直接引语如何变间接引语

直接引语如何变间接引语

众所周知直接引语变间接引语是初中阶段很重要的语法点之一，那么怎样才能牢固掌握它呢？现将直接引语变间接引语时的规则总结如下：

1、时态变化

直接引语变为间接引语时，如果主句的谓语是现在时态，从句的时态用原来的时态；若主句

为过去时态，变为间接引语的宾语从句通常要变为相对应的过去时态，即一般现在时变为一

般过去时，一般将来时变为过去将来时，现在进行时变为过去进行时，现在完成时变为过去

完成时，一般过去时也变为过去完成时等等，(若直接引语为过去完成时，变为间接引语可以

不变)。另外，若直接引语中有情态动词can, may等，也应变成过去式could, might等(情态动

词must可以变为had to，也可不变，should, ought to, had better 等可以不变)如：

“I like to play games.” she said. → She said that she liked to play games.

“It will rain soon,” he said. → He said that it would rain soon.

注：若直接引语为客观真理，人或事物所惯有的特征时变为间接引语时时态不变。如：

The teacher said, “The earth turns around the sun.”→ The teacher said that the earth turns around the sun.

2、代词的变化

直接引语变为间接引语时人称变化要根据说者、听者或第三者作出相应的变化，同时指示代词、物主代词、反身代词等也要根据具体情况作出相应的变化。（this改为that, these改为those等）如：

He said, “You are wrong.” → He said that he was wrong.

He said, “I think this is the best.” → H e said that he thought that was the best.

3、时间状语的变化

直接引语变间接引语时，如果主句的主语是一般过去时，从句的时间状语要作出适当的改变。其规则是：now 改为 then, today 改为that day, tonight改为that night，yesterday改为the day before，this month改为that month，last week改为the week before，ago 改为before，three years ago改为three years before, tomorrow改为the next day, next year改为the next year等。如：

He said, “I’m very busy now.” → He said that he was very busy then.

Lucy said, “I will go to Beijing next year.” → Lucy said that she would go to Beijing the next year.

4、地点状语和动词的变化

直接引语变间接引语时，引语中的地点副词here 和动词come 改为 there和go。如：

She said, “I will come here tonight.” → She said that she would go there that night.

5、语序的变化

直接引语变间接引语时，疑问句语序要变为陈述句语序，问号变句号，并且直接引语中的一般疑问句不能用that 来引导，而要用if或whether，特殊疑问句仍用原疑问词来作连接词。如：

He asked, “Do you know this man?” → He asked if /whether I knew that man.

She asked, “What are you doing now?” → She asked what you were doing then.

6、句式的变化

直接引语为祈使句，变为间接引语时，要使用ask/ tell/ order/ advice sb (not) to do sth句式, 若祈使句中没有呼语，应根据句意给动词 ask, tell, order 等补上适当的宾语。如：

He said , “ Don’t go to bed too late.” →He asked me not to go to bed too late.