2019版高考英语一轮基础练习 Unit 5 Nelson Mandel-a modern hero(含解析)新人教版必修1

Unit 5 Nelson Mandel-a modern hero李仕才一、阅读理解。

Following the crowd may not always be in a person's best interest.But new research suggests that teens who get along with their friends may end up healthier as adults.Scientists have known that close friendships help boost health.That's true for both teens and adults.The finding inspired Joseph Allen，a psychologist at the University of Virginia，and his team to study whether experiences during teen years would influence adult health.So they followed 171 teens，starting when the kids were just 13.They interviewed each one every year for five years，and also spoke to these teens' closest friends，who provided additional information about the quality of their friendships.The same 171 people were interviewed again at ages 25,26 and 27.This time, the questions surveyed each person's overall health.When the researchers analyzed the data，they found a strong connection between a teen's behavior and adult health.Teens who had close friends grew up to be the healthier adults.Whether teens held back their feelings or expressed them to close friends also influenced later health.Those who held back their feelings were more likely to be sick as adults.The connection held up even after the scientists accounted for other possible influences on health.Weight，family income and drug use were all examined.So were mental health issues，such as anxiety and depression.And in these people，such other factors did not explain adult health as well as teen friendships did.Getting along with the crowd may have benefits，says Allen，but there are also drawbacks.Teens who are more independent tend to do better at school and work.And peer pressure may lead some kids to engage in risky behavior，such as smoking，drinking or using drugs.Dealing with it is an ongoing challenge，Allen acknowledges.“Finding the right balance is the key.Teens shouldn't lose heart for not finding this easy.”And，he adds，“Parents need to be understanding about the pressures teens face.”1．Where can you probably read this passage?A．Science fiction.B．Health column.C．Fashion magazine.D．Entertainment newspaper.2．We can learn from Allen's study that ________.A．many other factors have a greater influence on adult health than teen friendships B．mental health issues have nothing to do with adult healthC．the same 171 teens were interviewed each year from 13 to 27D．the teens who couldn't express themselves grew up to be unhealthy3．According to what Allen said，we can know that ________.A．in order to do better at school，teens should not follow the crowdB．though it's challenging for teens to deal with peer pressure，they should not give upC．teens will engage in smoking，drinking or using drugs when facing peer pressure D．parents should understand their teens and stop them going with friends 4．What can be inferred from the passage?A．There is nothing bad for teens to follow the crowd.B．Close friendships are the most important for people's health.C．Teen friendships may help teens become healthier adults.D．Adult health is only influenced by teen friendships.【解题导语】研究表明，与朋友较少或者没有朋友的青少年相比，有朋友的青少年在长大后更健康。

当然，与朋友相处也有坏处。

1．B 考查推理判断。

通读全文可知，本文主要介绍青少年时的友谊对青少年成年后健康的影响。

据此可知，本文属于健康知识类文章，故可判断，本文可能选自“健康专栏”，故B 项正确。

2．D 考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Whether teens held back...sick as adults”可知，青少年是否向他们的好朋友表达情感也会影响到其成年后的健康，那些压抑情感的青少年成年后很可能不健康。

故D项正确。

3．B 考查细节理解。

根据最后一段内容可知，与朋友相处使得青少年在成年后更加健康的同时也会带来不利影响，即周围同龄人带来的压力，这些压力会导致许多问题。

分析Allen 的话“Finding the right balance is the key.Teens shouldn't lose heart for not finding this easy”可以判断，青少年要应对这些压力，找到正确的平衡点是关键，不能因为很难找到平衡点就灰心丧气。

故选B。

4．C 考查推理判断。

根据文章第一段第二句“But new research suggests that teens who get along with their friends may end up healthier as adults”可知，与朋友相处的青少年在成年后会更加健康。

C项意为“青少年时期的友谊会帮助青少年成为更加健康的成年人”，符合文章意思，故C项正确。

根据最后一段第一句“Getting along with the crowd may have benefits，says Allen，b ut there are also drawbacks”可知，与朋友相处有好处，但是也有一定的缺点，故A项与文意不符；B项错在“the most”，D项错在“only”，都太过于绝对。

二、单句语法填空1．Now their peace talks have reached a key stage ________ one side must give in to the other.答案：where 当先行词是case, position, stage等抽象名词，且在从句中作状语，表示地点时，定语从句使用关系副词where来引导。

2．From my first job at the restaurant, I learned teamwork and ________ (devote)．答案：devotion 由teamwork and可知，此处填名词devotion “奉献；忠诚”，作宾语。

3．When an animal is ________ attack it can run away or fight back.答案：under under attack “受到攻击”。

4．She started singing to the baby and ________ (reward) with a smile.答案：was rewarded reward sb. with a smile “对某人报以微笑”，根据句意可知，此处应为被动语态。