河北大学世界经济2005年考博专业课初试博士研究生考试真题
清华大学社会学专业考博真题-育明考博
4.翻译备考资料： （1）考博英语翻译讲义及指导练习 （2）考博英语翻译重要方法分析 （3）考博英语翻译常见单词和词组的正确处理方式 （4）考博英语翻译精讲与强化 （5）考博英语翻译致胜押题 20 篇
综合考试
09 社会心理学 （清华-北大-伯 克利项目）
综合考试
育明考博辅导中心张老师解析：
1、清华大学社会科学学院社会学专业考博的报录比平均在 5:1-6:1 左右（竞争较激烈）
2、初试英语拉开的分差较小，两门专业课拉开的分差非常大。要进入复试就必须在两门专业课中取得
较高的分数。专业课的复习备考中“信息”和“方向”比单纯的时间投入和努力程度更重要。
第二，专题信息汇总整理。每一位考生在复习专业课的最后阶段都应当进行专题总结，专题的来 源一方面是度历年真题考点的针对性遴选，另一方面是导师研究课题。最后一方面是专业前沿问题。 每一个专题都应当建立详尽的知识体系，做到专题知识点全覆盖。
第三，专业真题及解析。专业课的试题都是论述题，答案的开放性比较强。一般专业课每科有 4-5 道大题，考试时间各 3 小时，会有十几页答题纸，整个的答题和书写量是非常大的。考生在专业课复 习中仅仅有真题是不够的，还需要配合对真题最权威最正统的解析，两相印证才能够把握导师出题的 重点、范围以及更加偏重哪一类的答案。
难度、考察重点、题目来源等有价值的信息，结合以上分析得出的结论进行复习才会事半功倍有的放
矢。学校在出题时经常会参照研究生英语教学的课程内容以及外院导师所著的英语辅导资料。此外也
会借鉴其他重点院校的一些考博英语试题。
经济类专业考博-人大经济史考博资料考试分析学长经验报考难度辅导课程考博真题怎么准备-育明考博
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试比例 在 150%
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约 440 人
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全套资料包括： （一）、人大考博英语历年真题及解析（共 12 套）
中国考博辅导第一品牌
二、人大经济学院经济史专业考博考试内容参考书（基本学习年限 3 年）
招生专业 招生人数
初试考试科目
复试考试科目
020103 经济史
考试说明
3-4 人
1、初试考试科目：①经济理论；②经济 一：外语听力水平和口
史；③外语
语水平测试
2、跨一级学科考生复试笔试加试科目： （满分 50 分，其中听力测
毕业生去向：国家机关政府部门、科研单位、高等院校、金融部门、新闻部门、出版 部门等。
一、人民大学经济学院博士招生人数及名额分布及报录比
年份
人大内地招生总数 经济学院博 经济学院博士招生方公开招考 报名人数
复试人数
2012 年 900 人/873 人 2013 年 850 人/891 人 2014 年 900 人/893 人
河北大学博士统考英语真题
河北大学2005年博士入学考试题二、Structure and Vocabulary （20points）Direction：In each question decide which of the four choices given below will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Put the letter of your choice in the ANSWER SHEET. 1.When workers are organized in trade unions，employers find it hard lay them______A. OffB. asideC. outD. down2. A man who could ____such treatment was a man of remarkable physical courage and moral strengthA.bear uponB. insist onC. stand up toD. persist in3. If this method doesn’t ___, we shall have to think of another way.A. come offB. come aboutC. come outD. come on4.The____ of a chemical compound when brought into contact with another gives us clues to its composition.A .deed B. behavior C. characteristics D. correspondence5. The chairman of the committee was delighted by the almost full __of its members at the conference.A. dependenceB. absenceC. attendanceD. enrollment6. The police are supposed to protect the people and their properties, ___evil conducts, guide traffic and so on.A. suppressB. depressC. frustrateD. condemn7. John was proved innocent, for it was just a (n) _____to have found him on the murder spot.A. coincidenceB. accidentC. occasionD. incident8. Nobody yet knows how long and how seriously the shakiness in the financial system will _____will down the economy.A. knockB. dragC. settleD. put9.It would have taken hours to work the sum out, so I____ my pocket calculatorA.turned overB. turned toC. turned inD. turned out10.The founding of the United Nations ____people’s longing for peace.A.declaredB. announcedC. manifestedD. implied11.The plan was ____when it was discovered just know much the scheme would cost.A.releasedB. desertC. resignedD. abandoned12.Now and then I saw the captain _____the horizon for approaching ships.A.scanningB. scrutinizingC. exploringD. sweeping13.Some economical people take food tins with them and carry the ____of the dinner home after a meal in a restaurant.A.remainsB. remainderC. left-overD. rest14.These classical literary works are ______of his originality as a writer.A.exemptionB. exemplificationC. examinationD. execution15. The neighbors do not consider him quite _____as most evenings he awakes them with his drunken singing.A.respectfulB. respectedC. respectableD. respective16. “They had a quarrel with my brother yesterday” “____come?”A.What B. How C. Why D. Where17. We resumed our work after the break with _____energy.A. relievedB. refinedC. renewedD. reinforced18.The shop lifter ran into the crow and _____from the sight of policemen.A. vanishedB. escapedC. meltedD. periledst year, the West European States had a _____to talk about the political union.A. conventionB. congressC. assemblyD. conference20.There exists in the United States at this time a powerful group of persons who are specializing in ____of crime on an organized scale.A. questB. thirstC. hunterD. excess三、Reading Comprehension (15points)Directions: Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question four answers are given. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each question. Put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET.Passage OneWe all know that the normal human daily cycle of activity is ofsome 7-8 hours’ sleep alternately with some 16-17 hours’ wakefulness and that, broadly speaking, the sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness. Our present concern is with how easily and to what extent this cycle can be modified.The question is no mere academic one. The case. For example ,with which people can change from working in the day to working at night is a question of growing importance in industry where automation calls insistently for round-the-clock working of machines. It normally takes from fives days to one week for a person to adapt to a reversed routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping. during the day and working at night. Unfortunately, it is often the case in industry that shift are changed every week; a person may work from 12 midnight to 8 a. m. one week. 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. the next, and 4 p.m. to 12 midnight the third and so on. This means that no sooner has he got used to one routine than he has to change to another, so that much of his time is spend neither working nor sleeping very efficiently.One answer would seem to be longer periods on each shift, a month, or even three months. Recent research by Bonjer of the Netherlands, however, has shown that people on such systems will revert to their normal habits of sleep and wakefulness during the weekend and that this is quite enough to destroy any adaptation to night work built up during the week.The only real solution appears to be to hand over the night shift to a corps of permanent night workers whose nocturnal(夜间发生的) wakefulness may persist through all weekends and holidays. An interesting study of the domestic life and health of night-shift workers was carried out by Brown. She found a night incidence of disturbed sleep, digestive disorder and domestic disruption among those on alternating day and night shifts, but no abnormal occurrence of these symptoms among those on permanent night work.21.Why is the question” no mere academic one?”A. Because Bonjer’s findings are different from Brown’s.B. Because sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness.C. Because some people can change their sleeping habits easily.D.Because shift work in industry requires people to change theirsleeping habits.22.According to the passage , the main problem about night workis that_____.A.people hate the inconvenience of working on night shiftsB.your life is disturbed by changing from day to night routinesand backC.not all industries work at the same hoursD.it is difficult to find a corps of good night workers23.According to the passage, the best solution to the problemseems to be_____.A.not to change shifts from one week to the nextB.to make periods on each shifts longerC.to employ people who will always work at nightD.to find ways of selecting people who adapt quickly24.In Paragraph2.”the third” means_____.A. the third weekB. the third shiftC. a third of the timeD. the third routine25.In the last sentence of Pragraph2, “another” means_____.A. another routineB. another shiftC. another weekD. another personPassage TwoMan has become master of the earth’s surface. He is constantlyprobing into the earth’s depths and into the atmosphere’s upper reaches. Yet it is doubtful whether man, with all of its intelligence and forcefulness, hold his planetary seat with greater assurance than avast tribe of small, many legged animals that pass their lives at his feet–spiders.Spiders are among the marvels of science. They dwell at higheraltitudes than any other creature of their size or larger. On themountain sides of Mount Everest, at an altitude of twenty-twothousand feet ----five hundred feet above the vegetation line-lives aspecies of black spider only a quarter of an inch long. This is anincredible environment for creatures so delicately constructed. Toprotect themselves from the cold of night, they take shelter inopenings where the twenty-four-hour variation in temperature is onlytwelve degrees, as against forty-four on the outside.Spiders inhabit other unlikely places-rabbit burrows, flowers, anthills, and the deserted nests of eagles. They have been found soaring through the air five miles above the earth. One species has been discovered in an African cavern more than two thousand feet underground.26.The author thinks that spiders.A.rival man as master of the earthB.are as firmly established on the earth than manC.are more forceful than manD.are more firmly established on the earth than man27.The writer is amazed by the black spider’s______.A.delicate constructionB.ability to live in such varied environmentsC.unusual intelligenceD.ability to withstand extreme cold28.Spiders “hold their planetary seat with assurance” because they are_____.A.more numerous than any other speciesB.able to adapt to hostile environmentsC.master of the earth’s surfaceD.all of the above29.The species of black spiders discovered on Mount Hverest is_____.A.the smallest species of spidersB.the highest-altitude dweller among creatures of that size or largerC.the only creatures that lives at that altitudeD.capable of surviving in any environment30.From this passage, we may conclude that_____’A.spiders have adapted to many unlikely environmentsB.on the whole spiders are delicate creaturesC.a species of black spiders can live anywhereD.spiders are the greatest marvel of natural sciencePassage ThreeDuring the past few years, scientists the world over havesuddenly found themselves productively engaged in task they oncespent their lives avoiding-writing and kind of writing, but particularlyletter writing. Encourage by electronic mail’s surprising high speed, convenience and economy, people who never before touched thestuff are regularly, skillfully, even cheerfully tapping out a great deal of correspondence.Electronic networks, woven into the fabric of scientific communication these days, are the route to colleagues in distant countries, shared date, bulletin boards and electronic journals. Anyone with a personal computer, a modern and the software to link computers over telephone lines can sign on. An estimated five millionscientists have done so with more joining every day, most of them communicating though a bundle of interconnected domestic andforeign routes known collectively as the Internet, or net.E-mail is starting to edge out the fax, the telephone, overnightmail and of course, land mail, It shrinks time and distance betweenscientific collaborators, in part because it is conveniently asynchronous(异步的)(writers can type while their colleagues acrosstime zones sleep; their message will be waiting). If it is yet speeding discoveries, it is certainly accelerating communication.Jeremy Bernstein. The physicist and science writer, once called E-mail the physicist’s virtues. Physicist are using it; college students areusing it, everybody is using it, and as a sign that it has come of age, theNew Yorker has celebrated its liberating presence with a cartoon- an appreciative dog seated at a keyboard, saying happily, “On the Internet, nobody knows you’re a dog.”31.The reason given below about the popularity of E-mail can befound in the passage except_______.A. direct and reliableB. time-saving in deliveryC. money-savingD. available at any time32.How is the Internet or net explained in the passage?A.Electronic routes used to read home and international journals.B.Electronic routes used to fax or correspond overnight.C.Electronic routes waiting for correspondence while one issleeping.D.Electronic routines connected among millions of users, home and abroad.33.What does the sentence “If is it not yet speeding discoveries, it is certainly accelerating communication” most probably mean?A.The quick speed of correspondence may have ill-effects on discoveries.B.Although it does not speed up correspondence, it helps make discoveries.C.It quickens mutual communication even if it does not accelerate discoveries.D.It shrinks time for communication and accelerates discoveries.34.What does the sentence “On the Internet, nobody knows you’re a dog,” imply in the last paragraph?A.Even dogs are interested in the computer.B.E-mail has become very popular.C.Dogs are liberated from their usual duties.D.E-mail deprives dogs of their owners’ love.35.What will happen to fax, land mail, overnight mail, etc. according to the writer?A.Their functions cannot be replaced by E-mail.B.They will co-exist with E-mail for a long time.C.Less and less people will use them.D.They will play a supplementary function to E-mail.四、Translate the following passage into Chinese (10 points)The clusters of graceful palms, reflected deep in the placid expanse of the backwater, were silhouetted inky black against the sunset sky, aflame with clouds that were the color of gold and fire, and blood.A slow breeze caused gentle ripples in the otherwise mirror like perfection of the island sea. The distant melodies of a fisherman’s flute—now a clear, shrill bird-like note, now a mere whisper—seemed to enhance, rather than shatter, the all-pervading stillness.五、Writing（15 points）Direction：For this part, you are asked to write a composition on thetopic How to Keep Balance between Economic Development and Environmental Protection You should write at least 200 words.How to Keep Balance between Economic Development andEnvironmental Protection。
河北大学博士
010100 哲学(4)
002 马列主 义教学研究 030505 思想政治教育(5) 部(5 李赶顺(1) 020105 世界经济(7) 02 世界经济理论 李惠茹 （备注：往届考生需要以第一 (4) 作者身份发表经济管理类论 顾六宝(1) 文 3 篇，其中核心 1 篇） 王金营(1) 03 中外金融制度 康书生(1) 与政策比较(1) 鲍静海 04 中外财政制度 孙健夫(1) 与政策比较(1) 01 西方教育史 （现当代美国教 傅松涛(1) 育史）(1) 004 教育学 院(4) 040103 教育史(4) 02 西方教育史 (1) 03 日本教育史 (2) 郭健(1)
①1001 英语②2009 新闻传播综合③3022 新闻史论 ①1001 英语②2009 新闻传播综合③3023 新闻传播 业务 ①1001 英语②2009 新闻传播综合③3024 编辑出版 ①1001 英语②2009 新闻传播综合③3025 文化传播 ①1001 英语、1002 日语 选一②2010 中国古代史 ③3026 宋辽金史 ①1001 英语、1002 日语 选一②2010 中国古代史 ③3026 宋辽金史 ①1001 英语、1002 日语 选一②2010 中国古代史 ③3026 宋辽金史 ①1001 英语、1002 日语 选一②2010 中国古代史 ③3027 中国古代经济史 ①1001 英语、1002 日语 选一②2010 中国古代史 ③3027 中国古代经济史 ①1001 英语、1002 日语 选一②2011 中国近现代 史③3028 中国近代社会经济史 ①1001 英语、1002 日语 选一②2011 中国近现代 史③3029 中国近现代社会史 ①1001 英语、1002 日语 选一②2011 中国近现代
2016 高等数学 选一③3033 高分子化学、3034 高 分子物理、 3035 高等有机化学、 3036 统计力学 选 一 ①1001 英语②2012 高等光学③3031 激光光谱 ①1001 英语②2012 高等光学③3031 激光光谱 ①1001 英语②2012 高等光学③3031 激光光谱 ①1001 英语②2012 高等光学③3031 激光光谱 ①1001 英语②2012 高等光学③3031 激光光谱 ①1001 英语②2012 高等光学③3031 激光光谱 ①1001 英语②2012 高等光学③3031 激光光谱 ①1001 英语②2012 高等光学③3031 激光光谱 ①1001 英语②2017 普通动物学、2018 普通昆虫学 选一③3037 动物分类原理与方法 ①1001 英语②2017 普通动物学、2018 普通昆虫学 选一③3037 动物分类原理与方法 ①1001 英语②2020 遗传学③3039 分子生物学 ①1001 英语②2017 普通动物学、2018 普通昆虫学 选一③3039 分子生物学 ①1001 英语②2017 普通动物学、2018 普通昆虫学
河北大学考博英语真题试题试卷2005
河北大学2005年博士入学考试试题类别：A 学科、专业研究方向考试科目考试吋间外英语I.Listening Comprehension(10points)Directions:In this section you will hear10short conversations.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.Each conversation and question will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause,you must read the four suggested answers.Then choose the best one and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1.A.2days B.Saturday C.3days D.Friday2.A.At a museum B.In a classroom C.In a store D.In a library3.A.His roommate stays awake all night B.He wants to play his recorder at nightC.The present room is too expensiveD.He needs a quieter place to live in4.A.English people like to wear blue clothes at ChristmasB.Christmas is a family reunion for the British peopleC.An Englishman does not get homesick if he is away from homeD.An Englishman feels very unhappy if he is away from home at Christmas5.A.He had chosen a ski area beyond his abilityB.He knew that he could easily ski down the slopeC.He had his mouth full of foodD.He looked down his ski coach6.A.The car repair B.A car order C.An insurance claim D.A bank loan7.A.The model B.The lens C.The price D.The flash attachment8.A.Mail an invitation to the Smiths B.Obtain clothing for the SmithsC.Have a party for the SmithsD.Ask the Smiths to tell where they live9.A.He cannot tell the truth B.He cannot driveC.He has to search for his compartmentD.He has not yet found a room to rent10.A.Go to the party B.Review her lessonC.Ride with GeorgeD.Go to the marketII.Structure and Vocabulary(20points)Directions:In each question decide which of the four choices given below will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked.Put the letter of your choice in the ANSWER SHEET.1.When workers are organized in trade unions,employers find it hard to lay them______.A.offB.asideC.outD.down2.A man who could______such treatment was a man of remarkable physical courage and moral strength.A.bear uponB.insist onC.stand up toD.persist in3.It this method doesn't______,we shall have to think of another way.e offe aboute oute on4.The______of a chemical compound when brought into contact with another gives us clues to its composition.A.deedB.behaviorC.characteristicsD.correspondence5.The chairman of the committee was delighted by the almost full______of its members at the conference.A.dependenceB.absence C attendance D.enrollment6.The police are supposed to protect the people and their properties,______evil conducts,guide traffic and so on.A.suppressB.depressC.frustrateD.condemn7.John was proved innocent,for it was just a(n)______to have found him on the murder spot.A.coincidenceB.accidentC.occasionD.incident8.Nobody yet knows how long and how seriously the shakiness in the financial system will_____down the economy.A.knockB.dragC.settleD.put9.It would have taken hours to work the sum out,so I______my pocket calculator.A.turned overB.turned toC.turned inD.turned out10.The founding of the United Nations______people's longing for peace.A.declaredB.announcedC.manifestedD.implied11.The plan was______when it was discovered just how much the scheme would cost.A.releasedB.desertC.resignedD.abandoned12.Now and then I saw the captain______the horizon for approaching ships.A.scanningB.scrutinizingC.exploringD.sweeping13.Some economical people take food tins with them and carry the______of the dinner home after a meal in arestaurant.A.remainsB.remainderC.left-overD.rest14.These classical literary works are______of his originality as a writer.A.exemptionB.exemplificationC.examinationD.execution15.The neighbors do not consider him quite______as most evenings he awakes them with his drunken singing.A.respectfulB.respectedC.respectableD.respective16.“They had a quarrel with my brother yesterday.”“______come?”A.WhatB.HowC.WhyD.Where17.We resumed our work after the break whit______energy.A.relievedB.refinedC.renewedD.reinforced18.The shop lifter ran into the crowd anti______from the sight of policemen.A.vanishedB.escapedC.meltedD.periledst year,the West European States had a______to talk a be ut the political union.A.convention b.congress C.assembly D.conference20.There exists in the United Stales at this time a powerful group of persons who are specializing in______of crimeon an organized scale.A.questB.thirstC.hunterD.excessIII.Reading Comprehension(15points)Directions:Each of the passages below is followed by some questions.For each question four answers are given. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each question.Put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET.Passage OneWe all know that the normal human daily cycle of activity is of some7-8hours’sleep alternately with some 16-17hours’wakefulness and that,broadly speaking,the sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness.Our present concern is with how easily and to what extent this cycle can be modified.The question is no mere academic one.The ease,for example,with which people can change from working in the day to working at night is a question of growing importance in industry where automation calls insistently for round-the-clock working of machines.It normally takes from fives days to one week for a person to adapt to a reversed routine of sleep and wakefulness,sleeping,during the day and working at night.Unfortunately,it is often the case in industry that shifts arc changed every week;a person may work from12midnight to8a.m.one week.8a.m.to4p.m, the next,and4p.m.m12midnight the third and so on.This means that no sooner has he got used to one routine than he has to change to another,so that much of his time is spend neither working nor sleeping very efficiently.One answer would seem to be longer periods on each shift,a month,or even three months.Recent research by Bonjer of the Netherlands,however,has shown that people on such systems will revert to their normal habits of sleep and wakefulness during the weekend and that this is quite enough to destroy any adaptation to night work built up during the week.The only real solution appears to be to hand over the night shift to a corps of permanent night workers whose nocturnal(夜间发生的)wakefulness may persist through all weekends and holidays.An interesting study of the domestic life and health of night-shift workers was carried out by Brown.She found a high incidence of disturbed sleep,digestive disorder and domestic disruption among those on alternating day and night shifts,but no abnormal occurrence of these symptoms among those on permanent night work.1.Why is the question“no mere academic one”？A.Because Bonjer’s findings are different from Brown's.B.Because sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness.C.Because some people can change their sleeping habits easily.D.Because shift work in industry requires people to change their sleeping habits2.According to the passage,the main problem about night work is that______.A.people hate the inconvenience of working on night shiftsB.your life is disturbed by changing from day to night routines and backC.not all industries work at the same hoursD.it is difficult to find a corps of good night workers3.According to the passage,the best solution to the problem seems to be______.A.not to change shifts from one week to the nextB.to make periods on each shifts longerC.to employ people who will always work at nightD.to find ways of selecting people who adapt quickly4.In Paragraph2.“the third”means______A.the third weekB.the third shiftC.a third of the timeD.the third routine5.In the last sentence of Paragraph2,“another”means______.A.another routineB.another shiftC.another weekD.another personPassage TwoMan has become master of the earth’s surface.He is constantly probing into the earth’s depths and into the atmosphere’s upper reaches.Yet it is doubtful whether man,with all of its intelligence and forcefulness,holds his planetary seat with greater assurance than a vast tribe of small,many legged animals that pass their lives at his feet—the spiders.Spiders are among the marvels of science.They dwell at higher altitudes than any other creature of their size cr larger.On the mountain sides of Mount Everest,at an altitude of twenty-two thousand feet—five hundred feet above the vegetation line—lives a species of black spider only a quarter of an inch long.This is an incredible environment for creatures so delicately constructed.To protect themselves from the cold of night,they take shelter in openings where the twenty-four-hour variation in temperature is only twelve degrees,as against forty-four on The outside.Spiders inhabit other unlikely places—rabbit burrows,flowers,anthills,and the deserted nests of eagles.They have been found soaring through the air five miles above the earth.One species has been discovered in an African cavern more than two thousand feet underground.6.The author thinks that spiders______.A.rival man as master of the earthB.are as firmly established on the earth as manC.are more forceful than manD.are more firmly established on the earth than man7.The writer is amazed by the black spider’s______.A.delicate constructionB.ability to live in such varied environmentsC.unusual intelligenceD ability to withstand extreme cold8.Spiders"hold their planetary seat with assurance''because they are______.A.more numerous than any other speciesB.able to adapt to hostile environmentsC.masters of the earth's surfaceD.all of the above9.The species of black spiders discovered on Mount Everest is______.A.the smallest species of spidersB.the highest-altitude dweller among creatures of that size or largerC.the only creature that lives at that altitudeD.capable of surviving in any environment10.From this passage,we may conclude that______.A.spiders have adapted to many unlikely environmentsB.on the whole spiders are delicate creaturesC.a species of black spiders can live anywhereD.spiders are the greatest marvel of natural sciencePassage ThreeDuring the past few years,scientists the world over have suddenly found themselves productively engaged in task they once spent their lives avoiding—writing.any kind of writing,but particularly letter writing.Encouraged by electronic mail's surprising high speed,convenience and economy,people who never before Touched the stuff are regularly,skillfully,even cheerfully tapping out a great deal of correspondence.Electronic networks,woven into the fabric of scientific communication these days,are the route to colleagues in distant countries,shared data,bulletin boards and electronic journals.Anyone with a personal computer,a modern and the software to link computers over telephone lines can sign on.An estimated five million scientists have done so with more joining every day,most of them communicating through a bundle of interconnected domestic and foreign routes known collectively as the Internet,or net.E-mail is starting to edge out the fax,the telephone.overnight mail and of course,land mail.It shrinks time and distance between scientific collaborators,in part because it is conveniently asynchronous(异步的)(writers can type while their colleagues across time zones sleep;their message will be waiting).If it is yet speeding discoveries,it is certainly accelerating communication.Jeremy Bernstei.the physicist and science writer,once called E-mail the physicist's umbilical tely other people,too,have been discovering its connective virtues.Physicists are using it;college students are using it, everybody is using it,and as a sign that it has come of age,the New Yorker has celebrated its liberating presence witha cartoon-an appreciative dog seated at a keyboard,saying happily,“On the Internet,nobody knows you’re a dog.”11.The reason given below about the popularity of E-mail can be found in the passage except______.A.direct and reliableB.time-saving in deliveryC.money savingD.available at any time12.How is the Internet or net explained in the passage?A.Electronic routes used to read home and international journals.B.Electronic routes used to fax or correspond overnight.C.Electronic routes waiting for correspondence while one is sleeping.D.Electronic routines connected among millions of users,home and abroad.13.What does the sentence“If it is not yet speeding discoveries,it is certainly accelerating communication”mostprobably mean?A.The quick speed of correspondence may have ill-effects on discoveries.B.Although it does not speed up correspondence,it helps make discoveries.C.It quickens mutual communication even if it does not accelerate discoveries.D.It shrinks time for communication and accelerates discoveries.14.What does the sentence“On the Internet,nobody knows you're a dog.”imply,in the last paragraph?A.Even dogs are interested in the computer.B.E-mail has become very popular.C.Dogs are liberated from their usual duties.D.E-mail deprives dogs of their owners’love.15.What will happen to fax,land mail,overnight mail,etc.according to the writer?A.Their functions cannot be replaced by E-mail.B.Their will co-exist with E-mail for a long time.C.Less and less people will use them.D.They will play a supplementary function to E-mail.IV.Translate the following passage into Chinese(10points)The clusters of graceful palms,reflected deep in the placid expanse of the backwater,were silhouetted inky black against the sunset sky,aflame with clouds that were the color of gold and fire and blood!A slow breeze caused gentle ripples in the otherwise mirrorlike perfection of the inland sea.The distant melody of a fisherman’s flute——now a clear,shrill bird-like note,now a mere whisper—seemed to enhance,rather than shatter,the all-pervading stillness.V.Writing(15points)Directions:For this part,you are asked to write a composition on the topic How to Keep Balance betweenEconomic Development and Environmental Protection.You should write at least200words.How to Keep Balance between Economic Developmentand Environmental Protection。
河北大学考博英语真题试题试卷2011
河北大学考博英语真题试题试卷2011Part I Grammar and Vocabulary(15%)1.He______his children nothing and gave them everything they wanted,which spoiled the children.A)disagreed B)rejected C)declined D)denied2.The new apartment house that was built a few months ago is large enough to______over two hundred people.A)accommodate B)settle C)live D)share3.Despite______,it did a great deal of good work inside the trade union.A)mistakes and weaknessesB)of mistakes and weaknessesC)it had mistakes and weaknessesD)there were mistakes and weaknesses4.She isn't rich;______that she will ever be.A)and I imagine B)and do I imagine C)nor I imagine D)nor doI imagine5.It is an almost universal truth______the more we are promoted in a job,the less we actually exercise the skills we initially used to perform itA)that B)which C)what D)as6.Think carefully before you answer his questions.You may be trapped______vital information.A)giving away B)to give away C)into giving away D)give away7.Marianne was tempted to turn the large rooms into traditional French-style salons,______Howard was in favor of a typically English look.A)when B)which C)where D)while8.The school has very good teachers,but when itcomes______its buildings,the school is poor.A)to renovate B)to renovating C)for renovating D)as renovate9.That book is worth at Least$15,but we could let you have it______$10.A)for B)by C)at D)on10.Though be worked part time after class,his exam results are______above average.A)away B)too C)very D)way?11.Tommy talks about pyramids as though he______them himself.A)sees B)has seen C)is seeing D)had seen12.Non-gaseous substances which______naturally as pure elements,such as gold,are rare and are often highly valued.A)happen B)occur C)perceive D)assume13.______the government's record on unemployment,their chances of winning the election look poor.A)Give B)Giving C)Given D)T o give14.A sacred site might be a mountain that is______some significance to a tribe.A)with B)by C)of D)at15.He said ft was important that every member______his subscription by the end of the month.A)send B)sent C)had sent D)would sentPart II Reading Comprehension(25%)Directions:There are5passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A)B)C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Questions16to20are based on the following passage:At Beth Israel each patient is assigned to a primary nurse who visits at length with the patient and constructs a full-scale health account that covers everything from his medical history to his emotional state.Then she writes a care plan centered on the patient’s illness but which also includes everything else that is necessary.The primary nurse stays with the patient through the hospitalization,keeping track with his progress and seeking further advice from his doctor.If a patient at Beth Israel is not responding to treatment,it is not uncommon for his nurse to propose another approach to his doctor.What the doctor at Beth Israel has in the primary nurse is atrue colleague.Beth Israel’s nurse-in-chief ranks as an equal with other vice presidents of the hospital.She is also a member of the Medical Executive Committee,which in most hospitals includes only doctors.16.Which of the following best characterizes the main feature of the nursing system at Beth Israel Hospital?A)The doctor gets more active professional support from the primary nurse.B)Each patient is taken care of by a primary nurse day and night.C)The primary nurse writes care plans for every patient.D)The primary nurse keeps records of the patient’s health conditions every day.17.It can be inferred from the passage that______.A)compared with other hospitals nurses at Beth Israel Hospital are more patient.B)in most hospitals patient care is inadequate from theprofessional point of viewC)in most hospitals nurses get low salariesD)compared with other hospitals nurses have to work longer hours at Beth Israel Hospital18.A primary nurse can propose different approach of treatment when______.A)the present one is refused by the patientB)the patient complains about the present oneC)the present one proves to be ineffectiveD)the patient is found unwilling to cooperate19.The main difference between a nurse-manager and a head nurse is that the former______.A)is a member of the Medical Executive Committee of the hospitalB)has to arrange the work shifts of the unit’s nursesC)can make decisions concerning the medical treatment of a patient.D)has full responsibility in the administration of the unit's nurses.20.The author's attitude towards the nursing system at Beth Israel Hospital is______.A)negative B)neutral C)critical D)positiveQuestions21to25are based on the following passage:The quality of university life is declining under strain from the higher education,leading independent schools in British complied.The warning followed survey of the impressions of campus life gained by students of school. Poor interviewing of the applicants,infrequent contacts with tutors,worries over student safety,and even complaint over the food were seen as symptoms of the pressure on universities.Head teachers said thatstandards could well drop if the squeeze on universities budgets continued.A survey was carried out because of fears that the level of green area in universities had declined.A great number of student suicides had raised concerns among head teachers.Although most of the6,000students surveyed were enjoying university life,almost a third were less than satisfied with their course.About one in10had serious financial problems and some give alarming accounts of conditions around their halls of their residence.Incidents mentioned included a fatal stabbing and shooting outside a hall of residence,the petrol bombing of cars near another residence,and two racist attacks.Nine percent of women and seven percent of men rated security as unsatisfactory in the area where they lived.Stanford University had the lowest satisfaction /doc/a31368385.html,ncaster and Kinston universities were rated the safest.The survey confirmed head teachers'fears about contact between students and tutors slipping,with a quarter of the students seeing their tutors only every three weeks.New students,used to regular contact with their teachers, found it hard to adapt to the change.Interview techniques were a cause for concern,with the school calling for more training of the university staff involved in admissions.Some headmasters complained that interviews were increasingly“odd”.One greeted an applicant by throwing him an apple.Another interview lasted only three minutes. About a quarter of the students found the workload at university heavier than they had expected.Imperial College London,Oxford,and Cambridge universities registered by far the highest workload.There were differences between subjects,with architectures,engineering,veterinary science,medicine and some science subjects demanding the most work.Veterinary sciencewas nevertheless the most popular subject,followed by physiotherapy and history of art.General engineering,economics,computing and sociology were the least popular. The survey also confirmed that previous concerns about possible racial prejudice in admissions to medical courses. Applicants with names suggesting an ethnic minority background had been rejected with qualifications as good as successful white candidates.21.According to the passage,the main problem existing in the interview of admission is that______.A)the interviewers often greeted the applicants by throwing an appleB)the interviewers spent only a few minutes interviewing an applicantC)the interviewers were not knowledgeable to interview the applicantsD)the interviewers lack enough training and interview techniques22.From the passage,we can learn that______.A)most students surveyed were satisfied with university lifeB)many head teachers were killed by the students in universityC)veterinary science was popular for its workload was lightD)students were worried about the squeeze on university budgets23.From the passage,we can see that the author's description of the quality of university life in British is______.A)objectiveB)subjectiveC)pessimisticD)arbitrary24.Among the following,which is the proper statement of the status of the student’s security?A)Fatal stabbing and shooting often happened outside the hall of residence.B)The students in British were so worried about their security in university.C)Students were often watchful against people around their halls of residence.D)The status of students’security in Stanford University might be awful.25.From the passage,we can infer that in high school,students______?A)were never worried about their securityB)had regular contact with their tutorsC)were often dissatisfied with their courseD)were worried about their entrance examQuestions26to30are based on the following passage:Many stray dogs and cats wander in the streets of the /doc/a31368385.html,ually they end up in animal shelters,where staffs must find ways to dispose of them.One legitimate disposal route has been the research lab.But in California, animal rights groups recently have been learning(leaning)hard on animal shelters,effectively cutting off much of the supply.About30years ago,Los Angeles voters defeated a proposal to prohibit the release of the animals for the laboratory use.But today,with new proposals being submitted to city councils and country boards,the result could be well different.And the new proposals are much more sweeping.They would create reviewboards for all animal experimentation.A group of California investigators even have organized a committee for animal research in medicine.“Most scientists don’t realize the danger,”ways Caltech neurobiologist John M.Allman,who uses monkeys to study the organization of the brain.“Such movements in the past---in this country,at least—have largely been the efforts of small,fragmented and relatively ineffective groups.But this new movement is carefully orchestrated,well organized,and well financed.”it is easy to look at the history of animal experimentation and compile a catalog of horrors.But the day is long past when a researcher can take animal and do anything he pleases to it with a total disregard for its welfare and comfort.“People don’t realize,”says Allman,“that we are already extensively reviewed.In my work I must follow the ethical codes laid down by the National Institute of Health and the American Physiological Society,among others.And we might have a surprise visit at any time from the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s inspectors.It’s the USDA field veterinarians who do the enforcing.Believe me,these inspections are anything,but routine,and these fellows have a great deal of power.Because their reports can adversely affect federal funding,their recommendations are,in reality,orders.”It is important that the animal rights advocates do not impose their solutions on society.It would be tragic indeed---when medical science is close to learning so much more that is very useful to our health and welfare---ifalready regulation-burdened and budget-restrained researchers were further hampered.I wander about those purists who seek to halt all animalexperimentation on moral grounds:Do they also refuse,for themselves and others,to accept any remedy—or information—that gained through animal experimentation?And do they have the right to make such decisions on behalf of all patients in cancer wards?26.According to Para.2,which of the following statements is true?A)People in Los Angeles voted against sending animals to lab30years ago.B)People in Los Angeles voted for sending animals to animal shelters30years ago.C)People in Los Angeles hold the same attitudes toward the laboratory use of animals as30years ago.D)The attitude of people in Los Angeles toward the laboratory use of animals has changed in the past30yes.27.What does the word“orchestrated”in Para.3most probably mean?A)Arranged.B)Performed.C)Held.D)Formed.28.The following organizations may have strong influence on animal experimentation in Los Angeles except____.A)National Institute of Health B)American Physiological SocietyC)U.S.Department of Agriculture D)City Council29.If animal rights advocates realize their ideas on the experimentation,what will happen?A)The scientists are sure to gain more research results.B)It may help the scientists to gain more financial did.C)The government may choose their regulation of the experimentation.D)The development of medical science may slow down.30.What’s the author’s attitude towards people who oppose animal experimentation?A)Supportive.B)Opposite.C)Indifferent.D)unclear.Questions31to35are based on the following passage:Most people would agree that,although our age exceeds all previous ages in knowledge,there is no corresponding increase in wisdom.But agreement ceases as soon as we attempt to define“wisdom”and consider means of promoting it.There are several factors that contribute to wisdom.Of these I should put first a sense of proportion:the capacity to take account of all the important factors in a problem and to attach to each its due weight.This has become more difficult than it used to be owing to the extent and complexity of the special knowledge required of various kinds of technicians.Suppose,for example,that you are engaged in research in scientific medicine.The work is difficult and is likely to absorb the whole of your mind.You have no time to consider the effect which your discoveries or inventions may have outside the field of medicine.You succeed(let us say)as modern medicine has succeeded,in enormously lowering the infant death-rate,not only in Europe and America,but also in Asia and Africa.This has the entirely unintended result of making food supply inadequate and lowering the standard of life in the parts of the world that have the greatest populations.To take an even more dramatic example,which is in everybody’s mind at the present time:you study the makeup of the atom from a disinterested desire for knowledge, and by chance place in the hands of a powerful mad man the means of destroying the human race.Therefore,with every increase of knowledge and skill,wisdom becomes more necessary,for every such increase augments(增强)our capacity for realizing our purposes,and therefore augments our capacity for evil,if our purposes are unwise.31.Disagreement arises when people try to decide______.A)how much more wisdom we have now than beforeB)what wisdom is and how to develop itC)if there is a great increase of wisdom in our ageD)whether wisdom can be developed or not32.According to the author,“wisdom”is the ability to______.A)carefully consider the bad effects of any kind of research workB)give each important problem some careful considerationC)acquire a great deal of complex and special knowledgeD)give suitable consideration to all the possible elements ina problem33.Lowering the infant death-rate may_______.A)prove to be helpful everywhere in the worldB)give rise to an increase m population in EuropeC)cause food shortages in Asia and AfricaD)raise the living standard of the people in Africa34.The author uses the examples in the passage to illustrate his point that______.A)it's extremely difficult to consider all the important elements in a problemB)success in medical research has its negative effectsC)scientists may unknowingly cause destruction to the human raceD)it's unwise to be totally absorbed in research in scientific medicine35.What is the main idea of the passage?A)It is unwise to place the results of scientific research in thelands of a.powerful mad man.B)The more knowledge one has,the wiser one becomes.C)Any Increase of knowledge could lead to disastrous results without the guidance of wisdom.D)Wisdom increases in proportion to one's age.Questions36to40are based on the following passage:Looking back on my childhood,I am convinced that naturalist are born and not made.Although we were all brought up in the same way,my brothers and sisters soon abandoned their pressed flowers and insects.Unlike them, I had no ear for music and languages.I was not an early reader and I could not do mental arithmetic.Before World War I we spent our summer holidays in Hungary.I have only the dim memory of the house we lived in,of my room and my toys.Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grandparents,aunts,uncles and cousins who gathered next door.But I do have a crystal-clear memory of the dogs,the farm animals,the local birds,and above all,the insects.I am a naturalist,not a scientist.I have a strong love for the natural world and my enthusiasm had led me into varied investigations.I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil while reading about other people's observations and discoveries.Then something happens that brings these observations together in my conscious mind.Suddenly you fancy you see the answer to the riddle,because it all seems to fit together.This has resulted in my publishing300papers and books,which some might be honored with the title of scientific research.But curiosity,a keen eye,a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist: one of theoutstanding and essential qualities required is self-discipline,a quality I lack.A scientist requires not only self-discipline but hard training,determination and a goal.A scientist,up to a point,can be made.A naturalist is born.If you can combine the two,you get the best of both worlds.36.The first paragraph tells us the author______.A)was interested in flowers and insects in his childhoodB)lost his hearing when he was a childC)didn't like Ms brothers and sistersD)was born to a naturalist's family37.The author can't remember his relatives clearly because______.A)he didn't live very long with themB)the family was extremely largeC)he was too young when he lived with themD)he was fully occupied with observing nature38.It can be inferred from the passage that the author was______.A)a scientist as well as a naturalistB)not a naturalist but a scientistC)no more than a born naturalistD)first of all a scientist39.The author says that he is a naturalist rather than a scientist probably because he thinks he______.A)has a great deal of trouble doing mental arithmeticB)lacks some of the qualities required of a scientistC)just reads about other people's observations and discoveriesD)comes up with solutions in a most natural way40.According to the author,a born naturalist should first of allbe______.A)full of ambition B)knowledgeableC)full of enthusiasm D)self-disciplinedTranslate the following sentences into Chinese(25%)41.Let's hope our educators answer students'cries for career education,but at the same time let's ensure thatstudents are prepared for the day when they realize their short-sightedness.There is a lot more to life than job.42.The Olympics remains the most pure example of competition for the sake of competition itself.Athletes sacrifice their careers and bodies risking injury,defeat and complete failure to compete for nothing more than honor for their country and themselves.43.Once you turn on a new leaf,you can't expect to change completely right away.You are bound to fluctuate attimes.The key is to be satisfied with gradual improvement,expecting and accepting the occasional slips that come with any change.44.To be a healthy person physically and psychologically,one should lead a balanced life.Those little things---reading mystery novels,playing volleyball.Spending time with family and friends---may seem relatively insignificant means to a healthy end.But,they can be at least rewarding.45.Excluding someone because he or she has a disability that does not affect performance is equivalent to wrongs such as hiring based on race.Everyone deserves to have the opportunity to do a good job,and as a result have a sense of pride in being a part of society.Part IV Writing(15points)46.Directions:For this part,you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic We Need to Turn to Education for Prosperity.You should write at least150words and you should base your composition onthe outline(given in Chinese)below:1.教育的作用和意义。
中国社会科学院财经系金融学专业考博真题导师分数线内部资料
中国社会科学院财经系金融学专业考博真题导师分数线内部资料一、专业的设置、招生人数及考试科目院系(招生人数)专业(招生人数)研究方向导师考试科目404财经系(13)020204金融学(2)01国际金融与投资裴长洪①1001英语②2001经济学原理③3187金融学02金融理论与政策何德旭①1001英语②2001经济学原理③3187金融学03城市与房地产金融倪鹏飞①1001英语②2001经济学原理③3187金融学04金融经济学钟春平①1001英语②2001经济学原理③3187金融学二、导师介绍裴长洪：财贸经济系博士生导师。
1954年出生于福建省闽侯县。
现任中国社会科学院经济研究所所长、党委书记。
主要从事宏观经济、国际贸易等相关领域研究。
主要承担课题：2009年国家社科基金重大招标项目《完善我国境外投资政策体系研究》；2011年国家社科基金重大项目《社会主义基本经济制度研究》；2009年国家自然科学基金项目《金融危机防范与公司治理研究》；2010年广东省委、省政府委托课题《广东经验：跨越中等收入陷阱》。
论文《论我国利用外资进入新阶段》获2010年中国社会科学院第7届优秀科研成果三等奖；专著《后危机时代中国开放型经济》获2011年国家商务部优秀科研成果二等奖；担任第十六届中央政治局第22次集体学习讲解人；参加2011年《政府工作报告》起草工作；1996年获国务院特殊津贴；2005年入选中宣部“四个一批”人才工程。
1999年至2002年曾两次当选国际社会科学理事会执行委员并出席执委会；被俄罗斯科学院远东研究所授予名誉博士称号（2000年10月），2001年4月被俄罗斯自然科学院授予外籍院士称号；2001年7月被美国肯塔基州州长授予该州荣誉称号“肯塔基上校”。
何德旭，中国社会科学院研究生院财经系教授、博士生导师。
1962年9月出生于湖北省潜江市。
1998年毕业于陕西财经学院金融系，获得经济学博士学位。
现任中国社会科学院数量经济与技术经济研究所党委书记、副所长、研究员。
河北大学2007年博士研究生入学考试英语试卷
河北大学2007年博士研究生入学考试英语试卷Listening ComprehensionDirections:In this section,you will hear10short conversations.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause,you must read the four choices marked A,B,C and D,and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a line through the center.1.A)On the high way.B)At a managers’conference.C)In a supermarket.D)At a track meet.2.A)The woman should leave the television on.B)The woman should watch the program too.C)The program will be over soon.D)The watch is on the top of the television.3.A)He needs to sleep for three or four hours.B)He wants to buy a set of coffee cups.C)He will need more than one cup of coffee.D)He has been wide awake for some time.4.A)The woman rejected the man’s apology.B)The man had hurt the woman’s feelings.C)The man had forgotten the whole thing.D)The woman appreciated the man s offer.5.A)The man is seeing the woman off.B)They are discussing their plan for Christmas.C)The woman is meeting the man at the airport.D)They are complaining the poor airport service.6.A)She has no desire to teach.B)She will graduate after the man does.C)She likes all her teachers equally.D)She has no idea where graduation will be held.7.A)He needs another job as research assistant.B)He is doing research with Professor Williams.C)He asked Professor Williams for assistance.D)He assists Professor Williams with his teaching.8.A)The show was planned a long time ago.B)She thought there were no tickets left for the show.C)The audience were deeply impressed by the show.D)She thought the seats on the left side were fully occupied.9.A)Julie moved to a new address a week ago.B)Julie misses her family very much.C)They should pay Julie a visit.D)They should stop seeing Julie.10.A)In a school.B)In a barbershop.C)In a clothing store.D)In a bank.Part I Vocabulary and Structure(20points)I.Each of the following sentences has an underlined word or phrase.Below which sentence are four other words or phrases,marked A,B,C,and D.You are to choose the ONE word or phrase which,if substituted for the underlined word or phrase,would best keep the meaning of the original sentence.(10points)1.She was embarrassed by her friend's bad manners.A:ashamed because of B:endangered by C:amazed at D:challenged2.Archaeological discoveries strengthened the hypothesis that Troy existed.A.assumptionB.propositionC.idealD.concept3.The substance of an education is its effect on your life,and is not just the ability to pass the life.A:purport B:nature C:essence D.feature4.The people in the room were shocked by his blasphemous language.A:exaggerative B:offensive C:boastful D:thrilling5.He found the old house in complete desolation.A:distinction B:devastation C:disposition D:disillusion6.His remark are always succinct.A:witty B:brief C:instructive D:humorous7.I resent his hypocritical posing as a friend for he is interested only in his own advancement.A:selfish B:ugly C:deceptive D:frank.8.He manned to keep an earnest expression on his face even though he wanted to smile.A:a dramatic B:a neutral C:a serious D:an annoyed9.The merit of a sales tax is that it decreases government reliance on income taxes.A:imposition B:surplus C:virtue D:interaction10.Few disputes between neighbors can not be settled outside the courtroom.A:apologies B:bills C:anxieties D:argumentsII.For each of the following incomplete sentences there are four choices marked A,B,C,and D.You are to choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.(10points)k proteins______for their high nutritional content.A:valued B:is valued C:are valued D:are to be valued12.I insist on______this small present as a token of my appreciationA:you to accept B:your accepting C:you accepting D:you accept13.____a raining day,we gave up our plan to go for an outing.A:With it B:with C:Being D:It being14.______the conclusion of each theatrical production,the cast customarily reappears before the audience to take a bow.A:Out B:Before C:At D:In15.Some areas,______their severe weather conditions are sparsely populated.A:due to B:in spite of C:but for D:with regard to16.I enjoyed the movie very much.I wish I______the book from which it was made.A:have read B:had read C:should have read D:am reading17.There is no rule______has exceptions.A:but B:that C:which D:unless18.It was presumed that he was dead;then one day he______in Italy.A:turned on B:turned up C:turned round D:turned out19.The chemical composition of sandstone is the same as______.A:that of sand B:that sand is C:sand is that D:what of sand20.The phenomena______observed by astronomers throughout the world.Part II Reading Comprehension(15points)Directions:There are three passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Questions1to5are based on the following passage.One of the major problems of nuclear energy is the inability of scientists to discover a safe way to dispose of the radioactive wastes which occur throughout the nuclear process.Many of these wastes remain dangerously active for tens thousands of years,while others have a life span closer to a quarter of a million years.Various methods have been used to date,but all have revealed weaknesses,forcing scientists to continue their search.The nuclear process involves several stages,with the danger of radioactivity constantly present.Fuel for nuclear reactors comes from uranium ore,which,when mined,spontaneously produces radioactive substances as by-products.This characteristic of uranium ore went undetected for a long time,resulting in the deaths,due to cancer,of hundreds of uranium miners.The United States attempted to bury much of its radioactive waste material in containers made of steel covered in concrete and capable of holing a million gallons.For a long time it was believed that the nuclear waste problem had been solved,until some of these tanks leaked,allowing the radioactive wastes to seep into environment.Canada presently stores its nuclear waste in underwater tanks,with the long-term effects largely unknown.However,plans are under consideration for above-ground storage of spent fuel from reactors.These plans include the building of three vast concrete containers,which would be two stories high and approximately the length and width of two football fields.Other suggestions include enclosing the waste in glass blocks and storing them in underground caverns,or placing hot containers in the Antarctic region, where they would melt the ice,thereby sinking down about a mile.This idea has since been abandoned because of the possible adverse effect on the ice sheets.1.It is implied in the passage that the primary difficulty in seeking a safe way to dispose of nuclear waste in caused by______.A.the nuclear process involving the danger of radioactive at its every stageB.fuel for nuclear reactors producing dangerous wastesC.the weakness scientists have found in every previous methodsD.the nature of nuclear wastes together with their lengthy life span2.According to the passage,uranium ore is very dangerous because______.A.it produces radioactive substances after it is dug outB.it has caused deaths of many minersC.the mining of it produces dangerous by-productsD.there is a problem in mining techniques3.According to paragraph two,scientists failed to______.A.discover the characteristic of nuclear processB.discover the nature of uranium oreC.save the life of uranium minersD.store nuclear wastes in underwater tanks4.Hot containers of nuclear wastes to be put in Antarctic region would______.A.remain above ice sheetsB.be safe to environmentC.be highly probableD.remain under sea5.The best title for the passage might be___________.A.Scientific Approach to Dispose Of Nuclear WastesB.Process and It Nuclear Energy and Public SafetyC.Uranium Ore and Its CharacteristicD.Nuclear WastesQuestions6to10are based on the following passage.Professor Kline concludes that competition with research in the university is so detrimental(有害的)to teaching that he recommends that the two functions be physically and financially separated by setting up research institutes.I suggest that the development of a sound program of educational research would be much more beneficial to teaching.Such a program would not only improve teaching theory and technique,it would make clear what competencies are required of a good teacher and help professors attain cational research should be required to meet the same standards as scientific research,but it cannot be raised to those standards without comparable support and petent education research is no more a part-time activity than competent scientific research.The relatively trivial educational research so common in the universities is an inevitable consequence of trivial commitment by the universities.Rather than belittle such research,the professors have an obligation to see that it is upgraded.Let no one think that educational research is easy;it is concerned with no less than unraveling the complexities of the human mind.There is no reason to believe that an effective theory and technology of instruction is any easier to achieve than controlled nuclear fusion.It is certainly every bit as worthy.6.Professor Kline believes that competition with research in the universities______.A.leads to the establishment of separate research institutesB.should not be encouraged unless separate research institute is set upC.functions well in the universitiesD.is financially unsound7.The author wants to improve______.A.research institutesB.development programscational researchD.part-time activity8.The author believes that scientific research______.A.is not necessarily more difficult than educational researchB.has standards that educational research cannot attainC.is trivial compares to educational researchD.must be relegated to a part-time activity9.According to the author educational research______.A.is relatively easyB.is quite complexC.is often trivialD.should have lower standardscational research in most universities today_____.A.receives adequate supportB.is no longer a part-time activityC.is easy to achieveD.needs more commitmentQuestions11to15are based on the following passage.The characteristics of student-teacher relationships on American campuses vary somewhat,depending on whether the students involved are undergraduate or graduate students,and depending on the size and nature of the school.Graduate students typically have more intense relationships with their professors than undergraduates do;at smaller schools student-teacher relationship are typically even less formal than they are at larger schools.To say that student-teacher relationships are informal is not to say that there are no recognized status differences between the two groups.There are.But students may show their deference only in subtle ways, mainly in the vocabulary and tone of voice they use when speaking to teachers.Much of their behavior around teachers may seem disrespectful.American students will eat in class,read newspapers,and assume quite informal postures.Teachers might not enjoy such behavior,but they tolerate.Students,after all,are individuals who are entailed to decide for themselves how they are going to act.American teachers generally expect students to ask them questions or even challenge what they say.Teachers do not generally assume they know all there is to know about a subject.Nor do they that they invariably explain things clearly.Students who want clarification or additional information are expected to ask for it during the class,just after class ends,or in the teacher’s office at the times the teacher has announced(宣称)as“office hours.”Students who do not ask questions may be considered uninterested.While most teachers welcome students’questions and comments about the material being covered in the course,they do not welcome student efforts to negotiate for high grades.Teachers normally believe they have an acceptable system for determining grades,and,unless it seems possible that a mistake has been made, teachers respond very negatively to students who try to talk them into raising a grade.11.Why do teachers normally not welcome students to negotiate for higher grades?A.Because teachers don’t like to admit that they have made mistakes in marking.B.Because teachers normally believe they have an acceptable system for determining grades.C.Because they are afraid of students’protest against them.D.Because they hate students.12.The student-teacher relationships are informal in the US in the following ways except______.A.American students eat in classB.American students read newspapers in classC.American students assume quite informal postures in classD.American students don’t show respect to teachers13.Students who ask questions are considered__________.A.uninterestedB.troubledC.interestedD.intelligent14.What do you think of the main idea of the passage?A.The student—teacher relationship in U.S.B.American students’manners in school.C.Characteristics of American university teachers.D.American education system15.Which is right according to the passage?A.The student-teacher relationship is quite informal across the country.B.American teachers generally like students to challenge them.C.Graduate students seem quite disrespectful to their teachers.D.It is not easy for students to find their teachers.PART III Translation(10points)DIRECTIONS:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET.The idea of evolution was known to some of the Greek philosophers.By the time of Aristotle speculation had suggested that more perfect types had not only followed less perfect ones but actually had developed from them.But all this was guessing;no real evidence was forthcoming.When,in modern times,the idea of evolution was revived,it appeared in the writings of the philosophers—Bacon,Descartes,Leibniz and Kant.36)Spencer was preaching a fail evolutionary doctrine in the years just before Darwin’s book was published, while most naturalists would have none of it.Nevertheless a few biologists ran counter to the prevailing view, and pointed to such facts as the essential unity of structure in all warm-blooded animals.The first complete theory was that of Lamarck,who thought that modifications due to environment,if constant and lasting,would be inherited and produce a new type.37)Though no evidence for such inheritance was available,the theory gave a plausible hypothesis for naturalists to use.Many of the social and philanthropic efforts of the nineteenth century were framed on the tacit assumption that acquired improvements would be inherited.But the man whose book gave both Darwin and Wallace the clue was the Reverend Robert Malthus, sometime curate of Albury in Surrey.38)The English people were increasing rapidly,and Malthus argued that the human race tends to outrun its means of subsistence unless the redundant individuals are eliminated. This may not always be true,but Darwin writes:In October1838,I happened to read for amusement Malthus on Population,and being well prepared to appreciate the struggle for existence which everywhere goes on,from long continued observation of the habits of animals and plants.39)It at once struck me that,under these circumstances,favorable variations would tend to be preserved,and unfavorable ones to be destroyed.The result of this would be the formation of new species.Here then I had a theory by which to work.40)The hypothesis of natural selection may not be a complete explanation,but it led to a greater thing than itself—an acceptance of the theory of organic evolution,which the years have confirmed.Yet at first some naturalists joined the opposition.To the many,who were unable to judge the biological evidence,the effect of the theory of evolution seemed incredible as well as devastating,to run counter to common sense and to overwhelm all philosophic and religious landmarks.Even educated man,choosing between the Book of Genesis and the Origin of Species,proclaimed with Disraeli that he was“on the side of the Angels.”Part Four:Composition(15points)Directions:Write a short composition of about250to300words on the Allowing topic.What’s your opinion about the contribution of opportunity to success?。
2005年湖北省考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2005年湖北省考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Reading Comprehension 2. Structure and V ocabulary 3. Cloze 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. Chinese-English Translation 6. WritingReading ComprehensionToday, a high-level finance manager is just as likely to be a casual-looking 21-year-old as a balding executive. They have all either started their own companies or headed a division within an existing firm. Most are under 30. Many of them share a tendency to think, speak and act fast. A detailed psychological study carried out recently on young business start-uppers aged over 25 revealed some common characteristics. The head psychologist at the University of Northumbria, Dr.Martyn Dyer-Smith, says “We found that they are opportunists. They have that entrepreneurial ability to take whatever is in front of them and turn it to their advantage. Any fool can make US $ 2 if they are in the right place at the right time; what is much harder is to actually plan their business. Originally I had a hypothesis that they planned a long time ahead, but I was wrong. What I came across was a surprisingly short planning time. They took the opportunities when they came up.”What cannot be underestimated, though, is self-confidence. “There is an amazing, almost abnormal, belief in themselves and(they)go very much on intuition.”Says Dyer-Smith. While there is no typical pattern to what puts someone in the fast lane, there are some common threads: living up to the expectations of parents, channeling excessive amounts of energy into business, or finding a way to overcome personal barriers such as dyslexia(a reading disability)or learning difficulties, for example. The biggest surprise was the lack of young women. This was particularly unexpected, given the recent publicity about how girls are performing better than boys at school and becoming more confident and ambitious. But young women are opting for more secure careers rather than gambling with their future. With only a handful of female role models, some girls are not even considering being their own boss, let alone working on a concept fresh out of school, according to Dr. Susan Vinnicombe, director of the Center for the Development of Women Business Leader. “Women are going more into the corporate structure and doing well there. But perhaps the reason that they are not doing business for themselves at an earlier age is because women’s attitudes are different. They perceive risk in a different way to men, who are not worried about borrowing huge amounts of money if it’s going to help their business in the long term. Women are more cautious and more hesitant,” she says. Vinnicombe sees the lack of female entrepreneurs as part of a larger problem about women and the IT industry. Given that the computer world is one of the key areas for growth, where youth is an asset, it is “ remarkable” that so many women are missing out on it. “The number of women in IT has actually dropped in the past 10 years. There is a real problem with attracting them to the IT industry, as girls don’t seem to want to do it at university. It’s become such a worryingissue that I know the government is looking into ways to attract them.”1．What is the passage mainly about?A．Lack of young managers alt over the world.B．Features of high-level finance managers.C．Origins of the decline in female-dominated industry.D．Aims of a young woman fresh out of school.正确答案：B解析：纵观全文，本文除了写男性商人的特征外，还提出这些人中缺乏女性，这是最令人吃惊的，而且也是我们尤其不希望的事。