2019精选教育高三英语一轮复习倒装与主谓一致学案.doc

合集下载
  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

倒装与主谓一致

倒装句

熟读深思:

1. Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of China Daily.周阳永远不会忘记他在《中国日报》报社第一天上班的工作任务。

2.Only in this way can we have enough energy to study.只有这样, 我们才能有足够的精力来学习

3.Only when you have seen what he or she does can you cover a story by yourself.只有等你见了他们的工作以后,你才能独自去进行新闻采访。

4. Not only am I interested in photography, but I took a course at university...对摄影我不仅只是感兴趣, 在大学里我还专修过摄影呢。

5. Hardly had I sat down when he stepped in. 我刚坐下, 他就进来了。

6. No sooner had I reached home than it began to rain. 我一到家天就下起雨来。

7. He can swim and so can I. 他会游泳; 我也会。

8. So little did they agree on the plan that they couldn’t settle their differences. 他们对计划有很不同的意见以致无法消除分歧。

9. Were he(=If he were) rich enough, he would buy a new car. 要是他有钱的话, 他会买一辆新的小汽车。

10. There goes the bell.铃响了。

11. In came the teacher and the class began.老师走了进来, 然后开始上课

12. Under that tree sits a beautiful girl who is dressed in white. 那棵树下坐着一位身着白衣的美丽姑娘。

13.“Where were you born?”asked the man.“你出生于什么地方呢?”那个人问

14. Hanging on the wall was a painting drawn by a famous artist.墙上挂着一幅著名艺术家画的画。

15. Young as I am,I already know what career I want to follow.我虽然还小, 可是对要从事的职业已胸有成竹了。

归纳总结:

(一)前面5个句子,像一般疑问句一样,情态动词、助动词或be放到了主语的前面,这种现象叫部分倒装。在下列情况下,句子采用部分倒装:

1. 当never,seldom,hardly,little,few,nowhere,not until等否定词或半否定词开头时,用部分倒装。(如1)

2. 当“only +状语(副词、介词短语、从句)”放在句首时,用部份倒装。(如2.3)

3. 当not only...but also, hardly/ scarcely... When, no sooner...than等连接两个句子, not only,hardly/scarcely,no sooner位语句首时, 前一分句的谓语用部分倒装。(如4,5,6)

4. 当用so,neither,nor,no more用在句子的开头,表示前者的情况也适合于后者时, 用部分倒装。(如7)

5. 当so +adj./adv. that...句型中的so + adj./ adv.放在句首时, 主句谓语用部分倒装。(如8)

6. 当虚拟条件句中有were, had, should时, 可将其放到句首,省略if, 构成部分倒装。(如9)

(二)在以下情况下,要将谓语(一般现在时或一般过去时的不及物动词come,go,follow,run,be等)移到主语前,构成完全倒装:

1.当副词here,there,in,out,up,down,away,now,then等副词放在句首,主语是名词时。(如句10,11)

2. 有时为使句子平衡,将作地点状语或表语的介词短语放在句首,或将分词短语置于句首,主语是名词时,谓语用完全倒装。(如句12,14)

3. 直接引语放在句首,说话人又是名词时,用完全倒装。(如句13)

此外, 当as(尽管)引导让步状语从句,该从句的表语、状语或动词原形等习惯上要放到从句最前面。(如15)

主谓一致

主谓一致的三个原则

1.语法一致

就是主语为单数形式, 谓语即用单数形式; 主语为复数形式, 谓语也用复数形式。如:

The book is very interesting. 这本书很有趣。

The books are very interesting. 这些书很有趣。

2. 意义一致

(1) 形式上虽为单数,但意义为复数名词,如the police, people, cattle等作主语时,谓语动词用复数。如:

Cattle eat grass. 牛吃草。

The police were called in. 警察被召来了。

注:people 作“民族”解时,其单数形式为people,复数形式为peoples,作主语时,应用语法一致原则。如:

The Chinese people is a great people. 中华民族是一个伟大的民族。

56 peoples make up the big family of China. 56个民族构成中国这个大家庭。(2) 主语是指一类人的“the+形容词(或过去分词)”时,谓语动词通常用复数,这类词有:the brave (勇士), the poor(穷人), the rich(富人), the blind(盲人), the young(年轻人), the old(老年人), the sick(病人), the dead(死者), the deaf and dumb(聋哑人), the oppressed(受压迫者), the injured (受伤的人), the wounded(伤员), the unemployed(失业者)等。

The injured were taken to hospital. 受伤的人都送进了医院。

另外,像the Chinese, the British, the Irish等表示一个国家或民族的人的总称,作主语时,谓语动词也用复数。如:

The English do not drink much wine. 英国人不喝很多酒。

(3)形式上为复数,而意义上却是单数的名词,如news, mathematics, physics,politics, economics及以s结尾的书名、国名等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。如:Mathematics is the language of science. 数学是科学语言。

His “Selected Poems”was first published in 1965. 他的诗歌选集最早是1965年出版的

3. 就近原则

即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。

(1) 连词or, not...but..., either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but also...等连接的并列主语,谓语动词的数与靠近它的主语一致。如:

相关文档
最新文档