 10 MHz) range of sine wave generator. Main vibration level generally use RC oscillator, difference frequency oscillator is also available. For ease of testing system frequency characteristic and asked for peace amplitude-frequency characteristic waveform distortion.High frequency signal generator, frequency of 100 KHZ to 30 MHZ frequency, VHF signal generator of 30 ~ 300 MHZ. General use LC tuned oscillator, frequency can be read by tuning capacitor dial scale. Main purpose is to measure all the receiver technology indicators. Output signal is available internally or with the low-frequency sine amplitude modulation or frequency modulation signal, the output frequency voltage can decay to microvolt under 1.The output signal level can accurate readings, adjustable amplitude or frequency can also be used for electricity meter reading. In addition, the instrument and to prevent leakage signal of good shielding.Standard signal generatorMicrowave signal generator: from decimeter wave to millimeter wave band of the signal generator. Signal is usually by uhf triode with distribution parameters of the resonator and the reflex klystron, but has gradually be microwave transistor, field effect tube and gunn diode solid-state devices to replace the trend. Instrumentsgenerally rely on mechanical tuning cavity to change frequency, each covering one octave, signal power is general by cavity coupling can be up to 10 milliwatts. Simple signal source requires only can add 1000 HeFang wave amplitude modulation, while standard signal generator will output a benchmark level adjustment to one milliwatt, again from the back with the attenuator db milliwatts of the readout signal value; Must also have internal or with rectangular pulse amplitude modulation, in order to test the radar receiver.Frequency sweep and program-controlled signal generator, frequency sweep signal generator can produce constant amplitude, frequency, in limited within the scope of linear change signal. In hf and VHF frequency scanning voltage or current control oscillation circuit components (such as a varactor tube or core coil) to implement the frequency sweep oscillator; In microwave paragraph early use voltage tuning frequency sweep, use change the backward wave pipe spiral electrode of the dc voltage to change the oscillation frequency, then widely used magnetic tuning frequency sweep, YIG ferrite ball for microwave solid oscillator tuning circuit, by scanning current control dc magnetic field changes the resonance frequency of the ball. Frequency sweep signal generator with automatic sweep, hand control, process control and remote control, etc.Frequency synthesis type signal generator: this signal generator is not produced by the oscillator directly, but rather serve as standard frequency source with high stability crystal oscillator, frequency synthesis technology is used to form the arbitrary frequency of the signal, is the same as the standard frequency source frequency accuracy and stability. Output signal frequency according to decimal Numbers often go, highest can reach 11 digital high resolution. Frequency except by manual selection can also be programmed control and remote control, also can be carried out step magnitude frequency sweep, is suitable for automatic test system. Direct frequency synthesizer by addition, multiplication, crystal oscillator, filter and amplification circuit, frequency transformation rapidly but complicated circuits, high output frequency can reach around 1000 MHZ. Use morer indirect frequency .Function generator, also called waveform generator. It can produce certain cyclical time function waveform (mainly sine wave, square wave, triangle wave, sawtooth wave and pulse wave, etc.). Frequency range can be from a few hz JiWei hz ultra-low frequency until even tens of megahertz. Except for communications, instrumentation and automatic control system test, also widely used in othernon-electric measurement field. One method of figure 2 to generate the waveform, the integral circuit and a certain threshold switching circuit with hysteresis characteristics, such as Schmitt trigger is connected into a loop, integrator can square integral into triangle wave. Schmitt circuit and can make a triangle wave rises to a certain threshold or fall into another threshold jump to form a square wave, frequency division can along with the integrator of the RC value of the variable .Pulse signal generator: width, amplitude and repetition frequency adjustable rectangular pulse generator, can be used to test the transient response of linear systems, or use the analog signal to test the radar, road and other performance of the pulse number system. Pulse generator is mainly composed of master oscillator, delay, pulse forming stage, output stage and attenuator etc. Master oscillator circuit for harmonic oscillator, usually in addition to outside the self-excited oscillation, the main work according to the trigger mode. Usually after additional trigger signal output a front-facing first trigger pulse, in order to trigger the oscilloscope observation instrument, in advance and then after a period of delay time is adjustable to output the signal pulse, the width can be adjusted. Some can output pairs of main pulse, ?Random signal generator: random noise signal generator and the pseudo random signal generator can be divided into two kinds of signal generator.Noise signal generator: completely random signal is within the working frequency band with uniform white noise spectrum. Commonly used white noise generator are: working at 1000 MHz saturated diode type of coaxial system under white noise generator; Microwave gas discharge tube waveguide system used in white noise generator; Using the noise of the crystal diode reverse current solid-state (can work under 18 GHz) across the spectrum, etc. The intensity of the noise generator output must be known, usually with the output noise power over the resistor thermal noise decibels (referred to as the s/n ratio) or by their noise temperature. With white noise as input signals, for example, and measure the output of the network signal and the input signal of the cross-correlation function, you can get the impulse response function of the networkSignal generator applicationsSignal generator also called source or oscillator, in production practice and science and technology has been widely used in the field. Various waveform curve can be represented with trigonometric function equation. Can produce various waveform, such as triangle wave, sawtooth wave, rectangle wave (including squarewave), sine wave of the circuit is called a function signal generator.Function signal generator in circuit experiment and test equipment has the very wide range of USES. In communications, broadcasting and television system, for example, require rf (radio frequency), the radio frequency wave is the carrier, the audio frequency (low frequency), to carry out or pulse signal, video signal needs to be able to produce high-frequency oscillator.In industry, agriculture, biomedical and other fields, such as the high frequency induction heating, melting, quenching, ultrasonic diagnosis, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging, etc., all need power or big or small, frequency or high or low of the oscillator.信号发生器信号发生器是指产生所需参数的电测试信号的仪器。

通信常见英语词汇完整版

通信常见英语词汇完整版

1.WLAN--Wireless Local Area Network, 中文名叫 : 无线局域网2.WiFi--Wireless Fidelity ，是一种无线联网的技术（俗称：无线宽带）3.DT--Drive Test ，路测，是无线网络优化数据采集的方法。

4.CQT--Call Quality Test ，呼叫质量测试或定点网络质量测试5.GPS--Global Positioning System （全球定位系统）的简称6.KPI--Key Performance indicator 关键性能指标7.SIM 卡 --Subscriber Identification Module 用户身份鉴别模件8.FTTH--Fiber To The Home 光纤到户9.Channel-- 海峡 , 频道 , 通道，通信中指信息传输的通道（信道）10.Frequency-- 频率，通信中特指无线信号的频率11.Mobile station-- 移动的设备，移动台，特指手机12.Base station-- 基站，用于接收和发送手机信号13.Short message-- 短消息，短信munication-- 通信work-- 网络16.Mobile community-- 移动通信17.4G--G 是 generation （一代）的简称，特指第四代移动通信技术18.Protocol-- 协议，网络之间互联遵循的规范Online-- 在线的，名词可指网游Online banking-- 网上银行Wireless-- 无线，通信领域范畴指的是无线电或无线电波 Broadcast-- 广播 Cell-- 细胞；电池；蜂房的巢室；单人小室。

移动通信网络中 特指小区（基站信号覆盖的范围） Satellite Communication-- 卫星通信 China Mobile-- 中国移动 China Telecom-- 中国电信 China Unicom-- 中国联通 Opted fiber-- 光纤 Cable-- 电缆 Management--管理 DC--direct current ，直流电AC--alternating current ，交流电DT--Drive Test ，无线网络路测CQT--Call Quality Test ，呼叫质量测试（通信里常称为拨打测试） Acceptance of work-- 工程验收 Project startup -- 工程启动19. 20. 21. 22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.31. 32. 33. 34. 35.36.37.38.Preliminary inspection-- 初验Construction quality-- 工程质量39.Project accounting-- 项目核算40.Engineering supervision-- 工程督导41.Project manager-- 项目经理42.Project engineer-- 项目工程师43.Project completion-- 项目竣工44.Unpacking inspection-- 开箱验货45.Time limit for a project-- 工期46.抽样量化与编码:sampling,quantizing and coding47.话路:speech channel 幅值: amplitude value48.抽样频率: sampling frequency49.抽样速率: sampling rate 脉冲流: stream of pulses50.重复率: repetition rate 编码过程: coding process51.模拟信号: analog signal52.传输质量: transmission quality53.数字通信: digital communication54.数字传输: digital transmission55.含噪声的环境: noisy environment56.传输路由: transmission path57 信噪比:signal-to-noise ratio58. 信号电平:signal levels 噪声功率: noise power59 地面系统: terrestrial system60. 二进制传输: binary transmission61. 反向操作: reverse operation62.8- 位码序列: 8-digit sequence63. 接受端: receiving terminal 帧格式:frame format64. 同步字:synchronization word65. 串行接口serial interface 显示终端CRT terminal 发送器与接收器transmitter and receiver 数据传输data transmission 数据流data stream 闲置状态the idle state 传号电平mark level 空号电位space level 起始位start bit 停止位stop bitT 秒的持续时间duration of T seconds 奇偶校检位parity bit 错误标志error flag 传输错误transmission error 下降沿fallinf edge 符号间的空格intersymbol space 接收机的定时receiver timing 本地时钟local clock 磁带magnetic tape 控制比特control bit 逻辑 1 电平logical 1 level 二进制数据binary data 通信卫星communication satellite 微波设备microwave facilities 调制器与解调器modulator and demodulator 缓冲器buffer 定时信号timing signals 同步脉冲synchronization pulses 时隙time slot 移位寄存器shift register 传输媒体transmission medium 线形衰弱linear attenuation 信息安全information security 键盘keyboard 数据终端data terminals 网络资源：network resource 信息服务：information services 远程终端：remoteterminals 互联的系统：interconnected systems 命令：command电子邮件：electronic mail主机：host无线信道：wireless channels搜索工具：searching tools用户界面：user interface存取：access文本信息：textual messages协议：protocol超文本协议：hypertext protocol分布在全世界的计算机的巨大网络：gaint network of computers located all over world主干系统：backbone system全国范围的网络：nationwild network 电子会议：electronic conferences 实时对话：live conversationthe最大的信息库the largest repository of the computers on the net 网络设备资源：network facilities resources 在网上的绝大多数计算机：the vast majority of the computer on the net UNIX 操作系统：the UNIX operating system在因特网和你的PC 机之间传送数据的方法： a way to move data between the and yourPC方便的搜索工具：the convenient searching tools联网的超文本协议：the network hypertextprotocol光纤通信:optical fiber communications光源：light source 波长：wavelength 激光器：laser色散：dispersion传输介质：transmission medium多模光纤：multi-mode fiber长途干线：long-houl trunks单模光纤：singer-mode fiber带宽：bandwidth带宽用户：wideband subscriber纤维光学：fiber-optics商用技术：commercial technologe门限电流：threshod current光检测器：photodetector波分复用：wavelength multiplexing 纤维光网络：fiber-optic network 视频带宽：video bandwidth长途传输：long distance transmission中继距离：repeater spacing 已装光纤的总长度：the total length of installed fiber 长途通信系统：long-haul telecommunication system 低衰减的石英纤维：the low-loss silica fiber波分复用：wavelength multiplexing带宽用户环路系统：widebend subscriber loop system多纤连接器：multifibre connectors设计寿命：projected lifetime光源：light source单模光纤：single-mode fibre分布反馈式激光器：distributed-feedback laser信息容量：information capacity交换体系：switching hierarchy带宽业务：broadband services公用电信网public telecommunication network 本地环路local loop交换节点switching nodeinternettwisted pair external call end office 二线连接two wire connection 收费中心toll center 电路交换网 circuit-switching network 电话用户telephone subscriber 数据流量data traffic 链路link 中继线trunk 半双工的half-duplex 全双工的 full-duplex中间交换节点 intermediate switchingnode音频电路 voice-frequency circuit汇接交换机 tandem switch 拓扑 topology多媒体 multimedia交互环境 interactive enviornment视频压缩 video compressin高清晰度电视 high definition television数字信号处理器 digital signal processor点播业务 on-demand services视频服务器 video servers 全球通信 global communications灵活性 flexibility端到端的数字连接 end-to-end digitalconnectivity 开放网络 open network语声编码 voice encoding综合业务数字网 integrated servicesdigital network 系统结构 infrastructure国际标准化组织 International Organization forStandardizati on 通信载体 communication carriers传输媒体 transmission medium接口设备 interface equipment带宽限制 bandwidth limitation交换设备 switching equipment语音编码 voice encoding脉码调制 pulse code modulation基本接入 basic accessX.25 协议 X.25 protocol电视信号television signals 宽带业务narrowband services 基本接入 basic access数字数据系统 digital data systems 双绞线外部呼叫 端局teleservicetelexradio waves ground antenna coaxial直接广播系统 direct broadcast systemend-to-end delayjitter peak hourschip technologyhigh definition television operations and maintenance硬件、软件和应用 hardware,software and applications 存储 storage彩显 colour moniter 全活动图象 full motion picture 视频编码器 vision encoder 字节 byteand applications 硬件、软件和应用层 interactive environment 交互环境personal desk top computers video compression 视频压缩 the visionencoder 视频编码器 video-on-demand interactive multimediaenviroment 多媒体环境 visualimages 视频图象 hard disk storage 硬盘存储 colour monitor 彩显the standards of multimedia 多媒体标准motion pictures 活动图象consumer quality of video and audio 顾客质量的视频和音频 broadcast images 广播图象high definition television 高清晰度电视coding algorithms 编码算法digital signals processor 数字信号处理器 现有的公用网络 the existing public network 电信业务 用户电报 无线电波 地面天线 同轴的端到端的时延 抖动 繁忙小时 芯片技术 高清晰度电视 运行也维护 mixture of hardware,software个人桌面电脑services 交互式视频点播业务。

实用航空电子词汇

实用航空电子词汇
ESDS electrostatic discharge sensitive (device)静电放电敏感组件
EXP expand扩展
exclusive-OR-gate异或门
extract获得
FAA federal aviation administration美国联邦航空局
fin翼安定面
FANS future air navigation system新航行系统
GREY CODE格雷码
GPS global positioning system全球定位系统
guidance引导制导
isotropic全向的
guide引导
gust阵风
gyro陀螺
gyroscope陀螺仪
half-duplex半双工
harmonic谐波
HDNG heading航向
heading航向
heliport螺旋线圈电位计
MTI moving target indicator动目标显示器
Nonlinear非线形
NCD no computed data无计算数据
NOR gate或非们
NM nautical mile海里
offscale刻度表
omnidirectional全向的
optimum最佳的
opt选择
OR gate或门
climb-out改平
CMOS complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor互补金属氧化物半导体
climb爬升
collide碰撞
clock时钟
CNS communication navigation and surveilance通讯导航与监视
closure rate接近率

通信英语英文对照

通信英语英文对照

Uint1抽样量化和编码：sampling quantizing and coding话路：speech channel幅值：amplitude value抽样频率：sampling frequency抽样速率：sampling speed rate脉冲流：stream of pulses重复率： repetition rate编码过程：coding processs模拟信号：analog signal传输质量transmission quality数字通信digital communication数字传输digital transmission含噪声的环境noisy environment传输路由transmission path信号比signal-to-noise ratio信号电平signal levels地面系统terrestrial system噪声功率noise power二进制传输binary transmission反向操作reverse operation8位码序列8-digit sequence接收端receiving terminal帧格式frame format同步字synchronization wordthe schemes for performing these three function 实现这三项功能的方案a series of amplitude values 一串幅值a speech channel of telephone quality 电话质量的话路a sequence of 8-binary digits 一个8位二进制码的序列a minimum theoretical sampling frequency 理论上的最小抽样频率a voice channel occupying the range 300Hz to 3.4KHz 占据着300Hz到3.4KHz 频率范围的话路8-digits per sample value 每个样值8位码the sparking of a car ignition system 汽车点火系统的大火the stream of the pulsese with a repetition rate of 64KHz 重复率为64KHz的脉冲the relationship of the true signal to the noise signal 真实信号与噪声信号的关系the signal received from a satellite 由卫星上收到的信号the complete information about a particular message 一条特定消息的全部信息the shape of the transmitted signal 被传信号的波形the attenuation introduced by transmission path 由传输路由引入的衰减the unit that converts sampled amplitude value to a set of pulses 将抽样的幅值转换成一串脉冲的单元a sequence relating to channel 1，2 and son on涉及到第一路、第二路及其他各路的序列a unique sequence of pulses called synchronizationword 被称为同步字的独特的码序列terrestrial system 地面系统the presence or absence of the pulse 脉冲的“有”或“无”a high-speed electronic switch 高速的电子开关the time division multiplexer 时分多路复用器Time Division Multiplexing 时分多路复用Unit2串行接口 serial interface显示终端 CRT terminal发送器与接收器 transmitter and receiver数据传输 data transmission数据流 data stream闲置状态the idle state传号电平 mark level空号电平 space level起始位start bit停止位stop bitT秒的持续时间duration of T seconds奇偶校验位parity bit错误标志error flag传输错误transmission error下降沿falling edge符号间的空格 intersymbol space接收机的定时 receiver timing本地时钟local clock磁带 magnetic tape控制比特 control bit逻辑1电平logical 1 level二进制数据binary data明显的缺点obvious disadvantageasynchronous serial data transmission 异步串行数据传输The most popular serial interface 最为流行的串行接口The transmitted data 所传送的数据The clocks at the transmitter and receiver发送器和接收器的时钟The era of teleprinter电传机的时代The dots and dashes of a character一个字符的点和划Three times the duration of intersymbol space符号间空格持续时间的三倍The group of bits called characters 被称为字符的比特组The invariable units comprising 7 or 8 bits ofinformation由7或8个比特的信息组成的固定单元A clock generated locally by the receiver 由接收机本地产生的时钟The received parity bit following the character 在字符后所收到的奇偶校验位The falling edge of the start bit 起始位的下降沿The character-oriented nature of the data link 数据链路面向字符的特性Uint3联网技术 networking technology国际标准化组织 international Organization forStandardization (ISO)参考模型 reference model数据分组 packet data应用程序 application program网络媒体 network media分层 called layering硬件和软件 hardware and software表示层 the presentation layer传输层 the transport layer数据链路层 the data link layer网络服务 network services文件接入 file access数据格式 data format主机 host协议 protocol连接 connectivity逻辑地址 logical addressingNetworking technology 联网技术Proprietary networking system 专用联网系统The international Organization for Standardization国际标准规划组织Compatibility between the various type of networks各种网络之间的兼容性Seven numbered layers 七层协议Standardization of network components 网络部件的标准化Error recovery 纠错Receiving host’s system 发方主机系统Connection-oriented circuits 面向连接的电路Information flow control 信息流控制Network media access 网络媒体接入Electrical specification 电气特性Maximum transmission distance 最大传输距离Uint 4传输控制协议transmission control protocol互联协议Internet protocol数据通信data communication微波microwave高层协议higher-level protocol流量控制traffic control目的地destination（信）源resource段segment互联层Internet layer分组交换packet switching超文本传输协议hypertext transfer protocol灵活性flexibility数据报datagramtransmission control protocol传输控制协议Internet protocol互联协议satellite links卫星链路the Standard On which the internet has grown互联网发展所基于的标准Network access layer网络接人层connection－oriented protocol面向连接的协议file transfer protocol文件传输协议hypertext transfer protocol超文本传输协议domain name system域名系统developer of software软件开发人user datagram protocol用户数据报协议packet -switched technology分组交换技术Unit 5局域网local area network工作站workstation外设peripheral拓扑topology集线器hub交换器switch流量traffic网络接口卡network interface card数据库database印刷电路板printed circuit board主板motherboard网络适配器network adaptor并行数据parallel data电脉冲electrical impulses中继器repeater联网介质networking medialocal-area network局域网logical topology逻辑拓扑devices that connect directly to a network segment 直接连到网络段的部件network interface card网络接口卡process of the encapsulation打包的过程standardized symbol标准化的符号printed circuit board印刷电路板expansion slot of a bus on a computer’s motherboard 在计算机母板上总线的扩展槽network adapter网络适配器parallel signal produced by the computer由计算机产生的并行信号transmltting station发送站the specifications for Category 5 twisted-pair Ethernet五类双绞线以太网的规范Unit 6无源集线器passive hub网桥 bridge可用带宽 useable handwidth地址表addressing table交换器 switch路由器 router光纤optical fiber无线介质wireless media铜线copper wirethe device that serves as the center of network作为网络中心的部件multi-port repeater多端口中继器reliability of the network网络的可靠性passive or active hubs无源或有源的集线器protocol address or network address地址或网络地址network administrator网络管理者switching of packets to the best route交换分组到最佳路由network segment网络段Unit 7网络资源network resource信息服务information services远程终端remote terminals地址address互连的系统 interconnected systems命令 command电子邮件electronic mail主机Host无线信道wireless channels搜索工具popup用户界面user interface拷贝copy'互连网popup存取access文本信息textual messages鼠标mouse协议protocol超文本协议hypertext protocolgiant network of computers located all over theworld分布在全世界的计算机的巨大网络backbone system主干系统nationwide network全国范围的网络electronic conferences电子会议remote terminal远程终端live conversation实时的对话world wide web万维网searching tool搜寻工具the largest repository of information 最大的信息库network facilities resources网络设备资源the vast majority of the computers on the net在网上的绝大多数计算机the Unix operating system UNIX操作系统textual message文本信息sa way to move data between the internet and your PC在因特网和你的PC机之间传送数据的方法the convenient searching tools方便的搜索工具the networked hypertext protocol 联网的超文本协议Unit 8optical fiber communications 光纤通信light source 光源wavelength 波长laser 激光器dispersion 色散transmission medium传输介质multi-mode fiber 多模光纤long-haul trunks 长途干线single-mode fiber 单模光纤bandwidth 带宽wideband subscriber 宽带用户fiber-optics 纤维光学commercial technology 商用技术threshold current 门限电流photodetector 光检测器wavelength multiplexing 波分复用fiber-optic networks 纤维光网络video bandwidth 视频带宽长途传输 long distance transmission中继距离. repeater spacing商用技术 . commercial technology<光纤通信 . optical fibre communications已装光纤的总长度 . the total length of installedfibre长途通信系统 long-haul telecommunication system低衰减的石英纤维 the low-loss silica fibre衰减逼近瑞利极限的光纤fibers with lossesapproaching the Rayleigh limit室温下的门限电流 . room temperature thresholdcurrents较长波长区the longer wavelength region用户接入工程. subscriber access project部件性能和可靠性的改进improvements in componentperformance and reliability<已安装的光纤系统的数据速率data rates forinstalled fibre optic system每秒吉比特gigabit per second range波分复用. wavelength multiplexing宽带用户环路系统. wideband subscriber loop system多纤连接器. multifibre connectors设计寿命 . projected lifetime光源. light source单模光纤. single-mode fibre分布反馈式激光器 distributed-feedback laser信息容量 information capacity交换体系. switching hierarchy宽带业务 .broadband servicesUnit 9cellular mobile telephone 蜂窝式移动电话service perfor mance 服务性能frequency band 频带microprocessor 微处理器mobile unit 移动手机broadcast service广播业务antenna 天线subsystems 子系统mobile subscriber 移动用户service capability 服务能力untiliaztion 利用率bandwidth 带宽single-sideband 单边带spread spectrum 扩频large scale integrated circuits 大规模集成电路cellular site 蜂窝点cellular switch 蜂窝交换机radio cabinet 无线机架call processing 呼叫处理service area 服务区frequency spectrum untiliaztion 频谱利用率the limited assigned frequency band 有限的指定频带complicated features and functions 复杂的特性和功能large-scale integrated circuit technology 大规模集成电路技术developmental cellular system 实验性的蜂窝系统central coordinating element 中央协调单元cellular administration 蜂窝管理operational limitation of conventional mobile telephone system 传统移动电话的运行限制limited service capability 有限的服务能力radio communication industry 无线通行行业available radio frequency spectrum 可用的无线电频谱the allocated frequency band 所分配的频带mobile transceiver 移动收发器technological feasibility 技术上的可行性servere spectrum limitation 严厉的频谱限制FM broadcasting service 调频广播业务propagation path loss 传播路径衰耗multipath fading 多路径衰耗telephone company zone officee 电话公司地方局unit 10personal communications 个人通信communication standards 通信标准fixed telephone service 固定电话业务network capacity 网络容量mobile switching center 移动交换中心international roaming 国际漫游broadband services 宽带业务interface converseon 接口转换frequency allocation 频谱分配analogue mode 模拟方式cellular communication principle 蜂窝通信原理jamming 拥塞cell splitting 蜂窝裂变base station 基站register 寄存器billing function 收费功能access method 接入方法burst transmission mode 突发脉冲传输方式overhead information 开销信息handover algorithms 切换算法short message sevice 短消息服务technical specification 技术规范total acess communication system 全接入的通信系统global mobile communication system 全球移动通信系统time division multiple acess 时分多址facsimile and short message service 传真和短消息服务fixed communicateon networks 固定通信网络a more personalized system 更个人化的系统the cost and quality of the link 链路的价格与质量marker growth 市场的发展coaxial cable 同轴电缆frequency reuse and cll splitting 频率再生和蜂窝裂变cochannel interference 共信道干扰theroretical spectral capability 理论上的频谱容量micro-cellular system 微蜂窝系统base station transceiver 基站收发器subscriber register 用户寄存器advanced handover algorithms 先进的切换算法the GSM technicall specifications GSM的技术规范unit 11circuit switching 电路交换packet switching 分组交换message switching 报文交换subnet 子网header 信头destination address 目的地error control误差控制store-and-forward manner 存储转发方式bursty 突发性transmission delay 传输时延intermediate switching equipment 中间交换设备switching technique 交换技术return signal 返回信号message processor 报文处理机given maximum length 给定最大长度information transfer 信息转移random 随机性dedicated circuit 专用电路channel utilization 电路利用率the capability of storing and manipulating user’sdata 存储和处理用户的能力the special signaling message 特定的信令信息a well defined block of data called a message 被精心定义的称为报文的数据块the information regarding the source anddestination addersses 涉及源和目的地址的信息the computer referred to as a message processor 叫做报文处理器的计算机the store-and-forward transmission technique 存储转发传输技术the dynamic allocation of the bandwidth 带宽的动态分配the overall transmission delay of the message报文整个的传输时延switching technique 交换技术total path of connected lines 连线的整个通路source-destination pair 源到目的地的一对communication parties 通信各方transmission unit 传输单元initial connection cost incurred in setting up thecircuit 在建立电路时产生的起初连接成本low delay constraint requited by the user 用户所需的短时延的限制the fixed dedicated end-to-end circuit 固定专用的端到端电路low channel utilization 低的电路利用率unit 12asynchronous transfer mode 异步转移模式logical channel 逻辑信道virtual circuits 虚电路virtual paths 虚路径recommendation 建议network level 网络层service and application level 业务和应用层virtual connection 虚连接information superhighway 信息高速公路vedio-on-demand 点播电视statistical multiplexing 统计复用digital information 数字化的信息identifier 标识符protocols 协议network node 网络节点broadband network 宽带网ATM forum ATM论坛future-proofed 面向未来的image encoding 图像编码virtual private network 虚拟专用网data processing 数据处理short packets called cells 被叫做信元的短的分组bit rates of several hundred megabits a second 每秒几百兆比特的速率unique multiplexing method 独特的复用方法the physical connection between any to terminals 任何两个终端之间的物理连接interactive video services 交互式的视频业务a nature vehicle for multimedia services 多媒体业务的自然载体the crrent and future requirements of both operators and users 运营者和用户当前和未来的要求the technique for switching high bit rate channel 高比特率信道的交换技术multiplexing and switching technique 复用和交换技术the underlying type of transmission 所承载的传输类型dual identification 双重标识the transfer of cells to the network nodes 信元在网络节点上的转移hundreds megabits a second 每秒几百兆比特recommendation I.121 I.121建议the quality of service 业务质量in proportion to the exact requirement 与实际需求成比例the application and service transported over a network 网络所传送的应用和业务the ability to construct virtual network 构成虚网络的能力cost-effiective use of infrastructure 低价高效的利用网络设施coordinating different networks carrying different services 协调传送不同业务的不同网络essential components of future information superhighways 未来的信息高速公路的基本部件optimum use of resource 资源的最佳使用unit 13public telecommunication network 公众电信网local loop 本地环路switching node 交换节点twisted pair 双绞线external call 外部呼叫end office 端局digital data system 数字数据系统two wire connection 二线连接toll center 收费中心circuit-switched network 电路交换网telephone subscriber 电话用户data traffic 数据流量link 链路trunk 中继线half-duplex 半双工full-duplex 全双工voice-frequency circuit 音频电路trandem switch 汇接交换机topology 拓扑internode 节点间的route 路由full-duplex connection 全双工的连接the function of concentrating traffic 集中话务量的功能the switching nodes called tandem seitches 被称为汇接局的交换节点a fraction of subscriber 一小部分用户the interface between the station and the network在站和网络之间的接口the subscriber that transmit digital signal 发送数字信号的用户national networks 国家网络architectural components 结构部件the branches between nodes 节点间的支路tree topology 树状拓扑transmission facilities 传输设备multiple voice-frequency circuit 多条音频电路synchronous TDM 同步时分复用adjacent end offices 相邻的端局full connectivity 全连通性isolated subnetworks 被分离的子网high usage trunks 高效中继线basic order of selection 路由选择的基本次序backbone hierarchical network 主干体系网络two subscribers attached to different end offices连接到不同端局的两个用户exchange area 交换区Unit 14global communications 全球通信flexibility 灵活性end-to-end digital connectivity 端到端的数字连接open network 开放网络voice encoding 语音编码integrated services digital network综合业务数字网infrastructure 系统结构International Organization for Standardization 国际标准化组织communication carriers 通信载体transmission medium 传输媒体interface equipment 接口设备bandwidth limitation 带宽限制switching equipment 交换设备pulse code modulation 脉冲调制basic access 基本接入degradation due to the transmission medium 由于传输媒体导致的质量下降bandwidth limitations inherent in a 4 kHz voicechannel 4 kHz 路中所固有的带宽限制standardized ports 标准化的接口pulse code modulation 脉冲编码调制digital communication 数字通信ISDN standards and system architecture ISDN的标准和系统结构progressive application of digital technology 数字技术的逐步应用public communication carriers 公共通信载体enhanced quality 高质量substantial quantity of interface equipment 大量的接口设备flexibility in the transmission ofvoice ,data ,video and other services 在传送话音、数据、视频和其他业务上的灵活性voice encoding techniques 语音编码技术pulse coding modulation脉冲编码调制basic access signaling rate 基本接入信令速率universal access 统一的接入experimental technology 实验性的技术unit 15X.25 protocol X.25 协议television signals 电视信号narrowband services 窄带业务basic access 基本接入teleservice 电信业务telex 用户电报radio waves 无线电波ground antenna 地面天线coaxial 同轴的direct broadcast system 直接广播系统end-to-end delay 端到端的时延jitter 抖动peak hours 繁忙小时chip technology 芯片技术high definition television 高清晰度电视operations and maintenance 运行与维护the existing public network 现有的公用网络classical two-way voice conversation 传统的双向对话packet switched data network based on X.25 protocols基于X.25协议的分组交换数据网络the user access to the network 对网络用户接入a circuit switched service with a channel rate of70 Mbit/s 信道速率为70 Mbit/s的电路交换业务the service-independent network 与业务无关的网络the optimal statistical sharing of the resources对资源的最佳统计共享telecommunication service 电信业务telex network 用户电报网messages of characters 文字报two-way voice conversation 双向对话X.21 protocols X.21协议coaxial tree network 同轴数状网络community antenna TV network 公用天线的电视网络direct broadcast system 直接广播系统Ethernet 以太网token bus and token ring network 令牌总线网和令牌环网word-wide independent networks 全球范围的独立网络resource pooling 资源共享peak hour traffic 繁忙小时流量integration of narrow-band services窄带业务的综合the progress in speech coding and chip technology 在语声编码和芯片技术方面的进步a new teleservice 新的电信业务adapting to new service requirements对新业务要求的适配optimal statistical sharing of the resources 资源最佳统计式的共享。

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Manuscript received October 9, 2014; accepted March 3, 2015. Date of publication March 25, 2015; date of current version May 6, 2015. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 51307161.
II. MAIN CIRCUIT AND THE WORK PRINCIPLE OF HVRFCPS
Among the number of charging power supplies, the series resonant main circuit is used widely [3]. This kind of power supply’s structure is simple, and it is charging rate and power density are higher than other power supplies. The main circuit of the HVRFCPS consists of three-phase ac power supply, three-phase contactor, three-phase rectifier, dc voltage source, full bridge inverter, resonant circuit, high-frequency high-voltage transformer, high-voltage rectifier diodes, load, and the discharging switch, just like the main circuit shown in Fig. 1. When the power supply is working, the three-phase contactor closed and the three-phase rectifier conversed the ac power supply to dc power supply which energy stored in the dc capacitance, then the dc voltage is converted to high-frequency square wave voltage by the high-frequency inverter. The series resonant circuit guarantees the devices’ soft switching of the inverter, and the transformer can boost the output voltage of the inverter. Then, the high dc voltage
Index Terms— Control system, digital signal processor (DSP), electromagnetic compatibility, high-voltage repetition-frequency charging power supply (HVRFCPS), pulsed laser.
Color versions of one or more of the figures in this paper are available online at .
Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/TPS.2015.2410299
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE, VOL. 43, NO. 5, MAY 2015
1387
High-Voltage Repetition-Frequency Charging Power SuppБайду номын сангаасy for Pulsed Laser
Kun Liu, Rongyao Fu, Yinghui Gao, Yaohong Sun, Member, IEEE, and Ping Yan, Member, IEEE
and other multiple functions. Therefore, the design of functional laser power supply is the key to studying laser.
In this paper, a high-voltage repetition-frequency charging power supply (HVRFCPS) used for pulsed laser is described, which uses the principle of series resonant and power electronic conversion. The main circuit of the HVRFCPS comprises the high-frequency inverter, series resonant circuit, high-voltage transformer, and diode rectifier; it is the basic circuit of the common high-frequency high-voltage charging power supply. The control system consists of a digital signal processor (DSP) and a computer software. In this control system, several special functions are realized, such as regulation of output voltage between 0 and 30 kV, regulation of repetition frequency between 1 and 100 Hz, control of power supply by a computer or by keyboard, and triggering of discharging switch of the power supply by an internal controller or by an external interface. To insure the safety of the operators and equipment of the laser system, multiple fault protective circuits are used in the HVRFCPS, such as over-voltage protection, over-current protection, over-time protection, and over-temperature protection. The optical fiber communication system is used to enhance the anti-interference ability of the HVRFCPS, and other designs of electromagnetic compatibility for the application of the HVRFCPS are described. Finally, the HVRFCPS has been used in the pulsed laser system, and good experimental results have been obtained.
The authors are with the Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, and also with the Key Laboratory of Power Electronics and Electric Drive, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China (e-mail: liukun@; furongyao@ ; gyh@; yhsun@; pingyan@ ).
I. INTRODUCTION
W ITH the development of science and technology, pulsed laser is being wildly used in industries, agriculture, medicine, and military [1]. The power supply of the pulsed laser is an important part of the laser system, because the power supply directly affects the laser conversion efficiency, output stability, volume of the whole system, and the life of the laser. The requirements of common laser power supply are basically good performance, small volume, light weight, high reliability, and good stability [2]. But for different applications of lasers, the special power supply is required to meet not only the above requirements but also requirements such as charging voltage adjustable, discharge frequency adjustable, human– computer interaction, remote control, extended application,
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