英语冠词和代词大汇总
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冠词
定义:冠词是虚词,本身不能单独使用,也没有词义,它用在名词前,帮助指示名词的含义
分类:冠词分为不定冠词(a, an),定冠词(the),和零冠词。
I. 不定冠词的用法:
口诀一
名词是秃子,常要戴帽子;
可数名词单,需用a 或 an;
辅音前用a ,元音前用an;
复数不可数泛指the不见;
碰到代词时,冠词均不现.。
①名词一般情况下不单独用,常常要和冠词连用;
②表示不明确指的可数名词单数前要用不定冠词 a 或 an,特指时要用定冠词the;
即:可数名词单数不能单独存在,必须有限定词修饰。
③如复数名词和不可数名词表示泛指或名词前有 his, these, my, some 等限定词时就不用冠词.
II. 定冠词的用法:
以上口诀归纳了用定冠词的一般情况,即:
①特指某些人或物
②谈话双方都熟悉的人或事
③上文已经提到的人或事
④世界上独一无二的事物前
⑤序数词和形容词最高级前
⑥某些专有名词前
⑦一些习惯短语(如:in the morning等)中和乐器前(如:play the violin / piano)。
III. 零冠词的用法:
二、不用冠词的集中情况。
下列情况应免冠,代词限定名词前;
专有名词不可数,学科球类三餐饭;
复数名词表泛指,两节星期月份前;
颜色语种和国名,称呼习语及头衔。
以上口诀主要概括了一般应“免冠”的几种情况,即:
①名词前已有作定语用的this、that、some、any、my等限定词。
②专有名词和不可数名词前。
③表示学科的(如:maths、Chinese、physics)名词前。
④球类活动的名词前及三餐总称前。
⑤复数名词表示泛指(一类人或事)时。
⑥节日、季节、星期、月份前。
⑦表示颜色(如:It's red / yellow.)、语种(如:speak English/Japanese)和国家的非全称名词(如:We live in China. They come from America.)。
⑧在称呼或表示头衔的名词前。
⑨某些习惯短语中(如:in bed、go to school等)。
--- So, you are running _____ restaurant.
--- Yes, but I don’t want to make _____ restaurant only for rich people.
A. the; \
B. the; the
C. a; the
D. a; a
2. Mary is ____ university student. She is _____ ordinary-looking girl with thick glasses.
A. a; an
B. an; a
C. an; the
D. the; an
3. --- What’s your elder sister?
--- She is ____ teacher and _____ writer.
A. the; the
B. a; \
C. a; a
D. the; a
4. --- Why not take ____ friend with you?
--- That sounds like ____ good idea.
A. a; a
B. the; the
C. a; the
D. the; a
5. That Alice returned last night gave her mother ____.
A. the great surprise
B. a great surprise
C. great surprise
D. great surprising
6. Paris is ____ most beautiful city, where you can see ____ famous Eiffel Tower.
A. a; the
B. a; \
C. the; a
D. \; the
7. Professor Smith had not given ____ talk on Shakespeare for a long time, so he had to brush up on some of ____ plays.
A. \; \
B. a; the
C. the; \
D. the; the
8. He found it difficult to make ____ living in those days.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. \
9. He had decided to give it up, but on ____ second thoughts be decided to try ____ third time.
A. the; the
B. \; \
C. a; a
D. \; a
10. Thanks for giving me _____ I wanted.
A. the information
B. a information
C. informations
D. the informations
11. --- The news is spreading from mouth to mouth.
--- Yes, it’s become ____ talk of ____ town.
A. a; a
B. the; \
C. the; the
D. a; \
12. Pay attention to ____ road sign while driving in ____ foreign country.
A. a; a
B. the; the
C. the; a
D. a; the
13. --- Were they ____ first to fly to ____ space?
--- Yes, so they felt _____ bit proud.
A. the; \; a
B. a; a; a
C. a; the; \
D. the; the; the
14. _____ Missisippi is one of ____ longest rivers in the world.
A. \;\
B. The; the
C. \; the
D. The; \
15. ____ wireless telephone is ready for a call.
A. Smiths’
B. The Smith
C. The Smith’s
D. The Smiths’
16. ____ United States of America lies between ____ Atlantic Ocean and ____ Pacific Ocean.
A. \; the; the
B. The; \; \
C. \; \; \
D. The; the; the
17. One must know what ____ true, ____ good and _____ beautiful.