2023年中考英语完形填空(科普环保类)专题练习(附答案)

2023年中考英语完形填空（科普环保类）专题练习（附答案）
一、完形填空
1．先通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms(节气). The Spring Equinox which is called chunfen in Chinese usually falls （1）March 20 or March 21 every year.
Standing an egg upright is a （2）game across the country during the Spring Equinox. People practice this tradition to celebrate the （3）of spring. It is believed that if someone can make the egg stand, he will have good luck in the future. It's also a good time to fly kites. In ancient times，people did not have good medical resources (资源)，（4）they wrote their medical problems on a paper kite to ask for good health. When the kite was in the air, people would （5）the line to let the paper kite fly away, which means the lying away of diseases.
（1）A．on B．in C．at D．between
（2）A．strict B．useful C．popular D．harmful
（3）A．coming B．ending C．moving D．stopping
（4）A．or B．so C．though D．because
（5）A．hold on B．turn on C．take off D．cut off
2．阅读下面两篇短文，根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的正确答案。

Now people can pay by scanning (扫描) their faces while shopping. Is it （1）to pay by scanning other parts of our bodies? Amazon has a new technology that scans （2）.
The technology can tell if the person is the right one by scanning his or her hand. The scanner examines things such as finger prints. It then sends a picture to a certain center which can decide who the person is.
In September 2019, Amazon made a payment system for a US supermarket. People can pay
（3）by scanning their hands under a machine. Their hand scan is connected to their bank cards, so they can pay successfully. It's quite convenient, especially for （4）people. With this new technology, people （5）take their cards with them. They just scan their hands.
（1）A．possible B．important C．strange
（2）A．eyes B．faces C．hands
（3）A．usually B．simply C．really
（4）A．old B．poor C．smart
（5）A．mustn't B．can't C．needn't
3．阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的三个或四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Do you like exercising in the sun? How much sunlight do you get every day? How much time do you spend in the （1）? As we all know，enough sunlight is good for our health. It gives us strong bones (骨骼) and good eyesight. It makes us happy and sleep better. Now scientists find out that it can even make you （2）.
Scientists did tests on mice. They give mice lots of sunlight. After that，the mice （3） a special thing named glutamic acid (谷氨酸) in their bodies. Glutamic acid does many things for our body. It can improve some of our abilities such as learning and remembering things.
It is OK to enjoy some sunlight for about an hour every day. But you should be （4）because it is summer now. The sun is very strong around noon. Keep yourself away from the sun around the noon, or it may （5）your skin (皮肤). It is best to enjoy sunlight in the morning or before sunset.
Why not go out and enjoy the （6）with your family or your best friends? I'm sure you can be smarter soon.
（1）A．moon B．sun C．night
（2）A．smarter B．taller C．thinner
（3）A．invent B．find C．produce
（4）A．careful B．serious C．clever
（5）A．shine B．burn C．dry
（6）A．time B．air C．sunlight
4．完形填空
In recent years, with more and more cars on the road, flying robots are used to deliver(递送) mails. Flying robots can （1）mails to people's houses without having to deal with heavy （2）.But they will spend too much time in returning. A research center is trying to improve its flying robots with the （3）of homing pigeons(信鸽).
Homing pigeons are pigeons that are （4）trained to fly home from somewhere else. In tests, researchers （5）that homing pigeons were （6）efficient(高效的) than flying robots at returning to their home. So the research center is trying to use a flying robot, together with a （7）, to deliver mails. After the robot finishes its tasks, it can （8）the pigeon back in the shortest possible
time.
Although it will cost more money to （9）pigeons, the research center says that it can （10）time. And the time it saves will make up for the cost.
（1）A．invite B．carry C．blow D．kick
（2）A．traffic B．rain C．fire D．pollution
（3）A．help B．luck C．treat D．interest
（4）A．poorly B．carelessly C．specially D．musically
（5）A．promised B．joked C．planned D．found
（6）A．less B．more C．little D．much
（7）A．homing pigeon B．big house C．leading person D．heavy car
（8）A．train B．knock C．follow D．steal
（9）A．dress B．paint C．clean D．raise
（10）A．expect B．show C．kill D．save
5．阅读短文，从每题A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出一个能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。

Your brain controls everything you do. It makes it （1）for you to think, learn, create and feel; to blink (眨眼) and breathe and for your heart to beat—this fantastic control center is your
（2） .
Can this small grey organ (器官) , which （3）less than one and a half kilos, really do so much? Amazingly, your brain contains about 100 billion neurons (神经元) —it would （4）you over 3,000 years to count them all. Believe it or not, the （5）in your brain never stops. Your neurons create and send more messages than all the phones in the world. And although one neuron （6）only a little electricity, all your neurons together can （7）enough electricity to supply a light bulb (灯泡).
So exactly how fast does your brain work? Well, imagine this: A bee lands on your foot. Neurons in your skin send this information to your brain （8） a speed of more than 240 kilometers per hour. Your brain then uses （9）neurons to send the message back to your foot to shake the bee off （10） . These neurons can send this （11）at more than 320 kilometers per hour. No computer has your brain's unbelievable ability to deal with the amount of information coming from your eyes, ears and other sensory organs.
But how does your brain allow you （12）things that you will use in the future? The
structure (结构) of your brain changes every time you have a new （13）, remember or learn something. For example, riding a bike seems impossible at first, （14）soon you are able to do it. How? As you practice, your brain （15）“bike riding” messages again and again. Soon, the actions are learned and you are able to ride a bike easily from then on.
（1）A．possible B．impossible C．polite D．impolite
（2）A．mouth B．brain C．eye D．heart
（3）A．works B．takes C．weighs D．grows
（4）A．take B．cost C．spend D．pay
（5）A．action B．electricity C．breath D．activity
（6）A．creates B．invents C．discovers D．finds
（7）A．provide B．protect C．produce D．become
（8）A．in B．at C．with D．for
（9）A．other B．another C．the other D．others
（10）A．quickly B．quietly C．probably D．carefully
（11）A．news B．product C．information D．purpose
（12）A．to think B．to learn C．to use D．to change
（13）A．mind B．sense C．feeling D．thought
（14）A．so B．because C．and D．but
（15）A．offers B．takes C．sends D．leaves 6．Probably通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和D）中选出一个最佳选项。

Do you want to know what your dog is thinking about？Besides（除……之外)guessing from his barks（吠声），we can also find out （1）he thinks from his body language.
First, （2）the tail. If it wags（摆动）gently, it means your dog is friendly and
（3）. It s a perfect time for you to play with your dog. If the tail wags fast, your dog is excited. That usually （4）when he meets other animals. When your dog wants to show that he is afraid, he will bend(弯曲) his tail downwards. When he wants to greet you, his tail will move （5） a big circle.
When two dogs （6）each other, they are trying to show that one of them is more powerful. Usually, the bigger dog （7）and the smaller dog will look away.
Now, you can look at your dog s mouth. If it opens a little bit and looks relaxed, that is the
（8）we all like to see. Be （9）if your dog shows his teeth. This means " Are you threatening（成胁）（10）? See these teeth?I know how to use them."
（11）, the dog's actual body position (位置) will tell you a lot. A position of front down, bottom up means"Let s play! "The （12）position, front high, back low means he is afraid or excited. Standing straight hows his confidence.
Once you （13）how to guess what your dog is thinking, you will be much better able to stop any harm （14）it starts. When you want to play with your dog, try to do the front down, bottom up position. It looks as if you were speaking his （15）!
（1）A．what B．why C．when D．how
（2）A．record B．spread C．control D．check
（3）A．excited B．relaxed C．worried D．tired
（4）A．fails B．changes C．happens D．disappears
（5）A．in B．to C．for D．with
（6）A．look for B．look at C．think of D．part with
（7）A．wins B．loses C．arrives D．eaves
（8）A．energy B．courage C．smile D．power
（9）A．brave B．strong C．useful D．careful
（10）A．me B．him C．her D．them
（11）A．Probably B．Suddenly C．Recently D．Finally
（12）A．strange B．usual C．crazy D．opposite
（13）A．learn B．forget C．promise D．question
（14）A．until B．before C．unless D．though
（15）A．choice B．language C．rule D．answer
7．阅读短文，掌握其大意，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。

Eleven-year-old Cherry Holmes is walking along the beach with her big sister and a friend. Wearing gloves to （1）their hands from any sharp objects, they are （2） a large rubbish bag with everything from fishing line and dirty plastic bottles to old shopping bags.
The girls are taking part in International Beach Cleanup Day. It's an annual event that helps people see the （3）of keeping the world's oceans clean and sea-life safe. （4）, a lot of rubbish never goes into a rubbish bin. Instead, it blows on the wind, and travels down rivers to the sea.
Rubbish isn't just ugly — it can be （5）for animals that live in the water. Sometimes animals get caught up in rubbish and die. Sometimes they eat rubbish that poisons them. Sea turtles, for example, often mistake plastic bags for the jellyfish they love to eat.
"When they first ask us to take part, I felt terrible! We had to （6）rubbish!" says Cherry. "But when I got there I found it was really （7）! I liked meeting all the other people and improving the （8）."
This one-day event sends out an important message: "We are all connected to the ocean. We can help keep the ocean clean by （9）rubbish in the right place. Take the extra time to place rubbish in the bin instead of throwing it on the ground, and （10）everything we can to reduce pollution," say the event organizers.
（1）A．hide B．protect C．warm D．wash
（2）A．filling B．emptying C．making D．collecting
（3）A．danger B．doubt C．importance D．ability
（4）A．Importantly B．Unfortunately C．Finally D．Actually
（5）A．smelly B．helpful C．attractive D．dangerous
（6）A．cry out B．find out C．look up D．pick up
（7）A．tiring B．dirty C．fun D．surprising
（8）A．relationship B．weather C．environment D．families
（9）A．talking B．putting C．finding D．losing
（10）A．buy B．eat C．replace D．recycle
8．阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出能填入短文相应空白处的最佳选项。

Many of us enjoy watching animals in the world. But do you know they can teach us?
Geese(大雁), for example, teach us a very good lesson about （1） . In the fall. Canada's geese fly to the warm south to get away from Canada's cold winter. They lift off in no order. Yet （2）they form a V shape, with one bird leading the group.
This V shape allows geese to （3）energy. When the front bird moves its wings up and down, the resulting force of the air lifts the next one. This continues down the line. The bird in front has the （4）job. When it gets tired, it moves behind, and （5）bird moves into the lead By
（6）the role, the group can travel great distances (距离).Geese flying in a V shape can fly 70 percent
farther without rest than birds flying alone.
（7）the long flying travel, geese communicate with one another. They honk (鸣叫)to encourage the birds up front to （8）the speed. They also cheer each other （9）working toward a common goal.
What have we learned from the lovely geese's experiences and skills? （10）together! Whether it is our personal lives or our jobs, we need other people. We need the spirit of teamwork!
（1）A．teamwork B．success C．friendship
（2）A．busily B．quickly C．bravely
（3）A．create B．waste C．save
（4）A．hardest B．easiest C．worst
（5）A．other B．the other C．another
（6）A．sharing B．to share C．shared
（7）A．Among B．During C．Through
（8）A．keep up B．keep back C．keep out
（9）A．until B．after C．while
（10）A．Work B．Travel C．Live
答案
1．（1）A；（2）C；（3）A；（4）B；（5）D 2．（1）A；（2）C；（3）B；（4）A；（5）C
3．（1）B；（2）A；（3）C；（4）A；（5）B；（6）C
4．（1）B；（2）A；（3）A；（4）C；（5）D；（6）B；（7）A；（8）C；（9）D；（10）D
5．（1）A；（2）B；（3）C；（4）A；（5）D；（6）A；（7）C；（8）B；（9）A；（10）A；（11）C；（12）B；（13）D；（14）D；（15）C
6．（1）A；（2）D；（3）B；（4）C；（5）A；（6）B；（7）A；（8）C；（9）D；（10）A；（11）D；（12）D；（13）A；（14）B；（15）B
7．（1）B；（2）A；（3）C；（4）B；（5）D；（6）D；（7）C；（8）C；（9）B；（10）D
8．（1）A；（2）B；（3）C；（4）A；（5）C；（6）A；（7）B；（8）A；（9）C；（10）A。