2000年专四真题单选及答案详解

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2000年高等学校西班牙语专业四级考试真题答案

国内各类考试题无需注册免费成套下载提倡教育资源共享，尽在看看试题库网
提倡教育资源共享，尽在看看试题库网国内各类考试题无需注册免费成套下载
国内各类考试题无需注册免费成套下载
国内各类考试题无需注册免费成套下载
国内各类考试题无需注册免费成套下载
国内各类考试题无需注册免费成套下载
提倡教育资源共享，尽在看看试题库网
提倡教育资源共享，尽在看看试题库网国内各类考试题无需注册免费成套下载
国内各类考试题无需注册免费成套下载
国内各类考试题无需注册免费成套下载
提倡教育资源共享，尽在看看试题库网
提倡教育资源共享，尽在看看试题库网国内各类考试题无需注册免费成套下载
国内各类考试题无需注册免费成套下载
国内各类考试题无需注册免费成套下载
当的解释解释。

国内各类考试题无需注册免费成套下载
参考参考答案答案答案：：c) 国内各类考试题无需注册免费成套下载
国内各类考试题无需注册免费成套下载。

2000-2002年德语专业四级真题及详解【圣才出品】

2000-2002年德语专业四级真题及详解【圣才出品】2000年德语专业四级真题及详解Ⅰ. Diktat (10P) (15Minuten)Sie h?ren den Text drei mal. Zuerst h?ren Sie den ganzen Text einmal an. Dann schreiben Sie den Text Satz für Satz. Die l? ngeren S?tze werden in Teilen vorgelesen. Zuletzt h?ren Sie den ganzen Text noch einmal. Nun fangen wir an.【答案】Warum nieht auf dem Land leben?Es hat manchcn Vortcil, auf dem Land zu leben: Die Luft ist bcsscr. Jeder kennt jeden. Oft wohnen mehrere Generationen unter einem Dach. Früher war das Leben in der Stadt und auf dem Land kaum vergleichbar. Heute haben sich die Unterschiede verringert, aber sie sind immer noch sichtbar. Von vielen wird das Leben in D?rfern und kleinen Orten positiv bewertet. Vor einigen Jahrzchnten wurde es noch als grof?er Nachteil gesehen.Das Landleben hat doch Nachteile. Man verdient weniger Geld. ?rztliche Behandlung, Krankenh?user und Altersheime sind schlechter als in der Stadt. Viele Berufsgruppen k?nnen auf dem Land keine geeignete Arbeit finden. Das kulturelle Angebot ist vicl geringer. Wet das nicht kann, ist für das Landleben nicht geboren.Ⅱ. H?rverstehen(20P) (20Minuten)Teil1 AlltagssituationenSie h?ren im folgenden 6 Dialoge nur einmal. Makieren Sie die L?sungen auf dem Antwortbogen.1. a. Um 4 Uhr nachmittagsb. Um 2 Uhr nachmittagsc. Vor 14 Uhr【答案】b【解析】对话⼈B说现在是中午休息时间，到下午两点才能修鞋。

2000年专四真题单选与答案详解

2000 年41.Acute hearing helps most animals sense the approach of thunderstorms long before people___.A. doB. hearC. do themD. hearing it答案： A【参考译文】敏锐的听觉使多数动物能远在人之前感觉到雷雨的来临。

【试题分析】本题为语法题，考句子成份的省略与替代。

【详细解答】“ Acute hearing helps”是主句和before 引导的从句具有相同的主语和谓语，从句中省略了该相同部分，用助动词do 代替了与主句重复的信息“sense the approach of thunderstorms ．”故答案为选项 A。

42.This is an illness that can result in total blindness ___left untreated.A. afterB. ifC. sinceD. unless答案： B【参考译文】这种病如果不加以治疗，患者会完全失明。

【试题分析】本题为语法题，考查连词的用法。

【详细解答】after 和 since 都是引导时间状语从句， since 还可作“因为”讲，引导原因状语从句。

if“如果”和unless“除非”都可以引导条件状语从句。

但if 后接过去分词短语，省略的成分为主语+系动词，该主语只有与主句的主语相同才可省略。

根据句意和句子结构，选项 B 为正确答案。

43.The central provinces have floods in some years, and ___.A. drought in othersB. droughts are othersC. while other droughtsD. others in drought答案： A【参考译文】中部省份在有些年份会遭水灾，在另一些年份会遭旱灾。

全国英语专业四级2000年考试试题参考答案

2000年全国英语专业四级考试试题参考答案:听力原文PART ⅡDICTA TIONWhat We Know About LanguageMany things about language are a mystery and will remain so. However, we now do know something about it. First, we know that all human beings have a language of some sort. No human race anywhere on earth is so backward that it has no language of its own at all. Second , there is no such thing as a primitive language. There are many people whose cultures are undeveloped but the languages they speak are by no means primitive. In all the languages existing in the world today, there are complexities that must have been developed for years. Third, we know that all languages are perfectly adequate. Each is a perfect means of expressing its culture. And finally, we know that language changes over time, which is natural and normal if a language is to survive. The language which remains unchanged is nothing but dead.PART ⅢLISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A STA TEMENT1. Harry’s brother would not remain an engine driver if he were ambitious.2. Would you mind waiting a few minutes? Ms Ellis is being examined by her physician at this moment.3. Joan is in hospital. I’d like to send her a handbag she can use later in the law office, where she is employed.4. Mary and I work in the same office. We are on five days and off two days in a week. Every timeI see her, she is wearing a different silk scarf.5. We’ll come aboard Southeast Service to Red Hill, East Corydon and Victoria, with changes in Red Hill for Gilford.6. What we need here is a clerk who is careful and CONSIDERA TE. Let’s write that in the ad: carefulness and consideration are a must.7. I used to think Emily was honest and trust-worthy, but now I know better.8. The first train to Green Hill leaves at 6:28. There is a train every hour on the hour and every 28 minutes PAST the hour.9. The trouble is no matter how hard he tried, Malcolm didn’t seem to get anywhere.SECTION B CONVERSA TION10. M：What do you think? Am I OK?W: Well, there is some information that seems to me ... I want to have a thorough checkup and do some tests.11. M: It’s hot! I wish it would rain and cool off!W: This isn’t usual for November. I don’t remember it ever being so hot and dry in November before.12. M: Many people prefer taking public buses or the subway or even taxis because parking is getting to be a real headache in some parts of the city.W: That doesn’t surprise me.13. M: Hello, Good morning, I’m calling to check on the status of my computer.W: Well, the new parts have just been coming in,so it should be ready by Friday.14. M：My goodness, the service in this restaurant is really terrible, a lot worse than before. W: Right. It’s high time they got rid of half the staff here if you ask me.15. M: Operator, I booked a long-distance collect call for my sister in Switzerland 25 minutes ago, but I haven’t got a reply yet.W: Sorry，I ring it for you right now.16. W: I’ll wear this blue jacket. I like the color on me, don’t you think?M: I think it looks terrific on you,really.17. M: How did Mr. Hunt’s project turn out? I heard he had trouble with the financing, but then he could get the loan he wanted.W: It’s true. He did have difficulties at first. But all in all, the project couldn’t have turned out better.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTNews Item One (18)NA TO and Russia are reporting some progress in efforts to finalize a charter governing their post-cold-war relationship. But they stressed more work must be done to settle their differences in military and political issues. A fifth round of talks between the Russian foreign minister and NA TO Secretary General ended Tuesday in Luxembourg.News Item Two (19-20)A Boeing 727 aircraft with 51 passengers and 10 crew on board has crashed into a mountain side just outside the Columbia capital, Bogota. Police and rescue workers said everyone was killed when the plane exploded scattering wreckage over a wide area. The crash happened shortly after take-off when the plane was unable to gain enough height to clear the mountains. The aircraft belonged to Ecuadorian Airline, but it had been chartered by Air-France for the route from Bogota to Ecuadorian Capital, Quito.News Item Three (21-22)The US has designated thirty international groups as terrorist organizations, barring them from receiving money, weapons or other support from US citizens. The new terrorist list includes a Palestinian group Hamas, the Pro-Iranian Hezbollah, Cambodian’s Khmer Rouge, the Basque separatist group ETA, Sri Lanka’s Tamitigers, and Peru-based Shining Path and Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement. The list does not include the Irish Republican Army or the Palestinian Liberation Organization. US Secretary of State Maddine Albright says the affected groups will have their US visas revoked and US financial assets frozen.News Item Four (23)Israeli prosecutors are reviewing charges against Prime Minister, Benjamin Netanyahu, after Israeli police called off his indictment. Justice Ministry officials say they hope a decision on whether to bring charges against the Israeli leader will be announced Sunday. The case stems from the appointment of Runny Barong as Israeli attorney general. Critics charged the appointment was part of a conspiracy to end the trial of Netanyahu’s political ally.News Item Five (24-25)The combined left-wing opposition in France has defeated President Jaque Chirac’s ruling conservative coalition in the first round of the country’s parliamentary elections. Projections by French TV give the Socialist-led opposition 40% of the vote and Mr. Chirac’s center-right coalition 37%. If the left secures the majority of seats in parliament, Socialist leader Leono Jospin would likely became prime minister in the power-sharing arrangement with President Chirac.PART ⅢLISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A STA TEMENT1. 答案：A【问句译文】关于Harry的弟弟，下列哪一说法正确？【试题分析】本题为推理题。

2000英语专四真题.doc

2000英语专四CLOZEThe difference between a liquid and a gas is obvious ( 26 ) the conditions of temperature and pressure commonly found at the surface of the Earth. A liquid can be kept in an open container and ( 27 )it to the level of a free surface ・ A gas forms no free surface but ( 28 ) to diffuse throughout the space available; it must ( 29 ) be kept in a closed container, as ( 3() )a planet's atmosphere ・ The distinction was a prominent feature of early theories ( 31 )thc phases of matte 匸 In the nineteenth century, for example, one theory maintained that a liquid could be “dissolved" in a vapor without losing its identity, and another theory held that the two phases are ( 32 ) different kinds of molecules (分子)• The theories now prevailing ( 33 ) a quite different approach by emphasizing what liquids and gases have in comm on. They are both forms of matter that have no permanent structure, and they both flow easily. They arc fluids.The ( 34 ) similarly of liquids and gases becomes clearly apparent when the temperature and pressure are raised somewhat.( 35 ) a closed container partially filled with a liquid is heated ・ The liquid expands or ( 36 ), becomes less dense; some of it evaporates.( 37 ), the vapor above the liquid surface becomes denser as the evaporated molecules are added to it. The combination of temperature and pressure ( 38 ) the densities become equal is ( 39 ) the critical point. Above the critical point the liquid and the gas can no longer be ( 40 ); there is a single, undifferentiated fluid phase of uniform density.Part V GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY41. Acute hearing helps most animals sense the approach of thunderstormslong before people _A. doB ・ hearC ・ do themD .hearing it42. This is an illncss that can result in total blindness __ left untreated.A. AfterB. IfC. SinceD.unless43. The central provinces have floods in some years, and __ ・26. A. in B. on C. under D ・ beyond27. A. fills B ・ be filled C. filling D. to fill 2& A. intends B. t :ends C. inclines D. contends29. A. however B. nevertheless C. so D. therefore30. A . in the event of B. in the case ofC. with a view to D . with reference to31. A. having described B. describedC. describing D . to have described32. A. made up of B. consisted ofC. constituted ofD. made from33. A. apply B. adapt C. take D conduct34. A. elementar y B. crucial C ・ rudimentary D ・ fundamental 35. A. Suppose B . To suppose C. Being supposed D. Supposed 36. A. in a word B . in the meantime C ・ in other words D ・ in that 37. A. Similarly B ・ In contrast C. Furthermore D ・ Instead 3& A. on that B . on which C ・ at that D. at which39. A. known B . defined C. called D. referred to 40. A. classified B . recognized C. categorized D ・ distinguished caseA.droughts in othcrsB. droughts arc othersC. while other droughtsD・ others in drought44.Do help yourself to some fruit, __ you?A.can'tB. dorTtC. wouldn^tD. won't45.There __ n othing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier.A.to beB. to have beenC. beingD. be46.My mother can't get __ because she has rheumatism （风湿病）.A. aboutB.onC. throughD. in47.1 was very much put __ by Mark's rude behavior; it really annoyed me.A.overB.offC.upD.by48.You ___ J im anything about it. It was none of his business・A. needn't have toldB. needn't tellC. mustn't have toldD. mustn't tell49.All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there ___ quite such a crowd of people there.A. weren^tB・ hasn't beenC. hadn^t beenD. wouldn^t be50.Firms that use computers have found that the number of staff ____ is need for quality control can be substantially reducedA. whoseB.asC. whatD. that51. _ at in this way, the present economic situation doesn^t seem so gloomy.A. LookingB. LookedC・ Having lookedD. To look52.Many people arc __ to insect bites, and some even have to go to hospital.A. InsensitiveB. AllergicC. SensibleD. infected53.When you"re driving on a motorway, you must obey the signs telling you to get into the rightA.wayB .trackC.roadD」ane54.The motorist had to ___ to avoid knocking the old woman down in the middle of the road・A. SwerveB. TwistC. DepartD. swing55.In winter drivers have trouble stopping their cars from ___ o n icy roads.A. SkatingB. SkiddingC. SlidingD. slipping56.This project would __ a huge increase in defense spending.A. RcsultB. AssurcC・ EntailD・ accomplish57.The chances of a repetition of these unfortunate events are __ indeed.A. DistantB. SlimC. UnlikelyD. narrow58.We should make a clear ___ between "competent and "proficient^ for the purposes of our discussio n.A. SeparationB. DivisionC・ DistinctionD. difference59.In the present economic __ we can make even greater progress than previously.A. AirB. MoodC. AreaD. climate60.Rite of Passage is a good novel by any standards; __ , it should rank high on any list of science fiction.A. ConsistcntlyB. ConscqucntlyC. InvariablyD・ fortunately61.The diversity of tropical plants in the region represents a seemingly __ source of raw materials,of which only a few have been utilized.A. ExploitcdB. ControvcrsialC・ IncxhaustiblcD・ Remarkable62.While he was in Beijing, he spent all his time __ some import ant museums and buildings・A. VisitingB. TravelingC- WatchingD. touring63.You must let me have the annual report without __ b y ten o'clock tomorrow morning.A. FailureB. HesitationC. TroubleD. Fail64.As the director can^t come to the reception, Pm representing the companyA. on his accountB. on his bchalfC. for his partD・ in his interest65.Dreams are _ in themselves, but when combined with other data, they can tell us much about the dreamer.A. UninformativeB. StartlingC. HannlessD. UncontrollablePart VIREADING COMPREHENSION [30 MIN.]TEXT AClearly if we are to participate in the society in which we live we must communicate with other people. A great deal of communicating is performed on a person-to-person basis by the simple means of speech. If we travel in buses, buy things in shops, or eat in restaurants, we are likely to have conversations where we give information or opinions, receive news or comment, and very likely have our views challenged by other members of society/Face-to-face contact is by no means the only form of communication and during the last two hundred years the art of mass communication has become one of the dominating factors of contemporary society. Two things, above others, have caused the enormous growth of the communicationindustry. Firstly,inventiveness has led to advances in printing, telecommunications, photography, radio and television.Secondly, speed has revolutionised the transmission and reception of communications so that local news often takes a back seat to national news, which itself is often almost eclipsed by international news.No longer is the possession of information confined to a privileged minority. In the last century the wealthy man with his own library was indeed fortunate, but today there are public libraries. Forty years ago people used to flock to the cinema, but now far more people sit at home and turn on the TV to watch a program that is being channeled into millions of homcs/Communication is no longer merely concerned with the transmission of information. The modem communication industry influences the way people live in society and broadens their horizons by allowing access to information, education and entertainment. The printing, broadcasting and advertising industries are all involved with informing, educating and entertaining?Although a great deal of the material communicated by the mass media is very valuable to the individual and to the society of which he is a part, the vast modem network of communications is open to abuse. However, the mass media are with us for better, for worse, and there is no turning back.66.In the first paragraph the writer emphasizes the _ of face-to-face contact in social settings.A. NaturcB. LimitationC・ UscfulncssD. creativity67.It is implied in the passage that __ ・A.local news used to be the only source of information.B.local news still takes a significant place.C・ national news is becoming more popular.D・ international news is the fastest transmitted news.68.Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A.To possess information used to be a privilege・B.Public libraries have replaced private libraries.munication means more than transmission.D・ Information influences ways of life and thinking.69.From the last paragraph we can infer that the writer is _ ・A.indifferent to the harmful influence of the mass mediaB.happy about the drastic changes in the mass mediaC.pcssimistic about the future of the mass mediaD.concerned about the wrong use of the mass mediaTEXTBThe men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Distinguishing epithets were rarely added. These might be patronymic, descriptive or occupational. They were, however, hardly surnames. Heritable names gradually became general in the three centuries following the Norman Conquest in 1066・It was not until the 13th and 14th centuries that surnames became fixed, although for many years after that, the degree of stability in family names varied considerably in different parts of the country/British surnames fall mainly into four broad categories: patronymic, occupational, descriptive and local. A few names, it is true, will remain puzzling: foreign names, perhaps, crudely translated, adapted or abbreviated; or artificial names. In fact, over fifty percent of genuine British surnames derive from place names of different kinds, and so they belong to the last of our four main categories・ Even such a name as Simpson may belong to this last group, and not to the first, had the family once had its home in the ancient village of that name. Otherwise, Simpson means “the son of Simorf； as might be expected/Hundreds of occupational surnames are at once familiar to us, or at least recognizable after a little thought: Archer, Carter, Fisher, Mason, Thatcher, Taylor, to name but a few. Hundreds of others are more obscure in their meanings and testify to the amazing specialization in medieval arts, crafts and functions- Such arc "Day”，(Old English for bread maker) and “Walker" (a fuller whose job it was to clean and thicken newly made cloth)/All these vocational names carry with them a certain gravity and dignity, which descriptive names oft en lack. Some, it is true, like “Long”，“ShorL or “Little”，are simple・ They may be taken quite literally. Others require more thinking: their meanings are slightly different from the modem ones. “Black” and “White “ implied dark and fair respectively. “Shar p，' meant genuinely discerning, alert, acute rather than quick-witted or clever.Place-names have a lasting interest since there is hardly a town or village in all England that has not at some time given its name to a family. They may be picturesque, even poetical; or they may be pedestrian, even trivial. Among the commonernames which survive with relatively little change from old-English times are "Milton"(middle enclosure) and u Hilton^(enclosure on a hill).70.Surnames are said to be __ in Anglo-Saxon England・A. CommonB. VocationalC・ UnusualD・ descriptive71 ・ Wc learn from the first paragraph __ for many years after the 13th and 14th centuries.A・ family names became descriptive and occupationalB.people in some areas still had no surnamesC.some people kept changing their surnamesD.all family names became fixed in England72. "Patronymic" in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to “formed from____ ・A.the name of one's father^B.the family occupatiorTC.one's family home MD.oneM family history^73・ Which of the following sentences is an opinion rather than a fact?A.hundreds of occupational names arc at once familiar to us.B."Black” and 4t White^^ implied "dark" and "fair” respectively.C・ Vocational names carry with them a certain grav让y and dignity.D. Every place in England has given its name to a family.TEXTCSince the early 1930s, Swiss banks had prided themselves on their system of banking secrecy and numbered accounts・Over the years, they had successfully withstood every challenge to this system by their own government who, in turn, had been frequently urged by foreign governments to reveal information about the financial affairs to certain account holders. The result of this policy of sccrccy was that a kind of mystique had grown up around Swiss banking. There was a widely-held belief that Switzerland was irresistible to wealthy foreigners, mainly because of its numbered accounts and bankers" reluctance to ask awkward questions of depositors. Contributing to the mystique was the view, carefully propagated by the banks themselves, that if this secrecy was ever given up, foreigners would fall over themselves in the rush to withdraw money, and the Swiss banking system would virtually collapse overnight/To many, therefore, it came like a bolt out of the blue, when, in 1977, the Swiss banks announced they had signed a pact with the Swiss National Bank (the Central Bank). The aim of the agreement was to prevent to improper use of the country's bank secrecy laws, and its effect was to curb severely the system of secrecy/The rules which the banks had agreed to observe made the opening of numbered accounts subject to much closer scrutiny than before. The banks would be required, if necessary, to identify the origin of foreign funds going into numbered and other accounts. The idea was to stop such accounts being used for dubious purposes・ Also they agreed not to accept funds resulting from tax evasion or from crime/The pact represented essentially a tightening up of banking rules. Although the banks agreed to end relations with clients whose identities were unclear or who were performing improper acts, they were still not obliged to in form on a client to anyone, including the Swiss govern me nt. To some extent, therefore, the principle of secrecy had been maintained・74.Swiss banks took pride in __ .A.the number of their accountsB.withholding client informationC・ being mysterious to the outsiderD.attracting wealthy foreign clients75.__________ According to the passage, the widely-held belief that Switzerland was irresistible to wealthy foreigners was by banks themselves.A.deniedB. CriticizedC. ReviewedD. defended 76.1n the last paragraph, the writer thinks that______________________________________ ・plete changes had been introduced into Swiss banksB.Swiss banks could no longer keep client informationC.changcs in the bank policies had been somewhat superficialD.more changes need to be considered and madeTEXTDCoketown was a town of red brick, or of brick that would have been red if the smoke and the ashes had allowed it; but as matters stood it was a town of unnatural red and black like the painted face of a savage・It was a town of machinery and tall chimneys, out of which smoke trailed themselves for ever and ever. It had a black canal in it, and a river that ran purple with ill-smelling dye, andvast piles of buildings full of windows where there was a rattling and a trembling all day long, and where the piston of the steam-engine worked monotonously up an d down like the head of an elephant in a state of madness. The town contained several large streets all very like one another, and many small streets still more like one another, inhabited by people equally like one ano ther/A sunny midsummer day. There was such a thing sometimes, even in Coketown. Seen from a distance in such weather, Coketown lay covered in a haze of its own. You only knew the town was there, because you knew there could have been no such blotch upon the view without a town/ The streets were hot and dusty on the summer day, and the sun was so bright that it even shone through the haze over Coketown, and could not be looked at steadily. Workers emerged from low underground doorways into factory yards, and sat on posts and steps, wiping their faces and contemplating coals. The whole town see med to be frying in oil. There was a stifling smell of hot oil everywhere. The atmosphere of those places was like the breath of hell, and their inhabitants was ting with heat, toiled languidly in the desert• But no temperature made the mad elephants more mad or more sane. Their wearisome heads went up and down at the same rate, in hot weather and in cold, wet weather and dry fair weather and foul. The measured motion of their shadows on the walls, was the substitute Coketown had to show for the shadows of rustling woods; while for the summer hum of insects, it could offer all the year round, from the dawn of Monday to the night of Saturday, the whirl of shafts and wheels.77.Which of the following adjectives is NOT appropriate to describe Coketown?A. DullB. DirtyC. NoisyD. savage78.From the passage we know that Coketown was mainly a(n) __ town ・A. IndustrialB. AgriculturalC・ ResidentialD・ commercial79.Only __ were not affected by weather.A.the workmenB. the inhabitantsC. the steam-enginesD・ the rustling woods80.Which is the author^ opinion of Coketown? A.Coketown should be replaced by woods・B.The town was seriously polluted.C・ The town had too much oil in it.D.The town's atmosphere was traditional.完型填空短文人意：这篇文章介绍了气体与液体的特性及相关理论。

2000年英语专业四级考试真题及答案

2000年英语专业四级考试真题及答案Part Ⅰ WRITING［45 MIN.］SECTION A COMPOSITIONWrite on ANSWER SHEET ONE a composition of about 150 words on the following topic: College life should be varied and colourful. And extracurricular activities are an important aspect of it. However, at present, there is much room for improveme nt in this regard. Write an article to the university radio entitled:The Importance of Extracurricular ActivitiesIn the first part of your article you should clearly present your view, and in t he second part you should support your opinion with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or summ ary.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failur e to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.SECTION B NOTE-WRITING［10 MIN.］Write on ANSWER SHEET ONE a note of about 50-60 words based on the following situation:You’ve read on the notice board that the university library is looking for a par t-time library assistant who can work at weekends. You think that your classmate , George, is a suitable person for this vacancy. Write him a note, telling him w hat you know about the vacancy and trying to persuade him to go for an interview Marks will be awarded for content organization, grammar and appropriacyPart Ⅳ CLOZE［15 MIN.］Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on your answer sheet.The difference between a liquid and a gas is obvious ( 26 )the conditions of temperature and pressure commonly found at the sur face of the Earth. A liquid can be kept in an open container and ( 27 ) it to the level of a free surface. A gas forms no free surface but ( 28 ) to diffuse throughout the space available; it must ( 29 ) be kept in a closed container, as ( 30 ) a planet’s atmosphere. The distinction was a prominent feature of early theories ( 31 )the phases of matter. In the nineteenth century, for example, one theory maintained that a liquid could be “dissolved” in a vapor without losing its identity, and another theory held that the two phases are( 32 ) different kinds o f molecules(分子). The theories now prevailing ( 33 ) a quit e different approach by emphasizing what liquids and gases have in common. They are both forms of matter that have no permanent structure, and they both flow ea sily. They are fluids.The ( 34 ) similarly of liquids and gases becomes clear ly apparent when the temperature and pressure are raised somewhat. ( 35 ) a closed container partially filled with a liquid is heated. The li quid expands or ( 36 ) , becomes less dense; some of it evapor ates. ( 37 ) , the vapor above the liquid surface becomes dense r as the evaporated molecules are added to it. The combination of temperature an d pressure ( 38 ) the densities become equal is ( 3 9 ) the critical point. Above the critical point the liquid and the gas can no longer be ( 40 ) ; there is a single, undifferentiated fluid phase of uniform density.26. A. in B. on C. under D. beyond27. A. fills B. be filled C. filling D. to fill28. A. intends B. tends C. inclines D. contends29. A. however B. nevertheless C. so D. therefore 30． A. in the event of B. in the case of C. with a view to D. with reference to31. A. having described B. describedC. describingD. to have described32. A. made up of B. consisted of C. constitutedof D. made from33. A. apply B. adapt C. take D. conduct34. A. elementary B. crucialC. rudimentaryD. fundamental35. A. Suppose B. To suppose C. Being supposed D. Supposed36. A. in a word B. in the meantime C. in otherwords D. in that case37. A. Similarly B. In contrast C. Furthermore D. Instead38. A. on that B. on which C. at that D. at which39. A. known B. defined C. called D. referred to40. A. classified B. recognized C. categorized D. distinguishedPart Ⅴ GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY［15 MIN.］There are twenty-five sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your answer sheet.41. Acute hearing helps most animals sense the approach of thunderstorm s long before people___.A. doB. hearC. do themD. hearing it42. This is an illness that can result in total blindness ___ left u ntreated.A. afterB. ifC. sinceD.unless43. The central provinces have floods in some years, and ___.A. drought in othersB. droughts are othersC. while other droughtsD. others in drought44. Do help yourself to some fruit,___ you?A. can’tB. don’tC. wouldn’tD. won’t45. There___ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an e nd half an hour earlier.A. to beB. to have beenC. beingD. be46. My mother can’t get ___ because she has rheumatism (风湿病).A. aboutB.onC. throughD. in47. I was very much put ___ by Mark’s rude behavior; it really annoy ed me.A.overB.offC.upD.by48. You ___ Jim anything about it. It was none of his business.A. needn’t have toldB. needn’t tellC. mustn’t have toldD. mustn’t tell49. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there___ q uite such a crowd of people there.A. weren’tB. hasn’t beenC. hadn’t beenD. w ouldn’t be50. Firms that use computers have found that the number of staff ___ quality control can be substantially reduced.A.whoseB.asC.whatD.that51. ___ at in this way, the present economic situation doesn’t seem so gloomy.A. LookingB. LookedC. Having lookedD. To look52. Many people are ___ to insect bites, and some even have to goto hospital.A. insensitiveB. allergicC. sensibleD. infected53. When you’re driving on a m otorway, you must obey the signs telling you to get into the right ___.A.wayB.trackC.roadne54. The motorist had to ___to avoid knocking the old woman down in the middle of the road.A. swerveB. twistC. departD. swing55. In winter drivers have trouble stopping their cars from ___ on icy roads.A. skatingB. skiddingC. slidingD. slipping56. This project would ___ a huge increase in defense spending.A. resultB. assureC. entailD. accomplish57. The chances of a repetition of these unfortunate events are ___ indeed.A. distantB. slimC. unlikelyD. narrow58. We should make a clear ___ between ’competent’and ’proficient’ for the purposes of our discussion.A. separationB. divisionC. distinctionD. diffe rence59. In the present economic ___ we can make even greater progress than previously.A. airB. moodC. areaD. climate60. Rite of Passage is a good novel by any standards;___, it shoul d rank high on any list of science fiction.A. consistentlyB. consequentlyC. invariablyD. fortunately61. The diversity of tropical plants in the region represents a seeming ly___ source of raw materials, of which only a few have been utilized.A. exploitedB. controversialC.inexhaustible D. remarkable62. While he was in Beijing, he spent all his time ___ some import ant museums and buildings.A. visitingB. travelingC. watchingD. touring63. You must let me have the annual report without ___ by ten o’cl ock tomorrow morning.A. failureB. hesitationC. troubleD. fail64. As the director can’t come to the reception, I’m represent ing the c ompanyA. on his accountB. on his behalfC. for his partD. in his interest65. Dreams are___ in themselves, but when combined with other data, they can tell us much about the dreamer.A. uninformativeB. startlingC. harmlessD. uncontrollablePart Ⅵ READING COMPREHENSION［30 MIN.］SECTION A READING COMPREHENSION［25 MIN.］In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished stat ements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one th at you think is the best answer.Mark your answers on your answer sheet.TEXT AClearly if we are to participate in the society in which we live we must communi cate with other people. A great deal of communicating is performed on a person-t o-person basis by the simple means of speech. If we travel in buses, buy things in shops, or eat in restaurants, we are likely to have conversations where we gi ve information or opinions, receive news or comment, and very likely have our vi ews challenged by other members of society.Face-to-face contact is by no means the only form of communication and during th e last two hundred years the art of mass communication has become one of the dom inating factors of contemporary society. Two things, above others, have caused t he enormous growth of the communication industry. Firstly, inventiveness has led to advances in printing, telecommunications, photography, radio and television. secondly, speed has revolutionised the transmission and reception of communicat ions so that local news often takes a back seat to national news, which itself i s often almost eclipsed by international news.No longer is the possession of information confined to a privileged minority. In the last century the wealthy man with his own library was indeed fortunate, but today there are public libraries. Forty years ago people used to flock to the c inema, but now far more people sit at home and turn on the TV to watch a program me that is being channelled into millions of homes. Communication is no longer merely concerned with the transmission of information . The modem communication industry influences the way people live in society and broadens their horizons by allowing access to information, education and entert ainment. The printing, broadcasting and advertising industries are all involved with informing, educating and entertaining.Although a great deal of the material communicated by the mass media is very val uable to the individual and to the society of which he is a part, the vast modem network of communications is open to abuse. However, the mass media are with us for better, for worse, and there is no turning back.66. In the first paragraph the writer emphasizes the___ of face-t o-face contact in social settings.A. natureB. limitationC. usefulnessD. creativity67. It is implied in the passage that___.A. local news used to be the only source of information.B. local news still takes a significant place.C. national news is becoming more popular.D. international news is the fastest transmitted news.68. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. To possess information used to be a privilege.B. Public libraries have replaced private libraries.C. Communication means more than transmission.D. Information influences ways of life and thinking.69. From the last paragraph we can infer that the writer is___.A. indifferent to the harmful influence of the mass mediaB. happy about the drastic changes in the mass mediaC. pessimistic about the future of the mass mediaD. concerned about the wrong use of the mass mediaTEXT BThe men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Distinguis hing epithets were rarely added. These might be patronymic, descriptive or occup ational. They were, however, hardly surnames. Heritable names gradually became g eneral in the three centuries following the Norman Conquest in 1066. It was not until the 13th and 14th centuries that surnames became fixed, although for many years after that, the degree of stability in family names varied considerably in different parts of the country.British surnames fall mainly into four broad categories: patronymic, occupationa l, descriptive and local. A few names, it is true, will remain puzzling: foreign names, perhaps, crudely translated, adapted or abbreviated; or artificial names . In fact, over fifty per cent of genuine British surnames derive from place names of different kinds, and so they belong to the last of our four main categories. Even such a name as Simpson may belong to this last group, and not to the first , had the family once had its home in the ancient village of that name. Otherwis e, Simpson means “the son of Simon”, as might be expected.Hundreds of occupational surnames are at once familiar to us, or at least r ecognisable after a little thought: Archer, Carter, Fisher, Mason, Thatcher, Tay lor, to name but a few. Hundreds of others are more obscure in their meanings an d testify to the amazing specialisation in medieval arts, crafts and functions. Such are “Day”, (Old English for breadmaker) and “Walker” (a fuller whose job it was to clean and thicken newly made cloth).All these vocational names carry with them a certain gravity and dignity, w hich descriptive names often lack. Some, it is true, like “Long”, “Short” or “Li ttle”, are simple. They may be taken quite literally. Others require more thinki ng: their meanings are slightlydifferent from the modem ones. “Black” and “White ” implied dark and fair respectively. “Sharp” meant genuinely discerning, alert, acute rather than quick-witted or clever. Place-names have a lasting interest since there is hardly a town or village in a ll England that has not at some time given its name to a family. They may be pic turesque, even poetical; or they may be pedestrian, even trivial. Among the comm oner names which survive with relatively little change from old-English times ar e “Milton”(middle enclosure) and “Hilton”(enclosure on a hill).70. Surnames are said to be ___ in Anglo-Saxon England.A. commonB. vocationalC. unusualD. descriptiv e71. We learn from the first paragraph ___ for many years after the 13th and 14th centuries.A. family names became descriptive and occupationalB. people in some areas still had no surnamesC. some people kept changing their surnamesD. all family names became fixed in England72. “Patronymic” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to “forme d from ___.A. the nam e of one’s father”B. the family occupation”C. one’s family home”D. one’s family history”73. Which of the following sentences is an opinion rather than a fact?A. hundreds of occupational names are at once familiar to us.B. “Blac k” and “White” implied “dark” and “fair” respectively.C. Vocational names carry with them a certain gravity and dignity.D. Every place in England has given its name to a family.TEXT CSince the early 1930s, Swiss banks had prided themselves on their system of banking secrecy and numbered accounts. Over the years, they had successfully w ithstood every challenge to this system by their own government who, in turn, ha d been frequently urged by foreign governments to reveal information about the f inancial affairs to certain account holders. The result of this policy of secre cy was that a kind of mystique had grown up around Swiss banking. There was a w idely-held belief that Switzerland was irresistible to wealthy foreigners, mainl y because of its numbered accounts and bankers’ reluctance to ask awkward questi ons of depositors. Contributing to the mystique was the view, carefullypropagat ed by the banks themselves, that if this secrecy was ever given up, foreigners w ould fall over themselves in the rush to withdraw money, and the Swiss banking s ystem would virtually collapse overnight.To many, therefore, it came like a bolt out of the blue, when, in 1977, the Swiss banks announced they had signed a pact with the Swiss National Bank (the Central Bank). The aim of the agreement was to prevent to improper use of the c ountry’s bank secrecy laws, and its effect was to curb severely the system of se crecy.The rules which the banks had agreed to observe made the opening of numbere d accounts subject to much closer scrutiny than before. The banks would be requ ired, if necessary, to identify the origin of foreign funds going into numbered and other accounts. The idea was to stop such accounts being used for dubious p urposes. Also they agreed not to accept funds resulting from tax evasion or from crime.The pact represented essentially a tightening up of banking rules. Although the banks agreed to end relations with clients whose identities were unclear or who were performing improper acts, they were still not obliged to inform on a client to anyone, including the Swiss government. To some extent, therefore, the princ iple of secrecy had been maintained.74. Swiss banks took pride in___.A. the number of their accountsB. withholding client informationC. being mysterious to the outsidersD. attracting wealthy foreign clients75. According to the passage, the widely-held belief that Switzerland w as irresistible to wealthy foreigners was ___ by banks themselves.A. deniedB. criticizedC. reviewedD. def ended76. In the last paragraph, the writer thinks that___.A. complete changes had been introduced into Swiss banksB. Swiss banks could no longer keep client informationC. changes in the bank policies had been somewhat superficialD. more changes need to be considered and madeTEXT DCoketown was a town of red brick, or of brick that would have been red if the sm oke and the ashes had allowed it; but as matters stood it was a town of unnatura l red and black like the painted face of a savage. It was a town of machinery an d tall chimneys, out of which smoke trailed themselves for ever and ever. It had a black canal in it, and a river that ran purple with ill-smelling dye, and vas t piles of buildings full of windows where there was a rattling and a trembling all day long, and where the piston of the steam-engine worked monotonously up an d down like the head of an elephant in a state of madness. The town contained se veral large streets all very like one another, and many small streets still more like one another, inhabited by people equally like one another.A sunny midsummer day. There was such a thing sometimes, even in Coketown. Seen from a distance in such weather, Coketown lay covered in a haze of its own. You only knew the town was there, because you knew there could have been no such blo tch upon the view without a town.The streets were hot and dusty on the summer day, and the sun was so bright that it even shone through the haze over Coketown, and could not be looked at steadi ly. Workers emerged from low underground doorways into factory yards, and sat on posts and steps, wiping their faces and contemplating coals. The whole town see med to be frying in oil. There was a stifling smell of hot oil everywhere. The a tmosphere of those places was like the breath of hell, and their inhabitants was ting with heat, toiled languidly in the desert. But no temperature made the mad elephants more mad or more sane. Their wearisome heads went up and down at the s ame rate, in hot weather and in cold, wet weather and dry fair weather and foul. The measured motion of their shadows on the walls, was the substitute Coketown had to show for the shadows of rustling woods; while for the summer hum of insec ts, it could offer all the year round, from the dawn of Monday to the night of S aturday, the whirr of shafts and wheels.77. Which of the following adjectives is NOT appropriate to describe Co ketown?A. dullB. dirtyC.noisy D. savage78. From the passage we know that Coketown was mainly a(n) ___town .A. industrialB. agriculturalC. residentialD. commercial79. Only ___ were not affected by weather.A. the workmenB. the inhabitantsC. the steam-enginesD. the rustling woods80. Which is the author’s opinion of Coketown?A. Coketown should be replaced by woods.B. The town was seriously polluted.C. The town had too much oil in it.D. The town’s atmosphere was traditional.SECTION B SKIMMING AND SCANNINGIn this section there are seven passages with a total oftenmultiple-choice ques tions. Skim or scan them as required and then mark your answers on your answer s heet.TEXT EFirst read the following question.81. The writer is concerned about___.A. budget housekeepingB. the retail tradeC. computer skillsD. mental arithmeticNow read Text E quickly and mark your answer on your answer sheet.A lot of attention is being given to children who leave school unable to read or write. I think there should be equal concern for those who are unable to cope w ith simple mental arithmetic -particularly girls. It is often stated that today’s children are growing up in a computer world and they don’t need the same skills that their grandpare nts did. But is it any wonde r that many young girls trying to cope with budget housekeeping fail for the sim ple reason they cannot keep accurate checks on their purchases? Shopping in markets is no source of cheap purchasing unless one is able to keep pace with the apparent mental agility of the vendor. Must we face the thought that at some time in the distant future everyone will n eed to carry in their handbag or pocket one of the miniature calculators?TEXT FFirst read the following question.82. This is a letter of___.A. referenceB. applicationC.inquiry D. complaint10 Garden Ave.EssexThe Personnel OfficerBelgian Medico Ltd.P0 Box 920BrusselsBelgium5th May 200___Dear Sir,With reference to your advertisement in the “Daily Star”,I’d like to apply for the position of translator with your firm. I hold a degree in German and French from the University of London. And I have w orked as a translator for the past three years with Watson & Sons, Ltd., manufac turer of laboratory instruments, translating business correspondence from French and German into English. I am 25 years old and unmarried. I enjoy living and working in different countri es and I should welcome the chance of moving to Belgium.Yours sincerely,(Mi ss) Janet HolbrookeTEXT GFirst read the following question.83. The passage is mainly about___.A. lonelinessB. experienceC.memoryD. i solationLoneliness is a curious thing. Most of us can remember feeling most lonely when we were not in fact alone at all, but when we were surrounded by people. Everyon e has experienced, at some time, that strong sense of isolation that comes over you when you are at a party or in a room full of happy laughing people. It sudde nly seems to you as if everybody knows everybody else, everybody knows what is g oing on; everybody, that is, except you.This feeling of loneliness which can overcome you when you are in a crowd is ver y difficult to get rid of. People living alone are advised to tackle their lonel iness by joining a club or a society, by going out and meeting people.TEXT HFirst read the following question.84. The author mainly discusses ___ of public transportation.A. the priceB. the typesC. the improveme ntD. the advantageNow read Text H quickly and mark your answer on your answer sheet.The price of public transportation in Beijing has doubled twice since 1989, but it is still a bargain. Using the subway and minibuses used to show class status; now people of all classes take them, while some wealthy prefer taxis or private cars. What a change in just a few years!But there are downfalls to having more cars on the roads. Fortunately, the gover nment is aware of the problem. No-lead gasoline is the only one permitted in the city, and the rest of the country follows. Thousands of trees are planted in an d around the city every year. Children are taught why and how to protect the env ironment. At the same time, public transportation has marked real progress: buse s are everywhere and run frequently. We no longer see those old buses with broke n windows. Instead, there are fast buses, double-decker buses, air-conditioned o r heated buses, all offering a good service.TEXT IFirst read the following questions.85. Each participating team should at least have ___A. twoB.threeC.fourD. five86. Participants can bring along their ___ to the competition.A. Christmas treesB. Christmas presentsC. festival costumesD. decoration materialsNow read Text I quickly and mark your answers on your answer sheet.With Christmas D ay around the corner, Hong Kong’s Provisional Regional Council announced that a Christmas tree decoration competition will be held on Sunday in conjunction with the ongoing Regional Council Festival. Members of the public are welcome to take part in the competition as families or small groups. Each team should be formed by at least three persons. A total of 99 Christmas trees of 1.5 metres in height will be available for the participating teams to decorate. Participants can bring along their own decorati on materials and to use their imagination and creativity to achieve the best res ults.Each participating team can take home the Christmas tree it has decorated as a souvenir. In addition, there will be cash awards for the winners.TEXT JFirst read the following questions.87. If you only have time for a half-day trip, which day would you choo se?A. Sunday 23 July.B. Saturday 15 July.C. Wednesday 9 August.D. Saturday 5 August.88. Which of the following trips offers you the opportunity to see Geor gian architecture?A. Trip One.B. Trip Two.C. Trip Three.D. Trip Four.Now read Text quickly and mark your answers on your answer sheet.Summer OutingsTrip OneSaturday 15 July Stratford-upon-Avon and “Julius Caesar”The coach will leave at 9 am, allowing a couple of hours to visit Stratford befo re the performance of “Julius Caesar” at the Royal Shakespeare Theatre. Back around 7:30 pm.Trip TwoSunday 23 July BathThe spa town of Bath contains the country’s finest Roman ruins, and much elegant Georgian architecture. The coach will depart at 9 am, returning at around 6:30 pm.Trip ThreeSaturday 5 August Stratford-upon-Avon and “The Taming of the Shrew” Another chance to visit S tratford. “The Taming of the Shrew” stars Josie Lawrenc e in the title role. The coach will leave at 9 am, returning at around 7:30 pm.Trip FourWednesday 9 August Oxford and “A Midsummer Night’s Dream” Ahalf-day trip to Oxford. The coach will leave at 2:15 pm, allowing an afternoo n to see the sights before one of Shakespeare’s most popular plays at the Playho use Theatre. Back after the show.TEXT KFirst read the following questions.89. Which nation is thought to be business-minded?A. The Dutch.B. The Italians.C. The British.D. The Germans.90. The opinions seem to be most divided on___.A. the GermansB. the DutchC. theFrench D. the BritishNow read Text K quickly and mark your answers on your answer sheet.Some of the data from a survey on national stereotypes in some European countries is summarized below:Germans Liked themselves best of all. Most Europeans agreed that theGermans had the highest proportion of good qualities. They considered themselves very tolerant, but nobody else did.French Not really admired by anyone except the Italians. Other Europeans found them conservative, withdrawn, brilliant, superficial. Also, not very friendl y.British Mixed reactions. Some found them calm, reserved, open- minded, others thought they were insular and superior. The British most admired the Dutch.Italians Generally considered by everyone to be lazy and untrustworthy, an d the Italians agreed! Most also found them to be charming, hospitable and noisy. The Italians admired the French. Hardly anyone loved the Italians except the French.Dutch Most admired people in Europe—except by their neighbours—the Belgians. Everyone agreed that the Dutch are hardworking, thrifty, good-natur参考答案：PART Ⅰ WRITINGSECTION A［参考范文］The Importance of Extracurricular ActivitiesDear Editor,People have different ideas about how students should spend their school days. Some believe that students should spend the whole day on academic studies. Others believe that extracurricular activities should be a required part of every school day. I think both ways have their advantages. But I prefer the latter. As a student, our main task is to concentrate on our academic study. We have to attend classes, reading books and doing assignments. Only by working hard can we learn our courses well. But I don’t think we should spend every hour and minute on academic study. A proverb says, “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.” Without good health and strong body, how can we improve our study efficiency and make great achievements in our academic study? Besides, spending the whole day on academic study may make us exhausted and weak. We should find other meaningful things to do besides studying. For example, doing extracurricular activities can make students’ life more colorful and beneficial. There are various forms of exercise. My favorite one is football. I play football with my classmates for one hour every afternoon.。

2000年英语专业四级考试真题及答案

2000年英语专业四级考试真题及答案Part Ⅰ WRITING ［45 MIN.］?SECTION A COMPOSITION??Write on ANSWER SHEET ONE a composition of about 150 words on the following topic:?? College life should be varied and colourful. And extracurricular activities are an important aspect of it. However, at present, there is much room for improveme nt in this regard. Write an article to the university radio entitled:The Importance of Extracurricular Activities ??In the first part of your article you should clearly present your view, and in t he second part you should support your opinion with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or summ ary.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failur e to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.SECTION B NOTE-WRITING［10 MIN.］?Write on ANSWER SHEET ONE a note of about 50-60 words based on the following situation:??You’ve read on the notice board that the university library is looking for a par t-time library assistant who can work at weekends. You think that your classmate , George, is a suitable person for this vacancy. Write him a note, telling him w hat you know about the vacancy and trying to persuade him to go for an interview Marks will be awarded for content organization, grammar and appropriacy?Part Ⅳ CLOZE ［15 MIN.］Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on your answer sheet.?? The difference between a liquid and a gas is obvious ?( 26 )? the conditions of temperature and pressure commonly found at the sur face of the Earth. A liquid can be kept in an open container and ?( 27 )? it to the level of a free surface. A gas forms no free surface but ( 28 )? to diffuse throughout the space available; it must ? ( 29 )? be kept in a closed container, as ?( 30 )?a planet’s atmosphere.The distinction was a prominent feature of early theories ?( 31 )the phases of matter. In the nineteenth century, for example, one theory maintained that a liquid could be “dissolved” in a vapor without losing its identity, and another theory held that the two phases are ?( 32 )? different kinds o f molecules(分子). The theories now prevailing ?( 33 )? a quit e different approach by emphasizing what liquids and gases have in common. They are both forms of matter that have no permanent structure, and they both flow ea sily. They are fluids. ?The ?( 34 )? similarly of liquids and gases becomes clear ly apparent when the temperature and pressure are raised somewhat.?( 35 )? a closed container partially filled with a liquid is heated. The li quid expands or ?( 36 )?, becomes less dense; some of it evapor ates.?( 37 )?, the vapor above the liquid surface becomes dense r as the evaporated molecules are added to it. The combination of temperature an d pressure ?( 38 )? the densities become equal is ?( 3 9 )? the critical point. Above the critical point the liquid and the gas can no longer be ?( 40 )?; there is a single, undifferentiated fluid phase of uniform density.26. A. in B. on? C. under D. beyond ?27. A. fills B. be filled ? C. filling D. to fill ?28. A. intends B. tends ? C. inclines D. contends ?29. A. however B. nevertheless ? C. so D. therefore ?30． A. in the event of B. in the case of? C. with a view to D. with reference to ?31. A. having described B. described? C. describing D. to have described ?32. A. made up of B. consisted of? C. constituted of D. made from ?33. A. apply B. adapt? C. take D. conduct ?34. A. elementary B. crucial ? C. rudimentary D. fundamental ?35. A. Suppose B. To suppose ? C. Being supposed D. Supposed ?36. A. in a word B. in the meantime C. in other words D. in that case ?37. A. Similarly B. In contrast ? C. Furthermore D. Instead ?38. A. on that B. on which ? C. at that D. at which ?39. A. known B. defined ? C. called D. referred to ?40. A. classified B. recognized ? C. categorized D. distinguishedPart Ⅴ GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY ［15 MIN.］There are twenty-five sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.? Mark your answers on your answer sheet.??41. Acute hearing helps most animals sense the approach of thunderstorm s long before people___.?A. doB. hearC. do themD. hearing it ?42. This is an illness that can result in total blindness ___ left u ntreated.?A. afterB. ifC. sinceD.unless ?43. The central provinces have floods in some years, and ___.?A. drought in othersB. droughts are others?C. while other droughtsD. others in drought ?44. Do help yourself to some fruit,___ you??A. can’tB. don’tC. wouldn’tD. won’t ?45. There___ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an e ndhalf an hour earlier.?A. to beB. to have beenC. beingD. be46. My mother can’t get ___ because she has rheumatism (风湿病). ?A. aboutB.onC. throughD. in47. I was very much put ___ by Mark’s rude behavior; it really annoy ed me.?A.overB.offC.upD.by ?48. You ___ Jim anything about it. It was none of his business.?A. needn’t have toldB. needn’t tell?C. mustn’t have toldD. mustn’t tell ?49. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there___ q uite such a crowd of people there.?A. weren’tB. hasn’t beenC. hadn’t beenD. w ouldn’t be ?50. Firms that use computers have found that the number of staff ___ quality control can be substantially reduced.?A.whoseB.asC.whatD.that ?51. ___ at in this way, the present economic situation doesn’t seem so gloomy.?A. LookingB. LookedC. Having lookedD. To look ?52. Many people are ___ to insect bites, and some even have to go to hospital.?A. insensitiveB. allergicC. sensibleD. infected ?53. When you’re driving on a motorway, you must obey the signs telling you to get into the right ___.?A.wayB.trackC.roadne ?54. The motorist had to ___to avoid knocking the old woman down in the middle of the road.?A. swerveB. twistC. departD. swing ?55. In winter drivers have trouble stopping their cars from ___ on icy roads.?A. skatingB. skiddingC. slidingD. slipping ?56. This project would ___ a huge increase in defense spending.?A. resultB. assureC. entailD. accomplish ?57. The chances of a repetition of these unfortunate events are ___ indeed.?A. distantB. slimC. unlikelyD. narrow ?58. We should make a clear ___ between ’competent’ and ’proficient’ for the purposes of our discussion.?A. separationB. divisionC. distinctionD. diffe rence ?59. In the present economic ___ we can make even greater progress than previously.?A. airB. moodC. areaD. climate ?60. Rite of Passage is a good novel by any standards;___, it shoul d rank high on any list of science fiction.?A. consistentlyB. consequentlyC. invariablyD. fortunately ?61. The diversity of tropical plants in the region represents a seeming ly___ source of raw materials, of which only a few have been utilized.?A. exploitedB. controversialC. inexhaustibleD. remarkable ?62. While he was in Beijing, he spent all his time ___ some import ant museums and buildings.?A. visitingB. travelingC. watchingD. touring ?63. You must let me have the annual report without ___ by ten o’cl ock tomorrow morning.?A. failureB. hesitationC. troubleD. fail64. As the director can’t come to the reception, I’m representing the c ompany?A. on his accountB. on his behalf ?C. for his partD. in his interest ?65. Dreams are___ in themselves, but when combined with other data, they can tell us much about the dreamer.?A. uninformativeB. startling?C. harmlessD. uncontrollablePart Ⅵ READING COMPREHENSION ［30 MIN.］?SECTION A READING COMPREHENSION［25 MIN.］??In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished stat ements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one th at you think is the best answer.??Mark your answers on your answer sheet.??TEXT AClearly if we are to participate in the society in which we live we must communi cate withother people. A great deal of communicating is performed on a person-t o-person basis by the simple means of speech. If we travel in buses, buy things in shops, or eat in restaurants, we are likely to have conversations where we gi ve information or opinions, receive news or comment, and very likely have our vi ews challenged by other members of society.?Face-to-face contact is by no means the only form of communication and during th e last two hundred years the art of mass communication has become one of the dom inating factors of contemporary society. Two things, above others, have caused t he enormous growth of the communication industry. Firstly, inventiveness has led to advances in printing, telecommunications, photography, radio and television. secondly, speed has revolutionised the transmission and reception of communicat ions so that local news often takes a back seat to national news, which itself i s often almost eclipsed by international news.?No longer is the possession of information confined to a privileged minority. In the last century the wealthy man with his own library was indeed fortunate, but today there are public libraries. Forty years ago people used to flock to the c inema, but now far more people sit at home and turn on the TV to watch a program me that is being channelled into millions of homes.? Communication is no longer merely concerned with the transmission of information . The modem communication industry influences the way people live in society and broadens their horizons by allowing access to information, education and entert ainment. The printing, broadcasting and advertising industries are all involved with informing, educating and entertaining.?Although a great deal of the material communicated by the mass media is very val uable to the individual and to the society of which he is a part, the vast modem network of communications is open to abuse. However, the mass media are with us for better, for worse, and there is no turning back.?66. In the first paragraph the writer emphasizes the___ of face-t o-face contact in social settings.?A. natureB. limitationC. usefulnessD. creativity ?67. It is implied in the passage that___.?A. local news used to be the only source of information.?B. local news still takes a significant place.?C. national news is becoming more popular.?D. international news is the fastest transmitted news. ?68. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT??A. To possess information used to be a privilege.?B. Public libraries have replaced private libraries.?C. Communication means more than transmission.?D. Information influences ways of life and thinking. ?69. From the last paragraph we can infer that the writer is___.?A. indifferent to the harmful influence of the mass media?B. happy about the drastic changes in the mass media?C. pessimistic about the future of the mass media?D. concerned about the wrong use of the mass media ??TEXT B?The men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Distinguis hing epithets were rarely added. These might be patronymic, descriptive or occup ational. They were, however, hardly surnames. Heritable names gradually became g eneral in the three centuries following the Norman Conquest in 1066. It was not until the 13th and 14th centuries that surnames became fixed, although for many years after that, the degree of stability in family names varied considerably in different parts of the country.?British surnames fall mainly into four broad categories: patronymic, occupationa l, descriptive and local. A few names, it is true, will remain puzzling: foreign names, perhaps, crudely translated, adapted or abbreviated; or artificial names .? In fact, over fifty per cent of genuine British surnames derive from place names of different kinds, and so they belong to the last of our four main categories. Even such a name as Simpson may belong to this last group, and not to the first , had the family once had its home in the ancient village of that name. Otherwis e, Simpson means “the son of Simon”, as might be expected.?Hundreds of occupational surnames are at once familiar to us, or at least r ecognisable after a little thought: Archer, Carter, Fisher, Mason, Thatcher, Tay lor, to name but a few. Hundreds of others are more obscure in their meanings an d testify to the amazing specialisation in medieval arts, crafts and functions. Such are “Day”, (Old English for breadmaker) and “Walker” (a fuller whose job it was to clean and thicken newly made cloth).?All these vocational names carry with them a certain gravity and dignity, w hich descriptive names often lack. Some, it is tru e, like “Long”, “Short” or “Li ttle”, are simple. They may be taken quite literally. Others require more thinki ng: their meanings are slightly different from the modem ones. “Black” and “White ” implied dark and fair respectively. “Sharp” meant genuinely discerning, alert, acute rather than quick-witted or clever.? Place-names have a lasting interest since there is hardly a town or village in a ll England that has not at some time given its name to a family. They may be pic turesque, even poetical; or they may be pedestrian, even trivial. Among the comm oner names which survive with relatively little change from old-English times ar e “Milton”(middle enclosure) and “Hilton”(enclosure on a hill).?70. Surnames are said to be ___ in Anglo-Saxon England.?A. commonB. vocationalC. unusualD. descriptiv e ?71. We learn from the first paragraph ___ for many years after the 13th and 14th centuries.?A. family names became descriptive and occupational?B. people in some areas still had no surnames?C. some people kept changing their surnames?D. all family names became fixed in England ?72. “Patronymic” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to “forme d from ___.?A. the name of one’s father”B. the family occupation”?C. one’s family home”D. one’s family history” ?73. Which of the following sentences is an opinion rather than a fact??A. hundreds of occupational names are at once familiar to us.?B. “Black” and “White” implied “dark” and “fair” respective ly.?C. Vocational names carry with them a certain gravity and dignity.?D. Every place in England has given its name to a family. ??TEXT CSince the early 1930s, Swiss banks had prided themselves on their system of banking secrecy and numbered accounts. Over the years, they had successfully w ithstood every challenge to this system by their own government who, in turn, ha d been frequently urged by foreign governments to reveal information about the f inancial affairs to certain account holders. The result of this policy of secre cy was that a kind of mystique had grown up around Swiss banking. There was a w idely-held belief that Switzerland was irresistible to wealthy foreigners, mainl y because of its numbered accounts and bankers’ reluctanc e to ask awkward questi ons of depositors. Contributing to the mystique was the view, carefully propagat ed by the banks themselves, that if this secrecy was ever given up, foreigners w ould fall over themselves in the rush to withdraw money, and the Swiss banking s ystem would virtually collapse overnight.?To many, therefore, it came like a bolt out of the blue, when, in 1977, the Swiss banks announced they had signed a pact with the Swiss National Bank (the Central Bank). The aim of the agreement wa s to prevent to improper use of the c ountry’s bank secrecy laws, and its effect was to curb severely the system of se crecy.?The rules which the banks had agreed to observe made the opening of numbere d accounts subject to much closer scrutiny than before. The banks would be requ ired, if necessary, to identify the origin of foreign funds going into numbered and other accounts. The idea was to stop such accounts being used for dubious p urposes. Also they agreed not to accept funds resulting from tax evasion or from crime.?The pact represented essentially a tightening up of banking rules. Although the banks agreed to end relations with clients whose identities were unclear or who were performing improper acts, they were still not obliged to inform on a client to anyone, including the Swiss government. To some extent, therefore, the princ iple of secrecy had been maintained.?74. Swiss banks took pride in___.?A. the number of their accounts?B. withholding client information?C. being mysterious to the outsiders?D. attracting wealthy foreign clients ?75. According to the passage, the widely-held belief that Switzerland w as irresistible to wealthy foreigners was ___ by banks themselves.?A. deniedB. criticizedC. reviewedD. defended ?76. In the last paragraph, the writer thinks that___.?A. complete changes had been introduced into Swiss banks?B. Swiss banks could no longer keep client information?C. changes in the bank policies had been somewhat superficial?D. more changes need to be considered and made ??TEXT DCoketown was a town of red brick, or of brick that would have been red if the sm oke and the ashes had allowed it; but as matters stood it was a town of unnatura l red and black like the painted face of a savage. It was a town of machinery an d tall chimneys, out of which smoke trailed themselves for ever and ever. It had a black canal in it, and a river that ran purple with ill-smelling dye, and vas t piles of buildings full of windows where there was a rattling and a trembling all day long, and where the piston of the steam-engine worked monotonously up an d down like the head of an elephant in a state of madness. The town contained se veral large streets all very like one another, and many small streets still more like one another, inhabited by people equally like one another.?A sunny midsummer day. There was such a thing sometimes, even in Coketown. Seen from a distance in such weather, Coketown lay covered in a haze of its own. You only knew the town was there, because you knew there could have been no such blo tch upon the view without a town.?The streets were hot and dusty on the summer day, and the sun was so bright that it even shone through the haze over Coketown, and could not be looked at steadi ly. Workers emerged from low underground doorways into factory yards, and sat on posts and steps, wiping their faces and contemplating coals. The whole town see med to be frying in oil. There was a stifling smell of hot oil everywhere. The a tmosphere of those places was like the breath of hell, and their inhabitants was ting with heat, toiled languidly in the desert. But no temperature made the mad elephants more mad or more sane. Their wearisome heads went up and down at the s ame rate, in hot weather and in cold, wet weather and dry fair weather and foul. The measured motion of their shadows on the walls, was the substitute Coketown had to show for the shadows of rustling woods; while for the summer hum of insec ts, it could offer all the year round, from the dawn of Monday to the night of S aturday, the whirr of shafts and wheels.?77. Which of the following adjectives is NOT appropriate to describe Co ketown??A. dullB. dirtyC. noisyD. savage ?78. From the passage we know that Coketown was mainly a(n) ___town .?A. industrialB. agriculturalC. residentialD. commercial ?79. Only ___ were not affected by weather.?A. the workmenB. the inhabitants?C. the steam-enginesD. the rustling woods ?80. Which is the author’s opinion of Coketown??A. Coketown should be replaced by woods.?B. The town was seriously polluted.?C. The town had too much oil in it.?D. The town’s atmosphere was traditional.SECTION B SKIMMING AND SCANNINGIn this section there are seven passages with a total often multiple-choice ques tions. Skim or scan them as required and then mark your answers on your answer s heet. TEXT EFirst read the following question.??81. The writer is concerned about___.?A. budget housekeepingB. the retail trade?C. computer skillsD. mental arithmetic ?Now read Text E quickly and mark your answer on your answer sheet.A lot of attention is being given to children who leave school unable to read or write. I think there should be equal concern for those who are unable to cope w ith simple mental arithmetic -parti cularly girls.? It is often stated that today’s children are growing up in a computer world and they don’t need the same skills that their grandparents did. But is it any wonde r that many young girls trying to cope with budget housekeeping fail for the sim ple reason they cannot keep accurate checks on their purchases?? Shopping in markets is no source of cheap purchasing unless one is able to keep pace with the apparent mental agility of the vendor.? Must we face the thought that at some time in the distant future everyone will n eed to carry in their handbag or pocket one of the miniature calculators??TEXT FFirst read the following question.??82. This is a letter of___.?A. referenceB. applicationC. inquiryD. complaint ?Now read Text F quickly and mark your answer on your answer sheet.??10 Garden Ave.?Essex?The Personnel Officer?Belgian Medico Ltd.?P0 Box 920?Brussels?Belgium?5th May 200___ ?Dear Sir,?With reference to your advertisement in the “Daily Star”,I’d like to apply for the position of translator with your firm.? I hold a degree in German and French from the University of London. And I have w orked as a translator for the past three years with Watson & Sons, Ltd., manufac turer of laboratory instruments, translating business correspondence from French and German into English.? I am 25 years old and unmarried. I enjoy living and working in different countri es and I should welcome the chance of moving to Belgium.?Yours sincerely,?(Miss) Janet Holbrooke??TEXT GFirst read the following question.??83. The passage is mainly about___.?A. lonelinessB. experienceC.memoryD. isolation ?Now read Text G quickly and mark your answer on your answer sheet.Loneliness is a curious thing. Most of us can remember feeling most lonely when wewere not in fact alone at all, but when we were surrounded by people. Everyon e has experienced, at some time, that strong sense of isolation that comes over you when you are at a party or in a room full of happy laughing people. It sudde nly seems to you as if everybody knows everybody else, everybody knows what is g oing on; everybody, that is, except you.?This feeling of loneliness which can overcome you when you are in a crowd is ver y difficult to get rid of. People living alone are advised to tackle their lonel iness by joining a club or a society, by going out and meeting people.??TEXT HFirst read the following question.??84. The author mainly discusses ___ of public transportation.?A. the priceB. the typesC. the improveme ntD. the advantage ?Now read Text H quickly and mark your answer on your answer sheet.??The price of public transportation in Beijing has doubled twice since 1989, but it is still a bargain. Using the subway and minibuses used to show class status; now people of all classes take them, while some wealthy prefer taxis or private cars. What a change in just a few years!But there are downfalls to having more cars on the roads. Fortunately, the gover nment is aware of the problem. No-lead gasoline is the only one permitted in the city, and the rest of the country follows. Thousands of trees are planted in an d around the city every year. Children are taught why and how to protect the env ironment. At the same time, public transportation has marked real progress: buse s are everywhere and run frequently. We no longer see those old buses with broke n windows. Instead, there are fast buses, double-decker buses, air-conditioned o r heated buses, all offering a good service.?? TEXT IFirst read the following questions.??85. Each participating team should at least have ___?A. twoB.threeC.fourD. five ?86. Participants can bring along their ___ to the competition.?A. Christmas treesB. Christmas presents?C. festival costumesD. decoration materials ?Now read Text I quickly and mark your answers on your answer sheet.??With Christmas Day around the corner, Hong Kong’s Provisional Regional Council announced that a Christmas tree decoration competition will be held on Sunday in conjunction with the ongoing Regional Council Festival.? Members of the public are welcome to take part in the competition as families or small groups. Each team should be formed by at least three persons.? A total of 99 Christmas trees of 1.5 metres in height will be available for the participating teams to decorate. Participants can bring along their own decorati on materials and to use their imagination and creativity to achieve the best res ults.?Each participating team can take home the Christmas tree it has decorated as a souvenir. In addition, there will be cash awards for the winners.??TEXT JFirst read the following questions.??87. If you only have time for a half-day trip, which day would you choo se??A. Sunday 23 July.B. Saturday 15 July.?C. Wednesday 9 August.D. Saturday5 August. ?88. Which of the following trips offers you the opportunity to see Geor gian architecture??A. Trip One.B. Trip Two.C. Trip Three.D. Trip Four. ?Now read Text quickly and mark your answers on your answer sheet.??Summer Outings?Trip One?Saturday 15 July Stratford-upon-Avon and “Julius Caesar”?The coach will leave at 9 am, allowing a couple of hours to visit Stratford befo re the performance of “Julius Caesar” at the Royal Shakespeare Theatre. Back around 7:30 pm.??Trip Two?Sunday 23 July Bath?The spa town of Bath contains the country’s finest Roman ruins, and much elegant Georgian architecture. The coach will depart at 9 am, returning at around 6:30 pm.?? Trip Three?Saturday 5 August Stratford-upon-Avon and “The Taming of the Shrew”? Another chance to visit Stratford. “The Taming of the Shrew” stars Josie Lawrenc e in the title role. The coach will leave at 9 am, returning at around 7:30 pm.??Trip Four?Wednesday 9 August Oxford and “A Midsummer Night’s Dream”? A half-day trip to Oxford. The coach will leave at 2:15 pm, allowing an afternoo n to see the sights before one of Shakespeare’s most popular play s at the Playho use Theatre. Back after the show.??TEXT KFirst read the following questions.??89. Which nation is thought to be business-minded??A. The Dutch.B. The Italians.C. The British.D. The Germans. ?90. The opinions seem to be most divided on___.?A. the GermansB. the DutchC. the FrenchD. the British ?Now read Text K quickly and mark your answers on your answer sheet.??Some of the data from a survey on national stereotypes in some European countries is summarized below:?Germans Liked themselves best of all. Most Europeans agreed that the Germans had the highest proportion of good qualities. They considered themselves very tolerant, but nobody else did.French Not really admired by anyone except the Italians. Other Europeans found them conservative, withdrawn, brilliant, superficial. Also, not very friendl y.British Mixed reactions. Some found them calm, reserved, open- minded, others thought they were insular and superior. The British most admired the Dutch.Italians Generally considered by everyone to be lazy and untrustworthy, an d the。

2000年专业英语四级考试试题

2000年专业英语四级考试试题Part ⅤGRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY ［15 MIN.］There are twenty-five sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your answer sheet.41. Acute hearing helps most animals sense the approach of thunderstorm s long before people___.A. doB. hearC. do themD. hearing it42. This is an illness that can result in total blindness ___ left untreated.A. afterB. ifC. sinceD.unless43. The central provinces have floods in some years, and ___.A. drought in othersB. droughts are othersC. while other droughtsD. others in drought44. Do help yourself to some fruit,___ you?A. can’tB. don’tC. wouldn’tD. won’t44．答案：D【参考译文】吃点水果，好吗?【试题分析】本题为语法题，考查对附加疑问句的掌握。

【详细解答】本句是一个由“祈使句+附加疑问”构成的附加疑问句，这种附加疑问部分通常用won’t you表示一种征询意见的语气，因此答案选D。

英语四级真题2000年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷及参考答案

2000年6月全国大学英语四级考试真题和答案Part I Listening Comprehension(20minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear10short conversations.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A),B),C)and D),and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Example:You will hear:You will read:A)2hours.B)3hours.C)4hours.D)5hours.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at2in the afternoon.Therefore,D)“5hours”is the correct answer.You should choose[D]on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.Sample Answer[A][B][C][D]1.A)She is not interested in the article.B)She has given the man much trouble.C)She would like to have a copy of the article.D)She doesn’t want to take the trouble to read the article.2.A)He saw the big tower he visited on TV.B)He has visited the TV tower twice.C)He has visited the TV tower once.D)He will visit the TV tower in June.3.A)The woman regrets having taken up much of the professor’s time.B)The woman regrets having taken up much of the professor’s time.C)The woman knows the professor has been busy.D)The woman knows the professor has run into trouble.4.A)He doesn’t enjoy business trips as much as he used to.B)He doesn’t think he is capable of doing the job.C)He thinks the pay is too low to support his family.D)He wants to spend more time with his family.5.A)The man thought the essay was easy.B)They both had a hard time writing the essay.C)The woman thought the essay was easy.D)Neither of them has finished the assignment yet.6.A)In the park.B)Between two buildings.C)In his apartment.D)Under a huge tree.7.A)It’s awfully dull.B)It’s really exciting.C)It’s very exhausting.D)It’s quite challenging.8.A)A movie.B)A lecture.C)A play.D)A speech.9.A)The weather is mild compared to the past years.B)They are having the coldest winter ever.C)The weather will soon get warmer.D)The weather may get even colder.10.A)A mystery story.B)The hiring of a shop assistant.C)The search for a reliable witness.D)An unsolved case of robbery.Section BDirections:In this section,you will hear3short passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage oneQuestions11to14are based on the passage you have just heard.11.A)They want to change the way English is taught.B)They learn English to find well-paid jobs.C)They want to have an up-to-date knowledge of English.D)They know clearly what they want to learn.12.A)Professionals.B)College students.C)Beginners.D)Intermediate learners.13.A)Courses for doctors.B)Courses for businessmen.C)Courses for reporters.D)Courses for lawyers.14.A)Three groups of learners.B)The importance of business English.C)English for Specific Purposes.D)Features of English for different purposes.Passage TwoQuestions15to17are based on the passage you have just heard.15.A)To show off their wealth.B)To feel good.C)To regain their memory.D)To be different from others.16.A)To help solve their psychological problems.B)To play games with them.C)To send them to the hospital.D)To make them aware of its harmfulness.17.A)They need care and affection.B)They are fond of round-the-world trips.C)They are mostly form broken families.D)They are likely to commit crimes.Passage ThreeQuestions18to20are based on the passage you have just heard.18.A)Because it was too heavy.B)Because it did not bend easily.C)Because it did not shoot far.D)Because its string was short.19.A)It went out of use300years ago.B)It was invented after the short bow.C)It was discovered before fire and the wheel.D)It’s still in use today.20.A)They are accurate and easy to pull.B)Their shooting range is40yards.C)They are usually used indoors.D)They took100years to develop.Part II Vocabulary and Structure(20minutes)Directions:There are30incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.21.As we can no longer wait for the delivery of our order,we have to________it.A)postponeB)refuseC)delayD)cancel22.These books,which you can get at any bookshop,will give you________you need.A)all the informationB)all the informationC)all of informationD)all of the information23.Not until the game had begun________at the sports ground.A)had he arrivedB)would he have arrivedC)did he arriveD)should he have arrived24.Young people are not________to stand and look at works of art;they want art they can participate in.A)conservativeB)contentC)confidentD)generous25.Most broadcasters maintain that TV has been unfairly criticized and argue that the power of the medium is________.A)grantedB)impliedC)exaggeratedD)remedied26.These surveys indicate that many crimes go________by the police,mainly because not all victims report them.A)unrecordedB)to be unrecordedC)unrecordingD)to have been unrecorded27.I have no objection________your story again.A)to hearB)to hearingC)to having heardD)to have heard28.The clothes a person wears may express his________or social position.A)curiosityB)statusC)determinationD)significance29.By law,when one makes a large purchase,he should have________opportunity to change his mind.A)accurateB)urgentC)excessiveD)adequate30.You will see this product________wherever you go.A)to be advertisedB)advertisedC)advertiseD)advertising31.The early pioneers had to________many hardships to settle on the new land.A)go along withB)go back onC)go throughD)go into32.The suggestion that the major________the prizes was accepted by everyone.A)would presentB)presentC)presentsD)ought to present33.Beer is the most popular drink among male drinkers,________overall consumption is significantly higher than that of women.A)whoseB)whichC)thatD)what34.Peter,who had been driving all day,suggested________at the next town.A)to stopB)stoppingC)stopD)having stopped35.I didn’t know the word.I had to________a dictionary.A)look outB)make outC)refer toD)go over36.The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds________his arguments in favour of the new theory.A)to be based onB)to base onC)which to base onD)on which to base37.There are signs________restaurants are becoming more popular with families.A)thatB)whichC)in whichD)whose38.I think I was at school,________I was staying with a friends during the vacation when I heard the news.A)or elseB)and thenC)or soD)even so39.It is said that the math teacher seems________towards bright students.A)partialB)beneficialC)preferableD)liable40.In order to show his boss what a careful worker he was,he took________trouble over thefigures.A)extensiveB)spareC)extraD)supreme41.—“May I speak to your manager Mr.Williams at five o’clock tonight?”—“I’m sorry.Mr.Williams________to a conference long before then.”A)will have goneB)had goneC)would have goneD)has gone42.You________him so closely;you should have kept your distance.A)shouldn’t followB)mustn’t followC)couldn’t’have been followingD)shouldn’t have been following43.The growth of part-time and flexible working patterns,and of training and retraining schemes,________more women to take advantage of employment opportunities.A)have allowedB)allowC)allowingD)allows44.Everybody________in the hall where they were welcomed by the secretary.A)assembledB)accumulatedC)piledD)joined45.Putting in a new window will________cutting away part of the roof.A)includeB)involveC)containD)comprise46.Living in the western part of the country has its problems,________obtaining fresh water is not the least.A)with whichB)for whichC)of whichD)which47.In the________of the project not being a success,the investors stand to lose up to$30 million.A)faceB)timeC)eventD)course48.The manager would rather his daughter________in the same office.A)had not workedB)not to workC)does not workD)did not work49.________,he does get annoyed with her sometimes.A)Although much he likes herB)Much although he likes herC)As he likes her muchD)Much as he likes her50.The British constitution is________a large extent a product of the historical events described above.A)withinB)toC)byD)atPart III Reading Comprehension(35minutes)Directions:There are4passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions21to25are based on the following passage.Long after the1998World Cup was won,disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing(裁判)decisions that denied victory to their team.A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees.The researcher organized an experimental tournament(锦标赛)involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour,divided into three periods of20minutes during which different referees were in charge.Observers noted down the referees’errors,of which there were61over the tournament. Converted to a standard match of90minutes,each referee made almost23mistakes,a remarkably high number.The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyse the matches in detail.Surprisingly,he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident.When the officials got it right,they were,on average,17meters away from the action.The average distance in the case of errors was12meters.The research shows the optimum(最佳的) distance is about20meters.There also seemed to be an optimum speed.Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about2meters per second.The average speed for errors was4meters per second.If FIFA,football’s international ruling body,wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup,it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball,the researcher argues.He also says that FIFA’s insistence that referees should retire at age45may be misguided.Ifkeeping up with the action is not so important,their physical condition is less critical.51.The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to________.A)review the decisions of referees at the1998World CupB)analyse the causes of errors made by football refereesC)set a standard for football refereeingD)reexamine the rules for football refereeing52.The number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches was________.A)slightly above averageB)higher than in the1998World CupC)quite unexpectedD)as high as in a standard match53.The findings of the experiment show that________.A)errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ballB)the farther the referee is from the incident,the fewer the errorsC)the more slowly the referee runs,the more likely will errors occurD)errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot54.The word“officials”(Line2,Para.4)most probably refers to________.A)the researchers involved in the experimentB)the inspectors of the football tournamentC)the referees of the football tournamentD)the observers at the site of the experiment55.What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment?A)The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is45.B)Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee.C)A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible.D)An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition. Passage TwoQuestions56to60are based on the following passage.While still in its early stages,welfare reform has already been judged a great success in many states—at least in getting people off welfare.It’s estimated that more than2million people have left the rolls since1994.In the past four years,welfare rolls in Athens Country have been cut in half.But70percent of the people who left in the past tow years took jobs that paid less than$6an hour.The result: The Athens County poverty rate still remains at more than30percent—twice the national average.For advocates(代言人)for the poor,that’s an indication much more needs to be done.“More people are getting jobs,but it’s not making their lives any better,”says Kathy Lairn,a policy analyst at the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities in Washington.A center analysis of US Census data nationwide found that between1995and1996,a greater percentage of single,female-headed households were earning money on their own,but that average income for these households actually went down.But for many,the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory.“Welfare was a poison.It was a toxin(毒素)that was poisoning the family,”says Robert Rector,a welfare-reform policy analyst.“The reform in changing the moral climate in low-income communities.It’s beginning to rebuild the work ethic(道德观),which is much more important.”Mr.Rector and others argued that once“the habit of dependency is cracked,”then the country can make other policy changes aimed at improving living standards.56.From the passage,it can be seen that the author________.A)believes the reform has reduced the government’s burdenB)insists that welfare reform is doing little good for the poorC)is overenthusiastic about the success of welfare reformD)considers welfare reform to be fundamentally successful57.Why aren’t people enjoying better lives when they have jobs?A)Because many families are divorced.B)Because government aid is now rare.C)Because their wages are low.D)Because the cost of living is rising.58.What is worth noting from the example of Athens County is that________.A)greater efforts should be made to improve people’s living standardsB)70percent of the people there have been employed for two yearsC)50percent of the population no longer relies on welfareD)the living standards of most people are going down59.From the passage we know that welfare reform aims at________.A)saving welfare fundsB)rebuilding the work ethicC)providing more jobsD)cutting government expenses60.According to the passage before the welfare reform was carried out,________.A)the poverty rate was loverB)average living standards were higherC)the average worker was paid higher wagesD)the poor used to rely on government aidPassage ThreeQuestions61to65are based on the following passage.Americans are pound of their variety and individuality,yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform,whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of afive-star general.Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?Among the arguments for uniforms,one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian(百姓的)clothes.People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform.The television repairman who wears uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes.Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform.What easier way is there for a nurse,a policeman, a barber,or a waiter to lose professional identity(身份)than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many practical benefits.They save on other clothes.They save on laundry bills.They are tax-deductible(可减税的).They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent lossof individuality experienced by people who must wear them.Though there are many types of uniforms,the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it,without change,until retirement.When people look alike,they tend to think,speak,and act similarly,on the job at least.Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems.Though they are long-lasting,often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes.Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain,requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.61.It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and individuality________.A)still judge a man by his clothesB)hold the uniform in such high regardC)enjoy having a professional identityD)will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform62.People are accustomed to think that a man in uniform________.A)suggests quality workB)discards his social identityC)appears to be more practicalD)looks superior to a person in civilian clothes63.The chief function of a uniform is to________.A)provide practical benefits to the wearerB)make the wearer catch the pubic eyeC)inspire the wearer’s confidence in himselfD)provide the wearer with a professional identity64.According to the passage,people wearing uniforms________.A)are usually helpfulB)have little or no individual freedomC)tend to lose their individualityD)enjoy greater popularity65.The best title for this passage would be________.A)Uniforms and SocietyB)The Importance of Wearing a UniformC)Practical Benefits of Wearing a UniformD)Advantages and Disadvantages of UniformsPassage FourQuestions66to70are based on the following passage.Since we are social beings,the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationships.One strength of the human condition is our tendency to give and receive support from one another under stressful circumstances.Social support consists of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties.Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to cope with major life changes and daily hassles (困难).People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those without such ties.Studies over a range of illnesses,from depression to heart disease,reveal that the presence of social support helps people fend off(挡开)illness,and the absence of such support makes poor health more likely.Social support cushions stress in a number of ways.First,friends,relatives,and co-workers may let us know that they value us.Our self-respect is strengthened when we feel accepted by others despite our faults and difficulties.Second,other people often provide us with informational support.They help us to define and understand our problems and find solutions to them.Third,we typically find social companionship supportive.Engaging in leisure-time activities with others helps us to meet our social needs while at the same time distracting(转移…注意力)us from our worries and troubles.Finally,other people may give us instrumental support—financial aid,material resources,and needed services—that reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems.66.Interpersonal relationships are important because________.A)they are indispensable to people’s social well-beingB)they awaken people’s desire to exchange resourcesC)they help people to cope with life in the information eraD)they can cure a range of illnesses such as heart disease,etc67.Research shows that people’s physical and mental health________.A)relies on the social welfare systems which support themB)has much to do with the amount of support they get from othersC)depends on their ability to deal with daily worries and troublesD)is closely related to their strength for coping with major changes in their lives68.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word“cushions”(Line1,Para.2)?A)Adds up to.B)Does away with.C)Lessens the effect of.D)Lays the foundation for.69.Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work is an example of________.A)instrumental supportB)informational supportC)social companionshipD)the strengthening of self-respect70.Social companionship is beneficial in that________.A)it helps strengthen our ties with relativesB)it enables us to eliminate our faults and mistakesC)it makes our leisure-time activities more enjoyableD)it draws our attention away from our worries and troublesPart IV Translation(15minutes)Directions:In this part,there are four items,each consisting of one or two sentences for you to translate into Chinese.These sentences are all taken from the Reading Passages you have just read in Part Three of Test Paper One.You should refer back to the passages so as to identify their meanings in the context.S1.(Lines1-2,Para.1,Passage1)Long after the1998World Cup was won,disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing(裁判)decisions that denied victory to their team.S2.(Lines1-2,Para.6,Passage2)But for many,the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well withoutgovernment aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory.S3.(Lines5-6,Para.2,Passage3)What easier way is there for a nurse,a policeman,a barber,or a waiter to lose professional identity(身份)than to step out of uniform?S4.(Lines3-4,Para.1,Passage4)Social support consists of the exchange of resources among people based on their inter personal ties.Part V Writing(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary?The first sentence has already been written for you.You should write at least100words,and base your competition on the outline given in Chinese below:1.很多人认为有必要举行英语口语考试，理由是…2.也有人持不同意见，...3.我的看法和打算Is a Test of Spoken English NecessaryA test of spoken English will be included as an optional component of the College English Test (CET)答案Part I1.C2.C3.B4.D5.B6.D7.A8.C9.D10.D11.D12.A13.B14.C15.B16.A17.A18.C19.B20.APart II21.D22.A23.C24.B25.C26.A27.B28.B29.D30.B31.C32.B33.A34.B35.C36.D37.A38.A39.A40.C41.A42.D43.D44.A45.B46.C47.C48.D49.D50.BPart III51.B52.C53.A54.C55.B56.D57.C58.A59.B60.D61.B62.A63.D64.C65.D66.A67.B68.C69.A70.DS1.1998年世界杯足球赛早已尘埃落定，但失望的球迷们仍在责骂那些颇有争议的判罚，声称正是那些判罚使他们的球队没能获胜。

2000专四题

Part ⅡDICTATION ［15 MIN.］Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage w ill be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seco nds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time yo u should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more. Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET TWOPart ⅢLISTENING COMPREHENSION ［20 MIN.］In Sections A, B, and C you will hear everything ONCE ONL Y. Listen carefully an d then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question o n your answer sheet.Section A STATEMENTIn this section you will hear nine statements. At the end of the statement you w ill be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following nine questions.1. What is said about Harry's brother?A. He is happy with his job.B. He is a very ambitious man.C. He is too ambitious to be an engine driver.D. He doesn't like to be an engine driver.2. What do you learn about Ms. Ellis?A. She has been waiting.B. She is examining her patient.C. She is seeing her doctor.D. She wouldn't mind waiting.3. Joan is probably a___.A. nurseB. doctorC. lawyerD. saleswoman4. The speaker sees Mary wear ___ different silk scarves in a week.A. 2B. 5C. 7D. 65. Where will the passengers change trains to go to Gilford?A. East Croydon.B. Victoria.C. Southeast.D. Red Hill.6. What is the speaker probably doing?A. Interviewing a clerk.B. Writing a job ad.C. Dismissing a clerk.D. Making inquires7. What does the speaker mean?A. Emily is neither honest nor trustworthy.B. Emily used to be honest only.C. Emily used to be trustworthy only.D. Emily is more than honest and trustworthy.8. When does the next train leave?A. 6:56.B. 7:00.C.7:28.D.8:38.9. What was wrong with Malcolm?A. He had trouble working hard.B. He didn't know where to go.C. He never went anywhere.D. He worked hard but never succeeded.SECTION B CONVERSATIONIn this section, you will hear eight short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following eight questions.10. What's the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Teacher and student.B. Doctor and patient.C. Lawyer and client.D. Boss and secretary.11. What is the weather usually like in November?A. Hotter than the present weather.B. More humid than the present weather.C. Drier than the present weather.D. Cooler than the present weather.12. What conclusion can we draw from this conversation?A. Public buses are fast and cheap.B. Parking is becoming a big problem.C. Subway trains are even safer than taxis.D. Taxis are more convenient than buses.13. What are the two speakers talking about?A. Fixing the woman's computer.B. Ordering some new parts by Friday.C. Getting the new parts ready by Friday.D. Sending the woman's computer for repair.14. What can we learn from the conversation?A. Neither of them has a favourable opinion of the service.B. The woman is having a terrible time serving in the restaurant.C. Both agree it's time for the restaurant to fire some staff.D. The man thinks the restaurant is all right, but the womanDoesn't.15. Who will pay for the call?A. The man.B. The operator.C. The man's sister.D. The man and his sister.16. WhatDoes the man think of the woman's choice of clothing?A. He thinks her choice is good.B. He thinks her choice is terrible.C. He Doesn't like the colour.D. He Doesn't like the style.17. What happened to Mr. Runt's project?A. It was fairly successful.B. It was hard and futile.C. It failed for lack of fund.D. It stopped for lack of land.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTQuestion 18 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you wil l be given 1O seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.18.According to the news, NATO and Russia___.A.have finalized a charter on their new relationshipB.still have differences in military and political issuesC.will hold a fifth round of talks in LuxembourgD.made no progress in this round of talksQuestions 19 and 20 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item , you will be given 20 seconds to answer the two questions.Now listen to the news.19.___ people were killed during the air crash.A. 61B. 51C. 41D. 1020.According to the news, the plane crashed___.A.shortly before it landedB.minutes after it took offC.after it cleared the mountainsD.at the foot of the mountainsQuestions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item , you will be given 20 seconds to answer the two questions.Now listen to the news.21.Which of the following is NOT listed as a terrorist group by the US ?A.The pro-Iranian Hezbollah.B.The Palestinian group Hamas.C.The Irish Republican Army.D.The Basque separatist group ETA.22.The affected groups will be prevented from___.A.entering the United States legallyB.freezing US financial assets abroadC.receiving support from other countriesD.giving weapons to other terrorist groupsQuestion 23 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you wil l be given 1O seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.23.Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu___.A.has been prosecuted by the Justice MinistryB.may be prosecuted by the Justice MinistryC.has been prosecuted by the policeD.will be prosecuted on MondayQuestions 24 and 25 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item , you will be given 20 seconds to answer the two questions.Now listen to the news.24.The winners of the reported elections are___.A.the left-wing ConservativesB.the left-wing SocialistsC.the centre-right ConservativesD.the centre-right Socialists25.If the left secures the parliamentary majority,___.A.Chirac will share his presidential power with JospinB.Jospin will share his prime ministerial power with ChiracC.Jospin will become prime minister, and Chirac will remainD.Jospin will become prime minister, and Chirac will resign完型填空Part ⅣCLOZE ［15 MIN.］Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on your answer sheet.The difference between a liquid and a gas is obvious___( 26 )___the conditions of temperature and pressure commonly found at the sur face of the Earth. A liquid can be kept in an open container and___( 27 )___it to the level of a free surface. A gas forms no free surface but___( 28 )___to diffuse throughout the space available; it must___( 29 )___be kept in a closed container, as___( 30 )___a planet's atmosphere. The distinction was a prominent feature of early theories___( 31 )___the phases of matter. In the nineteenth century, for example, one theory maintained that a liquid could be "dissolved" in a vapor without losing its identity, and another theory held that the two phases are___( 32 )___different kinds o f molecules(分子). The theories now prevailing___( 33 )___a quit e different approach by emphasizing what liquids and gases have in common. They are both forms of matter that have no permanent structure, and they both flow ea sily. They are fluids.The___( 34 )___similarly of liquids and gases becomes clear ly apparent when the temperature and pressure are raised somewhat.___( 35 )___a closed container partially filled with a liquid is heated. The li quid expands or___( 36 )___, becomes less dense; some of it evapor ates.___( 37 )___, the vapor above the liquid surface becomes dense r as the evaporated molecules are added to it. The combination of temperature an d pressure___( 38 )___the densities become equal is___( 39 )___the critical point. Above the critical point the liquid and the gas can no longer be___( 40 )___; there is a single, undifferentiated fluid phase of uniform density.26.A. in B. on C. under D. beyond27.A. fills B. be filled C. filling D. to fill28.A. intends B. tends C. inclines D. contends29.A. however B. nevertheless C. so D. therefore30．A. in the event of B. in the case of C. with a view to D. with reference to31.A. having described B. described C. describing D. to have described32.A. made up of B. consisted of C. constituted of D. made from33.A. apply B. adapt C. take D. conduct34.A. elementary B. crucial C. rudimentary D. fundamental35.A. Suppose B. To suppose C. Being supposed D. Supposed36.A. in a word B. in the meantime C. in other words D. in that case37.A. Similarly B. In contrast C. Furthermore D. Instead38.A. on that B. on which C. at that D. at which39.A. known B. defined C. called D. referred to40.A. classified B. recognized C. categorized D. distinguished选择Part ⅤGRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY ［15 MIN.］There are twenty-five sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your answer sheet.41.Acute hearing helps most animals sense the approach of thunderstorm s long before people___.A. doB. hearC. do themD. hearing it42. This is an illness that can result in total blindness ___ left u ntreated.A. afterB. ifC. sinceD.unless43.The central provinces have floods in some years, and ___.A. drought in othersB. droughts are othersC. while other droughtsD. others in drought44.Do help yourself to some fruit,___ you?A. can'tB. don'tC. wouldn'tD. won't45.There___ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an e nd half an hour earlier.A. to beB. to have beenC. beingD. be46.My mother can't get ___ because she has rheumatism (风湿病).A. aboutB.onC. throughD. in47. I was very much put ___ by Mark's rude behavior; it really annoy ed me.A.overB.offC.upD.by48.You ___ Jim anything about it. It was none of his business.A. needn't have toldB. needn't tellC. mustn't have toldD. mustn't tell49.All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there___ q uite such a crowd of people there.A. weren'tB. hasn't beenC. hadn't beenD. w ouldn't be50. Firms that use computers have found that the number of staff ___ quality control can be substantially reduced.A.whoseB.asC.whatD.that51. ___ at in this way, the present economic situation doesn't seem so gloomy.A. LookingB. LookedC. Having lookedD. To look52. Many people are ___ to insect bites, and some even have to go to hospital.A. insensitiveB. allergicC. sensibleD. infected53.When you're driving on a motorway, you must obey the signs telling you to get into the right ___.A.wayB.trackC.roadne54.The motorist had to ___to avoid knocking the old woman down in the middle of the road.A. swerveB. twistC. departD. swing55.In winter drivers have trouble stopping their cars from ___ on icy roads.A. skatingB. skiddingC. slidingD. slipping56.This project would ___ a huge increase in defense spending.A. resultB. assureC. entailD. accomplish57.The chances of a repetition of these unfortunate events are ___ indeed.A. distantB. slimC. unlikelyD. narrow58.We should make a clear ___ between 'competent' and 'proficient' for the purposes of our discussion.A. separationB. divisionC. distinctionD. diffe rence59.In the present economic ___ we can make even greater progress than previously.A. airB. moodC. areaD. climate 60.Rite of Passage is a good novel by any standards;___, it shoul d rank high on any list of science fiction.A. consistentlyB. consequentlyC. invariablyD. fortunately61.The diversity of tropical plants in the region represents a seeming ly___ source of raw materials, of which only a few have been utilized.A. exploitedB. controversialC. inexhaustibleD. remarkable62.While he was in Beijing, he spent all his time ___ some import ant museums and buildings.A. visitingB. travelingC. watchingD. touring63.You must let me have the annual report without ___ by ten o'cl ock tomorrow morning.A. failureB. hesitationC. troubleD. fail64.As the director can't come to the reception, I'm representing the c ompanyA. on his accountB. on his behalfC. for his partD. in his interest65. Dreams are___ in themselves, but when combined with other data, they can tell us much about the dreamer.A. uninformativeB. startlingC. harmlessD. uncontrollable阅读理解APart ⅥREADING COMPREHENSION ［30 MIN.］SECTION A READING COMPREHENSION［25 MIN.］In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.Mark your answers on your answer sheet.TEXT AClearly if we are to participate in the society in which we live we must communicate with other people. A great deal of communicating is performed on a person-t o-person basis by thesimple means of speech. If we travel in buses, buy things in shops, or eat in restaurants, we are likely to have conversations where we give information or opinions, receive news or comment, and very likely have our views challenged by other members of society.Face-to-face contact is by no means the only form of communication and during the last two hundred years the art of mass communication has become one of the dominating factors of contemporary society. Two things, above others, have caused t he enormous growth of the communication industry. Firstly, inventiveness has led to advances in printing, telecommunications, photography, radio and television. secondly, speed has revolutionised the transmission and reception of communications so that local news often takes a back seat to national news, which itself i s often almost eclipsed by international news.No longer is the possession of information confined to a privileged minority. In the last century the wealthy man with his own library was indeed fortunate, but today there are public libraries. Forty years ago people used to flock to the cinema, but now far more people sit at home and turn on the TV to watch a program me that is being channelled into millions of homes. Communication is no longer merely concerned with the transmission of information. The modem communication industry influences the way people live in society and broadens their horizons by allowing access to information, education and entertainment. The printing, broadcasting and advertising industries are all involved with informing, educating and entertaining.Although a great deal of the material communicated by the mass media is very valuable to the individual and to the society of which he is a part, the vast modem network of communications is open to abuse. However, the mass media are with us for better, for worse, and there is no turning back.66.In the first paragraph the writer emphasizes the___ of face-t o-face contact in social settings.A. natureB. limitationC. usefulnessD. creativity67.It is implied in the passage that___.A.local news used to be the only source of information.B.local news still takes a significant place.C.national news is becoming more popular.D.international news is the fastest transmitted news.68.Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A.To possess information used to be a privilege.B.Public libraries have replaced private libraries.munication means more than transmission.rmation influences ways of life and thinking.69.From the last paragraph we can infer that the writer is___.A.indifferent to the harmful influence of the mass mediaB.happy about the drastic changes in the mass mediaC.pessimistic about the future of the mass mediaD.concerned about the wrong use of the mass mediaTEXT BThe men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Distinguishing epithets were rarely added. These might be patronymic, descriptive or occupational. They were, however, hardly surnames. Heritable names gradually became general in the three centuriesfollowing the Norman Conquest in 1066. It was not until the 13th and 14th centuries that surnames became fixed, although for many years after that, the degree of stability in family names varied considerably in different parts of the country.British surnames fall mainly into four broad categories: patronymic, occupational, descriptive and local. A few names, it is true, will remain puzzling: foreign names, perhaps, crudely translated, adapted or abbreviated; or artificial names . In fact, over fifty per cent of genuine British surnames derive from place names of different kinds, and so they belong to the last of our four main categories. Even such a name as Simpson may belong to this last group, and not to the first , had the family once had its home in the ancient village of that name. Otherwise, Simpson means "the son of Simon", as might be expected.Hundreds of occupational surnames are at once familiar to us, or at least recognisable after a little thought: Archer, Carter, Fisher, Mason, Thatcher, Taylor, to name but a few. Hundreds of others are more obscure in their meanings an d testify to the amazing specialisation in medieval arts, crafts and functions. Such are "Day", (Old English for breadmaker) and "Walker" (a fuller whose job it was to clean and thicken newly made cloth).All these vocational names carry with them a certain gravity and dignity, which descriptive names often lack. Some, it is true, like "Long", "Short" or "Little", are simple. They may be taken quite literally. Others require more thinking: their meanings are slightly different from the modem ones. "Black" and "White " implied dark and fair respectively. "Sharp" meant genuinely discerning, alert, acute rather than quick-witted or clever. Place-names have a lasting interest since there is hardly a town or village in all England that has not at some time given its name to a family. They may be picturesque, even poetical; or they may be pedestrian, even trivial. Among the commoner names which survive with relatively little change from old-English times are "Milton"(middle enclosure) and "Hilton"(enclosure on a hill).70.Surnames are said to be ___ in Anglo-Saxon England.A. commonB. vocationalC. unusualD. descriptive71.We learn from the first paragraph ___ for many years after the 13th and 14th centuries.A. family names became descriptive and occupationalB. people in some areas still had no surnamesC. some people kept changing their surnamesD. all family names became fixed in England72."Patronymic" in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to "formed from ___.A. the name of one's father"B. the family occupation"C. one's family home"D. one's family history"73.Which of the following sentences is an opinion rather than a fact?A. hundreds of occupational names are at once familiar to us.B. "Black" and "White" implied "dark" and "fair" respectively.C. Vocational names carry with them a certain gravity and dignity.D. Every place in England has given its name to a family.TEXT CSince the early 1930s, Swiss banks had prided themselves on their system of banking secrecy and numbered accounts. Over the years, they had successfully withstood every challenge to thissystem by their own government who, in turn, ha d been frequently urged by foreign governments to reveal information about the financial affairs to certain account holders. The result of this policy of secrecy was that a kind of mystique had grown up around Swiss banking. There was a widely-held belief that Switzerland was irresistible to wealthy foreigners, mainly because of its numbered accounts and bankers' reluctance to ask awkward questions of depositors. Contributing to the mystique was the view, carefully propagated by the banks themselves, that if this secrecy was ever given up, foreigners would fall over themselves in the rush to withdraw money, and the Swiss banking system would virtually collapse overnight.To many, therefore, it came like a bolt out of the blue, when, in 1977, the Swiss banks announced they had signed a pact with the Swiss National Bank (the Central Bank). The aim of the agreement was to prevent to improper use of the country's bank secrecy laws, and its effect was to curb severely the system of secrecy.The rules which the banks had agreed to observe made the opening of numbered accounts subject to much closer scrutiny than before. The banks would be required, if necessary, to identify the origin of foreign funds going into numbered and other accounts. The idea was to stop such accounts being used for dubious purposes. Also they agreed not to accept funds resulting from tax evasion or from crime.The pact represented essentially a tightening up of banking rules. Although the banks agreed to end relations with clients whose identities were unclear or who were performing improper acts, they were still not obliged to inform on a client to anyone, including the Swiss government. To some extent, therefore, the princ iple of secrecy had been maintained.74.Swiss banks took pride in___.A.the number of their accountsB.withholding client informationC.being mysterious to the outsidersD.attracting wealthy foreign clients75.According to the passage, the widely-held belief that Switzerland w as irresistible to wealthy foreigners was ___ by banks themselves.A.deniedB. criticizedC. reviewedD.defended76.In the last paragraph, the writer thinks that___.plete changes had been introduced into Swiss banksB.Swiss banks could no longer keep client informationC.changes in the bank policies had been somewhat superficialD.more changes need to be considered and madeTEXT DCoketown was a town of red brick, or of brick that would have been red if the smoke and the ashes had allowed it; but as matters stood it was a town of unnatural red and black like the painted face of a savage. It was a town of machinery an d tall chimneys, out of which smoke trailed themselves for ever and ever. It had a black canal in it, and a river that ran purple with ill-smelling dye, and vas t piles of buildings full of windows where there was a rattling and a trembling all day long, and where the piston of the steam-engine worked monotonously up an d down like the head of an elephant in a state of madness. The town contained several large streets all very like one another, and many small streets still more like one another, inhabited by people equally like one another.A sunny midsummer day. There was such a thing sometimes, even in Coketown. Seen from a distance in such weather, Coketown lay covered in a haze of its own. You only knew the town was there, because you knew there could have been no such blotch upon the view without a town.The streets were hot and dusty on the summer day, and the sun was so bright that it even shone through the haze over Coketown, and could not be looked at steadily. Workers emerged from low underground doorways into factory yards, and sat on posts and steps, wiping their faces and contemplating coals. The whole town see med to be frying in oil. There was a stifling smell of hot oil everywhere. The atmosphere of those places was like the breath of hell, and their inhabitants was ting with heat, toiled languidly in the desert. But no temperature made the mad elephants more mad or more sane. Their wearisome heads went up and down at the same rate, in hot weather and in cold, wet weather and dry fair weather and foul. The measured motion of their shadows on the walls, was the substitute Coketown had to show for the shadows of rustling woods; while for the summer hum of insects, it could offer all the year round, from the dawn of Monday to the night of S aturday, the whirr of shafts and wheels.77.Which of the following adjectives is NOT appropriate to describe Co ketown?A. dullB. dirtyC. noisyD. savage78.From the passage we know that Coketown was mainly a(n) ___town .A. industrialB. agriculturalC. residentialD. commercial79. Only ___ were not affected by weather.A.the workmenB. the inhabitantsC.the steam-enginesD.the rustling woods80.Which is the author's opinion of Coketown?A.Coketown should be replaced by woods.B.The town was seriously polluted.C.The town had too much oil in it.D. The town's atmosphere was traditional.SECTION B SKIMMING AND SCANNINGIn this section there are seven passages with a total often multiple-choice questions. Skim or scan them as required and then mark your answers on your answer sheet.TEXT EFirst read the following question.81.The writer is concerned about___.A. budget housekeepingB. the retail tradeC. computer skillsD. mental arithmeticNow read Text E quickly and mark your answer on your answer sheet.A lot of attention is being given to children who leave school unable to read or write. I think there should be equal concern for those who are unable to cope with simple mental arithmetic -particularly girls. It is often stated that today's children are growing up in a computer world and they don't need the same skills that their grandparents did. But is it any wonder that many young girls trying to cope with budget housekeeping fail for the simple reason they cannot keep accurate checks on their purchases? Shopping in markets is no source of cheap purchasing unless one is able to keep pace with the apparent mental agility of the vendor. Must we face the thought that at some time in the distant future everyone will need to carry in their handbag or pocket one of the miniature calculators?TEXT FFirst read the following question.82.This is a letter of___.A. referenceB. applicationC. inquiryD. complaintNow read Text F quickly and mark your answer on your answer sheet.10 Garden Ave.EssexThe Personnel OfficerBelgian Medico Ltd.P0 Box 920BrusselsBelgium5th May 200___Dear Sir,With reference to your advertisement in the "Daily Star", I’d like to apply for the position of translator with your firm. I hold a degree in German and French from the University of London. And I have worked as a translator for the past three years with Watson & Sons, Ltd., manufacturer of laboratory instruments, translating business correspondence from French and German into English. I am 25 years old and unmarried. I enjoy living and working in different countries and I should welcome the chance of moving to Belgium.Yours sincerely,(Miss) Janet HolbrookeTEXT GFirst read the following question.83.The passage is mainly about___.A.lonelinessB.experienceC.memoryD.isolationNow read Text G quickly and mark your answer on your answer sheet.Loneliness is a curious thing. Most of us can remember feeling most lonely when we were not in fact alone at all, but when we were surrounded by people. Everyone has experienced, at some time, that strong sense of isolation that comes over you when you are at a party or in a room full of happy laughing people. It suddenly seems to you as if everybody knows everybody else,。

2000专四真题参考答案

参考答案：PART ⅠWRITINGSECTION A［参考范文］The Importance of Extracurricular ActivitiesDear Editor,People have different ideas about how students should spend their school days. Some believe that students should spend the whole day on academic studies. Others believe that extracurricular activities should be a required part of every school day. I think both ways have their advantages. But I prefer the latter.As a student, our main task is to concentrate on our academic study. We have to attend classes, reading books and doing assignments. Only by working hard can we learn our courses well. But I don’t think we should spend every hour and minute on academic study. A proverb says, “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.” Without good health and strong body, how can we improve our study efficiency and make great achievements in our academic study? Besides, spending the whole day on academic study may make us exhausted and weak. We should find other meaningful things to do besides studying. For example, doing extracurricular activities can make students’ life more colorful and beneficial. There are various forms of exercise. My favorite one is football. I play football with my classmates for one hour every afternoon. After a day’s hard work, how nice it is to stretch my arms and legs! By playing football I’ve got both joy and strength. I always looken ergetic.Actually doing extracurricular activities doesn’t disturb our study if we make full use of our time. Instead it does help us study more efficiently. We can be good at learning as well as extracurricular activities. So I suggest that students do extracurricular activities along with their academic studies.SECTION B［参考范文］Dear George,I have read on the notice board that the university is looking for a part-time library assistance who can work at weekends. I think you are the suitable person for this vacancy, for you are free at weekends and it pays well, yet the job is not difficult. It is also a good chance to improve yourself. So you shouldgo for an interview.Yours完型填空短文大意：这篇文章介绍了气体与液体的特性及相关理论。

2000年6月全国大学英语四级(CET-4)考试真题及参考答案

2000年6月全国大学英语四级CET4考试真题和答案Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Example:You will hear:You will read:A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) She is not interested in the article.B) She has given the man much trouble.C) She would like to have a copy of the article.D) She doesn’t want to take the trouble to read the article.2. A) He saw the big tower he visited on TV.B) He has visited the TV tower twice.C) He has visited the TV tower once.D) He will visit the TV tower in June.3. A) The woman regrets having taken up much of the professor’s time.B) The woman regrets having taken up much of the professor’s time.C) The woman knows the professor has been busy.D) The woman knows the professor has run into trouble.4. A) He doesn’t enjoy business trips as much as he used to.B) He doesn’t think he is capable of doing the job.C) He thinks the pay is too low to support his family.D) He wants to spend more time with his family.5. A) The man thought the essay was easy.B) They both had a hard time writing the essay.C) The woman thought the essay was easy.D) Neither of them has finished the assignment yet.6. A) In the park.B) Between two buildings.C) In his apartment.D) Under a huge tree.7. A) It’s awfully dull.B) It’s really exciting.C) It’s very exhausting.D) It’s quite challenging.8. A) A movie.B) A lecture.C) A play.D) A speech.9. A) The weather is mild compared to the past years.B) They are having the coldest winter ever.C) The weather will soon get warmer.D) The weather may get even colder.10. A) A mystery story.B) The hiring of a shop assistant.C) The search for a reliable witness.D) An unsolved case of robbery.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage oneQuestions 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) They want to change the way English is taught.B) They learn English to find well-paid jobs.C) They want to have an up-to-date knowledge of English.D) They know clearly what they want to learn.12. A) Professionals.B) College students.C) Beginners.D) Intermediate learners.13. A) Courses for doctors.B) Courses for businessmen.C) Courses for reporters.D) Courses for lawyers.14. A) Three groups of learners.B) The importance of business English.C) English for Specific Purposes.D) Features of English for different purposes.Passage TwoQuestions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.15. A) To show off their wealth.B) To feel good.C) To regain their memory.D) To be different from others.16. A) To help solve their psychological problems.B) To play games with them.C) To send them to the hospital.D) To make them aware of its harmfulness.17. A) They need care and affection.B) They are fond of round-the-world trips.C) They are mostly form broken families.D) They are likely to commit crimes.Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) Because it was too heavy.B) Because it did not bend easily.C) Because it did not shoot far.D) Because its string was short.19. A) It went out of use 300 years ago.B) It was invented after the short bow.C) It was discovered before fire and the wheel.D) It’s still in use today.20. A) They are accurate and easy to pull.B) Their shooting range is 40 yards.C) They are usually used indoors.D) They took 100 years to develop.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.21. As we can no longer wait for the delivery of our order, we have to ________ it.A) postponeB) refuseC) delayD) cancel22. These books, which you can get at any bookshop, will give you ________ you need.A) all the informationB) all the informationC) all of informationD) all of the information23. Not until the game had begun ________ at the sports ground.A) had he arrivedB) would he have arrivedC) did he arriveD) should he have arrived24. Young people are not ________ to stand and look at works of art; they want art they can participate in.A) conservativeB) contentC) confidentD) generous25. Most broadcasters maintain that TV has been unfairly criticized and argue that the power of the medium is ________.A) grantedB) impliedC) exaggeratedD) remedied26. These surveys indicate that many crimes go ________ by the police, mainly because not all victims report them.A) unrecordedB) to be unrecordedC) unrecordingD) to have been unrecorded27. I have no objection ________ your story again.A) to hearB) to hearingC) to having heardD) to have heard28. The clothes a person wears may express his ________ or social position.A) curiosityB) statusC) determinationD) significance29. By law, when one makes a large purchase, he should have ________ opportunity to change his mind.A) accurateB) urgentC) excessiveD) adequate30. You will see this product ________ wherever you go.A) to be advertisedB) advertisedC) advertiseD) advertising31. The early pioneers had to ________ many hardships to settle on the new land.A) go along withB) go back onC) go throughD) go into32. The suggestion that the major ________ the prizes was accepted by everyone.A) would presentB) presentC) presentsD) ought to present33. Beer is the most popular drink among male drinkers, ________ overall consumption is significantly higher than that of women.A) whoseB) whichC) thatD) what34. Peter, who had been driving all day, suggested ________ at the next town.A) to stopB) stoppingC) stopD) having stopped35. I didn’t know the word. I had to ________ a dictionary.A) look outB) make outC) refer toD) go over36. The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds ________ his arguments in favour of the new theory.A) to be based onB) to base onC) which to base onD) on which to base37. There are signs ________ restaurants are becoming more popular with families.A) thatB) whichC) in whichD) whose38. I think I was at school, ________ I was staying with a friends during the vacation when I heard the news.A) or elseB) and thenC) or soD) even so39. It is said that the math teacher seems ________ towards bright students.A) partialB) beneficialC) preferableD) liable40. In order to show his boss what a careful worker he was, he took ________ trouble over thefigures.A) extensiveB) spareC) extraD) supreme41. —“May I speak to your manager Mr. Williams at five o’clock tonight?”—“I’m sorry. Mr. Williams ________ to a conference long before then.”A) will have goneB) had goneC) would have goneD) has gone42. You ________ him so closely; you should have kept your distance.A) shouldn’t followB) mustn’t followC) couldn’t’ have been followingD) shouldn’t have been following43. The growth of part-time and flexible working patterns, and of training and retraining schemes, ________ more women to take advantage of employment opportunities.A) have allowedB) allowC) allowingD) allows44. Everybody ________ in the hall where they were welcomed by the secretary.A) assembledB) accumulatedC) piledD) joined45. Putting in a new window will ________ cutting away part of the roof.A) includeB) involveC) containD) comprise46. Living in the western part of the country has its problems, ________ obtaining fresh water is not the least.A) with whichB) for whichC) of whichD) which47. In the ________ of the project not being a success, the investors stand to lose up to $30 million.A) faceB) timeC) eventD) course48. The manager would rather his daughter ________ in the same office.A) had not workedB) not to workC) does not workD) did not work49. ________, he does get annoyed with her sometimes.A) Although much he likes herB) Much although he likes herC) As he likes her muchD) Much as he likes her50. The British constitution is ________ a large extent a product of the historical events described above.A) withinB) toC) byD) atPart III Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing (裁判) decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees.The researcher organized an experimental tournament (锦标赛) involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge.Observers noted down the referees’ errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number.The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyse the matches in detail. Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research shows the optimum (最佳的) distance is about 20 meters.There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second.If FIFA, football’s internati onal ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues.He also says that FIFA’s insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguided. Ifkeeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical.51. The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to ________.A) review the decisions of referees at the 1998 World CupB) analyse the causes of errors made by football refereesC) set a standard for football refereeingD) reexamine the rules for football refereeing52. The number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches was ________.A) slightly above averageB) higher than in the 1998 World CupC) quite unexpectedD) as high as in a standard match53. The findings of the experiment show that ________.A) errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ballB) the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errorsC) the more slowly the referee runs, the more likely will errors occurD) errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot54. The word “officials” (Line 2, Para. 4) most probably refers to ________.A) the researchers involved in the experimentB) the inspectors of the football tournamentC) the referees of the football tournamentD) the observers at the site of the experiment55. What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment?A) The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is 45.B) Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee.C) A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible.D) An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition. Passage TwoQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.While still in its early stages, welfare reform has already been judged a great success in many states—at least in getting people off welfare. It’s es timated that more than 2 million people have left the rolls since 1994.In the past four years, welfare rolls in Athens Country have been cut in half. But 70 percent of the people who left in the past tow years took jobs that paid less than $6 an hour. The result: The Athens County poverty rate still remains at more than 30 percent—twice the national average.For advocates (代言人) for the poor, that’s an indication much more needs to be done.“More people are getting jobs, but it’s not making their lives any better,” says Kathy Lairn, a policy analyst at the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities in Washington.A center analysis of US Census data nationwide found that between 1995 and 1996, a greater percentage of single, female-headed households were earning money on their own, but that average income for these households actually went down.But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory.“Welfare was a poison. It was a toxin (毒素) that was poisoning the family,” says Robert Rector,a welfare-reform policy analyst. “The reform in changing the moral climate in low-income communities. It’s beginning to rebuild the work ethic (道德观), which is much more impor tant.”Mr. Rector and others argued that once “the habit of dependency is cracked,” then the country can make other policy changes aimed at improving living standards.56. From the passage, it can be seen that the author ________.A) believes the reform ha s reduced the government’s burdenB) insists that welfare reform is doing little good for the poorC) is overenthusiastic about the success of welfare reformD) considers welfare reform to be fundamentally successful57. Why aren’t people enjoying better l ives when they have jobs?A) Because many families are divorced.B) Because government aid is now rare.C) Because their wages are low.D) Because the cost of living is rising.58. What is worth noting from the example of Athens County is that ________.A) greater efforts should be made to improve people’s living standardsB) 70 percent of the people there have been employed for two yearsC) 50 percent of the population no longer relies on welfareD) the living standards of most people are going down59. From the passage we know that welfare reform aims at ________.A) saving welfare fundsB) rebuilding the work ethicC) providing more jobsD) cutting government expenses60. According to the passage before the welfare reform was carried out, ________.A) the poverty rate was loverB) average living standards were higherC) the average worker was paid higher wagesD) the poor used to rely on government aidPassage ThreeQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Americans are pound of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of afive-star general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian (百姓的) clothes. People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity (身份) than to step out of uniform?Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are tax-deductible (可减税的). They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent lossof individuality experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least.Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.61. It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and individuality ________.A) still judge a man by his clothesB) hold the uniform in such high regardC) enjoy having a professional identityD) will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform62. People are accustomed to think that a man in uniform ________.A) suggests quality workB) discards his social identityC) appears to be more practicalD) looks superior to a person in civilian clothes63. The chief function of a uniform is to ________.A) provide practical benefits to the wearerB) make the wearer catch the pubic eyeC) inspire the wearer’s co nfidence in himselfD) provide the wearer with a professional identity64. According to the passage, people wearing uniforms ________.A) are usually helpfulB) have little or no individual freedomC) tend to lose their individualityD) enjoy greater popularity65. The best title for this passage would be ________.A) Uniforms and SocietyB) The Importance of Wearing a UniformC) Practical Benefits of Wearing a UniformD) Advantages and Disadvantages of UniformsPassage FourQuestions 66 to 70 are based on the following passage.Since we are social beings, the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationships. One strength of the human condition is our tendency to give and receive support from one another under stressful circumstances. Social support consists of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties. Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to cope with major life changes and daily hassles (困难). People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those without such ties. Studies over a range of illnesses, from depression to heart disease, reveal that the presence of social support helps people fend off (挡开) illness, and the absence of such support makes poor health more likely.Social support cushions stress in a number of ways. First, friends, relatives, and co-workers may let us know that they value us. Our self-respect is strengthened when we feel accepted by others despite our faults and difficulties. Second, other people often provide us with informational support. They help us to define and understand our problems and find solutions to them. Third, we typically find social companionship supportive. Engaging in leisure-time activities with others helps us to meet our social needs while at the same time distracting (转移…注意力) us from our worries and troubles. Finally, other people may give us instrumental support—financial aid, material resources, and needed services—that reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems.66. Interpersonal relationships are important because ________.A) they are indispensable to people’s social well-beingB) they awaken people’s desire to exchange resourcesC) they help people to cope with life in the information eraD) they can cure a range of illnesses such as heart disease, etc67. Research shows that people’s physical and mental health ________.A) relies on the social welfare systems which support themB) has much to do with the amount of support they get from othersC) depends on their ability to deal with daily worries and troublesD) is closely related to their strength for coping with major changes in their lives68. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “cushions” (Line 1, Para. 2)?A) Adds up to.B) Does away with.C) Lessens the effect of.D) Lays the foundation for.69. Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work is an example of ________.A) instrumental supportB) informational supportC) social companionshipD) the strengthening of self-respect70. Social companionship is beneficial in that ________.A) it helps strengthen our ties with relativesB) it enables us to eliminate our faults and mistakesC) it makes our leisure-time activities more enjoyableD) it draws our attention away from our worries and troublesPart IV Translation (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, there are four items, each consisting of one or two sentences for you to translate into Chinese. These sentences are all taken from the Reading Passages you have just read in Part Three of Test Paper One. You should refer back to the passages so as to identify their meanings in the context.S1. (Lines 1-2, Para. 1, Passage 1)Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing (裁判) decisions that denied victory to their team.S2. (Lines 1-2, Para. 6, Passage 2)But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well withoutgovernment aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory.S3. (Lines 5-6, Para. 2, Passage 3)What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity (身份) than to step out of uniform?S4. (Lines 3-4, Para. 1, Passage 4)Social support consists of the exchange of resources among people based on their inter personal ties.Part V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary? The first sentence has already been written for you. You should write at least 100 words, and base your competition on the outline given in Chinese below:1. 很多人认为有必要举行英语口语考试，理由是…2. 也有人持不同意见，...3. 我的看法和打算Is a Test of Spoken English NecessaryA test of spoken English will be included as an optional component of the College English Test (CET)答案Part I1. C2. C3. B4. D5. B6. D7. A8. C9. D 10. D11. D 12. A 13. B 14. C 15. B16. A 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. APart II21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. C26. A 27. B 28. B 29. D 30. B31. C 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. C36. D 37. A 38. A 39. A 40. C41. A 42. D 43. D 44. A 45. B46. C 47. C 48. D 49. D 50. BPart III51. B 52. C 53. A 54. C 55. B56. D 57. C 58. A 59. B 60. D61. B 62. A 63. D 64. C 65. D66. A 67. B 68. C 69. A 70. DS1. 1998年世界杯足球赛早已尘埃落定，但失望的球迷们仍在责骂那些颇有争议的判罚，声称正是那些判罚使他们的球队没能获胜。

2000年12月四级考试真题与答案3

Section B Directions:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］and ［D］ . Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard. 11. ［A］ He was once a friend of the ruler. ［B］ He was a tax collector. ［C］ He was a government official. ［D］ He was once a school teacher in India. 12. ［A］ To declare new ways of collecting tax. ［B］ To entertain those who had made great contributions to the government. ［C］ To collect money from the persons invited. ［D］ To reward outstanding tax collectors. 13. ［A］ They tried to collect more money than the ruler asked for. ［B］ They were given some silver and gold coins by the ruler. ［C］ They were excused from paying income tax. ［D］ They enjoyed being invited to dinner at the ruler's palace. Passage Two Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard. 14. ［A］ They liked travelling. ［B］ They wanted to find a better place to live in. ［C］ They were driven out of their homes. ［D］ The reasons are unknown. 15. ［A］ They try to put up with Gypsies. ［B］ They are envious of Gypsies. ［C］ They are unfriendly to Gypsies. ［D］ They admire the musical talent of the Gypsies. 16. ［A］ Special schools have been set up for them. ［B］ Permanent homes have been built for them. ［C］ They are now taught in their own language. ［D］ They are now allowed to attend local schools. Passage Three Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard. 17. ［A］ The causes are obvious. ［B］ The causes are very complicated ［C］ The causes are familiar. ［D］ The causes are not well understood. 18. ［A］ Regular driver training. ［B］ Improved highway ［C］ Stricter traffic regulations. ［D］ Better public transportation. 19. ［A］ Highway crime. ［B］ Poor traffic control. ［C］ Confusing road signs. ［D］ Drivers' errors. 20. ［A］ Designing better cars. ［B］ Building more highways. ［C］ Increasing people's awareness of traffic problems. ［D］ Enhancing drivers' sense of responsibility.。

2000年全国英语专业四级试题（10）

TEXT C Since the early 1930s, Swiss banks had prided themselves on their system of banking secrecy and numbered accounts. Over the years, they had successfully withstood every challenge to this system by their own government who, in turn, ha d been frequently urged by foreign governments to reveal information about the financial affairs to certain account holders. The result of this policy of secrecy was that a kind of mystique had grown up around Swiss banking. There was a widely-held belief that Switzerland was irresistible to wealthy foreigners, mainly because of its numbered accounts and bankers' reluctance to ask awkward questions of depositors. Contributing to the mystique was the view, carefully propagated by the banks themselves, that if this secrecy was ever given up, foreigners would fall over themselves in the rush to withdraw money, and the Swiss banking system would virtually collapse overnight. To many, therefore, it came like a bolt out of the blue, when, in 1977, the Swiss banks announced they had signed a pact with the Swiss National Bank (the Central Bank). The aim of the agreement was to prevent to improper use of the country's bank secrecy laws, and its effect was to curb severely the system of secrecy. The rules which the banks had agreed to observe made the opening of numbered accounts subject to much closer scrutiny than before. The banks would be required, if necessary, to identify the origin of foreign funds going into numbered and other accounts. The idea was to stop such accounts being used for dubious purposes. Also they agreed not to accept funds resulting from tax evasion or from crime. The pact represented essentially a tightening up of banking rules. Although the banks agreed to end relations with clients whose identities were unclear or who were performing improper acts, they were still not obliged to inform on a client to anyone, including the Swiss government. To some extent, therefore, the princ iple of secrecy had been maintained. 74. Swiss banks took pride in___. A. the number of their accounts B. withholding client information C. being mysterious to the outsiders D. attracting wealthy foreign clients 75. According to the passage, the widely-held belief that Switzerland w as irresistible to wealthy foreigners was ___ by banks themselves.A. deniedB. criticizedC. reviewedD. defended 76. In the last paragraph, the writer thinks that___. A. complete changes had been introduced into Swiss banks B. Swiss banks could no longer keep client information C. changes in the bank policies had been somewhat superficial D. more changes need to be considered and made。

2000年1月全国大学英语四级考试真题和答案

2000年1月全国大学英语四级考试真题和答案Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Example:You will hear:You will read:A) At the office.B) In the waiting room.C) At the airport.D) In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the mor ning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) The woman is a close friend of the man.B) The woman has been working too hard.C) The woman is seeing a doctor.D) The woman is tired of her work.2. A) This apple pie tastes very good.B) His mother likes the pie very much.C) This pie can’t match his mother’s.D) His mother can’t make apple pies.3. A) Take a walk.B) Give a performance.C) Listen to the music.D) Dance to the music.4. A) Read an article on political science.B) Present a different theory to the class.C) Read more than one article.D) Choose a better article to read.5. A) The woman would understand if she did Mary’s job.B) The woman should do the typing for Mary.C) The woman should work as hard as Mary.D) The woman isn’t a skillful typist.6. A) He wants to make an appointment with Mr. Smith.B) He wants to make sure that Mr. Smith will see him.C) He wants to change the time of the appointment.D) He wants the woman to meet him at three o’clock.7. A) He gets nervous very easily.B) He is an inexperienced speaker.C) He is an awful speaker.D) He hasn’t prepared hi s speech well.8. A) She didn’t like the books the man bought.B) There wasn’t a large selection at the bookstore.C) The man bought a lot of books.D) She wanted to see what the man bought.9. A) Buy a ticket for the tem o’clock flight.B) Ask the man to change the ticket for her.C) Go to the airport immediately.D) Switch to a different flight.10. A) Dr. Lemon is waiting for a patient.B) Dr. Lemon is busy at the moment.C) Dr. Lemon has lost his patience.D) Dr. Lemon has gone out to visit a patient.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage oneQuestions 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) A car outside the supermarket.B) A car at the bottom of the hill.C) Paul’s car.D) The sports car.12. A) Inside the car.B) At the foot of the hill.C) In the garage.D) In the supermarket.13. A) The driver of the sports car.B) The two girls inside the car.C) The man standing nearby.D) The salesman from London.14. A) Nobody.B) The two girls.C) The bus driver.D) Paul.Passage TwoQuestions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.15. A) His friend gave him the wrong key.B) He didn’t know where the back door was.C) He c ouldn’t find the key to his mailbox.D) It was too dark to put the key in the lock.16. A) It was getting dark.B) He was afraid of being blamed by his friend.C) The birds might have flown away.D) His friend would arrive any time.17. A) He looked silly with only one leg inside the window.B) He knew the policeman wouldn’t believe him.C) The torch light made him look very foolish.D) He realized that he had made a mistake.Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) The threat of poisonous desert animals and plants.B) The exhaustion of energy resources.C) The destruction of oil wells.D) The spread of the black powder from the fires.19. A) The underground oil resources have not been affected.B) Most of the desert animals and plants have managed to survive.C) The oil lakes soon dried up and stopped evaporating.D) The underground water resources have not been polluted.20. A) To restore the normal production of the oil wells.B) To estimate the losses caused by the fires.C) To remove the oil left in the desert.D) To use the oil left in the oil lakes.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Unless we spend money to spot and prevent asteroids (小行星) now, one might crash into Earth and destroy life as we know it, say some scientists. Asteroids are bigger versions of the meteoroids (流星) that race across the night sky. Most orbit the sun far from Earth and don’t threaten us. But there are also thousands of asteroids whose orbits put them on a collision course with Earth.Buy $50 million worth of new telescopes right now. Then spend $10 milliona year for the next 25 years to locate most of the space rocks. By the time we spot a fatal one, the scienti sts say, we’ll have a way to change its course.Some scientists favor pushing asteroids off course with nuclear weapons. But the cost wouldn’t be cheap.Is it worth it? Two things experts consider when judging any risk re: 1) How likely the event is; and 2) How bad the consequences if the event occurs. Experts think an asteroid big enough to destroy lots of life might strike Earth once every 500,000 years. Sounds pretty rare—but if one did fall, it would be the end of the world. “If we don’t take care of th ese big asteroids, they’ll take care of us,” says one scientist. “It’s that simple.”The cure, though, might be worse than the disease. Do we really want fleets of nuclear weapons sitting around on Earth? “The world has less to fear from doomsday (毁灭性的) rocks than from a great nuclear fleet set against them,” said a New York Times article.21. What does the passage say about asteroids and meteoroids?A) They are heavenly bodies different in composition.B) They are heavenly bodies similar in nature.C) There are more asteroids than meteoroids.D) Asteroids are more mysterious than meteoroids.22. What do scientists say about the collision of an asteroid with Earth?A) It is very unlikely but the danger exists.B) Such a collision might occur once every 25 years.C) Collisions of smaller asteroids with Earth occur more often than expected.D) It’s still too early to say whether such a collision might occur.23. What do people think of the suggestion of using nuclear weapons to alter the courses of asteroids?A) It sounds practical but it may not solve the problem.B) It may create more problems than it might solve.C) It is a waste of money because a collision of asteroids with Earth is very unlikely.D) Further research should be done before it is proved applicable.24. We can conclude from the passage that ________.A) while pushing asteroids off course nuclear weapons would destroy the worldB) asteroids racing across the night sky are likely to hit Earth in the near futureC) the worry about asteroids can be left to future generations since it is unlikely to happen in our lifetimeD) workable solutions still have to be found to prevent a collision of asteroids with Earth25. Which of the following best describes the author’s tone in thispassage?A) Optimistic.B) Critical.C) Objective.D) Arbitrary.Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Believe it or not, optical illusion (错觉) can cut highway crashes. Japan is a case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion. Bent stripes, called chevrons (人字形), painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down.Now the American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington D.C. is planning to repeat Japan’s success. Starting next year, the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes.Excessive speed plays a major role in as much as one fifth of all fatal traffic accidents, according to the foundation. To help reduce those accidents, the foundation will conduct its tests in areas wherespeed-related hazards are the greatest—curves, exit slopes, traffic circles, and bridges.Some studies suggest that straight, horizontal bars painted across roads can initially cut the average speed of drivers in half. However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars.Chevrons, scientists say, not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane appear to be narrower. The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway sped and the number of traffic accidents.26. The passage mainly discusses ________.A) a new way of highway speed controlB) a new pattern for painting highwaysC) a new approach to training driversD) a new type of optical illusion27. On roads painted with chevrons, drivers tend to feel that ________.A) they should avoid speed-related hazardsB) they are driving in the wrong laneC) they should slow down their speedD) they are approaching the speed limit28. The advantage of chevrons over straight, horizontal bars is that the former ________.A) can keep drivers awakeB) can cut road accidents in halfC) will have a longer effect on driversD) will look more attractive29. The American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety plans to ________.A) try out the Japanese method in certain areasB) change the road signs across the countryC) replace straight, horizontal bars with chevronsD) repeat the Japanese road patterns30. What does the author say about straight, horizontal bars painted across roads?A) They are falling out of use in the United States.B) They tend to be ignored by drivers in a short period of time.C) They are applicable only on broad roads.D) They cannot be applied successfully to traffic circles.Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Amtrak (美国铁路客运公司) was experiencing a downswing in ridership (客运量) along the lines comprising its rail system. Of major concern to Amtrak and its advertising agency DDB Needham, were the long-distance western routes where ridership had been declining significantly.] At one time, trains were the only practical way to cross the vast areas of the west. Trains were fast, very luxurious, and quite convenient compared to other forms of transportation existing at the time. However, times change and the automobile became Am erica’s standard of convenience. Also, air travel had easily established itself as the fastest method of traveling great distances. Therefore, the task for DDB Needham was to encourage consumers to consider other aspects of train travel in order to change their attitudes and increase the likelihood that trains would be considered for travel in the west.Two portions of the total market were targeted: 1) anxious fliers—those concerned with safety, relaxation, and cleanliness and 2)travel-lovers—those viewing themselves as relaxed, casual, and interested in the travel experience as part of their vacation. The agency then developed a campaign that focused on travel experiences such as freedom, escape, relaxation, and enjoyment of the great western outdoors. It stressed experiences gained by using the trains and portrayed western train trips as wonderful adventures.Advertisements showed pictures of the beautiful scenery that could be enjoyed along some of the more famous western routes and emphasized the romantic names of some of these trains (Empire Builder, etc.). These ads were strategically placed among family-oriented TV shows and programs involving nature and America in order to most effectively reach target audiences. Results were impressive. The Empire Builder, which was focused on in one ad, enjoyed a 15 percent increase in profits on its Chicago toSeattle route.31. What’s the author’s purpose in writing this passage?A) To show the inability of trains to compete with planes with respect to speed and convenience.B) To stress the influence of the automobile on America’s standard of convenience.C) To emphasize the function of travel agencies in market promotion.D) To illustrate the important role of persuasive communication in changing consumer attitudes.32. It can be inferred from the passage that the drop in Amtrak ridership was due to the fact that ________.A) trains were not suitable for short distance passenger transportationB) trains were not the fastest and most convenient form of transportationC) trains were not as fast and convenient as they used to beD) trains could not compete with planes in terms of luxury and convenience33. To encourage consumers to travel by train, DDB Needham emphasized ________.A) the freedom and convenience provided on trainsB) the practical aspects of train travelC) the adventurous aspects of train tripsD) the safety and cleanliness of train trips34. The train ads were placed among family-oriented TV programs involving nature and America because ________.A) they could focus on meaningful travel experiencesB) they could increase the effectiveness of the TV programsC) their profits could be increased by some 15 percentD) most travel-lovers and nervous fliers were believed to be among the audiences35. According to the passage, the Empire Builder enjoyed an increase in ridership and profits because ________.A) the attractiveness of its name and route was effectively advertisedB) it provided an exciting travel experienceC) its passengers could enjoy the great western outdoorsD) it was widely advertised in newspapers and magazines in Chicago and SeattlePassage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Why does cram go bad faster than butter? Some researchers think they have the answer, and it comes down to the structure of the food, not its chemical composition—a finding that could help rid some processed foods of chemical preservatives.Cream and butter contain pretty much the same substances, so why cream should sour much faster has been a mystery. Both are emulsions—tiny globules (小球体) of one liquid evenly distributed throughout another.The difference lies in what’s in the globules and what’s in the surrounding liquid, says Brocklehurst, who led the investigation.In cream, fatty globules drift about in a sea of water. In butter, globules of a watery solution are locked away in a sea of fat. The bacteria which make the food go bad prefer to live in the watery regions of the mixture. “This means that in cream, the bacteria are free to grow throughout the mixture,” he says.When the situation is reversed, the bacteria are locked away in compartments (隔仓室) buried deep in the sea of fat. Trapped in this way, individual colonies cannot spread and rapidly run out of nutrients (养料). They also slowly poison themselves with their waste products. “In butter, you get a self-limiting system which stops the bacte ria growing,” says Brocklehurst.The researchers are already working with food companies keen to see if their products can be made resistant to bacterial attack through alterations to the food’s structure. Brocklehurst believes it will be possible to make the emulsions used in salad cream, for instance, more like that in butter. The key will be to do this while keeping the salad cream liquid and not turning it into a solid lump.36. The significance of Brocklehurst’s research is that ________.A) it suggested a way to keep some foods fresh without preservativesB) it discovered tiny globules in both cream and butterC) it revealed the secret of how bacteria multiply in cream and butterD) it found that cream and butter share the same chemical composition37. According to the researchers, cream sours fast than butter because bacteria ________.A) are more evenly distributed in creamB) multiply more easily in cream than in butterC) live on less fat in cream than in butterD) produce less waste in cream than in butter38. According to Brocklehurst, we can keep cream fresh by ________.A) removing its fatB) killing the bacteriaC) reducing its water contentD) altering its structure39. The word “colonies” (Line 2, Para. 4) refers to ________.A) tiny globulesB) watery regionsC) bacteria communitiesD) little compartments40. Commercial application of the research finding will be possible if salad cream can be made resistant to bacterial attack ________.A) by varying its chemical compositionB) by turning it into a solid lumpC) while keeping its structure unchangedD) while retaining its liquid formPart III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.41. She ought to stop work; she has a headache because she ________ too long.A) has been readingB) had readC) is readingD) read42. Niagara Falls is a great tourist ________, drawing millions of visitors every year.A) attentionB) attractionC) appointmentD) arrangement43. I don’t mind ________ the decision as long as it is not too late.A) you to delay makingB) your delaying makingC) your delaying to makeD) you delay to make44. The hopes, goals, fears and desires ________ widely between men and women, between the rich and the poor.A) alterB) shiftC) transferD) vary45. Corn originated in the New World and thus was not known in Europe until Columbus found it ________ in Cuba.A) being cultivatedB) been cultivatedC) having cultivatedD) cultivating46. The sale usually takes place outside the house, with the audience ________ on benches, chairs or boxes.A) having seatedB) seatingC) seatedD) having been seated47. This kind of glasses manufactured by experienced craftsmen ________ comfortably.A) is wornB) wearsC) wearingD) are worn48. Some diseases are ________ by certain water animals.A) transplantedB) transformedC) transportedD) transmitted49. Wouldn’t you rather your child ________ to bed early?A) goB) wentC) would goD) goes50. Although Anne is happy with her success she wonders ________ will happen to her private life.A) thatB) whatC) itD) this51. The words of his old teacher left a ________ impression on his mind. He is still influenced by them.A) staying notB) not to stayC) that he would not stayD) that he not stay52. Mike’s uncle insists ________ in this hotel.A) whateverB) whomeverC) whicheverD) whoever53. We agreed to accept ________ they thought was the best tourist guide.A) whateverB) whomeverC) whicheverD) whoever54. It is our ________ policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means.A) consistentB) continuousC) considerateD) continual55. Between 1974 and 1997, the number of overseas visitors expanded ________27%.B) forC) toD) in56. Although many people view conflict as bad, conflict is sometimes useful ________ it forces people to test the relative merits of their attitudes and behaviors.A) by whichB) to whichC) in thatD) so that57. He is ________ about his chances of winning a gold medal in the Olympics next year.A) optimisticB) optionalC) outstandingD) obvious58. Sometimes I wish I ________ in a different time and a different place.A) be livingB) were livingC) would liveD) would have lived59. The director was critical ________ the way we were doing the work.A) atB) inC) ofD) with60. In a sudden ________ of anger, the man tore up everything within reach.A) attackB) burstC) splitD) blast61. ________ she realized it was too late to go home.A) No sooner it grew dark thanB) Hardly did it grow dark thatC) Scarcely had it grown dark thanD) It was not until dark that62. In Britain people ________ four million tons of potatoes every year.A) swallowB) disposeC) consumeD) exhaust63. I’d ________ his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community, and then make a decision about whether or not to approveA) take into accountB) account forC) make up forD) make out64. It is essential that these application forms ________ back as early as possible.A) must be sentB) will be sentC) are sentD) be sent65. She cooked the meat for a long time so as to make it ________ enough to eat.A) mildB) slightC) lightD) tender66. We take our skin for granted until it is burned ________ repair.A) beyondB) forC) withoutD) under67. The computer revolution may well change society as ________ as did the Industrial Revolution.A) certainlyB) insignificantlyC) fundamentallyD) comparatively68. ________ in this way, the situation doesn’t seem so disappointing.A) To look atB) Looking atC) Looked atD) To be looked at69. A lot of ants are always invading my kitchen. They are a thorough ________.A) nuisanceB) troubleC) worryD) anxiety70. Some women ________ a good salary in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family.A) must makeB) should have madeC) would makeD) could have madePart IV Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.In a telephone survey of more than 2,000 adults, 21% said they believed the sun revolved (旋转) around the earth. An __71__ 7% did not know which revolved around __72__ I have no doubt that __73__ all of these people were __74__ in school that the earth revolves around the sun; __75__ may even have written it __76__ a test. But they never __77__ their incorrect mental models of planetary (行星的) __78__ because their everyday observations didn’t support __79__ their teachers told them: People see the sun “moving” __80__ the sky as morning turns to night, and the earth seems stationary (静止的) __81__ that is happening.Students can learn the right answers __82__ heart in class, and yet never combined them __83__ their working models of the world. The objectively correct answer the professor accepts and the __84__ personal understanding of the world can __85__ side by side, each unaffected by the other.Outside of class, the student continues to sue the __86__ model because it has always worked well __87__ that circumstance. Unless professors address __88__ errors in students’ personal models of the world,students are not __89__ to replace them with the __90__ one.71. A) excessiveB) extraC) additionalD) added72. A) whatB) whichC) thatD) other73. A) virtuallyB) remarkablyC) ideallyD) preferably74. A) learnedB) suggestedC) taughtD) advised75. A) thoseB) theseC) who76. A) onB) withC) underD) for77. A) formedB) alteredC) believedD) thought78. A) operationB) positionC) motionD) location79. A) howB) whichC) thatD) what80. A) aroundB) acrossC) onD) above81. A) sinceB) soC) whileD) for82. A) toB) byC) inD) with83. A) withB) intoC) toD) along84. A) adult’sB) teacher’sC) scientist’sD) student’s85. A) existB) occurC) surviveD) maintain86. A) privateB) individualC) personal87. A) inB) withC) onD) for88. A) generalB) naturalC) similarD) specific89. A) obligedB) likelyC) probableD) partial90. A) perfectB) betterC) reasonableD) correctPart V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic How I Finance My College Education. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:1. 上大学的费用(tuition and fees)可以通过多种途径解决2. 哪种途径适合于我(说明理由)How I Finance My College Education答案Part I1. C2. A3. D4. C5. A6. B7. B8. C9. D 10. B11. C 12. D 13. A 14. A 15. A16. B 17. B 18. D 19. D 20. CPart II21. B 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C26. A 27. C 28. C 29. A 30. B31. D 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. A36. A 37. B 38. D 39. C 40. DPart III41. A 42. B 43. B 44. D 45. A46. C 47. B 48. D 49. B 50. B51. C 52. D 53. D 54. A 55. A56. C 57. A 58. B 59. C 60. B61. D 62. C 63. A 64. D 65. D66. A 67. C 68. C 69. A 70. DPart IV71. C 72. B 73. A 74. C 75. D76. A 77. B 78. C 79. D 80. B81. C 82. B 83. A 84. D 85. A86. C 87. A 88. D 89. B 90. D2000年1月四级听力原文1. M: Hi, Jane, do you have some changes? I have to make a call on the payphone.W: Payphone? Why not use my mobile phone? Here you are.Q: What will the man most probably do?2. M: Can you tell me the title of this oil painting?W: Sorry, I don’t know for sure, but I guess it is an early 18 century work. Let me look it up in the catalog.Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place?3. M: I am worried about those classes I missed when I was sick.W: I will try to bring you up today on what we’ve done.Q: What does the woman mean?4. W: Hey Dan. I hear you’re meeting Susan’s parents for the first time. M: Yeah, next weekend. Fortunately, her father loves to fish, so we will have so many things to talk about.Q: What can be inferred about Dan?5. W: Professor White’s presentation seemed to go on forever. I was barely able to stay awake.M: How could you sleep through it? It is one of the best that I have ever heard on this topic.Q: What does the man think of Professor White’s presentatio n?6. W: I am looking for quality paper to type my essay. I don’t see any on the shelf.M: I saw some in the stockroom this morning. I will go and check.Q: What does the woman want to buy?7. M: It seems that we’ll have another fine day tomorrow. Let’s go to the seaside.W: OK. But we’ll have to leave very early, or else we’ll get caught in the traffic.Q: What does the woman suggest?。

2000年全国英语专业四级试题（9）

C. Vocational names carry with them a certain gravity dignity.
D. Every place in England has given its name to a family.
A. family names became descriptive and occupational
B. people in some areas still had no surnames
C. some people kept changing their surnames
D. all family names became fixed in England
Hundreds of occupational surnames are at once familiar to us, or at least recognisable after a little thought: Archer, Carter, Fisher, Mason, Thatcher, Taylor, to name but a few. Hundreds of others are more obscure in their meanings an d testify to the amazing specialisation in medieval arts, crafts and functions. Such are "Day", (Old English for breadmaker) and "Walker" (a fuller whose job it was to clean and thicken newly made cloth).

2000年全国英语专业四级试题（12）

TEXT E
First read the following question.
81. The writer is concerned about___.
A. budget housekeeping B. the retail trade C. computer skills D. mental arithmetic
10 Garden Ave.
Essex
The Personnel Officer
Belgian Medico Ltd.
P0 Box 920
Brussels
Belgium
5th MaБайду номын сангаас 200___
Dear Sir,
SECTION B SKIMMING AND SCANNING
In this section there are seven passages with a total often multiple-choice questions. Skim or scan them as required and then mark your answers on your answer sheet.
TEXT F
First read the following question.
82. This is a letter of___.
A. reference B. application C. inquiry D. complaint
Now read Text F quickly and mark your answer on your answer sheet.
Now read Text E quickly and mark your answer on your answer sheet.