(福建专用)2018年高考英语总复习 课时规范练24 Unit 12 Culture Shock(B

Unit 12 Culture Shock（B）
Ⅰ.阅读理解
The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.Silences may be thoughtful,or they may be empty when a person has noth ing to say.A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness,uneasiness,or worry.Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable;therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap (间隙) with conversation.Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person’s needs.
Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people,just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do.Therefore,when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops,what may be implied (暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.In these cultures,silence is a call for reflection.
Other cultures may use silence in other ways,particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power.For example,Russian,French,and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion.However,Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her.In still another use,persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect,particularly to an elder or a person in authority.
Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing.Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnec essarily.A nurse who understands the healing (治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.
1.What does the author say about silence in conversations?
A.It implies anger.
B.It promotes friendship.
C.It is culture-specific.
D.It is content-based.
2.Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?
A.The Chinese.
B.The French.
C.The Mexican s.
D.The Russians.
3.What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?
A.Let it continue as the patient pleases.
B.Break it while treating patients.
C.Evaluate its harm to patients.
D.Make use of its healing effects.
4.What may be the best title for the text?
A.Sound and Silence
B.What It Means to Be Silent
C.Silence to Native Americans
D.Speech Is Silver;Silence Is Gold
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2017·广东潮州二模)
The cultures of the East and the West really distinguish from each other a
lot.This is because the culture systems are two separate systems 1 .
The origin of the eastern cultures is mainly from two countries:China and
India.Both of the two cultures are gestated(孕育)by 2 .In China,the mother river
is the Yellow River 3 the Indian one is the Hindu River.These two cultures were 4 for several thousand years and formed their own styles.Then in the Tang Dynasty of China,the Chinese culture 5 went overseas to Japan, 6 into the Japanese society and 7 the Japanese culture nowadays.Though a bit different from the Chinese one,it 8 to the same system.
When the two mother rivers gave birth to t he eastern culture,another famous culture was 9 on the Mesopotamian Plain(美索不达米亚平原)—the Mesopotamian Civilization.This civilization later on developed into the cultures of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome.And these two are well-known as the 10 of the European culture. 11 the Chinese culture,the European one also 12 waters.When the colonists of England 13 in America,their culture went with them over,the Atlantic Ocean.So the American culture doesn’t 14 from the European one a lot.
At the same time,the 15 of the language systems adds to the cultural differences.In the East,most languages belong to the pictographic (象形文字的) language while the Western languages are 16 based on the Latin system,for example,the one I’m using to w rite this paper.
Other factors like human race difference17 as well.However,18 the far distance and the steep areas between the East and West,the two cultures seldom 19 until recent centuries.20 ,they grew up totally in their own ways with almost no-interference(干扰) from the other.
1.A.in all B.above all
C.in no case
D.on the whole
2.A.rivers kes
C.mountains
D.plains
3.A.or B.for
C.while
D.when
4.A.improved B.developed
C.created
D.protected
5.A.gradually B.naturally
C.suddenly
D.quietly
6.A.changed B.mixed
C.decided
D.forced
7.A.expanded B.i nterrupted
C.shaped
D.influenced
es B.belongs
C.amounts
D.adds
9.A.carried out B.given out
C.brought up
D.picked up
10.A.base B.sign
C.result
D.content
11.A.With B.Like
C.Via
D.Except
12.A.crossed B.formed
C.affected
D.spread
13.A.went up B.joined up
C.settled down
D.broke down
14.A.differ B.suffer
C.result
e
15.A.feature B.development
C.appearance
D.distinction
16.A.simply B.mostly
C.properly
D.partly
17.A.counts B.reduces
sts
D.changes
18.A.in terms of B.in case of
C.due to
D.as to
municate B.distinguish
C.transform
D.display
20.A.Howe ver B.Furthermore
C.Meanwhile
D.Therefore
〚导学号07020042〛Ⅲ.语法填空
“Equal pay for equal work” is a phrase by the American women who feel they are 1.(fair)treated by society.They think it is not right for women to be
paid less than men for the 2.amount of work.Some people say men have more duties than women.A married man has to earn money to support his family and make important 3.(decide),so it is right for them to be paid more.Some are even against married women 4.(work)at all.When wives go out to work,they say,the home and children are given no attention 5..If women are encouraged by equal pay to take up jobs,they will not be able to do the things 6.they are best at doing:making a nice home and bringing 7. children.Women who disagree say that they want to escape from the 8.(limit) place which society wishes them to fill and have the 9. (free) to choose between a
job and home life,or a 10. (mix) of the two.In fact women have the right not only to equal pay but also to equal chances.
Ⅳ.书面表达
(2017·全国Ⅱ卷)
假定你是李华,想邀请外教Henry一起参观中国剪纸(paper-cutting)艺术展。

请给他写封邮件,内容包括:
1.展览时间、地点;
2.展览内容。

注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

Yours,
Li Hua 答案：
Ⅰ.【语篇导读】本文共329词,为说明文。

主要说明沉默的含义由于文化的不同而不同,并具体说明在不同的国家沉默的含义和作用。

1.C 推理判断题。

根据第一段最后两句内容可推断出,在谈话过程中的沉默通常与文化密切相关,具有文化特异性。

2.A 细节理解题。

根据第二段内容可知,中国人与很多美国人一样,认为沉默是交流过程中的基本构成部分,谈话中出现沉默通常暗示听者需要仔细考虑。

3.D 细节理解题。

根据最后一段最后一句内容可知,作者建议护士们充分利用沉默的治愈价值来帮助护理病人。

4.B 主旨大意题。

通读全文内容可知,文章主要说明沉默具有文化特异性,在不同的文化中,沉默表达的含义和作用各不相同。

因此B项最具概括性。

Ⅱ.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍东西方文化的起源、发展和它们之间的差异性.
1.D 下文都是与两种不同的文化体系有关,文章开头说明“在总体上(on the whole)”造就文化差异的原因。

故选D项。

2.A 根据下文“the mother river is the Yellow River”和“the Hindu River”可知,中国和印度这两个国家的文化都是由“河流(rivers)”所孕育着。

故选A项。

3.C 强调两个事物的对比应用while。

故选C项。

4.B 由下文“formed their own styles”可知,经过数千年的“发展(develop)”,这两种文化形成了它们自己的风格。

故选B项。

5.A 一种文化应该是“逐渐地(gradually)”去传播。

故选A项。

6.B 当中国的唐朝文化传播到日本,与日本文化“融合(mix)”。

;故选B项。

7.C 由上文说明可知,中日两种文化相融合,进而“塑造(shape)”了日本现在的文化。

故选C 项。

8.B 由上文可知,日本文化是在和中国文化融合的基础上形成的,因而,中日文化虽有较大差异,但仍“属于(belong to)”同一文化体系。

故选B项。

9.C 衔接上文“When the two mother rivers gave birth to the eastern culture...”说明中印文化的源泉,接下来说明了另一种“孕育于(bring up)”美索不达米亚平原的文化。

故选C 项。

10.A 古希腊和古罗马文化是欧洲文化的“根基(bas e)”。

故选A项。

11.B 由下文中的also可知,西方文化的传播“像(like)”中国文化一样。

故选B项。

12.A 由下文所举的例子可知,欧洲文化的传播也“跨越(cross)”了海洋。

故选A项。

13.C 根据下文“their culture went with them over”可知,当英国殖民者登陆美洲,“定居(settle down)”下来,他们的文化也随着他们一道去到了美洲。

故选C项。

14.A 从上文说明欧洲文明与美洲文明的渊源来看,美洲文化和欧洲文化“区别(differ)”没有多少。

故选A项。

15.D 阅读本段可知,其主题是说明语言的“差异(distinction)”。

故选D项。

16.B 对应于前面的most languages可知,此处说明在东方,大多数的语言属于象形语言,而西方语言“主要(mostly)”是以拉丁语系为基础而演变过来的。

故选B项。

17.A 此处继续说明文化差异的原因,其他一些因素诸如人种上的差异也产生了“重要影响(count)”。

故选A项。

18.C 前一分句说明东西方之间远隔千山万水,路途又颇为险峻,后一分句说明直到最近几个世纪二者才开始有交流,前后存在因果关系,故选C项due to表示“因为”。

19.A 此处指两种文化的“交流(communicate)”。

故选A项。

20.D 前文说明的是原因,此处说明的是结果:这两种文化都是在互不干扰的情况下按照各自的模式形成并发展。

故选D项。

Ⅲ.1.unfairly 根据后面说明可知,美国女子认为她们和男子付出的劳动一样时没有得到和男子相同的报酬,故她们认为没有得到公平的对待。

此处应用fair的反义词的副词形式。

2.same 美国女子认为她们和男子付出的劳动一样时没有得到和男子相同的报酬。

3.decisions ma ke decisions“做出决定”。

4.working 此处用动词-ing形式做定语修饰married women。

5.to 此处为短语give attention to...。

6.that/which 此处填that/which引导定语从句修饰the things。

7.up bring up“教育,带大,抚养”。

8.limited 此处用形容词做定语,修饰place。

9.freedom have the freedom to do sth“有做某事的自由”。

10.mixture 有不定冠词a修饰应为名词,mix的名词形式为mixture。

Ⅳ.Dear Mr. Henry,
I’m writing to invite you to pay a visit to the Chinese Paper-cutting Art Exhibition together with me,which is to be held in our school.
The event is intended to take place in the gallery hall from 8:00 am to 10:00 am on May 9.All the students as well as the teachers of our school are expected to attend it.We’ll appreciate a variety of wonderful paper-cutting works,including flowers,birds,fishes and so on.I believe it is a good opportunity for you to have a better understanding of Chinese culture.
We’d appreciate it if you could come and join us.Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
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