Step by Step unit 2
step by step 第三册Unit 1-10 World News Up in Space词汇
Unit 1 World News: Up in Space（刘亚兰）Part I Warming UpVocalbulary:1. dock [d?k] n. 码头,船坞v. 靠码头,入坞2. triumph [‘trai?mf] n. 凯旋,欢欣v. 得胜,成功3. order back 命令返回4. launch [l?:nt?, lɑ:nt?] n.&v. 下水,发射,开始5. fledging n. 羽毛初长的雏鸟,刚会飞的幼鸟,无经验的人6. outpost [‘autp?ust] n. 前哨,前哨基地,警戒部队7. checkout ['t?ekaut] n. 检查(调整,验算,检查输出结果,工时扣除)8. revive [ri'vaiv] v. 使...生醒,复生,恢复精神9. probe [pr?ub] n. 探针,调查,探测针v. 用探针测,详细调查10. volcanic [v?l‘k?nik] a. 火山的11. daunting [d?:nti?] a. 令人畏惧的12. abbreviated [?bri:vi‘eit] a. 简短的, 仅可蔽体的,小型的13. space shuttle n. 航天飞机14. panel[‘p?nl] n. 面板,嵌板,仪表盘,座谈小组15. spacecraft n.宇宙飞船；航天器16. fiery [‘fai?ri] a. 炽热的,热烈的,暴躁的17. solar system 太阳系18. pull off v. 努力实现, 赢得19. power generator 电力发电机20. fuel cell 燃料电池21. module n. [‘m?dju:l][计算机] 模块, 组件，部件【航空学】航天舱，(航天器的)舱；子机；子船Part II News ReportAVocabulary:1. robotic rover 机器漫游车2. robotic arm 机械臂3. installment [in'st?:lm?nt] n. 分期付款(安装,一期)4. retrorocket [‘retr??r?kit]n.制动火箭5. descent [di‘sent] n. 降落6. condensate n. 浓缩物，聚合物7. finale [fi‘nɑ:li] [意大利语] n.结局,终了,最后的一个乐章8. tentatively ['tent?tivli] adv. 试验的CVocabulary:1. organic molecule[‘m?likju:l, ’m?u-] n. 有机分子2. carbon n. 碳3. nitrogen n. 氮4. pockmark [‘p?kmɑ:k] n. 痘疮pockmarkd adj. 布满痘痕的5. asteroid n. 小游星,小行星,海盘车 a. 星状的6. Stake [steik] n. 木柱,赌注,奖金v. 打赌,下赌注7. pre-biology n. the beginning of life Part III China' s space' and aeronautics industryA.Vocabulary1. module n. 【航空学】航天舱，(航天器的)舱；子机；子船2. unmanned adj. 无人的；无人驾驶的3. brief v. 对...作简报,摘要4. map put 详细制定，筹划5. payload n. (导弹、火箭的)有效载荷，有效负荷，有效载重BVocabulary:1. untimately adv. in the end; after everything or everyone else has been taken into account 最终；最后2. Shenzhou II “神舟二号”2001年1月16日19时22分，我国第二艘无人飞船“神舟二号”在内蒙古中部地区成功着陆。
Step by Step3000第二册第2课答案和听力稿
Book 2Unit 2 Shaping and Reshaping PersonalityPart 1 Warming upⅠ. Vocabulary and background knowledge for this part:1. constellation: [kɒnstə'leiʃən] a configuration of stars as seen from the earth星座2. Taurus: ['tɔ:rəs] 金牛座3. Virgo: ['vɜ:ɡəʊ] 处女座4. Capricorn: ['kæprikɔ:n] 摩羯座5. Pisces: ['paisi:z] 双鱼座6. Aquarius: [ə'kweəriəs] 水瓶座7. Leo: ['li:əʊ] 狮子座8. Cancer: 巨蟹座9. Aries: ['eri:z] 白羊座10. Gemini: ['dʒeminai] 双子座11. Sagittarius: [sædʒi'teriəs] 射手座12. centaur: ['sentɔ:(r)]人马座13. Scorpio: ['skɔ:piəʊ] 天蝎座14. Libra: ['li:brə] 天秤座15. raise the roof : to complain loudly and bitterly; get very angry喧闹(吵翻天，大声抱怨)eg. Father will raise the roof when he hears what you have done.父亲要是知道你所做的事一定会大发雷霆。
16. identification: sth which is proof or a sign of identity身份证明; the feeling that one shares the ideas, feelings, problems, etc. of another person认同17. survey: ['sə:vei] a detailed critical inspection；short descriptive summary (of events) 调查(收入,民意等)Ⅱ. Key to this part:Section A: 1-h 2-d 3-j 4-k 5-b 6-i 7-g 8-e 9-l 10-f 11-c 12-aSection B: aggressive-very\selfish-not very \kind-extremely \patient-sort of \ jealous-veryAggressive Selfish Kind Patient Jealous Extremely √Very √√Sort of √Not very √Not at allSection C; George-ambitious, proud Karen-helpful, honest Pam-selfish, unreliableAggressive Selfish Kind Ambitious √Helpful √Honest √Proud √Selfish √Unreliable √III. Tapescript for this part:Section A:1. TAURUS: April 21 —May 21, represented by a bull2. VIRGO: August 23 —September 23, represented by a young woman3. CAPRICORN: December 22 —January 20, represented by a goat4. PISCES: February 20 —March 20, represented by two fish5. AQUARIUS: January 21 —February 19, represented by the water-bearer6. LEO: July 23 —August 22, represented by a lion7. CANCER: June 22 —July 22, represented by a crab8. ARIES: March 21 —April 20, represented by a ram9. GEMINI: May 22 —June 21, represented by twins10. SAGITTARIUS: November 23 —December 21, represented by a centaur (= half human and half horse) shooting an arrow11. SCORPIO: October 24 —November 22, represented by a scorpion12. LIBRA: September 24 —October 23, represented by a pair of measuring scales.Section B:W: Hey, Kevin. Help me fill out this personality survey. It’ll be fun.M: Oh, I don’t know…W: Oh, come on… OK, here’s the first one – what should I put for “aggressive”?M: Uh-oh … I … I’d say “very.”W：Very? Really?M：Yeah, sure. Look at the way you drive!W：Well, OK, so I’m a very aggressive driver … but … you have to drive like that in this city, or you’re gonna be hit, because …M：Uh … what’s the next one?W：“Selfish.”M: Oh, not at all.W：Really? Well, … maybe just a little … I mean, a lot of people are, right? Just a little bit? You know, I mean, I try to think of other people, but sometimes I do just think of myself, I guess.M: OK, OK, so put “not very.”W：OK.M: But you can put “extremely” for the next one.W：What? Oh, “Kind”?M: Yes. Don’t you think you’re a extremely kind person?W: I am? OK, if you say so. Oh, look at this next one.M: Oh, “patient”!W: Yeah.M: Hmm … I don’t know. Sometimes you can be really patient, but other times you’re not patient at all. Like remember that time in line at the supermarket when you got …W: OK, OK. I get your point. I’ll put “sort of.”M: OK, that’s right.W: Next one … “jealous.” I guess I’m sort of jealous…M: Sort of? I’d put “very”. Remember how angry you got when my ex-girlfriend called the other day? I thought you’re gonna raise the roof …W: All right, all right. “Very.”M: Oh, OK, what’s the next one?W: That’s all.M: That’s all?W: Yeah, but now it’s your turn.Section C:1. GeorgeW: So what are you going to do after you graduate, George?G: I’m going to start my own business.W: Oh, really? What type of business?G: Well, I haven’t decided yet, but I know I’ll be successful in anything I do. In fact, I’m going to be one of the top business people in town in less than five years. Just wait and see! I have everything it takes — I’m smart, I can organize people. And I’m full of ideas that can make money.2. KarenK: Hey! Look at this wallet on the sidewalk. Wow! There’s lots of money in it… but no identification. Mmm … I wonder how I can find the owner? I guess I’ll take it to the police station and see if anyone’s reported a lost wallet.3. PamM: What are you doing tonight, Pam?P: Well, I was supposed to meet Bill after work for a movie, but I don’t feel like going. I think I’ll go shopping instead.M: Won’t Bill get mad?P: Oh, I’m sure he can find something else to do.M: Oh?P: Besides, I really need some new clothes. I haven’t bought any for nearly a month!M: Huh!Part II Self-esteemⅠ. Vocabulary for this part:1. self-esteem: [.selfis'ti:m] the quality of being worthy of esteem or respect自尊, 自尊心2. harsh: disagreeable to the senses; unpleasantly stern刺耳的，严厉的3. democratic: representing or appealing to or adapted for the benefit of the people at large民主的Ⅱ. Key to this part:Subject: young boysProcedure:1. testing (what?): measure the boys’ abilities and how they felt about their own abilities2. dividing (how?): 3 groups – those with high self-esteem / middle self-esteem / low self-esteem3. following-up study (where and when?): in all situations – at home / at work / in school / with friendsObservations: the behavior of the boys1. boys with high self-esteem: active / able to express ideas / successful in school and in relations with other people / creative / led in discussions / interested in world problems / seldom tired or sick2. boys with middle self-esteem: like the boys with high self-esteem / express ideas freely / saw the world as a good and happy place / not sure of their own value3. boys with low self-esteem: sad most time / afraid to start activities / felt no love / couldn’t express ideas / afraid of anger / no talk in discussionFindings:close between the boys and the parentsgood behavior demandeddefinite rules made by the parents: strict but not harsh & led in a kind and thoughtful way behavior corrected by rewardsdemocratic family life: children’s ideas respected by the parentsknowing their importance to the parents whose love for the children was never taken away allowed to do almost anythingno definite rulesmistakes corrected by harsh punishmentbelieving that their parents didn’t love themⅢ. Tapescript for this part:Scientists have learned a great deal about the parts of brain and their functions. They have also studied the development of the personality, for example, how a baby learns to love. In recent studies of two universities in the United States, scientists have investigated the development of self-esteem.Self-esteem is the respect a person has for himself, his belief in his ability and in the value of what he does. The scientists studied self-esteem in young boys. They gave them many tests. These tests measured the boys’ abilities and also how they felt about their own abilities. After the tests, the boys were divided into three groups – those with high self-esteem, those with middle self-esteem and those with low self-esteem. The scientists continued to study the boys in all situations. They studied them at home, at work, in school, and with their friends.From their studies, the scientist made some observations. Boys with high self-esteem wereactive. They were able to express their ideas. They were successful in school and in their relations with other people. In discussions, they led. They didn’t just listen. They were interested in world problems. They were creative and believed that they could finish whatever they started. They seldom became tired and sick. In many ways, the boys with middle self-esteem were like the boys with high self-esteem. They too expressed their ideas freely and saw the world as a good and happy place. However, they were not sure of their own value as people. They did their best work when they were sure that other people liked them. They boys with low self-esteem were different from the other two groups. They were sad most of the time. They were afraid to start activities. They felt that no one loved them. They could not express their ideas. They were afraid of anger. In a discussion, they listened, but they didn’t talk.The scientists asked, “How do some boys develop high self-esteem?” “What is different in their lives?” Some of the answers were surprising. High self-esteem did not depend upon physical appearance, or money, or size of family. It did not depend upon how much the mother was at home. The scientists found that there was a closeness between the boys with high self-esteem and their parents. Their parents showed real interests in them, and spent time with them. They listened to their sons and gave them help when the boys asked for it. They knew their sons’ friends. The sons knew that they were important to their parents. These parents demanded good behavior. They made definite rules. They were strict, but not harsh. They corrected their sons’ behavior by rewards, not by punishment. They never took away their love. On the other hand, the parents of boys with low self-esteem let their sons do almost anything. If a boy made a mistake, the parents punished him harshly. The boys believed that their parents didn’t love them. There were no definite rules. The family life of the boys with high self-esteem was democratic. The parents made rules, but they led in a kind and thoughtful way. They showed respect for their children’s ideas, even when they did not agree with them. They let the boys give their opinions in discussions of family plans. These boys were productive citizens. Now these scientists are studying other groups of children. They want to learn how to help children with low self-esteem feel better about themselves. In this way, these children can become productive citizens too.Part III How to deal with depression and anger?Ⅰ. Vocabulary for this part:1. depression: the condition of feeling sad or despondent忧愁，沮丧2. drugs: a chemical substance, such as a narcotic or hallucinogen, that affects the central nervous system, causing changes in behavior and often addiction毒品3. psycho-therapy: the treatment of mental and emotional disorders through the use of psychological techniques designed to encourage communication of conflicts and insight into problems, with the goal being personality growth and behavior modification. 精神疗法：通过用于鼓励冲突间的交流和对问题的了解的心理技巧来医治精神和情感失调，其目的是帮助患者的人格成长和对其行为的修正4. moderate: being within reasonable limits; not excessive or extreme有节制的，适度的5. tether: the extent or limit of one's resources, abilities, or endurance能力或忍耐力的程度或限度6. suppress: to curtail or prohibit the activities of抑制7. manifest: to show or demonstrate plainly; reveal清楚地显示;表明8. surly: sullenly ill-humored; gruff傲慢的；粗暴的9. cleanse: 清洗（伤口）；使清洁10. vent my anger on somebody: find an outlet for an emotion发泄11. ebb away: 消逝, 渐渐衰退12. dump: 倾倒(垃圾), 倾卸13. uptight: nervously tense14. punch: to hit with a sharp blow of the fist用拳头猛击Ⅱ. Keys to this part:Keys to Section A:sad temporary long mental anyone ten developing 80% drugs effective carefully without activity minor walking 30 four improve physical traditional hour talking doctors Discussion ways problems education understandKeys to Section B:B1 speaker1 manifest angerspeaker2 joyous/warm/loving vent anger on somebody dump angerB2 punch bags with picture of their boss laughing at itⅢ. Tapescript for this part:B1:Speaker 1I actually … I, I very rarely get angry, erm, I, I’ve quite a long tether when it comes to anger, erm, which doesn’t mean, I really don’t believe I’m suppressing any anger at all, er, but, it manifests itself in a very sarcastic way with me. Like if for example, I’m I’m, if I’m buying a … railway ticket or something and the … the guy behind counter is very surly and er, you know refuses to treat me, er like a human being, I won’t be, get angry with him but I’ll get very sarcastic with him and try to make very very clever remarks. (oh … yes, one of those, yes …) (laughter) And er that for me, that for me serves its purpose. I do feel er very … I feel very cleansed after a situation like that. Oh, I, of course I do sometimes, if it’s absolutely necessary I do get very angry, if I’m taken that far. But I certainly don’t suppress any anger.Speaker 2Well my anger is tied up with my sleepless nights. (laughter) I mean, if I do not sleep well, I wake up the morning, I am angry. I use any excuse to vent my anger on somebody. If I sleep well, then everything’s fine. I’m a joyous, warm, loving person. Sleepless nights, I’m full of anger and my anger does not ebb away unless I use a thing or somebody to vent it upon. As weak as that may sound, that’s how I work. And it’s terrible sort of admission to make to everybody here. If I’m looking for excuses for having woken up in a particularly bad way, so, in a way, anger is something that I have to get out. I do not carry it around by weeping, and like crying. I believe in dumping it.B2:A: Apparently, I don’t know if this is true, but in Japan, if factory workers get a bit uptight or angry, they can go out into the gym or something which is usually attached to the factory and there are punch bags there with pictures of their boss. And they can go and they can spend twenty minutes punching hell out of this punch bag. And they go back to work and they feel great.B: Oh God yes, well, that brings us on to laughing then. That made me laugh.A: Well, that’s one way of dealing with anger as well, I suppose, if you can actually remove yourself from the situation and just laugh at it. I think laughter is, again, one of the mostwonderful releases, and I mean I think that it’s actually been proved that you know the chemical that is released when you laugh is, life-enhancing and life elongating too, you know. It promotes a healthy, a healthier being.B: And it heals wounds.Part IV Short talks on listening skills: Represent the Ideas Clear and Clean --- Outlining Ⅰ. Key to this part:classifying and organizing ideas ability the facts or ideas are related to one another Roman Arabic letters standard form decreasing importance capital letters small letters to the left to the right equal the same distance easy to see the ideas before and after it No punctuation Outlining practice。
新目标英语八年级下 Unit 2 STEP BY STEP随堂通英文
Ⅰ.词汇。
根据首字母提示,完成下列单词。
1.You shouldn ’t play your CDs too l______.2.He doesn ’t like the book.I don ’t like it,e______.3.He w ants to get a p______job during the summer vacation.4.He always thinks he is right,so it ’s easy f or him to a______w ith other s.5.W hen I am in tr ouble,my parents always give me some good a______.6.Let ’s have a s______party f or Lily on her birth-day.S he w ill be very happy.Ⅱ.选择填空。
()1.My parents want me ________at home everynight.A.stay B.staying C.to stay D.staye d ()2.Co uld you give me ________advice?A.some B.any C.many D.a lot ()3.I argued ________my best f riend.A.w ith B.about C.at D.f or()4.Please showme the ticket ________the concer t.A.of B.f or C.to D.on ()5.I need to get some money to ________the summer camp.A.pay onB.pay inC.pay w ithD.pay for ()6.The sign on the grass says:Don ’t walk on it.________!A.Be quick B.Keep out C.Be caref ul D.Look out()7.I think you should borrow some money________your f riends.A.f rom B.to C.for D.in()8.The coat is too small for her.S he ________anew one.A.need to buyB.needs buyC.needn ’t buyD.needs to buy Ⅲ.从II 栏中找出I 栏相对应的答语。
step-by-step-第一册-单元真正完整版(标准答案及原文)
step-by-step-第一册-单元真正完整版(答案及原文)————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：Unit 1 Education is a keyPart IA1. Oxford / commitment / academic record2. oldest/ largest / reputation / research / science3. first / Australia / 150 years / excels4. excellence / 17.000 / location5. largest / 1883 / situated / 26,0006. 1636 / enrollment / 18,500/ schools7. awards / degrees / 20,000 8. located / 135 / thirdB1. 2,700 languages / 7,000 dialects / regional / pronunciation2. official / language3. One billion / 20 percent4. Four hundred million / first / 600 million / second / foreign5. 500,000 words / Eighty percent / other6. Eighty percent / computers7. African country / same8. 1,000 / Africa9. spaceship / 1977 / 55 / message / the United StatesC 1 – (a) 2 – ( c) 3 – ( d) 4 – (b )All right, class. Today we’re going to be looking at different language learning styles. You may be surprised to find that there are different ways of going about learning languages, none of which is necessarily better than the others. Researchers have identified four basic learner “types” –the communicative learner, the analytical learner, the authority-oriented learner and the concrete learner. Communicative learners like to learn by watching and listening to native speakers. At home, they like to learn by watching TV and videos. They like to learn new words by hearing them. In class, they like to learn by having conversations. Now, concrete learners like to lean by playing games, by looking at pictures and videos in class, talking in pairs, and by listening to cassettes at home and school. Now, authority-oriented learners, on the other hand, like the teacher to explain everything. They like to write everything down in their notebook, and they like to have a textbook. They like to learn new words by seeing them. And finally, we have analytical learners. These learners like to learn by studying grammar. At home, they like to learn by studying English books, and they like to study by themselves. They like to find their own mistakes. Now, of course, it’s unusual for a person to be exclusively one “type” rather than another. Most of us are mixtures of styles. What type of learner do you think you are?Part IIA2Primary school entering age secondary school entering age permissible age toleave school Britain 5 11 16The U.S 6 junior high: 11 16Senior high: 14Australia 5 intermediate school: 11 16High school: 12/13Canada 6 about 13 16A31.GCSE examinations2.students / higher education3.student/ second year / high school / college4.general exam / School Certificate5.sitting University Entrance Examination6.bachelor’s degree: 3/ 4 yearsmaster’s degree: another year or twodoctorate: a further 3-7 yearsWell, in Britain, from the ages of five to about eleven you start off at a primary school, and then from eleven to sixteen you go on to a secondary school or a comprehensive school and at sixteen you take GCSE examinations. After this, some children take vocational courses or even start work. Others stay on at school for another two years to take A levels. And at the age of eighteen, after A levels, they might finish their education or go on to a course of higher education at a college or university, and that’s usually for three years.Well, it depends on what state you’re in but most kids in the United States start school at about six when they go to elementary school and that goes from the first grade up to the sixth grade. Some kids go to a kindergarten the year before that. Then they go on to junior high school, that’s about eleven, and that’s the seventh, eighth and ninth grades. And then they go on to senior high schoo l around age fourteen starting in the tenth grade and finishing in the twelfth grade usually. Some students will leave school at sixteen and they’ll start work, but most of them stay on to graduate from high school at age eighteen. In the first year at high school or college students are called “freshmen”, in the second they’re called “sophomores”, in the third year we call them “juniors” and in the fourth year they’re called “seniors”. Now a lot of high school graduates then go to college or university and they do a four-year first degree course. Some of them might go to junior college which is a two-year course.Well, in Australia, well most states anyway, children start their primary education at five after perhaps a brief time in kindergarten. They wil l stay at primary school until they’re about eleven, then they’ll either stay there or go to an intermediate school for a couple of years. Then they start high school usually twelve or thirteen, which you start in the third form. Now, after three years at high school you sit a general exam, some states call it School Certificate and that is a sort of general qualification and that if a sort of general qualification. After that you can leave school at sixteen or you can go on and sit your University Entrance Examination, which then gives you entrée into a university or it’s another useful qualification, and from then on you go to various sorts of higher education.Education in Canada is a provincial responsibility, but schools are administered by local schoolboards.Kindergarten is for children who are four or five years old. Children begin formal full-day schooling in Grade 1, when they are about six years old. They must stay in school at least until they are sixteen. However, most students continue to finish high school. Some go to college or university. Each year of schooling represents one grade. (The school year extends from the beginning of September to the end of June.) Elementary school includes kindergarten to about Grade 8. Secondary school (or high school) may start in Grade 8, 9, or 10 and it usually continues until Grade 12.In Canada, students may go to university or to a community college. If they want to learn skills for specific job, they attend college for one or four years to get a diploma or certificate. For example, lab technicians, child-care workers, and hotel managers go to college. Universities offer degree programs as well as training professions, such as law, medicine, and teaching.Universities offer three main levels of degrees. Students earn a bachelor’s degree after three or four years of study. A master’s degree can take another year or two. A doctorate may take a further three to seven years to complete.B1 Idioms / vocabulary / French / spelling / pronunciationB2 1. F 2. T 3. FI – Interviewer P – ProfessorI: And now we have an interview with Professor J. T. Lingo, Professor of Linguistics at Chimo University, who is here to talk to us about the growing business of teaching English. Good morning, professor Lingo.P: Good morning.I: I understand that teaching English is becoming “big business” all around the world.P: It seems that language schools are springing up everywhere.I: Why is that?P: With the move toward a global economy, English has become the most widely used language in the world. It is the language of business, aviation, science and international affairs and people find that they must learn English to compete in those fields.I: And do people find English an easy language to learn?P: Well, every language has something about it that other people find difficult to learn. English is such a hodgepodge of different languages –it’s essentially Germanic but a lot of its vocabulary comes from French, and technical words stem from Latin and Greek. This feature makes English fairly adaptable – which is a good thing for a world language – but it causes irregularity in spelling and pronunciation.I: English spelling baffles me, too.P: English also has the largest vocabulary. Often there are words for the same thing, one is Anglo-Saxon and one from the French –like “buy” which is Anglo-Saxon and “purchase” whichis from the French. The French word often has more prestige.I: Anglo-Saxon?P: That’s the word for Old English. The Norman Conquest in 1066 brought the French language to Britain and helped English evolve into the English it is today.I: Is there anything else particularly difficult about English?P: Well, the idioms in informal English pose a problem for some students.I: Informal English?P: As with any language, there are different varieties: slang, colloquial. Formal, written, as well as the different dialects – British, American and Canadian English.I: And how is Canadian English different from American and British?P: Canadian English is closer to American in pronunciation and idiom. Some of our words and our spellings do reflect British usage, however. We wouldn’t use the British term “lorry” for truck, but we have kept the “o-u-r” spellings in words such as “honour”and “colour”.I: This has been very interesting. I’m afraid we’re out of time. It has been a pleasure talking to you.Part III University LifeA1I.A.AgeD. Foreign student populationII.2..15 hrs (+2 or 3 for lab)3. a. +100 b. Discussion group: 15-20 c. much smaller4. informal, friendly6. 2-3 hrs: 1 hrToday I’d like to give you some idea about how life at an American university or college might be different from the way it is in your country. To be sure, the student body on a U. S. campus is a pretty diverse group of people. First of all, you will find students of all ages. Although most students start college at around the age of 18, you will see students in their 30s and 40s and even occasionally in their 60s and 70s. Students on a U.S. campus come from a wide variety of socioeconomic backgrounds. Many students work at least part-time, some of them work full-time. Many students live in dormitories on campus, some have their own apartments usually with other students, and others live at home. Some colleges and universities have a very diverse student population with many racial and ethnic minorities. Some schools have a fairly large foreign student population. So you can see that one meets all kinds of people on a U.S. college or university campus. Now that you have some general idea of differences in the student population, I’d like to talk a few minutes about what I think an average student is and then discuss with you what a typical class might be like.Let’s begin my talking about an average stud ent entering his or her freshman year. Of course, such a person never really exists, but still it’s convenient to talk about an “average” student for our purposes. Foreign students are often surprised at how poorly prepared American students are when they enter a university. Actually, at very select schools the students are usually very well prepared,but at less selective schools, they may not be as well prepared as students in your country are. Schools in the States simply admit a lot more students than is usual in most other countries. Also, most young American university students have not traveled in other countries and are not very well-versed in international matters and do not know a lot about people from other countries. Foreign students usually find them friendly but not very well-informed about their countries or cultures.What kind of academic experiences will this so-called “average” student have? The average undergraduate student takes five classes a semester and is in class for 15 hours a week. If her or she takes a class that has a laboratory, this will require tow or three more hours. Many introductory undergraduate classes are given in large lectures of 100 or more students. However, many of these classes will have small discussion groups of 15 to 20 students that meet once a week. In these smaller groups, a teaching assistant will lead a discussion to help classify points in the lectures. Other kinds of classes – for example, language classes – will be much smaller so that students can practice language. In general, American professors are informal and friendly with their students, and, as much as possible, they expect and invite participation in the form of discussion. A large amount of reading and other work is often assigned to be done outside class, and students are expected to take full responsibility for completing these assignments and asking questions in class about those areas they don’t understand. As a rule of thumb, students spend two to three hours preparing for each hour they spend in class. American professors often encourage their students to visit them during office hours, especially if the students are having problems in the class.A2II. B. 2.Examinations 4.quizzesII.Graduate schoolC. SeminarsD. some area of interestE. a research paperLet’s move on now to discuss student obligations in a typical American class. These obligations are usually set down in the course syllabus. A syllabus is generally handed out to students on the first or second class meeting. A good syllabus will give students a course outline that mentions all the topics to be covered in class. It will also contain all the assignments and the dates they should be completed by. An average university course of one semester might have three examinations or two examinations and a paper. The dates of the examinations and what the examinations will cover should be on the syllabus. If a paper id required, the date it is due should also be in the syllabus. The professor may also decide that he or she will be giving quizzes during the semester, either announced or unannounced. For students coming from a system where there is one examination in each subject at the end of the year, all this testing can be a little surprising at first. By the by, maybe this would be a good place for me to mention the issue of attendance. Another real difference in our system is out attendance policies. Perhaps you come from a system where attendance is optional. Generally speaking, American professors expect regular attendance andmay even grade you down if you are absent a lot. All this information should be on your syllabus, along with the professor’s office number and office hours.I have only a couple of hours left, and I’d like to use them to talk about how graduate school is somewhat different from undergraduate school. Of course, it’s much more difficult to enter graduate school, and most students are highly qualified and high motivated. Students in graduate school are expected to do much more independent work than those in undergraduate schools, with regularly scheduled exams, etc. some classes will be conducted as seminars. In a seminar class, there may be no exams, but students are expected to read rather widely on topics and be prepared for thorough discussion of them in class. Another possibility in graduate classes is that in addition to readings done by all students, each student may also be expected to work independently in some area of interest and later make a presentation that summarizes what her or she has learned. Usually each student then goes on to write a paper on what he or she has researched to turn in to the professor for a grade.I hope that today’s lecture has given you some idea about student life on an American campus and that you have noticed some difference between our system and yours.B2to make mistakes / every new thing / the language/ Working outside the classroomPassive / the teach / stick his neck out / more likely to be right than himself----well what I wanted to ask really was… you’re a teacher, been teaching for many years now, erm, what would you say, how would you describe a good student or a bad student, sort of things they do or don’t do in the classroom?---Erm, well, a good student is usually one who’s not afraid to make mistakes, I’d say.---Uh,huh.----And he’s, er, eager to experiment with every new thing that he learns, whether it be a structure of a function or a new word, erm,he immediately starts trying to use it.\---Yeah, all right.---And h e’s interested in the mistakes he makes, he’s not afraid to make them.---So he’s not simply interested in having it corrected and moving on?---No. no, no. he, he plays with the language. A bad student, on the other hand, will perhaps say “OK I’ve done this chapter I know this,” without trying to experiment at all, without really testing himself.---Ahha, ahha.---He’s usually passive, he won’t speak up much in the classroom. He’ll very rarely ask you why this and why not something else…---Just sort of accepts what you give him an d doesn’t do anything more with it.---That’s right and in a test he’s the one person who’s likely to suddenly realize that he wasn’t too sure about that after all.---Yeah.---And peep over at the er…at his neighbor’s paper.---Oh, yes, An alternative learning strategy.---Right, and he invariably decides that the other person is more likely to be right than himself. That’s the result of this sort of unwillingness to make mistakes and stick his neck out.---Mm, right, yeah. Er, anything else?---Er…---That characterizes the good or bad learner?---Er, mm, the bad learner is, wait a minute er, the good learner is erm, well, I think he’ll do more off his own bat as well, he won’t rely entirely on the teacher.---Mm hm.---He’ll read, he’ll read books.---Mm, so work outside the classroom as well as in it.---Yes, yeah---Yeah, yeah---Students who make most progress are first of all those who experiment and secondly those who read books.Part IV University CampusA2. the History Department3. the Psychology Department4. the Library5. the Education Department6. the Philosophy Department7. the Geography Department8. the Sports Ground9. the Foreign Languages Department 10. the Chinese Department11. the Physics Department 12. the Mathematics Department 13. the Chemistry Department 14. the Clinic 15. the Auditorium 16. the Administration BuildingLook at the map. At the bottom of the page, fine the gate (1). Now locate 16. It is between the river and the lake, close to the Main Road. The building behind the Administration is 15. Where is 4? It’s on the right-hand side of the Main Road, close to the river. Across the Main road from the Library, the building by the river is 5. The first building on the left-hand side of the Main Road is 7. 6 is between the Education and the Geography. The building at the end of the Main Road is 12. on its left is 11 and on its right, near the lake, is 13. Another building behind the like is 14. 10 is facing the lake, across the Main Road. The building between the Chinese Department and the river is 9. 2 is the first building on the right of the Main Road. Next to the History Department is 3. And last, 8 is behind the Education, Philosophy and Geography Departments.B Robert MartinBiologynext fallsix years in a public school in the hometown; two years in a military school, high school in the hometownscience (biology in particular), sportsMr. Rose: Good morning. Have a seat.Bob: Good morning. Thank you.Mr. Rose: I have your application here somewhere. Yes，here it is. Your name is Robert Martin，right?Bob: That's right，sir.Mr. Rose: And you hope to enter our university next fallBob: Yes，sir，if I can make it.Mr. Rose: Fine，Bob. I notice that you finished high school a year ago. Why didn't you enter college that year?Bob: Well，I have a sister in college now. And there's another one who'll be going next year. So I had to earn a little money to help pay my way.Mr. Rose: Good. It sounds as if you're a pretty responsible fellow. I see that you attended two grade schools.Bob: Yes，sir. My first six years I went to a public school in my hometown. Then I went to a military school for two years.Mr. Rose: And came back to your hometown for high school.B ob: That's right，sir.Mr. Rose: I see. I don't find a transcript among your papers. Do you have one？Bob: I'm not sure I know what that is.Mr Rose: Oh，that's a list of your grades.B ob: Oh，yes. That's in the mail now.Mr Rose: All right. How were your gradesB ob: Well，pretty good，until my second year in high school. Then I guess I got a little too interested in sports. But I know I'll work hard in college.Mr Rose: What do you want to major insB ob: I want to major in biology. That was my best subject in high school. I'm really interested in it.Mr Rose: That sounds fine，Bob. Have you discussed this with your teachers and your parents？B ob: Oh，sure. My science teacher thinks that's just what I ought to go into. And my parents say I should make my own choice.Mr Rose: Did you have some math and other science courses in high schoolB ob: Everything they offered. And I did some extra work for my teacher too.Mr Rose: Well，Bob，you should get along all right here. But it's hard to keep up with both sports and studies.B ob: Yes，sir，I know.Mr Rose: Fine. I' 11 hold your application until we get the transcript. We’ve seen it we'll let you know. Probably in about two weeks.B ob: Thank you very much，sir.Mr Rose: By the way，what did your guidance counselor tell yourB ob: He told me I had a real knack for scientific things. I know I do，too. I've been fascinated with science since I was a child.Mr Rose: An interest of that kind really signifies something. Well，good luck，Bob.B ob: Thank you，sir. Good-bye.Unit 2 Colorful lands, colorful peopleA16,998,000 / 64,186,300/ 840,000 / 1,000,000 / 3,320,000 / 143,244 / 32,483 / 2,966,000 /5,105,700 / 29,028 / -1,312 / 5,315 / 36,198 / 4,145 /The biggest continent in the world is Asia. It covers 16,998,000 square miles.The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean with 64,186,300 square miles.Which is the biggest island? It’s Greenland. It occupies an area of 840,000 square miles.The Arabia Peninsula is the largest peninsula and has an area of 1, 000,000 square miles.Do you know which is the larg est desert? Yes, it’s the Sahara Desert in North Africa. It covers 3,320,000 square miles.The biggest saltwater lake is the Caspian Sea, which is 143,244 square miles large.Lake Superior is the biggest fresh water lake and it covers a total area of 32,483 square miles.The smallest continent is Oceania, with an area of 2,966,000 square miles, and the smallest ocean is the Arctic Ocean with 5,105,700 square miles.You all know the world’s highest peak, don’t you? Mt. Qomolangma (or Mt. Everest) is 29,028 feet above sea level. In contrast, the lowest altitude in the world is the Dead Sea, 1,312 feet below sea level, or you can say -1,312 feet.The deepest lake is Baykal in Russia. The depth is 5,315 feet.Mariana Trench near the Philippines is the deepest oceanic trench, with a depth of 36, 198 feet.The longest river in the world is the Nile in Africa. It is 4, 145 miles long.B1,243,738,000 / 955,220,000 / 267,901,000 / 199,867,000 / 159,884,000 / 147,105,000 / 138,150,000 / 125,638,000 / 122,013,000 / 118,369,000 / 96,400,000 / 82,071,0001. The country with the largest population in the world is China. According to the 1997 census, the total population was 1,243,738,000.2. The second largest in population is India. It listed a population of 955,220,000 in 1997.3. And the third largest is the United States, with its estimated population of 267,901,000 in 1997.4. Which country is the fourth largest in population? It’s Indonesia. About 199,867,000 people live there.5. Brazil ranks the fifth in its population. There the population was 159,884,000.6. Next comes the Russian Federation, with a population of 147,105,000.7. The seventh in line is Pakistan, with an estimated population of 138,150,000.8. Japan is the country with the eighth largest population. Its population estimated in 1997 reached 125,638,000.9. The next larges country in population is Bangladesh. The estimated population was 122,013,000 in 1997.10. Nigeria in Africa ranks the tenth in its population. There are about 118,369,000 people living there.11. The eleventh? Mexico. According to statistics, its population was 96, 400, 000 in 1997.12. And last, the twelfth larges is Germany. Its 1997 census showed it had a population of 82,071,000.CChinese 1,300 million / Spanish 332 million /English 322 million / 189 million / 182 million / 170 million / Russian 170 million / Japanese 125 million / German 98 million / 75.5 million / Korean 75 million / French 72 million / Vietnamese 67 million / 66 million / 64 million / 63 million / Turkish 59 million / 58 million / 44 million / Polish 44 million / Arabic 42.5 million / 41 millionDo you know which languages are spoken by more than 40 million people?Chinese has the largest number of speakers, more than 1,300 million. Next, Spanish is spoken by 332 million people. The next on the line is English, which has more than 322 million speakers. Number 4, Bengali is spoken by 189 million people. Next comes Hindi, the language spoken chiefly in India, which has 182 million speakers. Portuguese and Russian are next on the line and they are both spoken by 170 million people. Number 8, Japanese is spoken by 125 million. Next, German has 98 million speakers, while Javanese has 75.5 million. We have Korean on the list with 75 million, and it is followed by French, which is spoken by 72 million. Number 13, Vietnamese is spoken by 67 million and Telugu is spoken by 66 million. Next, we have Marathi on the list and it has 64 million speakers. Marathi is followed by Tamil, with 63 million speakers. Next comes Turkish, the language spoken in Turkey, and it has 59 million speakers. Number 18, Urdu is spoken by 58 million people. Gujarati has 44 million speakers, and Polish is also spoken by 44 million people. Number 21, which 42.5 million people speak, is Arabic and last, the number of people who speak Ukrainian is 41 million.Part IIA1. A baby boy2. social/ ecological/ populations3. longer/ healthierA baby boy born in Bosnia-Herzegovina overni ght has officially been named the world’s six billionth inhabitant.Although several other babies are likely to have been born at the same time elsewhere in the world, the United Nations had declared that the first child to be delivered at the Kosovo Hospital in Sarajevo today would symbolize the passing of the mark.The U Secretary General is visiting the mother and her son as a UN attempt to draw attention to the social and ecological problems of rapidly expanding populationsThe boy who came into the world a short time ago in Bosnia to such international acclaim will be sharing a birthday with a few hundred thousand people and in the next year another eighty million will be joining him on the planet. The earth’s population has doubled since 1960 and with more than a billion young people just entering their productive years. The population growth has plenty of momentum. But birth control programs are beginning to have an impact. Demographers predict that by the middle of the new century the global count will level off at something under ten billion. The UN population agency has presented today’s achievement as a success for humanity, pointing out that people are living longer and healthier lives than any generation in the history.B b c aThe boy will be sharing a birthday with a few hundred thousand people and in the next year, another eighty million will be joining him on the planet.The earth’s population has doubled since 1960 and with more than a billion young people just entering their productive years.Demographers predict that by the middle of the new century, the global count will level off at something under ten billion.Part IIIAWater 70% red or brown plant cover snow continents islands arms of the ocean connecting a channel valleys plainsB 12 million / 2/ 10 million/ 10/ 3/ 6/ 4/16 million/ 18 million1. Mexico City2. Sao Paulo3. Rio de Janeiro4. Bombay5. Delhi6. Shanghia7. SeoulI-Interview E-ExpertI: In Britain we are often told that people are leaving the big cities to live in the countryside but is this the case worldwide?E: Not at all. If you look at the biggest cities in 1950, seven out of the top ten were in the developed countries but by the year 2000, the developing countries will have eight out of the top ten. New York, which in 1950 was number one with a population of around 12 million, will only be the sixth largest city in the world but with an extra 2 million.I: And London?E: London, which was number two, won’t even be in the top ten. Its population in 1950, by the way, was about 10 million.I: And why is this happening? Why are people moving to the big cities from the country in the。
Step-by-step-3000-第二册--Unit2-答案
Unit 2 Shaping and reshaping personalityPart I-A1- h, 2-d, 3-j, 4-k, 5-b, 6-i,7-g, 8-e, 9-l, 10-f, 11-c, 12-aTape script:1.Taurus April 21- May12, is represented by a bull.2.Virgo is represented by a young woman.3.Capricorn......... by a goat.4.Pisces................by two fish.5.Aquarius............by the water-bearer.6.Leo.....................by a lion7.Cancer ...............by a crab8.Aries....................by a ram9.Gemini.................by twins10.Sagitarus............by a centaur shooing an arrow11.Scorpio................by a scorption12.Libra...................by a pair of measuring scales.Part I - BVery, not very, extremely, sort of, veryTape script:W: Hey, Kevin. Help me fill out this personality survey. It'll be fun.M:Oh, I don't know...W: Oh, come on... Ok, here's the first one--what should I put for "aggressive"?M:Oh, I....I'd say "very".W: Very? Really?M: Yeah, sure. Look at the way you drive!W: Well, Ok, so I'm a very aggressive driver... But.. You have to drive like that in this city, or you're gonna be hit, because....M:Uh,... What's the next one?W: "Selfish".M:Oh, not at all.W: Really? Well... Maybe just a little... I mean, a lot of people are, right? Just a little bit? You know, I mean, I try to think of other people, but sometimes I do just think of myself, I guess.M: Ok,Ok, so put "not very."W: OK.M: But you can put "extremely " for the next one.W: What? Oh, "kind"?M: Yes. Don't you think you are an extremely kind person?W: I am? Ok, if you say so. Oh, look t this next one.W: Yeah.M: Hmm... I don't know. Sometimes you can be really patient, but other times you are not patient at all. Like remember that time in line at the supermarket when you got... W: Ok, ok, I get your point. I'll put "sort of"/.M: Ok, that's right.W: Next one..."jealous"... I guess I am sort of jealous...M: Sort of? I'd put "very". Remember how angry you got when my ex-girlfriend called the other day? I remember you are gonna raise the roof...W: All right, all right, " Very".Part I- CAmbitious and proudHelpful and honestSelfish and unreliableTape script:GeorgeW: So what are you going to do after you graduates, George?G: I' m going to start my own business.W: Oh, really? What type of business?G: Well, I haven't decided yet, but I know I'll be successful in anything I do. In fact, I am going to be one of the top business people in town in less than five years. Just wait and see! I have everything it takes --I am smart, I can organize people. And I am full of ideas that can make money.KarenK: Hey! Look at this wallet on the sidewalk. Wow! There's lot of money in it... But no identification. Mmm...I wonder how I can find the owner? I guess I will take it to the police station and see if anyone has reported a lost wallet.PamM: What are you doing tonight, Pam?P: Well, I was supposed to meet Bill after work for a movie, but I don't feel like going.I think I will go shopping instead.M: Won't Bill get mad?P: Oh, I am sure he can find something else to do.M:Oh?P: Besides, I really need some new clothes. I haven't bought any for nearly a month! M:Huh!Part IIYoung boys1. Measure the boys' abilities and how they felt about their own abilities;2.Three groups--those with high self-esteem/middle self-esteem/low self-esteem3. In all situation--at home/ at work/ in school/ with friends1. Active/able to express ideas/successful in school and in relations with other people/creative/led in discussions/interested in world problems/seldom tired or sick2. Like the boys with high self-esteem/express ideas freely/saw the world as a good and happy place/ not sure of their own value3. Sad most time/ afraid to start activities/ felt no love/ couldn't express ideas/ afraid of anger/no talk in discussiona. closenessb. good behavior b.almost anythingc.definite, strict, kind and thoughtful c. no definited. rewards d. harsh punishmente. democratic, respectedf. importance, taken away f. didn't love themTape script:Scientists have learned a great deal about the parts of brain and their functions. They have also studied the development of the personality, for example, how a baby learns to love. In recent studies at two universities in the United States, scientists have investigated the development of self-esteem.Self-esteem is the respect a person has for himself, his belief in his ability and in the value of what he does. The scientists studied self-esteem in young boys. They gave them many tests. These test measured the boys' abilities and also how they felt about their own abilities. After the tests, the boys were divided into three groups--those with high-esteem, those with middle-esteem and those with love self-esteem. The scientist continued to study the boys in all situations. They studied them at home, at work, in school, and with their friends.From their studies, the scientists made some observations. Boys with high self-esteem were active. They were able to express their ideas. They were successful in school and in their relations with other people. In discussions, they led. They didn't just listen. They were interested in world problems. They were creative and believed that they could finish whatever they started. They seldom became tired or sick. In many ways, the boys with middle self-esteem were like the boys with high self-esteem. They too expressed their ideas freely and saw the world as a good and happy place. However, they were not sure of their own value as people. They did their best work when they were sure that other people liked them. The boys with low self-esteem were different from the other two groups. They were sad most of them time. They were afraid to start activities. They felt that no one loved them. They could not express their ideas. They were afraid of anger. In a discussion, they listened, but they didn't talk.The scientists asked, "How do some boys develop high self-esteem?" :"What is different in their lives?" Some of the answers were surprising. High self-esteem didnot depend upon physical appearance, or money, or size of family. It did not depend upon how much the mother was at home. The scientists found that there was a closeness between the boys with high self-esteem and their parents. Their parents showed real interest in them, and spend time with time . They listened to their sons and gave them help when the boys asked for it. They knew their sons' friends. The son knew that they were important to their parents. These parents demanded good behavior. They mad definite rules. They were strict, but not harsh. They corrected their sons' behavior by rewards, not by punishment. They never took away their love. On the other hand, the parents of boys with low self-esteem let their sons do almost anything. If a boy made a mistake, the parents punished him harshly. They boys believed that their parents didn't love them. There were no definite rules. The family life of the boys with high self-esteem was democratic. The parents made rules, but they led in a kind and thoughtful way. They showed respect for their children's ideas, even when they did not agree with them. They let the boys give their opinions in discussions of family plans. These boys were productive citizens. Now these scientists are studying other groups of children. They want to learn how to help children with low self-esteem feel better about themselves. In this way, these children can become productive citizens too.Part III- ASad, temporary, long, suffer from mental,Anyone, ten , developing,80 percent, drugs, effective, carefullyWithout, activity, minor, walking, 30, four, improve, physical, traditional, hour, talking, doctors, Discussion, ways, problemsEducation, understand.Part III - B1Joyous, warm, lovingManifest anger vent anger on somebodyDump angerTape scriptSpeaker 1I actually very rarely get anger. I've quite a long tether when it comes to anger, which doesn't mean, I really don't believe I'm suppressing any anger at all, but it manifest itself in a very sarcastic way with me. Like if for example, if I'm buying a railway ticket or something and the guy behind the counter is very surly and you now refuses to treat me like a human being, I won't get angry with him but I'll get very sarcastic with him and try to make very very clever remarks. And that for me severs its purpose. I do feel cleansed after a situation like that. Of course I do sometimes, if it's absolutely necessary I do get very angry, if I'm taken that far. But I certainly don't suppress any anger.Speaker 2Well, my anger is tied up with my sleepless nights. I mean, if I don not sleep well, I wake up in the morning, I am angry. I use any excuse to vent my anger on anybody. If I sleep well, then everything is fine. I'm a joyous, warm, loving person. Sleepless nights, I'm full of anger and my anger does not ebb away unless I use a thing or somebody to vent it upon. As weak as that may sound, that's how I work. And it's terrible sort of admission to make to everybody here. If I'm looking for excuses for having woken up in a particularly bad way, in a way, anger is something that I have to get out. I do not carry it around by weeping, and like crying. I believe in dumping it. Part III - B1Punch bags with pictures of their bossLaughing at it.Tape script:A: Apparently, I don't know if this is true, but in Japan, if factory workers get a bit uptight or angry, they can go out into the gym or something which is usually attached to the factory and there are punch bags with pictures of their boss. And they can go and they can spend twenty minutes punching hell out of this punch bag. And they go back to work and they feel great.B: Oh,God yes, well, that brings us on to laughing then. That made me laugh.C:Well that's one way of dealing with anger as well, I suppose, if you can actually remove yourself from the situation and just laugh at it. I think laughter is one of the most wonderful releases, and I think that it's actually been proved that you know that chemical that is released when you laugh is life-enhancing and life elongating too, you know. It promotes a healthy, a healthier being.Part IVClassifying and organizing ideasAbility, the facts or ideas, are related to one anotherRoman, Arabic, letters, standard form, decreasing importance, capital letters, small letters,To the left, to the right, equal, the same distance, easy to see, the ideas before and after it.No punctuationOutlining, practice.。
Step by Step2000听力教程-2-答案Unit2
Unit 2Language -A Vehicle in Communicat Communicati i on Part I Warming upTape-script :A.1.There are more than 2,700languages in the world.In addition,there are more than 7,000dialects.A dialect is a regional variety of a language that has a different pronunciation,vocabulary,or meaning.2.The language in which a government conducts business is the official language of that country.3.One billion people speak English.That's 20percent of the world's population.4.Four hundred million people speak English as their first language.For the other 600million it's either a second language or a foreign language.5.There are more than 500,000words in the Oxford dictionary.Eightypercent of all English vocabulary comes from other languages.6.Eighty percent of all information in the world's computers is in English.7.Somalia is the only African country in which the entire population speaks the same language,Somali.8.More than 1,000different languages are spoken on the continent ofAfrica.9.When the American spaceship Voyage began its journey in 1977,it carried a gold disc.On the disc,there were messages in 55languages.w ww .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网Before all of them,there was a message from the Secretary General of the United Nations in English.B.1.learning styles:different ways of learning that different people have2.hearing learners:people who learn best by listening3.visual learners,people who learn best by reading or looking at pictures4.tactile learners:people who learn best by touching and doing things Tapescript:Different people have different ways of learning.We call this your "learning style,"and it's based on your senses.To learn,you need to use your different senses hearing,seeing,touching,etc.,to bring information to your brain.Now,most people use one of their senses more than the others.Some people learn best by listening.They are called hearing learners.And others learn best by reading or looking at pictures.They are called visual learners.And some learn best by touching and doing things.They are called tactile learners.Now,scientists don't know why people use one sense more than the others.Maybe the sense they use most just works best for them.C.Now Listen to another talk about language learning styles.Focus on the four basic learner "types."Match Column A,the learner types,with Column B,ways of teaming languages.w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网T apescript:All right,class.Today we're going to be looking at different language learning styles.You may be surprised to find that there are different ways of going about learning languages,none of which is necessarily better than the others.Researchers have identified four basic learner "types"--the communicative learner,the analytical learner,the authority-oriented learner and the concrete municative learners like to learn by watching and listening to native speakers.At home,they 'like to learn by watching TV and videos.They like to learn new words by hearing them.In class,they like to learn by having conversations.Now,concrete learners like to learn by playing games,by looking at pictures and videos in class,by talking in pairs,and by listening to cassettes at home and school.Now,authority-oriented learners,on the other hand,like the teacher to explain everything.They like to write everything down in their notebook,and they like to have a textbook.They like to learn new words by seeing them.And finally,we have analytical learners.These learners like to learn by studying grammar.At home,they like to learn by studying English books,and they like to study by themselves.They like to find their own mistakes.Now,of course,it's unusual for a person to be exclusively one "type"rather than another.Most of us are mixtures of styles.What type of learner do you think you are?Part II What Whatmakes makes a good or bad student?w ww .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网A.B.A good studentNot afraid to make mistakesinterested in the mistakes he makes and having them corrected Eager to experiment with every new thingtrying to use something newplaying with the languagetesting himselfDoing more off his own bat Working outside the class-room reading books A bad studentPassivenot speaking up muchrarely asking the teacher why this and why not something else relying entirely on the teacher just accepting what the teacher gives him and doing nothing morewith it Unwilling to stick his neck outafraid to make mistakes w ww .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网Invariably deciding the other person is more likely to be right than himselfnot too sure about the testTapescript.A:Well what I wanted to ask really was ...you're a teacher,been teaching for some years now,erm,what would you say,how would you describe a good student or a bad student,you know,sort of things they do or don't do in the classroom?B:Erm,well,a good student is usually one who's not afraid to make mistakes,I'd say.A .Uh huh.B .And he's,er,eager to experiment with every new thing that he learns,whether it be a structure or a function or a new word,erm,he immediately starts trying to use it.A :Yeah,all right.B .And he's interested in the mistakes he makes,he's not afraid to make them.A :So he's not simply interested in having it corrected and moving on?B :No,no,no.He,he plays with the language.A bad student,on the other hand,will perhaps say "OK I've done this chapter I know this,"without trying to experiment at all,without really testing himself.A :Ahha,ahha.w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网B :He's usually passive,he won't speak up much in the classroom.He'll very rarely ask you why this and why not something else...A .Just sort of accepts what you give him and doesn't do anything more with it.B :That's right and in a test he's the one person who's likely to suddenly realiz e that,er,yes,he wasn't too sure about that after all.A .Yeah.B :And peep over at the er...at his neighbor's paper.A :Oh yes,an alternative learning strategy.B :Right,and he invariably decides that the other person is more likely to be right than himself.I think that's the result of,er,this sort of unwillingness to make mistakes and stick his neck out.A .Mm,right,yeah.Er,anything else?B .Er ...A .That characterizes the good or bad learner?B .Er,mm,the bad learner is,wait a minute er,the good learner is erm,well,I think he'll do more off his own batas well,he won't rely entirely onthe teacher.A .Mm hm.B :He'll read,he'll read books.A .Mm,so work outside the classroom as well as in it.B .Yes,yeah.w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网A .Yeah,yeah.B .Students who make most progress are first of all those who experiment and secondly those who read books.Part IIISome facts about EnglishA.B.(F)1.The English language is a mixture of different languages.This feature has nothing good but only to make it more difficult to learn.(T)2.According to the speaker,some words from the French have more prestige than those from the Old English although they mean the same thing.(F)3.Canadian English is close to American English in some words and idioms.But the spelling and pronunciation reflect British usage.Questions for discussion:1.Do you agree that English will eventually be the world language?If not,which language do you think will be?2.From your experience,what is particularly difficult to learn aboutEnglish?Tapescript:I --Interviewer P --ProfessorI:And now we have an interview with Professor J.T.Lingo,Professor of Linguistics at Chimo University,who is here to talk to us about the w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网growing business of teaching English.Good morning,Professor Lingo.P.Good morning.I:Professor,I understand that teaching English is becoming "big business"all around the world.P :It seems that language schools are springing up everywhere.I :Why is that?P:With the move toward a global economy,English has become the most widely used language in the world.It is the language of business,aviation,science and international affairs and people find that they must learn English to compete in those fields.I .And do people find English an easy language to learn?P :Well,every language has something about it that other people find difficult to learn.English is such a hodgepodge of different languages --it's essentially Germanic but a lot of its vocabulary comes from French,and technical words stem from Latin and Greek.This feature makes English fairly adaptable --which is a good thing for a world language --but it causes irregularity in spelling and pronunciation.I:English spelling baffles me,too.P :Yes,well,anyway,English also has the largest vocabulary.Often there are words for the same thing,one that is Anglo-Saxon and one from the French --like "buy"which is Anglo Saxon and "purchase"which is from the French.The French word often has more prestige.w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网I :Anglo-Saxon?P :That's the word for Old English.The Norman Conquest in 1066brought the French language to Britain and helped English evolve into the language it is today.I:I see.Is there anything else particularly difficult about English?P .Well,the idioms in informal English pose a problem for some students.I:Informal English?P :As with any language,there are different varieties slang,colloquial,formal,written,as well as the different dialects --British,American and Canadian English.I .And how is Canadian English different from American and British?Pi Well,Canadian English is closer to American in pronunciation and idiom.Some of our words and our spellings do reflect British usage,however.We wouldn't use the British term "lorry"for truck,but we have kept the "o-u-r'spellings in words such as "honour"and "colour."I .This has been very interesting,professor.I'm afraid we're out of time.It has been a pleasure talking to you.P :Thank you.I :We have been talking to Professor Lingo of Chimo University.w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网。
Listening step by step-Lesson 2
His ill health poses serious problems for the future.
•slang
Slang consists of words, expressions, and meanings that are informal and are used by people who know each other very well or who have the same interests.
• in BRIT, usually use hotch-potch
• ...a hodgepodge of maps, small tools, and notebooks.
•linguistics the scientific
study of language
•spring up suddenly appears
widely used
difficult
hodgepodge
irregularity
largest ry
idioms
varieties
hodgepodge
• [mainly US, informal] • an untidy mixture of different types of things.
Listening
Step By Step
Lesson 2
A.
Educational system
B.
Facts about English
primary school
secondary school
high school
higher education
college
university
Step by step 1单元2、3原文
Step by step1--Unit2、3原文Colorful lands,colorful peopleThe biggest continent in the world is Asia.It covers16,998,000square miles.The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean with64,186,300square miles.Which is the biggest island?It’s Greenland.It occupies an area of840,000square miles.The Arabia Peninsula is the largest peninsula and has an area of1,000,000square miles.Do you know which is the largest desert?Yes,it’s the Sahara Desert in North Africa.It covers3,320,000 square miles.The biggest saltwater lake is the Caspian Sea,which is143,244square miles large.Lake Superior is the biggest fresh water lake and it covers a total area of32,483square miles.The smallest continent is Oceania,with an area of2,966,000square miles,and the smallest ocean is the Arctic Ocean with5,105,700square miles.You all know the world’s highest peak,don’t you?Mt.Qomolangma(or Mt.Everest)is29,028feet above sea level.In contrast,the lowest altitude in the world is the Dead Sea,1,312feet below sea level,or you can say -1,312feet.The deepest lake is Baykal in Russia.The depth is5,315feet.Mariana Trench near the Philippines is the deepest oceanic trench,with a depth of36,198feet.The longest river in the world is the Nile in Africa.It is4,145miles long.B1.The country with the largest population in the world is China.According to the1997census,the totalpopulation was1,243,738,000.2.The second largest in population is India.It listed a population of955,220,000in1997.3.And the third largest is the United States,with its estimated population of267,901,000in1997.4.Which country is the fourth largest in population?It’s Indonesia.About199,867,000people live there.5.Brazil ranks the fifth in its population.There the population was159,884,000.6.Next comes the Russian Federation,with a population of147,105,000.7.The seventh in line is Pakistan,with an estimated population of138,150,000.8.Japan is the country with the eighth largest population.Its population estimated in1997reached125,638,000.9.The next larges country in population is Bangladesh.The estimated population was122,013,000in1997.10.Nigeria in Africa ranks the tenth in its population.There are about118,369,000people living there.11.The eleventh?Mexico.According to statistics,its population was96,400,000in1997.12.And last,the twelfth larges is Germany.Its1997census showed it had a population of82,071,000.CDo you know which languages are spoken by more than40million people?Chinese has the largest number of speakers,more than1,300million.Next,Spanish is spoken by332 million people.The next on the line is English,which has more than322million speakers.Number4,Bengali is spoken by189million people.Next comes Hindi,the language spoken chiefly in India,which has182 million speakers.Portuguese and Russian are next on the line and they are both spoken by170million people. Number8,Japanese is spoken by125million.Next,German has98million speakers,while Javanese has 75.5million.We have Korean on the list with75million,and it is followed by French,which is spoken by72 million.Number13,Vietnamese is spoken by67million and Telugu is spoken by66million.Next,we have Marathi on the list and it has64million speakers.Marathi is followed by Tamil,with63million speakers. Next comes Turkish,the language spoken in Turkey,and it has59million speakers.Number18,Urdu is spoken by58million people.Gujarati has44million speakers,and Polish is also spoken by44million people. Number21,which42.5million people speak,is Arabic and last,the number of people who speak Ukrainianis41million.Part IIA baby boy born in Bosnia-Herzegovina overnight has officially been named the world’s six billionth inhabitant.Although several other babies are likely to have been born at the same time elsewhere in the world,the United Nations had declared that the first child to be delivered at the Kosovo Hospital in Sarajevo today would symbolize the passing of the mark.The U Secretary General is visiting the mother and her son as a UN attempt to draw attention to the social and ecological problems of rapidly expanding populationsThe boy who came into the world a short time ago in Bosnia to such international acclaim will be sharing a birthday with a few hundred thousand people and in the next year another eighty million will be joining him on the planet.The earth’s population has doubled since1960and with more than a billion young people just entering their productive years.The population growth has plenty of momentum.But birth control programs are beginning to have an impact.Demographers predict that by the middle of the new century the global count will level off at something under ten billion.The UN population agency has presented today’s achievement as a success for humanity,pointing out that people are living longer and healthier lives than any generation in the history.BThe boy will be sharing a birthday with a few hundred thousand people and in the next year,another eighty million will be joining him on the planet.The earth’s population has doubled since1960and with more than a billion young people just entering their productive years.Demographers predict that by the middle of the new century,the global count will level off at something under ten billion.Part III B I-Interview E-ExpertI:In Britain we are often told that people are leaving the big cities to live in the countryside but is this the case worldwide?E:Not at all.If you look at the biggest cities in1950,seven out of the top ten were in the developed countries but by the year2000,the developing countries will have eight out of the top ten.New York,which in1950 was number one with a population of around12million,will only be the sixth largest city in the world but with an extra2million.I:And London?E:London,which was number two,won’t even be in the top ten.Its population in1950,by the way,was about10million.I:And why is this happening?Why are people moving to the big cities from the country in the developing countries?E:The reasons are complex but many are moving to look for work.And the problems this creates are enormous.It’s estimated that26million people will be living in Mexico City by the year2000,with Sao Paulo in Brazil not far behind.I:It’s difficult to believe.E:I know.Rio de Janeiro will have a population of a mere13million.Well,just imagine the kinds of difficulties this is going to cause in terms of health,transport and education.I:Yes.What about the cities of Asia?Will they be experiencing a similar sort of growth?E:In some cases,yes.Calcutta in India which was No.10in the league in1950is expected to be the fourth biggest city in the world with a population of16million-quadrupling its size in just50years.Bombay and Delhi too are expected to be in the top ten.I:What about Japan?E:Ah!Well,Tokyo was number three in1950and that’s where it’ll be at the beginning of the next century, although its population will have trebled to about18million.Looking at the other major cities in Asia,Shanghai and Seoul will be in the top ten as well but,perhaps surprisingly,not Beijing or Hong Kong.I:Now,if we could turn our attention to home,what about the trend of people moving out of the cities…Unit3Traveling from Place to PlacePartⅠALast call for British airways flight BA912for Tokyo.BA912for Tokyo due to depart at11:20boarding at gate17.British airways flight BA877to Boston.British airways flight BA877to Boston duo to depart at11:20 boarding now at gate14.British airways flight BA292for Frankfurt,Athens and Karachi.Flight BA292for Frankfurt,Athens and Karachi duo to depart at11:25now board at gate19.TWA flight,TW695to New York.TWA flight TW695to New York departing at11:30boarding at gate16. Tape script:Chief Steward:may I have your attention please,ladies and gentlemen?This is the chief steward speaking. We would like to inform all passengers that the buffet car is now open.The buffet car is situated towards the middle of the train.On sale are tea,coffee and soft drinks,a selection of fresh and toasted sandwiches including egg and tomato,ham and tomato,egg and cress,roast chicken and toasted cheese;cheeseburgers, beef burgers and sausages and a licensed bar.The buffet car is situated towards the middle of the train. Thank you.PartⅡA-Annabel C-Charles D-DouglasD:Ah!That’s much better!C:Ah!That’s yours,I think…er…Doug.D:Thank you very much,Charles.C:Right.You have a good journey then,Douglas?D:Yes I did,I did.I must say the plane was marvelous,marvelous.C:Very quick,then?D:Er…the plane journey was terrifically quick…er…I mean,you…er…what…you met me about 9…er…what…er…10…10:45.C:About10:30.D:Yes,the plane got in at…er…10:30and we left at9:15.C:What time didi you have to start though in the morning?D:Well,that…er…that wa a different story,because I had to get to Victoria…um…at…you know,to get to Gatwick and it’s…er…from…er…Victoria to Gatwick three quarters of an hour.Then I had to leave home at7:30and get up at6:30.C:Oh,gracious me!D:So I’m not sure if you save much really.C:Jet travel,my goodness me!It was worth the experience,though?D:Oh,I mean,you know,I’ve never flown across the south of England and it really looked absolutely fantastic,especially as we approach…approached Plymouth,you know,with this sunshine and it looked really marvelous…marvelous.C:Well,when you come up next time,would you be coming the same way?D:Oh,t don’t think so.I don’t…to be honest…hallo,isn’t that…Annabel!C:Oh it is.It’s Annabel!D:Over here,over here!A:Hallo!C:Nice to see you,my dear.A:Hallo there,how are you?C:Want a drink,my dear?A:Yes,please.C:Right,I’ll..er…fix them.You had a good journey?A:Yes,I had a lovely time,I came by train…er…it was…er…C:What time did you start then?A:Oh,about10:30I think.Got here about1:30.so it’s only…what…three hours.Very quick.C:Very good.Douglas came up by plane!A:Oh,how fancy!Well,this was…er…this was a nice train,you know,very modern and comfortable.And of course loads of trans-about every hour I think.C:Oh,great.Did you get something to eat on the train?A:Yes thanks,yes.Had a nice lunch.Oh,it’s wonderful,you can sit there drinking your soup and watching the view go by.I like it…D:I bet it’s a…it’s a hell of a lot of cheaper than the plane.A:Well,actually,I thought it was quite expensive…um…unless you’ve got,you know,a student card or something.D:Oh,those days are long gone!A:But it was quite…quite…crowded.I was…I was glad I’d booked a seat,you know.D:Yes,yesPartⅢConversation1T-Travel agent C1-customer1(Telephone ringing)T:Hello,villa rentals,can t help you?C1:Oh,hello.I do hope so.You see my husband and I are looking for a holiday villa and we’ve heard that you have some nice places in Italy,Iniscia.T:Oh yes,madam.We’ve got several villas on offer in Iniscia.How many people would there be in your party?C1:Well,it’s just the family.You know,my husband and…the three children.T:A party of five then,yes.And er…when would you want to be there?C1:When?Erm…oh well,it would have to be in September.T:In September.Uh-huh.and for how many weeks?C1:For two actually,the first two in September.T:The first two in September.Oh,well,we’ve only got one place free then,madam.Oh,but it’s a very beautiful one,the villa Delmonti.C1:And it’s nice,is it?T:Oh,it’s an absolute dream,madam.It’s set on a hilltop with a big garden and beautiful view out over the sea towards Naples.C1:It sounds as if you’ve been there.T:Yes,for a couple of days last October on an inspection tour.And I fell in love with it at first sight.C1:Er,how many rooms has it got?T:Well,on the ground floor there are two double bedrooms,both of them beautifully decorated,a single bedroom and all three have their own bathroom and toilet facilities.Then still on the ground floor there’s a large kitchen,a large dining room and a very big outside terrace.And then upstairs it’s got a very large sitting-room with windows all around and a back garden with a big swimming pool.C1:Mm,it dose sound nice,yes.There is a maid or cleaner or something,is there?T:Oh,yes,madam,six days a week.C1:Oh,well,I dare say we can manage for the seventh.Em…what about distances?Is it far from the town and all that?Do you think we’d need a car?T:Actually we do normally advise people to hire a car.C1:And how much would a smallish car cost?T:Oh well for a…C1:You know,for a metro or a Renault five or a ford fiesta,nothing grand.T:Ah,for a fiesta,it would be about￡80a week.C1:And for the house for those two weeks?T:For the period of September4th till the17th inclusive,it would cost,mm,you’re five people,let me see, um,￡570per person for the two weeks,including the return airfare.C1:Mm,well,it would be worse.Yes well,I’d really like to see some photographs of this place or something.Can you arrange that?T:Oh,of course,madam.We’ve got a video of it,so any time you care to come in,you could see it.C1:Oh,right.I’ll be in this afternoon.Thank you for your help.T:Don’t mention it,Madam.I’ll look forward to seeing you.C1:Good-bye.T:Bye.Conversation2T-Travel agent C2-customer2(Telephone ringing)T:Hello,villa rentals.Can I help you?C2:Oh,hello.Em…I…I…I’m just calling because I’ve,er…I’ve just seen your advert about apartments and villas for rent.And erm…what…could you tell me more about them please?T:Of course,madam.But could you tell me something about what you’re looking for?And…where’d you like to go?How many bedrooms you would need and so on?C2:Ah,yes,well,erm.There’ll be the five of us.I mean,er,my husband and I and the two kids and my mother because she lost dad last year and it’s her first year without.T:Fine,I see.And would you want a house or an apartment?C2:Well,we’d like a house of course,if we can afford one,but I…T:And whereabouts?Did you have any particular place in mind?C2:Well,we wanted the Mediterranean,like Spain.Actually we thought of Minorca.T:Well,we’ve got some lovely places in Minorca,madam.C2:Oh!T:For five you said?C2:Uh-huh.T:And when would you want to be there?C2:Well,it would have to be in august because we are both off work then and it’s the school holidays,too. T:Well,how about this?C2:Uh-huh?T:Minorca,adia.Oh,that’s a beautiful place.C2:Oh.T:A little fishing village.A house for five for two weeks in august from august5th to august18th inclusive (uh-huh)per person,￡270including return flight from Gatwick.C2:Oh!Well,that’s not bad.Ho…how many rooms has it got?T:One double bedroom,then a big bedroom with two single beds and a sofa,you know,a convertible divan downstairs,full bathroom,kitchen and a large living-sitting room,and a beautiful terrace with a sea view.C2:Oh!Have you got any photographs of it?T:Yes!Actually we’ve got a video of it.So if you’d like to come into the agency…C2:Yes,I would.In fact I’ll drop in this afternoon.Mm,when are you open until?T:We close at eight tonight,madam.C2:Right.I’ll be in about six,I expect.Oh,um,just one more thing.To hire a car on the island,how much would it cost,you know,for…for a smallish one?T:Well,for a fiesta.It would cost you￡98a week.C2:Phew!Well,it’s probably worth it if you’re five.Well,I’ll…I’ll be in this afternoon then.Er,see you then.Er,bye-bye.Oh,and er,thanks.T:Not at all,madam.Bye.。
Step by step-3000 第二册 Unit2原文及答案
Step by step-3000 第二册 Unit2原文及答案Unit 2 Shaping and reshaping personalityPart I-A1- h, 2-d, 3-j, 4-k, 5-b, 6-i,7-g, 8-e, 9-l, 10-f, 11-c, 12-aTape script:1. Taurus April 21- May12, is represented by a bull.2. Virgo is represented by a young woman.3. Capricorn......... by a goat.4. Pisces................by two fish.5. Aquarius............by the water-bearer.6. Leo.....................by a lion7. Cancer ...............by a crab8. Aries....................by a ram9. Gemini.................by twins10. Sagitarus............by a centaur shooing an arrow 11. Scorpio................by a scorption12. Libra...................by a pair of measuring scales.Part I - BVery, not very, extremely, sort of, veryTape script:W: Hey, Kevin. Help me fill out this personality survey. It'll be fun.M:Oh, I don't know...W: Oh, come on... Ok, here's the first one--what should I put for "aggressive"?M:Oh, I....I'd say "very".W: Very? Really?M: Yeah, sure. Look at the way you drive!W: Well, Ok, so I'm a very aggressive driver... But.. You have to drive like that in thiscity, or you're gonna be hit, because....M:Uh,... What's the next one?W: "Selfish".M:Oh, not at all.W: Really? Well... Maybe just a little... I mean, a lot of people are, right? Just a littlebit? You know, I mean, I try to think of other people, but sometimes I do just think ofmyself, I guess.M: Ok,Ok, so put "not very."W: OK.M: But you can put "extremely " for the next one. W: What? Oh, "kind"?M: Yes. Don't you think you are an extremely kind person? W: I am? Ok, if you say so. Oh, look t this next one.W: Yeah.M: Hmm... I don't know. Sometimes you can be really patient, but other times you are not patient at all. Like remember that time in line at the supermarket when you got... W: Ok, ok, I get your point. I'll put "sort of"/.M: Ok, that's right.W: Next one..."jealous"... I guess I am sort of jealous...M: Sort of? I'd put "very". Remember how angry you got when my ex-girlfriend called the other day? I remember you are gonna raise the roof...W: All right, all right, " Very".Part I- CAmbitious and proudHelpful and honestSelfish and unreliableTape script:GeorgeW: So what are you going to do after you graduates, George?G: I' m going to start my own business.W: Oh, really? What type of business?G: Well, I haven't decided yet, but I know I'll be successful in anything I do. In fact, I am going to be one of the top business people in town in less than five years. Just wait and see! I have everything it takes --I am smart, I can organize people. And I am full of ideas that can make money.KarenK: Hey! Look at this wallet on the sidewalk. Wow! There's lot of money in it... But no identification. Mmm...I wonder how I can find the owner? I guess I will take it to the police station and see if anyone has reported a lost wallet.PamM: What are you doing tonight, Pam?P: Well, I was supposed to meet Bill after work for a movie, but I don't feel like going. I think I will go shopping instead.M: Won't Bill get mad?P: Oh, I am sure he can find something else to do.M:Oh?P: Besides, I really need some new clothes. I haven't bought any for nearly a month! M:Huh!Part IIYoung boys1. Measure the boys' abilities and how they felt about their own abilities;2.Three groups--those with high self-esteem/middle self-esteem/low self-esteem3. In all situation--at home/ at work/ in school/ with friends1. Active/able to express ideas/successful in school and inrelations with other people/creative/led in discussions/interested in world problems/seldom tired or sick 2. Like the boys with high self-esteem/express ideas freely/saw the world as a good and happy place/ not sure of their own value3. Sad most time/ afraid to start activities/ felt no love/ couldn't express ideas/ afraid of anger/no talk in discussiona. closenessb. good behavior b.almost anythingc.definite, strict, kind and thoughtful c. no definited. rewards d. harsh punishmente. democratic, respectedf. importance, taken away f. didn't love themTape script:Scientists have learned a great deal about the parts of brain andtheir functions. They have also studied the development of the personality, for example, how a baby learns to love. In recent studiesat two universities in the United States, scientists have investigated the development of self-esteem.Self-esteem is the respect a person has for himself, his belief inhis ability and in the value of what he does. The scientists studiedself-esteem in young boys. They gave them many tests. These test measured the boys' abilities and also how they felt about their own abilities. After the tests, the boys were divided into three groups--those with high-esteem, those with middle-esteem and those with loveself-esteem. The scientist continued to study the boys in all situations. They studied them at home, at work, in school, and with their friends.From their studies, the scientists made some observations. Boys with high self-esteem were active. They were able to express their ideas. They were successful in school and in their relations with other people. In discussions, they led. They didn't just listen. They were interested in world problems. They were creative and believed that they couldfinish whatever they started. They seldom became tired or sick. In many ways, the boys with middle self-esteem were like the boys with highself-esteem. They too expressed their ideas freely and saw the world as a good and happy place. However, they were not sure of their own value as people. They did their best work when they were sure that other people liked them. The boys with low self-esteem were different from the other two groups. They were sad most of them time. They were afraid to start activities. They felt that no one loved them. They could not express their ideas. They were afraid of anger. In a discussion, they listened, but they didn't talk.The scientists asked, "How do some boys develop high self-esteem?" :"What is different in their lives?" Some of the answers were surprising. High self-esteem didnot depend upon physical appearance, or money, or size of family. It did not depend upon how much the mother was at home. The scientists found that there was a closeness between the boys with high self-esteem and their parents. Their parents showed real interest in them, and spend time with time . They listened to their sons and gave them help when the boys asked for it. They knew their sons' friends. The son knew that theywere important to their parents. These parents demanded good behavior. They mad definite rules. They were strict, but not harsh. They corrected their sons' behavior by rewards, not by punishment. They never took away their love. On the other hand, the parents of boys with low self-esteem let their sons do almost anything. If a boy made a mistake, the parents punished him harshly. They boys believed that their parents didn't love them. There were no definite rules. The family life of the boys with high self-esteem was democratic. The parents made rules, but they led in a kind and thoughtful way. They showed respect for their children's ideas, even when they did not agree with them. They let the boys give their opinions in discussions of family plans. These boys were productive citizens. Now these scientists are studying other groups of children. They want to learn how to help children with low self-esteem feel better about themselves. In this way, these children can become productive citizens too.Part III- ASad, temporary, long, suffer from mental,Anyone, ten , developing,80 percent, drugs, effective, carefullyWithout, activity, minor, walking, 30, four, improve, physical, traditional, hour, talking, doctors, Discussion, ways, problems Education, understand.Part III - B1Joyous, warm, lovingManifest anger vent anger on somebodyDump angerTape scriptSpeaker 1I actually very rarely get anger. I've quite a long tether when it comes to anger, which doesn't mean, I really don't believe I'm suppressing any anger at all, but it manifest itself in a very sarcastic way with me. Like if for example, if I'm buying a railway ticket or something and the guy behind the counter is very surly and you now refuses to treat me like a human being, I won't get angry with him butI'll get very sarcastic with him and try to make very very clever remarks. And that for me severs its purpose. I do feel cleansed after a situation like that. Of course I do sometimes, if it's absolutely necessary I do get very angry, if I'm taken that far. But I certainly don't suppress any anger.Speaker 2Well, my anger is tied up with my sleepless nights. I mean, if I don not sleep well, I wake up in the morning, I am angry. I use any excuse to vent my anger on anybody. If I sleep well, then everything is fine.I'm a joyous, warm, loving person. Sleepless nights, I'm full of anger and my anger does not ebb away unless I use a thing or somebody to vent it upon. As weak as that may sound, that's how I work. And it's terrible sort of admission to make to everybody here. If I'm looking for excuses for having woken up in a particularly bad way, in a way, anger issomething that I have to get out. I do not carry it around by weeping, and like crying. I believe in dumping it.Part III - B1Punch bags with pictures of their bossLaughing at it.Tape script:A: Apparently, I don't know if this is true, but in Japan, iffactory workers get a bit uptight or angry, they can go out into the gym or something which is usually attached to the factory and there are punch bags with pictures of their boss. And they can go and they can spend twenty minutes punching hell out of this punch bag. And they go back to work and they feel great.B: Oh,God yes, well, that brings us on to laughing then. That mademe laugh. C:Well that's one way of dealing with anger as well, I suppose, if you can actually remove yourself from the situation and just laugh at it. I think laughter is one of the most wonderful releases, and I think that it's actually been proved that you know that chemical that is released when you laugh is life-enhancing and life elongating too, you know. It promotes a healthy, a healthier being.Part IVClassifying and organizing ideasAbility, the facts or ideas, are related to one anotherRoman, Arabic, letters, standard form, decreasing importance,capital letters, small letters,To the left, to the right, equal, the same distance, easy to see, the ideas before and after it.No punctuationOutlining, practice.。
英语听力I 教学大纲(step by step)
英语听力I 教学大纲一、课程名称：英语听力（1）二、学时：36三、周课时：3四、教学周：12五、考核方式：考试。
采取平时30%，期末70%的比例平时成绩以小测验，课上完成练习情况和出勤成绩为参考。
六、适用学科专业：商务英语专业大一（1）七、教学目的1.提高学生的初级听力水平，使学生能够听懂篇幅较长、语速较慢的英语电台广播。
2.提高学生的基本听力技巧，培养其良好的听力习惯，逐步改进其听力策略。
帮助学生进行专门的听力技能训练，有计划地提高学生的听力理解水平，并力求促进学生智能的发展，通过较系统、较全面、大强度、高难度地听力训练，提高学生听懂英语对话、短篇讲话、甚至较长讲话的能力。
同时还培养学生以下几个方面的能力：1、学习者的学习策略能力；2、语言尝试能力；3、语言思维能力；4、语言教师的职业能力。
此外，还兼顾文化知识的学习。
最终达到发展学生的独立判断和组织能力的要求。
八、教学形式与要求课程的教学方法直接关系到学生各方面能力的培养与提高。
课堂教学应以学生为主体、教师为主导，改变过去以教师为中心的教学模式，注重培养学生的学习能力和研究能力。
在教学中要多开展以任务为中心的、形式多样的教学活动。
在加强基础训练的同时，采用启发式、讨论式、发现式和研究式的教学方法，充分调动学生学习的积极性，激发学生的学习动机，最大限度地让学生参与学习的全过程。
引导学生主动积极地利用现有图书资料和网上信息，获取知识，并使学生在运用知识的过程中培养各种能力。
同时，要注意教学方法的多样性，要根据不同的教学对象、教学内容、教学目的和要求，选择相应的教学方法，并鼓励教师积极探索新的教学方法。
课堂教学要与学生的课外学习和实践活动相结合。
在提高学生听力水平的过程中，课外学习和实践是课堂教学的延伸与扩展，是培养和发展学生能力的重要途径，应在教师的指导下有目的、有计划、有组织地进行。
课外泛听应以课堂精听教学的内容为基础，激发学生的学习兴趣，以及培养学生的学习能力、语言综合运用能力、组织能力、交际能力、思维能力和创新能力。
step-by-step3000第三册unit2答案及原文
Unit 2Earth and EnvironmentPart 1Warming upA1. ...impact of climate change … damage to crops … worse ...2. ...2000 delegates …northern Brazil … third United NationsConference on Desertification.3. ...A huge oil spill … Mexico, ...4. Wildfires … Florida … contained … a week ...5. ... Greenland is melting around the edges … 50 cubickilometers … raise global sea level ...B1. It attempts to balance environmental concerns and the needsof the community.2. Reptile species are in greater trouble than amphibian species.3. A new approach in the fight against the illegal drugs trade.4. One in every eight species of plants is threatened with extinction.5. A new local directory for the environmentally-aware, calledthe “Boulder County Green Pages”.Tapescripts:1.Australia is the world’s driest continent. Ther e’s generalagreementthat the country has to use water more efficiently. In many part supplies are in crisis.At a meeting in Canberra, the Council of Australian Governments has approved national water plan. It attempts to balance environmental concerns and the needs of the community. The amount of water taken from rivers for commercial use is to be cut and farmers will be compensated.2.The disappearance and deformity of amphibians such as frogsand salamanders from rain forests and mountain lakes worldwide has attracted wide-spread scientific attention over the last decade.Now a new study says reptile species including turtles, snakes, and alligators are in even greater trouble. Twice as many reptiles as amphibians, or some 100 species, are currently listed as endangered by the World Conservation Union. The study says habitat loss and degradation, pollution, disease, climate change, and over-collection for food, pets and drugs are the major threat to reptiles.3.Four regional governors from Columbia, on a visit toWashington, have sharply criticized an American-backed aerial offensive to eradicate thousands of hectares of illegal coke and poppy plantations. At a news conference thegovernors called for a different approach in the fight against the illegal drugs trade, saying that the herbicides currently being used were harmful to public health and the environment.4.Much attention has been devoted to the threatened animalspecies. But what about plants which are the fundamental bases of life? One in every eight species of plants is threatened with extinction. Since all food chains begin in the sphere of plant life, this is bad news for the animals too, including humans who depend on plants not only for food but also for medicines, building materials, and other vital purposes.5.A new local directory for the environmentally-aware is nowavailable, called the “Boulder County Green Pages.” The Rotary Clubs in Boulder County got together with local recycling and environmental specialists to put together this firstever directory. It includes quick reference to green products and services for recycling, xeriscaping, energy conservation, and more. The $5 cost helps raise funds for the sponsoring groups.Part II News ReportsA...Washington … the information economy … deteriorating health of the planet … information economy … communication … education and entertainment … physical exam … vital signs … species … climate … temperatures … water tables … glaciers … forests … fisheries … to stabilize both climate and world population growthTapescript:An annual study by the Worldwatch Institute here in Washington says with the boom in the information economy, Americans have lost sight of the deteriorating health of the planet.State of the World 2000 says the fast growing information economy is affecting every aspect of life, from communication, commerce and work, to education and entertainment.Lead author and Worldwatch President Lester Brown says while Americans generally feel a sense of optimism about the economy, the planet’s health is suffering. He says it is a mistake “to confuse the vibrancy of the virtual world with the increasingly troubled state of the real world.”“We give the earth an annual p hysical, and this book is theresult of that annual physical. We check its vital signs. And almost all those vital signs, whether it’s the number of species, whether it’s the stability of climate, whether it’s the number of species, whether it’s the stabil ity of climate, whether it’s the health of coral reefs, all those trends show deterioration.”Lester Brown says other warning signs are rising temperatures, falling water tables, melting glaciers, shrinking forests and collapsing fisheries. He says the major environmental challenges in the 21st century will be to stabilize both climate and world population growth.Worldwatch Institute President Lester Brown also points out initiatives by multinational corporations to seek energy alternatives. For example, Daimler-Chrysler and Shell Oil are working with the government of Iceland to turn that country into the first hydrogen powered economy.BSummary…the severe shortage of water in some developing nations. … global solutions are found soon.Answers to the questions1. 1502. Monday3. Almost one billion people could suffer from a scarcity of water.4. Middle East, parts of Africa, western Asia, NortheasternChina, western and southern India, large parts of Pakistan and Mexico, parts of the Pacific coast of the United States and South America.5. To treat water as a precious resource.6. 5 liters7. 50 liters8. 500 litersTapescript:The UN water experts are warning that a severe water shortage will have what they call catastrophic consequences in some developing nations unless global solutions are found soon. One hundred and fifty experts around the world will discuss the water situation at a conference beginning Monday in Geneva.A top official from the World Meteorological Organization Arthur Askew says that by the year 2025, almost 1 billion people could be living in areas suffering from a scarcity of water. He says the number could double by the middle of the next century.Mr Askew says one area with serious water problems is the Middle East. But he says officials in the area are already working on ways to deal with the situation.Experts say water shortage problems also could develop in parts of Africa and western Asia as well as northeastern China, western and southern India, large parts of Pakistan and Mexico, and parts of the Pacific coast of the United States and South America. Mr Askew says there’s a moral obligation to treat water as a precious resource and a need to realize that large amounts of water are used often wastefully in food production and manufacturing.“All commodities have used water in their production and you must be aware therefore that if you’re importing food from one country to another you are in fact importing part of the water resources of that country.”Mr Askew also says water shortages lead to a conflict between rural and urban demands.“In many regions of the world, the water crisis is not coming because of human consumption directly for potable water, for drinking, or for sanitary purposes, it’s coming for agriculture. And in general about 80 percent of the water, which is consumed, i. e., is extracted from the rivers or from underground resources and is not returned, is for agriculture. And there’s considerable pressure now on the agricultural sectors to see if they cannot use that water ore efficiently.Mr Askew says it’s estimated that a person needs about 5 liters of water a day to survive, and a person needs about 5 liters of water a day to survive, and a person lives comfortably with about 50 liters a day. But he says people in many countries are using 500 liters of water each day. He says ways must be found to reduce such overuse before it’s too late.Part III City recyclingA a. 2 b. 4 c. 3 d. 1B1.130,000 / 80%2. Plastic / glass / tin cans / newspapers3. Recycle truck pick it up.4. One of community’s recycling centers5. Each weekday6. Conducts tours of the plant7. 3 / 48. Sod to other companies that make them into different products9. Made into new containers10. One of the top five in the USATapescript:The United States is running out of landfill space, places to put its trash.Because of that, more communities are encouraging their residents to recycle, to set aside certain materials that won’t go to the landfill. One area that’s met the recycling challenge head-on, is the southeast City of Charlotte, North Carolina. In just a few years, its recycling program has become one of the country’s most successful.Catherine Smith lives in one of the 130,000 eligible recycling households in Charlotte, North Carolina. Nearly 80 percent of the households participate in the program. Each week, Smith goes to her front porch and fills her red plastic bin with recyclables. “You’ve got any plastic containers marked one or two. You’ve got any glass. The y also recycle tin cans and newspapers. So all of that can go in the curbside pick-up bin.”“Well, this is the easy part. Then someone, ah, driving a Charlotte Mecklenburg ‘Recycle Now’ truck comes and, usually, at some point—tomorrow or Friday—and they pick it up at curbside. And that’s it.”From there, Smith’s cans, bottles, and newspapers are taken to one of the community’s recycling centers. The Cityof Charlotte actually contracts with a private company to process the recyclables.This plant is operated by a company called FCR. The recycling trucks pull into FCR each weekday morning to drop off the used material. Inside, the processing center at FCR is bustling with activity. One of the first things you notice in the 26,000-square-foot facility is a huge mound of materials called the “commingle area.” Basically, it’s a big pile of assorted trash. There are forklifts transporting garbage, and people sorting through it. Paula Hoffman is education coordinator at FCR. She conducts tours of the plant for more than one thousand people a month.“The aluminum cans, the number one and number two plastic containers, the spiral cans, the glass bottles and jars are all mixed together into a huge pile. And…we are receiving about 100 tons a day, which is 200,000 pounds, so you can imagine how many bottles and cans are in that pile.”“Can we walk around a little bit?”“As you can see, the bottles and cans are riding up the conveyor belt, and they’ll end up on a sorting station, where there are twelve workers that will hand-sort the bottles and cans and other containers. As you can see, from the sorting station, they drop their material down a chute into a large container below. The sorting station is on a raised platform.”Across from the sorters and the commingle area is a mound of newspaper. Of the material brought to FCR, three quarters of it is newsprint. It rides a separate conveyor belt, is checked, and is compacted into bales, 11 to 12 hundred pounds each. Back in the quiet of FCR’s audit orium, Paula Hoffman describes what happens to the sorted and processed recyclables the company receives from Catherine Smith and the thousands of other area residents. Hoffman says they’re sold to other companies that then make them into different products.“Your food and beverage glass containers are always made into new food and beverage glass containers. Your aluminum beverage cans are, the biggest percentage of the time, made into new aluminum beverage cans. Twenty five percent of all beverage, Coca-Cola, Pepsi bottles are now made into new Pepsi or Coke bottles. However, a certain percentage is also made into other products such as the fuzz on a tennis ball, carpeting…your number two plastic…a lot of it’s made into plastic wood.” Charlotte, the surrounding county, and FCR are glad to add new recyclables to their program as long as there’s a need for the recycled material. From its high participation rate to the quality end product, Charlotte’s recycling program is considered one of the top five in the nation.But ultimately, the success of the Charlotte area recycling program can be traced to the curbsides of the many individual citizens who, like Catherine Smith, are active participants in program.（注：可编辑下载，若有不当之处，请指正，谢谢!）。
Step_by_step_3000_第二册-_Unit3-答案
Unit 2 All can succeedPart I-A1. in your imaginationthink into the future, possibilities, a positive way, the starting point2. expect to winfulfill the vision3. opportunityrecognize, grab, a risk takerPart I - B1. organizational skills2. results oriented3. open-minded4. in the decision process5. parental and citizen6. innovation and excellence7. the develpment8. Cooperation9. students needs10. ideas and plans11. high quality performance12. directly and clearly13. continuous professional development14. their background or position15. a consensus builder16. leardship skills17. your bond, trustworthy18. the position19. personal integrity20. work well with othersPart I- CEscaped poverty, master's degree, worst slums, overwhelming odds, English universityProspectus leaflet, discarded, set his heart, violent, crime-ridden, 13, principal breadwinner, drugs, beaten, attacked, came close, overdose, gaining a place, a visa, had doubts, genuine student, be rewardedPart II - AA1mum, bringing up 3 childrenphysical disabilities, physical difficulty of arthritis, hold her backa headmistressan actor energy, self-publicistA2F T F FTape script:Speaker 1I think my mum's very successful because she's managed to bring up three children - excellently - in such a horrible society that we live in today. She's taught us to be kind and loving, she taught us to share, she taught us to love our family - be very family-oriented- and I think that's really important.Speaker 2The person that I can think of within my life, well, I probably can think of several but the one that instantly came to mind when you popped this question to me was somebody who lives in Harpenden and who has overcome physical difficulty of arthritis remarkably well, and not allowed it to hold her back any more than is obviously necessary because of her physical disabilities. So I think she's made a very good - a great success of overcoming a difficulty.Speaker 3I think, Mable Davies, here who's very successful. She's a deaf lady who's now the headmistress and I think that must have been hard, so I've got a lot of respect for her, because my parents are also deaf so I know how difficult it is to work your way up having a handicap, so I've got quite a lot admiration to her.Speaker 4I think in professional terms Kenneth Branagh, the actor, has been very successful and I think the reason for this more than anything else is that he's a very good self-publicist. He is undoubtedly a very good actor. I've not seen him on stage, I've seen him on film and he's got an enormous amount of energy and as I say, he's a very good self-publicist.A2Statements:1. According to the first speaker, the most important thing that mum taught her children is to love the family.2. When the second speaker was interviewed, the successful person that immediately came to her mind was the one with arthritis.3. The third speaker has a lot of respect for Mable Davies because she herself is a deaf.4. The fourth speaker thinks that the actor has got an enormous amount of energy as he saw him on stage and on film.Part II- B1subordinate positions, serious responsibility, threshold, broom, sweeping out, salutary branch, future partner, try his hand, sweepersobtain employment, aim high, rest content, thoughts, concerns, at the topprime condition, energy, thought, captital, on that line, the mostscattered their captial, brains, all wrong, watch that basket, take notice, fail, breaks, on his head, apt to tumble, lack of concentrationPart II- B2Part III - B1Joyous, warm, lovingManifest anger vent anger on somebodyDump angerTape scriptSpeaker 1I actually very rarely get anger. I've quite a long tether when it comes to anger, which doesn't mean, I really don't believe I'm suppressing any anger at all, but it manifest itself in a very sarcastic way with me. Like if for example, if I'm buying a railway ticket or something and the guy behind the counter is very surly and you now refuses to treat me like a human being, I won't get angry with him but I'll get very sarcastic with him and try to make very very clever remarks. And that for me severs its purpose. I do feel cleansed after a situation like that. Of course I do sometimes, if it's absolutely necessary I do get very angry, if I'm taken that far. But I certainly don't suppress any anger.Speaker 2Well, my anger is tied up with my sleepless nights. I mean, if I don not sleep well, I wake up in the morning, I am angry. I use any excuse to vent my anger on anybody. If I sleep well, then everything is fine. I'm a joyous, warm, loving person. Sleepless nights, I'm full of anger and my anger does not ebb away unless I use a thing or somebody to vent it upon. As weak as that may sound, that's how I work. And it's terrible sort of admission to make to everybody here. If I'm looking for excuses for having woken up in a particularly bad way, in a way, anger is something that I have to get out. I do not carry it around by weeping, and like crying. I believe in dumping it.Part III - B1Punch bags with pictures of their bossLaughing at it.Tape script:A: Apparently, I don't know if this is true, but in Japan, if factory workers get a bit uptight or angry, they can go out into the gym or something which is usually attached to the factory and there are punch bags with pictures of their boss. And they can go and they can spend twenty minutes punching hell out of this punch bag. And they go back to work and they feel great.B: Oh,God yes, well, that brings us on to laughing then. That made me laugh.C:Well that's one way of dealing with anger as well, I suppose, if you can actually remove yourself from the situation and just laugh at it. I think laughter is one of the most wonderful releases, and I think that it's actually been proved that you know that chemical that is released when you laugh is life-enhancing and life elongating too, you know. It promotes a healthy, a healthier being.Part IVClassifying and organizing ideasAbility, the facts or ideas, are related to one anotherRoman, Arabic, letters, standard form, decreasing importance, capital letters, small letters,To the left, to the right, equal, the same distance, easy to see, the ideas before and after it.No punctuationOutlining, practice.Unit 11Part ITask A8000 miles93 million miles365.25(365 1/4) days864,000 miles; more than 1 million timesaround 6000℃; over 10 million℃thermonuclear processesgives out light; reflects the rays of the sunTask B1. It was launched to fly to the International Space StationOne of Discovery’s fuel tank sensors failed a test2. It has made some of the most detailed pictures ever taken of the planet Jupiter3. They agreed to a new definition of planeteight instead of ninethe dwarf planet4. to make repairs and add new equipment5. small aircraft / very light jetThe new planes will cost up to 50% less than business jets now on the market 6. to provide electricity for science experimentsnext month7. a living room and a command center8. Pathfinder’s 30-day mission on Mars is a 100% success9. NASAat the end of September, 83 days after its landing10. to get a closer look at the most volcanic body in solar systemPart IITask A344 light years huge (like Jupiter)Task B1. F2. F3. T4. FPart IIIthe Compton Gamma Ray Observatoryfall from its orbita remote area in the Pacific Oceandeaths and injuries from the falling debris1. 9 years2. 16 metric tons3. 6 tons4. About 4000 kilometers southeast of Hawaii5. 4100 kilometers long and 26 kilometers wide6. Because one of its three stabilizing gyroscopes had failed in December7. It changed astronomer’s view of the heavens after showing that the entire universe is bathed in the invisible gamma rays.。
stepbystep第一册答案(1-4单元)
stepbystep第一册答案(1-4单元)tepbytep3000第一册答案原文Unit1Part1A:2.oldet,larget,reputation,reearch,cience.3.firt,Autralia,150year,e某cel.4.e某cellence,17.000,locationrget,1883,ituated,26.0006.1636,enrollment,18.500,chool.7.award,degree,20.000B:1:2.700language,7.000dialect.Pronunciation.2:officiallanguage3:Onebillion,20percent4:Fourhundredmillion,firt,600million,econd,foreign.5:500.000 word.Eightypercent.other.7:Africancountry,ame8:1.000,Africa9:pacehip,1977,55,meage,theUnitedNation.C:1-a,2-c,3-d,4-bPart2A251116611/1416511;12/13166about1316A31:GCSEe某amination2:tudent/highereducation3:tudent/econdyear/highchool/college4:generale某am/SchoolCertificate5:ittingUniverityEntranceE某amination6:bachelor’degree:3/4yearMater’degree:anotheryearortwoDoctorate:afurther3-7yeartepbytep3000第一册答案原文B:B1:Idiom,largetvocabulary FrenchInSpelling￡pronunciation B2:FTFPartⅢA1:ⅠA:Age DForeigntudentpopulation ⅡA:2:15hr(＋2or3forlab) 3:a:＋100b:Dicuiongroup15-20c:muchmaller4:informal,friendly6:2-3hr:1hrA2:ⅡB:2:E某amination4:QuizzeC:regularattendanceⅢGraduatechoolC:SeminarD:omeareaofinteretE:areearchpaperB:B2:Agoodtudent:makemitake,everynewthing,thelanguage.Workingouti detheclaroom.Abadtudent:Paive,theteacher.Stickhineckout,morelikelytoberig htthanhimelf.PartⅣA:1gate2theHitoryDepartment3thePychologyDepartmenttepbytep3000第一册答案原文4heLibrary5theEducationDepartment6thePhiloophyDepartment7theGeographyDepartment8theSportGround9theForeignLanguageDepartment10theChineeDepartment11thePhyicDepartment12theMathematicDepartment13theChemitryDepartment14theClinic15theAuditorium16theAdminitrationBuildingB:RobertMartinBiology,ne某tfall,i某yearinapublicchoolinthehometown;twoyearinamilitarychool;highchoo linthehometown.Science(biologyinparticular),port.Unit2PartⅠ16.998.00064.186.300840.0003.320.000 143.24432.4832.966.0005.105.700 29.028ˉ1.3125.31536.1984.145B1.243.738.000955.220.000267.901.000199.867.000159.884.000147.105.000138.150.000125.638.000118.369.000tepbytep3000第一册答案原文96.400.00082.071.000C1.Chinee1.300million2.Spanih332million3.Englih322million4.189million5.182million6170million7.Ruian170million8Japanee125million9Germon98million10.75.5million11.Korean75million12.French.72million13.Vietnamee.67million14.66million15.64million16.63million17.Turkih59million1858million19.44million20.Polih44million21.Arabic42.5million22.41millionPartⅡA:1.Ababyboy2.ocial,ecological,population3.longer,healthierB:1:b2:c3:aPartⅢA:water,70%,redorbrown,plantcover,now,continent,iland,armoft heocean,connecting,achannel,valley,plain.B:in1950:NewYork,12millionLondon:2,10millionCalcutta:10,Tokyo:3tepbytep3000第一册答案原文In2000:NewYork:6Calcutta:4,16millionTokyo:18million1.Me某icoCity2.SaoPaulo3.RiodeJaneiro4.Bombay5.Delhi6.Shanghai7.SeoulPartⅣUnit3A:BA912,11:2022BA87711:2022BA29211:2519TW69511:30164EA83111:3524BA8389IB29011:3515LH03911:409BA66611:4018AI1416BA56022B:Drink:TeaSoftdrinkCoffeeFood:Eggandtomato;Hamandtomato;Roatchicken;Cheeeburger PartⅡ9:1510:3010:3013:30Advantage:byplane:Quick/beautifulviewBytrain:quitecrowed/quitee某penivetepbytep3000第一册答案原文PartⅢCuter1cutomer2Sep.4-Sep.17Aug.5-Aug.182dobleand1ingle1doubleand1bigbedroomwith2inglebedandaofa31fullbathroom3(kitchen,diningroom,ittingroom)2(kitchen,living-ittingroom)√某√(i某dayaweek)某￡80foraFieta￡98foraFieta√√￡570￡270B:b;dUnit4PartⅠA1.Argentina:Atieitooperonal(1)2..Roemeanlove(2)3,Evennumber(2.4.6,rtc)areunlucky.(2)4.Japaneepeopleuuallydon’tgivefourofanythingaagift.（2）B1.Japan，Korea2.Brazil,Ruia3.Canada,theU.S4.Egypt,Me某icoC1.February14，European,NorthAmerican2.March2,Japan3.May5,Japan4,May5China5.Augut15China6.April1，European,NorthAmerican7.July14,France8.December26，Britain,Canada9.May1,European,Canal,Philipine,LatinAmerican10November25,France11.March17Irelandtepbytep3000第一册答案原文12．the2ndSundayinMay,England,France,India,ChinaA1:1.changed,few,bored,rainy2.mueumdirector,whattheyareeeing.3.providefun,feelathomeA2:electricity/pa/body17thcenturyintrument/muicputoncotume/theStockholmOperabone-by-boneA3:ⅠnewaudienceA:theyoungC:theleeducatedmemberⅡ:A.rebuiltB.1.modern2.a.lighting,colorandoundb.fewerobjectⅢA:guidedB:touch,liten,operateande某periment;cientificprincipleⅣ.educational;departmentB:danceB:quid;hinameC:C1:a.vendorb.fortunec.eatinga.treetperformerb.portraitpaintingC2:1.a.pecialpower/attractmenb.object/fornakebite2.hell/onacloth/thewaytheyland3.roundcake/beanflour/hotpice/fried4.a.folkinger/guitarb.claicalmuiciantepbytep3000第一册答案原文c.actor5.practicedrawingandpaintingA.A2.1.muchbuier;Monday…Saturday2.humidandhot4.muchcolder,＿30℃5.muchflatter;beautiful6.mountainou7.higher;rocky8.morecrowed9.maller10.tallerB.Getureofapproval:1.ThumbupinFrance,latinAmerican2.Twothumb:Kenya3.Tuniia4.Greece5.Lebanon,Iran6.Tonga7.Italy8.EuropeLatinAmerica9.Me某ico,CotaRica,Japan10.Bolivia,Hondura,Lebanon11.Barbado12.Bangladeh13.Greece,Iran.ItalyPartⅣB:1-g;2-f;3-j;4-I;5-e;6-b;7-h;8-a;9-d;10-cFFTTF。
(完整版)step by step 3000第二册答案
Unit 1 Happy Family Life SpeakingTopic 1春节词汇 Spring Festival Words节日名 Greeting season春节 The Spring Festival农历 lunar calendar正月 lunar January; the first month by lunar calendar除夕New Year’s Eve; eve of lunar New Year 初一 the beginning of New Year元宵节 The Lantern Festival习俗 Customs过年 Guo—nian； have the Spring Festival对联 poetic couplet: two successive rhyming lines in poetry春联 Spring Festival couplets剪纸 paper—cuts年画 New Year paintings买年货special purchases for the Spring Festival ; do Spring Festival shopping敬酒 propose a toast灯笼 lantern: a portable light烟花 fireworks爆竹firecrackers （People scare off evil spirits and ghosts with the loud pop.)舞狮 lion dance （The lion is believed to be able to dispel evil and bring good luck。
) 舞龙 dragon dance （to expect good weather and good harvests）戏曲 traditional opera杂耍 variety show； vaudeville灯谜 riddles written on lanterns灯会 exhibit of lanterns守岁 staying-up拜年pay New Year's call; give New Year's greetings；New Year’s visit禁忌 taboo去晦气 get rid of the ill— fortune祭祖宗offer sacrifices to one’s ancestors 压岁钱 red envelopes/red packets/a cash gift; gift money； money given to children as lunar New Year gift 辞旧岁 bid farewell to the old year扫房 spring cleaning； general house-cleaning 祝福语 Blessings金玉满堂 Treasures fill the home生意兴隆 Business flourishes岁岁平安 Peace all year round恭喜发财 Wishing you prosperity和气生财 Harmony brings wealth心想事成 May all your wishes come true吉祥如意 Everything goes well国泰民安 The country flourishes and people live in peace招财进宝 Money and treasures will be plentiful 一帆风顺 Wishing you every success步步高升 Promoting to a higher position出入平安 Safe trip wherever you go祝您新的一年快乐幸福！Wish you happiness and prosperity in the coming year！祝您事业成功，家庭美满 Wish you success in your career and happiness of your family!食品 Food年糕 Nian—gao; rise cake; New Year cake团圆饭 family reunion dinner年夜饭 the dinner on New Year's Eve饺子 Jiao—zi; Chinese meat ravioli汤圆 Tang-yuan; dumplings made of sweet rice, rolled into balls and stuffed with either sweet or spicy fillings糖果盘 candy tray什锦糖 assorted candies - sweet and fortune 蜜冬瓜 candied winter melon —growth and good health金桔 cumquat - prosperity糖莲子 candied lotus seed - many descendents to come糖藕candied lotus root - fulfilling love relationship红枣 red dates - prosperity花生糖 peanut candy — sweetTraditions and cultures of Spring FestivalThe Spring Festival is the most important festival for the Chinese people and is when all family members get together, just like Christmas in the West. All people living away from home go back, becoming the busiest time for transportation systems of about half a month from the Spring Festival。
英语3000 step by step Part2 以及多维教程熟谙课后翻译
UNIT1Part II News reportsSummary:This news report tells us that the United Nations General Assembly has elected Columbia, Ireland, Mauritius, Norway and Singapore as its new non-permanent members of the Security Council.Statements:1. Columbia, Ireland, and Singapore won their seats as nonpermanent members of the Security Council on the first round of balloting while Mauritius and Norway won their seats on the fourth ballot.2. Sudan and Mauritius are two candidates for the second seat for the African and Asian group.3. There were three countries contending for the two seats allotted to the western industrialized group of nations.4. The Security Council is made up of 15 members, including five permanent members -- China, France, Great Britain, Russia, and the United States--and 10 non-permanent members.Tapescript:The United Nations General Assembly has elected' Columbia, Ireland, Mauritius, Norway and Singapore as the new non-permanent members of the Security Council. The vote follows several weeks of haggling and maneuvering.Columbia, Ireland, and Singapore won the required two thirds majority on the first round of balloting. But it took another three rounds of voting to decide on the remaining two regional seats.Contention marked the voting for the second seat for the African and Asian group. The United States lobbied intensely against Sudan, the candidate of the Organization of African Unity. Mauritius, the candidate supported by Washington, won on the fourth round of voting.Ireland easily captured one of the two seats allotted to the western industrialized group of nations on the first ballot. But Norway and Italy campaigned vigorously for the second spot. King Harald of Norway came to New York last week to press the case for his nation's representation on the Security Council for the first time since 1982. Norway also won on the fourth ballot. The new members begin their two-year terms in January. The Security Council is made up of a total of 15 members, including five permanent members -- China, France, Great Britain, Russia, and the United States -- and 10 non-permanent members. Five non-permanent members are elected to two-year terms each year.B SummaryThis news report tells us that the United Nations Human Rights Commission was going to hold an emergency meeting to deal with the crisis situation between Israelis and Palestinians.Answers to the questions:1. 532.483.34. The United States5.Canada6.October 18th7.No more than three days8. To get the Israelis and Palestinians back to the negotiating table9. 4 / Bosnian war / genocide in Rwanda / violence in East TimorForty-eight of the ( United Nations Human Rights Commission's) 53 member nations voted to hold the emergency meeting. The United States cast the sole dissenting vote and Canada abstained. Three other countries did not vote.The special meeting will begin October 18th and will last for no more than three days.UN spokeswoman Marie Heuze says one purpose of the meeting is to try to learn how the cycle of violence between Israelis and Palestinians can be stopped."When you have such a high-profile for a crisis which is so dangerous, not only for the people in Palestine and in Israel, but in the region, there is a fear -- and this is probably why there was a large consensus on this meeting to discuss the issue -- because the situation in this part of the world is so volatile, so dangerous, so important to control that everybody thinks that they have something to contribute."MsHeuze says she thinks the United Nations and the international community as a whole can play a constructive role in the present situation and in trying to get the Israelis and Palestinians back to the negotiating table. Officials from the UN Human Rights Commission will discuss the agenda toward the meeting on Wednesday.This is only the fifth time the commission has gone into emergency meeting to deal with a crisis situation. Previous sessions dealt with the Bosnian war, the genocide in Rwanda, and the violence in East Timor.Questions:1. How many members are there in the UN Human Rights Commission?2. How many of them voted to hold the emergency meeting?3. How many of them didn't vote?4. Which country cast the dissenting vote?5. Which country abstained?6. When will the meeting begin?7. How long will it last? 8. What's the purpose of this meeting?9. How many emergency meetings have been held before this one?What were the three crisis situations that they dealt with?UNIT2Part II News ReportsA ...Washington … the information economy … deteriorating health of the planet … information economy … communication … education and entertainment … physical exam … vital signs … species … climate … temperatures … water tables … glaciers … forests … fisheries … to stabilize both climate and world population growthB Summary… the severe shortage of water in some developing nations. … global solutions are found soon.Answers to the questions1.1502. Monday3. Almost one billion people couldsuffer from a scarcity of water.4. Middle East, parts of Africa, western Asia, Northeastern China, western and southern India, large parts of Pakistan and Mexico, parts of the Pacific coast of the United States and South America.5.To treat water as a precious resource.6. 5 liters7. 50liters 8. 500 litersUNIT3Part II News reportsA Summary:This news report is about Forbes's "Super 100 Global" list.Answer the questions:1. Which of the following corporations are the top five on Forbes's list? Mark their ranks.2 Citigroup 4 HSBC Banking Company -- BP-Amoco5 Daimler-Chrysler 1 General Electric Corporation Microsoft 3 Bank of America2. How are the companies ranked?The companies are ranked with a composite formula, which includes total sales, profits, assets and market capitalization, or the total value of their stock.3. How are the 100 companies distributed?46 in the United States, 54 in Europe and Japan.4. Why were none of the Internet-related firms included in the list? Because most of the Internet-related firms have little or no profits so far. Tapescripts:For the second year in a row, the General Electric Corporation is ranked number one in an annual survey of the 100 most powerful corporations in the world. The survey, compiled and published by Forbes business magazine, shows General Electric of the United States ranked number one, followed in second and third place by the U.S. banking and financial services giants Citigroup and Bank of America. In fourth and fifth place are the British-based HSBC Banking Company and Daimler-Chrysler, the German-American auto-company. The companies are ranked with a composite formula, which includes total sales, profits, assets and market capitalization, or the total value of its (their) stock. What the magazine calls its "Super 100 Global" list are 46 companies based in the United States and 54 in Europe and Japan. Mike Ozanian, the Forbes editor who compiled the list, says there is a growing trend of international mergers and acquisitions, citing companies such as Daimler-Chrysler and BP-Amoco, the Anglo-American Oil Company. Mr. Ozanian says that despite the huge capitalizations of many Internet-related firms, none were included because most have little, if any, profits -- at least not yet.B Summary:This news report gives us a general picture of the U.S. stock market. It also presents some analysts' views on the market.Statements:1. The Dow Jones Industrial Average went up less than one percent, to 10,546.2. An analyst said that sales growth at Intel could be stronger than expected.3. Retail stocks gained on stronger-than-expected sales because of the Thanksgiving holiday shopping season.4. Sales of existing homes fell a steep 3.9% in October, their second monthly decline.5. According to investment strategist Alan Skrainka, this is a very good entry point for a long-term investor to get into the market.Tapescript:U.S. stock prices were mixed on Monday, with the "blue-chips" in a rally mode. But volume was only moderate after a holiday-shortened week last week, showing lingering uncertainty among investors.The Dow Jones Industrial Average went up 75 points, less than one percent, to 10,546. The S & P 500 Index gained 7 points. But the NASDAQ Composite backed off an early rally, taking a loss of almost one percent on weakness in selected technology stocks.The Dow Industrials actually got a boost from their technology components.Shares of Intel traded higher after an analyst said sales growth at the leading computer chip-maker could be stronger than expected. Microsoft stock also edged higher.Retail stocks gained on stronger-than-expected sales over the Thanksgiving weekend, as the holiday shopping season got underway. However, analysts caution the retail picture is still clouded because many stores offered bargains to attract shoppers. Experts worry that higher oil prices and interest rates will make this a less than merry Christmas season for U.S. merchants.The latest on the U.S. economy points to slower growth. Sales of existing homes fell a steep 3.9 percent in October, their second monthly decline. Many analysts think uncertainty over the economy makes it increasingly likely that the major stock averages will close lower for the year. But investment strategist Alan Skrainka says the longer-term looks better. "No one can guess what will happen to the market over the next month. But over the long-term, we think the market looks very good. If you're a long-term investor, this is a very good entry point for getting into the market because this is what you've been waiting for. All the fear and uncertainty in the marketplace is setting us up for some very good values in the market."UNIT4Part II News reportsASummary :… the smallest a nd most earth-like extra solar planet.Answers to questions:1.About a dozen.2. Five times the mass of the earth.3. A reddwarf.4.Two.5. One is similar to Neptune and the other is 8 timesthe mass of the earth.BEvent : NASA’s 12-year program of Mars • Starting time: 1996• Finishing time: 2008 First installment:• Names of spacecrafts: the Mars Global Surveyor Orbiter / the Pathfinder Lander• Arrival time: 1997 • Mission: To collect and analyze rocksSecond installment:• Names of spacecr afts: the Polar Lander / the Mars Climate Orbiter• Launch time:December • Arrival time: Next DecemberMission:a.To inspect for subsurface waterb.To measure the distribution of water vapor, dust andcondensatesGrand finale: • Launch time: 2005 • Return time: 2008• Mission: To return soil and rock samples to Earth.UNIT5Part II（答案见听力原文中的红色部分）In North Beach in San Francisco, where some pretty super food gets served every night.“Absolutely very super food!” “and I really like the taste of it”But we’re not just talking about taste. Research now shows that some foods, including tomatoes, onions, garlic, and olive oil ---- are among the super foods. Super foods are packed with powerful chemicals that mayoffer your body great protection against chronic disease“Including cancer, obesity, heart disease. Vibrantly colored red, yellow, orange and green all giving you different types of phytochemicals.”Natalie Ledsma is a registered dietician at U. C. S. F. she says compounds found in super foods --- called phytochemicals ---- can reduce the risk of cancer, boost the immune system, and protect the heart. She showed us what everyone should try to eat each week for optimal health.One her shoppinglist? Herbs!“Dark green ones (herbs), like rosema ry and thyme, and any intensly colored spice, like turmeric or red pepper.”“Both of those have anti-inflammatory properties.”Turmeric many reduce the risk of leukemia, skin, and liver cancers. Hot peppers may reduce the risk of colon, stomach, and rectal cancers. Also on the list: green veggies. But not just nay green veggy.“Brussels sprouts are part of the cruciferous vegetable family that has significant anti-cancer properties, and that family also has a very favorable effect on hormone metabolis m.”Other cruciferous veggies include cabbage, broccoli, and cauliflower. And don’t forget the tomato.“it is probably the best source of lycopene, which is one of the phytochemicals that has shown significant anticancer properties, especially with pr ostate and potentially lung and breast cancer as well.”As for fruit, citrus contains Vitamins C, limonoids, and phenols, which inactivate cancer cells and strengthen the immune system. Cantaloupes, mangos and carrots contain cancer-fighting carotenoids. And berries are bursting with flavonoids and ellagic acid ---- antioxidants that protect against cancer, ulcers, and viruses. Natalie recommends organic.“Organic fruits and vegetables have shown not only to have lower pesticide toxicities and lower pesticide levels, but also now have been shown to have higher phytochemical content.”Don’t forget the fatty fish or flaxseed ---- both are excellent source of Omega 3 fatty acids that inhibit the growth of cancer cells and boost the immune system, olive oil, which may reduce breast, prostate, or colon cancer, and soy.“soy has protective effects for heart disease as well as osteoporosis, potentially.”And finally onions, garlic, and shallots. They may protect the heart fight cancer, and help with asthma.BI.Harvard Medical SchoolII.Borderline high blood pressureIII.10 /7IV.Cardiovascular / by a quarterChances of dying from cardiovascular disease falling by 5/1V.A: no more than 3 gramsB: fast foodC: labelsD: fresh fruit and vegetables听力原文：Salt is crucial to our health, but too much of it can put human at risk from high blood pressure, heart disease and stroke. Many reports, researchers at Harvard Medical School say the significant reduction in salt intake can cut the chances of heart disease and strokes by a quarter. Here isour health correspondent, Adam Brimelow.It’s long been known that cutting salt can reduce blood pressure. But there has been much less evidence of what it means for cardiovascular disease, including heart attacks and strokes. The Harvard team followed up people with borderline high blood pressure, who had taken in part in two salt reduction studies, typically cutting intake from 10 to 7 grams a day. The risk of developing cardiovascular disease over the next decade or so was cut by a quarter compared with those who did not reduce their salt intake. And their chances of dying from cardiovascular disease fell by 5/1. In developed countries such as the United States and the UK, the average adult daily salt intake is about 10 grams. Much of this is already in the food that people buy, including processed foods and bread. Many experts say no one should have more than 3 grams. They say the best way to cut salt, is to get away from fast food, check labels and have plenty of fresh fruit and vegetable. Adam Brimelow reporting.UNIT6Part IIA:1.identify, Catalog, map and analyze / 100,0002.A: a piece of DNA, the basic Molecule of lifeB: on chromosomes in every cellsC: produce chemical instructions the cell needs in order to build and run the human body.III: SignificanceA: cure or prevent B: desirable genetic traitsC: the brain, consciousness and the mind D: a scientific description IV controversy Abuse 2.warfare听力原文：The goal of the human genome project initiated in the early 1990s is to identify, catalog, map and analyze every one of the estimated 100,000 genes in the human body. If the multi-billion-dollar project is successful, its effects may be as fundamental to the human future as the discovery of fire and seed agriculture once were.To understand the significance of the human genome project, it is necessary to know that each gene is a piece of DNA, the basic molecule of life. Genes are located on chromosomes that in turn reside in every cell in arrangements similar to the alternately colored rungs on a ladder. The sequence of genetic rungs produces the chemical instructions the cells need in order to build and run the human body. By identifying the location and makeup of each gene, the genome project should help scientists cure orUNIT7Part II New Ways to communicateA11.When a friend is online2. 1.6milion3.3,0004.you can only contact someone (on the same network asyou. )using the same programugh out loud.A2Online / popular / take off / signing up / by / make upObvious / one very important disadvantage / bright / voice converstation / swap / funnyWhen you meet someone for the first time，do you ask their ASL? Do you LOL if they come out with something funny, and say CU L8er when you finish the conversation? If you know what I’m talking about, then you are probably already a user of instant messaging, or IM.The idea behind IM is simple. A program on your computer tells you when a friend is online. You can then send a message to your friend, who can type a reply instantly. To do this, you need an IM program. Worldwide, AIM, the instant messaging service provided by AOL, is by far the most popular. It has 195 million users who send about 1.6 billion messages every day. ICQ, which is owned by AOL, has about 140 million messengers, and MSN and Windows IM make up about 75 million users. The advantage over e-mail is that with instant messaging you know you’re likely to get a reply. IM is already hugely popular in the USA, where people spend five times more time online than in Europe. However, IM is starting to take off in the UK, with over 3,000 people signing up to MSN Messenger alone every day. While the plus points of IM are obvious, there is one very important disadvantage: you can only contact someone on the same network as you. If your friend is using AIM, and you are using MSN, you cannot talk to each other. This makes IM less useful than it should be. Imagine if you couldn’t send an e-mail form hotmail to yahoo. However, things look like they’ll change soon. In general, the future looks bright for IM. Lots of programs also allow you to have voice conversations, video conferencing ---- this means you can see the other person using a webcam ---- and also let you swap pictures, music and other files.So, perhaps we’ll all soon be asking someone’s age, sex and location (ASL), and laughing out loud (LOL) when they say something funny. See you later (CU L8er).B: How do you meet new people, make new friends, or find out about the latest bands? Here in the UK young people have traditionally done their socializing in bars, pubs and clubs.However there is a new generation growing up that finds it easier to manage their social lives on the net, using free websites like MySpace, Bebo or MSN Spaces.Welcome to the social networking website ---- a place where you can present yourself to the digital community and meet other like-minded people.The most successful social networking website in the UK is MySpac . as of July 2006, MySpace is the world’s fourth most popular English-language website, attracting almost 3 million visitors per month. Myspace claims to have 95 million members with 500,000 new members joining the community each week.So how has it become to successful? Perhaps its secret is in its simplicity. Each new member can build their own page simply --- uploading photos, videos and MP3 files. Then they describe themselves, listing their likes, dislikes, favorite bands, relatio nship status, etc. it’s an easy way to hook up with people who share your interest.Briana Dougherty, a 25-year-old MySpace devotee, told us, “It’s a casual way to stay in contact without appearing weird. ” it seems that many people do not feel comfortable giving out their phone number or personal e-mail address to new acquaintances but are perfectly happy to trade MySpace profilesWhile socializing is the key to MySpace’s success, love of music is at the heart of the community. Indeed, most aspiring musicians in the UK upload their songs to the site, and with good reason: unsigned artists, Arctic Monkeys and Lilly Allen created such a buzz on the site that they were offered recording contracts and scored number one hits.Social network sites could be a great place to practice your English. Why not give it a try? You can tell us about your experience by filing in the new comments form at the top of the screen.Statements:1.Most young people in the UK make new friends at work.2.Yahoo and Google are social networking sites.3.MySpace is one of the top five English-language website.4.New brands put their music on the web for people to listen to.ers of social networks usually pay for the service.UNIT8Part II eco-conscious constructionA The world’s first eco-city / off the coast Agricultural land / half a million / $1.3 billion / a sustainability consultant Sustainable developmentA more ecologically friendly model / minimize impact on nature /solar and wind power / power and fertilizers / electric carsB1.1. a dream-house which is sustainable by the environment ----- an environmentally-sustainable dream-house2. windows that face south -- south-facing windows3. a kitchen that is well lit -- a well-lit kitchen4. paint that is based on milk or uses milk as a base ---- milk-based paint5. solutions which are beneficial to the environment -- environmentally-beneficial solutionsTapescript.1. Architect Jim Logan is building his environmentally-sustainable dream-house at the site of a former commune a few miles north of Boulder.2. As you drive onto the small farm property, you're immediately struck bya series of large south-facing windows.3. Walk through the well-lit kitchen, and you'll see that even the north side of the building has a passive solar component.4. In all facets of construction, Logan is emphasizing both biodegradable building products and nontoxic materials. He's using milk-based paint, for example.5. In many cases, many environmentally-beneficial solutions pay for themselves in as little as 6 or 7 or 8 months.Tapescript.1. Logan has incorporated nearly every aspect of a modern eco-conscious design.2. Every room in this house has a window that faces south, regardless of where it's located.3. All the rooms in the house have both day-lighting, which means that there's ample light coming in high into the room so that we don't need to use electric lights during the day.4. As a result, Logan's house will have neither a furnace nor air-conditioning.5. The so-called super-insulation is required to store the solar heat.6. Logan is also using thermal mass, or dirt, to keep the house both warm in the winter and cool in the summer.7. He's using milk-based paint, for example, and relatively little of that.8. This room and the inside of this room -- virtually all the finishes did not need to be painted.9. Painting is a fairly un-environmental act in that it is something that involves chemistry.10. Initially, Logan will get all his water from a well.11. The roof has gutters and will eventually collect rainwater for general use.B3. Main features:south-facing windows: day-lighting, solar heat no furnaceno air-conditioning solar heater: hot waterthree-foot outside walls: adobe + insulation + adobe thermal mass milk-based paintceiling: galvanized inside wall: plaster no carpetnot connected to a water system: well, rainwaterTapescript:A--Alan J--Jones L--LoganA: Many environmentalists and energy experts say that the wave of the future won't be any one miracle cure, but rather overall conservation of available resources. The approach is being spearheaded by a quiet revolution in the eco-conscious construction business. Colorado Public Radio's Peter Jones recently visited a building site near Boulder and brings us this report.J: Architect Jim Logan is building his environmentally sustainable dream-house at the site of a former commune a few miles north of Boulder. Logan has incorporated nearly every aspect of a modern eco-conscious design. As you drive onto the small farm property, you're immediately struck by a series of large south-facing windows. Walk through the well-lit kitchen, and you'll see that even the north side of the building has a passive solar component.L: Every room in this house has a window that faces south, regardless of where it's located, so all the rooms in the house have both day-lighting, which means that there's ample light coming in high into the room so that we don't need to use electric lights during the day, and also have south-facing glass that provides solar heat.J: As a result, Logan's house will have neither a furnace nor air-conditioning. For hot water, he'll tee an active solar heater. But efficient use of the sun is only one of the building's many eco-conscious features.L: The outside walls -- if you include a foot of adobe, a foot of insulation, and another foot of adobe- are three feet thick.J: The so-called super-insulation is required to store the solar heat, but Logan is also using thermal mass, or dirt, to keep the house both warm in the winter and cool in the summer.J: In all facets of construction, Logan is emphasizing both biodegradable building products and nontoxic materials. He's using milk-based paint, for example, and relatively little of that.L: This room and the inside of this room- virtually all the finishes did not need to be painted. The ceiling is made out of galvanized metal and the walls are plaster. Painting is a fairly un-environmental act in that it is something that involves chemistry, it involves doing it over and over many times in the lifetime of the building.J: And don't look for any carpeting in Logan's house.L: Well even if carpet is made from recycled material, it still can't be recycled the second time currently, so carpet virtually always gets thrown away. Also, most carpet gives off volatile organic compounds.J: Initially, Logan will get all his water from a well. The house won't be connected to a city water system. But he says the roof has gutters and will eventually collect rainwater for general use. Logan is paying $75 a square foot to build his house, and estimates environmental features added 10 - 15% to the up-front costs. But he says he'll save money in the long run.L: In many cases, many environmentally-beneficial solutions pay for themselves in as little as 6 or 7 or 8 months. A low-flow showerhead in most situations will pay for itself in a month.UNIT9PART IIIn 1888, Boston, Massachusetts, became the first American city to replace horse-drawn trolleys with electric streetcars. Streetcars, which look similar to train passenger coaches, clanged their bells, rattled around the corners and crried almost 14 billion riders at their height in 1920.old photos show overhead vires crisscrossing almost every US city. Then streetcars ridership replaced trolleys steadily as Americans took to automobiles and communities replaced trolleys with buses. But now it seems cities can’t lay streetcars tracks fast enough.So why is the number of US cities running streetcars and other light rail systems now up to 19? Why are 43 other cities building or drawing plans for light rail lines?Dan Tangherlini is acting dicrestor of Wanshington D.C.’s Transportation Department.:Many cities are beginning to re-evaluate that decision to move away from streetcars. We look at current bus ridership members, and many of the routes that have the highest bus ridership were some of our most popular streetcar routes. So there goes the notiong that the buses are providing increased flexibility, at least on those roads. And so maybe there’s something between the very expensive subway systems, which cost between 140 and 200 million dollars a mile and the bus route. And that’s what we’re beginning to ask.Streetcar lines cost less than 10 million dollars a mile to build. Washington is the latest city to announce it is studying the feasibility of bringing back streetcars, even though it already it already enjoys a fast-moving regional subway system called “metro” that runs through several parts of the city.Across country in Washington D.C., Bill Lind works for a conservative think tank called the Free Congress Foundation. The organization has printed several studies supporting light rail transit, including streetcars.“The old rationale for getting rid of the streetcars is that they get in the way of the automobiles. But what we found is that the automobile, generally with one person per car, is probably the least efficient way to use the limited amount of space you have on urban streets. If you’ve got 50 people on board a streetcar, you’re doing a lot better job of making use of the street space you have.”Even if Washington’s transit department gets the green light to bring back streetcars, it’s likely to be at least ten years before Mr. Lind and his neighbor will be riding them. The city has to secure federal funding for a。
英语听力入门3000 Step by step 3000 Unit 2
Largest peninsula
Arabia
____________ sq. mi.
Largest desert
Sahara
____________ sq. mi.
Biggest saltwater lake Caspian Sea
____________ sq. mi.
Biggest fresh water lake Superior
Dead Sea
____________ feet
Deepest lake
Baykal
____________ feet
Deepest oceanic trench Mariana
____________ feet
Longest river
Nile
____________ miles
Tapescript: • The biggest continent in the world is Asia. It covers 16,998,000
Tapescript:
• The country with the largest population in the world is China. According to the 1997 census, the total population was 1,243,738,000.
• The second largest in population is India. It listed a population of 955,220,000 in 1997.
Features of the earth
Part IV Short talks on listening skills:
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
课题Unit 2 Earth and Environment授课时间
教学目的Help the students to become familiar with the key words, vocabulary and numbers in describing earth and environment.
Help the students to commend the listening skills and cultures involved in talking about earth and environment.
Help the students to talk about earth and environment.
教学重点Learn how to ask about earth and environment
Get familiar with the situation in which the people talk about earth and environment.
教学难点Help the students recognize the differences of pronunciations between British English and American English in talking about earth and environment.
教学过程
教学环节教学内容教学方法、手段及时间分配
Teaching Steps: Part I Warming up Part I Warming up:
Word study Functional listening
Peninsula altitude trench Greenland the Nile
The Caspian Sea Lake Superior Indonesia Pakistan
Language check
A
1. ...impact of climate change … damage to crops …
worse ...
2. ...2000 delegates … northern Brazil … third United Nations
Conference on Desertification.
3. ...A huge oil spill … Mexico, ...
4. Wildfires … Florida … contained … a week ...
5. ... Gre enland is melting around the edges … 50 cubic
kilometers … raise global sea level ...
B
1. It attempts to balance environmental concerns and the needs
of the community.
2. Reptile species are in greater trouble than amphibian
Teaching
Approaches:
Multimedia
aided
instructions
Task-based
practices
精听与泛听相
结合
Part II News Report species.
3. A new approach in the fight against the illegal drugs trade.
4. One in every eight species of plants is threatened with extinction.
5. A new local directory for the environmentally-aware, called the “Boulder County Green Pages”.
Controlled practice
Questions and Answers
Background culture
The countries with the biggest areas and the largest populations.
Part II News Report :
Word study Functional listening
Birth control global control ecological momentum Demography level off
Language check
A
...Washington … the information economy … deteriorating health of the planet … information economy … communication … education and entertainment … physical exam … vital signs … species … climate … temperatures … water tables … glaciers … forests … fisheries … to stabili ze both climate and world population growth
B Summary
… the severe shortage of water in some developing nations. … global solutions are found soon.
Answers to the questions
150
2. Monday
3. Almost one billion people could suffer from a scarcity of water.
4. Middle East, parts of Africa, western Asia, Northeastern China, western and southern India, large parts of Pakistan and Mexico, parts of the Pacific coast of the United States and South America.
Part III City recycling
To treat water as a precious resource.
5 liters
50 liters
500 liters
Controlled practice
Questions and Answers
Background culture
Comparisons of India and China.
Part III City recycling
A a. 2 b. 4 c. 3 d. 1
B
130,000 / 80%
2. Plastic / glass / tin cans / newspapers
3. Recycle truck pick it up.
4. One of community’s recycling centers
5. Each weekday
6. Conducts tours of the plant
7. 3 / 4
8. Sod to other companies that make them into different products
9. Made into new containers
10. One of the top five in the USA
课堂小结
作业
Dictation: Section B of Part II
板书设计Unit 2 Earth and Environment Part I Warming up
Part II News Report
Part III City Recycling
教学反思。