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广东省普通高中2024年高中化学学业水平合格性模块过关检测试题1必修

广东省普通高中2024年高中化学学业水平合格性模块过关检测试题1必修

广东省一般中学2024年中学化学学业水平合格性模块过关检测试题1(必修)一、选择题(本大题共25小题,每小题2分,共50分。

在每小题列出的四个选项中,只有一项最符合题意)1.以下是一些常用的危急品标记,装运浓硫酸的车应贴的图标是( B )2.能用酒精灯干脆加热的仪器是( B )A.量筒B.坩埚C.试剂瓶D.容量瓶解析:能干脆加热的仪器有蒸发皿和坩埚,B正确。

3.吃牛肉等可以补铁,这里的“铁”应理解为( B )A.单质B.元素C.原子D.分子解析:我们平常说的补钙、补铁、补碘等都是补充相关的元素。

4.下列物质属于化合物的是( A )A.Na2OB.Cl2C.BD.N2解析:化合物是指由两种或两种以上的元素组成的纯净物(区分于单质),A是由氧和钠两种元素组成的化合物。

所以选A。

5.下列物质的检验、分别和提纯方法,不正确的是( D )A.用分液漏斗分别四氯化碳与水B.用硝酸银溶液检验自来水中的氯离子C.用溴水区分乙烯与甲烷D.用浓硫酸干燥NH3解析:NH3能跟浓硫酸反应,D不正确。

6.NaOH、Na2CO3、NaCl、Na2SO4可按某种标准划为一类物质,下列分类标准不正确的是( C )A.钠的化合物B.可溶于水C.可与硝酸反应D.都能够电离解析:NaOH、Na2CO3、NaCl、Na2SO4都属于钠的化合物,A正确;NaOH、Na2CO3、NaCl、Na2SO4都可溶于水,B正确;NaOH、Na2CO3可与HNO3反应,而NaCl、Na2SO4不能与HNO3反应,C不正确。

7.下列物质中氧元素的化合价错误的是( C )A.H2O中氧元素的化合价为-2B.O2中氧元素的化合价为0C.NaOH中氧元素的化合价为-1D.Na2O2中氧元素的化合价为-1解析:NaOH中氧元素的化合价为-2价,钠为+1价,氢为+1价。

8.下列成语隐含化学改变的是( C )A.冰封千里B.缘木求鱼C.水滴石穿D.山穷水尽解析:水滴石穿里面包含了碳酸钙在空气中二氧化碳和水作用下生成可溶性的碳酸氢钙的过程,有物理的也有化学的改变。

高中生物新教材必修一:模块检测试卷 (带答案)

高中生物新教材必修一:模块检测试卷 (带答案)

模块检测试卷(时间:90分钟满分:100分)一、选择题(本题包括25小题,每小题2分,共50分) 1.细胞是生命活动的基本单位。

下列事实不支持这一说法的是()A.人体的发育以细胞的增殖、分化为基础B.变形虫是单细胞生物,能够进行运动和捕食C.离体的线粒体在一定条件下产生ATPD.病毒需要寄生在活细胞中才能进行增殖2.下列关于生物体内脂质与糖类的叙述,正确的是()A.脂质与糖类的组成元素相同B.脂质与糖类可以大量相互转化C.淀粉和纤维素都是植物细胞中的储能物质D.相同质量的脂肪与糖原,脂肪含能量更多3.下列关于细胞中各种化合物的说法,错误的是()A.多糖、蛋白质、核酸等大分子物质构成细胞的重要成分B.糖类和脂质提供了生命活动的重要能源C.水和无机盐与其他物质共同构建细胞,参与细胞的生命活动D.细胞中各种化合物的含量和比例是固定不变的4.层粘连蛋白是由一条重链(α链)和两条轻链(β1、β2链)构成的高分子糖蛋白,作为细胞结构成分,含有多个结合位点并保持细胞间粘连及对细胞分化等都有作用,层粘连蛋白结构示意图如图。

若该蛋白由m个氨基酸构成,则下列有关说法不正确的是()A.该层粘连蛋白含有肽键数为m-3B.该蛋白在细胞识别中具有重要作用C.糖蛋白位于细胞膜的外表面D.该物质的合成只需要核糖体即可完成5.下列有关细胞膜的流动镶嵌模型的叙述,错误的是()A.细胞膜的流动镶嵌模型是由辛格和尼科尔森提出的B.胆固醇、维生素D等物质能优先通过细胞膜,这与细胞膜上的载体蛋白有关C.图中①是糖蛋白,位于细胞膜的外表面D.磷脂双分子层是细胞膜的基本支架,具有屏障作用6.下列对细胞基本结构的认识,正确的是()A.蛋白质在细胞膜行使功能方面起着重要作用B.细胞器都漂浮在液态的细胞质基质中C.细胞核是细胞代谢和遗传的中心D.各种生物膜的结构和功能差异很大7.下列关于细胞膜流动镶嵌模型的叙述错误的是()A.蛋白质分子以镶、嵌入、贯穿的方式存在于磷脂双分子层中B.细胞膜的流动性强弱是不变的,即使温度发生变化C.胞吞、胞吐、质壁分离及复原的过程都能体现细胞膜具有流动性D.流动镶嵌模型中,细胞膜两侧的蛋白质并非均匀分布8.如图是植物细胞部分结构的生物膜示意图,下列说法不正确的是()A.①所在的细胞结构与植物光合作用有关B.②所在的细胞结构中不可能含有色素C.③的内膜向内折叠可以增大酶的附着位点D.④的外膜可以与内质网膜直接相连9.下列关于细胞核的叙述,错误的是()A.衰老细胞中细胞核体积减小B.代谢旺盛的细胞,核孔数目较多C.核孔是大分子物质进出细胞核的“通道”D.细胞核是储存遗传信息的主要场所10.关于染色质或染色体,下列叙述中错误的是()A.染色质和染色体的形态结构和化学成分不相同B.染色质是细胞核内容易被碱性染料染成深色的物质C.染色质或染色体的主要成分都是DNA和蛋白质D.染色体是由染色质高度螺旋化、缩短变粗形成的11.下列有关叙述正确的是()A.若判断生物是否为需氧型,依据是细胞中有无线粒体结构B.若判断细胞是否为植物细胞,依据是细胞中有无叶绿体结构C.依据细胞内是否有核膜结构,可将细胞生物分为真核生物和原核生物D.若判断细胞是否为动物细胞,依据是细胞中有无中心体结构12.下列有关生物膜功能的叙述,正确的是()A.屏障作用:为细胞生命活动提供相对稳定、封闭的内部环境B.分隔成细胞器:保证真核细胞内的生命活动高效、有序地进行C.能量转换:葡萄糖分解成丙酮酸,稳定化学能转换成活跃化学能和热能D.物质运输:需依赖膜上的转运蛋白13.(2019·辽宁高一月考)在“观察植物细胞的吸水和失水”实验中,对临时装片观察了三次,如下图所示。

2024_2025学年高中英语模块综合检测一同步检测含解析北师大版必修1

2024_2025学年高中英语模块综合检测一同步检测含解析北师大版必修1

模块综合检测(一)第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

ATeenagers who spend hours in front of the television may have a poorer diet as young adults.A study, which involved nearly 1,400 high school students found those who watched TV for five hours or more every day had less healthy diets than other students five years later. Why does this happen? Should the parents take any measures?On the one hand, people who spend a lot of time in front of the TV, especially teenagers, may snack (吃零食) more, and that may influence their long­term diet quality.On the other hand, TV ads for fast food, sweets and snacks make teenagers eat more of those foods. TV time might also replace exercise time for some kids.The researchers found a clear relationship between TV time during high school and diet quality of the young. While the heaviest TV viewers were eating the most junk food, those who'd watched fewer than two hours every day had the most fruits and vegetables.As far as I am concerned, children should watch no more than two hours of television per day. And parents should set a good example by eating right, being physically active and curbing their own TV time.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。

数学选择性必修一 模块综合检测

数学选择性必修一 模块综合检测

模块综合检测(时间:120分钟,满分:150分)一、单项选择题:本题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.如果AB <0,BC <0,那么直线Ax +By +C =0不经过( ) A .第一象限 B .第二象限 C .第三象限D .第四象限解析:选D.Ax +By +C =0可化为y =-A B x -C B ,由AB <0,BC <0,得-AB >0,-CB >0,故直线Ax +By +C =0经过第一、二、三象限,不经过第四象限.2.已知直线mx +ny +1=0平行于直线4x +3y +5=0,且在y 轴上的截距为13,则m ,n 的值分别为( )A .4和3B .-4和3C .-4和-3D .4和-3解析:选C.由题意知:-m n =-43,即3m =4n ,且有-1n =13,所以n =-3,m =-4.3.如图,在平行六面体ABCD -A 1B 1C 1D 1中,点M 在AC 上,且AM =12MC ,点N 在A 1D 上,且A 1N =2ND .设AB →=a ,AD →=b ,AA 1→=c ,则MN →=( ) A .-13a +13b +13c B .a +13b -13c C.13a -13b -23c D .-13a +b +13c解析:选A.因为M 在AC 上,且AM =12MC ,N 在A 1D 上,且A 1N =2ND ,所以AM →=13AC →,A 1N →=23A 1D →.又ABCD -A 1B 1C 1D 1为平行六面体,且AB →=a ,AD →=b ,AA 1→=c ,所以AC →=a +b ,A 1D →=b -c ,所以MN →=MA →+AA 1→+A 1N →=-13AC →+AA 1→+23A 1D →=-13(a +b )+c +23(b -c )=-13a +13b +13c . 4.已知直线l 的倾斜角为135°,直线l 1经过点A (3,2),B (a ,-1),且l 1与l 垂直,直线l 2:2x +by +1=0与直线l 1平行,则a +b 等于( )A .-4B .-2C .0D .2解析:选B.因为直线l 的斜率为tan 135°=-1,所以l 1的斜率为1,所以k AB =2-(-1)3-a=1,解得a =0.又l 1∥l 2,所以-2b =1,解得b =-2,所以a +b =-2.5.已知a ,b 是两异面直线,A ,B ∈a ,C ,D ∈b ,AC ⊥b ,BD ⊥b 且AB =2,CD =1,则直线a ,b 所成的角为( )A .30°B .60°C .90°D .45°解析:选B.由于AB →=AC →+CD →+DB →,则AB →·CD →=(AC →+CD →+DB →)·CD→=CD →2=1,由cos 〈AB →,CD →〉=AB →·CD →|AB →|·|CD →|=12,得〈AB→,CD →〉=60°,故直线a ,b 所成的角为60°.6.若双曲线x 2a 2-y 2b 2=1(a >0,b >0)的一条渐近线被圆x 2+y 2-6x =0截得的弦长为25,则双曲线的离心率为( )A. 3B.62C.355D. 5解析:选 C.依题意可得渐近线方程为bx ±ay =0,而圆的标准方程为(x -3)2+y 2=9.由弦长为25,可得圆心(3,0)到渐近线的距离为2,故3b a 2+b2=2,即b 2a 2=45,所以离心率e =c a =a 2+b 2a 2=355.故选C.7.设斜率为2的直线l 过抛物线y 2=ax (a ≠0)的焦点F ,且和y 轴交于点A ,若△OAF (O 为坐标原点)的面积为4,则抛物线的方程为( )A .y 2=±4xB .y 2=±8xC .y 2=4xD .y 2=8x解析:选B.由已知可得,抛物线的焦点坐标为⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫a 4,0.又直线l 的斜率为2,故直线l 的方程为y =2⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫x -a 4,则|OA |=|a |2,故S △OAF =12·|a |4·|a |2=4,解得a =±8,故抛物线的方程为y 2=±8x .8.已知椭圆x 225+y 2m 2=1(m >0)的左焦点为F 1(-4,0),右焦点为F 2,点P 为其上的动点,当∠F 1PF 2为钝角时,点P 的横坐标的取值范围是( )A.⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫-35,35B.⎝⎛⎭⎪⎫-355,355 C.⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫-54,54 D.⎝⎛⎭⎪⎫-574,574 解析:选D.依题意,得m =3,所以x 225+y 29=1.以原点为圆心,c =4为半径作圆,则F 1F 2是圆的直径.若P 在圆外,则∠F 1PF 2为锐角;若P 在圆上,则∠F 1PF 2为直角;若P 在圆内,则∠F 1PF 2为钝角.联立⎩⎨⎧x 225+y 29=1,x 2+y 2=16,消去y ,得x =±574.故结合图形(图略)可知-574<x <574.二、多项选择题:本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.在每小题给出的选项中,有多项符合题目要求.全部选对的得5分,部分选对的得3分,有选错的得0分.9.在同一平面直角坐标系中,直线y =ax +a 2与圆(x +a )2+y 2=a 2的位置不可能是( )解析:选ABD.圆(x +a )2+y 2=a 2的可知a ≠0,圆的圆心(-a ,0),半径为|a |,直线y =ax +a 2的斜率为a ,在y 轴上的焦距为a 2>0,所以在同一直角坐标系中,直线y =ax +a 2与圆(x +a )2+y 2=a 2的位置不可能是ABD.故选ABD.10.已知双曲线C 过点(3,2)且渐近线为y =±33x ,则下列结论正确的是( )A .C 的方程为x 23-y 2=1 B .C 的离心率为 3C .曲线y =e x -2-1经过C 的一个焦点D .直线x -2y -1=0与C 有两个公共点解析:选AC.设双曲线C 的方程为x 2a 2-y 2b 2=1,根据条件可知b a =33,所以方程可化为x 23b 2-y 2b 2=1,将点(3,2)代入得b 2=1,所以a 2=3,所以双曲线C 的方程为x 23-y 2=1,故A 对;离心率e =ca =a 2+b 2a 2=3+13=233,故B 错;双曲线C 的焦点为(2,0),(-2,0),将x =2代入得y =e 0-1=0,所以C对;联立⎩⎨⎧x 23-y 2=1x -2y -1=0,整理得y 2-22y +2=0,则Δ=8-8=0,故只有一个公共点,故D 错,故选AC.11.已知椭圆C 的中心为坐标原点,焦点F 1,F 2在y 轴上,短轴长等于2,离心率为63,过焦点F 1作y 轴的垂线交椭圆C 于P 、Q 两点,则下列说法正确的是( )A .椭圆C 的方程为y 23+x 2=1 B .椭圆C 的方程为x 23+y 2=1 C .|PQ |=233D .△PF 2Q 的周长为4 3解析:选ACD.由已知得,2b =2,b =1,c a =63, 又a 2=b 2+c 2,解得a 2=3. 所以椭圆C 的方程为x 2+y 23=1.如图:所以|PQ |=2b 2a =23=233,△PF 2Q 的周长为4a =4 3.故选ACD.12.已知点F 是抛物线y 2=2px (p >0)的焦点,AB ,CD 是经过点F 的弦且AB ⊥CD ,AB 的斜率为k ,且k >0,C ,A 两点在x 轴上方,则下列结论中成立的是( )A.OC→·OD →=-34p 2 B .四边形ACBD 面积最小值为16p 2 C.1|AB |+1|CD |=12pD .若|AF |·|BF |=4p 2,则直线CD 的斜率为- 3 解析:选ACD.如图所示:F (p2,0),设直线AB 的方程为x =my +p2,设直线AB 的倾斜角为θ(θ≠0).设A (x 1,y 1),B (x 2,y 2),联立直线AB 与抛物线的方程整理得: y 2-2pmy -p 2=0.所以y 1y 2=-p 2,x 1x 2=y 212p ·y 222p =p 24,y 1+y 2=2pm . |AB |=1+m 2·(y 1+y 2)2-4y 1y 2=2p (1+m 2)=2p ·(1+cos 2θsin 2θ)=2psin 2θ.设C (x 3,y 3),D (x 4,y 4), 同理可得y 3y 4=-p 2,x 3x 4=p 24,|CD |=2pcos 2θ, 对于A ,OC →·OD →=x 3x 4+y 3y 4=p 24-p 2=-3p 24,故正确;对于B ,四边形ACBD 面积S =12CD ·AB =4p 22sin 2θ·cos 2θ=8p 2sin 22θ,故其最小值为8p 2,故错;对于C ,1|AB |+1|CD |=sin 2θ2p +cos 2 θ2p =12p ,故正确;对于D ,|AF |·|BF |=(x 1+p 2)(x 2+p 2)=x 1x 2+p 2(x 1+x 2)+p 24=4p 2,则p 2(x 1+x 2)=7p 2⇒x 1+x 2=7p .⇒2pm 2=6p ⇒m =3(m >0),θ=π6.则直线CD 的倾斜角为2π3,其斜率为- 3. 故选ACD.三、填空题:本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.13.设点P 是双曲线x 2a 2-y 2b 2=1(a >0,b >0)与圆x 2+y 2=a 2+b 2在第一象限的交点,F 1,F 2分别是双曲线的左、右焦点,且|PF 1|=3|PF 2|,则此双曲线的离心率为________.解析:由题知PF 1⊥PF 2, 则⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧|PF 1|-|PF 2|=2a ,|PF 1|2+|PF 2|2=4c 2,|PF 1|=3|PF 2|, 得ca =3+1. 答案:3+114.已知圆C 1:x 2+y 2+2x -6y +1=0,圆C 2:x 2+y 2-4x +2y -11=0,则两圆的公共弦所在的直线方程为________,公共弦长为________.解析:设两圆交点为A (x 1,y 1),B (x 2,y 2),则A ,B 两点坐标是方程组⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x 2+y 2+2x -6y +1=0, ①x 2+y 2-4x +2y -11=0 ②的解, ①-②得:3x -4y +6=0.因为A ,B 两点坐标都满足此方程,所以3x -4y +6=0即为两圆公共弦所在的直线方程. 易知圆C 1的圆心(-1,3),半径r 1=3. 又C 1到直线AB 的距离为 d =|-1×3-4×3+6|32+(-4)2=95.所以|AB |=2r 21-d 2=232-⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫952=245.即两圆的公共弦长为245. 答案:3x -4y +6=0 24515.如图,在直三棱柱ABC -A 1B 1C 1中,∠ACB =90°,2AC =AA 1=BC =2,D 为AA 1上一点.若二面角B 1­DC ­C 1的大小为60°,则AD 的长为________.解析:如图,以C 为坐标原点,CA ,CB ,CC 1所在直线分别为x 轴、y 轴、z 轴建立空间直角坐标系Cxyz ,则C (0,0,0),B 1(0,2,2).设AD =a (0≤a ≤2),则点D 的坐标为(1,0,a ),CD →=(1,0,a ),CB 1→=(0,2,2). 设平面B 1CD 的法向量为m =(x ,y ,z ),则⎩⎨⎧m ·CB 1→=0m ·CD →=0⇒⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧2y +2z =0,x +az =0,令z =-1,得m =(a ,1,-1).又平面C 1DC 的一个法向量为(0,1,0),记为n ,则由cos 60°=|m ·n ||m ||n |,得1a 2+2=12,即a =2,故AD = 2. 答案: 216.已知直线l :x =my +1(m ≠0)恒过椭圆C :x 2a 2+y 2b 2=1(a >b >0)的右焦点F ,椭圆C 的上顶点为抛物线x 2=43y 的焦点,则椭圆C 的方程为________.解析:根据题意,直线l :x =my +1(m ≠0)恒过椭圆C :x 2a 2+y 2b 2=1(a >b >0)的右焦点F ,所以F (1,0),所以c =1.又因为椭圆C 的上顶点为抛物线x 2=43y 的焦点, 所以b =3,b 2=3, 所以a 2=b 2+c 2=4,所以椭圆C 的方程为x 24+y 23=1. 答案:x 24+y 23=1四、解答题:本题共6小题,共70分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.17.(本小题满分10分)已知两直线l 1:ax -by +4=0和l 2:(a -1)x +y +b =0,求满足下列条件的a ,b 的值.(1)l 1⊥l 2,且直线l 1过点(-3,-1);(2)l 1∥l 2,且坐标原点到这两条直线的距离相等. 解:(1)因为l 1⊥l 2, 所以a (a -1)-b =0.又因为直线l 1过点(-3,-1), 所以-3a +b +4=0. 故a =2,b =2.(2)因为直线l 2的斜率存在,l 1∥l 2, 所以直线l 1的斜率存在. 所以ab =1-a .①又因为坐标原点到这两条直线的距离相等, 所以l 1,l 2在y 轴上的截距互为相反数,即4b =b .② 联立①②可得a =2,b =-2或a =23,b =2.18.(本小题满分12分)设抛物线C :y 2=4x 的焦点为F ,过F 且斜率为k (k >0)的直线l 与C 交于A ,B 两点,|AB |=8.(1)求l 的方程;(2)求过点A ,B 且与C 的准线相切的圆的方程. 解:(1)由题意得F (1,0),l 的方程为 y =k (x -1)(k >0). 设A (x 1,y 1),B (x 2,y 2). 由⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧y =k (x -1),y 2=4x得k 2x 2-(2k 2+4)x +k 2=0.Δ=16k 2+16>0,故x 1+x 2=2k 2+4k 2.所以|AB |=|AF |+|BF |=(x 1+1)+(x 2+1)=4k 2+4k 2. 由题设知4k 2+4k 2=8,解得k =-1(舍去),k =1.因此l 的方程为y =x -1.(2)由(1)得AB 的中点坐标为(3,2),所以AB 的垂直平分线方程为y -2=-(x -3),即y =-x +5.设所求圆的圆心坐标为(x 0,y 0),则⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧y 0=-x 0+5,(x 0+1)2=(y 0-x 0+1)22+16, 解得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x 0=3,y 0=2或⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x 0=11,y 0=-6.因此所求圆的方程为(x -3)2+(y -2)2=16或(x -11)2+(y +6)2=144.19.(本小题满分12分)如图,在四棱锥P -ABCD 中,P A ⊥平面ABCD ,底面ABCD 是菱形,AB =2,∠BAD =60°.(1)求证:BD ⊥平面P AC ;(2)若P A =4,求平面PBC 与平面PDC 所成角的余弦值.解:(1)证明:因为底面ABCD 是菱形,所以BD ⊥AC .又P A ⊥平面ABCD ,所以BD ⊥P A .又P A ∩AC =A ,所以BD ⊥平面P AC .(2)以BD 与AC 的交点O 为坐标原点,OB ,OC 所在直线为x 轴,y 轴,过点O 且垂直于平面ABCD 的直线为z 轴,建立如图所示的空间直角坐标系.由已知可得,AO =OC =3,OD =OB =1,所以P (0,-3,4),B (1,0,0),C (0,3,0),D (-1,0,0),PC→=(0,23,-4),BC →=(-1,3,0),CD→=(-1,-3,0). 设平面PBC 的法向量为n 1=(x 1,y 1,z 1),平面PDC 的法向量为n 2=(x 2,y 2,z 2),由⎩⎨⎧n 1·PC →=0,n 1·BC →=0,可得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧23y 1-4z 1=0,-x 1+3y 1=0,令x 1=3,可得n 1=⎝⎛⎭⎪⎫3,1,32. 同理,由⎩⎨⎧n 2·PC →=0,n 2·CD →=0,可得n 2=⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫-3,1,32, 所以cos 〈n 1,n 2〉=n 1·n 2|n 1||n 2|=-519,又平面PBC 与平面PDC 所成的角为锐角,所以平面PBC 与平面PDC 所成角的余弦值为519.20.(本小题满分12分)如图,已知抛物线C :y 2=4x的焦点为F ,过点F 的直线l 与抛物线C 交于A (x 1,y 1)(y 1>0),B (x 2,y 2)两点,T 为抛物线的准线与x 轴的交点.(1)若TA→·TB →=1,求直线l 的斜率; (2)求∠ATF 的最大值.解:(1)由题意得F (1,0),T (-1,0),当直线l 与x 轴垂直时,A (1,2),B (1,-2),此时TA →·TB →=(2,2)·(2,-2)=0,这与TA→·TB →=1矛盾. 故直线l 与x 轴不垂直.设直线l 的方程为y =k (x -1).①将①代入y 2=4x 整理得k 2x 2-(2k 2+4)x +k 2=0.所以x 1+x 2=2k 2+4k 2,x 1x 2=1. 所以y 1y 2=k 2(x 1-1)(x 2-1)=k 2[x 1x 2-(x 1+x 2)+1]=-4,所以TA →·TB →=(x 1+1,y 1)·(x 2+1,y 2)=x 1x 2+(x 1+x 2)+1+y 1y 2=1+2k 2+4k 2+1-4=4k 2=1.解得k =±2.故直线l 的斜率为±2.(2)因为y 1>0,所以tan ∠ATF =y 1x 1+1=y 1y 214+1=4y 1+4y 1≤1. 当且仅当y 1=4y 1,即y 1=2时取等号. 故∠ATF 的最大值为π4.21.(本小题满分12分)如图,在三棱锥P -ABC 中,平面P AB ⊥平面ABC ,AB =6,BC =23,AC =26,D ,E 分别为线段AB ,BC 上的点,且AD =2DB ,CE =2EB ,PD ⊥AC .(1)求证:PD ⊥平面ABC ;(2)若直线P A 与平面ABC 所成的角为π4,求平面P AC 与平面PDE 的夹角.解:(1)证明:由题意知AC =26,BC =23,AB =6,所以AC 2+BC 2=AB 2,所以∠ACB =π2, 所以cos ∠ABC =236=33.又易知BD =2,所以CD 2=22+(23)2-2×2×23cos ∠ABC =8, 所以CD =22,又AD =4,所以CD 2+AD 2=AC 2,所以CD ⊥AB .因为平面P AB ⊥平面ABC ,交线为AB ,所以CD ⊥平面P AB ,所以CD ⊥PD ,因为PD ⊥AC ,AC ∩CD =C ,所以PD ⊥平面ABC .(2)由(1)知PD ,CD ,AB 两两互相垂直,所以可建立如图所示的直角坐标系D -xyz ,因为直线P A 与平面ABC 所成的角为π4,即∠P AD =π4,所以PD =AD =4,则A (0,-4,0),C (22,0,0),B (0,2,0),P (0,0,4),所以CB →=(-22,2,0),AC →=(22,4,0),P A →=(0,-4,-4). 因为AD =2DB ,CE =2EB ,所以DE ∥AC ,由(1)知AC ⊥BC ,所以DE ⊥BC ,又PD ⊥平面ABC ,所以PD ⊥BC ,因为PD ∩DE =D ,所以CB ⊥平面PDE ,所以CB→=(-22,2,0)为平面PDE 的一个法向量. 设平面P AC 的法向量为n =(x ,y ,z ),则⎩⎨⎧n ⊥AC →,n ⊥P A →,所以⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧22x +4y =0,-4y -4z =0,令z =1,得x =2,y =-1,所以n =(2,-1,1)为平面P AC 的一个法向量.所以cos 〈n ,CB →〉=-4-24×12=-32, 所以平面P AC 与平面PDE 所成的锐二面角的余弦值为32,故平面P AC 与平面PDE 的夹角为30°.22.(本小题满分12分)已知椭圆E :x 2a 2+y 2b2=1(a >b >0)过点(0,1),且离心率为32.(1)求椭圆E 的标准方程;(2)设直线l :y =12x +m 与椭圆E 交于A ,C 两点,以AC 为对角线作正方形ABCD ,记直线l 与x 轴的交点为N ,求证|BN |为定值.解:(1)由题意,可知椭圆的焦点在x 轴上,且b =1,由椭圆的离心率e =c a =1-b 2a 2=32,得a =2,所以椭圆E 的标准方程为x 24+y 2=1.(2)证明:设A (x 1,y 1),C (x 2,y 2),线段AC 的中点为M ,由⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧y =12x +m ,x 24+y 2=1, 整理得x 2+2mx +2m 2-2=0,由Δ=(2m )2-4(2m 2-2)=8-4m 2>0,解得-2<m <2,则x 1+x 2=-2m ,x 1x 2=2m 2-2,y 1+y 2=12(x 1+x 2)+2m =m ,则M ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫-m ,12m .|AC |=1+k 2·|x 1-x 2| =1+k 2·(x 1+x 2)2-4x 1x 2 =1+⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫122·4m 2-4×(2m 2-2)=10-5m 2. 由l 与x 轴的交点N (-2m ,0), 得|MN |=(-m +2m )2+⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫12m 2=54m 2.所以|BN |2=|BM |2+|MN |2=14|AC |2+|MN |2=5 2,所以|BN |为定值.。

必修一(分子与细胞)模块测试(一)

必修一(分子与细胞)模块测试(一)

必修一(分子与细胞)模块测试(一)第一章走进细胞第二章组成细胞的分子一、选择题:在下列给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的(共25小题,每题2分,共50分)1、在西部大开发中以解决水这一问题为根本途径,以恢复和保护生物多样性为出发点,努力实现人与环境的双赢,这一世纪工程的改造对象是生命系统中的()层次?A 种群B 群落C 生态系统D生物圈2、下列内容中,不是细胞学说要点的是()A 所有动植物都是由一个或多个细胞构成B 细胞是生命的最简单形式C 细胞是生命的结构单元D 细胞是初始细胞分化而来3、下列生物中,属于原核生物的一组是()①蓝藻②酵母菌③草履虫④衣藻⑤水绵⑥青霉菌⑦葡萄球菌⑧放线菌A ①⑦⑧B ②③⑤C ①③④⑦D ②⑥⑦⑧4、观察同一材料的同一部位时,高倍镜与低倍镜相比()A 物象小,视野亮,看到的细胞数目多B 物象小,视野暗,看到的细胞数目少C 物象大,视野暗,看到的细胞数目少D 物象大,视野亮,看到的细胞数目多5、用斐林试剂鉴定还原性糖时,溶液的颜色变化过程是()A 浅蓝色→棕色→砖红色B无色→浅蓝色→棕色C 砖红色→浅蓝色→棕色D棕色→绿色→无色6、在生物组织中,还原性糖、脂肪、蛋白质的鉴定实验中,对实验材料的叙述错误的是()A 甘蔗茎的薄壁组织、甜菜的块根都含有较多的糖,可用于鉴定还原糖B 花生种子含脂肪多,子叶肥厚,是鉴定脂肪的理想材料C 大豆种子蛋白质含量高,是进行蛋白质鉴定的理想材料D 鸡蛋清含蛋白质多,是进行蛋白质鉴定的理想材料7、谷氨酸的R基为C3H5O2,在一个谷氨酸分子中,含有的碳和氧的原子数分别是()A 4 ,4B 5,4C 4,5D 5,68、胰岛素和绝大多数酶都是蛋白质,但是功能不同,这是因为()A 氨基酸的种类和数目不同B 氨基酸的排列顺序不同C 蛋白质的空间结构不同D 以上都是9、已知20种氨基酸的平均分子量是128,现有一蛋白质分子,由三条多肽链组成,共有肽键97个,则此蛋白质的分子量约为()A、11054B、12800C、12544D、1103610、组成小麦和噬菌体体内核酸的核苷酸和碱基的种类分别是()A 、8,5;8,5 B、8,5;4,4 C、4,4;4,4 D、4,5;4,511、在人和动物细胞中,DNA存在于()A、细胞核B、细胞质C、细胞核,线粒体,叶绿体D、细胞核,线粒体12、淀粉酶,纤维素和DNA都含有的元素是()A、C.H.OB、C.H.O.NC、C.O.N.PD、C.H.O.N.P.13、通常情况下,分子式为C63H103O45N17S2的多肽化合物中最多含有肽键()个。

2023版新教材高中生物模块综合检测卷新人教版选择性必修1

2023版新教材高中生物模块综合检测卷新人教版选择性必修1

模块综合检测卷第Ⅰ卷(选择题)一、单项选择题(每小题2分,共50分)1.如图为人体体液之间的物质交换示意图,下列叙述错误的是()A.图中A、C、D参与人体内环境的组成B.解旋酶可以存在于B内C.乙酰胆碱和激素可存在于C中D.D可以运输养料、二氧化碳、尿素和糖原等物质2.研究人员对某运动员训练过程中的血糖、体温、酸碱度等指标进行了测量。

下列叙述错误的是()A.血浆pH的稳定与HCO-3、HPO2-4等离子有关B.三项生理指标的调控不都与下丘脑直接相关C.训练开始后,运动员散热量会有所增加D.三项生理指标都在一定范围内恒定不变3.选体重相近、发育正常的四只雄性小狗,甲狗不做任何处理,乙、丙、丁分别做不同手术处理。

几个月后,测得四只狗血液中的三种激素的含量(μg/mL)如下表。

据表分析乙、A.甲状腺、垂体、睾丸 B.甲状腺、睾丸、垂体C.垂体、甲状腺、睾丸 D.睾丸、甲状腺、垂体4.人体细胞与外界环境进行物质交换需要“媒介”,下列关于该“媒介”的化学成分、理化性质及其稳态的调节机制的叙述,正确的是()A.麦芽糖属于小分子物质,可存在于该“媒介”中B.该“媒介”的稳态指的是理化性质的动态平衡C.调节该“媒介”稳态的系统是神经系统和免疫系统D.该“媒介”pH的稳定与HCO-3和HPO2-4等离子有关5.日常生活中,很多因素会引起内环境发生变化,下列相关叙述正确的是()A.剧烈运动中,产生过多的乳酸,内环境的pH明显下降B.过敏反应,会导致血浆蛋白含量下降进而引起组织水肿C.侏儒症是由于孕妇缺碘,引起胎儿发育过程中内环境稳态失衡的结果D.中暑是由于体内热量集聚过多,说明人体内环境稳态的调节有一定限度6.胰岛素与细胞膜上相应受体结合后可以促进细胞对葡萄糖的吸收。

下列情况可以导致血糖浓度降低的是()A.健康人早餐食用馒头、面包和米粥等食物后B.胰岛A细胞分泌增强,胰高血糖素水平上升C.体内胰岛素水平正常,胰岛素受体活性降低D.胰岛B细胞分泌增强,胰岛素受体活性正常7.西瓜膨大剂是人工合成的一种化合物,作用效果持久,应用广泛。

北师大版高中英语选择性必修第一册模块综合检测1

北师大版高中英语选择性必修第一册模块综合检测1

模块综合检测(一)第一部分阅读第一节ACalling all book lovers! Support your reading habit without paying a cent or even taking a trip to the library.The Library of CongressIf you're looking for classics online,the Library of Congress has got you covered.With more than 60 classic books available,this is the perfect website if you have a specific classic you're looking to read.It also includes children's classics like Alice in Wonderland and Cinderella.Project GutenbergFounded in 1971,Project Gutenberg is the oldest eBook collection online.While the website asks for donations (捐赠),no fees are required for reading the free online books they offer.There are more than 56,000 eBooks to choose from,and they are Kindle-compatible and easy to download.BookBubIf you're a book lover who's always looking for something new to read,BookBub is a site you need in your life.To access this site and its thousands of available eBooks you need to create an account (账户),but it's totally free.Once you've created an account,the site asks you to pick your favorite genres so that it can provide the best reading recommendations (推荐).If you want to learn more about BookBub,click here.BookRixBookRix allows readers to download free ebooks onto their iPads,tablets,eReaders,and smartphones.The site offers books from self-published authors as well as books that are part of the public domain.The homepage group books into different types including fiction,fantasy,romance,thrillers,so you can easily find a new book to read.1.Which should one choose if they want to read classical fairy tale books?A.The Library of Congress.B.Project Gutenberg.C.BookBub.D.BookRix.2.What makes BookBub different from the other three?A.All the ebooks are totally free.B.Some of the ebooks are classics.C.It recommends books for readers.D.Thousands of ebooks are available.3.Where does this text most probably come from?A.A newspaper.B.The Internet.C.A magazine.D.A notice board.BEmma Watson entered our lives as the perfect Hermione Granger in 2001,and nowadays,we're just as much in love with this charming,intelligent British girl,as ever.You may or may not be a Potter head,but a lot of people are charmed by Emma Watson's perfection.Despite being a star performer at the young age of 11,she's never gone the Hollywood-spoiled-child route.In fact,she made all attempts to stay as normal as possible.She said ,“Ignoring fame was my rebellion,in a funny way.I was insistent on being normal and doing normal things.It probably wasn't advisable to go to college in America and room with a complete stranger.And it probably wasn't wise to share a bathroom with eight other people in a dormitory.Looking back,I think that was crazy.”She added,“I was very well-educated.My dad paid for me to go to a very good school,so I worked hard every single day at that school to make him proud of me.And I did,and I still do.”If we had to imagine what Hermione Granger would have grown up to be like,we would say she'd be the Emma Watson of the Potter universe because there really is noway to separate the two.In the last few years,Emma has added more feathers to her cap than we imagined being humanly possible,which include actor,scholar,model and UN Women Goodwill Ambassador.In her role as a UN Women Goodwill Ambassador,she'd supported powerful causes to the best of her ability and brought them all the attention they deserve.Emma Watson gave us the most accurate description of our favorite girl from the Potter universe.“Young girls are told you have to be a delicate princess.Hermione taught them that you can be a warrior.”4.After Emma Watson became an actress,she________.A.followed the Hollywood child routeB.had a preference for a normal lifeC.became rebellious in a funny wayD.went to a good college instead5.What does the author mean by saying “Emma has added more feathers to her cap”in paragraph 4?A.Emma has earned more titles.B.Emma wears a cap with feathers.C.Emma is expert at designing caps.D.Emma has been more absorbed in her job.6.What can be the best title for the text?A.Emma Watson:You Can Be the Best ActressB.Emma Watson:You Can Be a WarriorC.The Way to Be a Delicate PrincessD.The Way to Be a Good Performer7.What's the author's attitude to Emma Watson?A.Critical.B.Objective.C.Cautious.D.Appreciative.CInstead of going on a trip or buying herself new clothes:Xiao Tong from Wuhan,Hubei Province,chose to celebrate her senior high school graduation in a differentway.She went to a beauty clinic to have plastic surgery on her nose.“I want to make a good impression and start my university life with a brand-new look,”the 18-year-old told Changjiang Daily.Like Xiao Tong,many young Chinese are anxious about their looks,and more and more subject themselves to plastic surgery.Young people do it for different reasons,and improving self-confidence is one of them.Wang Fang,18,from Beijing,felt that her eyes were too small.In 2019,after she got in university,Wang had a minor operation done on her eyelids.“Before I had the surgery,I had a negative view of myself.Therefore,I had no confidence,”Wang told Beijing Youth Daily.But Jiang Wenxiu of the Department of Psychiatry,Zhongda Hospital,Southeast University in Jiangsu,advised that people should think twice before going under the knife.“Medical beauty apps only show how great plastic surgery can be,”Jiang told China Daily.“They leave out all the negative things.”Today beauty clinics are well aware that these young students are mostly short of money,so they use summer discounts,installment plans and other ways to attract their attention.Xiao Zhen,17,from Chengdu,Sichuan Province,is one of the victims.She took out a loan(贷款) of about 20,000 yuan to get plastic surgery.But the large sum of money became a big burden.She had to drop out of school and go to work to pay off the loan.Besides the financial burden,potential health risks of plastic surgery also need to be considered.“If you have big problems with your look,you should wait until you are a full adult,and then decide if you want to do something about it,”Jiang said.“Then,with a stable(稳定的)mind,you can consider inner and outer beauty,and whether plastic surgery is for you.”8.Why does the author mention Xiao Tong in the first paragraph?A.To explain what plastic surgery is.B.To praise her bravery to live a different life.C.To show the popularity of plastic surgery.D.To introduce a new way to start university.9.What does Xiao Zhen lose for her surgery?A.Freedom.B.Education.C.Health.D.Confidence.10.What is Jiang Wenxiu's attitude towards plastic surgery?A.Admiring.B.Worried.C.Cautious.D.Satisfied.11.What is the best title of the passage?A.Popular Plastic Surgery.B.Never Take Plastic Surgery.C.What Makes Plastic Surgery Popular?D.Show Your Confidence in Plastic Surgery.DIt is generally acknowledged that young people from poorer socio-economic backgrounds tend to do less well in the education system.In an attempt to help the children of poor families,a nationwide program called“Headstart” was started in the US in 1965.A lot of money was poured into it.It took children into preschool institutions at the age of three and was supposed to help them succeed in school.But the results have been disappointing,because the program began too late.Many children who entered it at three were already behind their peers in language and intelligence and the parents were not involved in the process.At the end of each day,“Headstart”children returned to the same disadvantaged home environment.To improve the results,another program was started in Missouri that concentrated on parents as the child's first teachers.This program was based on research showing that working with the family is the most effective way of helping children get the best possible start in life.The four-year study included 380 families who were about to have their first child and represented different socio-economic status,age and family structure.The program involved trained educators visiting and working with the parent or parents and the child.The program also gave the parents some guidance,and useful skills on child development.At three,the children involved in the “Missouri” program were evaluated withthe children selected from the same socio-economic backgrounds and family situations.The results were obvious.The children in the program were more advanced in language development,problem solving and other intellectual skills than their peers.They performed equally well regardless of socio-economic backgrounds or family structure.The one factor that was found to affect the child's development was the poor quality of parent-child interaction.That interaction was not necessarily bad in poorer families.The “Missouri”program compares quite distinctly with the “Headstart”program.Without a similar focus of parent education and on the vital importance of the first three years,some evidence indicates that it will not be enough to overcome education unfairness.12.What caused the failure of the “Headstart” program?A.The large number of poor families.B.The disapproval from children.C.The late start of the program.D.The long period of time.13.What do we know about the “Missouri” program?A.It focused on the children's first school teachers.B.It helped the children return to the same home.C.It made the children improved in many aspects.D.It gave the parents advice on their development.14.According to the passage,what is likely to influence children's performance? A.The number of family members.B.The teacher-student relationship.C.The intelligence of their parents.D.The parent-child communication.15.How does the author develop the passage?A.By listing figures.B.By making comparisons.C.By presenting ideas.D.By drawing conclusions.第二节To tell the truth,no one has the right to judge you.People may have heard your stories,but they can't feel what you are going through; they aren't living YOUR life.16 Instead,focus on how you feel about yourself,and do what you think is right.17 Your relationship with yourself is the closest and most important one you will ever have.If you don't take good care of yourself,then you can't take good care of others either.Taking care of yourself is the best thing you can do.Do what you know is right,for YOU.Don't be afraid to walk alone,and don't be afraid to like it.Don't let anyone's words stop you from being the best you can be.18 When you are totally at peace within yourself,nothing can shake you.Follow your own path. 19 Make use of the chance to make life all that you want it to be.Work hard for what you believe,and keep your dreams big and your worries small.Forgive those who have wronged you. 20 It is a special quality of the strong and wise.It allows you to focus on the future instead of the past.Without forgiveness,wounds can never be healed,and moving on can never be achieved.A.Take care of yourself.B.So forget what they say about you.C.Forgiveness is a gift you give yourself.D.Show everyone your love and kindness.E.Every new day is a chance to change your life.F.Keep doing what you know in your heart is right.G.When you are dealing with failure,don't be ashamed.第二部分语言运用第一节Everyday on the way to work I drive down a street lined with pine trees.One tree in particular 21 my attention.It must have suffered some 22 .Part of its trunk grew nearly parallel to the ground,and then in an effort to 23 its own course of life,the trunk took a 90 degree turn 24 to stand tall and stretch toward the sun.This tree became a 25 for me.Each day as I drove by,I saw this bent butdetermined tree and I would be 26 .It was a reminder to me that 27 I may not have had the best start in life,I could change 28 in the parts of my life at any time.I was planning to stop one day to get a perfect 29 of my kindred-spirit(志趣相同的) tree.But that week I was 30 .After that busy week,I still didn't take any action.Every time I drove by the tree I would 31 myself,“Tomorrow,I'll stop to take one.”Then one day,as I 32 by “my” tree,I glanced over,and much to my 33 I found a sawed-off stump(树桩) where that symbolic tree had stood.Gone.I had 34 my plan until “tomorrow” and tomorrow proved to be too35 .A picture of a tree gives me a lesson clearly that if we knew we would never have the opportunity to do it again?Why not do those things that you have been putting off until tomorrow?21.A.paid B.caughtC.fixed D.escaped22.A.damage B.influenceC.experience D.defeat23.A.follow B.designC.change D.imagine24.A.applying B.attemptingC.happening D.learning25.A.shelter B.signalC.sign D.symbol26.A.interested B.satisfiedC.encouraged D.educated27.A.even though B.as ifC.in case D.if only28.A.purpose B.planC.habit D.direction29.A.glance B.viewC.picture D.knowledge30.A.busy B.freeC.worried D.bored31.A.tell B.helpC.call D.see32.A.wandered B.droveC.rode D.ran33.A.surprise B.pleasureC.regret D.happiness34.A.taken off B.cut offC.put off D.called off35.A.cold B.farC.sunny D.late第二节A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for 36.________(be) Britain's oldest full-time employee—still working 40 hours a week.Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield,37.________ she opened with her late husband Les.Her years of hard work have 38.________(final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement”award,proud Irene 39.________(declare) she had no plans 40.________(retire) from her 36-year-old business.Irene said,“I don't see any reason to give up work.I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 41.________(make) over the years.I work not because I have to,42.________ because I want to.”Granddaughter Gayle Parks,31—who works alongside her in the family business—said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award.She said,“We don't have any idea who put grandma forward.When we got a call 43.________(say) she was short-listed,we thought it was 44.________ joke.But then we got an official letter and we were blown away.We are so proud of her.It's 45.________(wonder).”第三部分写作第一节假如你是李明,根据学校安排,你给即将到你校任教的外籍教师Jack推荐一名学生助手(assistant)。

必修一模块过关检测卷

必修一模块过关检测卷

必修一模块过关检测卷一、选择题:本大题共12小题,每小题5分,共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.集合2{03},{9}P x Z x M x Z x =∈≤<=∈≤,则P M =( )A .{1,2}B .{0,1,2}C .{1,2,3}D .{0,1,2,3}2.已知A ,B 均为集合U={1,3,5,7,9}的子集,且A∩B={3},(u B )∩A={9},则A=( ) A .{1,3} B .{3,7,9} C .{3,5,9} D .{3,9} 3.若0a >,且1a ≠,函数2log (2)a y x =++的图象恒过定点P ,则P 点的坐标为( ) A .(1,2)- B .(2,1)- C .(3,2)- D .(3,2)4.已知函数14log y x =与y kx =的图象的交点为A ,且点A 的横坐标为2,则k 等于( )A .14-B .14C .12-D .125.如果01a <<,那么下列不等式中正确的是( )A .1132(1)(1)a a ->- B .(1)log (1)0a a -+> C .32(1)(1)a a ->+ D .(1)(1)1a a +->6.若函数()y f x =满足(1)4()f x f x +=,则()f x 等于( )A .4xB .4(1)x +C .4log xD .4x7.设25a bm ==,且112a b+=,则m =( )A B .10 C .20 D .1008.函数()412x xf x +=的图象( )A .关于原点对称B .关于直线y=x 对称C .关于x 轴对称D .关于y 轴对称9.给定函数①12y x =,②12log (1)y x =+,③|1|y x =-,④12x y +=,其中在区间(0,1)上单调递减的函数序号是A .①②B .②③C .③④D .①④ 10.设()f x 为定义在R 上的奇函数,当0x ≥时,()22xf x x b =++(b 为常数),则(1)f -=( )A .3B .1C .-1D .-3 11.已知0x 是函数f(x)=2x + 11x-的一个零点.若1x ∈(1,0x ),2x ∈(0x ,+∞),则( )A .f(1x )<0,f(2x )<0B .f(1x )<0,f(2x )>0C .f(1x )>0,f(2x )<0D .f(1x )>0,f(2x )>012.若函数f(x)=212log ,0,log (),0x x x x >⎧⎪⎨-<⎪⎩,若()()f a f a >-,则实数a 的取值范围是( )A .(-1,0)∪(0,1)B .(-∞,-1)∪(1,+∞)C .(-1,0)∪(1,+∞)D .(-∞,-1)∪(0,1)二、填空题:本大题共4小题,每小题4分,共16分.把答案填在题中的横线上. 13.()f x 的图像如右下图,则()f x 的值域为 . 14.若函数2()f x x ax b =--的两个零点是2和3,则函数2()1g x bx ax =--的零点是 . 15.若函数2()()x f x e μ--=(e 为无理数,71828.2≈e )的最大值是m ,且()f x 是偶函数,则m μ+= .16.老师给出一个函数,请三位同学各说出了这个函数的一条性质:①此函数为偶函数;②定义域为{|0}x R x ∈≠;③在(0,)+∞上为增函数.老师评价说其中有一个同学的结论错误,另两位同学的结论正确.请你写出一个(或几个)这样的函数 .三、解答题:本大题共6小题,共74分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤. 17.(本小题满分10分)已知{}2340,A x x x x R =+-=∈,{}2(1)(2)0B x x a x a =++-+=,且B A ⊆,求实数a 的值和集合B . 18.(本小题满分12分)计算:(1)20.520371037(2)0.1(2)392748π--++-⋅+;(2)72214log 2log 10323527log log 4(33)73⎡⎤⋅--⎢⎥⎣⎦.19.(本小题满分12分) (1)已知)21121()(+-=xx x f ,[)(]3,00,3⋃-∈x ,判断)(x f 的奇偶性 ()()()().,10,).2(2解析式求时,,的定义域为已知奇函数x f x x x f x R x f ---=∞-∈ 20.(本小题满分12分)我国加入WTO 时,根据达成的协议,若干年内某产品关税与市场供应量P 的关系允许近似满足2(1)()()2kt x b P x --=(其中t 为关税的税率,且10,2t ⎡⎫∈⎪⎢⎣⎭,x 为市场价格,,b k为正常数),当18t =时的市场供应量曲线如图所示. (1)根据图象求,b k 的值;(2)记市场需求量为Q ,它近似满足112()2x Q x -=,当P Q =时的市场价格称为市场平衡价格,为使市场平衡价格不低于9元,求税率的最小值.21.(本小题满分12分)已知函数()ln 26f x x x =+-.(1)求证:()f x 在其定义域上是增函数;(2)求证:()f x 在其定义域内有且只有一个零点;(3)用二分法求这个零点所在的一个区间,使这个区间的长度不超过14. 22.(本小题满分12分)已知:二次函数()y f x =的两个零点为0,1,且其图象的顶点恰好在函数2log y x = 的图象上.(1)求函数()f x 的解析式;(2)设函数()f x 在[],1t t +上的最小值为()g t ,求函数()g t 的解析式.参考答案1.B 解析:集合{}0,1,2P =,集合{}3,2,1,0,1,2,3M =---,所以{}0,1,2P M =.2.D 解析:因为A∩B={3},所以3∈A ,又因为u B∩A={9},所以9∈A ,所以选D .本题也可以用Venn 图的方法帮助理解.3.A 解析:由对数函数log (0,1)a y x a a =>≠且的图象恒过定点(1,0)知,函数2log (2)a y x =++,当21x +=,即1x =-时,2y =.故选A .4.A 解析;设点A 的坐标为(2,)y ,代入14log y x =,得141log 22y ==-,故点A 的坐标为1(2,)2-,代入y kx =,得122k -=,14k =-.故选A . 5.A 解析:01a <<,∴011a <-<,∴函数(1)x y a =-在(,)-∞+∞上是减函数,∴1132(1)(1)a a ->-.故选A .6.D 解析:当()4xf x =时,1(1)4444()x x f x f x ++==⨯=.故选D .7.A 解析:211log 2log 5log 102,10,m m m m a b+=+==∴=又0,10.m m >∴= 8.D 解析:)(241214)(x f x f xxx x =+=+=---,)(x f ∴是偶函数,图像关于y 轴对称. 9.B 解析:①函数12y x =在(0,)+∞上为增函数,②12log (1)y x =+在(1,)-+∞上为减函数,故在(0,1)上也为减函数,③1y x =-在(0,1)上为减函数,④12x y +=在(,)-∞+∞上为增函数,故选B .10.D 解析:因为()f x 为定义在R 上的奇函数,所以有0(0)2200f b =+⨯+=,解得1b =,所以当0x ≥时,()221x f x x =+-,即1(1)(1)(2211)3f f -=-=-+⨯-=-,故选D .11.B 解析:考察了数形结合的思想,以及函数零点的概念和零点的判断,属中档题. 12.C 解析:由分段函数的表达式知,需要对a 的正负进行分类讨论.2112220a<0()()log log log ()log ()a f a f a a a a a >⎧⎧⎪⎪>-⇒⎨⎨>->-⎪⎪⎩⎩或001-10112a a a a a a a <>⎧⎧⎪⎪⇒⇒><<⎨⎨<>⎪⎪⎩⎩或或. 13.[-4,3] 解析:由图可知,()f x 值域为[-4,3]. 14.12-,13- 解析:由题意可知,235a =+=,(2*3)6b =-=-,所以()(21)(31)g x x x =-+*+,所以()g x 的零点为12-,13-.15.1 解析:由()f x 是偶函数,可知0μ=,所以1m =,即1m μ+=. 16.2xy = 或0,10,1{<+≥-=x x x x y 或x y 2-=或21y x=,…,结论开放.22()()()()11f x f x x x x x ⎡⎤=--=------=-+⎣⎦17.解析:{}4,1A =-,方程2(1)(2)0x a x a ++-+=的两根为11x =,2(2)x a =-+.①当(2)1a -+=,即3a =-时,{}1B =;②当(2)1a -+≠,即3a ≠-时, 由B A ⊆,得(2)4a -+=-,所以2a =,此时{}4,1B =-. 由①②得:3a =-时,{}1B =;2a =时,{}4,1B =-.18.解析:(1)原式2132225164375937()()3100310090.1274831648-=++-+=++-+=. (2)原式723234log 2log 1032353log log 2(3)73⎡⎤=⋅--⎢⎥⎣⎦3355331(log 3log 3)log (1032)(1)log 5444=-⋅--=-⋅=-. 19.(1)解:()f x 定义域关于原点对称,且11()()()212x f x x --=-+-11122(21)111222()()2121221x x xx x x x x x f x -⋅+-+=⋅=⋅=+=---,∴()f x 为偶函数.(2)(0)0f =,当0x >时,0x -<,22()()()()11f x f x x x x x ⎡⎤=--=------=-+⎣⎦, ∴()()()⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧+∞∈+-=∞-∈---=,01000,122x x x x x x x x f .20.解析:(1)由图象知22(1)(5)8(1)(7)82122k b kb ----⎧=⎪⎨⎪=⎩,即22(1)(5)08(1)(7)18k b k b ⎧--=⎪⎪⎨⎪--=⎪⎩,解得56b k =⎧⎨=⎩. (2)P Q =,2111(16)(5)222xt x ---=,即21(16)(5)112t x x --=-. 22221712(16)(5)(5)5x t x x x --==----.令15m x =-,因为9x ≥,所以10,4m ⎛⎤∈ ⎥⎝⎦.故22(16)17t m m -=-. 当14m =时,2(16)t -取最大值1316,故19192t ≥,即税率的最小值为19192.21.(1)证明:函数()f x 的定义域为(0,)+∞,设120x x <<,则1122ln 26ln 26x x x x +-<+-,∴12()()f x f x <.∴函数()f x 在(0,)+∞上是增函数.(2)证明:(2)ln 220,(3)ln30f f =-<=>,∴(2)(3)0f f ⋅<,∴函数()f x 在(2,3)内至少有一个零点.由(1)知函数()f x 在(0,)+∞上至多有一个零点,从而函数()f x 在(0,)+∞上有且只有一个零点.(3)解析:由(2)知,函数()f x 的零点0(2,3)x ∈.取152x =,555()ln 1ln ln 0222f e =-=-<,∴5()(3)02f f ⋅<,∴05(,3)2x ∈. 取2114x =,121111111()ln ln ln 04424f e =-=->, ∴115()()042f f ⋅<,∴0511(,)24x ∈.而115114244-=≤,所以511(,)24即为符合条件的区间. 22.解析:(1)函数()f x 的两个零点为0,1,∴设()(1)(0)f x ax x a =-≠.即2()(0)f x ax ax a =-≠,∴该函数图象的顶点坐标为1(,)24a -. 又顶点恰好在函数2log y x =的图象上,∴21log 142a -==-,∴4a =,∴2()44f x x x =-. (2)函数2()44f x x x =-的图象的对称轴为直线12x =.①当12t >时,2()()44g t f t t t ==-;②当112t t ≤≤+,即1122t -≤≤时,1()()12g t f ==-;③当112t +<,即12t <-时,2()(1)44g t f t t t =+=+,∴22144,211()1,22144,2t t t g t t t t t ⎧+<-⎪⎪⎪=--≤≤⎨⎪⎪->⎪⎩.。

必修一模块综合能力测评卷

必修一模块综合能力测评卷

必修一模块综合能力测评卷说明:本试题分第I 卷和第II 卷两部分,满分150分,时间120分钟一、 选择题:本大题共12小题,每小题5分共计60分。

1.下列五个写法:①}3,2,1{}0{∈;②}0{⊆φ;③{0,1,2}}0,2,1{⊆;④φ∈0;⑤φφ=⋂0 ,其中错误..写法的个数为( ) A. 1 B. 2 C . 3 D. 4 2已知M ={x|y=x 2-1}, N={y|y=x 2-1},N M ⋂等于( ) A. N B. M C.R D.Φ3.设5.205.2)21(,5.2,2===c b a ,则a,b,c 大小关系( )A. a>c>bB. c>a>bC. a>b>cD.b>a>c 4.下列图像表示的函数能用二分法求零点的是( )A B C D5.已知x x f 26log )(=,则=)8(f ( )A .34 B. 8 C. 18 D .21 6.已知)(x f 是定义在(),0+∞上的单调增函数,若)2()(x f x f ->,则x 的范围是( ) A x>1 B. x<1 C.0<x<2 D. 1<x<27.若函数c bx x x f ++=2)(对任意实数都有)2()2(x f x f -=+,则( )A )4()1()2(f f f << B. )4()2()1(f f f << C.)1()4()2(f f f << D.)1()2()4(f f f << 8. 给出函数)(),(x g x f 如下表,则f 〔g (x )〕的值域为( ) x 1 2 3 4 f(x)4321A.{4,2}B.{1,3}C.{1,2,3,4}D. 以上情况都有可能9.设函数),在(且0)10(|,|log )(∞-≠>=a a x x f a 上单调递增,则)2()1(f a f 与+的大小关系为( ) x 1 2 3 4 g(x)1133o 1 y x xo y x o y xo y10.函数 f(x)=x 2-4x+5在区间 [0,m]上的最大值为5,最小值为1,则m 的取值范围是( ) A . ),2[+∞ B .[2,4] C .(]2,∞- D 。

高中英语 必修1 必修1模块综合检测题(1)(含答案解析)

高中英语 必修1 必修1模块综合检测题(1)(含答案解析)

高中英语必修1必修1模块综合检测题(1)(含答案解析)(满分100分)I.单项选择:(20分)1.—HavinganiceSunday.—_______.A.ThesametoyouB.YoudotooC.ThesameasyouD.Youhaveittoo2.JackhascometoChina_______thesecondtime.A.atB.forC.byD.drying3.Wehaveno_______themout.A.difficultinworkingB.difficultieswithworkingC.difficultyworkingD.difficultytowork4.Doyouknow_______?A.whenwillhegofishingB.whenhegofishingC.whendoeshegofishingD.whenhewillgofishing5.____,themoreexpensivethecamera,thebetterit’squality.A.GeneralspeakingB.SpeakinggeneralC.GenerallyspeakingD.Speakinggenerally6.SomeEnglishprograms,_____EnglishonSundayandFollowMe,areveryhelpfultous.A.forexampleB.suchasC.accordingtoD.becauseof7.Thepolicemanwarnedthedrive________socarelessly.A.nevertodriveB.toneverdriveC.tonotdriveD.doesn’tdrive8.It’s_______hothere.Wecan’tstayhereforalongtime.A.muchB.verymuchC.muchtooD.toomuch 9.Thenumberofpeopleinvited_____fifty,butanumberofthem______absentfordifferentreasons.A.was;wereB.was;wasC.were;wasD.were;were 10.Themissingboywaslastseen___totheboss’flat.ingupB.cameupC.tocameupD.wascomingup11.Howdidallthese_________?A.cameouteupeacrosseabout12.Youshouldalways_____yourconclusion_____carefulresearch.A.depend;onB.base;onC.put;intoD.base;by13.----I’mafraidthatshewon’tcometohelpmeasshepromised.----Don’tworry.Nothingwill_______hermindifshehas_______uphermind.A.change;madeB.turn;doneC.grow;givenD.make;changed14.Suchwonderfulnewswillsurelygetthestudents_______.A.exciteB.excitingC.toexciteD.excited15.Iquiteagree______youonthispoint.ButIdon’tagree______theplan.A.on;toB.on;withC.with;toD.to;with16.D on’t______difficulties.A.giveoutB.giveinC.giveintoD.giveoff17..Morethan5,000people_______theimportantmeeting.A.tookB.attendedC.tookpartD.joined18.WhenIam_____myhomework,Iheardmyname_____,butIjustcouldn’trecognizethevoice.A.did;calledB.doing;callingC.did;tocallD.doing;called19.Afterhehadfinished_____hisdiary,he_____hishomework.A.towrite;wentontodoB.towrite;wentondoingC.writing;wentondoingD.writing;wentontodo20.Heasked,“AreyouaPartymemberoraLeaguemember?”→Heaskedme_________.A.amIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberB.wasIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberC.ifIwasaPartymemberoraLeaguememberD.whetherwasIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember.II.完形填空:(20分)Oncetherewasanoldfarmer,withahorsewhichwasalmostasoldashimself.He__21__onemorningwit hhisyoungson,__22__thehorsebeforeitdied.Fatherandsonwalked,__23__thefarmerdidnotwantthehorsetobe__24__.Theymettwomenontheroad__25__said:“Whyareyouwalking,farmer?Youhaveahorse.It's__26__to market.”Thefarmerknewthatthiswas__27__,soherodeonthehorse,__28__hissonwalked.Thentheymett wooldladies.“__29__areyoudoingupthere,farmer?Can'tyou__30__howtiredyourboyi s?”__31__thefarmergotdown,andhissonrode__32__.__33__,threeoldmenstoppedthem.Onesaid:“Whyareyouwalking,farmer?__34__.It'stoohotforanol dmanlikeyoutowalktoday.”Sothefarmergotup35__hisson,andthey__36__.__37__,ayoungwomanpassedthem.“Whyaren'tyouwalking?”sheasked.“Itisn't__38__tomarket.Give yourpooroldhorsearest.”Sothefarmer,andhisson,gotdown__39__.Itisafactthatyoucannotplease__40__thepeopleallthetime.21.A.setout B.setup C.setdown D.set22.A.selling B.buying C.tosell D.tobuy23.A.so B.because C.that D.when24.A.verytired B.tootired C.quitetired D.tiring25.A.which B.who C.as D.where26.A.ashortway B.alongway C.therightway D.thewrongway27.A.real B.true C.truly D.really28.A.while B.when C.as D.during29.A.What B.How C.Why D.When30.A.see B.watch C.look D.notice31.A.Because B.As C.For D.So32.A.thus B.yet C.instead D.either33.A.First B.Finally C.Near D.Next34.A.Sitdown B.Situp C.Getup D.Getdown35.A.behind B.after C.beside D.above36.A.walkedon B.rodeon C.movedon D.droveon37.A.Sometimelater B.Amomentago C.Innotime D.Atonce38.A.near B.long C.far D.short39.A.onceagain B.ontheirown C.theotherday D.allthesame40.A.both B.eachof C.all D.noneofIII阅读理解:(30分)AScientistsaretryingtomakethedesertsintogoodlandagain.Theywanttobringwatertothedeserts,sopeoplecanliveandgrowfood.Theyarelearningalotaboutthedeserts.Butmoreandmoreoftheearthi sbecomingdesertallthetime.Scientistsmaynotbeabletochangethedesertintime.Whyismoreandmorelandbecomingdesert?Scientiststhinkthatpeoplemakedeserts.Peoplearedoingbadthingstotheearth.Someplacesontheearthdon’tgetmuchrain.Buttheystilldon’tbecomedeserts.Thisisbecausesomegr eenplantsaregrowingthere.Smallgreenplantsandgrassareveryimportanttodryplaces.Plantsdon’tle tthesunmaketheearthevendrier.Plantsdonotletthewindblowthedirtaway.Whenabitofrainfalls,theplantsholdthewater.Withoutplants,thelandcanbecomedesertmoreeasily.41.Deserts________.A.neverhaveanyplantsoranimalsinthem B.canallbeturnedintogoodlandbeforelongC.arebecomingsmallerandsmallerD.getverylittlerain42.Smallgreenplantsareveryimportanttodryplacesbecause________.A.theydon’tletthesunmaketheearthevendrierB.theydon’tletthewindblowthesoilawayC.theyholdwaterD.Alloftheabove.43.Landisbecomingdesertlittlebylittlebecause______.A.plantscan’tgrowthereB.thereisnotenoughrainC.peoplehaven’tdonewhatscientistswishthemtodo D.scientistsknowlittleaboutthedeserts44.Afterreadingthispassage,welearnthat________.A.plantscankeepdrylandfrombecomingdesert B.itisgoodtogetridofthegrassinthedeserts C.allplaceswithoutmuchrainwillbecomedeserts D.itisbettertogrowcropsondrylandthantocutthemBDearEditor,I’maSenior1studentinamiddleschool.Thisterm,myfavouriteteacher,MissMao,nolongerteachesus.Iwa nttoseeher,butI’mafraidthatshenolongerlikesmeandIdon’twanttotroubleher.Ireallymissher.Whats houldIdo?TianYanDearTianYan,It’sbadluckthatyouhavelostyourfavouriteteacher.But,ifsheisstillinyourschool,nothingcanstopyougoi ngtoseeher.Whensheisn’tbusy,askherifshemindshavingaquickchat.You canthentellhershewasyourfav ouriteteacher.Everyoneishappytoknowtheyareliked!Ifshehaslefttheschool,itwillbemoredifficulttomeether.Itwillbehard,butrememberpeoplealwayscomeandgoinourlives.Wecan’trelyonthembeingwithusallthetime. Youmaybesadtosaygoodbyetoher,butwecanrememberandlearnfromher.Thinkofherbestqualities. Youcouldalsotrylookingforsimilarqualitiesinyourotherteachers.Studyhardandgiveyournewteacherac hance.Intime,youmightstarttoseethatheorshehasdifferentqualitiestolearnfrom.Finally,youcannotcompletely(entirely)relyon(dependon)otherpeoplegettingyouthroughyourstudies,o revenyourlife.Editor45.TianYan______.A.isatroublemakerB.likesMissMaoverymuchC.ishappythesedaysD.doesn’tliketotellhersecrettoanyone46.WhichofthefollowingdoestheeditoradviseTianYanNOTtodo?A.FindatimetoseeMissMao.B.HaveashortchatwithMissMao.C.TellMissMaoshelikesher.D.Keepquietaboutthething.47.Theexpression“intime”inthispassagemeans“______”.A.overaperiodoftimeB.ontimeC.attherighttimeD.alongtimeago48.Accordingtothepassage,studentscanmakeprogressintheirstudies______.pletelybytheirfavouriteteacherspletelybytheirfavouriteclassmatesC.mainlybytheirparentsD.mainlybythemselvesC49.What’sthis?It’sa________.A.letterB.diaryC.newspaperD.notice50.Ithasbeenputup_______.A.togiveanorderforfishB.foraconcertC.towarnfishermenofthedangerD.formakingfunoffishermen51.Ittoldthefishermen________.A.tostopfishingB.thefishfromthewatersisunfittoeat.C.thattheywouldnevergofishing.D.thatfishingwasnotallowedhere.52.Thoughwedon’tknowtheexactmeaningof“mercurycontamination”weguessit______.A.canfeedupfishforpeopletoeatB.ishelpfulforhealthC.canmakepeopleloseweightD.ispoisonousanddangeroustohealthD2.26-meter-tallYaoMingmadehisNBAdebut(初次登台)onOctober23,2002andgot6pointsfortheHoustonRocketsinthegame.Thenextday,hegot13points(得分)inanothergame.MostpeoplethinkthatYaoMingisabornbasketballpla yer.ButYaosaid,“WhenyouwatchitonTV,itlo oksveryeasy.ButwhenyouareplayingintheNBA,itisreallynotsoeasy.”HesaidthatjoiningtheHoustonRoc ketswasanewstartandanewchallenge.“IhopethatthroughveryhardworkIcanmakeeveryonehappyandh elptheRocketswinmoregames,”hesaidYaoMingspeakssomeEnglish.Bothheandhisteammatescanunderstandeachother.Theydon'tthin kthereisalanguageproblem.WhileYaoMingfacesthisnewchallenge,thepeopleofHoustonhaveshowngre atinterestinhimandtheyhopeYaoMingwillbringnewenergy(活力)totheRockets.TheteamhasstartedhavinglessonstolearnmoreaboutChina,andmanypeoplewhowork fortheRocketshavelearnedtospeaksomeChinese.53.YaoMinggot13poinsonOctober_____,2002.A.22B.23C.24D.2654.YaoMingsaidthat_____.A.playingintheNBAwasdifficultB.itwashardtowatchNBAgamesonTVC.hewasanNBAstarD.itwasboringtoplaybasketball55.Thepassageisprobably______.A.anadvertisementB.anoticeC.anewsreportD.aninstructionIV单词拼写:(10分)56.Whatisyourfather’s_____________(态度)towardsyourplan?57.Priceforthehoteli_________bedandbreakfast.58. Theearthquakewascausedbythe________(移动)ofplates.59.Theycarriedthechildrento_________(安全).60.Tellyourfriendthatyouare____________(关心)abouthim.Soontherobberwasfound_________(躲藏)inamountainvillage.62.Tom____________(不顾,忽视)thedoctor’sadvi ceandgoesonsmoking.63Thefishiss_____,andthewholekitchenseemstosmell.64.Peopleallovertheworldlovetolivea__________(和平的)life.65.Ittookalongtimeforhimto__________(康复)fromabadcold.V.完成以下句子:(10分)66.好象他不敢把此事告诉他们。

人教版高中语文必修一模块综合测试卷(带答案)

人教版高中语文必修一模块综合测试卷(带答案)

人教版高中语文必修一模块综合测试卷(带答案)综合测试卷一、现代文阅读(36分) (一)论述类文本阅读(9分,每小题3分) 阅读下面的文字,完成1~3题。

慎终追远清明永驻清明节大约起源于周代,至今已有两千五百多年的历史了。

最初,清明只是一个提醒农民进行春耕春种的节气。

《淮南子•天文训》记:“春分后十五日,北斗星柄指向乙位,则清明风至。

”《岁时百问》云:“万物生长此时,皆清洁而明净,故谓之清明。

”清明时节,我国大部分地区气温升高,雨量增多,正是春耕春种的大好时节,故有“清明前后,种瓜点豆”“清明谷雨紧相连,浸种春耕莫迟延”等农谚。

这种标志物候变化、敦促春耕的节气,是怎样变成以祭奠祖先为中心的综合节日的呢?首先,这与清明前两天的寒食节有关。

相传,寒食节起源于春秋时期的晋文公、介子推这一段动人的故事。

但当代学者普遍认为,寒食节与古人对于自然的认识相关。

他们认为世界万物都和我们人一样是有生命的,也有生老病死,需要新陈代谢。

火燃久了要熄掉,重取新火。

寒食之后重生新火就是一种辞旧迎新的过渡仪式。

熄灭旧火与重生新火所透露的是季节交替的信息,意味着新的一年春耕生产的开始。

寒食节在清明前两日,寒食禁火冷食祭墓,清明取新火踏青出游。

唐代之前,寒食与清明是两个前后相继但主题不同的节日,一为怀旧悼亡,一为求新护生;一阴一阳,一息一生。

二者有着内在的文化关联。

清明节也融合了上巳节的一些习俗。

上巳节俗称三月三,它形成于春秋末期。

时至唐代,上巳节成了一个全国性的节日,人们常在此日到水边嬉戏,去郊游踏青。

后来,上巳节的踏青饮宴的特点被整合到了清明节的习俗之中。

清明节发展最盛的时期是宋代。

北宋孟元老的《东京梦华录》载:“寒食第三日,即清明节矣,凡新坟皆用此日拜扫,都城人出郊四野如市,往往就芳树之下或园囿之间,罗列杯盘,互相劝酬。

都城之歌儿舞女,遍满园亭,抵暮而归。

”可见,宋人借祭祖扫墓的机会充分享受踏青之乐,寓嬉乐于哀痛之中。

张择端绘制的风俗画长卷《清明上河图》更是形象地呈现出宋代清明节的盛况。

高中生物选择性必修一 练习卷 模块检测试卷

高中生物选择性必修一 练习卷  模块检测试卷

模块检测试卷(满分:100分)一、选择题(本题包括18小题,每小题3分,共54分)1.(2022·山东烟台高二期中)如图中甲、乙、丙分别表示三种人体细胞外液,其中Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ分别表示生活在甲、乙、丙中的细胞。

下列说法正确的是()A.甲、乙、丙的渗透压主要来自蛋白质和无机盐B.若Ⅱ表示肝细胞,则甲中的葡萄糖浓度一定比乙中的低C.毛细血管管壁细胞生活在甲和乙中,淋巴细胞生活在甲和丙中D.肌肉注射一定浓度的血浆蛋白有助于缓解因营养不良引起的组织水肿2.某研究人员发现:刺激猫支配尾巴的交感神经后可引起尾巴上的毛竖立,同时心脏活动加速;如果将自尾巴回流的静脉结扎,再刺激该交感神经就只能引起尾巴上的毛竖立,而心脏活动不加速。

下列对该实验现象的分析,错误的是()A.副交感神经是传出神经,与交感神经的作用往往相反,相关的神经中枢大部分在脊髓B.刺激猫支配尾巴的交感神经是反射弧的传出神经C.实验刺激猫尾巴上的毛竖立,同时心脏活动加速,副交感神经活动减弱D.猫支配尾巴的交感神经末梢释放的化学物质可由静脉回流至心脏3.通常情况下,成年人的手指不小心碰到针刺会不自主地收缩,而打针时却可以不收缩。

下列相关叙述正确是()A.打针时手不收缩和大脑控制憋尿一样,反映了神经系统存在分级调节B.若支配手指的传出神经受损则针刺时没有感觉,没有反射C.手指碰到针刺时先感觉疼痛之后才完成收缩,下次看到针会躲避是条件反射的过程D.针刺产生痛觉和打针时不收缩都属于反射活动4.(2022·山东,9)药物甲、乙、丙均可治疗某种疾病,相关作用机制如图所示,突触前膜释放的递质为去甲肾上腺素(NE)。

下列说法错误的是()A.药物甲的作用导致突触间隙中的NE增多B.药物乙抑制NE释放过程中的正反馈C.药物丙抑制突触间隙中NE的回收D.NE-β受体复合物可改变突触后膜的离子通透性5.研究发现,神经递质A会与蓝斑神经元上的GalRI受体结合,引起K+通道开放,使K+顺浓度梯度转移,影响幼年大鼠蓝斑神经元兴奋性。

必修一模块检测

必修一模块检测

平邑二中高一期末模拟一一、选择题:(本大题共12小题.每小题5分,共60分.) 1.若0tan ,0cos ><αα,则α的终边在( ) A .第一象限 B .第二象限 C .第三象限 D .第四象限 2.对于向量,,a b c 和实数λ,下列命题中真命题是( )A .若=⋅b a 0,则0a =或0b =B .若λ0a =,则0λ=或=0aC .若22=a b ,则=a b 或-a =bD .若=⋅b a c a ⋅,则b =c3.)32sin(22π-=x y 的最大值是( ) A .21B .23C .22D .22-4. 某单位有职工160人,其中业务员有104人,管理人员32人,后勤服务人员24人,现用分层抽样法从中抽取一容量为20的样本,则抽取管理人员( ) A.3人 B.4人 C.7人 D.12人 5.一个容量为20的样本数据,分组后组距与频数如下表.则样本在区间(-∞,50)上的频率为( )A.0.5B.0.25C.0.6D.0.7 6.为了得到函数)63sin(π+=x y 的图象,只需把函数x y 3sin =的图象( )A 、向左平移6πB 、向左平移18πC 、向右平移6π D 、向右平移18π7.向量=(x ,1)与=(4,x )共线且方向相同,则实数x 等于( ) A .21B .21± C .2 D .2±15sin 2= 15cos 4=,与的夹角为30,则⋅的值为( )A .23B .3C .32D .219.若20παβ<<<且()54cos =+βα,()135sin =-βα,那么α2cos 的值是( ) A 、6365 B 、6365- C 、3365 D 、5665或1365-10.已知1e 和2e 是表示平面内所有向量的一组基底,那么下面四组向量中不能作为一组基底的个数( )(1) 1e 和 21e e + (2) 212e e -和1224e e -(3) 21e e +和21e e - (4) 212e e -和1221e e - A . 0 B .2 C.3 D.4 11. 已知函数)6cos()6sin(ππ++=x x y ,则其最小正周期和图象的一条对称轴方程分别为( ) A.6,2ππ=x B.12,2ππ=x C.6,ππ=x D.12,ππ=x12.已知平行四边形三个顶点的坐标分别为(-1,0),(3,0),(1,-5),则第四个点的坐标为 ( ) A .(1,5)或(5,-5) B .(1,5)或(-3,-5) C .(5,-5)或(-3,-5) D .(1,5)或(-3,-5)或(5,-5)平邑二中高一期末模拟一二、填空题:(本大题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分。

高中英语必修一测试题带答案

高中英语必修一测试题带答案

高中英语必修一测试题带答案(总53页)-本页仅作为预览文档封面,使用时请删除本页-最新外研版高中英语必修一模块综合测试题全套带答案模块综合测评(一) Modules 1-2 Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)AMany Chinese students think American students enjoy more freedom than them at Americanschools also have their the students break the rules,they will get punishment,too.On the first day of a new term,128 students of Morton High School were sent home for wearing thewrong are altogether 1,200 students in the only 20 students break the school dress rule every theheadmaster Theresa Mayerik said it was the worst new term she had ever seen.At Morton High School,students' favorite clothing such as baggy(宽大的)trousers,low­neckedshirts and tanktops(坎肩)are not allowed in students think they have the right to choose what to theheadmaster doesn't think so.“I'd be supportive if half the school were sent home,because 99% will getthe message that our school is for education.”“Freedom”does not mean “free of restrictions(约束)”.That is to say there is no total freedom in the world,no matter in the US or in China.【语篇解读】美国学生并不像中国学生所想象的那样享有完全的自由,他们也要严格遵守学校的各项规章制度。

高中英语选择性必修一 高考训练 练习习题 单元模块检测

高中英语选择性必修一 高考训练 练习习题 单元模块检测

单元模块检测第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.What is the weather like this afternoon?A.Sunny. B.Windy. C.Rainy.2.What is the weather usually like in May?A.It's colder and rainier. B.It's cooler and drier. C.It's hotter and sunnier.3.Why did so many old people die last month?A.It was too hot. B.It was too cold. C.They were too old.4.What will the weather in Arizona be like in the coming week?A.Rainy. B.Warm. C.A bit cold.5.What's the time now?A.8:30. B.8:00. C.9:00.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料,回答第6至7题。

6.What season is it now?A.Summer. B.Winter. C.Autumn.7.What does the man think the weather will be like this weekend?A.He thinks it'll rain. B.He doesn't think it'll rain.C.He thinks it'll be cloudy.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。

【导与练】高中历史人教版必修一试题:模块检测试题 Word版含解析

【导与练】高中历史人教版必修一试题:模块检测试题 Word版含解析

模块检测试题(时间:60分钟满分:100分)一、选择题(本大题共25小题,每小题2分,共50分)1.《中国大百科全书》中说:这种制度是“中国古代社会中凭借血缘关系对族人进行管辖和处置的制度”。

这种制度是( )A.分封制B.宗法制C.郡县制D.世袭制解析:B 宗法制是一种按照血缘宗族关系分配政治权力的政治制度,故B项正确。

2.“秦廷有集议之制……君臣集议,犹与春秋列国贵族世卿之世略似……亦非一君权专制独伸之象。

”材料认为秦朝集议制度( )A.有利于皇帝决策时集思广益B.承继先秦的分封制度C.有效解决了皇权与相权的矛盾D.强化君主个人独裁解析:A 从“君臣集议……亦非一君权专制独伸之象”可知秦朝集议制度不是君主独裁,而是有利于皇帝决策时吸取他人意见,故A项正确。

3.比较下列甲、乙两图,由甲图到乙图所反映的本质问题是( )A.中央官吏日益增多B.以分权实现集权C.尚书省权力最大D.太尉权力分到兵部解析:B 甲图反映的是秦汉的三公九卿制,乙图反映的是隋唐的三省六部制,三公九卿制下,丞相权力很大,威胁皇权;而三省六部制下三省长官均为丞相,三省之间相互制约,相权一分为三,从而保障了皇权的独尊,故B项正确。

4.《儒林外史》中有一则故事,讲到屡试不中的穷书生范进,得知中举后,竟高兴得发了疯。

这反映出作者认为科举制( )A.扼杀人才和压抑人性B.选拔人才注重德才兼备C.体现社会公平和正义D.考试程序繁杂试题艰涩解析:A 材料“得知中举后,竟高兴得发了疯”,表明科举制使士人的心理发生扭曲,人性得不到应有的伸张,故A项正确。

5.中英《南京条约》第十一款规定:“英国驻中国之总管大员,与中国大臣,无论京内京外者,文书来往,用‘照会’字样。

两属员往来,必当平行照会。

”这说明( )A.英国开始干涉中国的内政B.中国的行政主权遭到破坏C.清政府失去了外交自主权D.清朝天朝上国观念被打破解析:D 材料规定突出的是中英来往时人员的平等,打破了清朝的朝贡体系和天朝上国观念,故D项正确。

人教版数学高一-必修一训练模块质量检测

人教版数学高一-必修一训练模块质量检测

模块质量检测(一)一、选择题(本大题共12小题,每小题5分,共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的)1.已知集合A ={x ||x |≤2,x ∈R },B ={x |x ≤4,x ∈Z },则A ∩B =( ) A .(0,2) B .[0,2] C .{0,2}D .{0,1,2}2.集合A ={x |-1≤x ≤2},B ={x |x <1},则A ∩(∁R B )=( ) A .{x |x >1} B .{x |x ≥1} C .{x |1≤x ≤2}D .{x |1<x ≤2}3.若函数f (x )=3x +3-x 与g (x )=3x -3-x 的定义域均为R ,则( ) A .f (x )与g (x )均为偶函数 B .f (x )为偶函数,g (x )为奇函数 C .f (x )与g (x )均为奇函数 D .f (x )为奇函数,g (x )为偶函数4.已知函数f (x )=⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧log 3x ,x >0,2x ,x ≤0,则f ⎝⎛⎭⎫f ⎝⎛⎭⎫19=( ) A .4 B.14 C .-4 D .-145.函数y =1log 0.5(4x -3)的定义域为( )A.⎝⎛⎭⎫34,1 B.⎝⎛⎭⎫34,+∞ C .(1,+∞)D.⎝⎛⎭⎫34,1∪(1,+∞)6.2log 510+log 50.25=( ) A .0 B .1 C .2D .47.设函数y =x 3与y =⎝⎛⎭⎫12x -2的图象的交点为(x 0,y 0),则x 0所在的区间是( ) A .(0,1) B .(1,2) C .(2,3)D .(3,4)8.函数f (x )=x 2+(3a +1)x +2a 在(-∞,4)上为减函数,则实数a 的取值范围是( ) A .a ≤-3 B .a ≤3 C .a ≤5D .a =-39.函数f (x )=log 3x -8+2x 的零点一定位于区间( ) A .(5,6) B .(3,4) C .(2,3)D .(1,2)10.如果某公司的资金积累量每年平均比上一年增长16%,那么经过x 年可以增长到原来的y 倍,则函数y =f (x )的图象大致为图中的( )11.函数y =2x -x 2的图象大致是( )12.函数f (x )在(-1,1)上是奇函数,且在(-1,1)上是减函数,若f (1-m )+f (-m )<0,则m 的取值范围是( )A.⎝⎛⎭⎫0,12 B .(-1,1) C.⎝⎛⎭⎫-1,12 D .(-1,0)∪⎝⎛⎭⎫1,12 二、填空题(本大题共4小题,每小题4分,共16分,将答案填在题中的横线上) 13.若a ∈R ,则集合M ={x |x 2-3x -a 2+2=0,x ∈R }的子集的个数为________. 14.计算2-12+(-4)02+12-1-(1-5)0,结果是________.15.若函数f (x )=mx 2-2x +3只有一个零点,则实数m 的取值是________. 16.当x ∈(0,+∞)时,幂函数y =(m 2-m -1)x-5m -3为减函数,则实数m 的值为________.三、解答题(本大题共6小题,共74分.解答时应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤)17.(本小题满分12分)已知A ={x |x 2-3x +2=0},B ={x |ax -2=0},且A ∪B =A ,求实数a 组成的集合C .18.(本小题满分12分)已知函数f (x )=⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧3-x 2, x ∈[-1,2],x -3, x ∈(2,5].(1)在下图给定的直角坐标系内画出f (x )的图象;(2)写出f (x )的单调递增区间.解析: (1)函数f (x )的图象如下图所示:(2)函数f (x )的单调递增区间为[-1,0]和[2,5].19.(本小题满分12分)已知函数f (x )=px 2+23x +q 是奇函数,且f (2)=53.(1)求实数p ,q 的值;(2)判断f (x )在(1,+∞)上的单调性.20.(本小题满分12分)已知函数f (x )对一切实数x ,y 都满足f (x +y )=f (y )+(x +2y +1)x ,且f (1)=0,(1)求f (0)的值; (2)求f (x )的解析式;(3)当x ∈⎣⎡⎦⎤0,12时,f (x )+3<2x +a 恒成立,求a 的范围. 21.(本小题满分12分)A 、B 两城相距100 km ,在两地之间距A 城x km 处的D 地建一核电站给A 、B 两城供电.为保证城市安全,核电站与城市距离不得少于10 km.已知供电费用与供电距离的平方和供电量之积成正比,比例系数λ=0.25.若A 城供电量为20亿度/月,B 城为10亿度/月.(1)求x 的范围;(2)把月供电总费用y 表示成x 的函数;(3)核电站建在距A 城多远,才能使供电费用最小?22.(本小题满分14分)已知函数f (x )=2a ·4x -2x -1. (1)当a =1时,求函数f (x )的零点; (2)若f (x )有零点,求a 的取值范围.模块质量检测(二)一、选择题(本大题共12小题,每小题5分,共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的)1.已知全集U =R ,集合M ={x | |x -1|≤2}.则∁U M =( ) A .{x |-1<x <3} B .{x |-1≤x ≤3} C .{x |x <-1或x >3} D .{x |x ≤-1或x ≥3}解析: |x -1|≤2 ∴-2≤x -1≤2 ∴-1≤x ≤3∴∁U M ={x |x <-1或x >3}.故选C. 答案: C2.若集合A ={0,1,2,3},B ={1,2,4},则集合A ∪B =( ) A .{0,1,2,3,4} B .{1,2,3,4} C .{1,2} D .{0}答案: A3.设集合A ={2,4,6,8,10},B ={1,9,25,49,81,100},下面的对应关系能构成从A 到B 的映射的是( )A .f :x →(2x -1)2B .f :x →(2x -3)2C .f :x →x 2-2x -1D .f :x →(x -1)2 解析: 按照映射的定义检验. 答案: D4.若0<x <y <1,则( ) A .3y <3x B .log x 3<log y 3 C .log 4x <log 4yD.⎝⎛⎭⎫14x <⎝⎛⎭⎫14y 解析: 易知f (x )=log 4x 在(0,+∞)上单调递增,由0<x <y <1得log 4x <log 4y .故选C. 答案: C5.函数f (x )=3x 21-x +lg(3x +1)的定义域是( )A.⎝⎛⎭⎫-∞,-13 B.⎝⎛⎭⎫-13,13 C.⎝⎛⎭⎫-13,1 D.⎝⎛⎭⎫-13,+∞ 解析: 由⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧1-x >03x +1>0,解得-13<x <1.答案为C.答案: C6.某城市为保护环境,维护水资源,鼓励职工节约用水,作出了如下规定:每月用水不超过8吨,按每吨2元收取水费;每月超过8吨,超过部分加倍收费,某职工某月缴费20元,则该职工这个月实际用水( )A .10吨B .13吨C .11吨D .9吨解析: 设该职工该月实际用水为x 吨,易知x >8. 则水费y =16+2×2(x -8)=4x -16=20, ∴x =9.故选D. 答案: D7.下列函数中在[1,2]内有零点的是( ) A .f (x )=3x 2-4x +5 B .f (x )=x 3-5x -5 C .f (x )=ln x -3x -6D .f (x )=e x +3x -6解析: 对于A 、B 、C 中的函数f (1)·f (2)>0,只有D 项中f (1)·f (2)<0.故选D. 答案: D8.设f (x )为定义在R 上的奇函数,当x ≥0时,f (x )=2x +2x +b (b 为常数),则f (-1)=( ) A .3 B .1 C .-1D .-3解析: f (0)=20+b =0 ∴b =-1 f (1)=2+2-1=3 ∴f (-1)=-3. 答案: D9.若函数f (x )=log a |x -2|(a >0,且a ≠1)在区间(1,2)上是增函数,则f (x )在区间(2,+∞)上( )A .是增函数且有最大值B .是增函数且无最大值C .是减函数且有最小值D .是减函数且无最小值解析: 在区间(1,2)上函数y =log a |x -2|=log a (2-x )是增函数,因此0<a <1,于是函数f (x )在区间(2,+∞)上为减函数,且不存在最小值.故选D.答案: D10.设偶函数f (x )满足f (x )=x 3-8(x ≥0),则{x |f (x -2)>0}=( ) A .{x |x <-2或x >4} B .{x |x <0或x >4} C .{x |x <0或x >6} D .{x |x <-2或x >2}解析: ∵f (x )为偶函数,∴当x <0时f (x )=f (-x )=-x 3-8,∴f (x )=⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x 3-8 (x ≥0)-x 3-8 (x <0).故f (x -2)=⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧(x -2)3-8 (x ≥2)-(x -2)3-8 (x <2).∴当x ≥2时,由(x -2)3-8>0得x >4; 当x <2时,由-(x -2)3-8>0得x <0. 故{x |f (x -2)>0}={x |x <0或x >4}.故选B. 答案: B 11.设函数g (x )=x 2-2(x ∈R ),f (x )=⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧g (x )+x +4,x <g (x ),g (x )-x x ≥g (x ).则f (x )的值域是( )A.⎣⎡⎦⎤-94,0∪(1,+∞) B .[0,+∞)C.⎣⎡⎭⎫-94,+∞ D.⎣⎡⎦⎤-94,0∪(2,+∞) 解析: 令x ≥x 2-2,解得-1≤x ≤2∴f (x )=⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x 2+x +2 (x <-1或x >2)x 2-x -2 (-1≤x ≤2)若x <-1或x >2,f (x )=x 2+x +2 ∴f (x )>f (-1)=2若-1≤x ≤2,f (x )=x 2-x -2 此时f (x )min =f ⎝⎛⎭⎫12=-94 f (x )max =f (2)=0 ∴-94≤f (x )≤0综上可知:-94≤f (x )≤0或f (x )>2.故选D.答案: D 12.设函数的集合P =⎩⎨⎧⎭⎬⎫f (x )=log 2(x +a )+b ⎪⎪a =-12,0,12,1;b =-1,0,1, 平面上点的集合Q =⎩⎨⎧⎭⎬⎫(x ,y )⎪⎪x =-12,0,12,1;y =-1,0,1, 则在同一直角坐标系中,P 中函数f (x )的图象恰好经过Q 中两个点的函数的个数是( ) A .4 B .6 C .8D .10解析: 当a =-12,f (x )=log 2⎝⎛⎭⎫x -12+b ∵x >12∴此时至多经过Q 中的一个点当a =0时,f (x )=log 2x 经过⎝⎛⎭⎫12,-1,(1,0) f (x )=log 2x +1经过⎝⎛⎭⎫12,0(1,1)当a =1时,f (x )=log 2(x +1)经过⎝⎛⎭⎫-12,0(1,1) f (x )=log 2(x +1)-1经过⎝⎛⎭⎫-12,-1,(1,0) 当a =12时,f (x )=log 2(x +12)经过(0,-1)⎝⎛⎭⎫12,0 f (x )=log 2(x +12)+1经过(0,0)⎝⎛⎭⎫12,1.故选B. 答案: B二、填空题(本大题共4小题,每小题4分,共16分.请把正确答案填在题中横线上) 13.函数f (x )=lg(x -2)的定义域是________.解析: 由对数函数的性质可知x -2>0. ∴定义域为{x |x >2}. 答案: {x |x >2}14.12lg 25+lg 2-lg 0.1=________. 解析: 原式=12lg 52+lg 2-lg ⎝⎛⎭⎫11012=lg 5+lg 2-12lg 110 =lg 10-12×(-1)=1+12=32.答案: 3215.函数y =⎝⎛⎭⎫13|2-x |-m 的图象与x 轴有交点,则m 的取值范围为________. 解析: 由题意,知⎝⎛⎭⎫13|2-x |-m =0有解. 即m =⎝⎛⎭⎫13|2-x |,因为|2-x |≥0, 所以0<⎝⎛⎭⎫13|2-x |≤1.∴0<m ≤1. 答案: (0,1]16.设S 为实数集R 的非空子集.若对任意x ,y ∈S ,都有x +y ,x -y ,xy ∈S ,则称S 为封闭集,下列命题:①集合S ={a +b 3|a ,b 为整数}为封闭集; ②若S 为封闭集,则一定有0∈S ; ③封闭集一定是无限集;④若S 为封闭集,则满足S ⊆T ⊆R 的任意集合T 也是封闭集. 其中的真命题是________(写出所有真命题的序号).解析: 由于a +b 3形式的数的加,减、乘运算后的结果形式仍然是a +b 3形式,故①正确.0与S 中任一元素的加减乘运算后的结果仍然属于S .故②正确. 对于③,若集合S ={0},则S 封闭,且S 为有限集. 对于④,若集合S ={0},集合T ={0,1},则集合T 不封闭. 答案: ①②三、解答题(本大题共6小题,共74分.解答时应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤)17.(本小题满分12分)已知集合A={x|3≤x<7},B={x|2<x<10},C={x|x<a}.(1)求A∪B,(∁R A)∩B;(2)若A∩C≠∅,求a的取值范围.解析:(1)A∪B={x|2<x<10},∁R A={x|x<3或x≥7},∴(∁R A)∩B={x|2<x<3或7≤x<10}.(2)如下图.∴a>3.18.(本小题满分12分)设f(x)为定义在R上的偶函数,当0≤x≤2时,y=x;当x>2时,y=f(x)的图象是顶点为P(3,4)且过点A(2,2)的拋物线的一部分.(1)求函数f(x)在(-∞,-2)上的解析式;(2)在右图的直角坐标系中直接画出函数f(x)的图象.解析:(1)当x∈(2,+∞)时,设f(x)=a(x-3)2+4,∵f(x)图象过A(2,2),∴2=a(2-3)2+4,解得a=-2.∴f(x)=-2(x-3)2+4(x>2).当x∈(-∞,-2)时,-x∈(2,+∞),∴f(-x)=-2(-x-3)2+4=-2(x+3)2+4.∵f(x)为偶函数,∴f(-x)=f(x).∴f(x)=-2(x+3)2+4.(2)图象如图.19.(本小题满分12分)已知函数f (x )=x 2+1bx +c是奇函数,且f (1)=2. (1)求f (x )的解析式;(2)判断函数f (x )在(0,1)上的单调性.解析: (1)∵f (x )是奇函数,∴f (-x )=-f (x )即x 2+1-bx +c =-x 2+1bx +c, x 2+1-bx +c =x 2+1-bx -c比较系数得:c =-c ,∴c =0又∵f (1)=2,∴12+1b +1=2,b =1 ∴f (x )=x 2+1x ,即f (x )=x +1x. (2)任取x 1,x 2∈(0,1),且x 1<x 2则f (x 1)-f (x 2)=⎝⎛⎭⎫x 1+1x 1-⎝⎛⎭⎫x 2+1x 2 =(x 1-x 2)⎝⎛⎭⎫1-1x 1·x 2 ∵0<x 1<x 2<1.∴x 1-x 2<0,1-1x 1·x 2<0 ∴(x 1-x 2)⎝⎛⎭⎫1-1x 1x 2>0,即f (x 1)>f (x 2).f (x )在(0,1)上为减函数.20.(本小题满分12分)已知幂函数y =xm 2-2m -3(m ∈N *)的图象关于y 轴对称,且在(0,+∞)上是减函数,求满足(a +1)-m 3<(3-2a )-m 3的a 的取值范围.解析: 函数在(0,+∞)上单调递减,∴m 2-2m -3<0,解得-1<m <3.∵m ∈N *,∴m =1,2.而22-2×2-3=-3为奇数,12-2×1-3=-4为偶数;∴m =1.而y =x -13在(-∞,0),(0,+∞)上为减函数, ∴(a +1)-13<(3-2a )-13等价于 a +1>3-2a >0或0>a +1>3-2a ,或a +1<0<3-2a ,解得a <-1或23<a <32. 21.(本小题满分12分)某市有甲,乙两家乒乓球俱乐部,两家设备和服务都很好,但收费方式不同.甲家每张球台每小时5元;乙家按月计费,一个月中30小时以内(含30小时)每张球台90元,超过30小时的部分每张球台每小时2元.小张准备下个月从这两家中的一家租一张球台开展活动,其活动时间不少于15小时,但不超过40小时.设在甲家租一张球台开展活动x 小时的收费为f (x )元(15≤x ≤40),在乙家租一张球台开展活动x 小时的收费为g (x )元(15≤x ≤40).(1)求f (x )和g (x );(2)问:小张选择哪家比较合算?为什么?解析: (1)f (x )=5x (15≤x ≤40)g (x )=⎩⎨⎧ 90 (15≤x ≤30)2x +30 (30<x ≤40) (2)由f (x )=g (x )得⎩⎨⎧ 15≤x ≤305x =90或⎩⎨⎧30<x ≤405x =2x +30 即x =18或x =10(舍).当15≤x <18时,f (x )-g (x )=5x -90<0,∴f (x )<g (x ),即选甲家,当x =18时,f (x )=g (x ),即可以选甲家也可以选乙家.当18<x ≤30时,f (x )-g (x )=5x -90>0,∴f (x )>g (x ),即选乙家.当30<x ≤40时,f (x )-g (x )=5x -(2x +30)=3x -30>0,∴f (x )>g (x ),即选乙家.综上所述:当15≤x <18时,选甲家;当x =18时,可以选甲家也可以选乙家;当18<x ≤40时,选乙家.22.(本小题满分14分)已知f (x )=-x +log 21-x 1+x. (1)求f ⎝⎛⎭⎫12 011+f ⎝⎛⎭⎫-12 011的值;(2)当x ∈(-a ,a ](其中a ∈(-1,1),且a 为常数)时,f (x )是否存在最小值?如果存在,求出最小值;如果不存在,请说明理由.解析: (1)由题意得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ 1-x >01+x >0或⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧1-x <01+x <0解得:-1<x <1,∴f (x )的定义域为(-1,1),又f (-x )=-(-x )+log 21+x 1-x=-(-x +log 21-x 1+x)=-f (x ), ∴f (x )为奇函数,∴f ⎝⎛⎭⎫12 011+f ⎝⎛⎭⎫-12 011=0.(2)f (x )在(-a ,a ]上有最小值,设-1<x 1<x 2<1.则1-x 11+x 1-1-x 21+x 2=2(x 2-x 1)(1+x 1)(1+x 2). ∵-1<x 1<x 2<1,∴x 2-x 1>0,(1+x 1)(1+x 2)>0,∴1-x 11+x 1>1-x 21+x 2, ∴函数y =1-x 1+x在(-1,1)上是减函数, 从而得f (x )=-x +log 21-x 1+x在(-1,1)上也是减函数, 又a ∈(-1,1),∴当x ∈(-a ,a ]时,f (x )有最小值,且最小值为f (a )=-a +log 21-a 1+a.。

高中物理(新人教版)选择性必修一课后习题:第四章模块检测题(一)(课后习题)【含答案及解析】

高中物理(新人教版)选择性必修一课后习题:第四章模块检测题(一)(课后习题)【含答案及解析】

模块检测题(一)(时间:60分钟满分:100分)一、单项选择题(本题共7小题,每小题4分,共28分,每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求)1.(2021浙江绍兴诸暨中学高二期中)下列说法不符合两列波相遇时的情形的是()A.相遇之后,振幅小的一列波将减弱,振幅大的一列波将加强B.相遇之后,两列波的振动情况与相遇前完全相同C.在相遇区域,任一点的总位移等于两列波分别引起的位移的矢量和D.几个人在同一房间说话,相互间能分辨出来,是因为声波在相遇时互不干扰,每一列波引起的振动情况都保持不变,而质点的振动则是两列波共同作用的结果,选项A错误,选项B、C正确;几个人在同一房间说话,声音振动发出的声波在空间中相互叠加后,并不改变每列波的振幅、频率,所以声波传到人的耳朵后,仍能分辨出不同的人所说的话,故选项D正确。

本题选错误的选项,故选A。

2.(2020湖南边城高级中学高二开学考试)下列几种物理现象的解释中,正确的是()A.跳远时在沙坑里填沙,是为了减小冲量B.在推车时推不动是因为推力的冲量为零C.砸钉子时不用橡皮锤,只是因为橡皮锤太轻D.船舷常常悬挂旧轮胎,是为了延长作用时间,减小作用力,运动员动量变化量一定,受到的冲量一定,在沙坑里填沙,是为了延长力的作用时间,减小运动员受到的力,故A错误;在推车时推不动是因为推力小于最大静摩擦力,推力的冲量Ft不为零,故B错误;砸钉子时不用橡皮锤,是由于橡皮锤有弹性,作用时间长,根据动量定理Ft=Δp,产生的力小,故C错误;船舷常常悬挂旧轮胎,是因为轮胎能延长作用时间,减小作用力,故D正确。

3.如图所示为一显示薄膜干涉现象的实验装置,P是附有肥皂膜的铁丝圈,S是一点燃的酒精灯。

在图示的情况下()A.从肥皂薄膜的右面观察时,在薄膜上可看到水平条纹B.从肥皂薄膜的右面观察时,在薄膜上可看到竖直条纹C.从肥皂薄膜的左面观察时,在薄膜上可看到水平条纹D.从肥皂薄膜的左面观察时,在薄膜上可看到竖直条纹,所以应该从肥皂薄膜的右面观察;路程差(膜的厚度的两倍)是半波长的偶数倍时,振动加强,为亮条纹,路程差是半波长的奇数倍时,振动减弱,为暗条纹,肥皂薄膜越往下越厚,故条纹水平排列。

人教版高中物理必修一模块过关检测卷参考答案

人教版高中物理必修一模块过关检测卷参考答案

-1-人教版高中物理必修一模块过关检测卷一、1.B 点拨:做匀加速直线运动的物体,先后经过A 、B 两点时其速度分别为v 和7v 。

由运动学规律可知,经A 、B 中点时的速度222BA x v v v +=中=5v 。

从A 到B 所需时间的中间时刻的速度2A Bt v v v +=中=4v 。

前一半时间通过的距离452241vt t v v x =⋅+=,后一半时间所通过的距离41122742vtt v v x =⋅+=,所以后一半时间所通过的距离比前一半时间通过的距离多△x =x 2-x 1=32vt 。

2. C 点拨:自由落体运动是物体仅在重力作用下由静止开始的落体运动,加速度a=g ,故C 正确。

3.B 点拨:甲物体运动的x -t 图线为曲线,表示甲物体做变速直线运动,乙物体运动的x -t 图线为直线,表示乙物体做匀速直线运动。

x -t 图线中切线的斜率表示速度值,乙物体的初速度不为零,相遇时,甲的速度大于乙的速度。

在t 1时间内两物体的位移和时间相同,平均速度大小相等。

4.ABD 点拨:关于合力和分力的大小关系,当作为共点力的两个分力大小分别为F 1、F 2时,由平行四边形定则或三角形定则可知,代表两个分力和它们的合力的三个线段组成一个封闭三角形(特殊情况下三者共线)。

合力作为三角形的一个边,其大小F 一定在两个分力大小之和与大小之差之间,即|F 1-F 2|≤F ≤F 1+F 2。

可以举例说明:若F 1、F 2大小相等,当它们反向时合力为零,显然比F 1、F 2都小;当它们同向时合力为F 1+F 2,显然比F 1、F 2都大,所以A 、B 、D 正确。

若F 1、F 2都小于F 的一半,F 1+F 2就一定小于F ,这是不可能的,所以C 错误。

5.BC 点拨:当板的倾角θ逐渐增大时,物体始终保持静止,处于平衡状态,合力为零。

沿斜面方向,mgsin θ=f ,θ变大,摩擦力f ,变大。

故正解选项是BC 。

高一上学期必修一综合模块测试2

高一上学期必修一综合模块测试2

高一上学期必修一综合模块测试2第Ⅰ卷(选择题)一、选择题(本大题共12小题,每小题5分,共 60分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。

) 1.设集合},{b a A =,}1,0{=B ,则从A 到B 的映射共有 ( ) ( A ) 2 个 ( B ) 4个 ( C ) 6个 ( D ) 8个 2.对于任意实数a ,下列等式一定成立的是 ( )( A ) a a =33( B ) a a -=33( C ) a a =44( D ) a a-=443.如下图,当1>a 时,在同一坐标系中,函数xay -=与x y a log =的图象是 ( )4.已知全集R U =,}42|{1>=+x x A ,}1)1lg(|{<+=x x B ,则集合(A )B等于 ( ) ( A )}91|{<<x x ( B ) }9|{>x x ( C )}11|{<<-x x ( D )}11|{≤<-x x 5.当10<<x 时,则下列大小关系正确的是 ( ) ( A ) x x x33log 3<< ( B ) x x x33log 3<< ( C ) xx x 3log 33<< ( D ) 333log x x x<<6.已知函数)2(x f y =的定义域为)2,1(,则)(log 2x f y =的定义域为 ( ) ( A ) )1,0( ( B ) )2,1( ( C ) )4,2( ( D ) )16,4( 7.如果奇函数()f x 在区间[3,7]上是增函数且最小值是5,则()f x 在[7,3]--上是 ( ) ( A ) 增函数,最小值为5- ( B ) 增函数,最大值是5- ( C ) 减函数,最小值为5- ( D ) 减函数,最小值是5- 8.若偶函数)(x f 在[0,)x ∈+∞上的表达式为)1()(x x x f -=,则(,0]x ∈-∞时,()f x = ( )( A ) (1)x x -- ( B ) )1(x x - ( C ) (1)x x -+ ( D ) (1)x x +9.已知函数()3log 03 0x x x f x x >⎧=⎨≤⎩,则))91((f f 的值是 ( )(A )9 (B )91(C )9- (D )19-10.若函数23212+-=x x y 的定义域和值域都是[]b ,1,则实数b 的值为 ( )( A ) 2 ( B ) 3 ( C ) 4 ( D ) 5 11.已知不等式250ax x b -+>的解集为{|32}x x -<<,则不等式250bx x a -+>的 解集为 ( ) (A )11{|}32x x -<< (B )11{|}32x x x <->或 (C ){|32}x x -<< (D ){|32}x x x <->或12.若关于x 的方程043)4(9=+⋅++xx a 有实数解,则实数a 的取值范围是 ( ) (A ))4(∞+-, (B )()-∞-,4 (C ))8[∞+-, (D )]8(--∞,第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)二、填空题(本大题共4小题,每小题5分,共 20分。

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模块检测(时间:100分钟 满分:160分)一、填空题(本大题共14小题,每小题5分,共70分)1.若集合A ={x |x ≥3},B ={x |x <m }满足A ∪B =R ,A ∩B =∅,则实数m =________.解析 结合数轴知,当且仅当m =3时满足A ∪B =R ,A ∩B =∅. 答案 3答案 43.已知x -1+x =22,且x >1,则x -x -1的值为________.解析 由x -1+x =22平方得x -2+2+x 2=8,则x -2-2+x 2=4,∴(x -1-x )2=4,又∵x >1,∴x -x -1=2. 答案 24.函数y =log x (3-x )的定义域为________.解析 由⎩⎨⎧ 3-x >0x >0x ≠1得(0,1)∪(1,3).答案 (0,1)∪(1,3)5.函数f (x )=x 3+x +1(x ∈R ),若f (a )=2,则f (-a )的值为________. 解析 f (x )-1=x 3+x 为奇函数,又f (a )=2,∴f (a )-1=1,故f (-a )-1=-1,即f (-a )=0.答案 06.设P 和Q 是两个集合,定义集合P -Q ={x |x ∈P ,且x ∉Q },若P ={1,2,3,4},Q ={x |x +12<2,x ∈R },则P -Q =________.解析 由定义P -Q ={x |x ∈P ,且x ∉Q },求P -Q 可检验P ={1,2,3,4}中的元素在不在Q ={x |x +12<2,x ∈R }中,所有在P 中不在Q 中的元素即为P -Q 中的元素,故P -Q ={4}.答案 {4}7.若函数y =12x 2-x +32的定义域和值域都为[1,b ],则b 的值为________.解析 由二次函数图象知:12b 2-b +32=b ,得b =1或b =3,又因为b >1,所以b =3.答案 38.为了保证信息安全传输必须使用加密方式,有一种方式其加密、解密原理如下:明文――→加密密文――→发送密文―→明文已知加密为y =a x -2(x 为明文、y 为密文),如果明文“3”通过加密后得到密文为“6”,再发送,接受方通过解密得到明文“3”,若接受方接到密文为“14”,则原发的明文是________.解析 由已知,当x =3时y =6,所以a 3-2=6,解得a =2;∴y =2x -2;当y =14时,有2x -2=14,解得x =4.答案 “4”9.方程2-x +x 2=3的实数解的个数为________.解析 画出函数y =2-x 与y =3-x 2的图象,它们有两个交点,故方程2-x +x 2=3的实数解的个数为2个.答案 2答案 a >1或-1<a <011.若函数y =x 2-2x +3在闭区间[0,m ]上有最大值3,最小值2;则m 的取值集合为________.解析 由y =x 2-2x +3即y =(x -1)2+2,结合图象分析知m 的取值范围为[1,2]时,能使得函数取到最大值3和最小值2.答案 [1,2]12.y =f (x )在(0,2)上是增函数,y =f (x +2)是偶函数,则f (1),f (52),f (72)的大小关系是________.解析 结合图象分析知:y =f (x )的图象是由y =f (x +2)的图象向右平移两个单位而得到的;而y =f (x +2)是偶函数,即y =f (x +2)的图象关于y 轴对称,所以y =f (x )的图象关于x =2对称,画出图象可以得到f (72)<f (1)<f (52).答案 f (72)<f (1)<f (52)13.如果函数f (x )满足f (n 2)=f (n )+2,n ≥2,且f (2)=1,那么f (256)=________. 解析 f (256)=f (162)=f (16)+2=f (42)+2=f (4)+4=f (22)+4=f (2)+6=1+6=7.答案 714.已知定义在R 上的奇函数f (x )和偶函数g (x )满足f (x )+g (x )=a x -a -x +2(a >0且a ≠1),若g (2)=a ,则f (2)=________.解析 由条件f (2)+g (2)=a 2-a -2+2,f (-2)+g (-2)=a -2-a 2+2,即-f (2)+g (2)=a -2-a 2+2,由此解得g (2)=2,f (2)=a 2-a -2,所以a =2,f (2)=22-2-2=154.答案 154二、解答题(本大题共6小题,共90分)15.(本小题满分14分)设集合A ={x |x 2-3x +2=0},B ={x |x 2+2(a +1)x +(a 2-5)=0}.(1)若A ∩B ={2},求实数a 的值;(2)若B ⊆A ,求实数a 的取值范围.解 由x 2-3x +2=0得x =1或x =2,故集合A ={1,2}.(1)∵A ∩B ={2},∴2∈B ,代入B 中方程得a 2+4a +3=0,∴a =-1或a =-3.当a =-1时,B ={x |x 2-4=0}={-2,2},满足条件;当a =-3时,B ={x |x 2-4x +4=0}={2},满足条件.综上可知,a 的值为-1或-3.(2)对于集合B ,Δ=4(a +1)2-4(a 2-5)=8(a +3).∵B ⊆A ,①当Δ<0,即a <-3时,B =∅,符合题意;②当Δ=0,即a =-3时,B ={2},符合题意;③当Δ>0,即a >-3时,B =A ={1,2},由根与系数的关系得⎩⎨⎧ 1+2=-2(a +1),1×2=a 2-5.即⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ a =-52,a 2=7,∴a ∈∅.综上可知,a 的取值范围是a ≤-3.16.(本小题满分14分)试讨论关于x 的方程|3x -1|=k 的解的个数.解 设f (x )=|3x -1|,则关于x 的方程|3x -1|=k 的解的个数可转化为观察函数f (x )的图象与直线y =k 的交点个数;而函数f (x )=|3x -1|=⎩⎨⎧3x -1,(x ≥0)1-3x ,(x <0),由函数y =3x 的图象通过图象变换易作出函数f (x )的图象,如下图所示:直线y =k 是与x 轴平行或重合的直线,观察上图知:当k <0时,直线y =k 与f (x )的图象没有交点,故方程|3x -1|=k 的解的个数为0个;当k =0时,直线y =k 与f (x )的图象有1个交点,故方程|3x -1|=k 的解的个当0<k <1时,y =k 与f (x )的图象有2个交点,故方程|3x -1|=k 的解的个数为2个;当k ≥1时,直线y =k 与f (x )的图象有1个交点,故方程|3x -1|=k 的解的个数为1个.17.(本小题满分14分)若奇函数f (x )在定义域(-1,1)上是减函数,(1)求满足f (1-a )+f (-a )<0的a 的取值集合M ;(2)对于(1)中的a ,求函数F (x )=log a [1-(1a )2-x ]的定义域.解 (1)不等式f (1-a )+f (-a )<0可化为f (1-a )<-f (-a ),而f (x )为奇函数,∴f (1-a )<f (a ),又f (x )在定义域(-1,1)上是减函数, ∴⎩⎨⎧ -1<1-a <1,-1<-a <1,1-a >a ,解得0<a <12,∴M ={a |0<a <12}.(2)为使F (x )=log a [1-(1a )2-x ]有意义,必须1-(1a )2-x >0,即(1a)2-x <1.由0<a <12得1a >2,∴2-x <0,∴x >2.∴函数的定义域为{x |x >2}.18.(本小题满分16分)经市场调查,某超市的一种小商品在过去的近20天内的销售量(件)与价格(元)均为时间t (天)的函数,且销售量近似满足g (t )=80-2t (件),价格近似满足f (t )=20-12|t -10|(元).(1)试写出该种商品的日销售额y 与时间t (0≤t ≤20)的函数表达式;(2)求该种商品的日销售额y 的最大值与最小值.解 (1)y =g (t )·f (t )=(80-2t )·(20-12|t -10|)=(40-t )(40-|t -10|)=⎩⎨⎧(30+t )(40-t ),(0≤t <10),(40-t )(50-t ),(10≤t ≤20).(2)当0≤t <10时,y 的取值范围是[1 200,1 225],在t =5时,y 取得最大值当10≤t ≤20时,y 的取值范围是[600,1 200],在t =20时,y 取得最小值为600.∴第5天,日销售额y 取得最大,为1 225元;第20天,日销售额y 取得最小,为600元.答:日销售额y 最大为1225元;最小为600元.19.(本小题满分16分)已知函数f (x )=x 2-2ax +5(a >1).(1)若f (x )的定义域和值域均是[1,a ],求实数a 的值;(2)若f (x )在区间(-∞,2]上是减函数,试求x ∈[1,a +1]时函数f (x )的最值. 解 (1)∵f (x )=(x -a )2+5-a 2(a >1),∴f (x )在[1,a ]上是减函数,又定义域和值域均为[1,a ],∴⎩⎨⎧ f (1)=a ,f (a )=1,即⎩⎨⎧1-2a +5=a a 2-2a 2+5=1,解得a =2. (2)∵f (x )在区间(-∞,2]上是减函数,∴a ≥2,∴(a +1)-a ≤a -1; 又x =a ∈[1,a +1],且(a +1)-a ≤a -1,∴结合函数f (x )的图象得x ∈[1,a +1]时,函数f (x )的最值为:f (x )max =f (1)=6-2a ,f (x )min =f (a )=5-a 2.20.(本小题满分16分)已知函数f (x )的定义域是(0,+∞),当x >1时,f (x )<0,且f (x ·y )=f (x )+f (y ).(1)证明:f (x )在定义域上是减函数;(2)如果f (33)=1,求满足不等式f (x )-f (x -2)≥-2的x 的取值范围.(1)证明 任取x 1,x 2∈(0,+∞),且x 1<x 2,则x 2x 1>1, ∴f (x 2x 1)<0. 又f (x ·y )=f (x )+f (y ),∴f (x 1)+f (x 2x 1)=f (x 2), ∴f (x 2)-f (x 1)=f (x 2x 1)<0,∴f (x 2)<f (x 1), ∴f (x )在定义域内是减函数.(2)解 由已知f (x ·y )=f (x )+f (y ),得2f (33)=f (33)+f (33)=f (13)=2.∴f (x )-f (x -2)≥-2即为f (x )+2=f (x )+f (13)=f (x 3)≥f (x -2),∵f (x )在定义域内是减函数,∴⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ x 3≤x -2,x >0,x -2>0,∴x ≥3. ∴满足题意的x 的取值范围是[3,+∞).。

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