华东交通大学3002现代控制理论2017年考博真题试卷
2017年全国硕士研究生统一入学考试自命题试题.doc
某公司需制定今后四个月的生产计划。各月的需求量分别是650，800，900和1200件。该公司每月的正常生产能力为：前两个月700件，后两个月800件，且前两个月的正常生产成本为每件160元，后两个月的正常生产成本为每件180元。在第2月和第3月可以加班生产，加班生产后每月增加400件，但是生产成本比正常生产时高出50元。过剩产品的单位存储费用为每月20元。用运输模型来建立使总成本最小的求解模型，并运用MC方法求一个初始可行解。
A.30,000件B.40,000件C.50,000件D.60,000件
3.下述哪项活动和领导职能无关？（）。
A.向下属传达自己对销售工作目标的认识
B.与某用户谈判以期达成一项长期销售计划
C.召集各地分公司经理探讨和协调销售计划的落实情况
D.召集公司有关部门的职能人员开联谊会，鼓励他们克服难关
4、“运筹帷幄之中，决胜千里之外”，这里的“运筹帷幄”反映了管理的哪一个职能？（）。
2017年全国硕士研究生统一入学考试自命题试题
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学科与专业名称：管理科学与工程
考试科目代码与名称：827，管理学、运筹学
考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。
第一部分：管理学部分
一、单项选择题（5题×3分，共15分）
1.控制的最高境界是（），它能够在事故发生之前就采取有效的预防措施，以防患于未然。
A.前馈控制B.现场控制C.即时控制D.反馈控制
2.甲公司生产某种产品的固定成本是30万元,除去固定成本外,该产品每单位成本为4元,市场价格为10元,若要实现盈亏平衡,该产品的产量应该为（）。
现代信号处理博士试题
2005年
电子科技大学博士专业入学试题
考试科目:综合与面试
一. 误差概念问题
(1) 按误差的性质和特点,误差可分为几类,各有什么特点?
(2) 模数转换器A/D 的量化误差属于何种类型的误差,若A/D 的最小分辩率为△,试给出误差分布函数.
二. FFT 是一种数字信号处理方法,问
1.给出FFT 的全称,并说明其用途和特点.
2.若取样点数为M,若用FFT 处理,M 需满足什么条件?
3.上述条件下,进行一次FFT 处理需要多少次乘加运算?
三.若用两种测量方法测量某零件的长度1L =110mm,其测量误差分别是m μ11±和m μ9±;而用第三种测量方法测量另一零件的长度mm L 1502=,其测量误差是m μ12±,试比较三种测量方法精度的高低.
四.下面图(a)中的运放是理想的,V1和V2如图(b)所示,V3=-4v,试画出波形.
测试计量技术及仪器学科
博士研究生复试试题
3.微计算机有哪两种I/O 寻址方式,各有何特点?
4.在GPIB 总线系统中,有哪5种基本接口功能?他们赋予器件什么能力?
5.“虚拟仪器”的主要特点是什么?什么叫VXI 总线仪器的“仪器驱动器”？。
华东交大2017-2018学年度第一学期继电保护期末
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第 5 页 共 5 页 背面有试题
3.过渡电阻对距离保护Ⅰ段影响大还是对Ⅱ段影响大？为什么？
答：短路过渡电阻可能导致保护不正确动作，过渡电阻越大，对保护影响越大，但 由于过渡电阻一般随短路时间增长而增大的特性，而距离保护第Ⅰ段动作时间很 小，故受过渡电阻影响相对较小，而距离保护Ⅱ段测量阻抗则受过渡电阻影响较大。
4.说明高频闭锁方向保护中记忆元件和时间元件的作用。
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保护 1 电流 III 段整定计算：
(1)求动作电流
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答：记忆元件的作用：在启动元件返回后，使近故障点端的发信机继续发闭锁信号。 这是为了防止在外部短路切除后，远故障点端的方向元件在闭锁信号消失后来不及 返回而发生误动。 时间元件的作用：是为了推迟停信和接通跳闸回路的时间，以等待对侧闭锁信号的 到来。在区外故障时，让远故障点端的保护收到对侧送来的高频闭锁信号，从而防 止保护动作。
第 1 页 共 5 页 背面有试题
二、判断题(每题 1 分，共 10 分)
装
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1.电压互感器二次侧有一端必须接地。
(T)
华东交通大学2016-2017自动控制原理期末考试样题
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6.单位反馈控制系统的前向通道传递函数为
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0 (s) 90 tg 1 0.1 tg 1 0.01 开环相频特性： (3)求系统的相角裕度 ： 100 A0 ( ) 1 2 2 1 1 10 100 求幅值穿越频率，令
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第 1 页 共 6 页 背面有试题
汽车电子控制技术模拟习题(附参考答案)
汽车电子控制技术模拟习题（附参考答案）一、单选题（共36题，每题1分，共36分）1.甲说：行星齿轮机构磨损会造成换档延迟。
乙说：液压系统的泄漏或阀体内滑阀粘着会造成换档延迟或打滑。
A、两人都不正确。
B、乙正确。
C、甲正确。
D、两人都正确。
正确答案：B2.发动机转速和负荷增大时，电动燃油泵电机转速应（）A、保持不变B、减小C、不知道D、增大正确答案：D3.21世纪以来，汽车发展面临的突出问题主要是（）。
A、交通安全问题B、环境保护问题C、能源消耗问题D、不知道正确答案：B4.甲说：强制降档带式制动器磨损最快。
乙说：低档、倒档带式制动器需经常调整。
A、两人都不正确。
B、两人都正确。
C、甲正确。
D、乙正确。
正确答案：C5.一辆车的动力传动系控制组件不能改变喷油器脉宽,下面哪一项可能引起这问题？A、燃油泵压力不足B、氧传感器故障C、燃油压力调节器失效D、动力传动系控制组件失效正确答案：D6.在自动变速器的控制系统中，制动带与制动鼓之间的间隙调整，是通过( )_来进行的。
A、换用不同长度标准的弹簧B、换用不同长度标准的推杆C、换用不同长度标准的制动带D、换用不同长度标准的活塞正确答案：B7.滚柱式单向离合器是依靠( )_进行锁止或分离的控制。
A、自动变速器油液B、滚柱在内外座圈的不等距斜槽中滑动C、电磁线圈的电磁力D、楔块的长、短头正确答案：B8.点火闭合角主要是通过（）加以控制的。
A、通电电压B、通电电流C、通电时间D、通电速度正确答案：C9.在自动变速器的液压控制系统中，副调压阀的用途之一是_( )。
A、保持液力变矩器内有较稳定的油压B、保持储压器有较稳定的背油压C、直接控制车速油压D、直接控制节气门油压正确答案：A10.当冷却液温度超过预设温度且牵引控制系统正在运作时，点火正时应（）A、延迟B、不变C、提前正确答案：A11.电控柴油机将凸轮轴位置传感器插头拔掉，起动发动机能否着火？（）A、能着火B、不一定，应结合具体机型分析C、不能着火正确答案：B12.关于点火控制电路维修下列说法正确的一项为（）。
北京交通大学现代控制工程考试题汇总
思考题1. .简述现代控制理论和经典控制理论的区别.答：经典控制理论是以传递函数为基础的一种控制理论，控制系统的分析与设计是建立在某种近似的和试探的基础上，控制对象一般是单输入单输出、线性定常系统；对多输入多输出系统、时变系统、非线性系统等则无能为力。
主要的分析方法有频率特性分析法、根轨迹分析法、描述函数法、相平面法、波波夫法等。
控制策略仅限于反馈控制、控制等。
这种控制不能实现最优控制。
现代控制理论是建立在状态空间上的一种分析方法，它的数学模型主要是状态方程，控制系统的分析与设计是精确的。
控制对象可以是单输入单输出控制系统也可以是多输入多输出控制系统，可以是线性定常控制系统也可以是非线性时变控制系统，可以是连续控制系统也可以是离散和数字控制系统。
主要的控制策略有极点配置、状态反馈、输出反馈等。
现代控制可以得到最优控制。
：, , , ; , , , . , , , . . .. , . , , . , , , . .2. , .简述用经典控制理论方法分析与设计控制系统的三种主要方法,并说明每一种方法的主要思想。
答：利用经典控制理论方法分析与设计系统的步骤为：：建立数学模型：写出传递函数：用时域分析和频域分析的方法来判断系统的稳定性等。
以及对其进行系统的校正和反馈。
主要方法为时域法、频域响应法、根轨迹法。
根轨迹法的主要思想为：通过使开环传函数等于的值必须满足系统的特征方程来控制开环零点和极点的变化，使系统的响应满足系统的性能指标。
频域响应法的主要思想为：通过计算相位裕量、增益裕量、谐振峰值、增益交界频率、谐振频率、带宽和静态误差常数来描述瞬态响应特性，首先调整开环增益，以满足稳态精度的要求；然后画出开环系统的幅值曲线和相角曲线。
如果相位裕量和增益裕量提出的性能指标不能满足，则改变开环传递函数的适当的校正装置便可以确定下来。
最后还需要满足其他要求，则在彼此不产生矛盾的条件下应力图满足这些要求。
时域法的主要思想就是通过求解控制系统的时间响应，来分析系统的稳定性、快速性和准确性。
2017年医学博士外语真题试卷一(精选).doc
2017年医学博士外语真题试卷一（精选）(总分：126.00，做题时间：90分钟)1.Section A（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.Rheumatologist advises that those with ongoing aches and pains first seek medical help to______ the problem.（分数：2.00）A.affiliateB.alleviateC.aggravateD.accelerate3.An allergy results when the body have a(n)______reaction to certain substances introduced to it.（分数：2.00）A.spontaneousB.negativeC.adverseD.prompt4.Diabetes is one of the most______and potentially dangerous diseases in the world.（分数：2.00）A.crucialB.virulentC.colossalD.prevalent5.Generally, vaccine makers______the virus in fertilized chicken eggs in a process that can take four to six months.（分数：2.00）A.penetrateB.designateC.generateD.exaggerate6.Drinking more water is good for the rest of your body, helping to lubricate jointsand______toxins and impurities.（分数：2.00）A.screen outB.knock outC.flush outD.rule out7.Despite their good service provided, most inns are less expensive than hotels of______standards.（分数：2.00）A.equivalentB.likelyC.alikeD.uniform8.Chronic high-dose intake of vitamin A has been shown to have______effects on bones.（分数：2.00）A.adverseB.prevalentC.instantD.purposeful9.According to the Geneva______no prisoners of war shall be subject to abuse.（分数：2.00）A.CustomsB.CongressesC.ConventionsD.Routines10.Environmental officials insist that something be done to______acid rain.（分数：2.00）A.curbB.sueC.detoxifyD.condemn11.It is impossible to say how it will take place, because it will happen______, and it will not be a long process.（分数：2.00）A.spontaneouslyB.simultaneouslyC.principallyD.approximately12.Section B（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________13.The patient's condition has worsened since last night.（分数：2.00）A.improvedB.returnedC.deterioratedD.changed14.Beijing Television-Station Transmitting Tower really looks magnificent at night when it's lit up .（分数：2.00）A.decoratedB.illustratedC.illuminatedD.entertained15.Because of adverse weather conditions, the travelers stopped to camp.（分数：2.00）A.localB.unfamiliarC.goodD.unfavorablerm the manager if you are on medication that makes you drowsy .（分数：2.00）A.uneasyB.sleepyC.guiltyD.fiery17.The period from 3, 000 to 1, 000 B. C. E. , when the use of bronze became common , is normally referred to as the Bronze Age.（分数：2.00）A.obviousB.significantC.necessaryD.widespread18.Diabetes is one of the most prevalent and potentially dangerous diseases in the world.（分数：2.00）A.crucialB.virulentC.colossalD.widespread19.Likewise , soot and smoke from fire contain a multitude of carcinogens.（分数：2.00）A.a matter ofB.a body ofC.plenty ofD.sort of20.Many questions about estrogen's effects remain to be elucidated , and investigations are seeking answers through ongoing laboratory and clinical studies.（分数：2.00）A.implicatedB.impliedC.illuminatedD.initiated21.The defect occurs in the first eight weeks of pregnancy, though no one understands why.（分数：2.00）A.faultB.deviationC.discretionD.discrepancy22.The applications of genetic engineering are abundant and choosing one appropriate for this case can be rather difficult.（分数：2.00）A.sufficientB.plentifulC.adequateD.countable三、PartⅢ Cloze(总题数：1，分数：20.00)It was the kind of research that gave insight into how flu strains could mutate so quickly. (One theory behind the 1918 version's sudden demise after wreaking so much devastation was that it mutated to a nonlethal form. ) The same branch of research concluded in 2005 that the 1918 flu started in birds before passing to humans. Parsing this animal-human【C1】______could provide clues to【C2】______the next potential superflu, which already has a name: H5N1, also known as avian flu or bird flu. This potential killer also has a number: 59 percent. According to the World Health Organization, nearly three-fifths of the people who【C3】______H5N1 since 2003 died from the virus, which was first reported【C4】______humans in Hong Kong in 1997 before a more serious 【C5】______occurred in Southeast Asia between 2003 and 2004. (It has since spread to Africa and Europe. ) Some researchers argue that those mortality numbers are exaggerated because WHO only 【C6】______cases in which victims are sick enough to go to the hospital for treatment【C7】______compare that to the worldwide mortality rate of the 1918 pandemic; it may have killed roughly50 million people, but that was only 10 percent of the number of people infected, according toa 2006 estimate. H5N1's saving grace — and the only reason we're not running around masked up in public right now — is that the strain doesn't jump from birds to humans, or from humans to humans, easily. There have been just over 600 cases (and 359 deaths) since 2003. But【C8】______its lethality, and the chance it could turn into something far more transmissible, one might expect H5N1 research to be exploding, with labs【C9】______the virus's molecular components to understand how it spreads between animals and【C10】______to humans, and hoping to discover a vaccine that could head off a pandemic.（分数：20.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.interactB.interfaceC.connectionD.contamination(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.stoppingB.stoppedC.have stoppedD.stop(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.contactedB.contractedC.concentratedD.infected(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.onB.inC.ofD.with(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.breakoutB.take placeC.happenD.outbreak(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.accountsB.numbersC.countsD.takes(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.MoreoverB.StillC.FurthermoreD.Thereafter(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.givenB.givingC.to giveD.speaking of(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.parsingB.parsedC.to parseD.having parsed(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.presentlyB.potentiallyC.potentlyD.importantly四、PartⅣ Reading Compre(总题数：6，分数：60.00)If you are reading this article, antibiotics have probably saved your life—and not once but several times. A rotten tooth, a knee operation, a brush with pneumonia; any number of minor infections that never turned nasty. You may not remember taking the pills, so unremarkable havethese one-time wonder drugs become. Modern medicine relies on antibiotics — not just to cure diseases, but to augment the success of surgery, childbirth and cancer treatments. Yet now health authorities are warning, in uncharacteristically apocalyptic terms, that the era of antibiotics is about to end. In some ways, bacteria are continually evolving to resist the drugs. But in the past we've always developed new ones that killed them again. Not this time. Infections that once succumbed to everyday antibiotics now require last-resort drugs with unpleasant side effects. Others have become so difficult to treat that they kill some 25, 000 Europeans yearly. And some bacteria now resist every known antibiotic. Regular readers will know why: New Scientist has reported warnings about this for years. We have misused antibiotics appallingly, handing them out to humans like medicinal candy and feeding them to livestock by the tonne, mostly not for health reasons but to make meat cheaper. Now antibiotic-resistant bacteria can be found all over the world — not just in medical facilities, but everywhere from muddy puddles in India to the snows of Antarctica (南极洲) . How did we reach this point without viable successors to today's increasingly ineffectual drugs? The answer lies not in evolution but economics. Over the past 20 years, nearly every major pharmaceutical company has abandoned antibiotics. Companies must make money, and there isn't much in short-term drugs that should be used sparingly. So researchers have discovered promising candidates, but can't reach into the deep pockets needed to develop them. This can be fixed. As we report this week, regulatory agencies, worried medical bodies and Big Pharma are finally hatching ways to remedy this market failure. Delinking profits from the volume of drug sold (by adjusting patent rights, say, or offering prizes for innovation) has worked for other drugs, and should work for antibiotics — although there may be a worryingly long wait before they reach the market. One day, though, these will fall to resistance too. Ultimately, we need, evolution-proof cures for bacterial infection: treatments that stop bacteria from causing disease, but don't otherwise inconvenience the little blighters. When resisting drugs confers no selective advantage, drugs will stop breeding resistance. Researchers have a couple of candidates for such treatment. But they fear regulators will drag their feet over such radical approaches. That, too, can be fixed. We must not neglect development of the sustainable medicine we need, the way we have neglected simple antibiotic R&D. If we do, one day another top doctor will be telling us that the drugs no longer work—and there really will be no help on the way.（分数：10.00）(1).In the first paragraph, the author is trying to______.（分数：2.00）A.warn us against the rampant abuse of antibiotics everywhereB.suggest a course of action to reduce antibiotic resistanceC.tell us a time race between humans and bacteriaD.remind us of the universal benefit of antibiotics(2).The warning from health authorities implies that______.（分数：2.00）A.the pre-antibiotic era will returnB.the antibiotic crisis is about to repeatC.the wonder drugs are a double-edged swordD.the development of new antibiotics is too slow(3).The appalling misuse of antibiotics, according to the passage, ______.（分数：2.00）A.has developed resistant bacteria worldwideB.has been mainly practiced for health reasonsC.has been seldom reported as a warning in the worldD.has been particularly worsened in the developing countries(4).The market failure refers to______.（分数：2.00）A.the inability to develop more powerful antibioticsB.the existing increasingly ineffectual drugs in the marketC.the poor management of the major pharmaceutical companiesD.the deprived investment in developing new classes of antibiotics(5).During the presentation of the two solutions, the author carries a tone of______.（分数：2.00）A.doubtB.urgencyC.indifferenceD.helplessnessWhere one stage of child development has been left out, or not sufficiently experienced, the child may have to go back and capture the experience of it. A good home makes this possible, for example by providing the opportunity for the child to play with a clockwork car or toy railway train up to any age if he still needs to do so. This principle, in fact, underlies all psychological treatment of children in difficulties with their development, and is the basis of work in child clinics. The beginnings of discipline are in the nursery. Even the youngest baby is taught by gradual stages to wait for food, to sleep and wake at regular intervals and so on. If the child feels the world around him is a warm and friendly one, he slowly accepts its rhythm and accustoms himself to conforming to its demands. Learning to wait for things, particularly for food, is a very important element in upbringing, and is achieved successfully only if too great demands are not made before the child can understand them. Every parent watches eagerly the child's acquisition of each new skill—the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feeling of failure and states of anxiety in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural zest for life and his desire to find out new things for himself. Learning together is a fruit source of relationship between children and parents. By playing together, parents learn more about their children and children learn more from their parents. Toys and games which both parents and children can share are an important means of achieving this co-operation. Building-block toys, jigsaw puzzles and crossword are good examples. Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness or indulgence towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters, others are severe over times of coming home at night, punctuality for meals or personal cleanliness. In general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child's own happiness and well-being.（分数：10.00）(1).The principle underlying all treatment of developmental difficulties in children______.（分数：2.00）A.is to send them to clinicsB.offers recapture of earlier experiencesC.is in the provision of clockwork toys and trainsD.is to capture them before they are sufficiently experienced(2).The child in the nursery______.（分数：2.00）A.quickly learns to wait for foodB.doesn't initially sleep and wake at regular intervalsC.always accepts the rhythm of the world around themD.always feels the world around him is warm and friendly(3).The encouragement of children to achieve new skills______.（分数：2.00）A.can never be taken too farB.should be left to school teachersC.will always assist their developmentD.should be balanced between two extremes(4).Jigsaw puzzles are______.（分数：2.00）A.too difficult for childrenB.a kind of building-block toyC.not very entertaining for adultsD.suitable exercises for parent-child cooperation(5).Parental controls and discipline______.（分数：2.00）A.serve a dual purposeB.should be avoided as much as possibleC.reflect the values of the communityD.are designed to promote the child's happinessFor 150 years scientists have tried to determine the solar constant, the amount of solar energy that reaches the Earth. Yet, even in the most cloud-free regions of the planet, the solar constant cannot be measured precisely. Gas molecules and dust particles in the atmosphere absorb and scatter sunlight and prevent some wavelengths of the light from ever reaching the ground. With the advent of satellites, however, scientists have finally been able to measure the Sun's output without being impeded by the Earth's atmosphere. Solar Max, a satellite from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), has been measuring the Sun's output since February 1980. Although a malfunction in the satellite's control system limited its observation for a few years, the satellite was repaired in orbit by astronauts from the space shuffle in 1984. Max's observations indicate that the solar constant is not really constant after all. The satellite's instruments have detected frequent, small variations in the Sun's energy output, generally amounting to no more than 0. 05 percent of the Sun's mean energy output and lasting from a few days to a few weeks. Scientists believe these fluctuations coincide with the appearance and disappearance of large groups of sunspots on the Sun's disk. Sunspots are relatively dark regions on the Sun's surface that have strong magnetic fields and a temperature about 2, 000 degrees Fahrenheit cooler than the rest of the Sun's surface. Particularly large fluctuations in the solar constant have coincided with sightings of large sunspot groups. In 1980, for example, Solar Max's instruments registered a 0. 3 percent drop in the solar energy reaching the Earth. At that time a sunspot group covered about 0. 6 percent of the solar disk, an area 20 times larger than the Earth's surface. Long-term variations in the solar constant are more difficult to determine. Although Solar Max's data have indicated a slow and steady decline in the Sun's output. Some scientists have thought that the satellite's aging detectors might have become less sensitive over the years, thus falsely indicating a drop in the solar constant. This possibility was dismissed, however, by comparing solar Max's observations with data from a similar instrument operating on NASA's Nimbus 7 weather satellite since 1978.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, scientists believe variations in the solar constant are related to______.（分数：2.00）A.sunspot activityB.unusual weather patternsC.increased levels of dustD.fluctuations in the Earth's temperature(2).Why is it not possible to measure the solar constant accurately without a satellite?（分数：2.00）A.The Earth is too far from the Sun.B.Some areas on Earth receive more solar energy than others.C.There is not enough sunlight during the day.D.The Earth's atmosphere interferes with the sunlight.(3).Why did scientists think that Solar Max might be giving unreliable information?（分数：2.00）A.Solar Max did not work for the first few years.B.Solar Max's instruments were getting old.C.The space shuttle could not fix Solar Max's instruments.D.Nimbus 7 interfered with Solar Max's detectors.(4).The attempt to describe the solar constant can best be described as______.（分数：2.00）A.an ongoing research effortB.a question that can never be answeredC.an issue that has been resolvedD.historically interesting, but irrelevant to contemporary concerns(5).What does this passage mainly discuss?（分数：2.00）A.The components of the Earth's atmosphere,B.The launching of a weather satellite.C.The measurement of variations in the solar constant.D.The interaction of sunlight and air pollution.Optical illusions are like magic, thrilling us because of their capacity to reveal the fallibility of our senses. But there's more to them than that, according to Dr. Beau Lotto, who is wowing the scientific world with work that crosses the boundaries of art, neurology, natural history and philosophy. What they reveal, he says, is that the whole world is the creation of our brain. What we see, what we hear, feel and what we think we know is not a photographic reflection of the world, but an instantaneous unthinking calculation as to what is the most useful way of seeing the world. It's a best guess based on the past experience of the individual, a long evolutionary past that has shaped the structure of our brains. The world is literally shaped by our pasts. Dr. Lotto, 40, an American who is a reader in neuroscience at University College London, has set out to prove it in stunning visual illusions, sculptures and installations, which have been included in art-science exhibitions. He explains his complex ideas from the starting point of visual illusions, which far from revealing how fragile our senses are show how remarkably robust they are at providing a picture of the world that serves a purpose to us. For centuries, artists and scientists have noted that a grey dot looks lighter against a dark background than being against a light background. The conventional belief was that it was because of some way the brain and eye is intrinsically wired. But Dr. Lotto believes it's a learnt response; in other words, we see the world not as it is but as it is useful to us. "Context is everything, because our brains have evolved to constantly re-define normality, " says Dr. Lotto. "What we see is defined by our own experiences of the past, but also by what the human race has experienced through its history, " This is illustrated by the fact that different cultures and communities have different viewpoints of the world, conditioned over generations. For example, Japanese people have a famous inability to distinguish between the "R" and the "L" sound. This arises because in Japanese the sounds are totally interchangeable. "Differentiating between them has never been useful, so the brain has never learnt to do it. It's not just that Japanese people find it hard to tell the difference. They literally cannot hear the difference. " Dr. Lotto's experiments are grounding more and more hypotheses in hard science. "Yes, my work is idea-driven, " he says. "But lots of research, such as MRI brain scanning, is technique-driven. I don't believe you can understand the brain by taking it out of its natural environment and looking at it in a laboratory. You have to look at what it evolved to do, and look at it in relationship to its ecology. "（分数：10.00）(1).What does the word "them" in the first paragraph refer to?（分数：2.00）A.Human senses.B.The fallibility of senses.C.Revealing capacity.D.Optical illusions.(2).According to the passage, what is known about Dr. Beau Lotto?（分数：2.00）A.Though he is a neuroscientist, he has shocked the scientific world with his extensive research in art, neurology, natural history and philosophy.B.Dr. Lotto is a professor at University College London who is specialized in a number of disciplines such as art, neurology, natural history and philosophy.C.Dr. Lotto has been attempting to exhibit his creative productions in art-science exhibitions in the hope of proving his idea on optical illusions.D.Dr. Lotto has set out to create visual illusions, sculptures and installations which well combined the knowledge of art, neurology, natural history and philosophy.(3).Which of the following statements can be inferred from Dr. Lotto's study?（分数：2.00）A.People should believe their brains rather than their eyes as the world, to a great measure, is created and shaped by human brain.B.People should never believe their senses for what they see, hear, feel, and the truth may be contrary to the photographic image of the world.C.People should never believe their eyes for what they see are only accidental and temporary forms of the world, which varies in accordance with contexts.D.People should be aware that their eyes can play tricks on them as what they see is actually created by their brains which are shaped by their past experiences.(4).According to Dr. Lotto, what is the reason for the fact that a grey dot looks lighter againsta dark background than being against a light background?（分数：2.00）A.It is a fact that the dot emerged to be lighter against a dark background than being against a light one.B.Human senses are remarkably robust at providing a picture of the world that serves a purpose to us through what they have learnt from past experiences.C.It is because of some way the brain and eye is intrinsically wired.D.Because the context in which the little dot placed has changed to be lighter.(5).Which of the following statements is true about the research in neuroscience?（分数：2.00）A.Investigation on the brain involves scrutinizing a network in which both environment and the brain itself function together.B.Both idea-driven and technique-driven are popular research methods in research study in neuroscience.C.People cannot carry out research study on brain in laboratory where it is isolated from human body.D.Brain can be investigated in isolation with other faculties and organs as long as the research is carried out in proper natural context.The biggest thing in operating rooms these days is a million-dollar, multi-armed robot named da Vinci, used in nearly 400, 000 surgeries nationwide last year—triple the number just four years earlier. But now the high-tech helper is under scrutiny over reports of problems, including several deaths that may be linked with it and the high cost of using the robotic system. There also have been a few disturbing, freak incidents: a robotic hand that wouldn't let go of tissue grasped during surgery and a robotic arm hitting a patient in the face as she lay on the operating table. Is it time to curb the robot enthusiasm? Some doctors say yes, concerned that the "wow" factor and heavy marketing have boosted use. They argue that there is not enough robust research showing that robotic surgery is at least as good or better than conventional surgeries. Many U. S. hospitals promote robotic surgery in patient brochures, online and even on highway billboards. Their aim is partly to attract business that helps pay for the costly robot. The da Vinci is used for operations that include removing prostates, gallbladders and wombs, repairing heart valves, shrinking stomachs and transplanting organs. Its use has increased worldwide, but the system is most popular in the United States. For surgeons, who control the robot while sitting at a computer screen rather than standing over the patient, these operations can be less tiring. Plus robothands don't shake. Advocates say patients sometimes have less bleeding and often are sent home sooner than with conventional laparoscopic surgeries and operations involving large incisions. But the Food and Drug Administration is looking into a spike in reported problems during robotic surgeries. Earlier this year, the FDA began a survey of surgeons using the robotic system. The agency conducts such surveys of devices routinely, but FDA spokeswoman Synim Rivers said the reason for it now "is the increase in number of reports received" about da Vinci. Reports filed since early last year include at least five deaths. Whether there truly are more problems recently is uncertain. Rivers said she couldn't quantify the increase and that it may simply reflect more awareness among doctors and hospitals about the need to report problems. Doctors aren't required to report such things; device makers and hospitals are. Company spokesman Geoff Curtis said Intuitive Surgical has physician-educators and other trainers who teach surgeons how to use the robot. But they don't train them how to do specific procedures robotically, he said, and that it's up to hospitals and surgeons to decide "if and when a surgeon is ready to perform robotic cases. " A 2010 New England Journal of Medicine essay by a doctor and a health policy analyst said surgeons must do at least 150 procedures to become adept at using the robotic system. But there is no expert consensus on how much training is needed. New Jersey banker Alexis Grattan did a lot of online research before her gallbladder was removed last month at Hackensack University Medical Center. She said the surgeon's many years of experience with robotic operations was an important factor. She also had heard that the surgeon was among the first to do the robotic operation with just one small incision in the belly button, instead of four cuts in conventional keyhole surgery.（分数：10.00）(1).Why did FDA begin to scrutinize da Vinci?（分数：2.00）A.The number used in operation has been tripled.B.It is too expensive.C.It is reported to have frequent mechanical breakdown.wsuits increase with death case reports.(2).According to some doctors, which of the following is NOT the reason to curb the enthusiasm for da Vinci?（分数：2.00）A.The high cost causes unreasonable marketing.B.It is not as good as traditional surgeries.C.It needs more statistics to prove its value.D.It is necessary for doctors to consider some problems.(3).What does FDA spokeswoman Synim Rivers mean?（分数：2.00）A.Doctors and hospitals should be responsible for those problems.B.It is doctors that think da Vinci robots are problematic.C.There are so many problems reports that FDA has to do an enquiry.D.FDA hasn't finished the previous enquiry about the surgeons who used robots.(4).What is correct about training according to the Geoff Curtis?（分数：2.00）A.A lack of sufficient training on the part of surgeons.B.A lack of sufficient training on the part of company.C.Doctors and hospitals are not sufficiently trained on specific procedures.D.Doctors and hospitals are not sufficiently trained on how to used robots.(5).What is the best title for this passage?（分数：2.00）A.Four Hands Better than Two?B.Too Good to Be TrueC.Smart RobotsD.Who Is the Killer?Despite Denmark's manifest virtues, Danes never talk about how proud they are to be Danes. This would sound weird in Danish. When Danes talk to foreigners about Denmark, they always begin by。
华东交通大学2016-2017第二学期《电力系统分析》期末试卷及答案
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三、简单分析题(每题8分，共24分)
1.(1)
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华东交通大学博士研究生初试科目考试大纲
华东交通大学博士研究生初试科目考试大纲
科目代码：3007
科目名称：检测技术与系统
一、考试要求
掌握信号的时域和频域描述方法，建立信号的频谱结构概念；掌握各类传
感器的工作原理、特点和应用领域；掌握线性系统及其主要特性，掌握测试系
统静态和动态特性；掌握光电传感技术理论基础；掌握光电传感器应用技术中
光源、光敏电阻、光生伏特器件、光电发射器件和热电器件等光电传感器件的
基本工作原理、特性、变换电路和应用；掌握集成光电传感器和图像传感器的
工作原理及应用。
二、考试内容
1、信号的基本概念、信号的分类、信号的描述方式、频谱分析、测试系统的静态特性和动态特性；
2、电阻式传感器、电感式传感器、电容式传感器、电涡流式传感器、压电式传感器、热电传感器、磁电式传感器和霍尔传感器基本工作原理、特点及应用；
3、光电传感器技术基础理论；智能光电检测光源特性；光敏电阻、光生伏特器件（光敏二极管、硅光电池、光敏晶体管、色敏器件、光电位置敏感器件）、光电倍增管和热释电器件的基本工作原理、特性、变换电路及应用；
4、CCD图像传感器基本工作原理、类型及应用。
三、题型结构
填空题、名词解释、简答题、分析题。
四、参考书目
祝海林主编：《机械工程测试技术》，机械工业出版社，2014年出版。
王庆有主编：《光电传感器应用技术》，机械工业出版社，2014年出版。
胡向东等编著：《传感器与检测技术》，机械工业出版社，2013年出版。
1。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-华东交通大学考试预测题精选专练VII(附带答案)卷5
2022年考研考博-考博英语-华东交通大学考试预测题精选专练VII（附带答案）第1套一.综合题(共25题)1.单选题After newspaper reports claimed the company was dumping toxic waste illegally. It came under （）from the authorities.问题1选项A.insultB.solitudeC.nuisanceD.scrutiny【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
A选项insult“侮辱”；B选项solitude“孤独”；C选项nuisance“损害”；D选项scrutiny“详细审查”。
句意：在报纸报道这家公司非法倾倒有毒废料之后，它受到了当局的审查。
本句表示公司受到审查。
因此D选项正确。
2.单选题Church as we use the word refers to all religious institutions,（）they Christian, Islamic, Buddhist, Jewish, and so on.问题1选项A.beB.beingC.wereD.are【答案】A【解析】考查谓语动词的形式。
句意：我们使用的Church这个词指的是所有的宗教机构，无论是基督教、伊斯兰教、佛教、犹太教等等。
分析句子结构可知，前半句中出现了as，其谓语动词多用be 的原形，引导让步虚拟从句，并且需要倒装，所以选项A正确。
3.单选题It’s time you（）some reading or the other students will leave you behind.问题1选项A.got down toB.adapted toC.held on toD.attended to【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。
A选项got down to“开始认真”；B选项adapted to“适应于”；C选项held on to“坚持”；D选项attended to“注意”。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-华东交通大学考试预测题精选专练VII(附带答案)卷20
2022年考研考博-考博英语-华东交通大学考试预测题精选专练VII（附带答案）第1套一.综合题(共25题)1.单选题The professor can hardly find sufficient grounds（）his argument in favor of the new theory. 问题1选项A.which to base onB.on which to baseC.to base on whichD.which to be based on【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。
根据句意：教授很难找到充分的理由来支撑自己支持新理论的论据。
由此可知，要把his argument建立在grounds 的基础上，即“base his arguments on the grounds”，变成定语从句需要将介词on提到关系代词which的前面，即“on which to base his arguments”，所以选项B正确。
2.单选题The concept of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one. An estimated 90 percent of all illnesses may be preventable if individuals would make sound personal heath choices based upon current medial knowledge. We all enjoy our freedom of choice and do not like to see it restricted when it is within the legal and moral boundaries of society. The structure of American society allows us to make almost all our own personal decisions that may concern our health. If we so desire, we can smoke, drink excessively, refuse to wear seat belts, eat whatever foods we want, and live a completely sedentary life-style without any exercise. The freedom to make such personal decisions is a fundamental aspect of our society, although the wisdom of these decisions can be questioned. Personal choices relative to health often cause a difficulty. As one example, a teenager may know the facts relative to smoking cigarettes and health but may be pressured by friends into believing it is the socially accepted thing to do.A multitude of factors, both inherited and environmental, influence the development of health-related behaviors, and it is beyond the scope of this text to discuss all these factors as they may affect any given individual. However, the decision to adopt a particular health-related behavior is usually one of personal choices. There are healthy choices and there are unhealthy choices. In discussing the morals of personal choice, Fries and Crapo drew a comparison. They suggest that to knowingly give oneself over to a behavior that has a statistical probability of shortening life is similar to attempting suicide. Thus, for those individuals who are interested in preserving both the quality and quantity of life, personal heath choices should reflect those behaviors that are associated with a statistical probability of increased vitality and longevity.1. The concept of personal choice concerning health is important because（）.2.To “live a completely sedentary life-style” (Para. 1) most probably means（）.3.Sound personal health choice is often difficult to make because（）.4.To knowingly allow oneself to pursue unhealthy habits is compared by Fries and Crapo to （）.5.According to Fries and Crapo sound health choice should be based on（）.问题1选项A.personal heath choices help cure most illnessesB.it helps raise the level of our medical knowledgeC.it is essential to personal freedom in American societyD.wrong decisions could lead to poor healthA.to “live an inactive life”B.to “live a decent life”C.to “live a life with complete freedom”D.to “live a life of vice”问题3选项A.current medical knowledge is still insufficientB.there are many factors influencing our decisionsC.few people are willing to trade the quality of life for the quantity of lifeD.people are usually influenced by the behavior of their friends问题4选项A.improving the quality of one’s lifeB.limiting one’s personal health choiceC.deliberately ending one’s lifeD.breaking the rules of social behavior问题5选项A.personal decisionsB.society’s lawsC.statistical evidenceD.friends’ opinions【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:B第4题:C第5题:C【解析】1.客观细节题。
华东交通大学2017-2018学年度第一学期牵引供电期末考试
订
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三、分析题(每题 10 分，共 20 分)
得分
1. 什么是换相联接？按给定的牵引相位分布，完成原、副边的接线，并总结换相规律。
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B
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线
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If
E ( X1 Xb )
27.5 / 3 (0.628 5.3)
可见，馈线电流 I 等于线圈 bc 或 ca 电流的 1.13 倍。由于变压器 Δ 侧的额定电流 Ie 等于 线圈额定电流的√3 倍，所以当馈线电流 I 等于变压器额定电流的 0.655 倍时，线圈 bc 或 ca 的电流将达到其额定值。(2 分)
因为：I 1.13Ibc 1.13Iac
华东交通大学专升本高数考试真题（1）
华东交通大学专升本考试真题2005年一选择题(24分))0[ )( ) 0( )( ) 1[ )( ) 1( )(). (1sin 1∞+∞+∞+∞+-= d c b a x y .3 )( 3 )( 23)( 23)(). ())2(( )0( 1)( 2d c b a f f x x xx f --=≠-=.)( )( 1 )( 0 )(). (1sin lim 3 ∞+∞+=∞→ d c b a x x x .1 )( )( 1 )( )(). (0)( arccos )( 4d dx c b dx a x x f x x f --==.3 )( 2 )( 1 )( 0 )( ).(0)())()()(()( 5d c b a x f c b a c b a c x b x a x x f ='<<---=.12 )( 3 )( 2 )( 2 )(). ()( )( 6432x d x c x b a x f x x f ='.)( )( )( )( )( )( )( )(). (])([ 7x f d c x f c dx x f b x f a dx x f +''='⎰⎰.)( )()( )( ).( 8 d c b a 二、计算题(48分) ；xxx x 30sin tan sin lim 1-→ ；y x xy '-+= 11arctan 2；dx x x x⎰+sin cos cos 3 ；dx e x ⎰40 4 .0)( 21)0( sin )(cos 522 =-=='x f f x x f 三、应用题(20分).2)0 0()1ln( 12 -=+=x y x y . 1000)( 2r h r h r 四、证明题(8分)).()() ()()()()( ] [)( )(x g x f b a a g a f x g x f b a x g x f >='>' 2006年一、计算下列极限(每小题5分，共20分).1. ； xx x x sin 2cos 1lim 0-→2. ； xx x 3tan ln 7tan ln lim 0→3. ；12lim 23+∞→⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛++x x x x 4. .6 0 20d sin lim 2x t t x x ⎰→二、求导数(每小题5分，共20分).1. 设，求； x x y sin =xy d d 2. 设方程确定，求；1e 2e =+-y x xy )(x y y =xy d d 3. 设，求； ⎩⎨⎧+=+=t t y t x arctan )1ln(222d d x y 4. 设，求.34)1()2(1-++=x x x y xy d d三、计算下列积分(每小题6分，共12分).1. 计算； x x x d log 232⎰2. 设函数 求.⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧>≤= 0 30 e 2)(2x x x x f x x x f d )1(32 ⎰--四、求函数的单调区间、极值点；该函数曲线的凹凸区间、拐7186223---=x x x y 点(12分) .五、求由曲线与直线所围平面图形面积及该图形绕轴旋转一周所得旋2x y =x y 2=x 转体的体积(10分).六、设在上连续，证明(6分).)(x f ] [b a x x b a f x x f b a ba d )(d )( ⎰⎰-+=七、求过点且垂直于直线的平面方程并求原点)2 1 1( ⎩⎨⎧=---=++-09230142z y x z y x 到该平面的距离(10分).)0 0 0( 八、确定取值，使在点可导(10分).b a ⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧>-≤+=- 0 320 e e )(x x x b a x f x x 0=x2007年一、计算下列极限(每小题6分，共24分).1. ； )2332(lim 22+---+-∞→x x x x x 2. ；n nn n 5113321(lim ++∞→3. ； n n n n ++++∞→ 321lim 4. .)1ln(d cos lim 0 202x x t t x x +⎰→ 二、求导数(每小题6分，共24分).1. 设，求； x x y 2=xy d d 2. 设，求； 321++=x x y )(n y 3. 设，求；⎩⎨⎧==t b y t a x 2sin 2cos 22d d xy4. 已知为由方程确定的隐函数，求.)(x y y =1e e 3=+-y x xy 0d d =x x y三、计算下列积分(每小题7分，共21分).1. 计算； ⎰x x x d 3sin 2. 计算；⎰π+ 0 d cos21x x 3. 计算.⎰∞+- 0 2d e x x x 四、设在上连续，在内可导且，证明：至少存在)(x f ] [b a ) (b a 0)()(==b f a f ，使(8分).) (b a ∈ξ0)(2008)(=+'ξξf f 五、求由曲线、直线及所围平面图形面积及该图形绕轴旋转一周2x y =0=y 2=x y 所得旋转体的体积(10分).六、设，求(1)该函数的单调区间、极值点；(2)该函数曲线的凹凸区间、2)3(122++=x x y 拐点；(3)该曲线的渐近线(13分)..2008年一、填空题(每小题2分，共20分).1. 极限；_____sin lim =∞→xx x 2. 设，则；x x y arctan =________d =y 3. 积分；________d cos sin 2=⎰x xx 4. 设 要使在点处连续，则；⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≥-<+= 0 cos 0 sin )(x x x a x x f )(x f 0=x _____=a 5. 积分；____d sin 4=⎰ππ-x x x 6. 设为的一个原函数，则；2x )(x f _____)(=x f 7. 设为曲线的拐点，则；)3 1( 23bx ax y +=_____ ____==b a 8. 是函数_______间断点(请填：跳跃、可去、无穷、振荡0=x x x x sin e 111++之一)；9. 积分；____d tan 40 2=⎰πx x 10. 曲线在点处的切线方程为______________.1=xy )1 1( 二、选择题(每小题2分，共10分).1. 当时，是的().0→x 1sin 1--x x 2x A. 高阶无穷小 B. 同阶不等价无穷小 C. 低阶无穷小 D. 等价无穷小2. .) ()1(lim 2=+→x x x A. B. C. D. 1e e 22e 3. 一切初等函数在其定义区间内都是(). A. 可导B. 连续C. 可微D. 可积4. .) (d 1 0 2=⎰x x A. B. C. D. 1-03115. .) (d )(=''⎰x x f xA. B. C. D. C x f +)(C x f x f +-')()(C x f x f x +-')()(Cx xf +)(三、计算题(每小题5分，共30分).1. 求； xx x cos 1)1ln(lim 20-+→2. 求；x t t x x d cos lim 0 20⎰→3. 设，求；)12(sin 2+=x x y y '4. 求； x x x d ln ⎰5. 求； x x d 11110 ⎰++6. 设，求.x y 2e =)(n y 四、求函数的单调区间和极值(8分).353151)(x x x f -=五、设问在处是否连续(6分)?⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧>=<=.0 ln 0 00 1sin )(2x x x x x x x x f )(x f 0=x 六、证明不等式(8分).)0()1ln(1><+<+x x x xx 七、求由方程所确定的隐函数的导数(8分).y x x y e 12-+=)(x y y =0d d =x x y八、求由曲线，，及所围平面图形面积及该图形绕轴旋转一x y =xy 1=2=x 0=y x 周所得旋转体的体积(10分).2009年一、填空题(每小题4分，共28分).1. 极限；______tan 1sinlim 20=→x x x x 2. 极限；______)81(lim =+∞→x x x3. 定积分；______d 22 3=⎰-x x 4. 函数的极值点为______；2e x y =5. 设函数在点处连续，则；⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≥<= 0 0 1sin )(x A x x x x f 0=x _____=A 6. 函数的阶导数；x y 4e =n ______)(=n y7. 函数当时的微分为_______.3x y =01.0 2=∆=x x 二、计算题(每小题8分，共48分).1. 设在处连续，且，求；)(x f 2=x 3)2(=f ]4421)[(lim 22---→x x x f x 2. 求；xx x x x x sin 2e e lim 0----→3. 求；⎰x x x d ln4. 求；x x d 1e 2ln 0 ⎰-5. 求函数的单调区间；32)5()(-=x x x f 6. 求曲线在点处的切线方程.y x x y 2=)1 1( 三、已知，求在上的最大值(12分).t t x f x t d e )2()(20 ⎰--=)(x f ]2 0[ 四、求曲线在点处法线与该曲线所围成平面图形的面积(12分).x y 22=)1 21(参考答案2005年.8. 7. 6. 5. 4. 3. 2. 1. c d a c a b c b sin cos ln 212 4. 2 3. 11 2. 21 1. 2 C x x x e x ++++-.1 .6 22 5. 2=+x e .)()()( .12 500 2. 29 1. 3 x g x f x F r h r -===π2006年一、1. 2；2. 1；3. ；4..2e 31二、1. ；2. ；3. ；y x x y e 2e +-3224)1)(2(t t t +-sin ln (cos sin x x x x x x +4..1324)1(21()1()2(234--+++-++x x x x x x 三、1. ；2. .C x x x +-352352ln 259log 533e 210--四、单调增区间为，单调减区间为；极大值点为，极) 3[ ]1 (∞+--∞ ]3 1[ -1-=x 小值点为；凸区间为，凹区间为，拐点为3=x ]1 ( -∞) [1∞+ )29 1(- 五、面积为，体积为.341564π六、提示：设，利用换元积分法.t b a x -+=七、 .23036 )2( 0361079 )1( =-++z y x 八、.21 25-=-=b a 2007年一、1. ；2. ；3. ；4. . 25-356321-二、1. ；2. ；3. ；4. .)1(ln 22+x x x 11)32(!)2(+-+-n n x n t ab 2csc 32)4ln 3(41-三、1. ；2. ；3. . C x x x ++-3sin 913cos 32241 四、提示：设，利用罗尔定理.)()(2008x f ex F x =五、面积为，体积为.38π8六、(1) 单调增区间为，单调减区间为，极大值点为；)3 3( )3 ( ---∞) 3(∞+ 3=x(2) 凸区间为，凹区间为，拐点为；)6 3( )3 ( ---∞) 6(∞+ 982 6( (3) 水平渐近线为，垂直渐近线为.2=y 3=x 2008年一、1. ；2. ；3. ；4. ；5. ；0x xx x d )1(arctan 2++C x +sec 1-06. ；7. ；8. 跳跃；9. ；10. x 229 23- 41π-02=-+y x 二、1. B ；2. D ；3. B ；4. C ；5. C.三、1. 2；2. 1；3. ；4. ；)24sin(2)12(sin 212+++x x x xC x x x +-2241ln 21 5. ；6. .]2ln )21ln(12[2++--x n 2e 2四、单调增区间为，单调减区间为，极小值为) 1( )1 (∞+--∞ )1 1( -，极大值为.152)1(-=f 152) 1(=-f 五、连续.六、提示：设，利用拉格朗日中值定理)1ln()(t t f +=或设，利用用单调性x x x x g x x x f +-+=-+=1)1ln()( )1ln()( 七、.e -八、面积为，体积为.2ln 21+65π2009年一、1. ；2. ；3. ；4. ；5. ；6. ；7. .08e 00=x 0x n 4e 412.0二、1. ；2. ；3. ；4. ；432C x +2)(ln 2122π-5. 单增区间为，单减区间为；6. .) 2[ )0 (∞+-∞ ]2 0[ 02=-+y x 三、.2e 21-+四、.316。
2017-2018第一学期期末B卷
D、紧定螺钉
9、键的剖面尺寸通常是根据（
），按标准选取。
A、传递转矩的大小
B、传递功率的大小
C、轮毂的长度
B、轴的直径
10、能够实现两轴转向相反的是（
）。
A、圆锥齿轮机构
B、蜗杆蜗轮机构。
C、外啮合圆柱齿轮机构
D、内啮合圆柱齿轮机构
11．角接触球轴承的类型代号为（
）。
A、1
B、2
C、6
D、7
12、角接触轴承承受轴向载荷的能力，随接触角 α 的增大而（
A、连杆与机架共线时
B、曲柄与机架共线时
C、摇杆与连杆共线时
D、曲柄与连杆共线时
装
O
订
O
线
O
第 2 页 共 8 页 背面有试题
2
二、机构自由度计算(每题 6 分，共 12 分)
要求：（1）在图中标识存在的复合铰链、局部自由度和虚约束； （2）计算机构自由度，并判断机构是否具有确定性运动。
得分
装
O
（a）
B、构件是由机器的制造单元
C、构件是机器的运动单元
D、构件是机器的装配单元
5、从动杆采用正弦运动规律时，则会（
）。
A、在推程的起始点产生刚性冲击 B、在推程的中点产生柔性冲击
C、在推程的终点产生柔性冲击
D、在推程的始点和终点不会产生冲击
6、螺纹防松的根本问题在于（
）。
A、防止螺纹副的相对转动
B、增加螺纹联接的轴向力
是 毫米。
（2）图示两滚动轴承的配置（支承结构型式）是
。但两轴承
的安装方式不正确，在当前的轴系结构情况下，正确的安装方式应该采用（面对面或背
靠背，二选一）