主谓一致之单复数
英语语法原则主谓一致三原则
英语语法原则主谓一致三原则主谓一致三原则是指形式一致原则,意义一致原则,临近一致原则,小编在这里整理了相关资料,希望能帮助到您。
主谓一致三原则1. 形式一致的原则一般说来,当作主语的名词或代词是第三人称单数时,谓语动词就用单数形式;当作主语的名词或代词是复数时,谓语动词就复数形式:如:(1) He likes skating in winter.他喜欢冬天滑冰。
(2) Alice reads much.艾利斯看了很多书。
(3) They don’t live here.他们不住这里。
2. 意义一致的原则英语中,有些名词或代词形式上是单数,而意义上可能是复数,这时,谓语动词的形式就须依据名词或代词的意义决定。
如:(1) People there were very glad to see our team win the match.在那里的人们看到我们队赢了比赛时都非常高兴。
(2) His family were watching TV when I got to his home.我到他家时,他家的人在看电视。
(3) Our class are working hard to make ours a good class.我们班的同学都在努力工作以便是我们班成为优秀班。
3. 邻近一致的原则英语中,有时几个名词或代词有某些此连接起来一起作句子的主语,此时,谓语动词的形式就须有与之最接近的名词或代词的人称和数决定。
如:(1) There is a desk and five chairs in his room.他房间里有一张办公桌和五把椅子。
(2) There are five chairs and a desk in his room.他房间里有五把椅子和一张办公桌。
(3) Either you or Li Lei is going to be sent there.要么是你要么是李蕾将被派到那里去。
英语主谓一致十大总结
英语主谓一致十大总结主谓一致是英语语法中的重要部分,指的是主语与谓语之间在人称和数上的一致。
正确使用主谓一致规则能够使句子更加准确、流畅。
下面是英语主谓一致的十大总结。
1. 单数主语,单数谓语当句子的主语是单数形式时,谓语动词也要使用单数形式。
例如:- The cat dives gracefully into the water.2. 复数主语,复数谓语当句子的主语是复数形式时,谓语动词也要使用复数形式。
例如:- The cats dive gracefully into the water.3. 主语是不可数名词,谓语使用单数不可数名词是指无法分为可数单位的名词,如water、knowledge等。
当句子的主语是不可数名词时,谓语动词使用单数形式。
例如:- The water flows smoothly down the river.4. 主语包括and连接的两个或多个名词,谓语使用复数当句子的主语由and连接的两个或多个名词组成时,谓语动词使用复数形式。
例如:- Tom and Jerry are good friends.5. 主语包括either/or、neither/nor连接的两个名词,谓语与最近的名词保持一致当句子的主语由either/or、neither/nor等连接的两个名词组成时,谓语动词与最近的名词在人称和数上保持一致。
例如:- Either Tom or Jerry is responsible for the mess.6. 主语是集体名词,谓语根据上下文确定单复数集体名词指代一群人或事物的总称,如team、family等。
谓语动词的单复数形式根据上下文来确定。
例如:- The family goes to the park every weekend.7. 主语是某些固定短语时,谓语使用单数某些固定短语作为主语时,谓语动词使用单数形式。
例如:- Bread and butter is a common breakfast choice.8. 主语是以each、every、everyone、everything等开头时,谓语使用单数当句子的主语以each、every、everyone、everything等词开头时,谓语动词使用单数形式。
主谓一致的三个原则
主谓一致的三个原则在英语中谓语动词在人称和数上必须同主语保持一致。
确定主谓一致要根据以下三个基本原则:一、语法一致原则, 即谓语动词要和它的主语在形式上取得一致,即单数主语用单数动词,复数主语用复数动词。
但要注意以下几种情况:1由and 连接并列主语时,谓语动词常用复数。
A teacher and his students are invited to the English evening.一个老师和他的学生被邀请参加英语晚会。
但以下两种情况谓语动词要用单数形式:(1)并列主语指同一人(物)、同一概念(这是第二个名词前无冠词)时;The professor and writer is coming to the meeting. 那位教授兼作家将来参加会议。
Truth and honesty is the best policy. 诚实才是上策。
类似的短语还有a cart and horse(马车), a cup and saucer(放在盘子上的茶杯), cause and effect(因果), bread and butter(黄油面包), iron and steel(钢铁) ,study and research(研讨), the needle and thread(针线), trial and error(反复试验)(2) 并列主语分别被each, every, no, many a 修饰时。
如:Each book and each paper was in proper place. 每本书、每张纸都摆放得井井有条。
No teacher and no student is present. 没有教师和学生出席。
2. 单个不定式、动词-ing、从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
Taking care of children needs patience. 照看儿童需要耐心。
To remember these words is our main task today. 记住这些单词是我们今天的主要任务。
主谓一致的基本原则
主谓一致的基本原则主谓一致有以下三条原则:1语法一致原则,即在语法形式上取得一致;例如,主语是单数形式,谓语动词也采取单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语动词也采取复数形式;例如:The students are very young.This picture looks beautiful.2意义一致原则,即从意义着眼处理一致关系;例如,主语形式虽是单数但意义是复数,谓语动词也采取复数形式;而有些主语形式虽是复数但意义上看作单数,谓语动词也采取单数形式;people in that country are fighting for independence.crowd deeply respect their leader.years in a strange land seems a long time.3就近原则,即谓语动词的单数或复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语;例如:Neither he nor I am going to see the film tonight because we are busy.Either ..or …2.主谓一致的用法根据以上三条原则,主谓一致有如下用法:1下列结构作主语,谓语动词一般用单数形式a.表示时间、重量、长度、价值的名词作主语,谓语动词通常用单数形式;例如:hundred miles is a long distance.dollars is a high price for that book.b.由anyone,anything,anybody,noone,nothing,everyone,everybody,everything,some one,somebody,each,either,neither等不定代词作主语,谓语动词使用单数形式;例如:is knocking at the door.is better than going to the movie tonight.c.由“a series of,a kind of,a portion of +名词”作主语,谓语动词应用单数形式;例如:A series of debates is scheduled to be held next week.d.由“many a,more than one +单数名词”作主语,尽管意义上表示复数,但谓语动词仍采用单数形式;例如:Many a person in these circumstances has hoped for a long break.There is more than one answer to your question.e.“名词+and+名词”作主语,表示同一人、同一概念或事物时,谓语动词用单数形式;例如:A writer and educator is giving a lecture now.这个人既是作家又是教育家A writer and a educatorf."either neither + of +复数名词或代词"作主语,谓语动词用单数形式;例如:either of you takes a vacation now,we will not be able to finish the work.of them wants to come.g.在each…and each…,every…and every…等结构之后,谓语动词用单数形式;例如:Each man and each woman has the right to vote.h.动词不定式、动名词或分句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;例如:What I want to say is none of your business.Listening to the classical music is enjoyable.i.以-ics结尾的复数名词指一门学科时,如politics政治学,mathematics数学,statistics统计学,acoustics声学,linguistics语言学等,谓语动词用单数形式;例如:Mathematics is what he majors in.2下列结构作主语,谓语动词单复数形式取决于of后的名词;意义一致a.由“a11,none,no,most,half,the last,the rest,the remainder+of+名词”等不定代词作主语,谓语动词单复数形式由of后名词的单复数而定;例如:None of the food is wasted.None of the students were absent.The rest of the lecture was dull.The rest of the bikes were on sale yesterday.b.由"lots of,heaps of,loads Of,scads of +名词”作主语,谓语动词单复数形式由of后名词的单复数而定;例如:Lots of work is to be done this week.Lots of people are going to swim this afternoon.There is loads of milk on the farm.There are loads of big red apples on the ground.There is heaps of fun.c.由“分数或百分数十of +名词或代词”作主语,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于of后名词或代词的单复数形式;例如:Three-quarters of the area is cultivated.Ninety percent of the students have passed the exam.3下列结构作主语,谓语动词的单复数形式根据意义而定;a.由“the+形容词” 这种结构作主语,根据意义一致的原则决定谓语动词的单复数形式;如果表示一类人如the rich,the poor,the blind,the deaf,the sick,the young,the old,谓语动词用复数形式;如果表示个人或抽象概念,谓语动词用单数形式;例如:The blind are taught trades in special schools.表示一类人The good in him overweighs the bad.表示抽象概念The departed was a good friend of his.表示个人b.family,crowd,committee,class,audience,group ,government,team,public,majority,minority等集合名词作主语,谓语动词单复数形式应根据意义而定;例如:The family like to listen to the music.the family 指这家人,用作复数The family is small.the family指这个家庭,用作单数The committee has considered your proposal.the committee指委员会,用作单数The committee were arguing for an hour before they gave their votes. the committee指委员会的委员们,用作复数下列结构作主语,谓语动词一般单复数均可;a.以数词为名词词组中心词作主语时,谓语动词一般单复数均可;例如:Five and six make/makes eleven.Seven times ten are seventy.但是:Twenty from thirty leaves ten.Six sevens are forty-two.b.由"one in/out of +名词”作主语,谓语动词单复数均可;例如:One in ten were/was present.下列结构作主语,谓语动词用复数形式;由and或both…and连接两个单数形式的名词词组作主语时,一般谓语动词用复数形式;例如:A girl and a boy want to go.Both rice and wheat are grown in that country.6下列结构作主语,谓语动词单复数形式视具体情况而定;a.由as well as,together with,besides,like,along with,with but,except,accompanied by,rather than,including连接两个名词作主语,谓语单复数形式应由连接词前的名词而定;例如:The president of the college,together with the deans,is planning a conference for the purpose of laying down certain regulations.The young mother with her two children is coming now.The plant manager,like many technicians,is experienced in designing new products.b.“名词+of+名词”作主语,谓语动词单复数形式跟of前的名词一致;例如:The picture of the children孩子的照片 brings back many memories of my past experiences.The effects of cigarette smoking have been proved to be extremely harmful.c.由not only…butalso,either…or,neither…nor或or连接的并列主语,通常根据就近一致原则,谓语动词的单复数形式由最接近它的名词词组的单复数形式决定;例如:He or you have taken my pen.Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it.One or two days are enough to visit the city. d.there be句型中的谓语动词单复数形式一般取决于其后的真正主语的单复数形式;例如:There is a garden in front of the house.There are two things I'd like to say here.7关于几对容易混淆词组的一致用法a.由"this/that kind/type of +名词”作主语,谓语动词用单数形式;而由"these/those kind/type of +复数名词”作主语,谓语动词用复数形式;例如:kind of apples is highly priced.这种kinds of tests are good.那些b.由“a number of,a total of,an avera ge of +复数名词”作主语,谓语动词用复数形式;由“the number of,the total of,the average of +复数名词”作主语,谓语动词用单数形式;例如:A number of students are waiting for the bus.The number of the students in this university is increasing yearly.c.one of,the only one of的一致用法This is one of the books that have been recommended.This is the only one of the books that has been recommended.3.前后呼应的用法1当everyone,everybody,noone,nobody,anyone,anybody,someone,somebody,eve rything,anything,something,nothing等用作主语时,其相应的代词一般用单数形式;例如:If anybody calls,tell him that I'm out.Something strange happened,didn't itEvery passenger has to carry his own luggage.2人称代词与名词的呼应:人称代词I me,he him,she her,it it都是代替前面的单数名词,而they them,we us则是代替复数名词的,you既可以代表单数,也可以代表复数;但表示泛指的时候,用he或one来表示;例如:If a young person enters a classical music field only for money,he is in the wrong profession.The leaves of the red maple are highly poisonous to horses and when ingested can kill them within fifteen hours;3物主代词与名词的呼应:my,our,his,her,its,their要与代替的名词在数上一致;例如:The welfare department,as well as the other social services,will have its budget cut.Delphins are warm-blooded;that is,their body temperature always stays about thesame,regardless of the surroundings.4反身代词与其所代成分间的呼应;Many primitive people believed that by eating an animal they could get some of the good qualities of that animal for themselves.Everybody clings to this illusion about himself.I have just been out to get myself a cup of tea.5指示代词与所代名词间的呼应:this和that指代单数名词或不可数名词,these和those指代复数名词those还可以用作先行词,引导定语从句,表示“那些人”;例如:She invited all those who had been her former colleagues.The amount of the pressure caused by the weight of a column of fluid is determined by the height of this column.6much和much of后接不可数名词,而many和many of 后接可数名词的复数;例如:There is not much coal left.A great many of the houses were knocked down by the earthquake.7表示量的词后面有的接可数名词,有的接不可数名词;接可数名词的有:a number of,a range of,a series of十复数名词;接不可数名词的有:a great deal of,an amount of十不可数名词;既可接可数又可接不可数名词的有:a lot of,a variety of;例如: government attached a great deal of importance to education.a number of women applied for this job.college library has a variety of books.apple is a variety of fruit.wide range of disorders can affect the human muscular system.。
主谓一致的几个原则
主谓一致的几个原则主谓一致是指在一个句子中,主语和谓语在人称、单复数等方面保持一致。
主谓一致是英语语法中的一个重要原则,不仅在正式写作中应遵循,也在口语交流中起到维持语言的准确性和易懂性的作用。
以下是几个关于主谓一致的原则:1.主语与谓语在人称上保持一致:主语和谓语在人称上应该保持一致,即第一人称(I/We)、第二人称(You)、第三人称(He/She/It/They)对应相应的谓语动词形式。
例如:- I am (第一人称单数)- We are (第一人称复数)- You are (第二人称单复数)- She is (第三人称单数)- They are (第三人称复数)2.单数主语使用单数谓语,复数主语使用复数谓语:主谓一致也适用于单数和复数形式的主语和谓语。
单数主语使用单数谓语,复数主语使用复数谓语。
例如:- The book is on the table. (单数主语与单数谓语)- The students are studying in the library. (复数主语与复数谓语)3.谓语根据主语的单复数形式变化:谓语动词的形式会根据主语的单复数形式而发生变化。
一般情况下,复数主语使用谓语动词的原形,而单数主语使用谓语动词的第三人称单数形式。
例如:- The dog barks. (单数主语使用第三人称单数动词形式)- The dogs bark. (复数主语使用动词原形)4.不定代词与谓语要保持一致:在使用不定代词作为主语时,谓语动词的形式要与不定代词的数保持一致。
例如:- Somebody has left their bag. (不定代词somebody与谓语动词has保持一致)5.基于语法结构的主谓一致:有些复杂的语法结构,在主谓一致上需要更多的注意。
例如:- 以either...or...、neither...nor...、not only...but also...连接两个主语时,谓语动词的形式要与靠近的主语保持一致,例如:- Either John or his friends are going to the party. (谓语动词与靠近的主语friends保持一致)- Neither the teacher nor the students were present. (谓语动词与靠近的主语students保持一致)- 当主语由as well as、along with、together with等短语结构引出时,谓语动词的形式要与前面的主语保持一致- The book, as well as the pen, is on the table. (谓语动词与前面的主语book保持一致)- 当主语由there is/are开头时,谓语动词的形式要与后面的主语保持一致,例如:- There is a book on the table. (谓语动词与后面的主语book保持一致)- 当主语由a number of、a majority of、the majority of等短语开头时,谓语动词的形式要与后面的名词保持一致,例如:总之,主谓一致是英语语法中的重要原则,人们在使用英语时应该根据主语的单复数形式、人称以及语法结构等因素,正确选择与之相对应的谓语动词形式。
高考英语主谓一致知识点总结
高考英语主谓一致知识点总结高考英语主谓一致知识1(一) 语法一致原则即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数. 以下为注意事项:1. 单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like(象), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数.如: Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质.No one except two servants was late for the dinner. 除了两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐。
2. 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数. 如:The poet and writer has come. 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人)A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物)用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体,如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。
3. 不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数.如:Serving the people is my great happiness.为人民服务是我的幸福.When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided.我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。
4. 用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数.Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming. 每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳.No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting. 没有老师也没有学生开会缺席.Each man and (each) woman is asked to help. 每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙。
英语主谓一致的三个原则
英语主谓一致的三个原则英语中主谓一致有三个原则,语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则,有关英语主谓一致的考点详情如下:一、语法一致原则即主语语法形式上的单复数形式与谓语的单复数形式要一致。
1.单数名词、代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句做主语时,谓语动词一般采用单数形式。
注意:一个主语从句做主语,谓语动词一般用单数形式。
但若从句谓语或从句后的表语是复数形式,则谓语动词用复数形式。
2.当主语是and, both……and 连接的并列结构时,如果主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或物,谓语动词用复数。
注意:两个单数名词用and连接,表示同一人,同一物、同一概念,或不可分割的整体时,谓语动词仍用单数。
这时and 后面的名词没有冠词。
3.由 and 连接的并列单数主语的前面分别有each、every 、no、many a修饰时,谓语动词要用单数形式。
Every man and every woman has a good reason to be proud of the work done by their fathers.每一个人都很有理由为他们的父亲所从事的职业感到骄傲。
Each boy and each girl has an apple.每个男孩和每个女孩都有一个苹果。
Many a teacher and many a student has seen the film.许多老师和学生都看过这部电影。
注意:each作主语或其修饰的名词作主语:each作主语或其修饰的名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
Each student has an MP3, which gives them more ways to enjoy their spare time.每个学生都有一个MP3,这给他们在课余时间享受生活提供了更多的方式。
Each of the class has been given a bike.这个班里的每一个学生都得到了一辆自行车。
主谓一致“三原则”
主谓一致“三原则”英语句子中的谓语动词要和主语在人称和数上保持一致,而在实际运用中又有一些具体情况,概括起来,主谓一致要遵循以下三个原则:一、语法一致原则1. 如果主语是单数形式,谓语动词也要用单数形式。
如:The number of students in our school is rising.我们学校的学生人数在上升。
2. each, either, neither, nobody, nothing, anything, anybody, everybody, everything等不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
如:Each of them has been to Beijing.他们每个人都去过北京。
Neither of them likes the film.他们两个谁也不喜欢那部电影。
3. 主语的数不受后面修饰它的短语的影响。
如:Tom together with his parents has visited the Great Wall.汤姆和他父母一起游览过长城。
二、意义一致原则1. 有的主语看似复数形式但表示的是单数意义,谓语动词一般用单数形式。
如:The news is exciting. 这是个令人振奋的消息。
The United States is in North America.美国位于北美洲。
Two years is really a very long time.两年的确是个很长的时间。
2. what, who, which, all, any, none, more, most 等代词用作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式要根据具体情况来确定。
如:What you said is very important. 你所说的话很重要。
Which are their chairs? 哪些是他们的椅子?3. 表示抽象概念的动词不定式和v.-ing形式作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
主谓一致时,什么时候谓语用单数什么时候用复数
主谓一致时,什么时候谓语用单数?什么时候用复数主谓一致:在英语句中,谓语受主语动支配,必须同主语在人称和数上保持一致。
*名词+as well as/no less than/but/except/with/like +其他名词,作主语时,谓语与前面的第一个名词一致.*few/a few/both/many/several+名词复数/of+名词复数+复数*不定代词/疑问代词(something/anything/anywhere/somewhere/where/when)+单数语法一致原则:句子谓语动词的数取决于该句子主语的数。
1。
“the+姓氏名词的复数形式”(---的成员)+复数2。
all/some/half/enough/two thirds +名词(单/复数)+单/复数 3.复数形式的名词:clothes/trousers/shorts(短裤)/glasses/scissors/gloves/chopsticks等+复数*计量单位(pair)+复数形式的名词+谓语取决于计量单位意义一致原则:谓语动词的单、复数形式,取决于主语所表达的概念。
1.集体名词:people/public(公共)/police/crew(船员)+复数2。
复数形式,单数意义。
(news/physics/maths/politics) 3.集合名词:class/family/team/Chinese/Japanese强调总体--单数;强调个体--复数。
The class has 45 students. The class are planting trees on the hill.4.时间、距离、价格、重量的复数名词/算式+单数Ten days is a long time.5.the +形容词“表一类人”+复数; The rich have much money.6.and/both--- and + 复数7。
one of/each of/none of/either of/neither of +名词+单数8.a number(许多) +n +复数;the number (---的数量)+n +单数9。
英语主谓一致的三个原则
英语主谓一致的三个原则英语中的主谓一致是指主语和谓语在人称(第一人称、第二人称和第三人称)、数(单数和复数)和人称(第一人称、第二人称和第三人称)方面要保持一致。
下面是主谓一致的三个原则:1.第一人称主语与谓语动词保持一致:当主语是第一人称,即指说话人自己时,谓语动词要用第一人称的形式,即单数一致。
例如:- I am going to the store.(我要去商店。
)- We are going to the store.(我们要去商店。
)2.以及第二人称主语与谓语动词保持一致:当主语是第二人称,即指与说话人进行交流的人时,谓语动词要用第二人称的形式,即单数或复数一致。
例如:- You are my best friend.(你是我最好的朋友。
)- You all are my best friends.(你们都是我最好的朋友。
)3.并且第三人称主语与谓语动词保持一致:当主语是第三人称,即指除了说话人和听话人之外的其他人或物时,谓语动词要用第三人称的形式,根据主语的单复数来确定。
例如:- He is going to the store.(他要去商店。
)- They are going to the store.(他们要去商店。
)需要注意的是,存在一些特殊情况需要特别注意:- 当主语由连接词"and"连接时,如果主语是两个单数名词,则谓语动词要用复数形式;如果主语是一个单数名词和一个复数名词,则谓语动词要与靠近它的名词保持一致。
例如:- Tom and Jerry are playing soccer.(汤姆和杰瑞正在踢足球。
)- The cat and the dogs are eating.(猫和狗正在吃饭。
)- 当主语是由 either...or 或 neither...nor 连接时,谓语动词要与靠近它的名词保持一致。
例如:- Neither John nor his friends are going to the party.(约翰和他的朋友们都不去参加派对。
主谓一致三个原则
主谓一致三个原则主谓一致是英文语法中的一个基本原则,用来表达主语和谓语在人称和数上的一致。
在句子中,主语和谓语通常要保持一致,即如果主语是单数,则谓语也必须是单数,如果主语是复数,则谓语也必须是复数。
主谓一致原则既简洁明了,也能使语言更加准确和易于理解。
下面将介绍三个主谓一致的原则。
第一个主谓一致的原则是,当主语是由and连接的两个或更多的部分时,谓语动词应该是复数形式。
例如:"John and Mary are going to the party." (约翰和玛丽要去参加派对。
)这里,主语是"John and Mary",两个人一起去派对,所以谓语动词"are"是复数形式。
然而,当and连接的两个或更多的部分指的是同一个人或物时,谓语动词应该是单数形式。
例如:"Bread and butter is my favorite breakfast." (面包和黄油是我最喜欢的早餐。
)这里,主语是"bread and butter",指的是一种食物,所以谓语动词"is"是单数形式。
第二个主谓一致的原则是,当主语是由or或nor连接的两个或更多的部分时,谓语动词的形式取决于离谓语动词更近的部分。
例如:"Neither John nor Mary is going to the party." (既不约翰也不玛丽要去参加派对。
)这里,离谓语动词"going"更近的部分是"Mary",所以谓语动词"is"是单数形式。
然而,如果离谓语动词更近的部分是复数形式,则谓语动词应该是复数形式。
例如:"Neither the boys nor the girl were interested in the game." (既不男孩也不女孩对这个游戏感兴趣。
英语语法主谓一致时单数复数解析
英语语法主谓一致时单数复数解析主谓一致时,什么时候谓语用单数?什么时候用复数?(一)主谓一致的种类1.语法形式上的一致主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式。
如:The number of the students present is 200.Jane and Mary look alike.2.意义上一致1)主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数。
如:The crowd were shouting.单数形式代表复数内容的词有:people, police, cattle等。
2)主语形式为复数,而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数。
如:The news was so surprising.形复意单的单词有news和一些以ics结尾的学科名称,如physics,politics, economics等。
3.就近原则即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。
如用连词or,either…or, neither…not, not only…but also等连接的并列主语,如果一个是单数,一个是复数,谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。
如:Either your students or Mr. Wang knows them.(二)主谓一致的应用1.名词作主语1)某些集体名词,如family, team等作主语时,如果作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式,如果就其中一个个成员而言,谓语动词用复数形式。
如:His family is a happy one.The whole family are watching TV.这类名词有:audience,class,club,company,crew,enemy,crowd,government,group,party,public,team等。
名词population一词的使用情况类似。
“a group(crowd) of +复数名词”等短语之后的谓语动词也同样可用单数或复数,前者强调整体,后者强调各个部分。
主谓一致三原则
主谓一致三原则作者:刘平来源:《新高考·高一英语》2012年第05期主谓一致是高中阶段英语语法学习的重点之一。
学生在平时的学习过程中,尤其是在写作时,会忽视主谓一致的原则。
为更好地掌握主谓一致的使用原则,现将主要知识要点归纳如下:主谓一致是指句子的主语和谓语动词在人称和数上要保持一致,通常遵循以下三个原则:1. 语法一致原则,即主语是单数,谓语也要用单数形式;主语是复数,谓语也用复数形式。
2. 意义一致原则,即主语形式为单数,但意义是复数,谓语动词用复数;主语形式为复数,但意义为单数,谓语动词用单数。
3. 就近原则,即谓语动词的单复数形式由最靠近它的主语来决定。
一、语法一致原则1. 动词不定式、动名词或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数。
what引导的主语从句,如果表语是复数,则谓语动词用复数形式。
例如:Seeing is believing. 眼见为实What he said is right. 他说的是对的。
What we need are more books. 我们需要的是更多的书。
2. 在定语从句中,关系代词that, which, who等作主语时,谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数保持一致。
例如:I, who am your close friend, will help you. 我是你的好朋友,我会帮你的。
Those who want to go to the cinema puts up your hands. 想去电影院的人请举手。
Anyone who wants to go to the cinema puts up your hands. 谁想去电影院谁举手。
one of +复数名词+who/that/which”结构中,关系代词who/that/which的先行词是靠近它的复数名词,所以从句中谓语动词用复数形式。
但当one之前有the或the only 修饰时,关系代词的先行词是the one或the only one,因此从句中的谓语动词要用单数形式。
主谓一致的基本规则
主谓一致的基本规则主谓一致是语法中的基本规则之一,指主语与谓语在人称和数方面要保持一致。
在句子中,主语是执行动作或者被动作所作用的实体,而谓语则是描述主语所进行的动作或者状态。
正确的主谓一致能够使句子更加合乎逻辑、语法准确,使读者更容易理解句子的意思。
主谓一致的基本规则有以下几点:1. 一般情况下,单数主语与单数谓语动词相匹配,复数主语与复数谓语动词相匹配。
例如:- The cat is sleeping.(猫正在睡觉。
)- The cats are sleeping.(猫们正在睡觉。
)2. 当主语为第三人称单数时,谓语动词要加上-s或者-es。
例如:- He runs every morning.(他每天早上跑步。
)- She eats an apple.(她吃了一个苹果。
)3. 不定代词和短语作为主语时,需要根据其所指代的内容来确定谓语动词的单复数形式。
例如:- Someone is calling you.(有人在给你打电话。
)- A group of students is studying English.(一群学生正在学习英语。
)4. 当主语由连接词and连接时,只有当两个主语均为单数时,谓语动词才为单数形式,其他情况下谓语动词为复数形式。
例如:- Tom and John are going to the park.(汤姆和约翰要去公园。
)- The dog and the cat is eating.(狗和猫正在吃东西。
)5. 在使用there is和there are结构时,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于后面的主语。
例如:- There is a book on the table.(桌子上有一本书。
)- There are two cups on the table.(桌子上有两个杯子。
)总结来说,主谓一致是为了保持句子的语法规范和逻辑一致性,使读者更好地理解句子的意思。
在写作和口语表达中,我们需要遵循主谓一致的基本规则,以确保句子的正确性和可读性。
什么是英语中的主谓一致
什么是英语中的主谓一致英语中的主谓一致指的是句子中的主语与谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
在英语语法中,主语的人称和数应与谓语的人称和数相匹配,以确保句子的结构正确和语义清晰。
主谓一致是英语语法中的基本规则之一,它对于正确表达意思和避免语法错误非常重要。
在英语句子中,主谓一致的主要规则如下:1. 一般情况下,在单数形式的主语前使用单数形式的谓语动词,而在复数形式的主语前使用复数形式的谓语动词。
例如:- He walks to school every day.(他每天步行上学。
)- They walk to school every day.(他们每天步行上学。
)2. 当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要加上“-s”或“-es”。
例如:- She reads a book.(她在读一本书。
)- The cat sits on the mat.(猫坐在地毯上。
)3. 当主语是以“-s”、“-x”、“-z”、“-o”结尾的名词时,谓语动词不需要添加“-s”。
例如:- The bus stops here.(公共汽车在这里停车。
)- The box contains books.(盒子里装着书。
)4. 当主语是不可数名词时,谓语动词使用单数形式。
例如:- Water is essential for life.(水对于生命是必不可少的。
)- Music brings joy to people.(音乐给人们带来快乐。
)5. 当主语是复合主语,且由and连接时,谓语动词使用复数形式。
例如:- Tom and Jerry are good friends.(汤姆和杰瑞是好朋友。
)6. 当主语是复合主语,且由or、nor连接时,谓语动词与最接近的主语保持一致。
例如:- Either John or his brothers are responsible for the mess.(要么是约翰,要么是他的兄弟们对这个乱糟糟的地方负责。
主谓一致谓语动词的单复数形式讲义-高三英语语法一轮复习考点
2024届高三英语高考一轮复习语法考点主谓一致:谓语动词的单复数形式(讲义)谓语动词复数形式以下情况,句中的谓语动词用复数形式1、表示总称意义的词如people,police,cattle,crew,clothes,public 等作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
The police have caught the robber.警察抓住了抢劫犯。
The clothes I wear are much too young for me.我穿的衣服显得过于年轻了。
2、由两部分构成的物体如shoes,trousers,gloves,glasses,scissors,socks,stockings,boots,chopsticks等复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
My trousers are of good quality.我的裤子质量很好。
Her shoes are under the bed.她的鞋子在床底下。
Your glasses are on your nose.你的眼镜在鼻梁上。
The scissors are very heavy.这把剪刀很沉重。
注意:成双成对的物品前面如与 a pair of连用,谓语动词则往往用单数。
This pair of gloves is amazing.这副手套太神奇了。
There is a pair of stockings on the bed.床上有一双长筒袜。
3、由and或both...and...连接两个人或物,作主语时,谓语动词用复数,且要注意两个单数名词前都有冠词。
You and he are my good friends.你和他是我的好朋友。
An apple and an egg are her breakfast.一个苹果和一个鸡蛋是她的早餐。
Both my mother and my father are working hard.我的妈妈和爸爸都在努力工作。
主谓一致高中英语语法与短语
主谓一致高中英语语法与短语主谓一致高中英语语法一主谓一致概念一、主谓一致概念:主谓一致,即谓语动词的单复数要和主语保持一致。
一般来说,如果主语是单数形式,那么谓语动词要用单数;如果主语是复数形式,那么谓语动词要用复数。
但是,也会出现一些特殊情况,这就是我们要总结的。
二主谓一致类型1. 不可数名词看成单数,因此谓语动词要用单数形式。
不可数名词有很多,比如空气、水、重量、长度、金钱等等。
(1) Ten thousand dollars is quite a large sum.(2) About 20 percent of the work was done yesterday.第一个句子里,钱即使再多,也只是一笔数目,所以看成单数;第二个句子里,work是不可数的,这个要注意,在英语里,我们把job看成可数名词,但是work看成不可数名词,不可数名词的前提下,不论讲它的几分之几,还是百分之多少,都仍然是不可数。
2. 主语从句看成单数。
That they were wrong in these matters is now clear to us all.这句话里有两个动词,一个是were,另一个是is,一个句子只能有一个动词,所以这里肯定嵌入了一个从句,我们会发现That they were wrong in these matters是个整体,充当整个句子里的主语,所以是主语从句。
我们把主语从句看成单数,所以这里用的is。
3. 就前原则就前原则,指的是动词单复数看这个词前面的名词单复数情况。
as well as, with, along with, together with都遵循就前原则。
具体我们来看以下例句:(1) E-mail, as well as telephones, plays an important part in daily munication.(2) A library with five thousand books is offered to the nation as a gift.第一句话的意思是邮件和电话在日常沟通中有重要作用。
初中英语语法主谓一致
初中英语语法——主谓一致一、主谓一致:主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。
主谓一致必须遵循三原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则,就近一致原则。
1. 语法一致原则:指主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,主语是复数形式,谓语也用复数形式。
例如:Tom is a good student. 汤姆是个好学生。
They often play football on the playground.他们经常在操场上踢足球。
2.意义一致原则:指主语形式上为单数,但意义为复数,因此谓语动词用复数形式;或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义,这是谓语动词用单数形式。
例如:My family are having lunch now. 我们一家人现在正吃牛饭。
Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book.这本书20美元太贵了。
3.就近一致原则:指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式,取决于最靠近他的主语。
例如:Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football.不仅老师喜欢踢足球,而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。
There is a pen and some books on the desk.课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。
二、主谓一致常考题型:1.单数名词(代词),不可数名词做主语时,谓语用单数形式,复数名词(代词)做主语,谓语用复数形式。
2.many a+单数名词做主语,意义虽为“许多”,但谓语要用单数形式。
例如:Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。
3. more than one+单数名词做主语,谓语用单数。
例如: More than one student has ever been to Beijing.不止一个学生曾经去过北京。
4.表示时间,价格,重量,数目,长度,数学运算等的词或短语做主语时,这些通常作一个整体概念,谓语用单数形式。
小学六年级知识点解析主谓一致与动词的单复数形式
小学六年级知识点解析主谓一致与动词的单复数形式小学六年级知识点解析:主谓一致与动词的单复数形式主谓一致是语法中的一个重要概念,它要求句子中的主语与谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
而动词的单复数形式则是指动词随主语的单数或复数形式变化。
在小学六年级的语文学习中,掌握主谓一致和动词的单复数形式是非常关键的一部分。
本文将详细解析这两个知识点,帮助同学们更好地理解和应用。
一、主谓一致主谓一致是指主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致的规则。
当主语是单数时,谓语动词要用单数形式;当主语是复数时,谓语动词要用复数形式。
1. 单数主语与单数谓语动词的一致形式。
例如:The girl sings beautifully.(女孩唱得很美。
)2. 复数主语与复数谓语动词的一致形式。
例如:The girls sing beautifully.(女孩们唱得很美。
)3. 注意特殊情况。
a. 有些名词作主语时,虽然是复数形式,但意思是单数,谓语动词要用单数形式。
例如:Physics is an interesting subject.(物理是个有趣的科目。
)b. 有些名词作主语时,虽然是复数形式,但意思是复数,谓语动词要用复数形式。
例如:The scissors are on the table.(剪刀放在桌子上。
)二、动词的单复数形式动词的单复数形式是指动词词形上的变化,它与主语的单复数形式相关联。
1. 动词的单数形式动词的单数形式是指表示一个人或一件事情时的形式。
例如:He jumps high.(他跳得很高。
)2. 动词的复数形式动词的复数形式是指表示多个人或多件事情时的形式。
例如:They jump high.(他们跳得很高。
)3. 注意特殊情况。
a. 有些动词没有复数形式,无论主语是单数还是复数,动词形式都是相同的。
例如:Sheep eat grass.(羊吃草。
)b. 有些动词的复数形式与其单数形式有所不同。
需要记住这些特殊变化形式。
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处理主谓一致一般有以下三条原则:1、语法一致,即在语法形式上取得一致,例如主语为单数形式,谓语也用单数形式,主语用复数形式,谓语也用复数形式。
The number of mistakes was surprising.Li Ping and her twin sister naturally look a lot alike.2、意义一致,即从意义上着眼处理一致关系。
例如,主语形式虽为单数但意义为复数,谓语动词也采取复数形式。
The crowed were fighting for their lives.或者主语形式虽为复数但意义上视为单数,谓语动词也用单数形式。
Three years in a strange land seems like a long time.3、就近原则,即谓语动词的单复数取决于最靠近它的主语。
There is a teacher and some students in our classroom.1)当主语为表示度量、时间、金钱、距离等复数名词,一般根据意义一致的原则,把这些复数名词看作一个整体,谓语动词采取单数。
Ten dollars is not enough.Three months is a long time.2)有些以-s结尾的n(如news, mathematics, physics, politics)因在意义为单数,所以谓语采用单数形式。
The news is exciting.Physics is one of the most difficult subjects for me.3)如果主语是一个表示抽象概念的不定式,动名词或名词性从句,谓动都采用单数形式。
To say sth is one thing and to do is another.Whether he comes or not doesn’t matter.Reading English magazines and novels is helpful to our English study.4)如果主语为单数,尽管后面跟with, together with, as well as, no less than, like, but, except等引导的短语谓动仍用单数形式。
The teacher, as well as some Ss is coming.Nobody but Tom and Marry was in the classroom just now.5)由some, any, no, every构成的复合代词,都作单数看待,因此谓动都采取单数形式。
Is everyone here?There is nothing but a card in the box.6)如果主语由each(either, neither)+of+n复数或代词结构担任时,谓动采用单数Has either of them told you?Each of the Ss in our class likes reading.7)如果主语由“many a/ more than one +单数”构成,尽管从意义上看是复数,谓动仍采用单数。
Many a student is on the playground.More than one of us has been to Beijing.8)在“each …… and each” “`every ……and every” “No …… and no”连接两个或两个以上的单数n等结构之后,谓语动词通常采用单数形式Each man and each woman was asked to help.9)如果主语是人名、国名、书名或组织机构名称时,即使是复数形式,谓动通常采用单数形式。
The United Nations was founded in 1945.10)成对的名词作主语时,谓语动词采用单数形式如:There is a knife and fork on the table.Bread and butter is daily food in the west.11)one and a half +名复作主语时,谓动用单数。
One and a half years has passed.12)有些指多数人或物的n(如people, police, cattle)单数形式,具有复数意义,谓动采用复数形式。
The police are looking for the lost boy.13)不可数n前面如有表数量的名词,后面常跟复数动词作谓语。
There are three bottles of ink on the desk.Three million tons of coal were exported last year.14)one or two +名复作主语,谓动采用复数形式。
One or two persons agree with him.15)few或a few作主语,谓动采用复数形式。
Few of us like the book.16)what, who, which, any, more, most, all等代词作主语谓语动词可以是单数也可以是复数形式,主要靠意思。
Which is your room?Which are your rooms?All is ready, let’s begin the meeting.All are here, let’s begin the meeting.17)在It is +n或代词+that/who …的强调句,谓语动词要与所强调的n或代词一致,如:It is I who am on duty today?It is Tom that is ill.18)如果主语是“the+adj或分词”结构作主语,用来表示一类人谓语v要用复数,用来表示个人或抽象概念,则谓动用单数形式The old are taken good care of in our country.The injured was a good friend of mine.19)两个主语用and连接时,谓动一般用复数My brother and I have both seen the film.Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China.但当and连接的两个词是指一个观念或同一个人时,谓动v则用单数:The poet and writer has come.His end and aim is clear to all of us.20)集体n: group, class, family, enemy, team, army, crowd, company, government等作主语时,如果视为整体谓动就用单数,视为其中的个体成员,就用复数The whole family is going there.My family are very well.The government has started a new school project.The government are doing their best to help the poor get rich.21)当一个句子有两个主语,而它们又是由either……or, neither……or, not only……but also或not……but连接时谓动通常和邻近的主语保持一致。
Neither he nor I have been to Beijing.Is either he or you going there?由there或here引导的句子,主语不止一个,谓语v通常和邻近的那个主语一致。
There is a piece of paper, two books and pens on the desk.Here are some books for you.22)表示数量的词语的复数n作主语时,谓动单复数形式取决于句子的意义,看作整体,谓动单数;看作个体,谓动复数Two months is quite a long time.Ten dollars is not enough.The last three years have been full of happiness.23)单复数同形的名sheep, deer, means, fish, fruit作主语时,谓动的单复数根据句子的意思决定。
He likes to eat apple, orange and other fruits, but I don’t like eat fruit.The milu deer is a kind of deer that used to be common in China.At present there are not many milu deer in nature.24)some, any, none, all, most等代词和half, the rest等n与of短语连用作主语时,谓动的单复数依据of后的名词或代词而定:Some of us like sports.Some of the money was missing.The rest of the apples have been rotten awayThe rest of the fruit has been rotten away.25)one of+复数n作主语时,谓语动词为单数,当定语从句的先行词为“one of+复数n”时,从句的谓语动词为复数;先行词是the only one of+复数n时,从句的谓语动词为单数(见定语从句例子)One of my books is gone ( missing/ lost)26)表示部分概念或不定数量的n如:a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of……percent of, a quarter of, one third of修辞主语时,谓动的单复数依据of后的n而定。
A lot of work has been finishedThere are a lot of Ss in our school.Seventy percent of the surface of the earth is covered by water.One third of the ss in our class are league members.27)each作主语或所修辞的n作主语,谓语动词用单数,若eath位于复数n或代词之后作同位语,谓语动词用复数Each of us has a dictionary.Each student in our class has a dictionary.We each have a dictionary.28)population作主语时,谓语v用单数,但几分之几或百分之几+population作主语时,谓语v用复数。