16字征服四六级汉译英之二：合理断并
2021年12月大学英语六级长难句翻译
2021年12月大学英语六级长难句翻译【篇一】2021年12月大学英语六级长难句翻译1. The American economic system is organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.[参考译文]美国的经济是以基本的私有企业和市场导向经济为架构的，在这种经济中，消费者很大水准上通过在市场上为那些他们最想要的货品和服务付费来决定什么应该被制造出来。
2. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.[参考译文]所以，在美国的经济体系中，个体消费者的需求与商人试图化其利润的欲望和个人想化其收入效用的欲望相结合，一起决定了什么应该被制造，以及资源如何被用来制造它们。
3. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product.[参考译文]另一方面，如果大量制造某种商品导致其成本下降，那么这就有可能增加卖方和制造商能提供的供给，而这也就会反过来降低价格并允许更多的消费者购买产品。
16字征服四六级汉译英之二：合理断并
16字征服四六级汉译英之一：合理断并汉语句子结构较为松散，存在许多流水句，句与句之间多用逗号来连接。
汉语中逗号的大量使用乃至随意使用给汉译英翻译带来很大困难。
我们注意到，不少考生索性将汉语原文中的逗号完全原封不动地转移到英译文之中，严重违背了英语作文的基本规范。
此外，汉语短句多且断句间往往不添加关联词以彰显逻辑关系，但译为英文时完全可以将某些汉语短句合并起来。
在实际汉英操作中，考生应在研读原文和考虑自身语言能力的基础上，首先做出是断还是并的决策。
以下分别就断句和并句提出一些方法。
一、断句（一）在原文主语变化处断句【例1】在明清期间，茶馆遍布全国，/饮茶在六世纪传到日本，但直到18世纪才传到欧美，/如今，茶是世界上最流行的饮料(beverage)之一。
（CET-4:1312）【参考译文】In the Ming and Qing dynasties, tea houses spread all over the country. Tea drinking was introduced into Japan in the 6th century while it had not been introduced into Europe or the United States until the 18th century. Nowadays, tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world.【解析】这是一个典型的流水句，类似句子在汉语中可谓俯拾皆是。
大体而言，原文可分为三个部分。
第一部分谈茶馆，第二部分谈饮茶这一习俗的对外传播，第三部分谈茶的现状。
鉴于此，可将这段中文处理为三个英文小句。
【例2】同样，中国的丝绸、茶叶和瓷器也传遍各地，/欧洲也是通过丝绸之路出口各种商品和植物，满足中国市场的需要。
（CET-6:13-12）【参考译文】Similarly, Chinese silk, tea and porcelain were also spread to the rest of the world through the Silk Road. And Europe exported all kinds of goods and plants through the Silk Roadto meet the needs of the Chinese market.【例3】许多人喜欢中餐，/在中国，烹饪不仅被视为一种技能，而且也被视为一种艺术。
HowtoKeepaConversationGoing
How to Keep a Conversation Going & Never Run Out of Things to Say One of the BIGGEST problems you may face when trying to meet new friends is the awkward silence. Encountering this situation is so uncomfortable that it can even force you to avoid meeting new people in the first place, but there is a way to get around it. In the past, I I struggled with this so much that I thought it could never be solved. I even thought it had to do with my DNA or something… but I proved myself wrong when I learned how to solve it. Not knowing how to keep a conversation going can really harm your social life, but if you know how to keep those words flowing, you can meet, talk to, and get to know pretty much anyone you like—creating great possibilities for friendship, fun, and shared activities that you would otherwise have missed out on.Why You Run Out of Things to SayAfter studying this in depth, I found patterns of behavior that can keep you from making great conversation with people. One of these common behaviors is the habit of filtering—holding back from saying something until you’ve “checked” with yourself to make sure that what you’re about to say is cool, impressive, smart, and interesting. What does that do to your conversation ability? It kills it! Another problem is not learning to get in the mood for conversation. If you spent a whole day working or studying analytical or logical subjects, and you don’t know how to switch from that, then it can take a lot of time to warm up and start interacting with people socially. You can overcome this simply by learning a few new skills, such as the ones listed below. Once you do that, you’ll be able to talk to new people, and make friends, much more easily.How to Keep Conversations GoingLet’s get you started with a coupl e of basic, yet solid techniques on how to be agreat conversationalist:Conversation technique #1 No FilteringThis is the reflex that allows you to say whatever goes on in your mind. No filtering, no checking with yourself ”would I sound cool if I say this?”. None of that. The best way to practice this is to start doing it with people you kind of know—do you dare to try it? It’s fun to realize that you’re allowed to say whatever is on your mind, and no-one is going to judge you for it. As long as you don’t say anything that could land you in jail, you’re okay! People don’t care too much about how “awesome” what you’re saying is, because they’re too focused on how THEY are coming across. Get it? If so, let’s move on…Conversation technique #2 “Interesting, tell me more!”This works 99% of the time. It’s a surefire technique, and it works especially well for beginners. People love to know that you’re interested in what they have to say, so if you show some interest, they’ll hang around and want to talk to you even more. All of the “oh! that’s interesting…”, “Hmm, I’ve never heard of that”, “Hmm, cool!”expressions are reactionary bits of conversation that prove to the other person that you’re really listening, and that’s very flattering to them.Conversation technique #3 Stories from EverywhereEveryone knows that stories juice-up conversations, but most people only talk about stories their own lives. You don’t have to draw from your own experience when speaking with someone: you can use stories from anywhere, from stories that happened to people you know, to those you came across via the radio, TV, magazines, etc. How can you integrate the stories into your conversation? The key is to first realize that you can use them. You’ve already heard them, and t he more interesting or weird they are, the harderthey are to forget, so you’re all good. Your brain doesn’t lose them. When someone mentions something related to any of them, just tell the story, even if it’s not from your life. It can be any silly story, short or long, interesting, or totally awkward—just use it! People love talking to people who can just share stuff openly like that. These techniques should get you started, but if you want to take it to an advanced level—to the point where you can just have fun when talking to anyone, meet the right people you want in your life, and be able to make friends with them fast—then I recommend that you take a little time to learn more about how conversations work. If you do that, you’ll make conversations far more interesting, with natural ease, avoiding all awkward silences that might prevent you from meeting the right friends that you would love to have around.。
四六级写作常用句型和翻译高频词汇
• 比起女人，男人总是宁可在家睡觉也不愿花那么多时间来购物
• Compared with women, men always prefer to sleep at home rather than spend so much time shopping。
• act on 奉行，按照…行动; act as 扮演; act for 代理 in addition (=besides) 此 外， 又， 加之 adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗邻的， 临近的
• adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于 . adjust..(to) (=change slightly)调节; 适应 in advance (before in time) 预告， 事先
他们太累了，除了伸懒腰什么都做不了
They were all so tired that they could do nothing but yawn 4. such…that
天气非常冷，以致于街上一个人都没有
It was such a cold day that there was nobody on the street。 5. would rather do…than do
你看见桌子上有两只笔吗?一支是红色的，另一支是黑色的
Have you seen two pens on the desk? One is red, the other is black 10. not…until
直到他告诉我发生的事，我才了解真相
I didn’t know the truth until she told me what happened。
how to get the poor off our conscience翻译+原文
如何使我们不为穷人的存在而疚1.我想认真地思考人类最古老的一种活动，这项活动持续了多年，实际上已经超过了几个世纪，那就是尝试怎样使我们不为穷人的存在而疚。
2.贫穷和富有从一开始就共生在一起，彼此很不愉快有时还充满危险。
普鲁塔克说：“贫富失衡乃政体最致命的宿疾。
”富有和贫穷持续共存产生的问题，特别是如何证明在其他人还贫穷时我们富有是有道理的这一问题。
成为有思想有学问的人几百年来孜孜不倦地思考探索的问题。
3.《圣经》提出了最初的解决之道：在现世遭受贫穷的人来世会得到更好的回报。
他们的贫穷是暂时的灾难：如果贫穷但却能顺从，他们将来就会成为世界的主人。
在某种程度上这就是最理想的解决方法。
这样一来，富人就可以一边嫉妒穷人的美好前途一边享受他们的财富。
4.很长时间之后，即在1776年《国富论》发表二三十年之后——在英国工业革命开始之后——贫穷不均的问题及其解决办法开始具有了现代的形式。
杰里米•本瑟姆，这位与亚当•斯密几乎是同时代的人，提出了这样一种准则，在某种程度上，美国人认为这一准则在英国几乎50年来一直影响显著，这就是实用主义学说。
“通过实用的原则，”本瑟姆在1789年指出，“也就是在每次行动中，依照政党各方利益受影响的好坏趋势，来赞同刚或则否决该项行动的原则。
”实用，实际上一定是以自我为中心的。
然而，社会中只有少数人拥有大量财富，却有更多人没有财富。
只要遵循本瑟姆的——“最大的利益给最多的人”，就能够解决社会问题。
社会尽力满足更多人的利益，然而对于那些利益没有被满足的人来说，这个结果是悲哀的。
5.在19世纪30年代，一种新的准则成为使我们不为穷人的存在感到疚的有效办法，迄今为止它的影响也丝毫没有减弱。
这是与股票家戴维•里卡多和托马斯•罗伯特•马尔萨斯神父联系在一起的。
它的本质很为人们所熟悉：穷人的贫穷是他们自己的错误。
贫穷是他们过度生育的结果。
很遗憾，他们不能控制性欲，过度生育把地球具有的养活人口的能力推向极限。
2021年12月大学英语四六级翻译黄金必做13句
2021年12月大学英语四六级翻译黄金必做13句2021年12月大学英语四六级翻译黄金必做13句，更多关于英语四六级考试技巧等信息，请访问本店铺。
1. 人们常用剪纸美化居家环境。
方法1：第一步：人们【常】(用)剪纸【美化居家环境】。
第二步：Peopleoften use paper cutting to beautify their living environment.方法2：第一步：人们【常用剪纸】(美化)居家环境。
第二步：Peopleoften beautify their houses with paper cutting.说明：第一道题，我们就用了两种种方式来解读一句话，也告诉大家翻译非常灵活，希望大家学会一些变通手段。
2.中国应该进一步发展核能，因为核电目前只占其总发电数的2%。
第一步：中国(应该)【进一步】(发展)核能，因为核电【目前】【只】(占)【其总发电数的】2%。
第二步：主干：China should develop its nuclear energy, because itsnuclear power accounts for 2% of________.总发电数：total generating capacity完整：China should further develop its nuclear energy, because its nuclear power currently accounts for only 2% of its total generating capacity.说明：这道题告诉大家，积累词汇非常重要!如果真的不知道总发电数，只能写成total electricity，尽管不准确，但是评卷是不会因此扣去很多分数，评卷的分数只要依赖于译文的整体印象。
3.为了促进教育公平，中国已经投入360亿元，用于改善农村地区教育设施和加强中西部地区农村义务教育。
英语四六级考试译文笔记 第29篇
英语作文写作及翻译老师笔记（四六级考试）1.今天的能源公司极为在乎形象，他们会不余遗力地避免关于破坏环境的不利报道。
Energy companies today are extremely image-conscious（1.在乎形象）and go out of their way to （2.不余遗力地）avoid bad publicity （3.不利报道）over environmental damage.1- image-conscious词典释义：image['ɪm.ɪdʒ] nouncountable or uncountable■the way that something or someone is thought of byother people （他人心中的）形象，印象；声誉•The aim is to improve the public image of the police.目的在于改善员警的公众形象。
•The company has made strenuous attempts to improveits image in recent years.公司近年来作出了极大的努力来改善自身形象。
•He's terribly image -conscious (= tries to dress andbehave in a way that other people will admire).他非常在意自己的形象。
外刊例句：An increasing number of image-conscious properties havebegun connecting the dots between unbylined write-upsthat appear on such popular travel sites as TripAdvisor orYelp, and your personal information, such as your loyaltyprogram preferences. （）越来越多在意形象的酒店开始把诸如TripAdvisor和Yelp等著名旅游网站的匿名评论与顾客的个人信息（比如对于忠诚计划的喜好）联系在一起。
Unit 2 大学英语四六级段落翻译 poverty-relief主题词汇
1.poverty-relief扶贫2. China's current poverty line中国现行贫困标准3.Personal per capita disposable income全国居民人均可支配收4.people living in poverty in rural areas 农村贫困人口5. people relocated from inhospitable areas易地扶贫搬迁人口6. homes in rundown urban areas棚户区住房7. dilapidated rural houses农村危房8. living standards生活水平9. fight against poverty脱贫攻坚10. the poverty headcount ratio/the incidence of poverty贫困发生率11. The threshold for individual income tax个人所得税起征点12. special additional deduction专项附加扣除13.strengthen the economic foundation, enhance sustainability, and improve people’s lives 强基础、增后劲、惠民生14. people-centered development philosophy人民为中心15. international poverty line国际贫困标准16. working mechanism with central government responsible for overall planning, provincial-level governments assuming overall responsibility, and city and county governments responsible for program implementation.中央统筹、省负总责、市县抓落实的工作机制17. rural residents living in poverty农村贫困人口18. contiguous areas of extreme poverty集中连片特困地区19. the domestic and overseas export of labor劳务输出20. building the self-development capacity增强自我发展能力21. mechanisms for coordinating poverty reduction扶贫协作机制22. The system for ensuring responsibility is taken for poverty elimination脱贫攻坚责任制23. evaluations and assessment评估考核24. wellbeing of the people民生25. three-year renovation plan to address housing in rundown urban areas三年棚改攻坚计划26.public-rental housing units 公租房27. dilapidated houses built of such materials as beaten earth, and timber and bark破旧泥草房、土坯房、树皮房等危房28. eligible houseless first-time workers符合条件的新就业无房职工29. housing rental market住房租赁市场30. shared ownership housing共有产权住房31. the three critical battles三大攻坚战32. structural deleveraging结构性去杠杆33. shake off poverty脱贫34.manipulation of numbers in poverty elimination work 数字脱贫35. development-oriented poverty alleviation开发式扶贫36. guarantee their basic standards of living by improving various assurance programs完善各项保障制度来保障基本生活37. increase the supply of elderly care services增加养老服务供给38. raise the accessibility of medical services增强医疗服务的便利性39. far-flung areas边远地区40. the gap between the rich and the poor贫富差距41. Adequate food and clothing温饱42. absolute poverty standard 绝对贫困标准43.hamper overall economic development妨碍总体经济发展44.aggravate social contradictions加剧社会矛盾45.impoverished mountainous area贫困山区46. regional disparity地区差异47. illiteracy rate 文盲率48. low per capita income人均收入低49. The income gap further widens.收入差距进一步扩大50.targeted poverty reduction and alleviation精准扶贫精准脱贫51. strengthen rural compulsory education加强农村义务教育52. targeted poverty alleviation精准扶贫53. take advantage of local resources 利用本地资源54. step up infrastructure construction加强基础设施建设55. rural tourism乡村旅游56. new rural construction新农村建设。
catti 2级 16 汉译英 合并译法(三)
合并译法是汉译英中的一种重要技术手段，是指将原文中的两个或多个成分合而为一进行翻译。
通过合并译法，可以更好地保持原文的信息完整性和语言特色，同时也能使译文更加流畅自然。
在实际翻译中，合并译法被广泛运用，并且有着多种不同的表现形式。
本文将从三个方面探讨合并译法在汉译英中的具体运用。
一、合并表示时间、地点和方式的短语在汉语中，表示时间、地点和方式的短语往往较为复杂，包含了多个成分。
在翻译时，可以采用合并译法将这些成分合而为一，以达到简洁明了的效果。
例如：1. 原文：他在昨天的会议上发表了重要讲话。
译文：He made an important speech at yesterday's meeting.2. 原文：她以开朗的方式对待每一个挑战。
译文：She approached every challenge in a cheerful manner. 二、合并主谓结构中的定语和状语在汉语中，定语和状语往往出现在主谓结构中，翻译时可以将其合并到主谓结构中，以提高译文的连贯性和流畅度。
例如：1. 原文：这些问题对我们的工作产生了严重影响。
译文：These problems have had a serious impact on our work.2. 原文：他以非常积极的态度应对了各种困难。
译文：He has dealt with various difficulties in a highly positive manner.三、合并句子成分中的并列结构在汉译英中，有时可以将句子成分中的并列结构合并为一个整体进行翻译，以简化表达并提高语言流畅度。
例如：1. 原文：他既是一名科学家，也是一位教育家。
译文：He is both a scientist and an educator.2. 原文：她不仅是一位演员，还是一名导演。
译文：She is not only an actress but also a director.通过以上三个方面的具体分析，可以看出合并译法在汉译英中的重要性和灵活性。
英语四六级100句翻译
1.中国有14.04亿人,是世界上人口最多的国家。
China is the world's most populous country, with a population of around 1.404 billion.2.中国国土面积约960万平方公里,陆地面积位居世界第二位。
Covering approximately 9.6 million square kilometres (3.7 million square miles), it is the world's second-largest state by land area.3.中国下辖22个省,5个自治区和4个直辖市以及香港和澳门特别行政区,对台湾拥有主权。
It exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four direct-controlled municipalities and the Special Administrative Regions Hong Kong and Macau, also claiming sovereignty over Taiwan.4.中国在华北平原肥沃的黄河盆地成为了世界上最早的文明古国之一。
China emerged as one of the world's earliest civilizations in the fertile basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain.5.自那时起,中国历经多次领土扩张,分裂和重新统一。
Since then, China has expanded, fractured, and re-unified numerous times.6.自从1978年实行经济改革以来,中国的经济增速一直位居世界前列。
16字征服四六级汉译英之：六级实战(一)
16字征服四六级汉译英之：六级实战（一）《大学英语四级汉译英16字真经》、《大学英语六级汉译英16字真经》编写团队供稿孔子是中国春秋末期思想家、教育家、政治家，晚年致力于教育事业，传弟子有3000人，著名者72人。
他提倡“有教无类”，不论贫富贵贱，人人都应享有接受教育的机会。
他开办私学，广招学生，打破了奴隶主贵族对学校教育的垄断，让平民也有机会享受学校教育。
他在教学实践中最早采用因材施教的方法，即根据各个学生的具体情况，采取不同的教育方法。
孔子的教育思想影响了中国历代的教育家，对我国当代的教育改革也具有重大的指导意义。
一、理清时态本文讲述的是古代的人，古代的事，而过去某一时候或某一段时间所发生的事情应该选用一般过去时。
不过要注意最后一句出现信号词“影响了”，这里应该是现在完成时。
二、合理断并本文逻辑清晰，主语单一，可以根据意群来断句。
也可以进行更细的划分，如“孔子是中国春秋末期思想家、教育家、政治家，/（他）晚年致力于教育事业，/传（他）弟子有3,000人，著名者72人。
/”孔子是中国春秋末期思想家、教育家、政治家，晚年致力于教育事业，/传弟子有3000人，著名者72人。
/他提倡“有教无类”，不论贫富贵贱，人人都应享有接受教育的机会。
/他开办私学，广招学生，打破了奴隶主贵族对学校教育的垄断，让平民也有机会享受学校教育。
/他在教学实践中最早采用因材施教的方法，即根据各个学生的具体情况，采取不同的教育方法。
/孔子的教育思想影响了中国历代的教育家，对我国当代的教育改革也具有重大的指导意义。
三、找准主干，梳理枝叶1. 孔子是中国春秋末期思想家、教育家、政治家，晚年致力于教育事业，【参考译文1】Confucius, a great philosopher, educator, politician at the end of the Spring and Autumn period, devoted his later years to education.【解析】此处句式为“某某是什么，他怎么样（做什么）”，可以将“是什么”变为同位语，修饰主语，简洁明了。
四六级翻译练习题讲解及答案
[翻译技巧] 名师总结2011四六级考试翻译主要考点四级翻译部分为汉译英，共5个句子，一句一题，句长为15-30词，句中的一部分已用英文给出，考生需根据全句意思将汉语部分译成英语，考试时间5分钟。
翻译题重点考察考生对语法结构及常用英语表达习惯的掌握情况。
若考生语法功底较好且句型和词组储备丰富，那么此题不会太为难。
和作文相比，翻译虽只是个把句子，但来路不明难以猜测。
作文尚可背诵模板以备执笔急需之用，而翻译则全无，它微小零星却锋利难防，并将考生模板式作文的画皮扯下，暴露其撰句能力的真实面目，所以令人可畏。
根据近几年的翻译真题来看，针对某项语法重复考察率比较高，所以对曾经考察过的语法点依然不可松懈。
下面所提一些重点语法工程，并提出一些建议，希望对大家的备考有所帮助。
（1）句型以及其倒装使用2008年6月翻译真题第91题：__________________________(直到他完成使命)did he realize that he was seriously ill. (Key：Not until he accomplished / finished the mission )建议：以此类推，掌握如下常用句型（以倒装方式给出）Not only ……..but also……So ( Such )…that……..Not until……….Neither…..nor……..Hardly …..when……..No sooner ……than…….Only by /through /in …., …………..例：Not only __________ (他向我收费过高)but he didn’t do a good repair. （key：did he charge me too much）（2）从句a. 定语从句2008年12月翻译真题第87题：Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems _________________(他们至今还没有答案) （Key :which/that they haven’t found answers to）b. 状语从句真题中出现过如if 条件状语从句（2007 年6月第91题），no matter引导的让步状语从句（2007年12月第89题和2008年6月第89题）建议：关于定语从句，到目前为止所考察的均为关系代词which/ that等所引导的，所以考生需额外留意关系副词where/ when/how 所引导的定语从句。
笔译考试常用翻译技巧：拆句法和合并法
笔译考试常⽤翻译技巧：拆句法和合并法 拆句法和合并法： 这是两种相对应的翻译⽅法。
拆句法是把⼀个长⽽复杂的句⼦拆译成若⼲个较短、较简单的句⼦，通常⽤于英译汉;合并法是把若⼲个短句合并成⼀个长句，⼀般⽤于汉译英。
汉语强调意合，结构较松散，因此简单句较多;英语强调形合，结构较严密，因此长句较多。
所以汉译英时要根据需要注意利⽤连词、分词、介词、不定式、定语从句、独⽴结构等把汉语短句连成长句;⽽英译汉时⼜常常要在原句的关系代词、关系副词、主谓连接处、并列或转折连接处、后续成分与主体的连接处，以及意群结束处将长句切断，译成汉语分句。
这样就可以基本保留英语语序，顺译全句，顺应现代汉语长短句相替、单复句相间的句法修辞原则。
如： (1)Increased cooperation with China is in the interests of the United States. 同中国加强合作，符合美国的利益。
(在主谓连接处拆译) (2)I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world. 我要感谢你们⽆与伦⽐的盛情款待。
中国⼈民正是以这种热情好客⽽闻明世界的。
(在定语从句前拆译) (3)This is particularly true of the countries of the commonwealth, who see Britain’s membership of the Community a guarantee that the policies of the community will take their interests into account 英联邦各国尤其如此，它们认为英国加⼊欧共体，将能保证欧共体的政策照顾到它们的利益。
英语四六级考试译文笔记 第26篇
英语作文写作及翻译老师笔记（四六级考试）1.越来越多可以提供安全交易的可信赖的在线购物网站，加上曾经伴随网上购物而出现的欺骗和假冒行为正快速成为过去的事实，使得人们越来越乐意在网上购物。
The growing number of trustworthy online shopping sites that provide secure transactions（1.安全交易）, coupled with the fact that（2.加上……的事实）scams and fraud（3.欺骗和假冒行为）that once associated with（4.伴随）online shopping are quickly becoming a thing of the past, has made people more willing to shop on the Web.1- secure transactions词典释义：secureUK[sɪ'kjʊər] US[-'kjʊr] adjectivePROTECTED受保护的■(especially of objects, situations, etc.) able to avoid being harmed by any risk, danger or threat （尤指物品、境况等）安全的•Car manufacturers ought to produce vehicles which aremore secure against theft.汽车制造商应该生产出防盗更佳的汽车。
•Endangered species need to be kept secure from poachers.应该保护濒危物种不被盗猎。
transaction[træn'zæk.ʃən] noun countable or uncountable■when someone buys or sells something, or when moneyis exchanged 交易（人们购买或出售物品，或兑换金钱货币）•a business transaction生意•Each transaction at the foreign exchange counter seems to take forever.外币兑换柜枱的每笔交易似乎都要花很长时间。
2022下CATTI真题解析(汉译英-二级笔译)(3)
2022下CATTI真题解析（汉译英-二级笔译）01第一篇01在新冠疫情全球蔓延的困难时刻，东亚国家选择了开放合作。
At a difficult time when COVID-19 pandemic was rampaging across the world, East Asian countries opted for openness and cooperation.RCEP的签署给区域经济复苏注入了新动能。
RCEP将进一步促进东亚地区的贸易和投资，加强区域产业链供应链合作，实现地区国家优势互补、互惠互利。
The signing of RCEP has injected new momentum into regional economic recovery. RCEP will give a further boost to the trade and investment in East Asia, bolster regional cooperation in industrial and supply chains, and play to the complementary advantages and mutual-benefit ties among countries in the region.作为东亚经济增长的主要引擎，中国率先控制疫情并实现经济复苏，助力地区国家应对疫情冲击。
As the powerhouse of economic growth in East Asia, China was the first country to contain the outbreaks and usher in speedy economic recovery, setting a stellar example for countries in the region in fighting the pandemic.▋解析：1. 蔓延译文用到了rampage一词。
句酷批改网登陆首页
句酷批改网登陆首页篇一：句酷批改网作文范文标题：大学生参加社会实践字数: 不低于100字并且不高于500 字满分: 100要求：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled College Students Should Take Part in Social Practice following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.1、很多大学生缺乏社会实践2、大学生应该参加社会实践3、我的观点范文:According to a survey, in recent years, many universities ignored the phenomenon that college students did not have enough chance to take part in social practice leaded to they lacked the ability to adapt to society in the future. When we asked college students whether they had engaged in social practice, most of them said no. I take it for granted that social practice can bring many benefits to college student. In the first instance, social practice can offer students adequate chance to meet various people in society. They can accumulate enough experience and use it in the future career. The second thing that must be taken into consideration is that it is a great opportunity for them put theory into practice and improve their In a word, I take the attitude that social practice is a critical thing for university students and they should also learn how to balance between study and work.标题：Five(Three) Famous Symbols of Chinese Culture字数: 不低于100字并且不高于500 字满分: 100要求：字数200字左右，须有中心，围绕一个中心选取三至五个具有中国特征的事物描写As we know, China is one of the countries with the longest history of ancient civilization in the world. Our ancestors made a contribution to our country even world with a wealth of cultural legacy.One of the famous symbols of Chinese Culture is the Yellow River. It is the second longest river in China and considered as Mother river of Chinese individual. It is generally recognized that Huang Di was born here and Nu Wa was made by mud from Yellow River.Chinese knot is also a famous symbol in culture. Our ancestors used it to record things but now it is mainly used for decoration in the Favorite Spring. It must be emphasized that Chinese knot represents love, harmony and marry.The last symbol that must be taken into consideration is The Great Wall. The Great Wall was built by ordinary people to avoid other countries attacking ourselves at the beginning. It is called as world miracle was made by intelligent individual.The Yellow River, Chinese knot and The Great Wall, represents Chinese outstanding culture and it is just a part of the Chinese excellent culture. I hope everyone from the world could learnthe acknowledgeable about Chinese culture.篇二：批改网使用手册句酷批改网使用手册上海�此嫉缱蛹际跤邢薰�司1目录目录 ........................................................................... .. (2)一、教师使用流程 ........................................................................... . (4)1.1 教师登录 ........................................................................... .. (4)1.2 布置作文 ........................................................................... .. (4)1.2.1 布置新作文 ........................................................................... .. (4)1.2.2 布置摘要和论文 ........................................................................... .. (8)1.2.3 修改或删除作文题目 ........................................................................... . (9)1.3 查看学生作文 ........................................................................... .. (9)1.4批改作文 ........................................................................... .. (11)1.4.1批改作文 ........................................................................... (11)1.4.2查看学生抄袭情况 ........................................................................... .. (13)1.4.3作文列表页功能介绍 ........................................................................... (14)1.5学期总评 ........................................................................... .. (15)1.6班级管理 ........................................................................... .. (16)1.7个人网站 ........................................................................... .. (17)1.8修改资料 ........................................................................... .. (18)2.8.1修改个人信息 ........................................................................... (18)1.8.2上传头像 ........................................................................... (18)1.8.3修改密码 ........................................................................... (19)1.9退出账户 ........................................................................... .. (20)二、学生流程 ........................................................................... .. (21)22.1 学生注册 ........................................................................... (21)2.2提交作文 ........................................................................... .. (22)2.2.1提交作文 ........................................................................... (22)2.2.2修改作文 ........................................................................... (24)2.3查看批改结果 ........................................................................... . (24)2.4导出作文 ........................................................................... .. (26)2.5修改资料 ........................................................................... .. (26)3.5.1修改个人信息 ........................................................................... (26)2.5.2上传头像 ........................................................................... (27)2.5.3修改密码 ........................................................................... (27)2.6退出账户 ........................................................................... .. (28)三、常见问题 ........................................................................... .. (29)3.1教师使用常见问题 ........................................................................... (29)3.2学生使用常见问题 ........................................................................... (30)3一、教师使用流程教师使用批改网的流程如下：1.1 教师登录? 在网址栏输入 访问批改网首页；? 输入帐户名，密码，完成登录1.2 布置作文1.2.1 布置新作文? 教师布置作文步骤如下：4? 登录教师页面；? 点击【布置新作文】进入作文布置页面；? 点击【作文】，根据页面内容填写作文题目，要求，设置作文题目，然后点击【布置作文】即可布置一篇简单的作文题目。
四六级核心词汇(完全版)
Avoidvoidinevitablevainvanishvacantvacancyvacationvacuumevacuate第二关：（10个：分两组）State 阶段状态Statement 声明Statesman 政治家Thesis 论文HypothesisRate 速率ratingestimate underestimateRatioAttitude 态度altitudelatitudeEnhance 拥有第四关（45个分七组）processprocessorgraduate undergraduate ingredientaggressaggressivecongressprogress progressive proceed proceedings procedure precede preceding precedent unprecedented precedence priorityprior第二节课：access accessible accessory recession excessexcessiveexceedexceedinglyceasesucceedsuccessorsuccession successivenecessity predecessor第五关（23个分四组）adventpreventinterveneinterventioninterfereinterference revenueincomeinvest investment advanceancientantique ancestor advanced advantage invent invention inventory benefits venture capital adventure convene convention conventional 第六关（6个）conference confer convey transform transplant transcend transfer fertile fertilizer fertilize breedfeednourishnurturecultivate第七关（14个分两组）第一组conversereferinferrefereereferenceverbalcontroversy controversial controversial第二组utterouterultimate in disputediscussinfantconfessadmitacknowledgeironyironicironically第八关（45个分九组）第一组tumble overversion：editionediteditorshiptranslateuniverse universal第二组vary=alter variables invariably variation variousdiversedifferdiversify diversified=diverse diversitydivert attention 第四组diversion：convert conversion convergeshift第五组divorcereverse reserve adverseverse=proseversusversatile第六组involverevolve revolution revolutionaryevolve第七组evolution evolutionary curveswitch to distort第八组distortiontwistvolume column bulkbulb第九组lamplambeconomy soar swellclusterthroat：threatwith a surge of... prose=versepose第九关（8个，分三组）第一组：viewinterviewreviewreviewer第二组：declineincline to=intend to lean onclient=clientele第三组individualindividualism第十关（14个，分三组）第一组：tend表示“照顾、倾向于”tend totendencyintendintentionbe intent on the coat第二组unintentionalattendattendantattendance第三组：tend表示“延伸、伸展”extend expandextension：to the extent that：extensive-----readingintensive readingsb contendone hundred schools contend.contestschool of thought第十一关（10个，分两组）第一组decreaseincreaseincreasinggrowthrecruit第二组createcreativecreaturecreationcreativity第十二关（15个，分三组）第一组contestprotesttentative第二组spreadwidespreadexpandexpansionstrain第三组constrainconstraintrestrainrestraintrestrictdistresscurb第十三关（35个，分七组）第一组benefitbeneficialfacile facility facilitate 第二组convenience convenient faculty affect affection 第三组infect infection infectious defect defective 第四组deficit effective perfect perfection artificial 第五组sufficient fake feasible factor feature第六组efficient inefficient efficiency deficient deficiency 第七组profitprofitableproficientproficiencyfiction第十四关（11个，分两组）第一组availableworthyworthwhileprevailprevailing第二组prevalentdeservewalletequivalentvaluesevaluate第十五关（25个，分五组）第一组relaterelationrelationshiprelativeunrelated第二组correlaterelevantirrelevantannounceannouncementdenounce 第三组monologue neglect negligence negligible lecture第四组religion religious rely reliable reliance 第五组analogy apology allege legend第十六关（15，分四组）第一组holdmaintain maintenancesustainsustainable第二组retain第三组holderhouseholdobtaincontinuecontainer第四组contentedcontinualcontinuousattain第十七关（11个，分两组）第一组contributecontributiontribetributeattribute第二组distributedistributiongrantgratifygratitudegrateful第十八关（11个，分两组）第一组economiceconomyeconomicaleconomicspolicypoliticalpoliticspolitician第二组focusconcentrateconcentration第十九关（9个，分两组）第一组influenceinfluentialfluentoverflowfluctuate第二组replaceblankexpertitem第二十关（14个，分两组）professionprofessionalcareervocationvocaladvocateprovokeevokearouse第二组approachapproximaterouteroutinelaboratory第二十一关（10个，分两组）第一组physicalphysiciansurgeonmaterialphysicsphysicist第二组socialassociatesociologysociable第二十二关（22个，分四组）第一组aspectspectaclespectatoraudiencespeculate第二组inspect inspection expectation unexpected respective 第三组prospect perspective suspect suspicious suspicion 第四组conspicuous spydespise despite microscopetelescopetelecommunication第二十三关（12个，分两组）第一组communitycommunicatecommoditymodemodifymodification第二组moderatemodestmodestymodernizemodernizationmedium第二十四关（11个，分两组）第一组normenormoustremendousgiganticimmenseabnormalnormally第二组issueprovidedprovisiongiven第二十五关（12个，分两组）第一组originariseraiseoriginateoriginalrear第二组essentialrankarrangearrangementrangearray第二十六关（20个，分四组）第一组promote emotion remove mobile mobilize第二组automobile motion motivate spark motivation 第三组migrate migration immigration immigrantemigrate第四组motiveremoteautomaticautomationautonomous第二十七关（11个，分两组）第一组crimesincriminalconvictconvictionconvinceconvincingvictimprovince第二组sourceadult第二十八关（13个，分三组）第一组regardlessregarddisregardregarding第二组guardguaranteewarrantpledgewardwardrobe第三组rewardrewardingaward第二十九关（13个，分两组）第一组appropriateproperinappropriateprivateprivacypropertydeprive第二组criticalcriticizecriticismcriticcriteriaprejudice第三十关（8个，分两组）第一组performanceperformfulfillplug第二组potentialpossibility、probanilitylikely、likelihood、unlike、unlikely、alike、likewiseprobable第三十一关（11个，分两组）第一组projectinjectinjectionobjectobjectionobjective、subjectivesubjectrejectrejection第二组cancelfailure第三十二关（16个，分两组）第一组reservereservationreservoirconserveconservationconservativepreservesavingthrift第二组specificspecifyspecifiedspecificationspecializespecialistspecialty第三十三关（10个，分两组）第一组countaccountdiscountcountercounterpart第二组encounteraccountantcalculatereckonquantity第三十四关（27个，分五组）第一组applyapplicantapplicableapplication第二组：employexploitemployer employee、employment、unemployment exploreappliance第三组：complicatedcomplex perplex multiply multiple第四组multitude flexible duplicate triple display第五组：reflect reflection comply unfold imply implicationimplicitexplicit第三十五关（24个，分五组）第一组compoundcomposecomposercompositioncomponent第二组elementelementarypostponedepositwithdraw第三组posedisposedisposaldispositionexposeexposure第四组imposeopposeoppositionopponent第五组proposeproposalcompatible incompatible第三十六关（15个，分两组）第一组pressureimpressimpressiveimpressiondepressdepresseddepressiondepressantexpressexpression第二组expressivephraseoppresssuppresssqueeze第三十七关（19个，分三组）第一组forminformformalreformformationformatinformal第二组formulaformulatetransformtransformationconformconformitynonconformist第三组：-for表示“前”formerlatterforemostforeseeforth第三十八关（12个，分两组）第一组responsibleresponsibilityrespondresponsecorrespondcorrespondence第二组surveysurplusplussuperiorsupremesuperb第三十九关（8个、分两组）第一组prominenteminentexcellentamount第二组budgetcrackcrash、clash第四十关（18个，分四组）第一组partapartmentimpartquitsplit第二组sliceslashparticipateparticipantpartial第三组impartialpartnerpartnershipparticleportion第四组proportiondepartdeparture第四十一关（9个，分两组）第一组claimproclaimreclaimexclaim第二组competitioncompetitivecompetecompetentincompetence第四十二关（11个，分两组）第一组consequencesequenceconsequentconsequentlysubsequent第二组consecutivepursuepursuitexecuteexecutionexecutive第四十三关（27个，分三组）第一组exceptionexceptexceptionalcapablecapacitygrasp、grip、grabcapturehuntprey第二组acceptacceptable receivereceptionconceiveconceptdeceivedeceptiondeceptive第三组perceiveperception susceptible anticipate principal、principle disciplineoccupyoccupancyoccupation第四十四关（11个，分两组）第一组drawdrawbackexhausttriggerdraftdrawer第二组functionimpactscalecrisisdecade第四十五关（16个，分三组）第一组expenseexpenditurepensioncompensate compensation dispense indispensable第二组sponsorbonusbondfeemonetary第三组：-pend表示“挂”dependdependentindependentsuspend第四十六关（13个，分两组）第一组opportunitychanceaccidentallyaccidentincidentallyincidentincidence第二组coincidenceoccasionaloccasioncasualcasualtyrandom第四十七关（10个，分两组）第一组alteralienalternatealternative第二组concernconcernedconcerningdiscerndiscriminatediscrimination第四十八关（10个）assumeassumptionsupposepresumepresumptionconsumeconsumerconsumptionresumepremium第四十九关（10个，分两组）第一组considerationconsiderableconsiderate第二组occurrenceoccurrecurfrequentfrequencycurrentincur第五十关（10个，分三组）第一组differdifferentiateindifferentindifference第二组locallocationlocate第三组titleentitleheading第五十一关（16个，分三组）第一组distinguishdistinctdistinguisheddistinctiondistinctive第二组extinctextinctionextinguishinstinctstimulate第三组stimulusincentiveirritateannoyangerspur第五十二关（11个，分三组）第一组contactintegrateintegrity第二组manufacturemanual第三组publishpublicationpublisherpublicpublicizepublicity第五十三关（42个，分七组）第一组constantstablestabilitystatusestate第二组asset establish establishment install installment 第三组instance exemplify instant instantaneous substance substantial 第四组obstacle destiny destined destinationsteady第五组assist assistance consist consistent existence exist constitute constituent Constitution 第六组persist persistence persistent resist resistantinstitutioninstitutesubstitute第七组stemstandpointwithstandstationary第五十四关（15个，分两组）第一组detectdetectordetectiveprotectprotectionobscureshellshieldshelter第二组coveragerecoverrecoverydiscoveruncovermask第五十五关（10个，分两组）第一组rarelyraremeremerelybarely第二组revealstaffstufftechnologytreatment第五十六关（14个，分两组）第一组recognizerecognitioncognitivediagnosediagnosisignoreignorantignorance acknowledge第二组notifynotification notionnotoriousnotable第五十七关（12个）第一组witnessvisionvisibleinvisiblereviserevision第二组visualvisualizesupervisesupervisionevidentevidence\proof第五十八关（10个，分三组）第一组absorbnursenurturenourishnutritionnutrient第二组academyacademic第三组alarmalert第五十九关（9个，分三组）第一组backgroundgroundlessundergroundcourt第二组awarecampus第三组highwayvehicleconvey第六十关（10个，分两组）第一组fundbasisbasementunderfundoverfund第二组foundationfundamentalprofoundcapitalcapitalism第六十一关（11个）第一组genuineartificialgenerategeneratorgeneration第二组generousgeniustalentnaivepregnantgenetic第六十二关（11个，分三组）第一组heritageinherit第二组outlineoverseasabroadshortage第三组yieldrenderdonatedonationrent第六十三关（24个，分四组）第一组：-mit、-mis表示“送、派”commendrecommendrecommendation commit commitment第二组committee commission missionmissile dismiss第三组emitomitemission submit submissiveness transmit transmission第四组：-mt、-mis表示“允许”admitadmissionpermitpermissionpromissingpromisecompromise第六十四关（13个，分两组）第一组survivesurvivalvividvitalityvitalvigorvigorous vegetablerevive第二组biology biography combine combination第六十五关（9个）accurate accuracysecuritysecurecuriouscuriositycautionprecautioncautious第六十六关（9个，分两组）第一组acquireacquisitionquestinquiryinquirerequirerequirement第二组additionadditional第六十七关（12个，分两组）第一组atmospherehemisphereglobalglobeorbit第二组attractattractiveabstractcontractdistractretreatretire第六十八关（13，分三组）第一组balanceweighponderponderousdeliberate第二组campaign第三组concludeconclusiondiscloseexcludeexclusiveprecludeenclose第六十九关（11个，分两组）第一组confidenceconfidentfaithfaithfulfederalfederationbelief第二组consultconsultantcouncilreconcile第七十关（11个，分四组）第一组decoratedecentdignity第二组detailtailorretail第三组engageengagement第四组guiltguiltyjournal第七十一关（11个，分两组）第一组legalprivilegeillegallegislatelegislationlegitimateloyalloyalty第二组lestpollutionpollute第七十二关（16个，分三组）第一组minorminoritymajorityminimummaximumminimize第二组preferencepreferableagreementagreeablefavorfavorable第三组desiredesirablekeeneager第七十三关（15个，分两组）第一组region regional regulate regulation regular reignroyal direct第二组residence reside resident situate sitesettle settlement第七十四关（12，分四组）第一组sampleschedulescheme第二组solutionresolvedissolveabsolute第三组：sumsummary第四组threatentoughtypical第七十五关（13个，分两组）第一组signsignalsignifysignificantsignificance第二组assignassignmentappointappointmentresignresignationsymbolbrand第七十六关（13个，分两组）第一组structureconstructconstructivedestructdestructiondestructive第二组instructinstructionarchitectarchitectureinstrumentindustryindustrial第七十七关（12个，分三组）第一组unfortunatefortune第二组accusesue第三组adequateinadequatesufficientplentyampleequalityequationpeer第七十八关（12个，分四组）第一组adoptadoptionoptionoptionaladapt第二组annual第三组approveapproval第四组attachdetachstakestick第七十九关（11个，分两组）第一组appearappearancedisappearphenomenonemphasisemphasize第二组fantasyfancyfantasticvisionillusion第八十关（10个，分两组）第一组charactercarvesculpturecharacteristiccharacterize第二组chemicalclimatecomplaintcomplaincoordinate第八十一关（10个，分三组）第一组confuseconfusionmixturerefuserefusal第二组denydenial第三组elderlygapyawn第八十二关（23个，分四组）第一组definedefinition bindband infinite finite第二组confine definite indefinite bound abundant abundance 第三组horizon boundary border frontier frame第四组refinefinancefinancialpunishpenaltyrevenge第八十三关（10个，分三组）第一组identityidenticalidentifyidentification第二组innocentinnocence第三组intellectintellectualintelligenceintelligent第八十四关（11个，分两组）第一组intensetenseintensiveintensifyintensitytension第二组moralmoralityvirtuevirtualvirtually第八十五关（10个，分三组）第一组observeobserverobservation第二组leakoptimisticoptimismreluctantsemester第三组remarkremarkable第八十六关（10个，分两组）第一组presentpresenceabsenceabsentrepresentrepresentative第二组primaryprimeprimitiveprotein第八十七关（12个，分两组）第一组releaseanalyzeanalysisanalyticalanalystrelaxrelaxationloosen第二组relievereliefalleviateslight第八十八关（10个，分两组）第一组sensesensitivesensibleconsentresent第二组severeharshcoarsegrossgrocery第八十九关（12个，分四组）第一组somehowsomewhat第二组strategytactics第三组tempertemporarycontemporary第四组transporttransportationexportimportpassport第九十关（10个，共四组）第一组uniqueunifyunityunion第二组world-wideaid第三组abandonban第四组accustomcustom第九十一关（12个,共两组）第一组achieveachievementcomplete。
当断不断,必受其乱的英语
当断不断,必受其乱的英语The Cost of Hesitation: The Necessity of Decision-Making.In the intricate dance of life, the art of decision-making is often a crucial step. The Chinese proverb "when to cut and when not to cut, one will surely suffer chaos" encapsulates a profound truth about the consequences of indecision. Life is full of forks in the road, and it is our choices that determine which path we take. Hesitation, when faced with critical junctures, can lead to confusion, uncertainty, and even disaster.The cost of indecision can manifest in various forms. It could be missed opportunities, failed relationships, or even personal growth stagnation. Imagine standing at the crossroads of your career, uncertain about which direction to take. As days, weeks, and even months pass by, you find yourself stuck in neutral, watching others make progress while you remain stationary. This stagnation can erode yourconfidence, leading to a sense of helplessness and regret.In relationships, indecision can be equally destructive. When faced with a choice between two potential partners or paths in a relationship, failing to make a decision canlead to heartache and confusion. It's not uncommon for individuals to find themselves caught between two worlds, unable to commit to either option. This limbo state can strain emotional bonds and lead to the breakdown of relationships.Moreover, indecision can have a profound impact onone's mental health. Constantly second-guessing oneself, wondering if the other option would have been better, can lead to feelings of anxiety and regret. This mental anguish can cloud one's judgment, making it even more difficult to make future decisions.However, it's important to remember that making decisions is not always easy. It requires courage, clarity, and the willingness to accept the consequences. But the alternative — hesitation and indecision — often leads toan even greater cost.To overcome this challenge, it's essential to cultivate a mindset that fosters decision-making. This involves identifying and acknowledging the choices that need to be made, gathering the necessary information, and thentrusting one's instincts. It's also important to understand that making decisions is a learned skill. With practice and experience, we can become more confident and competent in our ability to navigate the complexities of life.In conclusion, the art of decision-making is crucial to navigating the challenges of life. Hesitation and indecision, while understandable, often lead to greater costs in terms of missed opportunities, strained relationships, and mental anguish. By cultivating a mindset that fosters decision-making and understanding that it is a learned skill, we can move forward with confidence, embracing the forks in the road as opportunities for growth and transformation.。
何妥善辩译文
何妥善辩译文在进行妥善辩译时，我们需要注重文字选用、语义转换、句式调整等方面的处理，使译文符合读者的理解习惯与文化背景。
下面是一篇关于环保的参考文本，以便进行妥善辩译：原文：We should take immediate actions to protect our environment. Climate change and pollution have posed great threats to human well-being. It is essential that we seek sustainable development and reduce carbon emissions. Every individual should pay attention to their own behaviors and make efforts to protect nature. We should promote environmental education and raise public awareness to enable everyone to contribute to environmental protection.辩译参考：为保护环境，我们应立即采取行动。
气候变化和污染对人类福祉构成了巨大的威胁。
我们务必追求可持续发展并减少碳排放。
每个人都应关注自身行为，努力保护自然。
我们应推广环境教育，提高公众意识，使每个人都能为环境保护做出贡献。
辩译理据：1. 表达方式的转换：将“take actions”翻译为“采取行动”，更符合汉语表达方式。
2. 文化转换：将“human well-being”翻译为“人类福祉”，更贴近中国读者的理解习惯和价值观。
3. 用词取舍：将“seek sustainable development”翻译为“追求可持续发展”，保留了“追求”与“可持续发展”的意义，但用词更符合中文行文习惯。
合理的英语翻译
合理的英语翻译Reasonable Translation in EnglishTranslation is a complex process that involves converting the meaning of a text from one language to another. It requires a thorough understanding of both languages and cultures to ensure an accurate and effective translation. In this essay, we will explore the concept of reasonable translation and its importance in cross-cultural communication.Reasonable translation refers to a translation that accurately conveys the meaning and intention of the source text while taking into account the cultural differences between the source and target languages. It seeks to strike a balance between faithfulness to the original text and readability in the target language. A reasonable translation should capture the essence of the original text, maintain its tone and style, and make it accessible to the target audience.To achieve a reasonable translation, translators need to possess a deep understanding of both the source and target languages. They must be proficient in the grammatical and syntactical structures of both languages to accurately convey the meaning and nuances of the source text. Translators should also have a good grasp of the cultural nuances to avoid misinterpretations or cultural insensitivity in the translation process.In addition to linguistic and cultural considerations, a reasonable translation also takes into account the purpose and target audience of the translation. Translators need to adapt the language and style of the translation to suit the preferences and expectations of thetarget audience. For example, a scientific text may require a more technical and precise translation, while a literary piece may call for a more creative and expressive approach.A key aspect of reasonable translation is the use of idiomatic expressions and idioms that are appropriate in the target language. Idioms are an integral part of any language, and using them correctly can greatly enhance the readability and naturalness of a translation. However, idioms can be challenging to translate as they often do not have direct equivalents in other languages. A skilled translator must find equivalent idiomatic expressions in the target language to maintain the original meaning and idiomatic flavor of the source text.Furthermore, a reasonable translation requires careful proofreading and editing to ensure accuracy and consistency. Translators should review their work multiple times to correct any errors or inconsistencies in the translation. They can also seek feedback from native speakers or subject matter experts to ensure the quality and appropriateness of the translation.In conclusion, reasonable translation is a delicate process that involves accurately conveying the meaning and intention of the source text while considering the cultural differences and preferences of the target language. It requires linguistic proficiency, cultural awareness, and adaptation to suit the purpose and audience of the translation. Through reasonable translation, we can bridge language barriers and promote effective cross-cultural communication.。
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16字征服四六级汉译英之一：合理断并《大学英语四级汉译英16字真经》、《大学英语六级汉译英16字真经》编写团队供稿汉语句子结构较为松散，存在许多流水句，句与句之间多用逗号来连接。
汉语中逗号的大量使用乃至随意使用给汉译英翻译带来很大困难。
我们注意到，不少考生索性将汉语原文中的逗号完全原封不动地转移到英译文之中，严重违背了英语作文的基本规范。
此外，汉语短句多且断句间往往不添加关联词以彰显逻辑关系，但译为英文时完全可以将某些汉语短句合并起来。
在实际汉英操作中，考生应在研读原文和考虑自身语言能力的基础上，首先做出是断还是并的决策。
以下分别就断句和并句提出一些方法。
一、断句（一）在原文主语变化处断句【例1】在明清期间，茶馆遍布全国，/饮茶在六世纪传到日本，但直到18世纪才传到欧美，/如今，茶是世界上最流行的饮料(beverage)之一。
（CET-4:1312）【参考译文】In the Ming and Qing dynasties, tea houses spread all over the country. Tea drinking was introduced into Japan in the 6th century while it had not been introduced into Europe or the United States until the 18th century. Nowadays, tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world.【解析】这是一个典型的流水句，类似句子在汉语中可谓俯拾皆是。
大体而言，原文可分为三个部分。
第一部分谈茶馆，第二部分谈饮茶这一习俗的对外传播，第三部分谈茶的现状。
鉴于此，可将这段中文处理为三个英文小句。
【例2】同样，中国的丝绸、茶叶和瓷器也传遍各地，/欧洲也是通过丝绸之路出口各种商品和植物，满足中国市场的需要。
（CET-6:13-12）【参考译文】Similarly, Chinese silk, tea and porcelain were also spread to the rest of the world through the Silk Road. And Europe exported all kinds of goods and plants through the Silk Roadto meet the needs of the Chinese market.【例3】许多人喜欢中餐，/在中国，烹饪不仅被视为一种技能，而且也被视为一种艺术。
（CET-4:1312）【参考译文】Many people love Chinese food. In China, cooking is regarded not only as a skill, but also as an art.（二）在时间或地点状语处断句【例4】中国剪纸有一千五百多年的历史，/在明朝和清朝时期特别流行。
（CET-4:样题）【参考译文】Chinese paper cutting has a history of more than 1,500 years. It was widespread particularly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.【例5】中国结(the Chinese knot)最初是由手工艺人发明的，/经过数百年不断改进，已经成为一种优雅多彩的艺术和工艺。
（CET-4:1312）【参考译文】The Chinese knot was originally invented by the craftsmen. After hundreds of years of continuous improvement, it has become a kind of elegant and colorful art and craft.【例6】2006年，中秋节被列为中国的文化遗产，/2008年又被定为公共假日。
（CET-6:13-12）【参考译文】In 2006, the festival was listed as one of China's cultural heritage. In 2008, it was designated as a public holiday.【例7】土豪以前指欺压佃户和仆人的乡村地主，/现在用于指花钱如流水或喜欢炫耀财富的人，/也就是说，土豪有钱，但是没有品位。
（CET-6:14-06）【参考译文】Tuhao used to refer to a rural landlord who liked to bully his tenants or servants. Now it is used to describe a Chinese person who spends money thoughtlessly or who is rich and likes to show off their wealth. In other words, a Tuhao is rich but lacks taste.【例8】土豪和大妈可能会被收入新版的牛津(Oxford)英语词典，/至今约有120中文加进了牛津英语词典，成了英语语言的一部分。
（CET-6:14-06）【参考译文】Both Tuhao and Dama are likely to be included into the new edition of the Oxford English Dictionary. To date, some 120 words of Chinese origin have been added to the Oxford English Dictionary and have become part of the English speaker's language.【例9】中国新年是中国最重要的传统节日，/在中国也被称为春节。
(CET-6:样题)【参考译文】Chinese New Year is the most important traditional Chinese holiday. In China, it is also known as the Spring Festival.（三）在逻辑关系词处断句【例10】在古代，人们用它（中国结）来记录事件，/但现在主要是用于装饰的目的。
（CET-4:1312）【参考译文】In ancient times，people used it to record events. But now it is used mainly for decorative purposes.【例11】各地欢度春节的习俗和传统有很大差异，/但通常每个家庭都会在除夕夜团聚，一起吃年夜饭。
(CET-6:样题)【参考译文】Customs and traditions concerning the celebration of the Chinese New Year vary widely from place to place. However, all members within a family usually reunite and enjoy the annual reunion dinner together on the New Year’s Eve.【例12】这一新公布的计划旨在减少四种主要污染源，包括500万辆机动车的尾气排放、周边地区燃煤、来自北方的沙尘暴和本地的建筑灰尘，/另外850亿元用于新建或升级城市垃圾处理和污水处理设施，/加上300亿元投资未来三年的植树造林。
（CET-6:14-06）【参考译文】This newly announced plan is aimed at reducing four main sources of pollution, including exhaust from 5 million vehicles, coal burning in surrounding areas, sandstorms from the north, and local construction dust. In addition, another 85 billion Yuan will be used to establish or upgrade the facilities to treat municipal garbage and sewage. Moreover, 30 billion Y uan will be invested in the afforestation program in the next three years.（四）根据原文句子的结构来断句1. 在句末处断句（针对汉语分总结构）汉语一般先叙述，然后加以概括或评论，句子信息重心往往在句末。
一般情况下，我们需按照英文习惯，先译出重要信息。
但如果汉语叙述部分过长或过于复杂时，不妨保留汉语先分后总这一特征，在叙述和概括(评论)之间断开，分别翻译。
【例13】由于食物对健康至关重要，好的厨师总是努力在谷物、肉类和蔬菜之间取得平衡，/所以中餐美味又健康。
(CET-4:13-12)【参考译文】As food is vital for our health, good cooks always try to seek the balance between grains, meats and vegetables. Therefore, Chinese food is both delicious and healthy.【例14】一个人不论做什么事，都不要使自己的父母感到羞耻，/这就是真正的孝顺。
【参考译文】Whatever one does, he shall never make his parents feel ashamed. That is where thetrue filial piety lies.【例15】人们必须通过对现象的解析和研究，才能了解事物的本质，/因此需要有科学。
【参考译文】It is by analyzing and studying the appearance of a thing that people come to know its essence. That’s why science is needed.2. 在句首处断句（针对汉语总分结构）有时汉语句子也会采取总分结构。