重症患者的肠道微生态
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1.Phylogenetic profiles of human gut microbiome
16S rRNA基因测序分析
Functional composition differs between enterotyps
普氏菌属(Prevotella)水解酶 专门分解植物纤维,可以导致脂 肪和蛋白的分解发酵能力下降;
Conclusions and Perspectives
• 1. 人类肠道共生菌主要有三大类:Bacteroides(拟杆菌),Prevotella(普 氏菌),Firmicutes(厚壁菌) • 2. 人类肠道共生菌具有相对稳定性,各类之间功能不同,可受饮食、国别 、年龄等影响而存在变化 • 3、肠道微生态对碳水化合物、氨基酸、脂类代谢 以及维生素、激素的产 生、外源性致病原抵抗、免疫调节具有重要作用 • 4、重症疾病状态对肠道共生菌的种类和数量比例均产生明显影响 • 5、基于肠道微生物的治疗措施,包括益生元、合生元及FMT,但其效果仍 需大规模循证医学研究证实
• 纳入30项随机对照研究,2972例患者 • 1980-2016
Fecal microbial transplantation in critical illness
• With the loss of more than 90% of the commensal organisms that occurs within the first 6 hours of the insult of critical illness
• Recent evidence suggests that the refined formulas used in enteral feeding are absorbed almost in their entirety in the proximal small bowel, creating a relative nutrient deprivation at the site of the greatest microbial burden in the proximal colon
• 39例患者序贯接受WWB(white wheat flour bread)和BKB (barley kernel based bread)饮食三天
4.Potential disruptors of the microbiota in the ICU
Ecological effects of critical illness on the gut microbiome
T辅助细胞17(TH17)
Nature Reviews Immunology ;2013(13):321–335
Nature Reviews Immunology ;2013(13):321–335
Direct and indirect resistance of the microbiota to enteric pathogens
• with Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Prevotella as dominant phyla
2.Role of human gut microbiome
• metabolism of carbohydrates,amino acid,lipid • production of vitamins and hormones • protection against enteric and systemic pathogens • immunomodulatory properties
• 一项前瞻性、随机、对照、双盲、非劣效性研究 • 纳入 Reccurrent Clostridium difficile 患者 • 2012年6月-2014年9月 加拿大, 6 所医院 • 随机分为2组:分别接受冰冻(108例)、新鲜(111例)的FMT
Clinical use of FMT in other critical illness
Ecological effects of critical illness on the gut microbiome
• 一项前瞻性、观察性、队列研究 • 34例重症患者,15例健康对照组 • 比较粪便中微生物种类的差异 • 检测粪便中16S rRNA gene
• 前瞻性、观察性、多中心、队列研究 • 115例 机械通气患者 • 美国、加拿大 4个ICU中心 • 收集 入 ICU 48hour,出院时或入ICU 10days 粪便
重症患者的肠道微生态
暨南大学医学院附属广州红十字会医院 重症医学科 尹海燕
Contents
1. Phylogenetic profiles of human gut microbiome 2. Role of human gut microbiome 3. Dietary constituents and diseases influence enterotypes 4.Ecological effects of critical illness on the gut microbiome 5. Manipulating the microbiome for patients in the ICU
• 一项前瞻性、随机、对照研究 • 纳入 Reccurrent Clostridium difficile 患者 • 分为三组 • 组1:Vancomycin 500mg po qid, 4 days +bowel lavage + FMT • 组2:Vancomycin 500mg po qid, 14 days • 组3:Vancomycin 500mg po qid, 14 days+bowel lavage
Metabolism
• 将lean donors肠 道微生物移植给存在 代谢综合征的男性患 者,观察6个月后胰 岛素敏感性变化
Pathogens
Immunomodulatory
TH17细胞:自身免疫类疾病 Nature Reviews Immunology ;2013(13):321–335
Gut microbiota affects extra-intestinal autoimmune diseases
人类肠道基因组工程
Stability of enterotypes
Phylogenetic profiles of human gut microbiome
Phylogenetic profiles of human gut microbiome
• The most densely populated habitat is the gut, with an estimated 0.15 kg of microbial biomass • 10-fold more cells than its human host
胰岛衍生蛋白3γ(REGIIIγ)
Nature Reviews Immunology ;2013(13):321–335
3.Dietary constituents and Diseases influence enterotyps
Dietary constituents and Diseases influence enterotyps
Thank you!
ET B群落结构与富含动物蛋白和 饱和脂肪酸饮食相关,并且具有 拟杆菌(Bacteroides)特异的碳 水化合物酶
Phylogenetic profiles of human gut microbiome
Enterotypes differs significantly among countries
mSphere 2016; 1:e00199–16
mSphere 2016; 1:e00199–16
5.Manipulating the microbiome for patients in the ICU
• Microbiome-based therapies can be categorized into three groups: • probiotics • synbiotics • FMT • SDD
1.Phylogenetic profiles of human gut microbiome
16S rRNA基因测序分析
Functional composition differs between enterotyps
普氏菌属(Prevotella)水解酶 专门分解植物纤维,可以导致脂 肪和蛋白的分解发酵能力下降;
Conclusions and Perspectives
• 1. 人类肠道共生菌主要有三大类:Bacteroides(拟杆菌),Prevotella(普 氏菌),Firmicutes(厚壁菌) • 2. 人类肠道共生菌具有相对稳定性,各类之间功能不同,可受饮食、国别 、年龄等影响而存在变化 • 3、肠道微生态对碳水化合物、氨基酸、脂类代谢 以及维生素、激素的产 生、外源性致病原抵抗、免疫调节具有重要作用 • 4、重症疾病状态对肠道共生菌的种类和数量比例均产生明显影响 • 5、基于肠道微生物的治疗措施,包括益生元、合生元及FMT,但其效果仍 需大规模循证医学研究证实
• 纳入30项随机对照研究,2972例患者 • 1980-2016
Fecal microbial transplantation in critical illness
• With the loss of more than 90% of the commensal organisms that occurs within the first 6 hours of the insult of critical illness
• Recent evidence suggests that the refined formulas used in enteral feeding are absorbed almost in their entirety in the proximal small bowel, creating a relative nutrient deprivation at the site of the greatest microbial burden in the proximal colon
• 39例患者序贯接受WWB(white wheat flour bread)和BKB (barley kernel based bread)饮食三天
4.Potential disruptors of the microbiota in the ICU
Ecological effects of critical illness on the gut microbiome
T辅助细胞17(TH17)
Nature Reviews Immunology ;2013(13):321–335
Nature Reviews Immunology ;2013(13):321–335
Direct and indirect resistance of the microbiota to enteric pathogens
• with Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Prevotella as dominant phyla
2.Role of human gut microbiome
• metabolism of carbohydrates,amino acid,lipid • production of vitamins and hormones • protection against enteric and systemic pathogens • immunomodulatory properties
• 一项前瞻性、随机、对照、双盲、非劣效性研究 • 纳入 Reccurrent Clostridium difficile 患者 • 2012年6月-2014年9月 加拿大, 6 所医院 • 随机分为2组:分别接受冰冻(108例)、新鲜(111例)的FMT
Clinical use of FMT in other critical illness
Ecological effects of critical illness on the gut microbiome
• 一项前瞻性、观察性、队列研究 • 34例重症患者,15例健康对照组 • 比较粪便中微生物种类的差异 • 检测粪便中16S rRNA gene
• 前瞻性、观察性、多中心、队列研究 • 115例 机械通气患者 • 美国、加拿大 4个ICU中心 • 收集 入 ICU 48hour,出院时或入ICU 10days 粪便
重症患者的肠道微生态
暨南大学医学院附属广州红十字会医院 重症医学科 尹海燕
Contents
1. Phylogenetic profiles of human gut microbiome 2. Role of human gut microbiome 3. Dietary constituents and diseases influence enterotypes 4.Ecological effects of critical illness on the gut microbiome 5. Manipulating the microbiome for patients in the ICU
• 一项前瞻性、随机、对照研究 • 纳入 Reccurrent Clostridium difficile 患者 • 分为三组 • 组1:Vancomycin 500mg po qid, 4 days +bowel lavage + FMT • 组2:Vancomycin 500mg po qid, 14 days • 组3:Vancomycin 500mg po qid, 14 days+bowel lavage
Metabolism
• 将lean donors肠 道微生物移植给存在 代谢综合征的男性患 者,观察6个月后胰 岛素敏感性变化
Pathogens
Immunomodulatory
TH17细胞:自身免疫类疾病 Nature Reviews Immunology ;2013(13):321–335
Gut microbiota affects extra-intestinal autoimmune diseases
人类肠道基因组工程
Stability of enterotypes
Phylogenetic profiles of human gut microbiome
Phylogenetic profiles of human gut microbiome
• The most densely populated habitat is the gut, with an estimated 0.15 kg of microbial biomass • 10-fold more cells than its human host
胰岛衍生蛋白3γ(REGIIIγ)
Nature Reviews Immunology ;2013(13):321–335
3.Dietary constituents and Diseases influence enterotyps
Dietary constituents and Diseases influence enterotyps
Thank you!
ET B群落结构与富含动物蛋白和 饱和脂肪酸饮食相关,并且具有 拟杆菌(Bacteroides)特异的碳 水化合物酶
Phylogenetic profiles of human gut microbiome
Enterotypes differs significantly among countries
mSphere 2016; 1:e00199–16
mSphere 2016; 1:e00199–16
5.Manipulating the microbiome for patients in the ICU
• Microbiome-based therapies can be categorized into three groups: • probiotics • synbiotics • FMT • SDD