(完整)英语各种时态的概念和句型结构

英语各种时态的概念和句型结构
一、一般现在时
１、概念：表示经常性、习惯性的动作。

２、句型结构
（１)be(am，is，are）动词
陈述肯定句：主语+be(am,is，are)+其它。

陈述否定句:主语+be（am,is，are）+not+其它。

一般疑问句：Be(am,is,are)+主语+其它？
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？Who are they？
反意疑问句:肯定陈述句+be(am,is,are）+not+主语（相应的代词）? Tom is a doctor, isn’t he？
否定陈述句，+be（am，is,are)+主语（相应的代词）？
Tom isn't a doctor , is he？
(２）实义动词
陈述肯定句：其他人称：主语+v.原形+其它.
We go to the beach every Sunday.
第三人称单数：主语+v。

s+其它.
Sally does her homework every day。

陈述否定句：其他人称:主语+don’t+v。

原形+其它。

We don’t go to the beach every Sunday.
第三人称单数:主语+does n’t+v。

原形+其它。

Sally doesn’t do her homework every day.
一般疑问句：其他人称：Do+主语+v.原形+其它？
Do we go to the beach every Sunday?第三人称单数：Does+主语+v。

原形+其它？
Does Sally do her homework every day？
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？
其他人称：Where do you go every Sunday?
第三人称单数：What does Sally do every day?
反意疑问句：肯定陈述句，+don't/doesn’t+主语(相应的代词）？
其他人称:We go to the beach every Sunday，don’t we？
第三人称单数:Sally does her homework every day, doesn't she?
否定陈述句，+do/does+主语（相应的代词）？
其他人称：We don't go to the beach every Sunday ， do we？
第三人称单数：Sally doesn’t do her homework every day ， does she？
二、一般过去时
１、概念：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。

２、句型结构
（１）be(was，were)动词
陈述肯定句:主语+be（was，were）+其它。

I was at home yesterday。

陈述否定句：主语+be(was,were)+not+其它．
．I wasn't at home yesterday.
一般疑问句：Be(was，were)+主语+其它？
Were you at home yesterday?
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？
Where were you yesterday？
反意疑问句：肯定陈述句，+wasn’t/weren't+主语（相应的代词)？
Mary was at school yesterday ，wasn’t she？
否定陈述句，+was/were+主语（相应的代词）？
Mary wasn’t at school yesterday , was she?
（２)实义动词（实义动词的过去式没有人称和数的变化）
陈述肯定句:主语+v。

过去式+其它。

They had a meeting last Monday。

陈述否定句:主语+didn’t+v.原形+其它。

They didn't have a meeting last Monday.
一般疑问句:Did+主语+v.原形+其它？
Did they have a meeting last Monday?
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句?
When did they have a meeting?
反意疑问句：肯定陈述句，+didn’t+主语（相应的代词）？
They had a meeting last Monday ,didn’t they?
否定陈述句，+did+主语（相应的代词）？
They didn' t have a meeting last Monday ，did they？
三、现在进行时
１、概念:表示正在发生的动作，也可以用来表示按计划或安排将要进行的动作，有“意图"或“打算”等含义。

２、构成：be(am,is,are）+v。

ing
３、句型结构
陈述肯定句:主语+be(am，is，are）+v.ing+其它.
Mike is listening to music。

陈述否定句：主语+be(am,is，are）+not+v.ing+其它。

Mike isn't listening to music。

一般疑问句：Be(am,is,are)+主语+v。

ing+其它？IsMikelisteningtomusic？
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？
Whoislisteningtomusic？
反意疑问句：肯定陈述句,+be(am，is,are)+not+主语（相应的代词）？Mikeislisteningtomusic，isn’the？
否定陈述句,+be（am，is,are）+主语（相应的代词）？
Mike is n’t listening to music ,is he？
四、过去进行时
１、概念：表示在过去某一特定的时刻或某一段时间正在发生的动作。

２、构成:be（was,were)+v.ing
３、句型结构
陈述肯定句：主语+be（was,were）+v.ing+其它。

They were working this time yesterday.
陈述否定句：主语+be(was，were）+not+v。

ing+其它。

They weren’t working this time yesterday.
一般疑问句：Be（was,were）+主语+v.ing+其它？
Were they working this time yesterday?
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句?
What were they doing this time yesterday?
反意疑问句:肯定陈述句，+wasn’t/weren't+主语(相应的代词）？They were working this time yesterday ，weren’t they？
否定陈述句,+was/were+主语（相应的代词）？
They weren’t working this time yesterday ，were they?
五、一般将来时
１、概念：表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。

２、构成:will（用于所有人称）／shall(只用于第一人称)+v.原形
３、句型结构
陈述肯定句：主语+will+v.原形+其它。

Tina will buy a new pen next month.
陈述否定句：主语+won’t+v。

原形+其它。

Tina won' t buy a new pen next month。

一般疑问句：Will+主语+v。

原形+其它？
Will Tina buy a new pen next month？
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？
When will Tina buy a new pen？
反意疑问句：肯定陈述句，+won't+主语（相应的代词)？
Tina will buy a new pen next month ,won’t she?
否定陈述句,+will+主语（相应的代词）？
Tina won’t buy a new pen next month ，will she？
begoingto+v.原形
１、概念：begoingto+v.原形表示将要发生的事或打算、计划、决定要做的事情。

２、构成：begoingto+v。

原形
３、句型结构
陈述肯定句：主语+be going to+v。

原形+其它.Tony is going to be a doctor when he grows up。

陈述否定句：主语+be+not+goingto+v.原形+其它。

Tony isn't going to be a doctor when he grows up.
一般疑问句:Be+主语+goingto+v.原形+其它？
Is Tony going to be a doctor when he grows up?
特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句？WhatisTonygoingtobewhenhegrowsup?
反意疑问句：肯定陈述句，+be+not+主语（相应的代词)？Tonyisgoingtobeadoctorwhenhegrowsup,isn’the?
否定陈述句，+be+主语（相应的代词）？
Tonyisn’tgoingtobeadoctorwhenhegrowsup，ishe?
六、过去将来时
１、概念:表示从过去某一时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。

过去将来时常用于宾语从句中.
２、构成：would+v。

原形
３、句型结构
陈述肯定句：主语+would+v.原形+其它。

Wang Ling would visi ther uncle.
陈述否定句：主语+wouldn’t+v.原形+其它.
Wang Ling wouldn’t visit her uncle。

一般疑问句：Would+主语+v.原形+其它？
Would Wang Ling visit he runcle？
特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句？
Who would Wang Ling visit？
反意疑问句:肯定陈述句，+wouldn’t+主语（相应的代词）？
Wang Ling would visit her uncle ,wouldn't she?
否定陈述句，+would+主语（相应的代词）？
Wang Ling wouldn't visit her uncle ,would she?
七、现在完成时
１、概念：
（１）表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

（２)表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在(包括“现在”在内)的一段时间的状语连用。

表示动作或状态的动词多是延续性动词。

２、构成：have/has+v。

过去分词
３、句型结构
陈述肯定句：主语+have/has+v。

过去分词+其它。

I have already seen the film.
陈述否定句：主语+haven’t/hasn’t+v.过去分词+其它。

I haven't seen the film yet.
一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+v。

过去分词+其它？
Have you seen the film yet？
特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句？
Who have seen the film？
反意疑问句：肯定陈述句，+haven’t/hasn’t+主语（相应的代词）？They have seen the film ,haven't they？
否定陈述句,+have/has+主语（相应的代词)？
They haven’ t seen the film ，have they？
八、过去完成时１、概念：表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成了的动作。

它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。

表示过去某一时间可用等构成的短语。

２、构成:had+v.过去分词
３、句型结构
陈述肯定句:主语+had+v.过去分词+其它。

Tim had reached the station before ten o’clock.
陈述否定句：主语+hadn't+v。

过去分词+其它.
Tim hadn’t reached the station before ten o'clock.
一般疑问句：Had+主语+v.过去分词+其它?
Had Tim reached the station before ten o’clock?
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？
When had Tim reached the station?
反意疑问句:肯定陈述句，+hadn’t+主语(相应的代词）？
Tim had reached the station before ten o’clock,hadn’t he?
否定陈述句,+had+主语（相应的代词）？
Tim hadn't reached the station before ten o'clock，had he?
感叹句Ｗhat+n.+主语+谓语!
What fine weather it is today！
What an interesting story it is！
How+adj./adv。

+主语+谓语！
How cold it is today!
How fast they are running！
祈使句肯定句：v。

原形+其它．Open the door。

Do it like this。

否定句：Don’t+v。

原形+其它．Don't open the door。

Don't do it like this.。