北京工商大学计算机英文试卷,附答案【自己出

计算机考试英文试卷1、Computer is a device that accepts_________, __________ data, ________data, and produces_________.2、Computers manipulate data in many ways, and this manipulation is called_______3、________ is an area that temporarily holds data that is waiting to be processed, stored, or output. _______ is the area that permanently holds data that is not immediately needed for processing.4、The series of instructions that tells a computer how to carry out processing tasks is referred to as a________.5、The first electronic computer was __________.6、In the First Generation, main memory was almost made up of hundreds of ________.In the Second Generation, ________and some other solid-state devices were being used for the computer circuitry. In the Third generation, the _________replaced traditional transistorized circuitry. In the Fourth Generation, __________and _________circuits were developed.7、The binary system has only two digits__________. Each one is called a______.8、_______uses 7 bits for each character，the most widely used code with non-IBM mainframes and virtually all microcomputers. _________uses 8 bits, used with IBM mainframe computers. _________uses 16 bits for each character, can represent the alphabets of multiple languages, such as Chinese.9、Hardware System consists of five parts____________, ______________, _____________, ______________, _____________.10、The microprocessor processor consists of two parts_____________, ______________.11、A ________________ is the smallest unit of time in a microprocessor’s universe.12、The speed of a microprocessor commonly measured in megahertz (MHz) or gigahertz (GHz).1 MHz means a ___________ machine cycles per second.13、___________ is special high-speed memory that allows a microprocessor to access data more rapidly than from memory located elsewhere on the motherboard.14、RAM is a ___________holding area for data, application program instructions, and the operating system. ROM is a memory chip that ___________ stores instructions and data that are pro grammed during the chip’s manufacture and that can not be changed or erased by the user.15、A data storage system has two main components: a storage ________and a storage_________.16、Three types of storage technologies are used for PC: magnetic ,optical and __________.17、Floppy Disk：On a diskette, data is recorded in ring called ________. They are closed concentric rings. Each track is divided into________. Each sector typically holds 512 bytes of data.A vertical stack of tracks is called a _________ ----the basic storage bin for a hard disk drive.18、_________disk is a an removable disk on which data is written and read through the use of laser beams.19、Standard keyboard has ________ keys.20、There are three types of monitors: CRT , ___________and plasma.21、The printers differ in _________ and _________, which affect the print quality and price.22、Within a computer, data travels from one component to another over circuits called a _________. The segment of the data bus that extends between RAM and peripheral devices is called the __________. An expansion slot is a long, narrow socket on the motherboard into which you can plug an __________.23、The ___________ contain the executable programs designed to be launched or started by users.24、The ___________ contain instructions for the computer to use with the main user-executable file. they are not designed to be run by users.25、The __________ contain any data that is necessary for a task, but not supplied by the user.26、Most programmers today prefer to use __________, which have some similarities to human languages and produce programs that are easy to test and modify.27、A computer’s microprocessor only understands _____________-----the instruction set that is hard wired within the microprocessor’s circ uits. High-level languages help the programmer produce a lengthy list of instructions, called ___________, which defines the software environment in every detail. Machine language instructions are called ___________.28、A _________ translates all of the instructions in a program as a single batch and object code are placed in a new file. An ___________ converts one instruction at a time while the program is running.29、The user ___________ is the combination of hardware and software that helps people and computers communicate with each other. The __________user interface (GUI) provides a way to point and click a mouse to select menu options and manipulate graphical objects that are displayed on the screen.30、____________operating system provides process and memory management services that allow two or more programs to run simultaneously.File ManagementA computer file is a named collection of data that exists on a storage medium.A filename extension is an optional file identifier that is separated from the main file name by a period.31、A computer file’s location is defined by a _________________(path), which includes the drive letter, folder(s), file name, and extension.32、An operating system maintains a list of files called a ___________ for each storage medium. The main directory of a disk is referred to as the ___________.33、Before a computer can store a file on disk, CD, or DVD, the storage medium must be ___________.34、The operating system uses a _____________ to keep track of the names and locations of files that reside on a storage medium.35、To speed up the process of storing and retrieving data, a disk drive usually works with a group of sectors called a _____________ or a block.36、Trojan horses are notorious for _______________.37、_________________ is a set of utility programs that looks for and eradicates viruses, Trojan horses, and worms.答案1、input processes stores output2、processing3、Memory Storage4、computer program5、ENIAC6、Vacuum tubes Transistors integrated circuit\IC Large-scale integrated\LSIvery-large-scale integrated \VLSI7、0 and 1 bit8、ASCII EBCDIC Unicode9、Arithmetic Logic Unit，Control Unit，Memory and Storage，Input Device，Output Device10、Arithmetic Logic Unit Control Unit11、machine cycle12、million13、Cache14、Temporary permanent15、Medium device16、solid state17、tracks sectors cylinder18、Optical19、10120、LCD21、Resolution speed22、data bus expansion bus expansion card23、user-executable file24、support programs25、data files26、high-level languages27、machine language source code object code28、compiler interpreter29、interface graphical30、Multitasking31、file specification32、directory root directory33、formatted34、file system35、cluster36、stealing passwords37、Antivirus software。