上外课件：Unit 12_A (第六册,英语综合教程,外教社)
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• dubious (adj.) open to doubt or suspicion; not convinced • The police raided the club and arrested several dubious characters警察袭击了俱乐部并且逮捕
了几个可疑的人。
Paragraph 2
The workers' movement poses a direct threat to their interests工人运动对他们的利益造成了直接威胁。 After the wedding we all posed for a photograph.婚礼之后
• • •
，我们全体排好拍了一张照片。
但更爱他的家庭。
• incontestable (adj.) not open to question; obviously true • But those justifications have an incontestable value in their own day.但是这些辩解在当时却具有
The great photographer posed them in front of a row of tenement.摄影大师让他们在一排公寓房面前摆好姿
势。
incontestably
• unquestionably, undoutedly • He is incontestably fond of his country, yet preferring his family;他不容置辩地爱他的祖国，
他和球队现在所希望的就是维持目前的良 好状态。
France has the unique status in the space technology development.法国在航天技术发展中具有独
特的地位。
pose
• v. 1. introduce; 2. pretend to be someone you are not; sometimes with fraudulent intentions; 3. behave affectedly or unnaturally in order to impress others;
农田。
• Try not to submerge the child's hands in the soapy water.It will harm the skin.尽量别把孩子的手浸在
肥皂水里，那样会伤皮肤的。
articulate
• v.1. provide with a joint; 2. put into words or an expression; 3. speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way; 4. express or state clearly • Be careful to articulate your words so that everyone in the room can understand you.小心使你的话发
Unit 12 If Black English isn't a Language, Then Tell Me, What Is?
Text Explanation Part IAbout tFra biblioteke Author
James Baldwin (1924-1987)American novelist, writer, playwright, poet, essayist and civil rights activist. Most of Baldwin's work deals with racial and sexual issues in the mid20th century in the United States. His novels are notable for the personal way in which they explore questions of identity as well as the way in which they mine complex social and psychological pressures related to being black and homosexual well before the social, cultural or political equality of these groups was improved
能传送能量。
• Variations in place and circumstance also can make a difference.地域和环境的改变也会造成影响
submerge
• v. 1. sink below the surface; go under or as if under water; 2. cover completely or make imperceptible; 3. put under water; 4. fill or cover completely, usually with water • The whole village and the fields have been submerged by floods.洪水已淹没了整个村庄和
Text Analysis
• The central theme of this essay is the political significance of black English which is part of the continuous struggle between the blacks and whites. The author discusses this political-linguistic issue from the origin of black English, its history and present roles in an attempt to justify its legitimacy and to assert the identity of its users. This justification poses a serious challenge to the biased white American's linguisitc criteria.
• People evolve a language in order to describe and thus control their circumstances, or in order not to be submerged by a reality that they cannot articulate. • A Frenchman ... , to say nothing of the man from Senegal --- although the "common language of all these areas is French. • But each has paid, and is paying, a different price for this common language, in which, as it turns out, they are not saying, and cannot be saying, the same things...
circumstance
• n. 1. a condition that accompanies or influences some event or activity; 2. the set of facts that surround a situation or event; 3. information that should be kept in mind when making a decision; 4. formal ceremony about important occasions • I don't think electrons can transfer energy in any circumstance.我认为电子并非在任何情况下都
必要的意义。
dubiously
• in a questionable or doubtful manner • The demon caught the gift and studied it dubiously.
魔鬼拿住了礼物，又半信半疑地看了看它。 • The courier shook his head dubiously.这位信差疑 惑地摇摇头。
evolve
• 1. work out; 2. undergo development • The Chinese political system has evolved over a long period of time.中国的政治制度是长期发展形成 的。 • To evolve is to surrender choices.进化，就是对选 择的屈从。 • evolution (n.) a process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage (especially a more advanced or mature stage)
Paragraph 1
• The argument concerning the use, or the status, or the reality, of black English is rooted in American history and has absolutely nothing to do with the question (that) the argument supposes itself to be posing. The argument has nothing to do with language itself but with the role of language. Language, incontestably, reveals the speaker. Language, also, far more dubiously, is meant to define the other --- and, in this case, the other is refusing to be defined by a language that has never been able to recognize him.
音清晰，使室内每人都能听懂。
• The pupil articulated each word carefully.这名学生
把每个词的音都发得很清楚。 • He is an articulate speaker.他是发音清晰的演讲 者。
subtly
• adv.in a subtle manner • These events were all subtly linked together .这些事件都被
status
n. 1. the relative position or standing of things or especially persons in a society; 2. a state at a particular time All he and the team want is to maintain the status quo.
Text Structure
• • • • • • Section 1: Paragraph 1 Section 2: Paragraphs 2-4 Section 3: Paragraphs 5-8 Section 4: Paragraphs 9-10 Section 5: Paragraph 11 Section 6: Paragraph 12
了几个可疑的人。
Paragraph 2
The workers' movement poses a direct threat to their interests工人运动对他们的利益造成了直接威胁。 After the wedding we all posed for a photograph.婚礼之后
• • •
，我们全体排好拍了一张照片。
但更爱他的家庭。
• incontestable (adj.) not open to question; obviously true • But those justifications have an incontestable value in their own day.但是这些辩解在当时却具有
The great photographer posed them in front of a row of tenement.摄影大师让他们在一排公寓房面前摆好姿
势。
incontestably
• unquestionably, undoutedly • He is incontestably fond of his country, yet preferring his family;他不容置辩地爱他的祖国，
他和球队现在所希望的就是维持目前的良 好状态。
France has the unique status in the space technology development.法国在航天技术发展中具有独
特的地位。
pose
• v. 1. introduce; 2. pretend to be someone you are not; sometimes with fraudulent intentions; 3. behave affectedly or unnaturally in order to impress others;
农田。
• Try not to submerge the child's hands in the soapy water.It will harm the skin.尽量别把孩子的手浸在
肥皂水里，那样会伤皮肤的。
articulate
• v.1. provide with a joint; 2. put into words or an expression; 3. speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way; 4. express or state clearly • Be careful to articulate your words so that everyone in the room can understand you.小心使你的话发
Unit 12 If Black English isn't a Language, Then Tell Me, What Is?
Text Explanation Part IAbout tFra biblioteke Author
James Baldwin (1924-1987)American novelist, writer, playwright, poet, essayist and civil rights activist. Most of Baldwin's work deals with racial and sexual issues in the mid20th century in the United States. His novels are notable for the personal way in which they explore questions of identity as well as the way in which they mine complex social and psychological pressures related to being black and homosexual well before the social, cultural or political equality of these groups was improved
能传送能量。
• Variations in place and circumstance also can make a difference.地域和环境的改变也会造成影响
submerge
• v. 1. sink below the surface; go under or as if under water; 2. cover completely or make imperceptible; 3. put under water; 4. fill or cover completely, usually with water • The whole village and the fields have been submerged by floods.洪水已淹没了整个村庄和
Text Analysis
• The central theme of this essay is the political significance of black English which is part of the continuous struggle between the blacks and whites. The author discusses this political-linguistic issue from the origin of black English, its history and present roles in an attempt to justify its legitimacy and to assert the identity of its users. This justification poses a serious challenge to the biased white American's linguisitc criteria.
• People evolve a language in order to describe and thus control their circumstances, or in order not to be submerged by a reality that they cannot articulate. • A Frenchman ... , to say nothing of the man from Senegal --- although the "common language of all these areas is French. • But each has paid, and is paying, a different price for this common language, in which, as it turns out, they are not saying, and cannot be saying, the same things...
circumstance
• n. 1. a condition that accompanies or influences some event or activity; 2. the set of facts that surround a situation or event; 3. information that should be kept in mind when making a decision; 4. formal ceremony about important occasions • I don't think electrons can transfer energy in any circumstance.我认为电子并非在任何情况下都
必要的意义。
dubiously
• in a questionable or doubtful manner • The demon caught the gift and studied it dubiously.
魔鬼拿住了礼物，又半信半疑地看了看它。 • The courier shook his head dubiously.这位信差疑 惑地摇摇头。
evolve
• 1. work out; 2. undergo development • The Chinese political system has evolved over a long period of time.中国的政治制度是长期发展形成 的。 • To evolve is to surrender choices.进化，就是对选 择的屈从。 • evolution (n.) a process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage (especially a more advanced or mature stage)
Paragraph 1
• The argument concerning the use, or the status, or the reality, of black English is rooted in American history and has absolutely nothing to do with the question (that) the argument supposes itself to be posing. The argument has nothing to do with language itself but with the role of language. Language, incontestably, reveals the speaker. Language, also, far more dubiously, is meant to define the other --- and, in this case, the other is refusing to be defined by a language that has never been able to recognize him.
音清晰，使室内每人都能听懂。
• The pupil articulated each word carefully.这名学生
把每个词的音都发得很清楚。 • He is an articulate speaker.他是发音清晰的演讲 者。
subtly
• adv.in a subtle manner • These events were all subtly linked together .这些事件都被
status
n. 1. the relative position or standing of things or especially persons in a society; 2. a state at a particular time All he and the team want is to maintain the status quo.
Text Structure
• • • • • • Section 1: Paragraph 1 Section 2: Paragraphs 2-4 Section 3: Paragraphs 5-8 Section 4: Paragraphs 9-10 Section 5: Paragraph 11 Section 6: Paragraph 12