英语中常用的能跟或只能跟动名词的动词
高中英语动词用法详解-文档
高中英语动词用法详解-文档动词及动词短语用法详解动词是描述主语的动作行为或状态的词。
几乎每个句子的表述都离不开动词。
动词是英语句子的重心，是英语句子中不可缺少的一部分。
动词通常在句子中作谓语，它种类繁多，形式复杂，是较复杂的语法项目之一。
I动词的分类根据动词的句法功能可将动词分为实义动词、连系动词、持续动词和非持续动词、助动词和非谓语动词。
1.实义动词实义动词包括不及物动词和及物动词两类。
1）不及物动词：不及物动词指不能跟宾语的动词。
在英语中大多数动词既可以作及物动词，又可作不及物动词。
纯粹的不及物动词很少。
常用作不及物动词的主要有ache疼痛，agree同意，apologize道歉，appear出现，arrive到达，come来，XXX哭，XXX跳舞等。
XXX.我们一直等到妈妈来。
2）及物动词：能跟宾语的动词称为及物动词。
英语中的动词大多数为及物动词。
（1）跟单宾语的及物动词只跟一个宾语的动词称为单宾语动词。
常见的单宾语动词主要有：accept接受，admire羡慕，admit承认，affect影响，afford买得起，announce公布，borrow借出，XXX埋等。
I'm sorry that I XXX.对不起我忘了你的电话号码。
（2）跟双宾语的及物动词可以同时跟两个宾语的及物动词叫双宾语动词。
双宾语中的一个宾语指人，称为间接宾语，一个宾语指物，称为间接宾语。
间接宾语普通位于直接宾语之前，也可位于其后，但此时在间接宾语的前面需加介词to或for。
直、间接宾语易位需加to的动词介词to侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着、向着、对着某人。
常见的此类动词有：tell通知，XXX借等。
Hand me that book, please.= Hand that book to me, please.请把那本书递给我。
直、间接宾语易位需加for的动词介词for侧重指动作的受益者，透露表现为或人、替或人。
非谓语动词常考知识用法必背
非谓语动词常考知识点用法必背一、作宾语（一）以下动词后，只能跟不定式作宾语afford to do（付得起），agree to do（同意），decide to do（决定），determine to do（决心），expect to do（期待），fail to do（未履行），help (to )do（帮助），hope to do（希望），learn to do（学会），manage to do（设法），offer to do（主动提出），plan to do（计划），pretend to do（假装），promise to do（答应），refuse to do（拒绝），seem to do（觉得好像），want to do（想要），wish to do（希望）happen to do举例：1.The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。
2. I happen to know the answer to your question. 我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。
3. He managed to pass the driving test. 他设法通过了驾驶考试。
4. My father promised to buy me a new bike. 我爸爸答应给我买一辆新单车。
5. He can’t afford to buy an expensive car. 他买不起昂贵的小车。
6. We decide to study hard from now on. 我们决定从现在起努力学习。
（二）以下动词后，只能跟动名词作宾语avoid doing(避免) ，consider doing（考虑做），enjoy doing（乐于做），keep doing（继续做）finish doing（完成），suggest doing（建议做），dislike doing（不喜欢），escape doing（逃脱）cannot help doing（禁不住），imagine doing（想象），mind doing（介意），miss doing（错过），practise doing（练习），appreciate感激，欣赏举例：1. You can hardly avoid meeting her if you both work in the same office.如果你们两人在同一个办公室做事，你几乎免不了要遇见她。
高考英语复习：动名词的考点解析
高考英语复习：动名词的考点解析动名词是高考的一个考点，难点是和现在分词容易混淆。
，虽说高考中出现的次数不多，但我们也不能掉以轻心。
一般的动名词我们都了解，现在我们讲一下含有动名词的特殊句型。
动名词是英语动词的一种非谓语形式.有很多特殊句型和习惯用法.本文就其中一些常用句型作一介绍,以帮助同学们正确使用动名词。
1.worth +动名词= worthy of being done 做某事是值得的.Is this film worth seeing again?这部电影值得再看一次吗?Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well. 凡是值的做的,就值得好好去做.注意: 这个句型中的动名词总是用主动形式表示被动意义. 类似的句型还有:worth while +动名词(也可用动词不定式)=worth the time spent in doing itIt isn’t worth while doing (or: to do )that .做那件事不合算2.cannot help +动名词=be unable to refrain from doing ---不禁;忍不住;不得不He couldn’t help laughing when he heard the funny story.他听到这个滑稽故事时,忍不住大笑起来.注意: 类似的惯用句型还有: cannot stand /bear +动名词I can’t stand waiting any longer.再等下去我可受不了I won’t bear your talking to me like that.我不能忍受你跟我那样谈话.3.feel like+动名词 =be inclined to do ----想要Do you feel like taking a walk with me?跟我一起去散步怎么样？He doesn’t take care of his eats what he feels like eating.他不注意健康；想要吃什么就吃什么。
英语中常跟动名词做宾语的动词,逗号,宾语从句
英语中常跟动名词做宾语的动词Admit, stand（忍受，容忍），appreciate, avoid, complete, consider, enjoy, escape, excuse（原谅）,fancy（imagine）, finish, forgive, keep（continue）, mind, miss（错过）, pardon, practice, prevent, risk, suggest, advise, allow, permit, acknowledge, require, tolerate（容忍，忍受）,favor（喜欢）,involve, guarantee, approve（同意）,encourage, ban（禁止）,predict其中advise, allow, permit后提到相关人，用to do英语中常跟不定式做宾语的动词Agree, refuse, offer, promise, choose, decide, determine, attempt, intend, manage, fail, ask, hope, want, expect, long, wish, seek, plan, prepare, learn, mean, volunteer, pretend, dare, afford, beg, demand, dislike, fear英语逗号你注意到了吗？高考英语单选题中，20%左右的题含有逗号。
如果对逗号不加注意，有可能会对整个句子的理解发生偏差。
一般来说，英语句中的逗号主要出现在以下语法现象中：1.We must redouble our efforts，or we‘ll never be able to catch up with the others.（并列句）2.Young as he is，he is equal to the task.（主从复合句——让步状语从句）3.The room was full of students，ten of whom are from foreign countries.（主从复合句——非限制性定语从句）4.Given enough time，we are sure to do it well.（非谓语形式——过去分词）5.Not having seen her for a long time，missed her very much.（非谓语形式——现在分词）6.They must have gone there last night，didn‘t they？（反意疑问句）注意题目中的逗号能使我们根据选项，有的放矢地做题。
动名词的常见形式
动名词的常见形式动名词是英语中一种特殊的名词形式，具有动词的性质，但又能够作为名词使用。
它是通过动词的基本形式加上-ing构成的。
在英语中，动名词有着丰富多样的形式，本文将介绍动名词的常见形式和用法。
一、动名词的基本形式动名词的基本形式为动词的原形加上-ing。
例如，work（工作）的动名词形式为working（工作的）；play（玩耍）的动名词形式为playing（玩耍的）。
二、动名词的主要用法1. 作主语动名词可以直接充当句子的主语，常用于表示习惯、爱好、兴趣等抽象概念。
例如：- Swimming is good for your health.（游泳对健康有益。
）- Singing brings me joy.（唱歌给我带来快乐。
）2. 作宾语动名词可以作及物动词的宾语，表示动作的承受者或者是一个事物。
例如：- I enjoy reading books.（我喜欢读书。
）- She hates doing household chores.（她讨厌做家务。
）3. 在介词后面动名词可以跟在介词后面，表示动作的目的、原因、方式等。
例如：- They are interested in learning foreign languages.（他们对学习外语感兴趣。
）- He succeeded by working hard.（他通过努力工作而获得了成功。
）4. 用于某些固定结构动名词也常常与特定的动词或者形容词搭配，形成一些固定的词组和表达方式。
例如：- keep + 动名词：继续做某事- He keeps talking about his new job.（他一直在谈论他的新工作。
）- can't help + 动名词：忍不住做某事- I can't help laughing at his joke.（听到他的笑话，我忍不住笑了。
）- be + 形容词 + 动名词：被……做得- She is tired of studying all day.（她整天学习让她累了。
英语中有些动词后面跟动词时
一、动名词1. 英语中有些动词后面跟动词时，只能跟动名词而不能接不定式，这些动词有：admit，acknowledge 承认appreciate 感激,赞赏; consider,考虑avoid 避免complete 完成consider 认为delay 耽误deny 否认detest 讨厌endure 忍受enjoy 喜欢escape 逃脱prevent阻止fancy 想象finish 完成imagine 想象mind 介意 miss(错过) miss 想念postpone 推迟practise 训练recall 回忆resent 讨厌resist 抵抗resume 继续risk 冒险suggest 建议face 面对include 包括stand 忍受understand 理解forgive 宽恕keep 继续例如：Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught.Have you considered going abroad for your education?They don’t want to risk losing their lives.一些动词词组后也只能接动名词：feel like，admit to，prefer…to，be(get) used to, be accustomed to，lead to，devote oneself to，object to，stick to，contribute to， pay attention to，look forward to(to为介词) It's worth…,as well as, be busy, can't help, It's no use /good，be tired of, be fond of, be capable of,be afraid of, be proud of, think of / about,hold off, put off, keep on,insist on, count on / upon, set about, be successful in, succeed in,be good at, take up,give up, burst out, prevent … from…,He is used to living in the countryside.It’s no use talking too much.The joke is so funny that I can’t help laughing.I am tired of working here.2. worth的用法worth，worthy，worth-while 都为形容词。
动词后加doing的归纳
后接to do 和doing的动词归纳一、跟不定式（to do）作宾语的动词：want, wish, hope, manage, pretend, decide, learn, agree, expect, demand, long, ask,care, choose, dare, fail, offer, plan, prepare, promise, refuse, desire, happen, appear, intend, would like to, be said to,二、跟动名词(doing)作宾语的动词：suggest, admit, finish, avoid, mind, enjoy, delay, practice, excuse sb. for, advice, consider, escape, miss, risk, dislike, imagine, permit, require(表被动), appreciate(感激),understand, insist on, look forward to, get down to,devote oneself to, prefer…to…object to (反对), put off, apologize to sb. for, give up,forgive sb. for, be worth, be fond of, be good at, be slow in, be active in,be afraid of, be tired of, be busy, succeed in,prevent/stop/keep sb. from, spend time (in), have difficult/trouble in,It’s no use/good,be pround of, instead of.三、跟动名词(doing)和动词不定式（to do）均可的词,含义无区别：start, begin, continue, prefer, like, love, hate, 后跟to do 表具体和特定的动作, 后跟doing 表泛指的动作四、跟动名词(doing)动词不定式（to do）均可的词,含义区别较大：1. stop to do2. mean to do3. try to do4. agree to dostop doing mean doing try doing agree to sb doing5. be afraid to do6. remember to do7. forget to do8. allow/permit/advise sb. to dobe afraid of doing remember doing forget doing allow/permit/advise doing9. regret to do10. want to do11. need to do12. go on to doregret doing want doing (表被动) need(表被动) go on doing13. can’t help to do14. forbid sb. to do=forbid sb’s doingcan’t help doing forbid doing15.感官动词+ doing/to do感官动词see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do 表示动作的完整性,真实性；+doing 表示动作的连续性,进行性I saw him work in the garden yesterday.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了.(强调"我看见了"这个事实)I saw him working in the garden yesterday.（强调"我见他正干活"这个动作）昨天我见他正在花园里干活.典型例题1）They knew her very well. They had seen her ___ up from childhood.A. growB. grewC. was growingD. to grow答案：A.因题意为,他们看着她长大,因此强调的是成长的过程,而非正在长的动作,因此用see sb do sth 的句型.2）The missing boy was last seen ___ near the river.A. playingB. to be playingC. playD. to play答案A. 本题强调其动作,正在河边玩,应此用see sb. doing sth句型中学英语中哪些动词后加to do sth和加doing sth一、接不定式（而不接动名词）作宾语的24个常用动词afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事agree to do sth. 同意做某事arrange to do sth.安排做某事ask to do sth. 要求做某事beg to do sth. 请求做某事choose to do sth. 决定做某事decide to do sth. 决定做某事demand to do sth. 要求做某事determine to do sth. 决心做某事expect to do sth. 期待做某事fear to do sth. 害怕做某事help to do sth. 帮助做某事hope to do sth. 希望做某事learn to do sth. 学习做某事manage to do sth. 设法做某事offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事plan to do sth. 计划做某事prepare to do sth. 准备做某事pretend to do sth. 假装做某事promise to do sth. 答应做某事refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事want to do sth. 想要做某事wish to do sth. 希望做某事注：有些不及物动词后习惯上也接不定式，不接动名词：aim to do sth. 打算做某事fail to do sth. 未能做某事happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事struggle to do sth. 努力做某事二、接不定式作宾补的36个常用动词advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事ask sb. to do sth.请（叫）某人做某事bear sb. to do sth.忍受某人做某事beg sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事drive sb. to do sth .驱使某人做某事elect sb. to do sth. 选举某人做某事encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事get sb. to do sth. 使（要）某人做某事hate sb. to do sth. 讨厌某人做某事help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事intend sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事leave sb. to do sth. 留下某人做某事like sb. to do sth. 喜欢某人做某事mean sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事oblige sb. to do sth. 迫使某人做某事order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事teach sb. to do sth .教某人做某事tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事train sb. to do sth. 训练某人做某事trouble sb. to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事warn sb. to do sth. 警告某人做某事wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事注：不要受汉语意思的影响而误用以下动词句型：汉语说：“害怕某人做某事”，但英语不说fear sb. to do sth.。
动名词的用法总结详解英语语法
动名词的用法总结详解英语语法动名词词在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。
以下是店铺为大家整理的动名词的用法，希望能帮助大家更好地掌握动名词，提高英语水平。
动名词的用法：作主语1、动名词是由动词变化而来，所以，动名词的意义也是表示某个动作或事情。
例如： Reading English aloud in the morning will do you a lot of good.Cheating on an exam ruins one's character. 考试作弊毁坏人的性格。
2、动名词作主语时，对于一些比较长的动名词短语，一般采用"It is …"和"There is …"两种句式来表示。
例如：It is no use waiting for him any longer. 等他是没有用的。
There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。
3、动名词作主语与不定式作主语的区别：动名词作主语通常表示抽象的或泛指的动作，一般不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起;不定式作主语通常表示具体的动作或行为，往往与特定的动作执行者联系在一起，如：It’s no use crying over spilt milk. (抽象)He realized that to go on like this was no use. (具体)4、在实际运用中，一般可以互换，差异不大。
但在下列几种情况中不能互换：当表语是动名词时，主语也要用动名词;当表语是不定式时，主语也要用不定式，如： Seeing is believing. = To see is to believe.5、动名词和不定式作主语，一般都可以使用形式主语it，而将动名词或不定式放在句尾。
但是在下列句型中，一般宜用动名词，不宜用不定式来代替：It’s no use doing … It’s no good doing…It’s a waste of time doing …动名词的用法：作表语1、动名词作表语与现在分词作表语的区别：动名词作表语时相当于名词，说明主语的含义及内容，它与主语是同等关系，主语与表语互换位置不影响句子的基本含义，但不可用副词来修饰。
高中英语语法非谓语动词讲解及其练习题
高中英语语法非谓语动词讲解及其练习题The document was prepared on January 2, 2021高中英语语法非谓语动词讲解及其练习题非谓语动词是一个较难学的,今天我给大家总结一下非谓语动词的使用和练习,希望大家能把非谓语动词学会非谓语动词是在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式是动词的非谓语形式.动词一般在句子中充当谓语.在句中可起名词,形容词,副词的作用,在句中充当主语,宾语,表语,补语,定语或状语.即动词的非谓语形式除了不能独立作谓语外,可以承担句子的任何成分3种形式：不定式,分词现在分词、过去分词,动名词1．非谓语动词与谓语动词的相同点有：1如果是及物动词都可与宾语连用,例如：They built a garden.They suggested building a garden.2都可以被状语修饰：The suit fits him very well.The suit used to fit him very well.3都有主动与被动, “体”式一般式；进行式；完成式的变化.例如：He was punished by his parents.谓语动词被动语态He avoided being punished by his parents.动名词的被动式We have written the composition.谓语动词的完成时Having written the composition, we handed it in.现在分词的完成式4都可以有逻辑主语They started the work at once.谓语动词的逻辑主语The boss ordered them to start the work.动词不定式的逻辑主语We are League members.谓语动词的主语We being League member, the work was well done.现在分词的逻辑主语2、非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点有：1非谓语动词可以有名词作用如动词不定式和动名词,在句中做主语、宾语、表语.2非谓语动词可以有形容词作用如动词不定式和分词,在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语.3非谓语动词可以有副词作用如动词不定式和分词,在句中作状语.4谓语动词在句中作谓语,受主语的人称和数的限制；非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语,它不受主语的人称和数的限制.二非谓语动词的句法功能：二、非谓语动词用法：一动词不定式：to+do,具有名词、形容词、副词的特征.1．不定式的形式：以动词write为例否定式：not + to do1一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后,例如：I'm glad to meet you.He seems to know a lot.We plan to pay a visit.He wants to be an artist.The patient asked to be operated on at once.The teacher ordered the work to be done.2进行式：不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生,例如：The boy pretended to be working hard.He seems to be reading in his room.3完成式：不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前,例如：I regretted to have told a lie.I happened to have seen the film.He is pleased to have met his friend.2．不定式的句法功能：1作主语：To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.To lose your heart means failure.动词不定式短语作主语时,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语不定式置于句后,例如上面两句可用如下形式：It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.It means failure to lose your heart.常用句式有：1、It+be+名词+to do.2、It takes sb.+some time+to do.3、It+be+形容词+of sb +to do.4、It+be+形容词+for sb.+to do.常用careless,,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise,等表示赞扬或批评的形容词,不定式前的sb.可作其逻辑主语.2作表语：Her job is to clean the hall.He appears to have caught a cold.3作宾语：常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有：want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer, 如果不定式宾语后面有宾语补足语,则用it作形式宾语,真正的宾语不定式后置,放在宾语补足语后面,例如：Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.动词不定式也可充当介词宾语,如：I have no choice but to stay here.He did nothing last Sunday but repair his bike.动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用,如：He gave us some advice on how to learn English.4作宾语补足语：在复合宾语中,动词不定式可充当宾语补足语,如下动词常跟这种复合宾语：want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite.此外,介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用,如：With a lot of work to do, he didn't go to the cinema．有些动词如make, let, see, watch, hear, feel, have等与不带有to的不定式连用,但改为被动语态时,不定式要加to, 如：I saw him cross the road.He was seen to cross the road.5作定语：动词不定式作定语,放在所修饰的名词或代词后.与所修饰名词有如下关系：①动宾关系：I have a meeting to attend.注意：不定式为不及物动词时,所修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等,应有必要的介词,如：He found a good house to live in.The child has nothing to worry about.What did you open it with如果不定式修饰time, place, way,可以省略介词：He has no place to live.This is the best way to work out this problem.如果不定式所修饰名词是不定式动作承受者,不定式可用主动式也可用被动式：Have you got anything to sendHave you got anything to be sent②说明所修饰名词的内容：We have made a plan to finish the work.③被修饰名词是不定式逻辑主语：He is the first to get here.6作状语：①表目的：He worked day and night to get the money.She sold her hair to buy the watch chain.注意不定式放句首时,逻辑主语与句子主语要一致：wrong：To save money, every means has been tried. right：To save money, he has tried every means. wrong：To learn English well, a dictionary is needed. right：To learn English well, he needs a dictionary.②表结果：He arrived late to find the train gone.常用only放在不定式前表示强调：I visited him only to find him out.③表原因：They were very sad to hear the news.④表程度：It's too dark for us to see anything.The question is simple for him to answer.7作独立成分：To tell you the truth, I don't like the way he talked.8不定式的省略：保留to省略do动词.If you don't want to do it, you don't need to.9不定式的并列：第二个不定式可省略to.He wished to study medicine and become a doctor.二动名词：动名词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有名词的句法功能.1．动名词的形式：否定式：not + 动名词1一般式：Seeing is believing. 眼见为实.2被动式：He came to the party without being invited．他未被邀请就来到了晚会. 3完成式：We remembered having seen the film. 我们记得看过这部电影.4完成被动式：He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old. 他忘记五岁时曾被带到广州去过.5否定式：not + 动名词I regret not following his advice. 我后悔没听他的劝告.6复合结构：物主代词或名词所有格+ 动名词He suggested our trying it once again. 他建议我们再试一次.His not knowing English troubled him a lot.他不懂英语给他带来许多麻烦.2．动名词的句法功能：1作主语：Reading aloud is very helpful. 朗读是很有好处的.Collecting stamps is interesting. 集邮很有趣.当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语.It's no use quarrelling.争吵是没用的.2作表语：In the ant city, the queen's job is laying eggs.在蚂蚁王国,蚁后的工作是产卵.3作宾语：They haven't finished building the dam. 他们还没有建好大坝.We have to prevent the air from being polluted.我们必须阻止空气被污染.注意动名词既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语,如上面两个例句.此外,动名词作宾语时,若跟有宾语补足语,则常用形式宾语it,例如：We found it no good making fun of others. 我们发现取笑他人不好.要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语：enjoy, finish, suggest, avoid避免, excuse ,delay, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admit承认,deny否认, mind, permit, forbid, practise, risk冒险, appreciate感激, be busy, be worth, feel like, can't stand, can't help情不自禁地, think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent…from,keep …from, stop…from,protect…from, set about, be engaged in, spend…in, succeed in, be used to, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, insist on, feel like4作定语：He can't walk without a walking-stick. 他没有拐杖不能走路.Is there a swimming pool in your school 你们学校有游泳池吗5作同位语：The cave, his hiding-place is secret. 那个山洞,他藏身的地方很秘密.His habit, listening to the news on the radio remains unchanged．他收听收音机新闻节目的习惯仍未改变.三现在分词：现在分词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有形容词和副词的句法功能.1、现在分词的形式：否定式：not + 现在分词1现在分词的主动语态：现在分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生,常作状语.例如：They went to the park, singing and talking. 他们边唱边说向公园走去.Having done his homework, he played basket-ball. 做完作业,他开始打篮球.2现在分词的被动语态：一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作,完成式表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动的动作.The problem being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要.Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake.被告诉了好几遍,这个淘气的孩子又犯了同一个错误.2．现在分词的句法功能：1作定语：现在分词作定语,当分词单独做定语时,放在所修饰的名词前；如果是分词短语做定语放在名词后.In the following years he worked even harder.在后来的几年中,他学习更努力了.The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor's father.正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲.现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能,如：in the following years 也可用in the years that followed; the man speaking to the teacher可改为the man who is speaking to the teacher.2现在分词作表语：The film being shown in the cinema is exciting. 正在这家上演的电影很棒.The present situation is inspiring. 当前的形势鼓舞人心.be + doing既可能表示现在进行时,也可能是现在分词做表语,它们的区别在于be + doing表示进行的动作是进行时,而表示特征时是系动词be与现在分词构成系表结构.3作宾语补足语：如下动词后可跟现在分词作宾语补足语：see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep, notice, observe, listen to, look at, leave, catch等.例如：Can you hear her singing the song in the next room 你能听见她在隔壁唱歌吗He kept the car waiting at the gate. 他让小汽车在门口等着.4现在分词作状语：①作时间状语：While Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker.在工厂工作时,他是一名先进工人.②作原因状语：Being a League member, he is always helping others. 由于是共青团员,他经常帮助他人.③作方式状语,表示伴随：He stayed at home, cleaning and washing. 他呆在家里,又擦又洗.④作条件状语：If Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time.要是整天玩,你就会浪费宝贵的时间.⑤作结果状语：He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces. 他把杯子掉了,结果摔得粉碎.⑥作目的状语：He went swimming the other day. 几天前他去游泳了.⑦作让步状语：Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon.虽然雨下得很大,但不久天就晴了.⑧与逻辑主语构成独立主格：I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my head．我等汽车时,一只鸟落到我头上.All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly.所有的票已经卖光了,他们失望地离开了.Time permitting, we'll do another two exercises.如果时间允许,我们将做另两个练习.有时也可用with without +名词代词宾格+分词形式With the lights burning, he fell asleep. 他点着灯睡着了.⑨作独立成分：udging fromby his appearance, he must be an actor.从外表看,他一定是个演员.Generally speaking, girls are more careful. 一般说来,女孩子更细心.四过去分词：过去分词只有一种形式：规则动词由动词原形加词尾-ed构成.不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的规则要求,要一一记住.过去分词的句法功能：1．过去分词作定语：Our class went on an organized trip last Monday. 上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行.Those elected as committee members will attend the meeting. 当选为委员的人将出席这次会.注意当过去分词是单词时,一般用于名词前,如果是过去分词短语,就放在名词的后面.过去分词做定语相当于一个被动语态的定语从句.2．过去分词作表语：The window is broken. 窗户破了.They were frightened at the sad sight. 他们对眼前悲惨的景象感到很害怕.注意：be + 过去分词,如果表示状态是系表结构,如果表示被动的动作是被动语态.区别：The window is broken.系表The window was broken by the boy.被动有些过去分词是不及物动词构成的,不表示被动,只表示完成.如：boiled water开水 fallen leaves落叶newly arrived goods新到的货 the risen sun升起的太阳the changed world变了的世界这类过去分词有：gone, come, fallen, risen, changed, arrived, returned, passed 等.3．过去分词作宾语补足语：I heard the song sung several times last week.上周我听见这首歌被唱了好几次.有时过去分词做with短语中的宾语补足语：With the work done, they went out to play. 工作做完了,他们出去玩去了.4．过去分词作状语：Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents.受到邻居们的表扬,他成为父母的骄傲.表示原因Once seen, it can never be forgotten.一旦它被看见,人们就忘不了.表示时间Given more time, I'll be able to do it better.如果给予更多的时间,我能做得更好.表示条件Though told of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy.虽然被告之有危险,他仍然冒生命危险去救那个孩子.表示让步Filled with hopes and fears, he entered the cave. 心中充满了希望与恐惧,他走进山洞.非谓语动词考点分析1．The Olympic Games, ______ in 776 ,did’t include women players until 1919.playing be first played played be first playing析：根据题干,必须选表示被动的选项,故排除A、D；因B选项表“将要被举行”意,不合题干之用,只有C选项相当于which was first played才合用.2．European football is played in 80 countries, ______ it the most popular sportin the world.make析：B、C是谓语动词,在此不可用.D项to make或表目的,或表“将要使得”,这都不合题干情景.只有,可作状语,表结果.再举一现在分词作结果状语例：The bus was held up by the snowstorm,causing the delay.公共汽车被大风雪所阻,因而耽误了.3．Little Jim should love ______ to the theatre this evening.be taken take taken析：根据this evening,应选表示将来义的选项,C、D应排除.Take后无宾语,必然要用被动式,故答案为A.4．John was made ______ the truck for a week as a punishment.wash be washing析：根据be made to do sth.句式,可定答案为A.5．The patient was warned ______ oily food after the operation.eat not not to eat eating析：根据warn sb.notto do sth.句式,可排除B、D两项；又根据非谓语动词的否定式not总是在首位的规律,又可排除A,而定C.6．——I usually go there by train. ——Why not ______ by boat for a change try going to go try and go going析：此题可根据why not后直接跟原形动词规律而一举确定正确答案为D.若将B项改为try to go,则要根据其与try going意义之别来确定答案.依据题干对话内容,乙方是建议甲方尝试乘船变变花样,所以答案仍为D.7．______ a reply,he decided to write again.receiving not having received not received析：非谓语动词的否定式not应置于首位,B、D皆为错误形式.A项不能表达先于decided的动作,只有选C项才表没收到信在先,决定再写信在后,所以C为正确答案.8．Charles Babbage is generally considered ______ the first computer.invent have invented mvented析：consider表“考虑”意时,其后动词用doing形式,此处不表“考虑”,而表“认为”,这时consider后作宾语补足语或主语补足语多为to do,to have done,to be等形式.据此可排除B、D两个选项.又因A表“要发明”意,不合题用,只有C表“发明了”意,才合题用,故选C.9．Most of the artists ______ to the party were from South Africa.invite invited been invited析：“被邀请参加晚会”,应选表被动意的选项,B不可用.D项少引导词who,也应排除.又因短暂动词的现在分词被动式不可作定语,C也应排除,只有＝who were invited才是正确答案.10．The murderer was brought in,with his hands ______ behind his back.tied tied be tired析：B表主动意,应排除.C表“将要被捆绑”,A表“正在被捆绑”都不合题意,只有D项填入空白才能表达“双手被反绑着”这一意思,符合题干情景.再看一类似例句： He came in,withhis head held high.他昂首走了进来.非谓语动词专练more attention,the trees could have grown better.give givenfirst textbooks ______ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.be written written writtenmissing boys were last seen ______ near the river.play be playingin thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.lose lostpassing me he pretended ______ me.see having seen have not seen to have seenchildren insisted ______ there on foot.going would go their goingstill remembers ______ to Shanghai when he was very young.taken takenthe railway station,we had a break,only ______ the train had left.at;to find to;discovering thatarriving at;finding out to;to have found outthe boy ______ the way,we had no trouble ______ the way ______ to Zhongshan Park.;finding;leading lead;found;to lead ;finding;led ;found;ledthese pictures,I couldn’t help thinking of those days when I was in Being and______ from the top of a thirty-storeyed building,Beijing looks more beautiful.;seen ;seeing ;seeing ;seencan hardly imagine Peter ______ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.have sailed sailyou wave your book in front of your face,you can feel the air ______ against your face.moveis known to all,China will be an ______ and powerful country in 20 or 30 years’ time.;advancing ;advanced ;advanced ;advancingshopping,people sometimes can’t help ______ into buying something they don’t really need.persuaded persuadedwas terrible noise ______ the sudden burst of light.be followed followedexcuse my ______ in without ______ .;permitted ;permitted ;being permitted come;being permittedhis head high,the manager walked into the room to attend the meeting ______ then.;being held ;holding held;held ;to be held18.——Did you hear her ______ this pop song this time the other day——Yes,and I heard this song ______ in English.;singing ;sung ;singing ;sungquestion ______ now at the meeting is not the question ______ yesterday.;discussed ;had discussed discussed;discussed ;discussingthe cooking ______ ,I went on ______ some sewing.;to do done;doing be done;doing have done;doingis no use ______ your past mistakes.A. regrettingB. regretC. to regretD. regrettedhusband died in 1980 and had nothing ______ to her,only ______ her five children.;to leave ;leaving ;left ;leavingam very have a very difficult problem ______ .work work out be worked out work it outwould appreciate ______ back this affernoon.to call call calling ’re callingmountains was ______ ,so we all felt ______ .;tired ;tiring ;tiring ;tiredsaw some villagers ______ on the bench at the end of the room.themselveswas glad to see her child well ______ care of.be takenis one of the important problems ______ tomorrow.solve be solvedmaps properly,you need a special pen.draw drawingis a river ______ around our school.run be runningabout the two of us ______ a walk down the gardentake be takenwas fortunate to pick up a wallet ______ on the ground on the way back home, but unfortunately for me,I found my colour TV set. ______ when I got home.;stolen ;stealing ;stolen ;stealingthe kind－hearted boy ____ me with my work,I’m sure I’ll be able to spare time___ with your work.help;help you out ;helping you ;to help you out help;to help youmovedd by her words, ______ .came to his eyes B .he could hardly hold back his tearsC. tears could hardly be held backD. his eyes were filled with tears.35.——I hope the children won’t touch the dog.——I’ve warned them ______ .to touch dowould love ______ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.go have gone gone______ why he walked in without permission,he just stared at us and said nothing.asked be askedman kept silent in the room unless ______ .to to speakwas often listened ______ in the next room.sing to singthan ______ on a crowded bus,he always prefers ______ a bicycle.;ride ;ride ;to ride ride;ridingboy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him ______ .to to do do it not to’s troubling them is ______ enough experienced workers.they have to have not not having their havinghis telephone number,she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill.knowing not having known not knowis used ______ houses in some places .build building be built builton ______ the other exercise after you have finished this one.do be doingday we looked forward to ______ .come comewould you rather ______ the workhave to do have do to do doyou think it any good ______ with him againtalk talking talkednew ideas have to be tested many times before ______ .fully fully accepted accepting being acceptedgovernment forbids ______ such bad books.publish非谓语动词专练答案1―5 C B D B D 6―10 C B A A A 11―15 C B C C B 16―20 C A D C A21―25 A D B C A 26―30 C C B C C 31―35 C A D B B 36―40 B B A D C 41―45 A C A A A 46―50 C D A B D非谓语动词非谓语动词是指分词包括现在分词和过去分词、不定式、动名词等三种形式,即：doing , done , to do , doing .当然它们有各自不同的变化形式,如：现在分词 doing : 有being done被动式 ; having done 完成式; having been do ne 完成被动式不定式 to do : 有to be done 被动式; to have done 完成式; to be doing进行式动名词 doing : 有having done完成式; being done被动式 ;非谓语动词的特点：三种非谓语动词都具有动词的特征,虽然它们没有人称和数的变化,但是它们都能带自己的状语或有时跟宾语.它们都有各自的特征：分词具有形容词和副词的特征；动名词具有名词的特征；不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征.具体来讲：分词在句子中可以做定语、表语、状语或补足语等；动名词在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语等；不定式在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语、补足语或状语.下面分别对三种非谓语动词进行讲解：一．动词不定式先看几个例句,判断不定式在句中的成分.1．To learn a foreign language is difficult .2． His wish is to be a driver .3．Tom wanted to have a cup of beer .4．The teacher told us to do morning exercises .5．I have nothing to say .6．They went to see their aunt .7．It’s easy to see their aunt.8．I don’t know what to do next .9．I heard them make a noise .说明：1．动词不定式作主语, 2.动词不定式作表语,3.动词不定式作宾语,4．动词不定式作宾语补足语,5．动词不定式作定语,6．动词不定式作目的状语,7．动词不定式作真正主语,it 代替动词不定式,作形式主语.8．带有连接代词的动词不定式作宾语,9．不带to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语.掌握动词不定式应注意的几个问题：1．“to” 是不定式符号还是介词,下列短语中的to 都是介词.agree to object to close to , come to , lead to , refer to ,equal to , familiar to , point to , thank to , devote to , next to , belong to , be used to , look forward to2．带to 还是不带toI have no choice but to give inI cannot do anything but give inI saw him enter the classroom .但是： He was seen to enter the classroom .3．动词不定式逻辑主语是由for 作为标记的.但是有时用of .It’s necessary for you to study hard .It’s foolish of him to do it .与of 连用的形容词有：good, kind , nice , wise ,clever , foolish , right , wrong , careful , careless , polite , possible4．后接不定式作宾语的动词有：want , hope , wish , like , begin , try , need , forget , agree , know , promise , teach , refuse , help , arrange , dare , decide , determine , fail , manage , offer , prepare , continue , ask , mean , choose , expect etc.需要宾语补足语的动词不能用动词不定式直接做介词的宾语,而要用it做形式宾语.例如：通常不说We think to obey the laws is important . 而说We think it important to obey the laws .5．不定式的省略.下列短语中,如果意义明确,常常省略到to .want to , wish to ,hope to , like to , hate to , plan to , try to , love to , have to , o ught to , need to , used to , be able to6．不定式作定语,应注意两种关系：1动宾关系：He has a lot of meeting to attend .Please lend me something to write with .He is looking for a room to liveHe is looking for a room to live in .He has no money and no placeto live in .I think the best way to travel by is on foot .There is no time to think about .2主谓关系：She is always the last person to speak at the meeting .----I’m going to the post office , for I have a l etter to post . 逻辑主语是I-------Thank you. But I have no letters to be posted now 逻辑主语不是I7．不定式作状语,可以有以下几种意义：1 原因He is lucky to get here on time .这种结构中常用的形容词有：happy , glad , delighted , pleased , sorry , eager , anxious . lucky , fortunate , proud , angry surprised , frightened , disappointed , ready , clever , foolish , worthy2 目的He came to help me with my maths .3 结果I hurried to get there only to find him out .The book is too hard for the boy to read .He is old enough to go to school .8 . 不定式作补足语I saw him play in the street just now .能跟不带to 的不定式作补足语的动词有：see , feel , hear , listen to , look at , watch , let , have make, observe, notice 注: 当这些词为被动式时,不定式要带to , 如：He was seen to play in the street just now.二．动名词Learning English is very difficult .学英语非常困难.His job is driving a bus .他的工作是开车.I enjoy dancing .我喜欢跳舞.I have got used to living in the country .我已经习惯了住农村.Take some sleeping tablets , and you will soon fall asleep .吃点安眠药,你很快就会入睡.注意以下几种结构：1．There’s no telling what will happen .=It’s impossible to tell what will happen .= No one can tell what will happen .2．It’s no use talking with him .It’s no good speaking to them like that .3．There’s some difficulty in doing …在此句型中,difficulty 可以由以下单词替换:trouble , problem , fun , pleasure , a good time , a hard time 注意以下几个问题：1．下列动词后跟不定式与跟动名词作宾语意义有区别, forget to do … 忘记要做某事forget doing… 忘记做了某事remember to do…记住要做某事remember doing …记着做了某事mean to do … 有意要做某事mean doing … 意味着做了某事regret to do … 对要做的事表示后悔regret doing … 对做过去的事后悔can’t help to do…不能帮助做某事can’t help doing … 情不自禁做某事try to do … 尽力去做某事try doing 试着做某事learn to do … 学着去做某事learn doing … 学会做某事stop to do … 停下来去做另一件事stop doing … 停止做某事go on to do … 接着做另外一件事go on doing … 继续做某事used to do … 过去做某事be used to doing … 习惯做某事2．动名词作定语与现在分词作定语意义有区别动名词作定语表达 n+ for doing 的含义现在分词作定语表达 n+whichwho be doing的含义如：a sleeping car = a car for sleepinga running horse = a horse which is running前者是动名词 , 后者是现在分词又如： drinking water , walking stick running water , sleeping boy3．动名词的逻辑主语：动名词的逻辑主语为代词或名词的所有格形式.例如：His coming made us very happy .4．动名词的语态和时态5．动名词主动形式表被动的情况：need doing , want doing , require doing例如： This room needs painting . 这个房间需要粉刷.6．只能跟动名词作宾语的动词：admit , avoid , advise , consider , delay , deny , enjoy , escape , excuse , fancy , finish , complete , forbid , imagine , mind , miss , permit . practise , require , suggest ,risk , keep, take to , look forward to , get down to , feel like , can’t help , can’t stand , be used to ,insist on , succeed in , set about, give up , include ,三．分词1 The story is interesting . I’m interested in it .这个故事有兴趣,我对这个故事感兴趣.2 . This is a moving film .这是一部动人的电影.3. The secretary worked late into the night , preparing a long speech for the president .秘书工作到深夜,为主席准备一篇长篇演讲稿.4. Given more tim e , I’ll do it well .如果给我多一点时间,我会做的更好.When he passed the back of the street , he saw the thief stealing some money from the bank .当他后街时,看到小偷正从银行偷钱.应注意的几个问题：1．现在分词与过去分词的区别Do you know the woman talking to Tom= Do you know the woman who is talking to TomThe soldier wounded in the war has become a doctor.= The soldier who was wounded in the war has become a doctor.China is a developing country and America is a developed country.2．分词作表语The news sounds encouraging .They got very excited .1现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别：The news is interesting .He is interested in the news .doing 作表语,主语与表语是主谓关系；done 作表语,主语与表语是动宾关系.2表语与被动式的区别：The blackboard was broken by Xiao Ming .强调动作。
动名词用法
在英语教学过程中，不少学生会混淆动名词与现在分词。
在遇到动词的-ing形式时，他们比较难区分到底什么时候动词的-ing形式是动名词，什么时候是现在分词。
为了区分这两者，首先，我们要从概念上认识它们。
动词的-ing形式在起名词作用时，称为动名词；用作形容词时，称为现在分词。
其次，我们要从用法方面区分动词的-ing形式是动名词还是现在分词。
一、动词的-ing形式用作主语时，其为动名词，现在分词不可以用作主语。
1．动名词用作主语（例句中，斜体部分为主语。
）Reading French is easier than speaking it. 阅读法文比讲法语容易。
Talking to him is talking to a wall. 和他说话等于对牛弹琴。
Smoking can cause cancer. 吸烟会致癌。
Growing roses is her hobby. 种玫瑰是她的爱好。
2．有时it作形式主语，把动名词主语放在句子后面（例句中，斜体部分为主语。
）。
It’s nice seeing you again. 再次见到你太好了。
It was tiring driving from morning till night. 从早到晚开车很累人。
It’s a wonder meeting you here. 在这里碰到你真是奇迹。
It was a waste of time reading that book. 看那本书是浪费时间。
3．“There is + no”后可以用动名词作主语There was no knowing what he could do. 他能做什么很难说。
There was no arguing with her. 没法和她争论。
二、动词的-ing形式用作宾语时，其为动名词，现在分词不可以用作宾语。
1．有许多动词可接动名词作宾语I suggested bringing the meeting to an end. 我建议结束会议。
英语动词所有用法梳理!动词不定式、情态动词、主动被动
1动词原形及不定式的用法动词原形的用法1.除单三人称的一般现在时，其它人称作主语，动词用原形。
2.将来时态shall, will, should, would之后用动词原形。
3.祈使句句子开头用动词原形。
4.助动词do, does, did之后用动词原形。
5.情态动词can、could、may, might, have/has to, must, need, dare ,ought to之后用动词原形。
6.使役动词let、make、have 之后用动词原形。
7.感官动词see、watch、notice、hear、feel、find之后用动词原形(说明动作已经结束)。
8.had better 之后用动词原形。
9.why / why not 之后用动词原形。
10.would rather dosth . than do sth .11.prefer to dosth. rather than do sth./ prefer doing sth. to doing sth.动名词的用法1.介词之后动词要用动名词形式（动词+ing）2.部分动词之后的动词只能用动名词形式：enjoy, finish, practice, mind, spend,dislike, find , keep3.部分短语后省略了介词in: have fun/ problems/ difficulties/trouble /a good time doing be busy doing,4.be worth doing, can’t help doing , feel like doing , do some doing sth.5.下面这些动词既可跟动名词又可跟不定式：like / love / hatedoing (doing表示习惯)(to do表示具体的动作)stop doing（表示停止）（doing表示开始做不定式的动作）;remember , forget （不定式表示未做；动名词表示已做）;try （doing表示试着做；to do表示努力做）;go on (doing继续做相同的事to do继续做不同的事)begin , start （to do与doing区别不大）;need （人作主语用to do ；物作主语用doing表示被动）;mean（人作主语用to do表示“打算做”；事/ 物作主语用doing表示“意味着”）;这些动词既可跟动词原形，又可跟ing形式：see,watch,hear.notice (用原形是指动作结束，ing 表示动作正在进行)动词不定式的用法1.ask/tell/want/order/teach/wish/wouldlike/invite/encourage sb. to do sth.2.ask/tell/want/order/teach/wish/wouldlike/invite/encourage sb. not to do sth.3.Help...(to) dosth.4.主系表+ 不定式（to do）5.主系表+for sb + 不定式（to do）6.部分动词既可跟动名词又可跟不定式：（同动名词6）7.疑问词+不定式（to do）可以把复合句变为简单句，（to = 主语+will/would/can）2英语动词双写规则及常见动词英语动词双写规则必须同时满足以下4 个条件1) 该动词的发音以重读闭音节结尾；重读闭音节就是指在一个音节中，元音字母不是发它本身的字母音，以辅音字母结尾，而且是重读音节的音节。
不定式或动名词作动词宾语的用法
许多现在分词已经成为形容词，如amusing,annoyｉng,asｔonishiｎg,attracｔing,boring,ｄiｓaｐpointing，ｄiｓcourａｇiｎg,eｎｃouｒaｇiｎｇ，excitiｎg,frｉｇhtｅｎｉng，inｔｅｒesting,iｎｓpiring,inｖiting，pleasｉng，ｐuzzlinｇ，shocking,ｓurｐrising，tiｒiｎｇ等，这些词都是由它们的同源动词加-ｉng变来的,都具有主动意义,译成“令人……的”,同普通形容词一样可以由副词修饰,也可以有比较等级。
sｔａｒt,ｂegｉn，ｃonｔiｎue,likｅ,lovｅ,ｈａte等,意思基本没有区别。
lovｅ，likｅ和hate接动名词和不定式时,表示长久的、规律性的好恶用动名词,表示一时的、个别性的好恶常用不定式。如:
He hatｅeatinｇfisｈfromhischiｌdｈood.
他从小就不喜欢吃鱼。
Myhairｎeeｄscutting.swｏrthreaｄinｇ.=Ｔｈｅ ｂook is wortｈtoｂeread．
②不带to的不定式。
常用的有“十一个半动词”:五看二听一感觉,三个使役来帮助。即ｌook,sｅe,wａtch,noｔicｅ，obｓerｖe, listen,hear,feｅｌ,makｅ，ｈave,leｔ，ｈelp。由于help也可使用带tｏ的不定式,所以它算半个。
此外还有一些不带ｔo的习语：had bettｅr do,wouldraｔｈeｒdo thanｄo,ｗhｙnot等。
③作定语时，动词不定式结构放在被修饰语的后面，作后置定语;动名词通常放在被修饰语之前，多表示被修饰语的用途。
现在分词
现在分词是动词词尾加-iｎg构成的。它们还保留着动词的特征,并带有形容词和副词的功能。因此,现在分词在句子中可以作定语、表语和状语。除此之外，现在分词还可以充当动词的宾补。及物动词的现在分词有主动意义,不及物动词的现在分词则表示动作正在进行。
(完整版)高中英语语法讲解【非谓语动词】
高中英语语法讲解【非谓语动词】【专题要点】非谓语动词和独立主格结构主要用法如下:1.动名词和动词不定式作主语、宾语；2。
只跟动名词作宾语的动词或动词短语；3.只跟动词不定式作宾语的常见动词；4.既可以跟动名词又可以跟动词不定式作宾语，且意义不同的动词或短语；5。
不定式、现在分词、过去分词作宾语补足语的区别；6。
不定式、现在分词、过去分词作定语时的区别;7。
不定式、现在分词、过去分词作状语时的区别；8。
动名词的复合结构在句中作状语；9。
there be 结构的两种非谓语形式;10。
独立主格结构在句中作状语；11.with复合结构在句中作状语或定语.【教法指引】非谓语动词包括不定式、v-ing形式和过去分词，是高中英语学习的难点，也是高考考查的重点。
高中英语非谓语动词是一个重要考点，教师在引导学生复习备考中要注意重点突出、训练得当,尤其是对以下要点的复习：1.不定式、现在分词与过去分词的用法区别；2.非谓语动词的主动式与被动式；3。
非谓语动词完成式的用法;4。
非谓语动词用作伴随状语;5.非谓语动词用作目的状语；6。
非谓语动词用作结果状语;7.非谓语动词用作宾语补足语；8.非谓语动词的逻辑主语问题；9.非谓语动词用作主语的问题;10。
“（be+)过去分词+介词”结构；11.动名词的复合结构和there be结构的非谓语动词形式。
对于独立主格结构的复习,教师必须要讲清它的构成方式和在句子中的作用以及与with复合结构和分词之间的辨析的关系.【知识网络】非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和现在分词。
为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和含义，我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语以及一些特殊结构句型等角度来区分其用法和细微含义。
1．不定式和动名词作主语的区别（1）动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作.Smoking is prohibited（禁止）here．这里禁止抽烟。
动词不定式与动名词作宾语的区别
动词不定式与动名词作宾语的区别英语中有的及物动词只能跟动名词作宾语；有的及物动词只能跟动词不定式作宾语；但也有及物动词的宾语既是动名词又是动词不定式.区别在于：一、在want，decide，promise,refuse,agree，wish,hope，expect等及物动词后面的宾语只能是动词不定式，不是动名词.如：1。
I want to have a talk with her.我想跟她谈谈.2。
Our teacher decided to stay with us.老师决定留下来与我们在一起。
3。
My English teacher promised to lend some books to me.我的英语老师答应借给我一些书。
4.My mother refused to go there with us。
我妈妈拒绝和我们一起去那里。
二、在一些动词后要求只跟动名词作宾语：1、在finish，enjoy,mind，suggest，practise，admit承认advise建议allow 允许appreciate 感激，avoid避免，consider考虑，delay推迟,deny 否认，discuss 讨论,dislike 不喜欢，enjoy 喜爱，escape 逃脱，excuse 原谅，fancy 设想，finish 完成,forbid 禁止,forgive 原谅，give up 放弃,imagine 想像,keep 保持,mention 提及，mind 介意 miss 没赶上,pardon 原谅，permit允许，practise练习，prevent 阻止，put off 推迟,report 报告，risk 冒险，stop 停止，suggest 建议,understand 理解。
1.I advise waiting a few more days。
我建议再等几天。
2.I admit breaking the window. 我承认窗子是我打破的。
初中英语10个常见动词
初中英语10个常见动词初中英语动词固定搭配，只接动名词作宾语的10个常用动词，赶紧背下来吧！1. practice doing sth. 练习做某事I practice playing the piano twice a week.我每周练习两次弹钢琴。
2. consider doing sth. 考虑做某事I consider waiting a bit longer before I give up.我考虑放弃之前再等待一段时间。
3. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事I enjoy playing basketball.我喜欢打篮球。
4. finish doing sth. 完成做某事Let's finish doing the work together.让我们一起完成工作吧。
5. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事My father has given up smoking.我爸爸已经戒烟了。
6. imagine doing sth. 想象做某事I can't imagine marrying such a woman.我不能想象娶了这样一个女人。
7. keep doing sth. 一直做某事I kept studying English for 1 hour yesterday evening.昨天晚上，我一直学了1小时英语。
8. put off doing sth. 推迟做某事Sometimes students put off doing their homework until the last minute.有时学生们会拖延到最后一分钟才做作业。
9. risk doing sth. 冒险做某事To win the gamble,he risked losing 100 dollars.为了赢这场赌局,他冒了失去100美元的风险。
10. suggest doing sth. 建议做某事I suggest traveling abroad next month.我建议下个月出国旅行。
常用句型动名词与不定式的区别
常用句型动名词与不定式的区别动名词和不定式作为英语语法中常用的词组形式，经常被用于表达特定的含义和语境。
本文将重点介绍动名词与不定式的区别，以帮助读者更好地理解和使用这两种句型。
一、定义和形式1. 动名词（Gerund）是动词的一种形式，以-ing结尾，并且在句中充当名词的角色。
动名词的形式为动词的原形 + -ing，例如：reading, swimming, studying等。
2. 不定式（Infinitive）是动词的一种形式，一般由“to + 动词原形”构成。
例如：to read, to swim, to study等。
二、句法用法1. 主语和宾语（1）动名词作为主语，常用于表达一般性的或已经完成的动作。
例如：Swimming is my favorite hobby.（游泳是我最喜欢的爱好。
）（2）不定式作为主语，常用于表达将来的或可能的动作。
例如：To travel around the world is my dream.（环游世界是我的梦想。
）（3）动名词作为宾语，常用于及物动词之后。
例如：I enjoy swimming in the ocean.（我喜欢在海洋中游泳。
）（4）不定式作为宾语，常用于及物动词之后，并带有to。
例如：She wants to go shopping this weekend.（她想在这个周末去购物。
）2. 补语（1）动名词作为补语，常用于及物动词之后。
例如：I find it interesting watching movies.（我发现看电影很有趣。
）（2）不定式作为补语，常用于及物动词之后，并带有to。
例如：She considers him to be a good friend.（她认为他是个好朋友。
）3. 定语和状语（1）动名词作为定语，修饰名词。
例如：I have a swimming lesson tomorrow.（我明天有一节游泳课。
动词后跟动名词口诀
初中英语语法口诀歌1.数词变化规律及读法口诀两大数词基和序，前表数量后第几。
构成先谈基数词，1至12请认真记。
13至19teen结尾齐，ty结尾表示几十。
若要表达几十几，几十短横1到9。
Onehundred一百记，若表几百几十几。
几百and几十几，基数规律上述里。
再把序数谈仔细，第一至三独立记。
第四至十九结尾th,第廿到九十有规律。
基数基础y变ieth。
第几十几有特例，第几十由基数起，几用序数有道理。
第一百onehundred。
若说第一百几十几。
Onehundredand第几十几。
谈此即告一段落。
序有缩式莫忘记，上述须用心体味。
2.句子种类口诀句子按用途分四大体，陈述疑问感叹和祈使。
陈述用来叙述一件事。
疑问主要用来提问题。
祈使表达命令和请求。
表达强烈感情感叹句。
上述九是句种之定义。
祈使主语you被抛弃。
若将其变成否定形式，动词之前加don’t是正理。
3.陈述句变感叹句口诀英语陈述变感叹两句套。
What或How加其他成分表。
What[a(an)]形加名用的妙。
剩余照写句末用感叹号。
How后副和形是正确道，其后照写感叹号堪称妙。
4.一般现在时用法及句型转换口诀经常习惯动作和真理，是一般现在时的定义。
构成除单三皆动原式。
若逢动词第三人称体，动词变单三式有道理。
若要变成否定的形式，动词原形之前加don’t,除单三人称外无特例。
单三式前doesn’t动原基。
句首Do,Does疑问起，Does用单三人称限制，单三还原形没大问题。
5.变动词单三人称口诀一般情况动词尾-s加。
O,s,ch,sh结尾“-es”没有差。
辅音加y去y为“-ies”是方法。
6.现在进行时及句型转换口诀现在正在进行之动作，用现在进行时来掌舵。
构成be加现在分词妥，be的用法如同系动词。
切记be是助动词没错，be后面加not否定拓。
Be提句首疑问有把握，上述内容记清好处多。
7.现在分词构成口诀词尾直加-ing是一般式，若遇无音e去之加-ing。
英语中动词的用法总结
英语中动词的用法总结（一）动词概述动词是表示人或事物的动作、存在、变化的词。
根据其词义和其在谓语中的作用可分为实义动词、助动词和情态动词。
根据其在句子中的功用可分为及物动词，不及物动词和连系动词。
1）实义动词：意义完全，能独立用作谓语。
如：enable，watch，run，open等。
2）连系动词：是一个表示谓语关系的动词。
它必须在后面接表语（通常为名词或形容词）。
如：seem，look，smell，taste，sound，get，become，turn，be等。
3）助动词：本身没有词汇意义。
不能单独用作谓语。
在句中与实义动词一起构成各种时态、语态、语气以及否定和疑问结构。
如：do，does，did等。
4）情态动词：词义不完全。
在句中不能单独作谓语，只能与实义动词一起构成谓语。
如：can，may，must，need，XXX等。
（二）动词的时态1.动词的时态一共有16种，以ask为例，将其各种时态的构成方式列表以下：一般进行完成完成进行现在时ask / asksam/is/are askinghave/has asked过去时asked将来时shall/will ask过去将来时should/would askXXXhad askedshall/will have askedshould/would have asked have/has beenaskinghad been askingshall/will have beenshould/would have been askingasking1）一般现在时：观点：常常、重复发生的动作或行动及目前的某种状况。
时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc.基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。
英语三级必考语法1
●●我不记得向你借过钱。
●Remember我忘了我见过他。
●Don’t forget●我后悔没有努力学英语.（regret—懊悔,studying表示发生在谓语动作之前.）●I regret我很抱歉不能和你一起去看电影。
（regret—抱歉,to say是指现在。
)1．You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting。
--Well，now I regret _______ that。
A. to do B。
to be doing C. to have done D. having done1．D regret doing sth （或having done sth）=后悔做……。
Regret to do sth=抱歉或者遗憾做……。
我打算坐飞机去.（propose—打算，go there指自己去。
）●He proposes他建议坐飞机去.（propose—建议；going there是泛指；不见得是他本人.)在need，want，clean，require，to be worth等词后面跟动名词时,一般不用被动,用不定式需用被动。
as-—尽管as引导让步状语从句时，句子通常倒装。
可与though互换as——因为，通常放在句首。
情态动词一、“must do （be）” must be doing"表示对现在情况的推测“must have done (been)"表示对过去情况的推测.二、should/ought to “should/ought to have done （been)。
"表示过去应该做而没有做三、could “could have done(been）"表示过去时间里某个动作或某种情况本来能发生，但事实上并未发生。
四、had better和would rather，would sooner.。
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带*的短语动词只能跟动名词。
acknowledge 承认
She acknowledged receiving assistance.
她承认得到了帮助。
* accuse of 指控
He was accused of smuggling contraband goods. 他被指控走私违禁品。
admit 承认
They admitted falsifying the data.
他们承认伪造了数据。
advise 建议
The author advises undertaking further study.
作者建议进一步研究。
anticipate 预料
He anticipates having trouble with his supervisor. 他预料到自己的上司会有麻烦。
appreciate 感谢
I appreciated having a chance to read your draft. 我很感谢有机会读你的草稿。
avoid 回避
He avoided answering my question.
他回避回答我的问题。
complete 完成
I finally completed writing my thesis.
我终于写完了论文。
consider 考虑
They will consider granting you money.
他们会考虑给你钱的。
defer 推迟
She deferred writing her report.
她推迟写报告。
delay 推迟
We delayed reporting the results until we were sure. 我们推迟了报告结果，直到我们确定。
deny 否认
They denied copying the information.
他们否认复制了这些信息。
discuss 讨论
They discussed running the experiments again.
他们又讨论了进行实验的问题。
entail 需要
This review procedure entails repeating the test.
这个审查程序需要重复测试。
* look after 打理
He will look after mailing the tickets.
他将负责寄票。
* insist on 坚持
He insisted on proofreading the article again.
他坚持要重新校对这篇文章。
involve 包含
This procedure involves testing each sample twice. 这个过程包括对每个样品进行两次测试。
justify 证明
My results justify taking drastic action.
我的结果证明我应该采取严厉的行动。
mention 提到
The author mentions seeing this event.
作者提到看到了这个事件。
* plan on 计划
They had planned on attending the conference.
他们原计划参加会议。
postpone 推迟
The committee has postponed writing the report. 委员会已推迟编写该报告。
recall 回忆起
I cannot recall getting those results before.
我记不起以前得到过那些结果。
resent 讨厌
He resented spending so much time on the project. 他讨厌在这个项目上花那么多时间。
recommend 建议
She recommends reading Marx.
她建议读马克思。
resist 拒绝
The writer resists giving any easy answers.
作者拒绝给出任何简单的答案。
risk 冒...的风险
She risks losing her viewing time.
她冒着失去观看时间的危险。
sanction 许可
They will not sanction copying without permission. 他们不会批准未经许可的复制。
suggest 建议
I suggest repeating the experiment. 我建议重复这个实验。
* take care of 处理
He will take care of sending it to you. 他会把它寄给你的。
tolerate 容忍
She can’t tolerate waiting for results. 她不能容忍等待结果。