【首发】上海市2012届高三二模考试英语汇编完型填空题Word版含答案

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A325高考英语完型填空2012上海卷试题及答案

2012·上海卷Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.People on a college campus were more likely to give money to the March of Dimes if they were asked for a donation by a disabled woman in a wheelchair than if asked by a nondisabled woman. In another __50__，subway riders in New York saw a man carrying a stick stumble (绊脚) and fall to the floor. Sometimes the victim had a large red birthmark on his __51__ ; sometimes he did not. In this situation, the victim was more likely to __52__ aid if his face was spotless than if he had an unattractive birthmark. In __53__ these and other research findings，two themes are __54__ : we are more willing to help people we like for some reason and people we think __55__ assistance.In some situations, those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive aid. __56__ , in a field study researchers placed a completed application to graduate school in a telephone box at the airport. The application was ready to be __57__，but had apparently been “lost”. The photo attached to the application was sometimes that of a very __58__ person and sometimes that of a less attractive person. The measure of helping was whether the individual who found the envelope actually mailed it or not. Results showed that people were more likely to __59__ the application if the person in the photo was physically attractive.The degree of __60__ between the potential helper and the person in need is also important. For example, people are more likely to help a stranger who is from the same country rather than a foreigner. In one study, shoppers on a busy street in Scotland were more likely to help a person wearing a(n) __61__ Tshirt than a person wearing a Tshirt printed with offensive words.Whether a person receives help depends in part on the “worth” of the case. For example, shoppers in a supermarket were more likely to give someone __62__ to buy milk rather than to buy cookies, probably because milk is thought more essential for __63__ than cookies. Passengers on a New York subway were more likely to help a man who fell to the ground if he appeared to be __64__ rather than drunk.50. A. study B. way C. word D. college51. A. hand B. arm C. face D. back52. A. refuse B. beg C. lose D. receive53. A. challenging B. recording C. understanding D. publishing54. A. important B. possible C. amusing D. missing55. A. seek B. deserve C. obtain D. accept56. A. At first B. Above all C. In addition D. For example57. A. printed B. mailed C. rewritten D. signed58. A. talented B. good-looking C. helpful D. hardworking59. A. send in B. throw away C. fill out D. turn down60. A. similarity B. friendship C. cooperation D. contact61. A. expensive B. plain C. cheap D. strange62. A. time B. instructions C. money D. chances63. A. shoppers B. research C. children D. health64. A. talkative B. handsome C. calm D. sick2012·上海卷答案【要点综述】在什么情况下人们更容易得到帮助？研究表明：我们更愿意帮助我们喜欢的人和我们认为值得帮助的人；外表有吸引力比不太有吸引力的人更容易得到帮助；生病跌倒比喝醉跌倒更容易得到帮助等。

2012年上海市徐汇(松江,金山)区高三英语二模答案

2012年上海市徐汇（松江，金山）区高三英语二模答案第一卷2012.４I. Listening Comprehension (1-10小题每题1分，11-16小题每题2分)1-5 CDCAB 6-10 ABDCD 11-13 BDB 14-16 ACC17. 28 18. secretary 19. Italian 20. interview21. a detective story 22. got stuck 23. make（any）sense 24. security cameras说明：21题漏掉冠词得0分，22题时态不对得0分，24题没有复数得0分。

II. Grammar and Vocabulary (25-49小题每题1分)Section A 25-29 BDCBA 30-34 DDDAB 35-39 BDACD 40 CSection B 41. G 42. F 43. A 44. J 45. H 46. C 47. I 48. D 49. EIII. Reading Comprehension (50-64小题每题1分，65-75小题每题2分，,76-80小题每题1分)Section A 50-54 BABCD 55-59 CBCAC 60-64 DBDACSection B 65-68 BCDA 69-71 DBC 72-75 DCACSection C76. D 77. B 78. F 79. C 80. ESection D81. （How to）draw more enthusiastic participation and teach more effectively.82. conflicts of interest and doing business fairly83. Teaching employees, building product awareness and solving real world problems.84. engage mainstream Internet users with more timely, vital issues第二卷I.Translation1. The opening ceremony was put off because of the rain.2. He is likely to have left his key to the office in the library.3. It has been / is proved that parents' words and behaviors / what the pa rents say and do have a deep/great influence on their children.4. He often goes fishing in the park on/at weekends, turning a blind eye to the “No Fishing” sign.5. Experts suggest that elderly people should drink a little wine each day, because it can stimulate their appetite and (help) digestion, which is good for their health.2011学年第二学期徐汇区高三年级英语学科学习能力诊断卷听力文字I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. W: May I make a recommendation, sir? Our steak with this special sauce is very good.M: Thank you, but I’m a vegetarian.Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place?2. M: We’ve got two new members in our group: Mary and Jennie. Do you know them?W: Sure. Mary is the most talkative woman I’ve ever met. But Jennie’s just on the contrary.Q: What do we learn from the woman’s remark about Jennie?3. M: Can you stop by the post office and get me some envelopes?W: Well, I am not going to stop by the post office, but I can buy you some at the bookstore after I see the dentist.Q: Where will the woman go first?4. M: Please make an appointment for me to see Dr. Jones tomorrow morning.W: I’m sorry, sir, but the doctor is on vacation in California until Sunday.Q: What is the doctor doing now?5. W: Now one more question if you don’t mind, what position in the company appeals to you most?M: Well, I’d like the position of sales manager if it is still vacant.Q: What do we learn about the man?6. W: Good morning. I’m calling to inquire about the two-bedroom house you advertised in the newspaper.M: I’m sorry. It is already sold.Q: What are they talking about?7. W: This train schedule has got me confused. I can’t figure out which one I should take!M: Why don’t you just go to the ticket window and ask?Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?8. M: I think you’d better find another partner. I don’t think I’m improving.W: Look, Paul. Nobody expects you to be a superstar. It is too early to quit.Q: What does the woman mean?9. W: Wow, I do like the c ampus, all the big trees, the green lawns, and the old buildings. It’s really beautiful.M: It sure is. The architecture of these buildings is in the Greek style.Q: What are the speakers talking about?10. W: I’m so sorry, sir. I’ll pay to have your suit cleaned.M: Never mind. It could happen to anyone. And I’m sure that coffee doesn’t leave lasting marks on clothing.Q: What can we infer from the conversation?Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.At 7.10 a.m. I arrived at Waterloo station by taxi. It took me just 30 minutes from home. I bought the papers and walked to the platform. After having a cup of coffee, I got on and found my seat.I looked out of the window. Although we were moving at 340 kilometres an hour, the journey was smooth and relatively quiet. Soon we left London behind. The part where we travelled under the English Channel took just 22 minutes. Soon I was looking at the fields and farmhouses in the South of France. The sun was shining. I closed my eyes and went to sleep.I arrived on time! I picked up my suitcase and followed the Exit signs. It was great not to have to wait ages for my luggage or to worry about getting a bus or taxi to the city centre. It was 2.20 in the afternoon and I was just in time for a late lunch! My ticket cost £65.80, and I gave the journey 8/10 for comfort and 9/10 for convenience. （Now listen again）Questions:11. What is the destination of this trip?12.What did the speaker do on the train?13.What did the speaker think of the journey?Questions 14 through 16are based on the following passage.The faces of elderly, happily-married people sometimes resemble each other. Dr. Aiken studied a number of couples who had been married for at least 25 years. Each couple provided four photographs——one photo of each partner at the time of the marriage and another photo of each partner twenty five or more years later. All background was cut from the photos to remove any clues. The photos were put together and displayed in two groups: one at the time of their marriage and the other which were taken years later. Some judges were asked to pick out the partners. They failed totally with the first group. But with the photos taken twenty-five or more years after the marriage, the judges were quite successful at deciding who was married to whom.Dr. Aiken believes there are several reasons why couples grow alike. One reason has something to do with imitation. One person tends to copy or do the same as someone else without knowing it. Another possible reason is the common experience of the couples. There is a tendency for people who have the same life experience to change their faces in similar ways. （Now listen again）Questions:14. What were the judges asked to do according to the passage?15. What conclusion can we draw from passage?16. What is the main purpose of the passage?Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.W: Good morning, I’m calling about the job that was in the paper last night.M: Well, could you tell me your name?W: Angela Foreset.M: Could you tell me a little about yourself?W: Yes. I’m 28. I’ve been working abroad.M: Where exactly have you been working?W: In Geneva.M: Oh, Geneva. And what were you doing there?W: Secretarial work.M: I see, and how do you see yourself developing in this job?W: Well, I’m ambitious. I do hope that my career as a secretary will lead me eventually into management.M: I see. You have foreign languages?W: French and Italian.M: Well, I think the best thing for you to do now is to write an application letter to us first and then we can arrange for an interview.W: OK. Thank you.（Now listen again）Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.M: I am so relieved I just finished the story I was working on.W: I haven't quite finished mine yet. I had trouble getting pass the beginning.M: How come?W: Well, I was really happy to be writing a detective story. But after the first few pages, I just couldn't write any more.M: The same thing happened to me.W: Well, Prof Wilson said it's pretty common for writers to get stuck like that.M: You went to talk to her about it?W: Actually, I went to ask for more time to finish the assignment. But instead she gave me some advice. She said that the first thing I should do is just write anything that comes into my head even if it doesn't make any sense.M: That is interesting. When I got stuck, I shift to something else, you know, do some work for my other courses.W: Well, her methods seem have worked for me. I've written most of the story, and I should be able to hand it in on time. But first I need go to the jewelry store.M: You are going shopping? Can't you wait until you finish your story?W: I am going there for my story. My detective solves a jewelry store robbery. So I want to take a look at how the jewelry cases are arranged, where the security cameras are located, that sort of thing.（Now listen again）Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.。

2012届上海市高三二模英语试卷——十选九

2012届上海市高三二模英语试卷——十选九（崇明）41 naturalists are born and not made. Although we were all brought up in the same way, my brothers and sisters soon 42 their pressed flowers and insects. Unlike them, I had no 43 for music and languages. I was not an early reader and I could not do mental arithmetic.Before World War I, we spent our summer holidays in Hungary. I have only the 44 memory of the house we lived in, of my room and my toys. Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins who gathered next door. But I do have a clear memory of the dogs, the farm animals, the local birds, and above all, the insects.I am a naturalist, not a scientist. I have a strong love for the natural world and my enthusiasm had led me into various investigations. I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil reading about other people's observations and discoveries. Then something happens —that brings these observations together in my 45 mind. Suddenly you fancy you see the answer to the 46 , because it all seems to fit together. This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers and books, which some might honor with the 47 of scientific research.But curiosity, a keen eye, a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist: one of the outstanding and essential qualities 48 is self-discipline, a quality I lack. A scientist, up to point, can be made. A naturalist is 49 . If you can combine the two, you get the best of both worlds.41. J 42. D 43. B 44. E 45. F 46. G 47. H 48. A 49. I（奉贤）Money is the root of all evil–and new study claims there may be some truth behind the saying. Scientists at the University of California, Berkeley, US, 41 on February 27 that rich people are more likely to do 42 things, such as lie or cheat, than poorer people.The scientists did a series of eight experiments. They 43 their findings online in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).They carried out the first two experiments from the sidewalk near Berkeley. They noted that drivers of newer and more expensive cars were more likely to cut off other cars and pedestrians at crosswalks. Nearly 45 percent of people driving expensive cars 44 a pedestrian compared with only 30 percent of people driving more 45 cars.In another experiment, a group of college students was asked if they would do unethical(不道德的) things in various everyday situations and 46 included taking printer paper from work and not telling a salesperson when he or she gave back more 47 . Students from higher-class families were more likely to act dishonestly.According to the scientists, rich people often think money can get them out of trouble. This makes them less afraid to take risks. It also means they care less about other people’s feelings.Finally, it 48 makes them greedier. ―Higher wealth status seems to make you want evenmore, and that increased want leads you to bend the rules or break the rules to serve your self-interest,‖ said Paul Piff, lead scientist of the study.Piff pointed out that the findings don’t mean that all rich people are untrustworthy or all poor people honest. He said the experiments were to show how people living in different social situations express their 49 and values in different ways.41—45 JCEAD 46—49 FHIG（虹口）The net plays another, more active, role on the linguistic（语言学的）front, a role that is 41overlooked by many people who believe English victory is on the go. Since the advent (来临) of World Wide Web, many minority 42，those spoken by single nations or ethnic groups, have enjoyed a dramatic upsurge(急剧上升)in vitality. Many such tongues were 43 endangered just a decade ago. Late-century mobility and economic currents were taking more and more speakers out of their communities and away from fellow speakers. Languages were 44 at an alarming rate.Like biological extinction, linguistic extinction is a serious loss for all of humankind. Languages are some of the 45ways people maintain their culture and are crucial to understanding other cultures. When fewer and fewer people share a 46language, it may die, and when it does, part of our collective human culture dies with it．Surprisingly, though, the Internet has become a valuable tool for 47 endangered languages. Speakers of these languages not only have been particularly active in putting up web pages in their various languages, but also in mounting(配置) 48effective, large-scale dictionary and language-learning projects online. There is no reason why minority languages cannot live together with a common social language like English. Indeed, the Internet offers more hope for their 49 than they have ever known before, especially as translation tools become more effective.41-49: IDAJE CGHF（黄浦、嘉定）Like many other young people, Lin Chi-ying (Vicky) and Chiang Chiu-ping (Pinky) dreamed of traveling the world. What makes them special is that they actually did it; what’s more, they did it on bicycles.At 18, Vicky read the famous Cycling Diary of Hu Rong-hua and was __41__ to take a bike tour of southern China by herself. In 1991, while riding along the island’s east coast, she met a Japanese __42__, who invited her to join him on a world cycling tour.In July 1998, they began their trip in Alaska. Vicky soon realized, however, that their travel philosophies were quite different. Her partner seemed intent on testing his endurance, while shepreferred __43__ the fantastic scenery and meeting the locals. They parted after a month. Vicky cycled alone through the Rocky Mountains down to the western United States. By this time, her __44__ efforts to persuade her college friend, Pinky, to join her had succeeded.Once, in California, Vicky and Pinky were unable to find any cheap __45__, so they camped in a park. They were woken up by __46__ police officers, who told them camping there was illegal. In cities, they would __47__ through colleges and libraries, ―in need of air-conditioning,‖ Pinky joked.Vicky and Pinky praise friends back in China who supported them __48__, as well as people who assisted them along the way. They have fond __49__ of the wonderful friendliness of the people in a Turkish village, where Vicky and Pinky farmed, cooked, and danced with the locals. 41—45 HFCEB 46—49 DJGI（静安、杨浦、宝山、青浦）A. pursuingB. conditionsC. protectD. remoteE. debateF. illegalG. contestedH. aimingI. seriesJ. decidedORGAN PIPE CACTUS NATIONAL MONUMENT, Ariz. ——On a hot desert morning last week, a group of 20 tourists gathered in the visitor center in Arizona’s Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument to attend a mandatory safety briefing (简报会) before taking a guarded van tour to Quitobaquito Springs. The Springs is part of the 69 percent of the __41__border park west of Tucson that has been closed to the public since Kris Eggle was shot and killed while __42__drug runners armed with AK-47s in 2002.Organ Pipe was named ―the most dangerous national park‖ that year and also in 2003 by the U.S. Park Rangers Lodge of the Fraternal Order of Police, before the group discontinued the__43__. The sharp increase of drug activity on Arizona’s southern border si nce the 1990s has turned Organ Pipe rangers into Border Patrol agents, and encouraged state lawmakers to pass several laws cracking down on (严厉打击) __44__immigrants within the state.Since 2009, the park has offered van tours to the Springs, as long as rangers armed with rifles go along to __45__the visitors. Now, ten years after Eggle’s murder, the park’s leadership has __46__to open up a portion of the closed areas to the public in March, citing improved safety __47__and a big increase in Border Patrol agents in the area.In the run-up to Tuesday's Republican presidential primary in Arizona, immigration has once again been a hotly __48__topic in the state: Mitt Romney in a __49__last week praised Arizona’s immigration laws as a ―model‖ for the country, while President Obama’s Justice Department is appealing Arizona to turn over one of those laws, called SB1070.41—49 DAIFC JBGE（闵行）Historically, the traditional role of women of all classes in Britain had been confined (限制) to that of mother in the home. Single and childless women 41 had an uncomfortable anddifficult time. The majority of women had no voting or political rights until 1928, and for centuries wives and their property had been the legal 42 of their husbands. Formal education for women was thought to be unnecessary for their role in life, and was 43for the majority.The female position in society became a little better in some respects towards the end of the nineteenth century, but was still very 44 . However, elementary education for all was established and a few institutions of higher education began to 45 women in restricted numbers.Since the 1960’s, women in Britain have been fighting for greater equality with men in job 46 and rates of pay. Various laws from the 1970’s to the present have been made. In spite of all these, men remain better paid than women in many occupations, 47 in industry. Women constitute (构成) nearly half the national workforce, there are more employed married women in Britain than in any other European Community country, and some 60 percent of wives are now 48 compared with 22 percent in 1951. But their average weekly wage is still only 70 percent of the average paid to men. This is true of both the manufacturing trades and the service industries. As a result, the majority of female workers are badly paid and often 49 by the trade unions or the law.41. I 42. B 43. H 44. G 45. E 46. J 47. D 48. A 49. CMore recent research has shown that many kinds of amphibians(两栖动物) are declining or have become extinct. Amphibians are animals, such as frogs, that live partly in water and partly on land. And they have been around for over 350 million years. They have 41 three mass extinctions, including the extinction of the dinosaurs. Why are they dying out now?The most serious aspect of amphibian loss, however, goes beyond the amphibians themselves. Scientists are beginning to think about what amphibian 42 means for the planet as a whole. If the earth is becoming unlivable for amphibians, is it also becoming unlivable for other kinds of animals and human beings as well?Scientists now believe that amphibian decline is due to several environmental factors. One of these factors is the 43 of habitat, the natural area where an animal lives. Amphibians are very 44 to changes in their habitat. If they cannot find the right conditions, they will not lay their eggs. These days, as wild areas are covered with houses, roads, farms, or factories, many kinds of amphibians are no longer laying eggs.There are a number of other factors in amphibian decline. Pollution is one of them. In many industrial areas, air pollution has 45 the rain, which then falls on ponds and kills the frogs that live there. In farming areas, the heavy use of 46 on crops has also killed off amphibians. Another factor is that air pollution has led to 47 levels of ultraviolet （UV）light. This endangers amphibians, which seem to be 48 sensitive to UV light.All these reasons for the disappearance of amphibians are also good reasons for more general 49 . These factors affect human beings, too.41--49. CHBJA FDEGdust from outer space.Earth changes between ice ages and warm periods in a(n) __41__ that includes several cycles, including a __42__ one that lasts 100,000 years. Scientists __43__suggested this cycle might be due to changes in the inflow of cosmic(宇宙) dust.The idea is that Earth __44__above and below the imaginary planet that runs through the sun and Jupiter(木星), completing a cycle every 100,000 years. So maybe it encounters __45__varying amounts of dust during each cycle that produce the climate trend.Now there is some __46__, from ancient cosmic dust recovered in ocean-floor drilling near the Azores islands west of Portugal. The large quantity of the dust rises and falls with a wonderful 100,000 year cycle during the period analyzed, 253,000 years to 458,000 years ago. Periods of more dust are related to__47__ climates.But that is a long way from showing that the dust __48__ climate. Some scientists argue that it is not clear how cosmic dust would make the climate warmer while dust from volcanoes is known to make it cooler. They say the cosmic dust is so thin that it is hard to see how it could have any climate__49__.Nevertheless, the new study shows scientists have to take the cosmic dust idea seriously.41--49 CHAEG JFBI(徐汇)A.occurredB. extendedC. tragedyD. finedE. ignoreF. concernsG. suspensionH. inevitablyI. illegalJ. must-haveThe launch of Apple's iPhone 4s tempted thousands of buyers to its two outlets in Beijing on the cold winter night of Jan 12th. But the size of the crowds brought a sudden __(41)__ of sales of the iPhone 4s on the morning of Jan 13th and one store in Beijing didn't open at all, because the growing crowd of eager Apple followers created safety __(42)__.This is not the first time Apple's marketing strategy(策略) has caused such trouble among the buying public, for similar trouble __(43)__ in January last year when the first release launch of the iPhone 4 was made.Apple's clever marketing has made the company's products __(44)__ lifestyle accessories(附件) for many, but this strategy will __(45)__ result in mass rushes and disturbances and if it continues with this marketing strategy, it is only a matter of time before one of its product launches ends in __(46)__.Intentionally fuelling demand by limiting a product release to create a state of panic among consumers, who fear they may not get their hands on their objects of desire, is not only immoral but also__(47)__.Apple should take the lessons from the experience of Unilever(联合利华). The giant consumer goods company was __(48)__ 2 million yuan in May 2011 by the Chinese government for repeatedly spreading rumors (谣言) of price rises.Apple has the ability to make it easier for consumers to order new products online or by telephone. Apple cannot afford to __(49)__ the Chinese market, so it has no excuse for not changing its strategy so as to avoid such incidents in the future.Section B 41. G 42. F 43. A 44. J 45. H 46. C 47. I 48. D 49. E（杨浦1.5）according to an Australian study published in an academic journal.The study of 3,000 adolescents aged 11 to 18 found that those who had poor diets filled with junk and 41 foods were more likely to suffer mental health problems such as depression and 42 .The participants filled in questionnaires about their diets and psychological symptoms in 2005 and again in 2007. The study found that teenagers who ate healthy diets had fewer mental health problems than those with poor diets.The study also found that improvements in diet quality were 43 by improvements in mental health, while worsening diet quality was 44 with poorer psychological 45 .Jacka said the finding suggested it could be possible to stop some mental health problems46 in adolescents by ensuring they ate healthy diets."Having good nutrition-rich foods is really important for adolescents because it's a time when they are growing rapidly and it's essential they have 47 nutrition," Jacka said.Studies show one in five Australian adolescents has some forms of mental health problems, caused by genes and 48 factors such as stressful events in early childhood.Jacka said parents could protect children against mental health problems by eating two serves of fruit and five serves of vegetables a day, as well as 49 to wholegrain food and lean meats while avoiding junk food.Vocabulary 41-49 DIAGEFBHC（闸北）until one day she filled out a simple form online. Before she knew it, she 41 her secret to beating the recession(不景气), and being able to 42 for her family while at home with her two children.I read Natasha's blog last month and decided to 43 her story in our local business report. In our phone interview, she told me her 44 story. "I actually make about $5,000-$7,000 a month using the internet. It is enough to comfortably replace my old income, especially 45 I only work about 10-15 hours a week from home."Working online has been a financial windfall for Natasha, who struggled for months to find a decent business during the 46 economy, ―I lost my job shortly after the recession hit, Ineeded reliable 47 , I was not interested in the 'get rich quick' scams you see all over the internet. Those are all pyramid scams or stuff where you have to sell to your friends and family. I just needed a legitimate way to earn a living for me and my family. The best part of working ___48___ is that I am always home with the kids, I save a lot of money.‖I asked her about how she started her remarkable 49 . "It's really simple, I am not a computer whiz, but I can use the internet. I just use the tools given to me, I don't even have to sell anything and nobody has to buy anything. They are constantly recruiting people, you should try it."41. E 42.B 43. A 44. I 45. G 46. H 47.J 48. D 49. C（长宁）From the golden-tipped fields of mid-west America to the ancient kingdoms of green Palestine, there is a happy truth to be shared with all who would pay attention. In more recent times, this truth has been expressed as: April showers bring May flowers. This is a truth that ____41____ light bursting from darkness, strength born from weakness and if one dares to believe, life ____42____from death.Farmers all over the world know the importance of the seasons. They know that there is a season to plant and a season to harvest. Everything must be in its own time. Although the rain pours down without stop, ___43___all outdoor activities, the man of the field lifts his face to the heavens and smiles. Despite the ___44___, he knows that the rain provides the nourishment his crops need to grow and flourish. The showers in April give rise to the glorious flowers in May.But this ancient truth ___45___ to more than the crops of the fields. It is a(n) ___46___ message of hope to all who experience ___47___ in life. A dashed relationship with one can open up the door to a brand new friendship with another. A lost job here can provide the ___48___ for a better job there. A broken dream can become the foundation of a wonderful future. Everything has its place.Remember this: overwhelming darkness may ___49___ for a night, but it will never overcome all the radiant light of the morning. When you are in a season of sorrow, hang in there, because a season of joy may be just around the corner.41-49 HJBICEAFD。

2012年上海虹口区高考英语二模试题及答案

2012年上海虹口区高考英语二模试题及答案I. Listening ComprehensionSection A1. A. The man is forgetful.B. She wants to buy this washing-machine.C. This is the first time that the man has talked about the new kind of machine.D. The man indicated that he liked this new type of washing-machine.2. A. In the cinema. B. In the lab.C. In the zoo.D. In the school.3. A. She will be upset probably.B. She is pleased with their move.C. She feels a little disappointed.D. Moving to the south is better than moving to the north.4. A. Where the orange juice could be found.B. How to make fresh orange juice.C. To pass a small glass of orange juice to him.D. If the woman would like to have some orange juice.5. A. To quit basketball.B. To give the reason for giving up basketball.C. To go on playing basketball in spite of the failure.D. To take part in another game.6. A. He’s a chairman. B. He’s a doctor.C. He’s a professor.D. He’s a carpenter.7. A. Shop assistant and customer. B. Neighbors.C. Doctor and patient.D. Colleagues.8. A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. More than three.9. A. He did not do homework at night. B. He had trained too much before.C. He had no sports facilities.D. He came back home late.10. A. 482-3351. B. 428-5531. C. 428-1135. D. 482-5531. Section BQuestions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. About one kilogram. B. About fifty kilograms.C. More than fifty kilograms.D. As many as fifty kilograms.12. A. 2,000 years a go. B. In 1100. C. In 1500. D. In 1900.13. A. They are so poor that they can only buy paper boots.B. There are no other kinds of boots there.C. Paper boots are warmer than any other boots there.D. Paper boots are so nice that they don’t like anything else.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. In the San Francisco area. B. On the island of Nimi.C. In the Pacific Ocean.D. Along the US coast.15. A. The earthquake was serious.B. New earthquakes are not expected.C. An island was destroyed by the earthquake.D. The earthquake was mild.16. A. They will be in high intensity.B. They will occur along the coast.C. Earthquakes of unknown intensity will occur there.D. They are predicated 100 miles away.Section CBlanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection A25. Girls are said to be more diligent and attentive at school, who score well ______ average in most subjects.A. overB. onC. ofD. above26. Harry never enjoys visiting large cities because he thinks one such city is much like ______.A. anotherB. the otherC. the othersD. others27. Tony is a quiet boy and he is accustomed ______ at meals, which is always appreciated.A. not to talkB. to not talkC. to not talkingD. not to talking28. -- Do you think Jack will lend us a hand?-- He is the last one to help others. He ______ lend his hand, though．A. canB. mustC. mightD. should29. Mike and Bob both did very well in the competition, but the former is ______ of the two.A. more talentedB. the most talentedC. most talentedD. the more talented30. He must have been punished by his parents yesterday for what he had done, ______?A. mustn’t heB. wasn’t heC. di dn’t heD. hadn’t he31. Among those presents ______ an iPad that his father gave him for his birthday.A. have includedB. is includedC. has includedD. are included32. ______ wondering which way to take, the little boy behaved like a real gentleman who comforted his sister from time to time.A. LeavingB. Having leftC. To leaveD. Left33. Shanghainow increases the supply of smaller houses, ______ to help low–income families to buy houses of their own.A. aimedB. being aimedC. aimingD. having aimed34. Tropical rainforests ______ down and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.A. are being cutB. are cutC. cutD. had been cut35.you can’t make great progress in the language learning has something to do with your vocabulary.A. WhetherB. ThatC. IfD. What36. You are sure to be successful in the job market ______ you make yourself better known to the interviewer.A. even ifB. thoughC. untilD. once37. Jimmy came back early last night. It was not yet eight o’clock ______ he got home.A. beforeB. thatC. whenD. until38. Many skilled workers were organized to clear away ______ remained of the World Expo site.A. whatB. whenC. whichD. where39. The old man took the policemen back to the same place ______ he had witnessed the robbery.A. thatB. whereC. asD. when40. People hope the new measures ______ house prices, taken by the government, will succeed.A. to controlB. controlledC. controllingD. having controlledSection B“True creativity often starts where language ends.”----Arthur KoestlerThe net plays another, more active, role on the linguistic（语言学的）front, a role that is41overlooked by many people who believe English victory is on the go. Since the advent (来临) of World Wide Web, many minority 42，those spoken by single nations or ethnic groups, have enjoyed a dramatic upsurge(急剧上升)in vitality. Many such tongues were 43 endangered just a decade ago. Late-century mobility and economic currents were taking more and more speakers out of their communities and away from fellow speakers. Languages were 44 at an alarming rate.Like biological extinction, linguistic extinction is a serious loss for all of humankind. Languages are some of the 45 ways people maintain their culture and are crucial to understanding other cultures. When fewer and fewer people share a 46 language, it may die, and when it does, part of our collective human culture dies with it．Surprisingly, though, the Internet has become a valuable tool for 47 endangered languages. Speakers of these languages not only have been particularly active in putting up web pages in their various languages, but also in mounting (配置) 48 effective, large-scale dictionary and language-learning projects online. There is no reason why minority languages cannot live together with a common social language like English. Indeed, the Internet offers more hope for their 49than they have ever known before, especially as translation tools become more effective.III. Reading ComprehensionSection AThe past 20 years have produced great advances in technology and communications. 50, people throughout the world have become ever more connected. The 51link between the nations and people of the world is called globalization. It is a 52that has changed ways oflife around the world.Perhaps the biggest change in this process is the effect of globalization on commerce. In an effort to build a 53economy, most nations of the world have embraced (拥抱) free trade. Free trade removes certain limits imposed (强加) on global commerce to make it easier for nations to exchange goods with one another. A 54aim of this process is to aid poor nations and thus reduce 55. Globalization has indeed increased trade throughout the world, but experts disagree about its effect on the poor.The debate about recent trends in global commerce is complex. Those 56free trade in the global market point out that competition lowers prices. Its critics argue that, without controls, such a system often harms poor nations. To some extent, both are 57. For example, in Jamaica, a country which imported milk from the United States and the 58milk was cheaper than local milk, more poor people could drink milk and improve their nutrition. At the same time, the cheaper milk put 59dairy farmers out of business. Perhaps this program caused as much harm as 60.Those who support free trade in the global market do so for a number of reasons. Studies show that when a poor nation begins trading on the global level, it gains certain61. Its economy grows rapidly. Multinational companies set up factories, 62jobs for people. Supporters claim that these factors reduce poverty and lessen the gap between the richest and poorest nations. They believe that the globalizing trend benefits the poor.Critics of unrestricted free trade question these conclusions. Although they 63that the global market can offer growth and jobs to poor nations, they doubt that it reduces poverty. In fact, they cite (引述) studies which show that poverty has increased as a result of the global market.64, the gap between rich and poor nations is growing.Regardless of which side they are on, most experts believe that globalization has great potential to aid the poor. Both sides need to find a way to make it work.50. A. In conclusion B. In particular C. As a result D. On the contrary51. A. growing B. starting C. moving D. reducing52. A. culture B. trend C. belief D. potential53. A. regional B. national C. practical D. global54. A. steadier B. further C. tougher D. stricter55. A. profit B. conflict C. poverty D. expense56. A. attracting B. altering C. opposing D. supporting57. A. correct B. inevitable C. necessary D. effective58. A. required B. produced C. imported D. exported59. A. economical B. local C. traditional D. social60. A. sacrifice B. satisfaction C. convenience D. good61. A. benefits B. varieties C. opportunities D. budgets62. A. influencing B. arranging C. providing D. applying63. A. ensure B. assume C. argue D. agree64. A. In addition B. First of all C. In that case D. On averageSection B(A)Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day. “I was a clothes addict,” he jokes. “I used to carry a fresh suit to work wi th me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled.” Today David wears casual clothes --- khaki pants and sports shirt --- to the office. He hardly ever wears a necktie. “I’m working harder than ever,” David says, “and I need to feel comfortable.”More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work in the United States. The change from formal to casual office wear has been gradual. In the early 1990s, many companies allowed their employees to wear casual clothes on Friday (but only on Friday). This became known as “dress-down Friday” or “casual Friday”. “What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees h as really become an everyday thing.” said business consultant Maisly Jones.Why have so many companies started allowing their employees to wear casual clothes? One reason is that it’s easier for a company to attract new employees if it has a casual dress code. “A lot of young people don’t want to dress up for work,” says the owner of a software company, “so it’s hard to hire people if you have a conservative (保守的) dress code.” Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes. In a study conducted by Levi Strauss and Company, 85 percent of employers say that they believe that casual dress improves employee morale (士气). Only 4 percent of employers say that casual dress has a negative impact on productivity. Supporters of casual office wear also argue that a casual dress code helps them save money. “Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day,” one person said. “For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more casual clothes.”65. David Smith refers to himself as having been “a clothes addict,” because ______.A. he often wore khaki pants and a sports shirtB. he couldn’t stand a clean appearanceC. he wanted his clothes to look neat all the timeD. he didn’t want to spend much m oney on clothes66. David Smith wears casual clothes now, because ______.A. they make him feel at ease when workingB. he cannot afford to buy expensive clothesC. he looks attractive in casual clothesD. he no longer works in that company67. According to this passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Company workers started to dress down at work about twenty years ago.B. Dress-down has become an everyday phenomenon since the early 1990s.C. “Dress-down Friday” was first given as a favor from employers.D. Many workers want to wear casual clothes to attract people.68. In this passage, the following advantages of casual office wear are mentioned in the passage except ______.A. saving employees’ moneyB. making employees more attractiveC. improving employees’ motivationD. making employees happier (B)The prestigious(享有声望的)Nobel prizes were announced in twin ceremonies in Stockholm and Oslo. Here is a look at this year’s winners and tr work.69. We can know from the passage that ______.A. The Time of the Hero was widely acceptedB.Mario Vargas Llosa only has a gift for novelsC. Mario Vargas Llosa ran for president of PeruD. The Time of the Hero was based on some officers’ experiences70. The technology of test-tube baby _______.A. is a breakthrough in medicine but now out-datedB. helps Robert Edwardswin the Nobel Prize in physiologyC. has led to 4 million babies’ coming into the worldD. is linked to human egg removal and fertilizationin a human body71. We can conclude from the passage that ______.A. the 2010 Nobel Chemistry Prize winners bring benefits to all aspects of lifeB. palladium-catalyzed reactions are widely used in drugs for fighting diseasesC. The two Russian scientists have published their book Detectors of Carbon’s New FaceD. the amazing discovery of grapheme has been known to all for a long time(C)There are a couple of ways to forecast the destructive potential of a hurricane (飓风) so that people in the way can take adequate precautions (预防措施). Satellite images of cloud patternscan be analyzed to estimate peak wind speeds, but the estimates are often way off the mark. Specialized aircraft can fly into a storm to measure the winds directly, but the flights are costly.Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology come up with a third way: listening to a storm underwater.In a paper to be published in Geophysical Research Letters, Nicholas C. Makris and a former graduate student, Joshua D. Wilson, report a strong connection between the intensity (强度) of sound recorded by an undersea microphone in the mid-Atlantic and the wind power of a hurricane that passed over it. They say that such microphones, known as hydrophones, could be a safe and relatively inexpensive means of estimating hurricane force.Dr. Makris and Dr. Wilson, who are now with Applied Physical Sciences Corporation, worked out the theory of underwater acoustic (声音的) monitoring of storms in a 2005 paper. “To be very frank with you, it’s a mystery what makes storms noisy underwater.” Dr. Makris said. The most popular idea currently is that it has something to do with oscillating air bubbles (气泡振动).The researchers then went looking for experimental data to back their theory, and found it from a hydrophone placed at a depth of 2,500 feet by the National Atmospheric and Oceanic Administration. It happened that Hurricane Gert passed over the area in September 1999, and a hurricane-hunter plane directly measured the wind speed at the same time. The hydrophone data showed sound intensity rising when the storm’s outside wind “wall” passed over, and again when the inside wall, the most destructive part of the storm near the eye, passed over. “We got a beautiful connection,” Dr. Makris said, “between the hydrophone data and the actual wind speeds a s measured by the aircraft.”Dr. Makris is conducting additional experiments, working with the Mexican Navy off th e west coast of Mexico. The eventual goal, he said, would be permanent hydrophones in known hurricane zones or temporary ones that could be easily laid by plane or ship in the path of a coming storm.72. Compared with the traditional methods, the new way of measuring is_____.A. more expensiveB. more directC. less dangerousD. less accurate73. Which statement is WRONG according to the article?A. The scientists gained support from different fields.B. Dr. Makris and Dr. Wilson have figured out what makes storms noisy underwater.C. The scientists have found the relationship between the changes of sound intensity and the force of the hurricane.D. There are several ways for people to forecast the force of the coming hurricane.74. Why is Dr. Makris now making other experiments with the help of the Mexican Navy off the west coast of Mexico?A. To place permanent hydrophones in some zones.B. To collect more images of cloud patterns.C. To be secure in carrying out their experiments.D. To get more information from the hurricane-hunter planes.75. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Waysto Stop the Destructive Force of a HurricaneB. Connection between the Intensity of Sound and the Wind Power of a HurricaneC. Hydrophones, Safe but Expensive Means of Estimating Hurricane ForceD. Measuring a Hurricane by Sound UnderwaterSection C76.__________Today, the Internet is in a few cars; tomorrow, broadband (宽带) will be in all of them. Any capability a personal computer has, a car will have, including two–way wireless communications for receiving e–mail, music, and movies. When you’re crossing the lonely place, the kids can watch TV if they’re bored. Every passenger will have a video feed.77.__________Every car will have a self–driving system linked to GPS satellites. Radar sensors (传感器) will track nearby cars. On the freeway, they’ll slow your car when the car ahead of you slows; in town, they’ll help you park without hitting other cars. At rush hour, you’ll get the routes around traffic jams and accidents. The self–driving system in a car makes it possible for the car to drive itself, though some scientists say that’s 30 to 40 years off.78.__________Motor vehicles today represent 20 to 30 percent of the world’s energy use. In the near future, a small gasoline engine and an electric motor will be brought together. Drivers will use electricity in a storage battery for short distances. Longer term, cars might burn hydrogen or use a fuel cell that converts a fuel like hydrogen and combines it with oxygen to create power. Then the waste will be pure water.79.__________You’ll use the voice control: “Make it a bit cooler” or “find me country music”. Lighter, more reliable electronic controls replace mechanical controls. Fiber optics (光纤) replace electrical wires and light bulbs. Seats will be air–conditioned. The car will travel with one side higher than the other when turning, just as an airplane does now.80.__________Cars will avoid some accidents by maintaining safe following distances, and by sensing sleepy or drunk drivers. Air bags will adapt for every passenger according to their size, weight, and position in case accidents happen.Section DFrom bankers to factory staff, employees in the west face the bleak prospect (暗淡的前景) of losing their jobs as a global recession (衰退) starts to bite. For colleagues in the East the pain is more likely to come through a pay cut.Human resource experts say cultural differences explain why Asian firms try harder to keep jobs in difficult times, which will stop unemployment and may help keep Asian economies afloat at a time of slowing exports.The East Asian attitude may also make it easier for firms to recover quickly from the economic downturn since they will not need to rehire or train new staff, leaving some experts predicting Western shift to Eastern flexibility.“In the Confucian (儒家的) attitude, the right thing to do is to share the burden. There is the sense of collective responsibility whereas (然而) in the West, it’s more about the individual survival,” said Michael Benotlel, associated professor of organizational behavior at Sing apore Management University.Steven Pang, Asian Regional Director for Aquent, a headhunting firm, said in many East Asian companies there was a responsibility “ to take care of the members of the family and go through the pain together” even if that meant causing losses.US firms from General Motors to Goldman Sachs plan to lay off workers by the thousand. But at the Asian units of Western multinationals, job cuts will probably be less severe.Japan’s jobless rate was 4 percent in September, up from 3.8 per cent in January, while Hong Kong’s was flat at 3.4 percent. But US unemployment is expected to have jumped to 6.3 percent last month from below 5 percent in January.Experts say that while there are noticeable differences in labor practices in East and West, the gap will narrow as more firms become more multinational and competition forces firms to adopt the best practices of rivals (对手) from abroad.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS)81. What caused the different practices of Asian and Western firms facing the global recession?82. Why is it easier for the East Asian firms to recover quickly from the economic downturn?83. Firms in the west would lay off workers when facing a bleak prospect because of ______.84. ______ will make the differences in East and West less noticeable.第II卷I. Translation1、她的责任心值得称道。

12年上海市各区英语二模答案

徐汇区I. Listening Comprehension (1-10小题每题1分，11-16小题每题2分)1-5 CDCAB 6-10 ABDCD 11-13 BDB 14-16 ACC17. 28 18. secretary 19. Italian 20. interview[来源:学科21. a detective story 22. got stuck 23. make（any）sense 24. security cameras说明：21题漏掉冠词得0分，22题时态不对得0分，24题没有复数得0分。

II. Grammar and Vocabulary (25-49小题每题1分)Section A 25-29 BDCBA 30-34 DDDAB 35-39 BDACD 40 CSection B 41. G 42. F 43. A 44. J 45. H 46. C 47. I 48. D 49. EIII. Reading Comprehension (50-64小题每题1分，65-75小题每题2分，,76-80小题每题1分)Section A 50-54 BABCD 55-59 CBCAC 60-64 DBDACSection B 65-68 BCDA 69-71 DBC 72-75 DCACSection C 76. D 77. B 78. F 79. C 80. ESection D81. （How to）draw more enthusiastic participation and teach more effectively.82. conflicts of interest and doing business fairly83. Teaching employees, building product awareness and solving real world problems.84. engage mainstream Internet users with more timely, vital issues第二卷I. Translation1. The opening ceremony was put off because of the rain.2. He is likely to have left his key to the office in the library.3. It has been / is proved that parents' words and behaviors / what the parents say and do have a deep/great influence on their children.4. He often goes fishing in the p ark on/at weekends, turning a blind eye to the “No Fishing” sign.5. Experts suggest that elderly people should drink a little wine each day, because it can stimulate their appetite and (help) digestion, which is good for their health.浦东新区2012年高考预测高三英语试卷参考答案(附听力文字稿)I. Listening Comprehension1--10. ABDCA ACCDA 11--13. CDA 14--16. BCD17. extend 18. 2305 19. booked 20. check21. Labor Day (celebrations) 22. New Zealand23. 3 days 24 on the InternetII. Grammar and Vocabulary25--40. CCDCA DCBBD BCCDB D 41--49. CHBJA FDEGIII. Reading Comprehension50--64. ACBDB ACBDA BCDBA65--68. CACB 69-71. DBD 72--15. DBCA 76--80. DBCFE81. By using tunnel fans to circulate air82. 150 million83. cutting pollution, saving money and energy, and make the neighbors happy84. The benefits of planting trees around poultry farmsI. Translation1. Jim answered his teacher’s question(s) without (any) hesitation.Jim answered the question(s) asked by his teacher with no hesitation.2. It’s (really/ absolutely/ fairly) essential for young people to learn to be responsible for what they do/ are doing/ have done.It’s (really/ absolutely/ fairly) essential that young people (should) learn to be responsible for what they do/ are doing/ have done.3. So demanding/ tough/ challenging/ is the job that few people are qualified for/ equal to it.4. While online shopping is convenient, the security/ safety of personal information can’t be ignored/ neglected/ overlooked.While it is conven ient to shop/ do shopping online, we can’t ignore/ neglect/ overlook the security/ safety of our personal information.5. Students (will/ may) benefit a lot from/ by studying abroad, but they are likely to face/be faced with a series of challenges that they will never meet (with) before.Studying abroad/ Going abroad for further studies benefits/ (will/ may) benefit students a lot, but they are likely to face/be faced with a series of challenges which are greater than ever (before). Students (will/ may) benefit a lot from/ by studying abroad, but it is likely that they will face/be faced with a series of challenges that they will never meet (with) before.杨浦区Listening 17. Reasonable 18. discount 19. access 20. equally21. Light brown 22. less attractive/ boring 23. cause cancer24. contain chemicalsGrammar 25-40 C D C C C B C A C A A C B C A CV ocabulary 41-49 D I A G E F B H CCloze 50-64 C A D A B D C D A B C A A D BReading 65-68 BDCB69-71 ACB72-75 B C D A76-80 DBFAC81. phobia82. avoid the object of his fear83. Upsetting experiences earlier in life and inherited memory.84. progressive exposureTranslation1. We are looking forward to receiving your proposals.2. His great scientific discovery astonished the world.3. The increasingly tense doctor-patient relationship remains to be solved.4. Is the saying that we should devote our limited life to the unlimited work of serving people out of date?5. The tourist industry won’t grow if the restaurant owners regard tourists as fish to be hooked rather than as guests to be welcomed.虹口区2012年英语学科高考练习题参考答案1-5: ACCDC 6-10: DACDD11-13: CBC 14-16: CDC17. Network 18. operating 19. manage 20. experience21. 9 22. save the environment 23. a litter bin 24. recycle paper25-40: DACCD BBDCA BDCABA41-49: IDAJE CGHF50-64: CABDB CDACB DACDA65-68: CACB69-71: CCB72-75: CBAD76-80：ECABD阅读简答：81. The cultural differences between the East and the West.82. Because they needn’t rehire or train new staff. / Because they won’t / don’t need to rehire or train new staff.83. the individual survival.84. More firms becoming more multinational and competition翻译：1. Her sense of duty / responsibility is worthy of being praised / praise / to be praised.2. It’s well known (to all) that every citizen’s rights o f life and health are protected by the law.3. Having / Taking up one or two hobbies is very valuable to people’s mental and physical health.4. More and more countries in the world are now taking measures to attract more Chinese tourists.5. The economy of China increases / is increasing by about 8 / eight % / percent every year, which shocks many countries that are suffering from economic crisis in the world.黄浦区2012年高考模拟考英语试卷参考答案第I卷1—5 A DCBD 6—10 BDBAB 11—13 CDA 14—16 DCB17. tiring 18. 15 19. outdoor 20. tips21. stomachache 22. biscuits and sweets23. half an hour 24. take some/the tablets/medicine25—29 CBCCB 30—34 DAABD 35—40 ADBCAD 41—45 HFCEB 46—49 DJGI50—54 BDDCC 55—59 ADBAA 60—64 CABBC65—68 DBCD 69—71 AAC 72—75 BCDA76—80 BAECF81. Every culture has its own body language.82. sex, social class and personal style83. plays a more(most) important role in communication84. The same body language / gesture has different meanings. /The same body language / gesture can be given several interpretations.第II卷I. Translation1. The heavy snow prevented the students (from) going to school.2. It’s never too late to learn how to make good / full use of (your / the) time.3. (At last,) I managed to buy the computer I’d been looking forward to /I’d been dream ing of for a long time at a reasonable price.4. He spent too much time on some unimportant/less important things, which led to thefailure of the whole plan./ He wasted too much time dealing with some unimportant/less important things, which resulted in the failure of the whole plan.5. If you really want to solve this problem, you have to take immediate action to deal withit before the situation/ it gets worse.上海市四区（杨浦、青浦、宝山、静安）2012年高考二模试题参考答案：Listening1—10 CCADD DCBAB 11—13 BAD 14—16 BDC17. energetic/ healthier 18. friends 19. swimming 20. 5/Five21. late for class 22. delivers milk 23. a scholarship 24. Very well/ExcellentlyGrammar:25—29 CADAB 30—34 ACDBD 35—40 CADBA C41—49 DAIFC JBGE50—54 BDACC 55—59 ADBCD 60—64 BADBCReading:65—67 CDB 68—71 DBCC 72—75 ACDA 76—80 DBEFC81. The sharp drops in the populations of amphibians from over 25 countries82. It kills off delicate amphibian embryos.83. absorbing/ blocking the (harmful) ultraviolet radiation84. Human interference, increased ultraviolet radiation and new infectious diseases Translation:1. Hearing the news/When we heard the news that we would have a holiday, we were all excited.2. Jeremy Lin, an American Chinese who graduated / a graduate from Harvard University, created a miracle in the history of the NBA.3. Although/Though we have taken a lot of measures to ensure food safety, there are still many problems to be solved.4. As the College Entrance Examination is drawing near/approaching/coming, more and more students begin to concern about the universities and majors they want to choose.5. It is said that the reason why new users of microblog must use real names when they are registering is to protect web users’ interests and improve credibility of Internet.2011学年奉贤区调研测试高三英语试卷（2012,04 ）I. Listening1—5 CABBD 6—10 CCDBA 11—13 CBA 14—16 BCC17. Thursday 18. medicine 19. pleasure 20. knowledge21. (very) impressive 23. a high reputation 22. Sales manager 24. paid vacationII. Grammar and vocabulary25—29 CDCCB 30—34 CBADB 35—39 CDCBD 40 B41—45 JCEAD 46—49 FHIGIII. Reading50—54 BDCDB 55—59 CAADB 60—64 ADDBB65—68 DBDB 69—71 ACD 72—75 DBCA76—80 FECBD81. Culture shock’s effects on people.82. Emotional “roller coaster” and fatigue83. mental fatigue84. fitting some past regular routine into the new cultureTranslation:1. Do you mind / Would you mind turning on the computer for me?2. The closing ceremony of London Olympics / Olympic games will take place on August 12th this year.3. With the advanced science and technology available, (Because the advanced science and technology is available,) the police all over the world/ in different countries can catch/ find out criminals/ bring the criminals to justice faster and more easily.4. Although we are busy (in) doing our work, / with our work, we should set aside some time every day to do/ take(physical) exercise to/ and relax ourselves.5. A newly-released/ newly-reveled survey shows/ suggests/ indicates that the biggest attraction of the Internet is that it keeps/ makes net citizens（netizens）/ people who surf the Internet informed of the world events.崇明县1. C2. A3. B4. B5. A6. A7. D8. D9. C 10. B 11. C 12. B 13. A 14. B 15. C 16. B17. Thatcher 18. 5:00 19. 8.59 20. Friday21. rent an apartment 22. a bus line 23. next month 24. central air conditioning 听力17—24题评分标准：1. 17-24题，每小题1分。

2012年上海高考英语二模翻译试题及答案

2012年上海高考英语二模翻译试题及答案崇明二模1. 请完成作业后再和你的朋友聊天。

(before)Please finish your homework before you chat with your friend.2. 除非马上采取有效措施，否则这个地区的人们将面临灾难。

(face) People in this area will be faced with a disaster unless effective measures are taken at once.3. 没日没夜地工作对他的健康消耗很大，因此不久他就病倒了。

(drain)Working day and night was a great drain on his heath, so he fell ill soon.4. 虽然他每天到公园里锻炼身体，但却对昨天那里发生的事情一无所知。

(ignorant)Although he takes exercise in the park every day, he is completely ignorant of what happened there yesterday.5. 得知自己被那所梦寐以求的大学录取时，她是如此激动以至于彻夜未眠。

(So…that…)So excited was she that she failed to fall asleep the whole night when she learned she had been admitted to the university she had been dreaming of for a long time.奉贤二模1. 你能帮我开一下电脑吗？(mind)Do you mind turning on the computer for me?2. 伦敦奥运会的闭幕式将于今年的八月十二日举行。

(take place) The closing ceremony of London Olympics will take place on August 12th this year.3. 有了先进的科技，世界各国的警方可以更快更方便地抓获罪犯。

【首发】上海市2012届高三二模考试英语汇编阅读C篇Word版含答案

2012届上海市高三二模英语试卷——C篇(崇明)(C)Lots of bacteria can grow in the seemingly unfriendly environment under glaciers(冰川), a region formerly considered free of much biology. This finding by glaciologists working in Switzerland could help solve some puzzles of the last ice age and point the way for finding life on other planets.Bacteria with odd lifestyles have been under increasing study lately, with most research focused on the species which prefer hot homes. The new study shifts attention to the other end of the thermometer(温度计). The exciting thing is the idea of pushing the window of acceptable bacterial environments a little bit farther open.Researchers have previously collected small numbers of bacteria from ice in Antarctica and Greenland, but they could not determine whether these were active bacteria or just frozen cells blown in by wind. In contrast, the earth beneath two Swiss glaciers harbors large colonies of bacteria—hundreds of millions of cells per gram—that appear to be growing at 0℃.Scientists followed upon these findings by taking samples of ice, water, and earth at two mountain glaciers. They found that earth beneath the glaciers contained much larger populations of bacteria than did surface and inner part of ice. Those findings indicate that the bacteria were growing at the bottom of the glacier and are not something washed in while the scientists drilled through the ice.Looking at the bacteria under a microscope(显微镜), the researchers found that many were in the process of dividing, and healthy under the ice. The bacteria might break down minerals and plant remains originally buried beneath the glacier or later washed in by water going slowly through the ice, scientists say.“Some of the assumptions we have made in the past now must be seriously questioned,” say researchers. “If bacteria can live under glaciers on Earth, why not on other planets? The new study points out in many ways that the bottoms of glaciers are probably quite good environments from the point of view of bacteria. So, maybe the bottom of the ice sheets on other planets would be a sensible place to try if you’re going to look for life on them.”72. What is special about the new study on bacteria?A. It focuses on the bacteria in hot environments.B. It opens the windows of the bacterial labs wider.C. It pays more attention to the bacteria in the thermometer.D. It changes scientists’ view about the environment bacteria exist in.73. Which of the following facts proves that bacteria under glaciers are alive?A. Water is going slowly through the ice.B. The drills used by scientists are free of bacteria.C. Many of the bacteria are in the process of dividing.D. The earth beneath the glacier contains more bacteria.74. From the passage we can learn that ________.A. bacteria disappear in the inner part of iceB. bacteria must be also alive on other planetsC. bacteria can grow in extreme weathersD. bacteria grow by breaking themselves down75. The passage is mainly about the possibility of the existence of life _________.A. under the seaB. in hot waterC. on other planetsD. under glaciersC篇D CCD(奉贤)(C)The gift of being able to describe a face accurately is a rare one, as every experienced police officer knows to his cost. As the Lancet put it recently, “When we try to describe faces precisely,words fail us, and we resort to identikit (拼脸型图) procedures.”Yet, according to one authority on the subject, we can each probably recognize more than 1,000 faces, the majority of which differ in fine details. This, when one comes to think of it, is a tremendous feat, though, curiously enough, relatively little attention has been devoted to the fundamental problems of how and why we acquire this gift for recognizing and remembering faces. Is it an inborn property of our brains, or an acquired one? As so often happens, the experts tend to differ.Th us, some argue that it is inborn, and that there are “special characteristics about the brain’s ability to distinguish faces”. In support of this, they note how much better we are at recognizing a face after a single encounter than we are, for example, in recognizing an individual horse. On the other hand, there are those, and they are probably in the majority, who claim that the gift is an acquired one.The arguments in favor of this latter view, it must be confessed, are impressive. It is a habit that is acquired soon after birth. Watch, for instance, how a quite young baby recognizes his mother by sight. Granted that his other senses help – the sound, his sense of smell, the distinctive way she handles him. But of all these, sight is predominant. Formed at the very beginning of life, the ability to recognize faces quickly becomes an established habit, and one that is, essential for daily living, if not necessarily for survival. How essential and valuable it is we probably do not appreciate until we encounter people who have been deprived of the faculty.This unfortunate inability to recognize familiar faces is known to all, but such people can often recognize individuals by their voices, their walking manners or their spectacles. With typical human ingenuity, many of these unfortunate people overcome their handicap by recognizing other characteristic features.72. It is stated in the passage that ______.A. it is unusual for a person to be able to identify a face satisfactorilyB. the ability to recognize faces unhesitatingly is an unusual giftC. quite a few people can visualize faces they have seenD. few people can give exact details of the appearance of a face73. What the author feels strange about is that _______.A. people have the tremendous ability to recognize more than 1,000 facesB. people don’t think much of the problem of how and why we acquire the ability to recognizeand remember facesC. people don’t realize how essential and valuable it is for them to have the ability to recognizefacesD. people have been arguing much over the way people recognize and remember faces74. What is the first suggested explanation of the origin of the ability?A. It is one of the characteristics peculiar to human beings.B. It is acquired soon after birth.C. It is something we can do from the very moment we are born.D. It is learned from our environment and experiences.75. This passage seems to emphasize that ______.A. the ability to recognize individuals is dependent on other senses as well as sightB. sight is indispensable (必需的) to recognizing individualsC. the ability to recognize faces is a special inborn ability of the brainD. the importance of the ability of recognizing faces is fully appreciated by people.72—75 DBCA(虹口)(C)There are a couple of ways to forecast the destructive potential of a hurricane (飓风) so that people in the way can take adequate precautions (预防措施). Satellite images of cloud patterns can be analyzed to estimate peak wind speeds, but the estimates are often way off the mark. Specialized aircraft can fly into a storm to measure the winds directly, but the flights are costly.Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology come up with a third way: listening to a storm underwater.In a paper to be published in Geophysical Research Letters, Nicholas C. Makris and a former graduate student, Joshua D. Wilson, report a strong connection between the intensity(强度) of sound recorded by an undersea microphone in the mid-Atlantic and the wind power of a hurricane that passed over it. They say that such microphones, known as hydrophones, could be a safe and relatively inexpensive means of estimating hurricane force.Dr. Makris and Dr. Wilson, who are now with Applied Physical Sciences Corporation, worked out the theory of underwater acoustic (声音的) monitoring of storms in a 2005 paper. “To be very frank with you, it’s a mystery what makes storms noisy underwater.”Dr. Makris said. The most popular idea currently is that it has something to do with oscillating air bubbles (气泡振动).The researchers then went looking for experimental data to back their theory, and found it from a hydrophone placed at a depth of 2,500 feet by the National Atmospheric and Oceanic Administration. It happened that Hurricane Gert passed over the area in September 1999, and a hurricane-hunter plane directly measured the wind speed at the same time. The hydrophone data showed sound intensity risi ng when the storm’s outside wind “wall” passed over, and again when the inside wall, the most destructive part of the storm near the eye, passed over. “We got a beautiful connection,” Dr. Makris said, “between the hydrophone data and the actual wind speeds as measured by the aircraft.”Dr. Makris is conducting additional experiments, working with the Mexican Navy off the west coast of Mexico. The eventual goal, he said, would be permanent hydrophones in known hurricane zones or temporary ones that could be easily laid by plane or ship in the path of a coming storm.72. Compared with the traditional methods, the new way of measuring is_____.A. more expensiveB. more directC. less dangerousD. less accurate73. Which statement is WRONG according to the article?A. The scientists gained support from different fields.B. Dr. Makris and Dr. Wilson have figured out what makes storms noisy underwater.C. The scientists have found the relationship between the changes of sound intensity and theforce of the hurricane.D. There are several ways for people to forecast the force of the coming hurricane.74. Why is Dr. Makris now making other experiments with the help of the Mexican Navy off thewest coast of Mexico?A. To place permanent hydrophones in some zones.B. To collect more images of cloud patterns.C. To be secure in carrying out their experiments.D. To get more information from the hurricane-hunter planes.75. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Ways to Stop the Destructive Force of a HurricaneB. Connection between the Intensity of Sound and the Wind Power of a HurricaneC. Hydrophones, Safe but Expensive Means of Estimating Hurricane ForceD. Measuring a Hurricane by Sound Underwater72-75: CBAD（黄浦、嘉定）(C)The coast of the State of Maine is one of the most irregular in the world. A straight line running from the southernmost coastal city to the northernmost coastal city would measure about 225 miles. If you followed the coastline between these points, you would travel more than ten times as far. This irregularity is the result of what is called a drowned coastline. The term comes from the glacial（冰川的）activity of the Ice Age. At that time, the whole area that is now Maine was part of a mountain range that towered above the sea. As the glacier descended, however, it applied enormous force on those mountains, and they sank into the sea.As the mountains sank, ocean water charged over the lowest parts of the remaining land. And the highest parts of the former mountain range, nearest the shore, remained as islands. Marine fossils found here are 225 feet above sea level indicating the level of the shoreline prior to the glacier.The 2,500-mile-long rocky and jagged coastline of Maine keeps watch over nearly 2,000 islands. Many of these islands are tiny and uninhabited, but many are home to blooming communities. Mt. Desert Island is one of the largest, most beautiful of the Maine coast islands left behind by the glacier. Measuring 16 miles by 12 miles, Mt. Desert was very nearly formed as two distinct islands. It is split almost in half by Somes Sound, a very deep and very narrow stretch of water seven miles long.For years, Mt. Desert Island, particularly its major settlement, Bar Harbor, has afforded summer homes for the wealthy. Recently, though, Bar Harbor has become a new arts community as well. But the best part of the island is the unspoiled forest land known as Acadia National Park. Since the island sits on the border between two different geographical zones, the park supports the plants and animals of both zones. It also lies in a major bird migration lane and is a resting spot for many birds.The establishment of Acadia National park in 1916 means that this natural monument will be preserved and that it will be available to all people, not just the wealthy. Visitors to Acadia may receive nature instruction from the park naturalists as well as enjoy camping, hiking, cycling, andboating. Or they may choose to spend time at the museum learning about the Stone Age inhabitants of the island.72．The large number of small islands along the coast of Maine is the result of __________.A. the drowning of the Maine coastlineB. glacier’s forcing mountains into the seaC. the irregularity of the Maine coastlineD. ocean water’s flooding the mountain range73．From the passage, we learn that __________.A. the coastline of Maine is ten times longer after the Ice AgeB. there are more than 2500 islands along the Maine coastlineC. Mt. Desert Island has been broken apart by a 7-mile-long water stretchD. an arts community gave way to the summer homes on Mt. Desert Island74．What CANNOT be inferred about the Acadia Nation Park?A. It welcomes all the people, rich or poor.B. It has much appeal for bird-watching lovers.C. It offers visitors both entertainment and education.D. It is a border between the two geographical zones.75．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. The past and the present of MaineB. The formation of Maine coastlineC. Efforts for preserving national parksD. Tourist attractions on Mt. Desert Island72—75 BCDA（静安、杨浦、宝山、青浦）(C)Being less than perfectly well-dressed in a business setting can result in a feeling of great discomfort that may well require treatment to eliminate. And the sad truth is that “clothing mismatches” on the job can ruin the day of the person who is wearing the inappropriate attire(着装)—and the people with whom he or she comes in contact.Offices vary when it comes to dress codes. Some businesses have very high standards for their employees and set strict guidelines for office attire, while others maintain a more relaxed attitude. However, it is always important to remember that no matter what your company’s attitude is regarding what you wear, you are working in a business environment and you should dress properly. Certain items may be more appropriate for evening wear than for a business meeting, just as shorts and a T-shirt are better suited for the beach than for an office environment. Your attire should reflect both your environment and your position. A senior vice president has a different image to maintain than that of a secretary or sales assistant. Like it or not, you will be judged by your personal appearance.This is never more apparent than on “dress-down days”, when what you wear can say more about you than any business suit ever could. In fact, people will pay more attention to what you wear on dress-down days than on “business professional” days. Thus, when dressing in “business casual” clothes, try to put some good taste into your wardrobe choices, recognize that the “real”definition of business casual is to dress just one notch(等级) down from what you would normallywear of business-professional attire days.Remember, there are borders between your career and our social life. You should dress one way for play and another way when you mean business. Always ask yourself where you are going and how other people will be dressed when you get there. Is the final destination the opera, the beach, or the office? Dress properly and you will discover the truth in the principle that clothes make the man—and the woman. When in doubt, always misjudge on the side of dressing slightly more traditionally than the situation demands.72. What is the passage mainly about?A. How to dress properly in a business setting.B. A president of a company should dress differently from a secretary or sales assistant.C. The differences between professional and casual dress.D. Improper dress will make a person feel uncomfortable.73. Which of the following statements is true?A. Every company has strict rules regarding office dress.B. You can wear whatever you like if your company doesn’t have high standards for dressing.C. You should dress according to the business setting even when there are no fixed rules.D. In companies with relaxed rules on office dress, you can’t spot a manager among others.74. Which statement best describes “dress-down days”?A. On dress-down days, you can wear whatever you like.B. People’s clothes on dress-down days don’t receive much attention.C. We can’t judge a person’s taste by his clothes on dress-down days.D. People are usually more careful about what they wear on dress-down days than on otheroccasions.75. Which of the following is NOT the rule offered in the passage with regard to business dress?A. Remember to ask others for advice when you are not sure about what to dress.B. Think about how other guests will wear if you are invited to a dinner.C. For a business meeting and a concert, you should dress differently.D. Dress a bit traditionally if you are not sure about proper dress for a certain occasion.72—75 ACDA（闵行）(C)According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social group in the United States. In the family traditional cultural patterns confer (授予) leadership on one or both of the parents. In other cases, such as friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually emerge as leaders, although there is no formal process of selection. In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment.Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce consistent evidence that there is any category of "natural leaders." It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common; rather, virtuallyany person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group.Furthermore, although it is commonly supposed that social groups have a single leader, research suggests that there are typically two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to “get things done.”Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-beings of a social group’s members. Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them. Group members expect expressive leaders to maintain stable relationships within the group and provide support to individual members.Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give orders and may discipline group members who prohibit attainment (达到) of the group’s goals. Expressive leaders cultivate a more personal or primary relationship to others in the group. They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties or is subjected to discipline, are quick to lighten a serious moment with humor, and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group. As the difference in these two roles suggests, expressive leaders generally receive more personal affection from group members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting group goals, may enjoy a more distant respect.72. Which of the following statements about leadership can be inferred from paragraph 2?A. Few people succeed in sharing a leadership role with another person.B. A person who is an effective leader of a particular group may not be an effective leader inanother group.C. A person can best learn how to be an effective leader by studying research on leadership.D. Most people desire to be leaders but can produce little evidence of their qualifications.73. The passage indicates that instrumental leaders generally focus on ________.A. ensuring harmonious relationshipsB. sharing responsibility with group membersC. achieving a goalD. identifying new leaders74. A “secondary relationship” between a leader and the members of a group could best bedescribed as “________”.A. distantB. enthusiasticC. sympatheticD. personal75. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. The problems faced by leaders.B. How leadership differs in small and large groups.C. How social groups determine who will lead them.D. The role of leaders in social groups.72. B 73. C 74. A 75. D(浦东)（C）Longer Lives for Wild ElephantsMost people think of zoos as safe places for animals, where struggles such as difficulty finding food and avoiding predators don't exist. Without such problems, animals in zoos should live to a ripe old age.But that may not be true for the largest land animals on Earth. Scientists have known that elephants in zoos often suffer from poor health. They develop diseases, joint problems and behavior changes. Sometimes, they even become unable to have babies.To learn more about how captivity(监禁) affects elephants, a team of international scientists compared the life spans of female elephants born in zoos with female elephants living outdoors in their native lands. Zoos keep detailed records of all the animals in their care, documenting factors such as birth dates, illnesses, weight and death. These records made it possible for the researchers to analyze 40 years of data on 800 African and Asian elephants in zoos across Europe. The scientists compared the life spans of the zoo-born elephants with the life spans of thousands of female wild elephants in Africa and Asian elephants that work in logging camps(伐木场), over approximately the same time period.The team found that female African elephants born in zoos lived an average of 16.9 years. Their wild counterparts who died of natural causes lived an average of 56 years——more than three times as long. Female Asian elephants followed a similar pattern. In zoos, they lived 18.9 years, while those in the logging camps lived 41.7 years.Scientists don't yet know why wild elephants seem to live so much better than their zoo-raised counterparts. Georgia Mason, a biologist at the University of Guelph in Canada who led the study, thinks stress and obesity(肥胖) may be to blame. Zoo elephants don't get the same kind of exercise they would in the wild, and most are very fat. Elephant social lives are also much different in zoos than in the wild, where they live in large herds and family groups.Another finding from the study showed that Asian elephants born in zoos were more likely to die early than Asian elephants captured in the wild and brought to zoos. Mason suggests stress in the mothers in zoos might cause them to have babies that are less likely to survive.The study raises some questions about acquiring more elephants to keep in zoos. While some threatened and endangered species living in zoos reproduce successfully and maintain healthy populations, that doesn't appear to be the case with elephants.72. According to the first two paragraphs, unlike other zoo animals, zoo elephants _______ .A. have difficulty eating food.B. 1ive to a ripe old age.C. are not afraid of predators.D. develop health problems.73. Which of the following about the international scientists' research on the life spans of elephants is NOT true? (See paragraph 3)?A. They compared zoo elephants with wild elephants.B. They kept detailed records of all the elephants in their care.C. They analyzed the records of the elephants kept in zoos.D. The zoo-born elephants they studied are kept in European zoos.74. What do the scientists find in their research?A. Female elephants live longer than male elephants.B. Female zoo elephants live longer than their wild counterparts.C. Female zoo elephants die much earlier than their wild counterparts.D. Elephants in zoos and those in the wild enjoy the same long life spans.75. Which of the following does the author suggest in the last paragraph?A. It may not be a wise policy to keep elephants in the zoo.B. Elephants are no longer an endangered species.C. Zoo-born elephants should be looked after more carefully.D. Zoos should keep more animals except elephants.72--75. DBCA（普陀）(C)The French word renaissance means rebirth. It was first used in 1855 by the historian Jules Michelet in his History of France, then adopted by historians of culture, by art historians, and eventually by music historians, all of whom applied it to European culture during the 150 years spanning 1450-1600. The concept of rebirth was appropriate to this period of European history because of the renewed interest in ancient Greek and Roman culture that began in Italy and then spread throughout Europe. Scholars and artists of this period wanted to restore the learning and ideals of the classical civilizations of Greece and Rome. To these scholars this meant a return to human. Fulfillment in life became a desirable goal, and expressing the entire range of human em otions and enjoying the pleasures of the senses were no longer “frowned on”. Artists and writers now turned to religious subject matter and sought to make their works understandable and appealing.These changes in outlook deeply affected the musical culture of the Renaissance period—how people thought about music as well as the way music was composed and experienced. They could see the architectural monuments, sculptures, plays, and poems that were being rediscovered, but they could not actually hear ancient music —although they could read the writings of classical philosophers, poets, essayists, and music theorists that were becoming available in translation. They learned about the power of ancient music to move the listener and wondered why modern music did not have the same effect. For example, the influential religious leader Bernardino Cirillo expressed disappointment with the learned music of his time. He urged musicians to follow the example of the sculptors, painters, architects, and scholars who had rediscovered ancient art and literature.The musical Renaissance in Europe was more a general cultural movement and state of mind than a specific set of musical techniques. Furthermore, music changed so rapidly during this century and a half —though at different rates in different countries—that we cannot define a single Renaissance style.72. The phrase "frowned on" in Para.1 is closest in meaning to ________.A. given upB. forgotten aboutC. argued aboutD. disapproved of73. It can be inferred from the passage that thinkers of the Renaissance were seeking a rebirth of_______.A. communication among artists across EuropeB. Green and Roman architecture and sculpturesC. a cultural emphasis on human valuesD. religious themes in art that were more abstract74. According to the passage, why was Bemardino Cirillo disappointed with the music of his time?A. It was not complex enough to appeal to musicians.B. It had little emotional impact on the audiences.C. It was too dependent on the art and literature of his time.D. It did not contain enough religious themes.75. Which of the following is mentioned in the passage as a reason for the absence of a singleRenaissance musical style?A. The musical Renaissance was defined by technique rather than style.B. The musical Renaissance was too short to give rise to a new musical style.C. Renaissance musicians adopted the styles of both Greek and Roman musicians.D. During the Renaissance, music never remained the same for very long.72-75DCBD（徐汇、金山）(C)People are looking for ways to reduce their carbon footprint. Purchasing property that is environmentally responsible is a good investment for those who are concerned about their own health and the well-being of the earth. Based on this trend, entire districts, known as eco-communities, are being designed with a green focus in mind. Dockside Green in Victoria, British Columbia is one of them.If everything goes according to plan, Dockside Green will be a self sufficient community along the harbour front of British Columbia's capital city. The community will be home to 2500 people and will consist of residential, office, and retail space. Builders of Dockside Green have the environment in mind with every choice they make. They ensure proper ventilation（通风）, and guarantee residents 100% fresh indoor air. Building materials, such as paints and wood, are natural and non-poisonous. Eco-conscious builders use bamboo wherever possible because it grows fast and does not require pesticides（杀虫剂）to grow.Energy efficiency is one of the top concerns in eco-communities, such as Dockside Green. Not only do energy efficient appliances and light fixtures（照明设备）reduce the environmental impact of heating and hot water, they also save residents and business owners money. Dockside Green claims that home owners will use 55% less energy than average residents in Canada. Residents will have individual water metres as studies show that people use around 20% less energy when they are billed for exactly what they use. In addition, water is treated at Dockside Green and reused on site for flushing（冲洗）toilets.Planners of eco-communities such as Dockside Green must take the future into account. Dockside Green plans on reusing 90% of its construction waste. They also plan to continue using local suppliers for all of their transport and maintenance needs. This is a great way to reduce emissions（排放）. Dockside residents will be encouraged to make use of a mini transportation system and buy into the community's car share program. Finally, plans are in the works for a high-tech heating system that will use renewable energy instead of fossil fuels (化石燃料).Dockside residents will benefit from excellent local services with high quality healthcare, shopping and education at the heart of the community, along with excellent recreation facilities and。

2012年高考上海卷解析单选完形填空部分

2012年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷解析单选,完形部分解析:葛孝浩II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. passion, people won't have the motivation or the joy necessary for creative thinking.A. For B .Without C. Beneath D. By25. B。

句意：没有激情，人们就不会有创造性思考所必需的动机或者快乐。

本题考查介词用法for:为了，对于；without:没有；beneath:在……之下；by:被; 经由; 靠, 通过, 用;根据句意选B。

本题难度：易。

【拓展】典型例句：Without the sun, nothing would grow. 没有太阳，就不会有生物。

26. Is honesty the best policy? We _ that it is when we are little.A. will teachB. teachC. are taughtD. will be taught26. C。

句意：诚实是上策么？在我们小的时候就被教导是这样的。

本题考查时态和语态。

我们是被教导的，不是我们教导别人，因此用被动式；此处表示经常性或习惯性发生的动作，而不是指将来的事，因此用一般现在时，故选C。

本题难度：易。

【拓展】此处可能会受所谓“主将从现”思维定势的影响，从句是一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，就会误选D。

27. As Jack left his membership card at home, he wasn't allowed into the sports club.A. goingB. to goC. goD. gone27 B。

上海市长宁区2012届高三英语二模试卷(含答案及听力文字)

上海市长宁区2011学年第二学期高三英语期终质量抽测试卷（本卷满分150分；完卷时间120分钟）第I卷（共105分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. By plane. B. By ship. C. By train. D. By car.2. A. Tony’s secretary. B. Paul’s girlfriend. C. Paul’s colleague. D. Tony’s wife.3. A. $12.5. B. $13.5. C. $23.4. D. $26.4. A. A piece of pie. B. Some coffee. C. A warm room. D. Dinner with friends.5. A. Set the dining table. B. Change the light bulb.C. Clean the dining room.D. Hold the ladder for him.6. A. Tidy up the place carefully. B. Hold another party later.C. Get more food and drinks.D. Ask her friends to come over.7. A. Install a computer program. B. Check their computer files.C. Put a computer together.D. Repair their computer.8. A. She will meet the man halfway. B. She will ask David to talk less.C. She is sorry the man will not come.D. She has to invite David to the party.9. A. He has difficulty in understanding the book.B. He cannot get the assigned book right now.C. He can’t finish his assignment before the deadline.D. He has proved to be a better reader than the woman.10. A. Prof. Johnson’s lectures are rather boring.B. Many students have dropped Prof. Johnson’s class.C. It’s hard for students to understand Johnson’s lectures.D. Students enjoy both Prof. Johnson’s lectures and coffee.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Passport, ID card and the fee. B. ID card and passport-sized photo.C. Passport and ID card.D. Passport-sized photo, ID card and the fee.12. A. 10 am to 6 pm. B. 9 am to 10 pm. C. 9 am to 6 pm. D. 2 pm to 6 pm.13. A. They should book the facilities over the phone.B. They should use the facilities on weekends.C. They should come in the morning on weekdays.D. They should bring their membership cards with them.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Special Education. B. Medical Care. C. Applied Physics. D. Social Work.15. A. Her friends’ and relatives’ advice. B. The professional training she received.C. Her determination and hard work.D. Her parents’ consistent moral support.16. A. To help the disabled children there. B. To get the funding for the hospitals there.C. To train doctors for the children there.D. To offer professional training to children.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you will be required to fulfill the task by filling in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25.Many young people say that they want to be more independent, but sometimes they use thisas an excuse _____ irresponsible behavior.A. byB. toC. inD. for26.Frankly speaking, _____ of them knew what the other was doing in the morning that day.A. noneB. neitherC. someD. all27.The bread you bought at the supermarket today was at least _____ the bread you bought inthe nearby bakery yesterday.A. as worse asB. as better asC. no worse thanD. not better than28.When the victims of the earthquake went back home, the repair of their damaged houses_____.A. has yet completedB. has been completed yetC. had already completedD. had already been completed29.He started the work quite early this morning. By now he _____ it, but he is still working on it.A. should finishB. should have finishedC. could finishD. must have finished30.It is not always easy for the public to see _____ use a new invention can be of to human life.A. whoseB. whatC. whichD. that31.Alexander said that he would found an institution _____ any person could receive instructionin any study.A. whereB. whichC. thatD. how32.Tom admitted _____ the document in the morning without getting his manager’s permission.A. readB. being readC. to readD. having read33._____ difficulties we may come across in carrying out this plan, we’ll work together toovercome them.A. HoweverB. WhereverC. WhateverD. No matter34.Evidence came up _____ specific speech sounds were recognized by infants as young as twomonths old.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. whose35.It’s not important whether you win or not. What really matters is _____ you play this game.A. whatB. howC. whoD. that36.Only under special circumstances _____ to use the fire hose, otherwise they will be punished.A. are people permittedB. people are permittedC. people permittedD. did people permit37.You’ll find the hot issue that Da Vinci Furniture Co., Ltd sold fraud furniture _____ all overChina.A. talk aboutB. to talk aboutC. talking aboutD. talked about38.What a fantastic view it is! We see millions of golden rape flowers, rows of houses andsmoke _____ from behind them.A. roseB. to riseC. risingD. risen39. A disabled boy begging on the street was reported _____ by a car, but the driver fled insteadof sending him to hospital.A. being hitB. to be hitC. having been hitD. to have been hit40.My grandparents have developed a habit of taking a walk after dinner every day _____ itrains.A. in time ofB. wheneverC. except whenD. despiteSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.From the golden-tipped fields of mid-west America to the ancient kingdoms of green Palestine, there is a happy truth to be shared with all who would pay attention. In more recent times, this truth has been expressed as: April showers bring May flowers. This is a truth that 41 light bursting from darkness,strength born from weakness and if one dares to believe,life 42 from death.Farmers all over the world know the importance of the seasons. They know that there is a season to plant and a season to harvest. Everything must be in its own time. Although the rain pours down without stop, 43 all outdoor activities, the man of the field lifts his face to the heavens and smiles. Despite the 44 , he knows that the rain provides the nourishment his crops need to grow and flourish. The showers in April give rise to the glorious flowers in May.But this ancient truth 45 to more than the crops of the fields.It is a(n) 46 message of hope to all who experience 47 in life. A dashed relationship with one can open up the door to a brand new friendship with another. A lost job here can provide the 48 for a better job there. A broken dream can become the foundation of a wonderful future. Everything has its place.Remember this: overwhelming darkness may 49 for a night, but it will never overcome all the radiant light of the morning. When you are in a season of sorrow, hang in there, because a season of joy may be just around the corner.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Drones are technically known as unmanned aerial vehicles, or UAVs. These aircrafts, however, are not just used for air strikes, and they are not just used by governments. Human rights activists, environmental groups and journalists are 50 using drones in their work.Drones can fly in the sky to 51 images that reporters may not be able to get close to on the ground.Matt Waite is a journalism professor at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln. Students in his Drone Journalism Lab are 52 different uses for drones in news reporting.Matt Waite says,“Drone journalism as an idea is less than a year old at this point.The first 53 I saw was a labor protest in Poland where a man had a remote-controlled helicopter and he put a camera on it, flew it up and got just a 54 of the protests from the air. And you could see police moving into position to 55 the protest route. A video on YouTube shows images captured by the so-called RoboKopter.A group of citizen journalists in Moscow used a 56 drone camera to record protests during Russian Parliamentary elections.”Professor Waite noted a recent environmental case in the United States captured by someone flying his remote-controlled airplane. He said that the man 57 a meat packing plant that was polluting a nearby creek that ran into a nearby river. He had images of a 58 of blood flowing out of this meat packing plant, which was against the law. And environmental regulatory authorities were 59 to it.Andrew Sniderman is a co-founder of the Genocide Intervention Network. He wrote recently in the New York Times that drones could be used to collect important information in 60 areas, like Syria.Professor Waite also imagines many other uses for drones. He thought of every hurricane, tornado, fire and every kind of mass 61 that he ever covered as a journalist and thought that would be 62 to have it as a tool.Drone use in the United States is now rare 63 federal restrictions on airspace. However, Congress just passed a bill 64 to ease those restrictions by 2015.50. A. increasingly B. carefully C. extraordinarily D. hopefully51. A. preserve B. prohibit C. abandon D. capture52. A. making B. exploring C. imagining D. applying53. A. incident B. advantage C. instance D. journalist54. A. point B. view C. look D. solution55. A. block B. develop C. demand D. avoid56. A. familiar B. popular C. similar D. former57. A. built B. spotted C. protested D. managed58. A. drop B. sign C. stream D. collection59. A. warned B. banned C. proved D. alerted60. A. controlled B. remote C. polluted D. conflict61. A. disaster B. event C. disease D. argument62. A. terrible B. amazing C. ridiculous D. interested63. A. in case of B. for the sake of C. because of D. in spite of64. A. paid B. discussed C. assigned D. designedSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)A surprising case of exploitation (剥削) of the poor has surfaced in India after the authorities cracked down on a gang of “blood-suckers” who stole blood from helpless victims locked in a smelly basement. “Five people have been arrested in connection with this ring which may have been connected to local hospitals and a local university,” announced the head of police, who also added that some of the victims had been imprisoned by the gang for nearly three years.Acting on a tip-off, the police attacked a house in Gorakhpur. There they found 17 persons who were described as having been “reduced to skeletons”. They were too weak to stand and had to be brought to the hospital in stretchers.Pappu Yadav, the supposed gang leader, managed to escape the authorities, together with three gang members. A reward has been announced for his capture and the government has announced that it will use every available resource to hunt him down. Meanwhile, the police are piercing together the operation of the gang. The five arrested, who had experience working as lab technicians, told investigators that they had attracted poor laborers with offers of profitable jobs. Once the poor people agreed, the gang forced them to take blood tests. Initially, they were paid 1,500 rupees to donate blood on a frequent basis. Then, as they got weaker and weaker, the gang drew blood from them daily.Each of the five arrested has been charged with illegal imprisonment and attempted murder, facing up to 14 years in jail. Locals have blamed the state of the nation’s economy and the disparity (分配) between the rich and the poor for this incident. Even thou gh India’s economy has seen rapid growth over the past few years, the people at the bottom have yet to see its benefits reach them and more than a-third of India’s one billion people live on le ss than one U.S. dollar a day.65.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. There were at least nine members in this hateful gang.B. The police found the victims were all skin and bones.C. All the gang members used to worked as lab technicians.D. Some hospitals and a university were involved in this case.66.What was the gang members accused of?A. The exploitation of the poor.B. Illegal imprisonment and attempted murder.C. Escaping from the authorities.D. Stealing blood from a lot of poor Indians.67.What does the author mean by saying “…the people at the bottom have yet to see itsbenefits reach them”?A. Most Indians have benefited from India’s economy growth.B. India’s economy growth has brought benefits to poor Indians.C. Poor Indians haven’t benefited from India’s economy growth.D. Indians at the bottom contribute a lot to India’s economy growth.68.What may be the best title of this passage?A. Crimes in IndiaB. A Terrible Bloody CaseC. The Blood SuckersD. Poor Indians’ Suffering69.The organization, S.K.I., aims to _____.A. provide schools and social support for street childrenB. give business training and loans to street childrenC. share the lessons S.K.I. learned to help street childrenD. draw the attention of the government to street children70.According to the passage, what is the most probable reason why children end up living on thestreet?A. Unemployment.B. Adventurous play.C. Urban crimes.D. Poverty.71.This passage implies that with the help of S.K.I. street children may _____.A. reject paid employmentB. leave their familiesC. set up their own businessD. employ other children(C)Disappointed with delays in Sacramento (the capital of California), Bay Area officials said Thursday they planned to take matters into their own hands to regulate the region’s gro wing piles of electronic waste.A San Jose council woman and a San Francisco supervisor said they would propose new local plans aimed at controlling electronic waste if the California law-making body fails to act on two bills delayed in the Assembly. They are among a growing number of California cities and countries that have expressed the same intention.Environmentalists and local governments are increasingly concerned about the danger caused by old electronic devices and the cost of safely recycling those products. An estimated 6 million televisions and computers are stocked in California homes, and an additional 6,000 to 7,000 computers become outdated every day. The machines contain high levels of lead (铅) and other dangerous substances, and are already banned from California landfills.A bill by Senator (参议员) Byron Sher would require consumers to pay a recycling fee of up to $30 on every new machine containing a cathode ray tube. Used in almost all video monitors and televisions, those devices contain four to eight pounds of lead each. The fees would go toward setting up recycling programs, providing grants to non-profit agencies that reuse the tubes and rewarding manufacturers that encourage recycling.A separate bill by Los Angeles-area Senator Gloria Romero would require high-tech manufacturers to develop programs to recycle so-called e-waste. If passed, the measures would put California at the forefront of national efforts to manage the refuse of the electronic age.But high-tech groups, including the Silicon Valley Manufacturing Group and the American Electronics Association, oppose the measures, arguing that fees of up to $30 will drive consumers to online, out-of-state shops.“What really needs to occur is consumer education. Most consumers are unaware they’re not supposed to throw computers in the dust bin,” said Roxanne Gould, vice president of government relations for the electronics association.Computer recycling should be a local effort and part of residential waste collection programs, she added. Recycling electronic waste is a dangerous and specialized matter, and environmentalists maintain the state must support recycling efforts and ensure that the job isn’t contracted to junk dealers who send the poisonous parts overseas.“The graveyard of the high-tech revolution is ending up in rural China,” said Ted Smith, director of the Silicon Valley Toxics Coalition. His group is pushing for some refinement to Sher’s bill that would prevent the expor t of e-waste.72.How would Bay Area officials deal with the problem of e-waste?A. To get enough support to pass the delayed bills.B. To persuade the lawmakers of the California Assembly.C. To make relevant local regulations by themselves.D. To put pressure on manufacturers of electronic devices.73.What do the two bills delayed in the California Assembly both concern?A. The reprocessing of the huge amounts of electronic waste in the state.B. The regulations on dumping dangerous substances into landfills.C. The funding of local initiatives to reuse waste electronic devices.D. The sales of the second-hand electronic devices to foreign countries.74.High-tech groups believe that if an extra fee is charged on every TV or computer purchasedin California, consumers will _____.A. hesitate to upgrade their computersB. abandon online shoppingC. strongly protest against such a chargeD. buy them from other states75.We learn from the passage that much of California’s electronic waste has been _____.A. dumped into local landfillsB. exported to foreign countriesC. collected by non-profit agenciesD. recycled by computer manufacturersSection CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.If you are interested in personal development you have probably heard Brian Tracy’s words, “You are what you think about most of th e time”. It is true, by thinking about something enough you push it into your subconscious, your mental computer that works 24 hours a day.76.When you dream your conscious turns off, giving you a view of what is going on in your subconscious. You most important work will be done when you sleep. Your mind will be working without your conscious getting in the way. It will be solving problems you don’t even know you have and present you with solutions.77.Your dreams mirror your thoughts. It is your subconscious. By pushing a message into your subconscious it will be a part of your dreams. But to get something into your subconscious takes effort. You need to think about it constantly, write it down, visualize it, repeat it to yourself and almost become obsessed by it.78.Once you have pushed your thoughts into your subconscious you will start dreaming about solutions. You will then start to see changes in the world around you and before long you will become what you have dreamed about. In shorter time then you can imagine you can do extra ordinary things. If you have read “Think and Grow Rich” by Napoleon Hill, he shares this advice in his book and shows examples of how some of the most successful men and women have changed their lives and gone from rags to riches in just a short time.79.Most of us have a special skill to think about more about the negative, but the danger of this is that you will be pushing this into your subconscious, making your mental computer work on solutions to give you even more grief. If you are to succeed you have to change your mental programming. In addition, you have to become a more positive person, focusing on the good and on solutions.80.Keep repeating positive messages to yourself throughout the day. If you want to rekindle the romance in a relationship it can be enough to repeat to yourself day in and day out “I love my wife or partner”. This will push it into your subconscious and you will start finding solutions to make it reality. In addition, when you have your goals in writing it becomes easier to think about them. You can spend time reading them every day. You can write down plans, think about ideas and so on. All this will push your goals deeper into your subconscious and help you speed up your success.Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.In West Africa in 1900, a British governor’s demand that an Ashanti tribe give up a golden stool started a small war. The governor, believing the stool to be a throne(宝座), thought that possessing it would establish his authority over the tribe.The stool, however, was no mere throne; it was a sacred relic (圣物) that contained the spirit of the tribe. It was so sacred that even the Ashanti chief would not sit upon it. Rather than give up the stool, the tribe hid it. British soldiers were ordered in, and many people were killed. However, this war and its tragic consequences could have been avoidable.The science of anthropology, the study of people, how they live and their customs and beliefs, began in the mid 1800s. At that time, anthropologists believed that human culture developed from lower to higher forms of society and technology. However, by the time of the governor’s stupid mistake, those early beliefs had given way to the study and documentation of differences between cultures. Had the governor consulted an anthropologist, he would have had a much better chance of understanding the real meaning of the stool, and many lives could have been saved.Modern anthropologists study every level of society. One of their main goals is to uncover common patterns of human behavior. To avoid mistakes like that made by the unfortunate British governor, people routinely seek the advice of anthropologists.For example, the Peace Corps send volunteers around the world to help people in unindustrialized countries learn how to improve their lives. This was a noble idea. Yet in the early years of the Peace Corps, most volunteers were inexperienced, and few bothered to learn the language of their assigned country prior to their arrival there. Today, thanks to anthropology, the Peace Corps has changed. Its volunteers are more experienced. They have some basic language training, and they have learned how to understand and show respect for the customs and beliefs of other nations.(Note:Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS.)81.Why did British governor want the golden stool?82.The British governor’s mistake could have been avoided by __________.83.What’s the goal of the Peace Corps?84.In the passage the author expresses his viewpoint that __________.第II卷（共45分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.健康与体育锻炼密切相关。

2012年第二学期上海高三英语二模答案(徐汇区)

2012学年第二学期徐汇区高三年级英语学科学习能力诊断卷参考答案第一卷2013.４I. Listening Comprehension (1-10小题每题1分，11-16小题每题2分)1-5 DABDC 6-10 DADBC 11-13 DCB 14-16 CAD17. 1208 18. extend 19. negotiation 20. luggage21. in a library 22. was sleeping 23. find a topic 24. customs and buildings 说明：21题漏掉冠词不扣分，22题时态不对扣0.5分，24题没有复数得0分。

II. Grammar and Vocabulary (25-49小题每题1分)Section A 25-29 CCDCD 30-34 CABBA 35-39 ADBCB 40. ASection B 41. C 42. D 43. A 44. J 45. E 46. B 47. H 48. G 49. FIII. Reading Comprehension (50-64小题每题1分，65-75小题每题2分，,76-80小题每题1分)Section A 50-54 C ADCA 55-59 BACDA 60-64 DCBBDSection B 65-68 BDBA 69-71 CBD 72-75 ACCBSection C76. E 77. F 78. D 79. C 80.BSection D81. The percentage of young people among speakers.82. to make communication easier/to teach a national language nation-wide81.bring sth. back to life / bring sth. back into use / save82.An endangered language can be saved by conservation efforts.第二卷I.Translation1.We benefited a lot from the three-day social practice.The three-day social practice benefited us a lot.2.To our relief, the government is taking measures/action to improve our housing conditions.3.Despite many difficulties / In spite of many difficulties, he never gave up his desire tobecome /be an excellent / outstanding / a distinguished architect.4.The first time I watched Gangnam Style, I was deeply impressed by its lively rhythm andcreative dance. / its lively rhythm and creative dance impressed me a lot / deeply / greatly. 5.The air quality in some big cities is getting / becoming from bad to worse, which should alertus( to the fact) that the lack of environmental awareness has come at the expense of the health of the citizens. / the lack of environmental awareness (lacking environmentalawareness) has cost the citizens their health. / …that the citizens have paid ( high) price for the lack of environmental awareness.II. Guided Writing略。

【首发】上海市2012届高三二模考试英语汇编选标题Word版含答案

2012届上海市高三二模英语试卷——选标题（崇明）A.Analyze visual information.B.Have a good concentration skill.C.Do a good workout.D.Keep a good memory.e logic and reasoning skills.F.Build up language skills.Many men are devoted to exercise to build up their bodies, but the phrase “use it or lose it”applies to more than just the muscle in our bodies—it also applies to our brains. Here are 5 tips that can help our brains stay sharp.76. _________It plays an important role in all cognitive activities, including reading, reasoning and mental calculation. There are several types of its work in the brain. Taken together, these are the cognitive skills we may notice most when they begin to fail. To keep a good memory, you need to train for it, which can be easier than you think. Listening to music is enjoyable. By choosing a song you don’t know and memorizing the lyrics, you improve your memory skills.77. _________It is necessary in nearly all daily tasks and it enables you to focus despite noise and to think about several things at once. We can improve the skill by simply changing our routines. Change your course to work or reorganize your desk—both will force your brain to wake up and pay attention again.78. _________It will increase your ability to recognize, remember and understand words. With regular practice, you can expand your knowledge of new words and more easily think of words to say because they will come to you more naturally. For example, if you usually only read the sports section, try reading a few business articles. You’ll learn new words, and by using them you can also exercise your brain.79. _________You can also exercise your brain by taking advantage of your environment. Try walking into a room and picking out five items and their locations. When you exit the room, try to remember all five items and where they are located. Too easy? Wait two hours and try to remember those items and their locations. Analyzing what you saw will force you to use your memory and train your brain to focus on your surroundings.80. _________It helps you make decisions, build up hypotheses and consider the possible consequences of your actions.Activities in which you must define a strategy to reach a desired outcome and calculate the right moves to reach the solution in the shortest possible time are actually fun activities you can do daily. For example, playing video games requires you to come up with a strategy so as to advance to the next level.76. D 77. B 78. F 79. A 80. E（奉贤）76. ________________________A world record is every athlete’s dream, but the hard-won records of a few years ago are mostly just today’s qualifying times. Roger Bannister’s famous four-minute mile of 1956 has been beaten by nearly 15 seconds, while almost an hour and twenty minutes has been taken off the women’s marathon since. 1953. ‘Faster, higher, stronger’, is the Olympic motto, and today’s competitors continue to push back the boundaries of what the body can achieve. But one wonders if this can continue.77. ________________________The last forty years have seen many important technological advances. For example, since the introduction of strong flexible, fiberglass poles, over a meter has been added to the pole vault record. There have also been important developments in the design of the running shoe. And while a shoe won’t actually make someone run faster, modern shoes do mean many more miles of comfortable, injury-free training.78. ________________________Pushing back the limits now depends more on science, technology and medicine than anything else. Athletic technique, training programmes and diets are all being studied to find ways of taking a few more seconds off or adding a few more centimetres to that elusive world record. It seems that natural ability and hard work are no longer enough.79. ________________________The research to find more efficient ways of moving goes on. Analysis of an athlete’s style is particularly useful for events like jumping and throwing. Studies show that long jumpers need to concentrate not on the speed of approach, as once thought, but on the angle their bodies make with the ground as they take off. However, the rules governing each sport limit advances achieved by new styles. For instance only one-footed takeoffs are allowed in the high jump.80. ________________________In the future, it should be possible to develop a more individual approach to training programmes. Athletes will keep detailed diaries and collect data to help predict the point when training becomes overtraining, the cause of many injuries. If athletes feed all their information into a database, it may then be possible to predict patterns and to advise them individually when they should cut76—80 FECBD（虹口）76.Today, the Internet is in a few cars; tomorrow, broadband (宽带) will be in all of them. Any capability a personal computer has, a car will have, including two –way wireless communications for receiving e –mail, music, and movies. When you ’re crossing the lonely place, the kids can watch TV if they’re bored. Every passenger will have a video feed.77.Every car will have a self –driving system linked to GPS satellites. Radar sensors (传感器) will track nearby cars. On the freeway, they’ll sl ow your car when the car ahead of you slows; in town, they’ll help you park without hitting other cars. At rush hour, you’ll get the routes around traff ic jams and accidents. The self –driving system in a car makes it possible for the car to drive itself, t hough some scientists say that’s 30 to 40 years off.78.Motor vehicles today represent 20 to 30 percent of the world’s energy use. In the near future, a small gasoline engine and an electric motor will be brought together. Drivers will use electricity in a storage battery for short distances. Longer term, cars might burn hydrogen or use a fuel cell that converts a fuel like hydrogen and combines it with oxygen to create power. Then the waste will be pure water.79. it a bit cooler” or “find me country music”. Lighter, more reliable electronic controls replace mechanical controls. Fiber optics (光纤) replace electrical wires and light bulbs. Seats will be air –conditioned. The car will travel with one side higher than the other when turning, just as an airplane does now.80.Cars will avoid some accidents by maintaining safe following distances, and by sensing sleepy or drunk drivers. Air bags will adapt for every passenger according to their size, weight, and position in case accidents happen.76-80：ECABDIt’s been said that “everybody lies sometimes.” And it’s true. Everyone does lie from time to time.Men lie; women lie. Husbands lie, friends lie, wives lie, and believe it or not, your mother might lie.A recent study showed that 91% of all people lie on a regular basis, and people tell at least 13 majorlies a week. 77.The first thing one has to understand about lying is that there are at least five different types of liars: the model of absolute integrity, the real straight-shooter, the pragmatic fibber, a real Pinocchio andthe compulsive liar, according to sociologist – anthropologist Dr. Gina Graham Scott.78. Dr. Robert G. Newby, the professor of sociology at Central Michigan University, believes that men are more likely to tell lies than women . “Men are more concerned about how they present themselves in public, the impression they make on people and things like that,” he says. “Men are always trying to impress people in the work and want to make sure that their presentation of self is one that makes them look good.” Women, on the other hand, Dr. Newby believes , are more private people and their relationship tends to be more interpersonal, as opposed to having to put on a public face. Women are more vulnerable and they are not as likely to try to pull the wool over someone’s eyes like men.79. Dr Ronn Elmore, Los Angeles-based relationship counselor, does not believe that lying is based on g ender. “But I believe when women lie it tends to be verbal, plain old -fashioned lies with words. But when men lie, it is often nonverbal, as in doing what he says he would not do or not doing what he promised he would do. Either way, it’s a lie, male versi on or female version. It is the opposite of integrity.”80. Vesta Callender, psychotherapist in New York City, also agrees that one’s gender does not play a role in lying, but men and women do lie differently. “Women concern more while lying. They plan better,” Callender notes. “They create a history around the lie, and they try to project into the future what might happen if the lie is detected. With a woman, a lie has a beginning, a middle and an end. It’s a real entanglement.” Callender believes that men “tend to lie for the moment or to get out of a situation. Men think less about how the lie can be detected.”76—80 BAECF(静安、杨浦、宝山、青浦)One of the consequences of the terrible earthquake and tsunami in Japan on 11 March was, of course, a leak of radiation at the Fukushima nuclear power station on the country’s east coast. Soon afterwards, all the people living within twenty kilometres of the plant were told to leave because of the danger from the radiation.The pros and cons of nuclear power always come up in debates about how the world should produce the energy it needs. Those who think the risks are too great can obviously use Chernobyl – and now Fukushima – in their argument, while also pointing out that nuclear waste stays radioactive for hundreds of years, and asking what might happen if terrorists ever chose to attack a nuclear power plant. Those who support nuclear power point out that a very small amount of nuclear fuel can create a huge amount of energy, and that unlike the burning of fossil fuels such as oil, coal and natural gas, nuclear power stations don’t contri bute to global warming by pushing greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.Most of the world’s energy currently comes from fossil fuels, but this can’t go on forever. As well as the problem of global warming there is the simple fact that the Earth has a limited amount of these resources. They will eventually run out – although there is a lot of disagreement about when that might be.Apart from nuclear power, which currently provides less than 10% of the world’s energy, the other alternative is energy from renewable sources. These include hydropower, biofuels (made mostly from crops), wind power and solar power, and together they currently provide around 15% of the world’s energy. Some scientists think renewable energy is the great hope for the future – not only because it won’t run out but also because it is less risky than nuclear power and produces far fewer greenhouse gases than burning fossil fuels.Other scientists, however, believe we will never produce enough renewable energy to fill the gap when fossil fuels begin to run out. That is why, even while watching the very worrying events in Japan, they argue that nuclear power will always have to be part of the solution to the world’s energy problems.76—80 DBEFC（闵行）As public playgrounds grow increasingly worn and shabby, the for-profit centers offer clean, safe, supervisedactivities as well asa variety ofchallenging exercises to develop youngsters’ physical fitness, usually for a f ee of around $5 an hour. “Playgrounds are dirty, not supervised,” says Dick Guggenheimer, owner of the two-month-old Discovery Zone in Yonkers, N.Y., part of a Kansas City-based chain. “We’re indoors; we’re padded; parents can feel their child is safe.”77. outlets in the past 14 months, boasting sandboxes full of brightly colored plastic balls, mazes, obstacle courses, slides and mountains to climb. Now McDonalds is getting into the act. The burger giant is test-marketing a new playground, Leaps&Bounds, in Naperville, Ill. Phys Kids of Wichita has opened one center and has plans to expand.78. American parents are rightly worried about their kids ’ leisure life. There are 36 million children in the U.S. aged 2 to 11 who watch an average of 24 hours of TV a week and devote less and less energy to active recreation. Nationwide decrease in education budgets are making the problem worse, as gym classes and after-hours sports time get squeezed. Says Discovery Zone president Jack G union: “We have raised a couple of pure couch potatoes.”79. cater to (迎合) the concerns of two-earner families, staying open in the evenings, long after traditional public playground have grown dark and unusable. At Naperville’s Leaps&Bounds, families can play together for $4.95 per child, parents free. Fresh-faced assistants, dressed in colorful sport pants and shirts, guide youngsters to appropriate play areas for differing age group.80. play with their kids rather than drop them off. But several also provide high-tech baby-sitting services. At some of the Discovery Zones, parents can register their children in special supervised programs, then leave them and slip away for a couple of hours to enjoy a movie or dinner. The most fun of all, though, is getting to do what parents used to do in the days before two-career families and two-hour commutes: play with their kid. That, at least, is old-fashioned, even at per-hour rates.76. C 77. A78. F 79. D 80. B（浦东） An interview with Benno Nigg, the sports scientist76.Nigg’s Answer: That is a little bit overstated. But the literature shows that shoes are a minor player in injury development. If you take a group of people and want to injure them, send them out every day for a 20-kilometre run. A lot of them will be injured in three weeks. The major factors are the distance run, the intensity and recovery time, not the shoes.77. Nigg’s Answer: The problem is that if you go to a store and want to find your best shoes, you don’t know what to do. Things that are sometimes done, like video analysis of your rear foot movement, may not help. The only way to assess whether a shoe is right for you is how it feels. If you feel comfortable i n a shoe, it’s likely to be good for you.78. Nigg’s Answer: A shoe may act as a training device, making some muscles to function more effectively for a majority of users. Or it may use materials that last longer. That may have something to do with its price. However, for the average runner it is difficult to distinguish between actual functional designs and unnecessary features. Generally, the more a shoe controls movement, the more it acts like a cast, which means you lose some muscle strength, and your feet are more likely to be injured.79. Nigg’s Answer: Yes, for about 80 per cent of people. The major benefits are training the small muscles crossing the ankle joint, and a reduction of knee and lower back pain. However, some claims for these unstable shoes are overstated, such as the general muscle strengthening that they are claimed to produce.80. Nigg’s Answer: There are claims that there are fewer injuries when you run barefoot, but there is not yet enough evidence, or enough research, to prove that. If you look at performance, most papers suggest an advantage of 3 to 4 per cent. With a few exceptions, people don’t run barefoot, so it may be that it’s not an advantage, or it may be that we’re just not used to it.76--80. DBCFE（普陀）Marriage, like other social instructions, is showing the strains of modern life. While more Americans are getting married today than ever before, the divorce rate is also disturbingly on the rise (one divorce for every three marriages last year). Why should this be so, and what, if anything, can we do to reverse this trend?77.__________For most people, life is easier and more comfortable than ever before. Convenience foods from the supermarket simplify shopping and cooking. Household appliances like the vacuum cleaner and the washing machine have made housework much easier to do. Released from these household chores, many wives have found jobs outside the home. Women are achieving economic independence.78. _________Families, too, are simpler today. In American, it is not customary for parents to live with their married children. With our greater mobility, relatives have scattered, the parents retiring to Florida or Arizona and the young people, after they marry, going wherever their jobs or their interests take them.79.________Young adult women have new freedom, too. While attending college, they often live away from home, sometimes far from their parents or their relatives. After college, they move to the city, finda job, and set up “bachelor” apartment. This is the era of women’s liberation.80. ________But all this freedom and affluence have had an unforeseen and in some respects a devastating effect on marriage. Men and women, no longer dependent on each other for food and maintenance, find it harder to accept the responsibilities and restraints or endurance the misunderstandings of married life. When happiness becomes misery, many couples decide to terminate their marriage through divorce. On the other hand, there is a growing trend today for couples in trouble to try to save their marriage by consulting a professional counselor. He listens patiently while they talk, knowing that only through self-understanding can they solve their problems.76-80 F B DE ADo you want to start a school newspaper? If you do, then this is the article for you. Starting a school newspaper can be a great learning experience and is a respectable thing to put on a resume(简历) in the future as it shows your interviewer your leadership skills and that could very well help land you the dream job for your future. Being part of the school newspaper will give you a good idea on other people you barely know and also it will give you a chance to learn what goes onthe party, and that is authority. A teacher is there primarily to help make sure that everyone gets their articles in on time. With a teacher, staff simply feel an obligation to get their articles in. This really makes your job a lot easier. A teacher not only sees to it that articles are handed in on time,12 articles, brainstorm 12. Some ideas are: games, colouring contest, short story, advice, random facts, sports, poetry or fashion. Once you have these articles planned out, open a word document and come up with cool titles and layout for your newspaper. You can copy a few things from the internet, but if it has a copyright, make sure to sayarticle because life consists of all things, e.g. sickness, vacation, family affairs etc. Also tell them to let you know if they can't get one article in so you can cover for them. Print off the schedule and give it to all your staff members.Section C76. D 77. B 78. F 79. C 80. E(杨浦and ancient disease caused by one-celled Plasmodium parasites, and malaria is spread by the bite of infected Anopheles mosquitoes. The symptoms of malaria include periodic chills, fever, headache, and sweating. Complications affecting the kidneys, liver, brain, and blood can be fatal. Malaria is a major health problem in the tropics, where it afflicts up to 500 million people every year.has fallen rapidly as efforts to combat the disease have ramped up, according to a new researchfound in the most recent comprehensive study of the disease. The researchers say that deaths from malaria have been missed by previous studies because of the assumption that the disease mainly kills children under five. They found that more than 78,000 children aged 5 to 14, and more than 445,000 people aged 15 and older died from malaria in 2010, meaning that 42 percent of all malariathat while the overall number of malaria deaths is higher than earlier reports, the trend in malaria deaths has followed a similar downward pattern. Starting in 1985, malaria deaths grew every year before peaking in 2004 at 1.8 million deaths worldwide. Since then, the number of deaths has fallen annually and, between 2007 and 2010, the decline in deaths hasinsecticide-treated bed nets and artemisinin-combination treatments. This has been accomplished through the advent of the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Malaria & Tuberculosis in 2001 and the creation of organizations focused on fighting malaria, such as the World Health Organization's Roll Back Malaria, Malaria No More and Nothing But Nets. Overall funding for malaria efforts grew from less than 250 million U.S. dollars annually in 2001 to more than two billion in 2009, according to the researchers' latest estimates.76-80 DBFACWhen the city manager of troubled Stockton, California, had to tell city council members why it was on track to become the biggest American city yet to go bankrupt (破产), it took hours to get through the list. There was the free health care for retirees, the unpaid parking tickets, the revenue bonds without enough revenue to pay them. On it went, a grim drumbeat of practically every fiscalaside for every dollar of benefits its workers expect. Some public pension experts think they knowwhy pensions were not on the city manager's list. They see the hidden hand of California's giant state pension system, known as Calpers, which administers hundreds of billions of dollars instate law bars any reduction in pensions — and not just for people who have already retired. State law also forbids cuts in the pensions that today's public workers expect to earn in the future, Calpers says, even in cases of severe financial distress. Workers at companies have no comparablethe cost of their pensions is growing fast, turning into a major drag on many local governments' finances. The pension contributions that cities must make every year are rising, but their revenue, which often depends on property taxes, is not keeping up. Taxed-out residents, many of whom havethe end of June whether it will file for Chapter 9 bankruptcy, which would allow the city to negotiate reductions in its debt in court. For Calpers, the prospect of a California city bankruptcy indicates a potential failure of its pension system. Such a challenge could blow an unsustainable hole in what experts consider pension protection which used to be most airtight. The Calpers is now awaiting a vague future.76-80 CFAED（长宁）If you are interested in personal development you have probably heard Brian Tracy’s words, “You are what you think about most of the time”. It is true, by th inking about something enough you push it into your subconscious, your mental computer that works 24 hours a day.76.________________When you dream your conscious turns off, giving you a view of what is going on in your subconscious. You most important work will be done when you sleep. Your mind will be working without your conscious getting in the way. I t will be solving problems you don’t even know you have and present you with solutions.77.________________Your dreams mirror your thoughts. It is your subconscious. By pushing a message into your subconscious it will be a part of your dreams. But to get something into your subconscious takes effort. You need to think about it constantly, write it down, visualize it, repeat it to yourself and almost become obsessed by it.78.________________Once you have pushed your thoughts into your subconscious you will start dreaming about solutions. You will then start to see changes in the world around you and before long you will become what you have dreamed about. In shorter time then you can imagine you can do extra ordinary things. If you have read “Think and Grow Rich” By Napoleon Hill, he shares this advice in his book and shows examples of how some of the most successful men and women have changed their lives and gone from rags to riches in just a short time.79._________________Most of us have a special skill to think about more about the negative, but the danger of this is that you will be pushing this into your subconscious, making your mental computer work on solutions to give you even more grief. If you are to succeed you have to change your mental programming. In addition, you have to become a more positive person, focusing on the good and on solutions.80._________________Keep repeating positive messages to yourself throughout the day. If you want to rekindle the romance in a relationship it can be enough to repeat to yourself day in and day out “I love my wife or partner”. This will push it into your subconscious and your will start finding solutions to make it reality. In addition, when you have your goals in writing it becomes easier to think about them. You can spend time reading them every day. You can write down plans, think about ideas and so on. All this will push your goals deeper into your subconscious and help you speed up your success. (D) 76-80 DACFE。

上海市虹口区2012届高三英语第二学期测试卷英语试题

上海市虹口区2012届高三英语第二学期测试卷2012.4考生注意：1. 本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1-11页）和第Ⅱ卷（12页）两部分。

全卷共12页。

满分150分。

考试时间120分钟。

2. 答第I卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写学校、班级、姓名和准考证号，并用铅笔在答题卡上正确涂写准考证号。

3. 第I卷（1-16小题，25-80小题）由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上。

考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。

注意试题题号和答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。

答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。

答案不能涂写在试卷上，涂写在试卷上一律不给分。

第I卷中的第17-24小题、81-84小题和第II卷的试题，其答案用钢笔或圆珠笔写在答题卡上，如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上也一律不给分。

第I卷（105分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. The man is forgetful.B. She wants to buy this washing-machine.C. This is the first time that the man has talked about the new kind of machine.D. The man indicated that he liked this new type of washing-machine.2. A. In the cinema. B. In the lab.C. In the zoo.D. In the school.3. A. She will be upset probably.B. She is pleased with their move.C. She feels a little disappointed.D. Moving to the south is better than moving to the north.4. A. Where the orange juice could be found.B. How to make fresh orange juice.C. To pass a small glass of orange juice to him.D. If the woman would like to have some orange juice.5. A. To quit basketball.B. To give the reason for giving up basketball.C. To go on playing basketball in spite of the failure.D. To take part in another game.6. A. He’s a chairman. B. He’s a doctor.C. He’s a professor.D. He’s a carpenter.7. A. Shop assistant and customer. B. Neighbors.C. Doctor and patient.D. Colleagues.8. A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. More than three.9. A. He did not do homework at night. B. He had trained too much before.C. He had no sports facilities.D. He came back home late.10. A. 482-3351. B. 428-5531. C. 428-1135. D. 482-5531.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. About one kilogram. B. About fifty kilograms.C. More than fifty kilograms.D. As many as fifty kilograms.12. A. 2,000 years ago. B. In 1100. C. In 1500. D. In 1900.13. A. They are so poor that they can only buy paper boots.B. There are no other kinds of boots there.C. Paper boots are warmer than any other boots there.D. Paper boots are so nice that they don’t like anything else.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. In the San Francisco area. B. On the island of Nimi.C. In the Pacific Ocean.D. Along the US coast.15. A. The earthquake was serious.B. New earthquakes are not expected.C. An island was destroyed by the earthquake.D. The earthquake was mild.16. A. They will be in high intensity.B. They will occur along the coast.C. Earthquakes of unknown intensity will occur there.D. They are predicated 100 miles away.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.(A)Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. Girls are said to be more diligent and attentive at school, who score well ______ average inmost subjects.A. overB. onC. ofD. above26. Harry never enjoys visiting large cities because he thinks one such city is much like ______.A. anotherB. the otherC. the othersD. others27. Tony is a quiet boy and he is accustomed ______ at meals, which is always appreciated.A. not to talkB. to not talkC. to not talkingD. not to talking28. -- Do you think Jack will lend us a hand?-- He is the last one to help others. He ______ lend his hand, though．A. canB. mustC. mightD. should29. Mike and Bob both did very well in the competition, but the former is ______ of the two.A. more talentedB. the most talentedC. most talentedD. the more talented30. He must have been punished by his parents yesterday for what he had done, ______?A. mustn’t heB. wasn’t heC. didn’t heD. ha dn’t he31. Among those presents ______ an iPad that his father gave him for his birthday.A. have includedB. is includedC. has includedD. are included32. ______ wondering which way to take, the little boy behaved like a real gentleman whocomforted his sister from time to time.A. LeavingB. Having leftC. To leaveD. Left33. Shanghai now increases the supply of smaller houses, ______ to help low–income families tobuy houses of their own.A. aimedB. being aimedC. aimingD. having aimed34. Tropical rainforests ______ down and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from theearth in the near future.A. are being cutB. are cutC. cutD. had been cut35. you can’t make great progress in the language learning has something to do withyour vocabulary.A. WhetherB. ThatC. IfD. What36. You are sure to be successful in the job market ______ you make yourself better known to theinterviewer.A. even ifB. thoughC. untilD. once37. Jimmy came back early last night. It was not yet eight o’clock ______ he got home.A. beforeB. thatC. whenD. until38. Many skilled workers were organized to clear away ______ remained of the World Expo site.A. whatB. whenC. whichD. where39. The old man took the policemen back to the same place ______ he had witnessed the robbery.A. thatB. whereC. asD. when40. People hope the new measures ______ house prices, taken by the government, will succeed.A. to controlB. controlledC. controllingD. having controlledSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can onlyThe net plays another, more active, role on the linguistic（语言学的）front, a role that is 41overlooked by many people who believe English victory is on the go. Since the advent (来临) of World Wide Web, many minority 42，those spoken by single nations or ethnic groups, have enjoyed a dramatic upsurge(急剧上升)in vitality. Many such tongues were 43 endangered just a decade ago. Late-century mobility and economic currents were taking more and more speakers out of their communities and away from fellow speakers. Languages were 44 at an alarming rate.Like biological extinction, linguistic extinction is a serious loss for all of humankind. Languages are some of the 45ways people maintain their culture and are crucial to understanding other cultures. When fewer and fewer people share a 46language, it may die, and when it does, part of our collective human culture dies with it．Surprisingly, though, the Internet has become a valuable tool for 47 endangered languages. Speakers of these languages not only have been particularly active in putting up web pages in their various languages, but also in mounting(配置) 48effective, large-scale dictionary and language-learning projects online. There is no reason why minority languages cannot live together with a common social language like English. Indeed, the Internet offers more hope for their 49than they have ever known before, especially as translation tools become more effective.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The past 20 years have produced great advances in technology and communications. 50, people throughout the world have become ever more connected. The 51link between the nations and people of the world is called globalization. It is a 52that has changed ways of life around the world.Perhaps the biggest change in this process is the effect of globalization on commerce. In an effort to build a 53economy, most nations of the world have embraced (拥抱) free trade. Free trade removes certain limits imposed (强加) on global commerce to make it easier for nations to exchange goods with one another. A 54aim of this process is to aid poor nations and thusreduce 55. Globalization has indeed increased trade throughout the world, but experts disagree about its effect on the poor.The debate about recent trends in global commerce is complex. Those 56free trade in the global market point out that competition lowers prices. Its critics argue that, without controls, such a system often harms poor nations. To some extent, both are 57. For example, in Jamaica, a country which imported milk from the United States and the 58milk was cheaper than local milk, more poor people could drink milk and improve their nutrition. At the same time, the cheaper milk put 59dairy farmers out of business. Perhaps this program caused as muchh a r m a s60.Those who support free trade in the global market do so for a number of reasons. Studies show that when a poor nation begins trading on the global level, it gains certain 61. Its economy grows rapidly. Multinational companies set up factories, 62jobs for people. Supporters claim that these factors reduce poverty and lessen the gap between the richest and poorest nations. They believe that the globalizing trend benefits the poor.Critics of unrestricted free trade question these conclusions. Although they 63that the global market can offer growth and jobs to poor nations, they doubt that it reduces poverty. In fact, they cite (引述) studies which show that poverty has increased as a result of the global market.64, the gap between rich and poor nations is growing.Regardless of which side they are on, most experts believe that globalization has great potential to aid the poor. Both sides need to find a way to make it work.50. A. In conclusion B. In particular C. As a result D. On the contrary51. A. growing B. starting C. moving D. reducing52. A. culture B. trend C. belief D. potential53. A. regional B. national C. practical D. global54. A. steadier B. further C. tougher D. stricter55. A. profit B. conflict C. poverty D. expense56. A. attracting B. altering C. opposing D. supporting57. A. correct B. inevitable C. necessary D. effective58. A. required B. produced C. imported D. exported59. A. economical B. local C. traditional D. social60. A. sacrifice B. satisfaction C. convenience D. good61. A. benefits B. varieties C. opportunities D. budgets62. A. influencing B. arranging C. providing D. applying63. A. ensure B. assume C. argue D. agree64. A. In addition B. First of all C. In that case D. On averageSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day. “I wa s a clothes addict,” he jokes. “I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled.” Today David wears casual clothes --- khaki pants and sports shirt --- to the office. Hehardly ever wears a necktie. “I’m working harder than ever,” David says, “and I need to feel comfortable.”More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work in the United States. The change from formal to casual office wear has been gradual. In the early 1990s, many companies allowed their employees to wear casual clothes on Friday (but only on Friday). This became known as “dress-down Friday” o r “casual Friday”. “What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees has really become an everyday thing.” said business consultant Maisly Jones.Why have so many companies started allowing their employees to wear casual clothes? One reason is that it’s easier for a company to attract new employees if it has a casual dress code. “A lot of young people don’t want to dress up for work,” says the owner of a software company, “so it’s hard to hire people if you have a conservative (保守的) dress code.” Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes. In a study conducted by Levi Strauss and Company, 85 percent of employers say that they believe that casual dress improves employee morale (士气). Only 4 percent of employers say that casual dress has a negative impact on productivity. Supporters of casual office wear also argue that a casual dress code helps them save money. “Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day,” one person said. “For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more casual clothes.”65. David Smith refers to himself as having been “a clothes addict,” because ______.A. he often wore khaki pants and a sports shirtB. he couldn’t stand a clean appea ranceC. he wanted his clothes to look neat all the timeD. he didn’t want to spend much money on clothes66. David Smith wears casual clothes now, because ______.A. they make him feel at ease when workingB. he cannot afford to buy expensive clothesC. he looks attractive in casual clothesD. he no longer works in that company67. According to this passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Company workers started to dress down at work about twenty years ago.B. Dress-down has become an everyday phenomenon since the early 1990s.C. “Dress-down Friday” was first given as a favor from employers.D. Many workers want to wear casual clothes to attract people.68. In this passage, the following advantages of casual office wear are mentioned in the passageexcept ______.A. saving employees’ moneyB. making employees more attractiveC. improving employees’ motivationD. making employees happier(B)The prestigious(享有声望的)Nobel prizes were announced in twin ceremonies in Stockholm and Oslo. Here is a look at this year’s winners and their work.Mario Vargas Llosa 2010 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Winner: Robert Edwards (Britain) —“Father of the test-tube baby”. Professor Edwards was the first to try human egg removal and fertilization(受精) in vitro (a Latin term meaning “in glass”). His efforts gave rise to both a69. We can know from the passage that ______.A. The Time of the Hero was widely acceptedB. Mario Vargas Llosa only has a gift for novelsC. Mario Vargas Llosa ran for president of PeruD. The Time of the Hero was based on some officers ’ experiences70. The technology of test-tube baby _______.A. is a breakthrough in medicine but now out-datedB. helps Robert Edwards win the Nobel Prize in physiologyC. has led to 4 million babies ’ coming into the worldD. is linked to human egg removal and fertilization in a human body71. We can conclude from the passage that ______.A. the 2010 Nobel Chemistry Prize winners bring benefits to all aspects of lifeB. palladium-catalyzed reactions are widely used in drugs for fighting diseasesC. The two Russian scientists have published their book Detectors of Carbon ’s New FaceD. the amazing discovery of grapheme has been known to all for a long time(C)There are a couple of ways to forecast the destructive potential of a hurricane (飓风) so that 2010 Nobel Prize in Physics Winners: Andre Geim and KonstantinNovoselov (Russia) ---“Detectors ofcarbon ’s new face.” Imagine a material that ’s just one atom thick (nearly see-through), yet super-strong, highly conductive (传导的) and able to reveal new secrets of fundamental physics. The amazing little thing is grapheme (石墨烯)，isolated by Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov. Unlike other lifelong prize winning discoveries, it was published just six years ago.2010 Nobel Prize in ChemistryWinners: Richard Heck (America), Ei-ichi Negishi and Akira Suzuki (Japan) —“Molecule makers ” The three chemists successfully developed palladium-catalyzed (钯催化) reactions which are widely used in chemistry, yielding plastics, producing thin-screen computer displays and numerous medications, including drugs for fighting cancer, asthma (哮喘) and HIV. Different versions of the reactions already bear the name of each Nobel winner and are pretty familiar tochemistry students around the world.Akira Suzuki Ei-ichi Negishi Richard RobertAndre Geim KonstantinNovoselovpeople in the way can take adequate precautions (预防措施). Satellite images of cloud patterns can be analyzed to estimate peak wind speeds, but the estimates are often way off the mark. Specialized aircraft can fly into a storm to measure the winds directly, but the flights are costly.Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology come up with a third way: listening to a storm underwater.In a paper to be published in Geophysical Research Letters, Nicholas C. Makris and a former graduate student, Joshua D. Wilson, report a strong connection between the intensity(强度) of sound recorded by an undersea microphone in the mid-Atlantic and the wind power of a hurricane that passed over it. They say that such microphones, known as hydrophones, could be a safe and relatively inexpensive means of estimating hurricane force.Dr. Makris and Dr. Wilson, who are now with Applied Physical Sciences Corporation, worked out the theory of underwater acoustic (声音的) monitoring of storms in a 2005 paper. “To be very frank with you, it’s a mystery what makes storms noisy underwater.” Dr. Makris said. The most popular idea currently is that it has something to do with oscillating air bubbles (气泡振动).The researchers then went looking for experimental data to back their theory, and found it from a hydrophone placed at a depth of 2,500 feet by the National Atmospheric and Oceanic Administration. It happened that Hurricane Gert passed over the area in September 1999, and a hurricane-hunter plane directly measured the wind speed at the same time. The hydrophone data showed sound intensity risi ng when the storm’s outside wind “wall” passed over, and again when the inside wall, the most destructive part of the storm near the eye, passed over. “We got a beautiful connection,” Dr. Makris said, “between the hydrophone data and the actual wind speeds as measured by the aircraft.”Dr. Makris is conducting additional experiments, working with the Mexican Navy off the west coast of Mexico. The eventual goal, he said, would be permanent hydrophones in known hurricane zones or temporary ones that could be easily laid by plane or ship in the path of a coming storm.72. Compared with the traditional methods, the new way of measuring is_____.A. more expensiveB. more directC. less dangerousD. less accurate73. Which statement is WRONG according to the article?A. The scientists gained support from different fields.B. Dr. Makris and Dr. Wilson have figured out what makes storms noisy underwater.C. The scientists have found the relationship between the changes of sound intensity and theforce of the hurricane.D. There are several ways for people to forecast the force of the coming hurricane.74. Why is Dr. Makris now making other experiments with the help of the Mexican Navy off thewest coast of Mexico?A. To place permanent hydrophones in some zones.B. To collect more images of cloud patterns.C. To be secure in carrying out their experiments.D. To get more information from the hurricane-hunter planes.75. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Ways to Stop the Destructive Force of a HurricaneB. Connection between the Intensity of Sound and the Wind Power of a HurricaneC. Hydrophones, Safe but Expensive Means of Estimating Hurricane ForceD. Measuring a Hurricane by Sound UnderwaterSection CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.76. Today, the Internet is in a few cars; tomorrow, broadband (宽带) will be in all of them. Any capability a personal computer has, a car will have, including two –way wireless communications for receiving e –mail, music, and movies. When you’re crossing the lonely place, the kids can watch TV if they’re bored. Every pas senger will have a video feed.77.Every car will have a self –driving system linked to GPS satellites. Radarsensors (传感器) will track nearby cars. On the freeway, they’ll slow your car when the car ahead of you slows; in town, they’ll help you park without hitting other cars. At rush hour, you’ll get the routes around traffic jams and accidents. The self –driving system in a car makes it possible for the car to drive itself, though some scientists say that’s 30 to 40 years off.78. Motor vehicles today represent 20 to 30 percent of the world’s energy use. In the near future, a small gasoline engine and an electric motor will be brought together. Drivers will use electricity in a storage battery for short distances. Longer term, cars might burn hydrogen or use a fuel cell that converts a fuel like hydrogen and combines it with oxygen to create power. Then the waste will be pure water.79. You’ll use the voice control: “Make it a bit cooler” or “find me country music”. Lighter, more reliable electronic controls replace mechanical controls. Fiber optics (光纤) replace electrical wires and light bulbs. Seats will be air –conditioned. The car will travel with one side higher than the other when turning, just as an airplane does now.80. Cars will avoid some accidents by maintaining safe following distances, and by sensing sleepy or drunk drivers. Air bags will adapt for every passenger according to their size, weight, and position in case accidents happen.Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.From bankers to factory staff, employees in the west face the bleak prospect (暗淡的前景) of losing their jobs as a global recession (衰退) starts to bite. For colleagues in the East the pain is more likely to come through a pay cut.Human resource experts say cultural differences explain why Asian firms try harder to keep jobs in difficult times, which will stop unemployment and may help keep Asian economies afloat at a time of slowing exports.The East Asian attitude may also make it easier for firms to recover quickly from the economic downturn since they will not need to rehire or train new staff, leaving some experts predicting Western shift to Eastern flexibility.“In the Confucian (儒家的) attitude, the right thing to do is to share the burden. There is the sense of collective responsibility whereas(然而) in the W est, it’s more about the individual survival,” said Michael Benotlel, associate d professor of organizational behavior at Singapore Management University.Steven Pang, Asian Regional Director for Aquent, a headhunting firm, said in many East Asian companies there was a responsibility “ to take care of the members of the family and go through the pain together” even if that meant causing losses.US firms from General Motors to Goldman Sachs plan to lay off workers by the thousand. But at the Asian units of Western multinationals, job cuts will probably be less severe.Japan’s jobless rate was 4 percent in September, up from 3.8 per cent in January, while Hong Kong’s was flat at 3.4 percent. But US unemployment is expected to have jumped to 6.3 percent last month from below 5 percent in January.Experts say that while there are noticeable differences in labor practices in East and West, the gap will narrow as more firms become more multinational and competition forces firms to adopt the best practices of rivals (对手) from abroad.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. What caused the different practices of Asian and Western firms facing the global recession?82. Why is it easier for the East Asian firms to recover quickly from the economic downturn?83. Firms in the west would lay off workers when facing a bleak prospect because of ______.84. ______ will make the differences in East and West less noticeable.第Ⅱ卷（共45分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1、她的责任心值得称道。

上海市高三二模考试英语汇编完型填空题含答案

2012届上海市高三二模英语试卷——完形填空（崇明）It’s hardly surprising that weather is a favorite topic for so many people around the world. It 50 where we choose to live, what we wear, our moods, and perhaps even our national features. A sunny day can lessen the deepest 51 , while very bad weather can destroy homes and threaten lives.The human race has always tried to 52 the weather, especially in areas of the world where there are many changes. Two popular traditional ways of predicting weather use pine cones(松果) and seaweed(海草). When the air has a high level of humidity(湿度), there is a higher chance of rain. When the humidity is low, there is more chance of 53 weather. Pine cones and seaweed feels dry when the humidity is low, 54 high humidity has the opposite effect.Today’s methods of prediction increasingly depend on 55 . Satellites, balloons, ships, aircraft and weather centers with 56 equipments send data to computers. The data is then 57 , and the weather is predicted. However, 58 this system can not predict weather for longer than about a week.A recent study by an Australian scientist suggests that certain people may have a special 59 for predicting weather. However, it is 60 that these people could use their talent in another way, since the same group had a lot of success in predicting changes in another system—the stock market.It 61 that a study of weather may also enable scientists to predict the sudden 62 of a disease. An Ebola epidemic (a kind of disease) in Uganda in the year 2000 came after the same rare 63 conditions that had been present before a sudden spread of the disease 6 years earlier. Efforts to 64 the spread of air-borne diseases such as foot and mouth are also strongly dependent on favorable wind conditions.50. A. shows B. affects C. predicts D. introduces51. A. enjoyment B. sadness C. excitement D. laziness52. A. guess B. use C. change D. improve53. A. windy B. bad C. fine D. cold54. A. when B. while C. although D. as55. A. industry B. intelligence C. technology D. people56. A. monitoring B. predicting C. shaping D. moving57. A. used B. processed C. taught D. answered58. A. also B. still C. only D. even59. A. gift B. concern C. application D. liking60. A. necessary B. easy C. unique D. possible61. A. happens B. occurs C. appears D. estimates62. A. start B. shift C. cure D. crash63. A. living B. working C. health D. weather64. A. encourage B. quicken C. limit D. shorten50. B 51. B 52. A 53. C 54. B 55. C 56. A 57. B 58. D 59. A 60. D 61. C 62. A 63. D 64. C（奉贤）Is language, like food, a basic human need without which a child at a critical period of life can be 50 and damaged? Judging from an experiment in the thirteenth century, it may be. Hoping to discover what language a child would speak if a baby heard no mother 51 , the experimenter told the nurses to keep silent.All the 52 died before the first year. But clearly there was more than lack of language here. What was missing was good mothering. Without good mothering, in the first year of life53 , the capacity to survive is seriously affected.Today no such severe lack exists as that ordered by the experimenter. 54 , some children are still backward in speaking. Most often the reason for this is that the mother is 55 to the signals of the infant, whose brain is programmed to learn language rapidly. If these sensitive periods are neglected, the ideal time for 56 skills passes and they might never be learned so easily again. A bird learns to sing and to fly rapidly at right time, but the process is slow and hard once the 57 stage has passed.Experts suggest that speech stages are reached in a fixed sequence and at a 58 age, but there are cases where speech has started 59 in a child who eventually turns out to be of high IQ. At twelve weeks a baby smiles and makes vowel-like sounds; at twelve months he can speak simple words and understand simple 60 ; at eighteen months he has a vocabulary of three to fifty words. At three he knows about 1,000 words which he can put into sentences, and at four his language differs from that of his parents in style 61 grammar.Recent evidence suggests that an infant is born with the 62 to speak. What is special about man’s brain, compared with that of the monkey, is the complex syst em which enables a child to 63 the sight and feel of, say, a toy-bear with the sound pattern “toy –bear”. And even more 64 is the young brain’s ability to pick out an order in language from the mixture of sound around him, to analyse, to combine and recombine the parts of a language in new ways.50.A. constructed B. starved C. spoiled D. exhausted51.A. sound B. singing C. educating D. tongue52.A. parents B. care-takers C. infants D. investigators53.A. randomly B. originally C. greatly D. especially54.A. Consequently B. Nevertheless C. Theoretically D. Fortunately55.A. unfamiliar B. inaccessible C. insensitive D. unaccustomed56.A. acquiring B. practising C. occupying D. seizing57.A. critical B. temporary C. contemporary D. reasonable58.A. pleasing B. troublesome C. flexible D. constant59.A. last B. late C. early D. lately60.A. commands B. necessities C. resolutions D. directions61.A. or rather B. or else C. other than D. rather than62.A. inspiration B. passion C. creativity D. capacity63.A. justify B. connect C. oblige D. devote64.A. unpredictable B. unbelievable C. uncountable D. unbearable 50—54 BDCDB 55—59 CAADB 60—64 ADDBB(虹口)The past 20 years have produced great advances in technology and communications. 50, people throughout the world have become ever more connected. The 51link between the nations and people of the world is called globalization. It is a 52that has changed ways of life around the world.Perhaps the biggest change in this process is the effect of globalization on commerce. In an effort to build a 53economy, most nations of the world have embraced(拥抱) free trade. Free trade removes certain limits imposed (强加) on global commerce to make it easier for nations to exchange goods with one another. A 54aim of this process is to aid poor nations and thus reduce 55. Globalization has indeed increased trade throughout the world, but experts disagree about its effect on the poor.The debate about recent trends in global commerce is complex. Those 56free trade in the global market point out that competition lowers prices. Its critics argue that, without controls, such a system often harms poor nations. To some extent, both are 57. For example, in Jamaica, a country which imported milk from the United States and the 58milk was cheaper than local milk, more poor people could drink milk and improve their nutrition. At the same time, the cheaper milk put 59dairy farmers out of business. Perhaps this program caused as much harm as 60 .Those who support free trade in the global market do so for a number of reasons. Studies show that when a poor nation begins trading on the global level, it gains certain 61. Its economy grows rapidly. Multinational companies set up factories, 62jobs for people. Supporters claim that these factors reduce poverty and lessen the gap between the richest and poorest nations. They believe that the globalizing trend benefits the poor.Critics of unrestricted free trade question these conclusions. Although they 63that the global market can offer growth and jobs to poor nations, they doubt that it reduces poverty. In fact, they cite(引述) studies which show that poverty has increased as a result of the global market.64, the gap between rich and poor nations is growing.Regardless of which side they are on, most experts believe that globalization has great potential to aid the poor. Both sides need to find a way to make it work.50. A. In conclusion B. In particular C. As a result D. On the contrary51. A. growing B. starting C. moving D. reducing52. A. culture B. trend C. belief D. potential53. A. regional B. national C. practical D. global54. A. steadier B. further C. tougher D. stricter55. A. profit B. conflict C. poverty D. expense56. A. attracting B. altering C. opposing D. supporting57. A. correct B. inevitable C. necessary D. effective58. A. required B. produced C. imported D. exported59. A. economical B. local C. traditional D. social60. A. sacrifice B. satisfaction C. convenience D. good61. A. benefits B. varieties C. opportunities D. budgets62. A. influencing B. arranging C. providing D. applying63. A. ensure B. assume C. argue D. agree64. A. In addition B. First of all C. In that case D. On average50-64: CABDB CDACB DACDA(黄浦、嘉定)When I became an amputee at age 29, I was forced to rethink the idea of physical perfection. My life became different, as I changed from an acceptably attractive woman to an object of pity and __50__.Too busy __51__ physical pain and obvious mobility limitation, I was not aware of this change at first. I was determined to __52__, feeling good about the progress I had made, as I moved forward.__53__, as I made my first excursion outside the hospital, society had already assigned me a new status. Happy to be free of my restriction in the hospital, I rolled through the shopping mall – a __54__ survivor, feeling like a war hero. Unfortunately, I had a rude __55__ as I discovered that others did not view me in the way I had come to view myself.All eyes were upon me, yet no one dared to make eye contact. Their efforts to __56__ my eyes forced me to realize they saw only my missing legs. Mothers __57__ held their children closer as I passed. Elderly women patted me on the head saying, “God Bless You!” with __58__ in their eyes.While I sat thinking about what had happened, a small girl came up to me. She stared with unembarrassed __59__ at the empty pants. Finding nothing there, she looked up at me with a puzzled look, she innocently asked, “Lady, where did your legs go?”I explained that my legs had been sick. Since my legs hadn’t been strong and healthy like hers, the doctors had to __60__ them. Leaning her head upwards, she asked, “Did they go to ‘Leg Heaven’?”That incident made me think about how __61__ children and adults react to the unknown. To a child, an odd appearance is an interesting curiosity and a __62__ learning experience while adults often view the same thing with fear and horror. I began to realize that, I, too had been __63__ of the same inappropriate reactions before I knew what life was like for an amputee.To fulfill the wholeness of my mind and spirit, I now smile warmly, make eye contact, and speak in a confident manner. By using a __64__ approach, I attempt to enlighten society about the fact that having a not-so-perfect body doesn’t mean having a poor quality of life.50. A. comfort B. fear C. hatred D. sadness51. A. crying with B. figuring out C. holding back D. dealing with52. A. endure B. quit C. revenge D. succeed53. A. Instead B. Moreover C. However D. Therefore54. A. calm B. poor C. proud D. rare55. A. awakening B. ending C. happening D. proceeding56. A. turn B. hold C. catch D. avoid57. A. softly B. protectively C. reluctantly D. pleasantly58. A. pity B. anger C. depression D. upset59. A. curiosity B. determination C. enthusiasm D.satisfaction60. A. lose B. adjust C. remove D. stretch61. A. differently B. positively C. strangely D. sympathetically62. A. painful B. potential C. similar D. common63. A. conscious B. guilty C. ignorant D. short64. A. creative B. flexible C. positive D. scientific50—54 BDDCC 55—59 ADBAA 60—64 CABBC（静安、杨浦、宝山、青浦）During the initial stages of instructed L2 (the second language) acquisition students learn a couple thousand, mainly high frequency words. Functional language proficiency, however, __50__ mastery of a considerably large number of words. It is therefore __51__ at the intermediate and advanced stages of language acquisition to learn a large vocabulary in a short period of time. There is not enough time to __52__ the natural (largely incidental) L1 (the first language) word acquisition process. Incidental acquisition of the words is only possible up to a point, __53__, on account oftheir low frequency, they do not __54__ often enough in the L2 learning material.Acquisition of new words from authentic L2 reading texts by means of strategies such as contextual deduction(演绎) is also not a __55__ for a number of reasons. There appears to be no __56__to intentional learning of a great many new words in a relatively short period of time. The words to be learned may be __57__ in isolation or in context. Presentation in bilingual（双语的）word lists seems an __58__ shortcut because it takes less time than contextual presentation and yields excellent short term results. Long term memory, __59__, is often disappointing so contextual presentation seems advisable.Any suggestions on how to use this in educational contexts should be based on a systematic __60__ of the two most important aspects of the L2 word learning problem, this is to say, selecting the relevant vocabulary (which and how many words) and creating the best conditions for the acquisition process. This article sets out to __61__a computer assisted word acquisition programme (CAVOCA) which tries to do exactly this: the programme operationalises current theoretical thinking about word acquisition, and its __62__ are based on a systematic list of the vocabulary relevant for the target group. To __63__its frequency, the programme was __64__ in a number of experimental settings with a paired associated method of learning new words. The experimental results suggest that an approach combining the two methods is most advisable.50. A. inquires B. requires C. receives D. inspires51. A. difficult B. easy C. possible D. necessary52. A. copy B. focus C. find D. clean53. A. however B. moreover C. because D. nevertheless54. A. disturb B. seem C. occur D. disappear55. A. solution B. approach C. problem D. wonder56. A. official B. annual C. objective D. alternative57. A. predicted B. presented C. postponed D. preferred58. A. available B. outstanding C. attractive D. evident59. A. by means of B. moreover C. in spite of D. however60. A. focus B. analysis C. object D. target61. A. describe B. grasp C. link D. force62. A. conclusions B. appointments C. aspects D. contents63. A. react B. establish C. memorize D. leave64. A. enhanced B. invented C. contrasted D. behaved50—54 BDACC 55—59 ADBCD 60—64 BADBC（闵行）In business, there is a speed difference: It’s the difference between how important a firm’s leaders say speed is to their competitive strategy (策略) and how fast the company actually moves. The difference is important 50 industry and company size. Companies fearful of losing their competitive advantage spend much time and money looking for ways to pick up the 51 .In our study of 343 businesses, the companies that chose to go, go, go to try to gain an edge ended with lower sales and operating income than those that 52 at key moments to makesure they were on the right 53 . What’s more, the firms that “slowed down to54 ”improved their top and bottom lines, averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating income over a three-year period.How did they 55 the laws of business, taking more time than competitors yet performing better? They thought 56 about what “slower” and “faster” mean. Firms sometimes 57 to understand the difference between operation speed (moving quickly) and strategic speed (reducing the time it takes to deliver value). Simply increasing the speed of production, for example, may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference. But that often leads to reduced value over time, in the form of lower-quality products and services.In our study, higher performing companies with strategic speed always made changes when it is 58 . They became more 59 to idea and discussion. They encouraged new ways of thinking. And they allowed time to look and learn. 60 , performance suffered at firms that moved fast all the time, paid too much attention to improving 61 , stuck to tested methods, didn’t develop team spirit among their employees, and had little time thinking about 62 .Strategic speed 63 a kind of leadership. Teams that 64 take time to get things right are more successful in meeting their business goals. That kind of strategy must come from the top.50. A. according to B. regardless of C. due to D. instead of51. A. profit B. product C. speed D. method52. A. paused B. developed C. persevered D. engaged53. A. situation B. track C. occasion D. duty54. A. look on B. keep up C. hold back D. speed up55. A. learn B. discover C. disobey D. prefer56. A. strangely B. abstractly C. entirely D. differently57. A. fail B. attempt C. pretend D. desire58. A. convenient B. necessary C. emergent D. incredible59. A. alert B. restless C. open D. specific60. A. In short B. By contrast C. Above all D. All in all61. A. welfare B. technology C. efficiency D. condition62. A. qualities B. standards C. competitors D. changes63. A. serves as B. stands for C. refers to D. deals with64. A. temporarily B. extensively C. naturally D. regularly50. B 51. C 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. C 56. D 57. A 58. B 59. C 60. B 61. C 62. D 63. A 64. D(浦东)We must face the fact that there are many aspects of the information age. All information makes us anxious. Over some of these, we have little or no control. On the other hand, there are steps we can take to eliminate much of 50 . We might say, then, that survival in the information age is a challenging yet 51 task.To some extent, we are all receivers and givers of information. Our brain, however, receives and processes information in different ways. One way involves the amazing capacity of the brain to process information subconsciously.Another way involves 52 processing of information such as during conversation. Wehave a great deal of control over this type of information processing --- both as givers and receivers. If we indulge (任凭) ourselves talking about tiny things or even harmful information, valuable time and 53 can be wasted. Meanwhile this can make us and others anxious. You may lose opportunities to absorb and distribute information that is truly useful for 54 in this troubled world.Information gathered by reading is processed consciously and 55 takes longest. The written word is still the most powerful way of 56 imagination and conveying information, ideas, and concept.How can we 57 so much information from various sources, such as reading material, TV program, computer games, and other 58 activities? The answer is screening. Screening, sorting out or prioritizing what we need to hear, see, say or read may 59 much information anxiety.To cut through confusing information, 60 this basic rule: Keep it simple! The secret to processing information is narrowing your 61 of information. Simplicity is 62 in many Asian cultures and is even recognized in Western cultures as a superior way of living. Writer Duane Elgin 63 , “To live more simp ly is to live more purposefully and with a 64 of needless distraction.”50. A. anxiety B. trouble C. interest D. curiosity51. A. donating B. accomplishing C. rewarding D. searching52. A. sensitive B. conscious C. unconscious D. reasonable53. A. health B. wealth C. power D. energy54. A. expanding B. surviving C. stretching D. bearing55. A. hence B. however C. still D. yet56. A. cooperating B. finding C. stimulating D. removing57. A. think of B. deal with C. do with D. rule over58. A. considerate B. professional C. humorous D. recreational59. A. get rid of B. bring about C. break into D. come to60. A. catch B. apply C. abandon D. offer61. A. rank B. limit C. field D. lane62. A. received B. supplied C. labeled D. recommended63. A. opposed B. stated C. declined D. offered64. A. minimum B. maximum C. quantity D. presence50--64. ACBDB ACBDA BCDBA（普陀）One student skipped class and then sent the professor an e-mail（50）______for copies of her teaching notes.Another（51）______that she was late for a Monday class because she was recovering from drinking too much at a wild weekend party.At colleges and universities in the US, e-mail has made professors more approachable(平易近人).But many say it has made them too accessible,（52）______boundaries that traditionally kept students at a healthy distance.These days, professors say, students seem to view them as available（53）______the clock, sending a steady stream of informal e-mails.“The tone that they take in e-mails is pretty astounding(令人吃惊的),”said Michael Kessler, an assistant dean at Georgetown University.“They’ll（54）______you to help:‘I need to know this.’”“There’s a fine（55）______between meeting their needs and at the same time maintaining a level of legitimacy(正统性)as an （56）______who is in charge.”Christopher Dede, a professor at the Harvard Graduate School of Education, said（57）______show that students no longer defer to(听从)their professors, perhaps because they realize that professors’（58）______could rapidly become outdated.“The deference (听从)was driven by the （59）______that professors were all-knowing sources of deep knowledge,”Dede said, and that notion has（60）______.For junior faculty members(全体教师),e-mails bring new tension into their work, some say, as they struggle with how to（61）______.Their job prospects, they realize, may rest in part on(依赖) student evaluations of their accessibility.College students say e-mail makes（62）______easier to ask questions and helps them learn. But they seem unaware that what they write in e-mails could have negative effects（63）______them, said Alexandra Lahav, and associate professor of Law at the University of Connecticut. She recalled an e-mail message from a student saying that he planned to miss class so he could play with his son. Professor Lahav did not respond.“Such e-mails can have consequences,”she said. “Students don’t understand that （64）______they say in e-mail can make them seem unprofessional, and could result in a bad recommendation.”50. A. providing B. offering C. supplying D. asking51. A. complained B. argued C. explained D. believed52. A. removing B. moving C. putting D. placing53. A. about B. around C. at D. from54. A. control B. shout C. order D. make55. A. requirement B. contradiction C. tension D. balance56. A. teacher B. instructor C. lecturer D. professor57. A. e-mails B. passages C. texts D. books58. A. technology B. expertise C. science D. imagination59. A. tradition B. sense C. notion D. meaning60. A. strengthened B. weakened C. reinforced D. consolidated61. A. ask B. question C. respond D. request62. A. him B. her C. you D. it63. A. on B. against C. in D. about64. A. this B. which C. that D. what50---64 DCABC DBABC BCDA D（徐汇、金山）Today, there are many avenues open to those who wish to continue their education. However, nearly all require some __(50)__ in one’s career in order to attend school full time. Part-time education, that is, attending school at night or for one weekend a month, tends to drag the __(51)__out over time and puts the completion of a degree program out of reach of many people. __(52)__, such programs require a fixed time commitment which can also impact __(53)__ on one’s career and family time.Of the many __(54)__ to teaching and learning, however, perhaps the most flexible and accommodating is that called distance learning. Distance learning is an educational method, which allows the students the __(55)__ to study at his or her own pace to achieve the __(56)__ goals, which are so necessary in today’s world. The time required to study may be set aside at the student’s convenience with due __(57)__ to all life’s other requirements. Besides, the s tudent may __(58)__ in distance learning courses from virtually any place in the world, while continuing to pursue their chosen career. Tutorial assistance may be __(59)__through regular airmail, telephone, fax machine, teleconferencing and over the Internet.Good distance learning programs are characterized by the inclusion of a subject __(60)__ tool with every subject. This precludes（排除）the requirement for a student to travel away from home to take a test. Another characteristic of a good distance-learning program is the __(61)__ of the distance-learning course with the same subject materials as those students taking the course on the home campus. The resultant diploma or degree should also be the same whether distance learning or on-campus study is employed.In the final analysis, a good distance learning program has a place not only for the __(62)__ students but also the corporation or business that wants to work in partnership with their employees for the educational benefit, professional development, and business growth of the organization. __(63)__ distance learning programs for their employees gives the business the advantage of retaining（保留）career-minded people while __(64)__to their personal and professional growth through education.50. A. experience B. break C. interest D. change51. A. process B. progress C. property D. possibility52. A. Surprisingly B. Additionally C. Fortunately D. Traditionally53. A. appropriately B. reasonably C. negatively D. favorably54. A. complaints B. attitudes C. difficulties D. approaches55. A. individuality B. responsibility C. flexibility D. visibility56. A. professional B. academic C. relevant D. separate57. A. desire B. ability C. regard D. account58. A. enroll B. evolve C. enclose D. emerge59. A. adequate B. vacant C. available D. reliable60. A. registration B. participation C. investigation D. evaluation61. A. demonstration B. equivalence C. combination D. qualification62. A. distinguished B. outstanding C. independent D. individual63. A. Sponsoring B. Requiring C. Indicating D. Protesting64. A. objecting B. responding C. contributing D. addingSection A 50-54 BABCD 55-59 CBCAC 60-64 DBDAC（杨浦1.5）The Human Development Report, published annually since 1990, seeks to 50 "human development" around the world and calculates a "Human Development Index" (HDI人类发展指数) for 169 countries. The HDI is 51 on average income, life expectancy, and level of education.52 , rich countries tend to have higher HDIs than poor countries, but there are interesting 53 in human development among countries with similar levels of economic development, becausesome have better health and education systems than others!Almost every country in the world has a higher HDI than in 1990, despite the fact that since the 2008 financial crisis the total number of people living in extreme 54 has increased. The report Concludes that most people are healthier, live longer, are more 55 , — and that even in countries with severe economic problems, people's health and education have generally 56 . Although sub-Saharan African countries are at the bottom of the pile 57 human development, some of them have made significant progress since 1990. The report is 58 , however, of the fact that economic inequality has increased significantly in the last twenty years, both within and between countries.The greatest threat to HDI in the future, according to the report, is climate change. The way to increase average income in a country is through economic growth, which means increased production and 59 . However, if this 60 to greater emissions (排放) of greenhouse gases, as has always been the case in the past, global warming will probably go faster, causing severe environmental problems in some parts of the world that will 61 the livelihoods of huge numbers of people. The progress of the last twenty years, 62 , might not be sustainable (可持续的).The only solution, according to the report, is to break the 63 between economic growth and greenhouse gas emissions — which, 64 to say, is easier said than done.50. A. judge B. investigate C. assess D. justify51. A. based B. focused C. keen D. reflected52. A. Unexpectedly B. Unwillingly C. Unfortunately D. Unsurprisingly53. A. variations B. experiments C. signs D. mixtures54. A. cruelty B. poverty C. emotion D. terror55. A. talented B. disadvantaged C. determined D. educated56. A. infected B. ignored C. improved D. impressed57. A. to the extent of B. on account of C. for the sake of D. in terms of58. A. critical B. proud C. fond D. independent59. A. administration B. consumption C. application D. concentration60. A. objects B. sticks C. leads D. turns61. A. threaten B. maintain C. concern D. guarantee62. A. therefore B. however C. otherwise D. nevertheless63. A. gap B. record C. law D. link64. A. fearless B. needless C. careless D. hopelessCloze50-64 CADAB DCDAB CAADB（闸北）Each stage of life has different major demands mainly because our needs change. As children, a period of deep uncertainty and sensitivity, 50 and family are the top needs although we may not think of them in those terms. As teenagers, we are 51 the waters of adult life, preparing ourselves for the exciting unknown and as young adults we search for a 52 . The drive to fulfil each stage is so strong that sometimes we have to hold the breath to 53 .At each stage, although everyone may 54 in dreams, we will all try to take hold of the means to achieve our particular dreams. Some will be driven with almost tunnel vision, others take。

上海市闵行区2012届高三英语二模试卷（含答案及听力文字）

第 1 页共 17 页闵行区2011学年第二学期高三年级质量调研考试英语试卷考生注意：1. 答卷前，考生务必在答题纸上将学校、姓名及准考证号填写清楚，并在规定的区域内填涂。

答题时客观题用2B 铅笔按要求涂写，主观题用黑色水笔填写。

2. 本试卷分为第I 卷和第II 卷，共12页。

满分150分，考试时间120分钟。

3. 考试后只交答题纸，试卷由考生自己保留。

第I 卷 (共105分) I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about about it, it, it, read read read the the the four four four possible possible possible answers answers answers on on on your your your paper, paper, paper, and and and decide decide decide which which which one one one is is is the the the best best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Next Saturday. B. Next Tuesday. C. Next Friday. D. Next Sunday. 2. A. In a bookstore. B. In a library. C. In a bank. D. In a post office. 3. A. A manager and a customer. B. An employer and an employee. C. A professor and a student. D. An examiner and an examinee. 4. A. Tim ’s excellent performance. B. Tim’s assignment. C. Tim ’s graduation day. D. Tim ’s study habits. 5. A. To a hotel. B. To a restaurant. C. To a training class. D. To the train station. 6. A. An artist. B . A painter. C. A journalist. D. An architect. 7. A. To quit basketball. B. To go on playing basketball in spite of the failure. C. To give the reason for giving up basketball. D. To take part in another game. 8. A. They are looking for an apartment. B. The man does not like his bedroom. C. The woman enjoys shopping for clothes. D. They have just moved into an apartment. 9. A. She will decide later. B. She doesn’t care for either. C. She doesn ’t want to go out. D. She wants the man to decide. 10. 10. A. Her car is close-by. A. Her car is close-by. B. She lives far away. C. She has a new car. D. She wants the man to walk with her. 第 2 页共 17 页Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked threequestions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. 11. A. She explained the functions of the BCD International. A. She explained the functions of the BCD International. B. She described some popular singers. C. She introduced the radio program to listeners. D. She played a new record. 12. 12. A. About the Big Hits. A. About the Big Hits. B. The History of Pop. C. The Road to Music. D. Pop Words. 13. 13. A. To introduce new singers and songwriters. A. To introduce new singers and songwriters. B. To provide the background with music. C. To help to understand the words to the big music hits. D. To hear from listeners ’ opinions on music. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. 14. A. They want to learn the basics of English. A. They want to learn the basics of English. B. They benefit from learning general English skills. C. They want to have an up-to-date knowledge of English. D. They know clearly what they want to learn. 15. 15. A. Doctors. A. Doctors. B. Businessmen. C. Reporters. D. Lawyers. 16. 16. A. Three groups of learners. A. Three groups of learners. B. The importance of business English. C. English for Specific Purposes. D. Features of English for different purposes. Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONEWORD for each answer. How long have the Kramers been on vacation? For a (17)_________. Who did David invite for the dinner? Some of the Kramers ’ friends and (18)____. Why does David want to have the dinner party? To thank the Kramers for their (19) ______. What does Nancy think of David? He is (20)_________. 第 3 页共 17 页 Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDSfor each answer. What job does the woman suggest to the man? (21)_________________. What did Boris do for Mr. Alexander? (22)_________________. Where Where can can can the the the man man man ask ask ask for for for help help help according according according to to to the the woman? The (23)_________________. What What else else else does does does the the the applicant applicant applicant have have have to to to do do do besides besides filling out an application form? (24)_________________ (24)_________________ and and and provide provide three references. II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B. C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. 25. This This kind kind of of of mistake, mistake, mistake, strange strange strange as as as it it it appears, appears, appears, is is is quite quite quite common common common ______ ______ ______ young young young English English beginners. A. within B. about C. among D. beyond 26. – May I smoke here? – If you _____, that ’s the smoking section over there. A. should B. must C. may D. could 27. 27. The temperature will fall sharply the day after tomorrow, when a snowstorm ______ to The temperature will fall sharply the day after tomorrow, when a snowstorm ______ to strike this area. A. expects B. is expected C. has expected D. will be expected 28. Several measures had been tried out to improve the traffic situation, yet ______ of them seemed to work well. A. none B. both C. all D. either 29. 29. If there were no such serious pollutions, people would live ________ life in the world. If there were no such serious pollutions, people would live ________ life in the world. A. the most healthy B. more healthy a C. much a healthy D. a more healthy 30. 30. We firmly believe that the project, if ______ according to the plan, will definitely work We firmly believe that the project, if ______ according to the plan, will definitely work out well. A. carrying out B. being carried out C. carried out D. to be carried out 31. 31. Don Don’t answer any e-mails ______ your private information, however official they look. A. requesting B. to request C. requested D. having requested 32. 32. The man denied ______ anything at the supermarket when questioned by the police. The man denied ______ anything at the supermarket when questioned by the police. A. to have stolen B. to be stealing C. having stolen D. to steal 33. 33. What What people people learned learned learned from from China Got Talented was was that that that there there there were were were so so so many many many talented talented people out there waiting ______ A. to discover B. to be discovered C. discovered D. being discovered 第 4 页共 17 页 34. 34. Can you think of some cases ______ drivers obviously knew the traffic rules but didn Can you think of some cases ______ drivers obviously knew the traffic rules but didn’t obey them? A. why B. as C. where D. which 35. 35. The The school school rules rules rules state state state that no that no child child shall shall shall be be be allowed allowed allowed out out out of of of the the the school school school dating dating dating the day, the day, ______ accompanied by an adult. A. once B. when C. if D. unless 36. 36. The manager seems never to be satisfied with ______the company has achieved. The manager seems never to be satisfied with ______the company has achieved. A. what B. which C. that D . how 37. 37. When it comes to mental health, the fact is sometimes neglected ______ more and more When it comes to mental health, the fact is sometimes neglected ______ more and more teachers are under great pressure. A. which B. since C. whether D. that 38. I ’m puzzled why he ______ back to me. He should have heard from me. A. hasn ’t written B. didn ’t write C. doesn ’t write D. hasn’t been writing 39. 39. You You ’d like to have an annual vacation after the project is completed, ______? A. had you B. hadn ’t you C. would you D. wouldn ’t you 40. 40. What we have to admit is that never before ______ experienced such great changes. What we have to admit is that never before ______ experienced such great changes. A. had the city B. has the city C. the city has D. the city had Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. employed B. possessions C. unprotected D. particularly E. admit F. identify G . limited H. non-existent I. consequently J. opportunities Historically, the traditional role of women of all classes in Britain had been confined (限制) to that of mother in the home. Single and childless women 41 had an uncomfortable and difficult time. The majority of women had no voting or political rights until 1928, and for centuries centuries wives wives wives and and and their their their property property property had had had been been been the the the legal legal 42 of of their their their husbands. husbands. husbands. Formal Formal education for women was thought to be unnecessary for their role in life, and was 43 for the majority. The female position in society became a little better in some respects towards the end of the nineteenth century, but was still very 44 . However, elementary education for all was established and a few institutions of higher education began to 45 women in restricted numbers. Since the 1960’s, women in Britain have been fighting for greater equality with men in job 46 and rates of pay. Various laws from the 1970’s to the present have been made. In spite spite of of of all all all these, these, these, men men men remain remain remain better better better paid paid paid than than than women women women in in in many many many occupations, occupations, 47 in industry. Women constitute (构成) ) nearly nearly nearly half half half the the the national national national workforce, workforce, workforce, there there there are are are more more employed employed married married married women women women in in in Britain Britain Britain than than than in in in any any any other other other European European European Community Community Community country, country, country, and and 第 5 页共 17 页 some some 60 60 60 percent percent percent of of of wives wives wives are are are now now 48 compared compared with with with 22 22 22 percent percent percent in in in 1951. 1951. 1951. But But But their their average weekly wage is still only 70 percent of the average paid to men. This is true of both the the manufacturing manufacturing manufacturing trades trades trades and and and the the the service service service industries. industries. industries. As As As a a a result, result, result, the the the majority majority majority of of of female female workers are badly paid and often 49 by the trade unions or the law. III. Reading comprehension:Section ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In In business, business, business, there there there is is is a a a speed speed speed difference: difference: difference: It It It’’s s the the the difference difference difference between between between how how how important important important a a firm firm’’s s leaders leaders leaders say say say speed speed speed is is is to to to their their their competitive competitive strategy (策略) ) and and and how how how fast fast fast the the the company company actually moves. The difference is important 50 industry and company size. Companies fearful of losing their competitive advantage spend much time and money looking for ways to pick up the 51 . In our study of 343 businesses, the companies that chose to go, go, go to try to gain an edge ended with lower sales and operating income than those that 52 at key moments to make sure they were on the right 53 . What What’’s more, the firms that “slowed downto 54 ” improved improved their their their top top top and and and bottom bottom bottom lines, lines, lines, averaging averaging averaging 40% 40% 40% higher higher higher sales sales sales and and and 52% 52% 52% higher higher operating income over a three-year period. How How did did did they they 55 the the laws laws laws of of of business, business, business, taking taking taking more more more time time time than than than competitors competitors competitors yet yet performing performing better? better? better? They They They thought thought 56 about about what what what ““slower slower”” and and ““faster faster”” mean. mean. Firms Firms sometimes 57 to to understand understand understand the the the difference difference difference between between between operation operation operation speed speed speed (moving (moving (moving quickly) quickly) and strategic speed (reducing the time it takes to deliver value). Simply increasing the speed of production, for example, may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference. But that often leads to reduced value over time, in the form of lower-quality products and services. In In our our our study, study, study, higher higher higher performing performing performing companies companies companies with with with strategic strategic strategic speed speed speed always always always made made made changes changes when it is 58 . They became more 59 to idea and discussion. They encouraged new ways of thinking. And they allowed time to look and learn. 60 , performance suffered at firms firms that that that moved moved moved fast fast fast all all all the the the time, time, time, paid paid paid too too too much much much attention attention attention to to to improving improving 61 , , stuck stuck stuck to to tested methods, didn ’t develop team spirit among their employees, and had little time thinking about 62 . Strategic speed 63 a kind of leadership. Teams that 64 take time to get things right right are are are more more more successful successful successful in in in meeting meeting meeting their their their business business business goals. goals. goals. That That That kind of kind of strategy strategy must must must come come from the top. 50. 50. A. according to A. according to B. regardless of C. due to D. instead of 51. 51. A. profit A. profit B . product C. speed D. method 52. 52. A. paused A. paused B. developed C. persevered D. engaged 53. 53. A. situation A. situation B. track C. occasion D. duty 54. 54. A. look on A. look on B. keep up C. hold back D. speed up 55. 55. A. learn A. learn B. discover C. disobey D. prefer 第 6 页共 17 页56. A. strangely B. abstractly C. entirely D. differently 57. 57. A. fait A. fait B. attempt C. pretend D. desire 58. 58. A. convenient A. convenient B. necessary C. emergent D. incredible 59. 59. A. alert A. alert B. restless C. open D. specific 60. 60. A. In short A. In short B. By contrast C. Above all D. All in all 61. 61. A. welfare A. welfare B. technology C. efficiency D. condition 62. 62. A. qualities A. qualities B. standards C. competitors D. changes 63. 63. A. serves as A. serves as B. stands for C. refers to D. deals with 64. 64. A. temporarily A. temporarily B. extensively C. naturally D. regularly Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by severalquestions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)T his his book book book is is is designed designed designed to to to help help help you you you improve improve improve your your your reading reading reading comprehension comprehension comprehension skills skills skills by by studying studying 20 20 20 minutes minutes minutes a a a day day day for for for 20 20 20 days. days. days. Y Y ou ’ll ll start start start with with with the the the basics basics basics and and and move move move on on on to to to more more complex complex reading reading reading comprehension comprehension comprehension and and and critical critical critical thinking thinking thinking strategies. strategies. strategies. Please Please Please note note note that that that although although each each chapter chapter chapter can can can be be be an an an effective effective effective skill skill skill builder builder builder on on on its its its own, own, own, it it it is is is important important important that that that you you you proceed proceed through this book in order, from Lesson I through Lesson 20. Each lesson builds on skills and ideas ideas discussed discussed discussed in in in the previous the previous chapters. As you you move move move through through through this this book book and and and your your your reading reading skills develop, the passages you read will increase both in length and in complexity. The book begins with a pretest, which will allow you to see how well you can answer various various kinds kinds kinds of of of reading reading reading comprehension comprehension comprehension questions questions questions now, now, now, as as as you you you begin. begin. begin. When When When you you you finish finish finish the the book, take the posttest to see how much you ’ve improved. The The text text text is is is divided divided divided into into into four four four sections, sections, sections, each each each focusing focusing focusing on on on a a a different different different group group group of of of related related reading reading and and and thinking thinking thinking strategies. strategies. strategies. These These These strategies strategies strategies will will will be be be outlined outlined outlined at at at the the the beginning beginning beginning of of of each each section and then reviewed in a special “putting it all together ” final lesson. Each lesson provides several exercises that allow you to practice the skills you learn. To ensure you ’re on the right track, each lesson also provides answers and explanations for all of the the practice practice practice questions. questions. questions. Additionally, Additionally, Additionally, you you you will will will find find find practical practical practical suggestions suggestions suggestions in in in each each each chapter chapter chapter for for how to continue practicing these skills in your daily life. The The most most most important important important thing thing thing you you you can can can do do do to to to improve improve improve your your your reading reading reading skills skills skills is is is to to to become become become an an active active reader. reader. reader. The The The following following following guidelines guidelines guidelines and and and suggestions suggestions suggestions outlined outlined outlined will will will familiarize familiarize familiarize you you you with with active reading techniques. Use these techniques as much as possible as you work your way through the lessons in this book. 第 7 页共 17 页65. 65. According to the passage, the pretest aims to __________. According to the passage, the pretest aims to __________. A. tell you where your starting level is B. arouse your interest in using the book C. illustrate the structure of the text D. introduce the test-taking techniques 66. 66. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? A. Each chapter has an internal relationship with the previous chapter. B. The texts are arranged in the order of length and complexity. C. Different reading strategies are listed at the beginning of each section. D. The author suggests using the book selectively according to readers’ level. 67. 67. What is the author most likely to talk about in the following paragraph? What is the author most likely to talk about in the following paragraph? A. The function of each chapter. B. The outline of each section. C. The ways to be an active reader. D. The guidelines in using the book. (B)The canopy, the upper level of the trees in the rain forest, holds too much of climbing mammals (哺乳动物哺乳动物) of moderately large size, which may include monkeys, cats, civets, and porcupines. Smaller species, including such as nice and small squirrels, are not as common overall in high tropical canopies as they are in most habitats globally. Small Small mammals, mammals, mammals, being being being warm warm warm blooded, blooded, blooded, suffer suffer suffer hardship hardship hardship in in in the the the exposed exposed exposed and and and uncertain uncertain environment of the uppermost trees. Because a small body has more surface area per unit of weight than a large one of similar shape, it gains or loses heat more rapidly. Thus, in the trees, where where protection protection protection from from from heat heat heat and and and cold cold cold may may may be be be scarce scarce scarce and and and conditions conditions conditions may may may be be be changeable, changeable, changeable, a a small mammal may have trouble maintaining its body temperature. Small size makes it easy to scramble among twigs (嫩枝嫩枝) and branches in the canopy for insects, insects, flowers, flowers, flowers, or or or fruit, fruit, fruit, but but but small small small mammals mammals mammals are are are defeated, defeated, defeated, in in in the the the competition competition competition for for for food, food, food, by by large ones that have their own strategies for browsing among food-rich twigs. The weight of an an ape ape ape hanging hanging hanging below below below a a a branch branch branch draws draws draws the the the leaves leaves leaves down down down so so so that that that fruit-bearing fruit-bearing fruit-bearing leaves leaves leaves drop drop toward the ape ’s face. Walking or leaping species of a similar or even larger size access the outer outer twigs twigs twigs either either either by by by breaking breaking breaking and and and gaining gaining gaining the the the whole whole whole branch branch branch or or or by by by catching catching catching hold hold hold of of of hard hard branches with the feet or tail and picking food with their hands. Small climbing animals may reach twigs readily, but it is harder for them than for large climbing climbing animals animals animals to to to cross cross cross the the the wide wide wide gaps gaps gaps from from from one one one tree tree tree top top top to to to the the the next next next that that that typify typify typify the the the high high canopy. A gibbon can hurl itself farther than a mouse can: it can achieve a running start, and it can more effectively use a branch as a springboard (跳板跳板). The forward movement of a small animal is seriously reduced by the air friction (摩擦摩擦) against the relatively large surface area of its body. 68. Which of the following questions does the passage answer? A. How is the rain forest different from other habitats? B. How does an animal ’s body size influence an animal ’s need for food? 第 8 页共 17 页C. Why does rain forest provide an unusual variety of food for animals? D. Why do large animals tend to dominate the upper canopy of the rain forest? 69. 69. According to paragraph 2, which of the following is true about the small mammals in the According to paragraph 2, which of the following is true about the small mammals in the rain forest? A. They have body shapes that are adapted to life in the canopy. B. They prefer the temperature and climate of the canopy to that of other environments. C. They have difficulty with the changing conditions in the canopy. D. They use the trees of the canopy for protection from heat and cold. 70. 70. When discussing animal size in paragraph 3, the author indicates that ________. When discussing animal size in paragraph 3, the author indicates that ________. A. small animals require appropriately more food than larger animals do B. a large animal ’s size is an advantage in obtaining food in the canopy C. small animals are often attacked by larger animals in the rain forest D. small animals and large animals are equally good at obtaining food in the canopy 71. 71. According According to to the the the last last last paragraph, paragraph, paragraph, what what what makes makes makes jumping jumping jumping from from from one one tree tree crown crown crown to to to another another difficult for small mammals? A. Air friction against the body surface. B. The thickness of the branches. C. The dense leaves of the tree top. D. The inability to use the front feet as hands. (C)According According to to to sociologists, sociologists, sociologists, there there there are are are several several several different different different ways ways ways in in in which which which a a a person person person may may become become recognized recognized recognized as as as the the the leader leader leader of of of a a a social social social group group group in in in the the the United United United States. States. States. In In In the the the family family traditional cultural patterns confer (授予授予) leadership on one or both of the parents. In other cases, cases, such such such as as as friendship friendship friendship groups, groups, groups, one one one or or or more more more persons persons persons may may may gradually gradually gradually emerge emerge emerge as as as leaders, leaders, although there is no formal process of selection. In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment. Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability, decades of research research have have have failed failed failed to to to produce produce produce consistent consistent consistent evidence evidence evidence that that that there there there is is is any any any category category category of of of ““natural leaders.leaders.”” It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group. Furthermore, although it is commonly supposed that social groups have a single leader, research research suggests suggests suggests that that that there there there are are are typically typically typically two two two different different different leadership leadership leadership roles roles roles that that that are are are held held held by by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks tasks by by by a a a social social social group. group. group. Group Group Group members members members look look look to to to instrumental instrumental instrumental leaders leaders leaders to to to ““get get things things things done.done.done.””Expressive Expressive leadership, leadership, leadership, on on on the the the other other other hand, hand, hand, is is is leadership leadership leadership that that that emphasizes emphasizes emphasizes the the the collective collective well-beings well-beings of of of a a a social social social group group group’’s s members. members. members. Expressive Expressive Expressive leaders leaders leaders are are are less less less concerned concerned concerned with with with the the 。

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2012届上海市高三二模英语试卷——完形填空（崇明）It’s hardly surprising that weather is a favorite topic for so many people around the world. It 50 where we choose to live, what we wear, our moods, and perhaps even our national features. A sunny day can lessen the deepest 51 , while very bad weather can destroy homes and threaten lives.The human race has always tried to 52 the weather, especially in areas of the world where there are many changes. Two popular traditional ways of predicting weather use pine cones(松果) and seaweed(海草). When the air has a high level of humidity(湿度), there is a higher chance of rain. When the humidity is low, there is more chance of 53 weather. Pine cones and seaweed feels dry when the humidity is low, 54 high humidity has the opposite effect.Today’s methods of prediction increasingly depend on 55 . Satellites, balloons, ships, aircraft and weather centers with 56 equipments send data to computers. The data is then 57 , and the weather is predicted. However, 58 this system can not predict weather for longer than about a week.A recent study by an Australian scientist suggests that certain people may have a special 59 for predicting weather. However, it is 60 that these people could use their talent in another way, since the same group had a lot of success in predicting changes in another system—the stock market.It 61 that a study of weather may also enable scientists to predict the sudden 62 of a disease. An Ebola epidemic (a kind of disease) in Uganda in the year 2000 came after the same rare 63 conditions that had been present before a sudden spread of the disease 6 years earlier. Efforts to 64 the spread of air-borne diseases such as foot and mouth are also strongly dependent on favorable wind conditions.50. A. shows B. affects C. predicts D. introduces51. A. enjoyment B. sadness C. excitement D. laziness52. A. guess B. use C. change D. improve53. A. windy B. bad C. fine D. cold54. A. when B. while C. although D. as55. A. industry B. intelligence C. technology D. people56. A. monitoring B. predicting C. shaping D. moving57. A. used B. processed C. taught D. answered58. A. also B. still C. only D. even59. A. gift B. concern C. application D. liking60. A. necessary B. easy C. unique D. possible61. A. happens B. occurs C. appears D. estimates62. A. start B. shift C. cure D. crash63. A. living B. working C. health D. weather64. A. encourage B. quicken C. limit D. shorten50. B 51. B 52. A 53. C 54. B 55. C 56. A 57. B 58. D 59. A 60. D 61. C 62. A 63. D 64. C（奉贤）Is language, like food, a basic human need without which a child at a critical period of life can be 50 and damaged? Judging from an experiment in the thirteenth century, it may be. Hoping to discover what language a child would speak if a baby heard no mother 51 , the experimenter told the nurses to keep silent.All the 52 died before the first year. But clearly there was more than lack of language here. What was missing was good mothering. Without good mothering, in the first year of life53 , the capacity to survive is seriously affected.Today no such severe lack exists as that ordered by the experimenter. 54 , some children are still backward in speaking. Most often the reason for this is that the mother is 55 to the signals of the infant, whose brain is programmed to learn language rapidly. If these sensitive periods are neglected, the ideal time for 56 skills passes and they might never be learned so easily again. A bird learns to sing and to fly rapidly at right time, but the process is slow and hard once the 57 stage has passed.Experts suggest that speech stages are reached in a fixed sequence and at a 58 age, but there are cases where speech has started 59 in a child who eventually turns out to be of high IQ. At twelve weeks a baby smiles and makes vowel-like sounds; at twelve months he can speak simple words and understand simple 60 ; at eighteen months he has a vocabulary of three to fifty words. At three he knows about 1,000 words which he can put into sentences, and at four his language differs from that of his parents in style 61 grammar.Recent evidence suggests that an infant is born with the 62 to speak. What is special about man’s brain, compared with that of the monkey, is the comp lex system which enables a child to 63 the sight and feel of, say, a toy-bear with the sound pattern “toy –bear”. And even more 64 is the young brain’s ability to pick out an order in language from the mixture of sound around him, to analyse, to combine and recombine the parts of a language in new ways.50.A. constructed B. starved C. spoiled D. exhausted51.A. sound B. singing C. educating D. tongue52.A. parents B. care-takers C. infants D. investigators53.A. randomly B. originally C. greatly D. especially54.A. Consequently B. Nevertheless C. Theoretically D. Fortunately55.A. unfamiliar B. inaccessible C. insensitive D. unaccustomed56.A. acquiring B. practising C. occupying D. seizing57.A. critical B. temporary C. contemporary D. reasonable58.A. pleasing B. troublesome C. flexible D. constant59.A. last B. late C. early D. lately60.A. commands B. necessities C. resolutions D. directions61.A. or rather B. or else C. other than D. rather than62.A. inspiration B. passion C. creativity D. capacity63.A. justify B. connect C. oblige D. devote64.A. unpredictable B. unbelievable C. uncountable D. unbearable 50—54 BDCDB 55—59 CAADB 60—64 ADDBB(虹口)The past 20 years have produced great advances in technology and communications. 50, people throughout the world have become ever more connected. The 51link between the nations and people of the world is called globalization. It is a 52that has changed ways of life around the world.Perhaps the biggest change in this process is the effect of globalization on commerce. In an effort to build a 53economy, most nations of the world have embraced(拥抱) free trade. Free trade removes certain limits imposed (强加) on global commerce to make it easier for nations to exchange goods with one another. A 54aim of this process is to aid poor nations and thus reduce 55. Globalization has indeed increased trade throughout the world, but experts disagree about its effect on the poor.The debate about recent trends in global commerce is complex. Those 56free trade in the global market point out that competition lowers prices. Its critics argue that, without controls, such a system often harms poor nations. To some extent, both are 57. For example, in Jamaica, a country which imported milk from the United States and the 58milk was cheaper than local milk, more poor people could drink milk and improve their nutrition. At the same time, the cheaper milk put 59dairy farmers out of business. Perhaps this program caused as much harm as 60 .Those who support free trade in the global market do so for a number of reasons. Studies show that when a poor nation begins trading on the global level, it gains certain 61. Its economy grows rapidly. Multinational companies set up factories, 62jobs for people. Supporters claim that these factors reduce poverty and lessen the gap between the richest and poorest nations. They believe that the globalizing trend benefits the poor.Critics of unrestricted free trade question these conclusions. Although they 63that the global market can offer growth and jobs to poor nations, they doubt that it reduces poverty. In fact, they cite(引述) studies which show that poverty has increased as a result of the global market.64, the gap between rich and poor nations is growing.Regardless of which side they are on, most experts believe that globalization has great potential to aid the poor. Both sides need to find a way to make it work.50. A. In conclusion B. In particular C. As a result D. On the contrary51. A. growing B. starting C. moving D. reducing52. A. culture B. trend C. belief D. potential53. A. regional B. national C. practical D. global54. A. steadier B. further C. tougher D. stricter55. A. profit B. conflict C. poverty D. expense56. A. attracting B. altering C. opposing D. supporting57. A. correct B. inevitable C. necessary D. effective58. A. required B. produced C. imported D. exported59. A. economical B. local C. traditional D. social60. A. sacrifice B. satisfaction C. convenience D. good61. A. benefits B. varieties C. opportunities D. budgets62. A. influencing B. arranging C. providing D. applying63. A. ensure B. assume C. argue D. agree64. A. In addition B. First of all C. In that case D. On average50-64: CABDB CDACB DACDA(黄浦、嘉定)When I became an amputee at age 29, I was forced to rethink the idea of physical perfection. My life became different, as I changed from an acceptably attractive woman to an object of pity and __50__.Too busy __51__ physical pain and obvious mobility limitation, I was not aware of this change at first. I was determined to __52__, feeling good about the progress I had made, as I moved forward.__53__, as I made my first excursion outside the hospital, society had already assigned me a new status. Happy to be free of my restriction in the hospital, I rolled through the shopping mall – a __54__ survivor, feeling like a war hero. Unfortunately, I had a rude __55__ as I discovered that others did not view me in the way I had come to view myself.All eyes were upon me, yet no one dared to make eye contact. Their efforts to __56__ my eyes forced me to realize they saw only my missing legs. Mothers __57__ held their children closer as I passed. Elderly women patted me on the head saying, “God Bless You!” with __58__ in their eyes.While I sat thinking about what had happened, a small girl came up to me. She stared with unembarrassed __59__ at the empty pants. Finding nothing there, she looked up at me with a puzzled look, she innocently asked, “Lady, where did your legs go?”I explained that my legs had been sick. Since my legs hadn’t been strong and healthy like hers, the doctors had to __60__ them. Leaning h er head upwards, she asked, “Did they go to ‘Leg Heaven’?”That incident made me think about how __61__ children and adults react to the unknown. To a child, an odd appearance is an interesting curiosity and a __62__ learning experience while adults often view the same thing with fear and horror. I began to realize that, I, too had been __63__ of the same inappropriate reactions before I knew what life was like for an amputee.To fulfill the wholeness of my mind and spirit, I now smile warmly, make eye contact, and speak in a confident manner. By using a __64__ approach, I attempt to enlighten society about the fact that having a not-so-perfect body doesn’t mean having a poor quality of life.50. A. comfort B. fear C. hatred D. sadness51. A. crying with B. figuring out C. holding back D. dealing with52. A. endure B. quit C. revenge D. succeed53. A. Instead B. Moreover C. However D. Therefore54. A. calm B. poor C. proud D. rare55. A. awakening B. ending C. happening D. proceeding56. A. turn B. hold C. catch D. avoid57. A. softly B. protectively C. reluctantly D. pleasantly58. A. pity B. anger C. depression D. upset59. A. curiosity B. determination C. enthusiasm D.satisfaction60. A. lose B. adjust C. remove D. stretch61. A. differently B. positively C. strangely D. sympathetically62. A. painful B. potential C. similar D. common63. A. conscious B. guilty C. ignorant D. short64. A. creative B. flexible C. positive D. scientific50—54 BDDCC 55—59 ADBAA 60—64 CABBC（静安、杨浦、宝山、青浦）During the initial stages of instructed L2 (the second language) acquisition students learn a couple thousand, mainly high frequency words. Functional language proficiency, however, __50__ mastery of a considerably large number of words. It is therefore __51__ at the intermediate and advanced stages of language acquisition to learn a large vocabulary in a short period of time. There is not enough time to __52__ the natural (largely incidental) L1 (the first language) word acquisition process. Incidental acquisition of the words is only possible up to a point, __53__, on account oftheir low frequency, they do not __54__ often enough in the L2 learning material.Acquisition of new words from authentic L2 reading texts by means of strategies such as contextual deduction(演绎) is also not a __55__ for a number of reasons. There appears to be no __56__to intentional learning of a great many new words in a relatively short period of time. The words to be learned may be __57__ in isolation or in context. Presentation in bilingual（双语的）word lists seems an __58__ shortcut because it takes less time than contextual presentation and yields excellent short term results. Long term memory, __59__, is often disappointing so contextual presentation seems advisable.Any suggestions on how to use this in educational contexts should be based on a systematic __60__ of the two most important aspects of the L2 word learning problem, this is to say, selecting the relevant vocabulary (which and how many words) and creating the best conditions for the acquisition process. This article sets out to __61__a computer assisted word acquisition programme (CAVOCA) which tries to do exactly this: the programme operationalises current theoretical thinking about word acquisition, and its __62__ are based on a systematic list of the vocabulary relevant for the target group. To __63__its frequency, the programme was __64__ in a number of experimental settings with a paired associated method of learning new words. The experimental results suggest that an approach combining the two methods is most advisable.50. A. inquires B. requires C. receives D. inspires51. A. difficult B. easy C. possible D. necessary52. A. copy B. focus C. find D. clean53. A. however B. moreover C. because D. nevertheless54. A. disturb B. seem C. occur D. disappear55. A. solution B. approach C. problem D. wonder56. A. official B. annual C. objective D. alternative57. A. predicted B. presented C. postponed D. preferred58. A. available B. outstanding C. attractive D. evident59. A. by means of B. moreover C. in spite of D. however60. A. focus B. analysis C. object D. target61. A. describe B. grasp C. link D. force62. A. conclusions B. appointments C. aspects D. contents63. A. react B. establish C. memorize D. leave64. A. enhanced B. invented C. contrasted D. behaved50—54 BDACC 55—59 ADBCD 60—64 BADBC（闵行）In business, there is a speed difference: It’s the difference between how important a firm’s leaders say speed is to their competitive strategy (策略) and how fast the company actually moves. The difference is important 50 industry and company size. Companies fearful of losing their competitive advantage spend much time and money looking for ways to pick up the 51 .In our study of 343 businesses, the companies that chose to go, go, go to try to gain an edge ended with lower sales and operating income than those that 52 at key moments to makesure they were on the right 53 . What’s more, the firms that “slowed down to54 ”improved their top and bottom lines, averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating income over a three-year period.How did they 55 the laws of business, taking more time than competitors yet performing better? They thought 56 about what “slower” and “faster” mean. Firms sometimes 57 to understand the difference between operation speed (moving quickly) and strategic speed (reducing the time it takes to deliver value). Simply increasing the speed of production, for example, may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference. But that often leads to reduced value over time, in the form of lower-quality products and services.In our study, higher performing companies with strategic speed always made changes when it is 58 . They became more 59 to idea and discussion. They encouraged new ways of thinking. And they allowed time to look and learn. 60 , performance suffered at firms that moved fast all the time, paid too much attention to improving 61 , stuck to tested methods, didn’t develop team spirit among their employees, and had little time thinking about62 .Strategic speed 63 a kind of leadership. Teams that 64 take time to get things right are more successful in meeting their business goals. That kind of strategy must come from the top.50. A. according to B. regardless of C. due to D. instead of51. A. profit B. product C. speed D. method52. A. paused B. developed C. persevered D. engaged53. A. situation B. track C. occasion D. duty54. A. look on B. keep up C. hold back D. speed up55. A. learn B. discover C. disobey D. prefer56. A. strangely B. abstractly C. entirely D. differently57. A. fail B. attempt C. pretend D. desire58. A. convenient B. necessary C. emergent D. incredible59. A. alert B. restless C. open D. specific60. A. In short B. By contrast C. Above all D. All in all61. A. welfare B. technology C. efficiency D. condition62. A. qualities B. standards C. competitors D. changes63. A. serves as B. stands for C. refers to D. deals with64. A. temporarily B. extensively C. naturally D. regularly50. B 51. C 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. C 56. D 57. A 58. B 59. C 60. B 61. C 62. D 63. A 64. D(浦东)We must face the fact that there are many aspects of the information age. All information makes us anxious. Over some of these, we have little or no control. On the other hand, there are steps we can take to eliminate much of 50 . We might say, then, that survival in the information age is a challenging yet 51 task.To some extent, we are all receivers and givers of information. Our brain, however, receives and processes information in different ways. One way involves the amazing capacity of the brain to process information subconsciously.Another way involves 52 processing of information such as during conversation. Wehave a great deal of control over this type of information processing --- both as givers and receivers. If we indulge (任凭) ourselves talking about tiny things or even harmful information, valuable time and 53 can be wasted. Meanwhile this can make us and others anxious. You may lose opportunities to absorb and distribute information that is truly useful for 54 in this troubled world.Information gathered by reading is processed consciously and 55 takes longest. The written word is still the most powerful way of 56 imagination and conveying information, ideas, and concept.How can we 57 so much information from various sources, such as reading material, TV program, computer games, and other 58 activities? The answer is screening. Screening, sorting out or prioritizing what we need to hear, see, say or read may 59 much information anxiety.To cut through confusing information, 60 this basic rule: Keep it simple! The secret to processing information is narrowing your 61 of information. Simplicity is 62 in many Asian cultures and is even recognized in Western cultures as a superior way of living. Writer Duane Elgin 63 , “To live more simply is to live more purposefully and with a64 of needless distractio n.”50. A. anxiety B. trouble C. interest D. curiosity51. A. donating B. accomplishing C. rewarding D. searching52. A. sensitive B. conscious C. unconscious D. reasonable53. A. health B. wealth C. power D. energy54. A. expanding B. surviving C. stretching D. bearing55. A. hence B. however C. still D. yet56. A. cooperating B. finding C. stimulating D. removing57. A. think of B. deal with C. do with D. rule over58. A. considerate B. professional C. humorous D. recreational59. A. get rid of B. bring about C. break into D. come to60. A. catch B. apply C. abandon D. offer61. A. rank B. limit C. field D. lane62. A. received B. supplied C. labeled D. recommended63. A. opposed B. stated C. declined D. offered64. A. minimum B. maximum C. quantity D. presence50--64. ACBDB ACBDA BCDBA（普陀）One student skipped class and then sent the professor an e-mail（50）______for copies of her teaching notes.Another（51）______that she was late for a Monday class because she was recovering from drinking too much at a wild weekend party.At colleges and universities in the US, e-mail has made professors more approachable(平易近人).But many say it has made them too accessible,（52）______boundaries that traditionally kept students at a healthy distance.These days, professors say, students seem to view them as available（53）______the clock, sending a steady stream of informal e-mails.“The tone that they take in e-mails is pretty astounding(令人吃惊的),”said Michael Kessler, an assistant dean at Georgetown University.“They’ll（54）______you to help:‘I need to know this.’”“There’s a fine（55）______between meeting their needs and at the same time maintaining a level of legitimacy(正统性)as an （56）______who is in charge.”Christopher Dede, a professor at the Harvard Graduate School of Education, said（57）______show that students no longer defer to(听从)their professors, perhaps because they realize that professors’（58）______could rapidly become outdated.“The deference (听从)was driven by the （59）______that professors were all-knowing sources of deep knowledge,”Dede said, and that notion has（60）______.For junior faculty members(全体教师),e-mails bring new tension into their work, some say, as they struggle with how to（61）______.Their job prospects, they realize, may rest in part on(依赖) student evaluations of their accessibility.College students say e-mail makes（62）______easier to ask questions and helps them learn. But they seem unaware that what they write in e-mails could have negative effects（63）______them, said Alexandra Lahav, and associate professor of Law at the University of Connecticut. She recalled an e-mail message from a student saying that he planned to miss class so he could play with his son. Professor Lahav did not respond.“Such e-mails can have consequences,”she said. “Students don’t understand that （64）______they say in e-mail can make them seem unprofessional, and could result in a bad recommendation.”50. A. providing B. offering C. supplying D. asking51. A. complained B. argued C. explained D. believed52. A. removing B. moving C. putting D. placing53. A. about B. around C. at D. from54. A. control B. shout C. order D. make55. A. requirement B. contradiction C. tension D. balance56. A. teacher B. instructor C. lecturer D. professor57. A. e-mails B. passages C. texts D. books58. A. technology B. expertise C. science D. imagination59. A. tradition B. sense C. notion D. meaning60. A. strengthened B. weakened C. reinforced D. consolidated61. A. ask B. question C. respond D. request62. A. him B. her C. you D. it63. A. on B. against C. in D. about64. A. this B. which C. that D. what50---64 DCABC DBABC BCDA D（徐汇、金山）Today, there are many avenues open to those who wish to continue their education. However, nearly all require some __(50)__ in one’s career in order to attend school full time. Part-time education, that is, attending school at night or for one weekend a month, tends to drag the __(51)__out over time and puts the completion of a degree program out of reach of many people. __(52)__, such programs require a fixed time commitment which can also impact __(53)__ on one’s career and family time.Of the many __(54)__ to teaching and learning, however, perhaps the most flexible and accommodating is that called distance learning. Distance learning is an educational method, which allows the students the __(55)__ to study at his or her own pace to achieve the __(56)__ goals, which are so necessary in today’s world. The time required to study may be set aside at the student’s convenience with due __(57)__ to all life’s other requirements. Besides, the student may __(58)__ in distance learning courses from virtually any place in the world, while continuing to pursue their chosen career. Tutorial assistance may be __(59)__through regular airmail, telephone, fax machine, teleconferencing and over the Internet.Good distance learning programs are characterized by the inclusion of a subject __(60)__ tool with every subject. This precludes（排除）the requirement for a student to travel away from home to take a test. Another characteristic of a good distance-learning program is the __(61)__ of the distance-learning course with the same subject materials as those students taking the course on the home campus. The resultant diploma or degree should also be the same whether distance learning or on-campus study is employed.In the final analysis, a good distance learning program has a place not only for the __(62)__ students but also the corporation or business that wants to work in partnership with their employees for the educational benefit, professional development, and business growth of the organization. __(63)__ distance learning programs for their employees gives the business the advantage of retaining（保留）career-minded people while __(64)__to their personal and professional growth through education.50. A. experience B. break C. interest D. change51. A. process B. progress C. property D. possibility52. A. Surprisingly B. Additionally C. Fortunately D. Traditionally53. A. appropriately B. reasonably C. negatively D. favorably54. A. complaints B. attitudes C. difficulties D. approaches55. A. individuality B. responsibility C. flexibility D. visibility56. A. professional B. academic C. relevant D. separate57. A. desire B. ability C. regard D. account58. A. enroll B. evolve C. enclose D. emerge59. A. adequate B. vacant C. available D. reliable60. A. registration B. participation C. investigation D. evaluation61. A. demonstration B. equivalence C. combination D. qualification62. A. distinguished B. outstanding C. independent D. individual63. A. Sponsoring B. Requiring C. Indicating D. Protesting64. A. objecting B. responding C. contributing D. addingSection A 50-54 BABCD 55-59 CBCAC 60-64 DBDAC（杨浦1.5）The Human Development Report, published annually since 1990, seeks to 50 "human development" around the world and calculates a "Human Development Index" (HDI人类发展指数) for 169 countries. The HDI is 51 on average income, life expectancy, and level of education.52 , rich countries tend to have higher HDIs than poor countries, but there are interesting 53 in human development among countries with similar levels of economic development, becausesome have better health and education systems than others!Almost every country in the world has a higher HDI than in 1990, despite the fact that since the 2008 financial crisis the total number of people living in extreme 54 has increased. The report Concludes that most people are healthier, live longer, are more 55 , — and that even in countries with severe economic problems, people's health and education have generally 56 . Although sub-Saharan African countries are at the bottom of the pile 57 human development, some of them have made significant progress since 1990. The report is 58 , however, of the fact that economic inequality has increased significantly in the last twenty years, both within and between countries.The greatest threat to HDI in the future, according to the report, is climate change. The way to increase average income in a country is through economic growth, which means increased production and 59 . However, if this 60 to greater emissions (排放) of greenhouse gases, as has always been the case in the past, global warming will probably go faster, causing severe environmental problems in some parts of the world that will 61 the livelihoods of huge numbers of people. The progress of the last twenty years, 62 , might not be sustainable (可持续的).The only solution, according to the report, is to break the 63 between economic growth and greenhouse gas emissions — which, 64 to say, is easier said than done.50. A. judge B. investigate C. assess D. justify51. A. based B. focused C. keen D. reflected52. A. Unexpectedly B. Unwillingly C. Unfortunately D. Unsurprisingly53. A. variations B. experiments C. signs D. mixtures54. A. cruelty B. poverty C. emotion D. terror55. A. talented B. disadvantaged C. determined D. educated56. A. infected B. ignored C. improved D. impressed57. A. to the extent of B. on account of C. for the sake of D. in terms of58. A. critical B. proud C. fond D. independent59. A. administration B. consumption C. application D. concentration60. A. objects B. sticks C. leads D. turns61. A. threaten B. maintain C. concern D. guarantee62. A. therefore B. however C. otherwise D. nevertheless63. A. gap B. record C. law D. link64. A. fearless B. needless C. careless D. hopelessCloze50-64 CADAB DCDAB CAADB（闸北）Each stage of life has different major demands mainly because our needs change. As children, a period of deep uncertainty and sensitivity, 50 and family are the top needs although we may not think of them in those terms. As teenagers, we are 51 the waters of adult life, preparing ourselves for the exciting unknown and as young adults we search for a 52 . The drive to fulfil each stage is so strong that sometimes we have to hold the breath to 53 .At each stage, although everyone may 54 in dreams, we will all try to take hold of the means to achieve our particular dreams. Some will be driven with almost tunnel vision, others take。