必修4第一单元复习题1
高中英语必修4unit1单元练习题含答案
高中英语必修4U n i t1单元练习题含答案(总16页) -CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1-CAL-本页仅作为文档封面,使用请直接删除第一单元练习题Ⅰ 单项填空1. I would appreciate ________ much if you could write to me as soon as possible.A. thatB. itC. thisD. what2. — Jane Goodall is a great woman.— ________. She has done so much to protect chimps everywhere.A. Good ideaB. CongratulationsC. I think soD. The same to you3. The determined mother has devoted all she has to ________ her son out of trouble.A. helpingB. helpC. have helpedD. having helped4. China sent up two manned spaceships and they were also greatscientific ________ in the world.A. campaignsB. surprisesC. achievementsD. discoveries5. Considering carefully, the family ________ different choices onthe question so far.A. had madeB. has madeC. madeD. have made6. We ________ the problem for a long time, but we didn’t reach any agreement.A. arguedB. explainedC. sharedD. communicated7. Only after the woman had her own child ________ how difficult it was to be a mother.A. she realizedB. had she realizedC. she had realizedD. did she realize8. Don’t be worried. I’ll ________ your pet dog when you’re away.A. deal withB. care aboutC. lookinto D. care for9. In order to understand the ________ of the animal, the researcherspent many years recording its daily activities.A. performanceB. deedC. behaviourD. personality10. — What should I do, sir?— ________ the star and then tell me something about it.A. NoticeB. ObserveC. SeeD. Glare11. No one can stop him, ________ the boy is determined to dosomething.A. even ifB. now thatC. onceD. although12. It’s su ggested that another strong bridge should be built to________ heavy trucks.A. supportB. acceptC. holdD. carry13. It is the years we spent together at college ________ have a deepeffect on my life.A. whichB. thatC. whenD. where14. Don’t ________ women. They are as important as men for the development of society.A. look up toB. look down uponC. look out forD. look forward to15. When the clock ________ 12, I was about to leave for thesupermarket.A. knockedB. hitC. beatD. struckⅡ完形填空“Tell me what you were like when you were my age,” I asked my mother one afternoon. She looked up, 16 at my question. After a long time she answered, “I was 17 like you. Then, there was only one 18 for girls — being a hard-working 19. To tell the truth, it is 20 for me to tell you that I 21 my mother when I was growing up. I did so much for her. Besides doing lots of housework, every night I 22 go into my parents’ bedroom, and wash their feet with warm water. Not once did my mother ever said, ‘thank you’."I stared out of the window, remembering 23 I grew up, always wanting to hear a word of 24 from her, but getting only the rule and25 I could never live up to (做到). I remembered the years when she26 me to get up at six every morning and cook breakfast for thefamily before leaving for school. 27, I remembered the times she’d 28 me to other girls who were as old as me and found me 29.“Nothing was ever 30 enough for my mother,’’ continued my mother, “but now I know she did 51 me, even if she never said so. I told you this just for a 32. Yes, I love all my children, but you are my first child, the first in 33 to me. I have been very strict and hard on you, but I 34 you in the only way I knew. I am 35 proud of you.”16. A. excited B. angry C. disappointed D. surprised17. A. ever B. mostly C. never D. once18. A. entertainment B. career C. dreamD. concern19. A. woman B. worker C. wife D. student20. A. comfortable B. proud C. shamefulD. silly21. A. hated B. loved C. respected D. forgave22. A. would B. should C. could D. might23. A. where B. how C. before D. when24. A. honesty B. use C. importanceD. praise25. A. promise B. order C. expectation D. curiosity26. A. made B. encouraged C. forcedD. advised27. A. Least of all B. After all C. Most of allD. In all28. A. compared B. matched C. explainedD. introduced29. A. useless B. lacking C. betterD. foolish30. A. interesting B. bad C. modern D. good31. A. support B. love C. honourD. ignore32. A. reason B. explanation C. excuse D. consideration33. A. something B. anything C. nothingD. everything34. A. helped B. taught C. raised D. affected35. A. slightly B. generally C. actuallyD. graduallyⅢ 阅读理解AExercise is an important part of a healthy lifestyle. It reduces your risk of heart attack and is a good way to control body weight.It is also something you can do with other people, which can be greatfun. So, it is important to find time to exercise and be healthier. As well as making time to exercises, another way is to build it into the natural rhythm (节奏) of your day.· Go for a walk on your lunch break. Try to find at least three different ways and change them throughout the week. It might even be possible to find a place to walk inside, for those bad weather days.· Talk to your employers about improving health at work. Encourage your workers to cycle to and from work. You might also be able to encourage them to set up a gymnasium. Sell the idea by pointing out that doing so will improve productivity (生产率), and makeworkers happy.· If you are a student. Go for walks with friends to talk about your studies. Spend some time in the learning resource centre reading about sport, exercise and health. The more you know, the morechoices you will have about how to be physically active. Mostcolleges have sport and exercise programs that students can take part in. Find out which activities are being held, and try those you think you might enjoy.36. Workers are advised to cycle to and from work to ________.A. make themselves realize the importance of healthB. work better and bring pleasure to themselvesC. make themselves become much strongerD. reduce the time spent in walking to work37. When a student wants to do exercise at school, he or she had better ________.A. take part in all the exercise programsB. have sports with friends or classmatesC. choose the one that he or she likesD. choose the same one all the time38. We can learn from the passage that ________.A. walk is most suitable for those who work indoorsB. one who knows more about health will be healthierC. exercising with others will be better for one’s healthD. combining exercise with daily work can save time to keep healthyBWomen in Nazi Germany were to have a very special job. Hitler was very clear about this. This job was that they should be good mothers bringing up children at home while their husbands worked. Except for some special fields, Hitler saw no reason why a woman should work. Within months of Hitler coming to power, many female doctors, teachers and lawyers were sacked. By the start of the Second World War, very few German women were in fulltime work. From their earliest years, girls were taught that all good German women married at a young age to a proper German and that the wife’s job was to keep a good home for her working husband and to have children.One of the earliest laws passed by Hitler once he came to power in 1933, was the Law for the Encouragement of Marriage. This law stated (声明) that all newly married couples would get a government loan (贷款) of 1000 marks. This loan was not to be simply paid back. The birth of one child meant that 25% of the loan did not have to be paid back. Two children meant that 50% of the loan didn’t need to be paid back. Four children meant that the entire loan was cleared.What was more, as housewives and mothers, their lives were controlled. Women were not expected to wear make-up or trousers. Only flat shoes were expected to be worn. Women were discouraged from slimming as this was considered bad for child birth.39. The aim of the Law for the Encouragement of Marriage was to________.A. attract more young people to join the army willinglyB. make those married couples become rich quicklyC. encourage people to loan more from the governmentD. encourage couples to have as many children as they could40. The underlined word “sacked” in Paragraph one probably means “________”.A. punishedB. firedC. killedD. raised41. According to the passage, women in Nazi Germany ________.A. could make up or wear beautiful clothesB. were to have children and do houseworkC. could receive a good education at schoolD. were offered the equal rights as men42. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A. The life of women in Nazi GermanyB. The cruel rule of Hitler in GermanyC. The marriage policy in Nazi GermanyD. Hitler — a powerful leader in GermanyCThe youngest of five children in a middle-class family, Clara Barton was born on Christmas Day, in 1821, in Oxford, Massachusetts. Although she was educated at home, Clara began teaching schoolherself at the age of fifteen until 1854. Later, before the Civil War (内战), Clara’s greatest achievement was the establishment (建立) of a free public school in Bordentown, New Jersey. What’s more, her only medical experience was when she cared for her invalid (病弱者) brother for two years.When the Civil War broke out, Clara soon learned that many of the wounded soldiers had suffered from lack of medical supplies. So she asked for donations (捐款) to buy those supplies and began her own operation to hand out these supplies. In 1865, Clara built an information centre to serve war-torn families and often gave speeches. With so much work, she fell ill in 1868 and went to Switzerland to recover, where she learned something about the International RedCross founded in 1864. But the United States could not take part then. Barton, returned home and began to establish the Red Cross in America. She worked hard, travelling to Washington for support, gave speeches and wrote articles to win the support of the public. She told people the Red Cross was not only important during times of war, but also useful in peace time. This got the attention of both the public and the politicians, and thus the American Association of the Red Cross came into being in 1881.43. What did Clara Barton want to do during the wartime?A. Advise the government to buy more medical supplies.B. Help some families to rebuild their home.C. Collect money to buy medical supplies.D. Treat the wounded soldiers by herself.44. According to the events in Clara’s li fe, which of the followingis the right order?a. Travelled to win support for the Red Cross in America.b. Offered medical supplies to the army.c. Established a free public school.d. Stayed in Switzerland to improve her health.e. Worked as a teacher at school.A. e, c, b, d, aB. e, c, a, b, dC. e, b, c, d, aD. e, b, a, c, d45. Clara Barton insisted on establishing the Red Cross in America because ________.A. it could stop a war breaking outB. it was a sign of a powerful countryC. it could keep America at peaceD. it could help to overcome unexpected troubleⅣ 根据中文或首字母提示,填写所缺单词的适当形式。
高中数学必修4第一单元1.1-1.3
永城市高级中学高一(Ⅰ)部数学---周四练出题人:许福利 2013.02.26 一、选择题1.已知集合A={第一象限角},B={锐角},C={小于90度的角},则下面关系式中正确的是( )A . A=B=CB .A ⊂C C .A C=BD .B C ⊆C 2.与-463°终边相同的最小正角是( )A .463°B .103°C .257°D .87°3.若1 rad 的圆心角所对的弦长为2,则这圆心角所对的弧长为( )A.6πB.21sinC.21sin1 D. 221sin4.已知θ是第一象限角,则2θ是( )A. 第一象限角 B 第二象限角 C 第一或第二象限角 D 第一或第三象限角 5.sin1,cos1,tan1的大小关系为( )A .tan1>sin1>cos1B .tan1>cos1>sin1C .cos1>sin1>tan1D .sin1>cos1>tan16.α是第二象限角,P (x ,5)为其终边上一点,且x42cos =α,则αsin 的值为( )A.410B. 46C. 42D.410-7.已知sin α+cos α=231-,且0<α<π,则tan α的值为 ( )A.-B.8.若2cos sin 2cos sin =-+αααα,则=αtan( )A .1B . -1C .43D .34-9.已知)1(,sin <=m m α,παπ<<2,那么=αtan ( )A21mm-B 21mm--C 21mm-±D mm 21-±10.若角α的终边落在直线0=+y x 上,则ααααcos cos 1sin 1sin 22-+-的值等于( )A 2B 2-C 2-或2D 011.化简:)2cos()2si n(21-∙-+ππ得( )A. sin 2cos 2+B. cos 2sin 2-C. sin 2cos 2-D.±c o s 2s i n -12.在△ABC 中,cos(2A+B+C)= ( ) A.cosA B.-cosA C.sinA D.-sinA 二、填空题 13.m tan0+n cos25π+p sin π3-q cos211π+r sin(π21-)=14.已知已α为第二象限的角,且tan α=cos α= .15= .其中(,)2πθπ∈16.sin 21°+sin 22°+sin 23°+…+sin 289°= 三、解答题17. 若角θ的终边过P (t 4-,t 3)(0≠t )求θθcos sin 2+的值。
高二政治必修4第一单元综合测试及答案
高二政治必修4第一单元综合测试及答案政治必修四的哲学部分比较难以理解,所以要通过一定的习题来巩固。
以下是店铺为您整理的关于高二政治必修4第一单元综合测试题及答案的相关资料,希望对您有所帮助。
高二政治必修4第一单元综合测试题一、选择题(在每小题所给的四个选项中,只有一项是最符合题意的,每小题2分,共50分)1.哲学社会科学工作者应以改革开放和现代化建设中的重大理论和现实问题为主攻方向,坚持贴近实际、贴近生活、贴近群众,围绕三个方面展开研究。
之所以要这样做,是因为( )A.哲学的任务是指导人们有效地认识和改造世界B.哲学的任务是获得正确的认识C.哲学是自己时代的精神上的精华D.普通的社会成员是不具备哲学知识的2.“几十年的经验使我深刻体会到,学点哲学的确可以使人做事情少犯错误,做研究少走弯路。
”下列观点与“国家最高科学技术奖”获得者李振声的上述感悟相一致的是( )A.哲学对生活与实践具有促进作用B.哲学源于实践活动C.哲学是在处理人与外部世界关系的实践中形成和发展起来的D.哲学具有指导人们认识世界和改造世界的功能3.眼下的校园,不少中学生热衷于明星绯闻、追求超前享受、个人主义思想膨胀。
这些现象的存在,说明要迫切净化社会文化环境、加强对中学生进行荣辱观教育。
这是因为( )A.方法论决定世界观B.世界观和方法论互相转化C.世界观决定方法论D.世界观和方法论都有相对独立性4.苏格拉底曾经和美诺一起讨论什么是“美德”。
美诺讲了男人的美德是什么,女人的美德是什么,老人和青年人的美德是什么。
苏格拉底认为,这只是具体的美德,而不是哲学的回答。
由此可见,哲学的特点是( )A.揭示自然、社会和思维某一具体领域的规律和奥秘B.哲学是现成的知识,可以随意接受和套用C.揭示世界最一般的本质和最普遍的规律D.哲学把自然界、人类社会和人类思维的特定规律作为自己的研究对象5.当你听说放鞭炮可以驱邪的时候,你为什么不惊讶?只要你惊讶,你就会产生联想,你也许会问:鞭炮是什么?是怎样生产制造的?其原料是什么?“邪”是什么?“邪”是哪里来的?“邪”被鞭炮驱走后,又到哪里去了?到外国去了吗?还是到月球去了?如果第二天“邪”又回来了,要不要再放鞭炮?“邪”到底是什么,多长、多高、多宽、多重……正如古希腊著名哲学家柏拉图曾在《泰阿泰德篇》中所说:“惊讶,这尤其是哲学家的一种情绪。
高中政治必修4第一单元试题及答案
高中政治必修4第一单元试题及答案生活智慧与时代精神是高中政治必修4第一单元的知识,那么你都学会了吗?接下来店铺为你整理了高中政治必修4第一单元试题及答案,一起来看看吧。
高中政治必修4第一单元试题一、选择题(每小题3分,共60分)1.人生在平淡中寻找幸福,在细微中品味幸福,在孤独中守望幸福,在遗忘中怀念幸福。
幸福的生活需要哲学的指引,这是因为( )。
A.哲学是使人聪明、给人智慧的一门科学B.哲学是哲学家对自己实践活动的科学总结C.哲学是指导人们,生活得更好的艺术D.真正的哲学就是生活本身2.现实生活中,哲学往往被一些人忽视,“哲学不能带来钱”成了他们的思维定势。
一位著名哲学家揶揄地说:“当年马克思撰写《哲学的贫困》,如今则出现了‘贫困的哲学’。
”但事实证明一个轻视理论思维的民族是不会有光明的未来的。
这是因为( )。
A.哲学源于生活,高于生活,其任务就是揭示具体事物发展的规律B.哲学只是关于世界观的学说C.哲学是对人们实践活动的概括和总结D.哲学能够为人们的实践活动提供世界观和方法论的指导3.马克思说:“没有哲学我就不能前进。
”对这句话可以这样理解( )。
①学是一门给人智慧、使人聪明的学问②哲学的任务就是指导人们正确地认识世界和改造世界③没有哲学的指导,人们就会寸步难行,一事无成④哲学是指导人们生活得更好的艺术A.①②③B.②③④C.①③④D.①②④4.人们要想生活得有意义、有价值,就应该对自己生活其中的世界和生活本身进行审视和思考。
这表明( )。
①我们要走进哲学,自觉追求智慧,创造更美好的人生②我们要以高高悬浮在空中的思想楼阁一一哲学为指导③我们不仅需要懂得具体科学知识,还需要理解和运用哲学知识④哲学总是自觉地影响着我们的学习、工作和生活A.①③④B.①②③④C.①③D.③④5.中华民族自古就有博大精深的哲学思想和辩证思维,《老子》、《周易》、《庄子》、《孙子兵法》等著作中所包含的朴素辩证法思想要远远早于马克思主义哲学中的辩证法,这说明( )。
高中政治必修4第一单元测试题(附答案)
高二《生活与哲学》第一单元试卷(文理科)一、单项选择题(30小题,每小题2分,共60分。
)1、“当一个人年轻的时候,不要让他耽误了哲学的研究;当他年老的时候,也不要让他对他的研究产生厌倦。
因为要获得灵魂的健康,谁也不会有太早或太晚的问题。
”这句话表明,哲学()A.是人生观和方法论的统一B.能引导人们正确地看待自然、社会的变化C.是一门智慧的学问,是人们美好生活的向导D.产生于人类实践活动和人们对实践的追问2、对世界观、方法论、哲学三者之间关系说法表述正确的是()①哲学既是世界观的学说,又是方法论的学说②要有世界观和方法论就必须学习哲学③不同的哲学,世界观和方法论不同④科学的世界观决定科学的方法论,二者构成哲学A.①④B.①②③C.①③D.②③④3、“今天科学技术不仅仅是自然科学与工程技术,还是认识客观世界、改造客观世界的整个知识体系,而这个体系的最高概括是马克思主义哲学。
”钱学森关于哲学与科学关系的论断的合理性在于( )①认为哲学是科学之科学,是最高概括的科学②主张科学是哲学的知识前提,哲学是科学的最高概括③强调离开了哲学世界观的指导,科学研究就不能取得进展④指出哲学与科学具有一致性,哲学对科学具有方法论的指导作用A.①②B.②③C.②④D.③④4、马克思主义创始人反对把自己的哲学视为“纯粹思辨的观念”和“书斋里的学问”,强调“问题在于改变世界”,从而实现了哲学的变革。
这表明( )①是否研究时代的迫切问题是马克思主义哲学与以往旧哲学的本质区别②关注与无产阶级利益相关的现实问题是马克思主义哲学的内在要求③哲学社会功能的缺失是以往旧哲学区别于马克思主义哲学的显著标志④为无产阶级提供认识和改造世界的工具是马克思主义哲学的使命A.①②B.②⑨C.②④D.③④5、《中共中央关于进一步繁荣发展哲学社会科学的意见》指出,在全面建设小康社会、开创中国特色社会主义事业新局面、实现中华民族伟大复兴的历史进程中,必须进一步提高对哲学社会科学重要性的认识,大力繁荣发展哲学社会科学。
高考政治 (必修ⅳ)一轮复习 第1课 美好生活的向导
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[解析]哲学是对自然、社会和人类思维知识的概括和总结, 钱学森关于哲学与科学关系的论断正是反映了具体科学是哲学 的基础,哲学又为具体科学提供世界观和方法论的指导,故②④ 正确,①中的“科学之科学”说法错误。③在材料中未反映。
[答案]C
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◎ 考题预测 ◎ 1.“当一个人年轻的时候,不要让他耽误了哲学的研究; 当他年老的时候,也不要让他对他的研究产生厌倦。因为要获 得灵魂的健康,谁也不会有太早或太晚的问题。”这句话表明, 哲学( ) A.是人生观和方法论的统一 B.能引导人们正确地看待自然、社会的变化 C.是一门给人智慧的学问,是人们美好生活的向导 D.产生于人类的实践活动和人们对实践的追问
界观和方法论的统一,可见②④说法错误。故选C。
[答案]C
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4.爱因斯坦曾经说过,“哲学要是不同科学接触,就会变 成一个空架子”。这说明( )
A.哲学是各门具体学科的基础 B.哲学是“科学之科学” C.哲学为具体科学提供世界观和方法论的指导 D.具体科学是哲学的基础 [答案]D
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考点 哲学是什么
1.哲学与世界观
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★对哲学概念的总结 1.从本义看,哲学是给人智慧、使人聪明的学问。古人说 “知人则哲”,就是其义。 2.从与世界观的关系看,哲学是系统化理论化的世界观, 是关于世界观的学问。 3.从与方法论的关系看,哲学既是世界观又是方法论,是 世界观和方法论的统一。 4.从与具体科学知识的关系看,哲学是对自然、社会和思 维的概括和总结。
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◎ 自测自评 ◎
1.哲学是一门( )
①关于智慧的科学 ②给人智慧的学问 ③使人聪明的学
问 ④给人正确认识的学问
A.①②③④
B.①②③ C.②③ D.②③④
2021-2022学年高中政治必修四检测:第一单元 单元复习课 Word版含答案
单元复习课①打算②生产力与生产关系③社会变革④群众观点⑤进展的规律⑥最宽敞人民⑦劳动和奉献⑧砥砺自我⑨贡献1.(2022·全国Ⅰ卷)中共中心、国务院出台的《关于构建和谐劳动关系的意见》强调,推动中国特色和谐劳动关系的建设和进展,最大限度增加劳动关系和谐因素,最大限度削减不和谐因素,促进经济持续健康进展和社会和谐稳定,从唯物史观看,之所以重视构建和谐劳动关系,是由于( )①劳动关系是生产关系的重要组成部分,打算着生产关系的性质②劳动关系冲突是制约生产进展、社会进步的重要冲突③劳动关系冲突的解决打算了生产力的进展和社会的进步④正确解决劳动关系冲突是构建和谐社会的必定要求A.①②B.①③C.②④D.③④解析:本题可用排解法来做。
劳动关系指的是人与人之间的关系,它属于生产关系的范畴,生产关系的性质是由生产资料归谁全部打算的,生产资料的全部制打算着生产关系的性质,①是错误的;生产力打算生产关系,③是错误的;②④正确且适合题意;故本题答案选C。
答案:C2.(2022·江苏卷)某地作为全国33个农村土地改革试点地区之一,正在逐步完成从“确权到人”到“确权到户”的制度转变,从而更好地让集体土地入市流转,使农户更好地共享工业化收益。
这一做法表明( ) A.生产关系的总和构成经济基础B.上层建筑必需适应经济基础的进展C.生产关系要适应生产力的进展状况D.改革的目的是社会主义制度的自我完善解析:生产关系包括:生产资料全部制、产品安排制度、在生产过程中形成的人和人之间的关系。
上层建筑是指建立在肯定经济基础之上的意识形态以及相应的政治法律制度和设施。
“土地”属于生产资料,因此土地改革是生产关系的改革,生产关系改革是为了适应生产力的进展,因此A、B和材料无关;D说法错误,改革的性质是社会主义制度的自我完善,而不是目的,正确答案是C。
答案:C3.(2022·全国Ⅱ卷)1708年,清政府组织传教士绘制中国地图,历经10年成功绘制的《皇舆全览图》已达到很高的科学水平,却始终被作为密件珍藏于内府。
高考英语总复习 Unit1 名师点津 新人教版必修4
高考英语总复习 Unit1 名师点津新人教版必修4Ⅰ. 单项填空1. Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is unlikely to ________a good researcher.A. makeB. turnC. getD. grow解析:选A。
make表示“(使)成为”,为及物动词;turn表示“变成,变为”,为不及物动词;get表示“变成,做成”,为不及物动词;grow表示“生长,成长”。
根据句意及句式结构,空格处应使用及物动词表示“(使)成为”之意。
故A项符合语境。
2. Although the teacher didn’t mention any names,everybody knew who he was ________.A. speaking toB. turning toC. referring toD. talking to解析:选C。
句意:尽管老师没有提到任何名字,但每个人都知道他指的是谁。
refer to 在此表示“提到,谈及”。
3. Tom, ________ yourself. Have you already forgotten the rules I told you?A. behaveB. respectC. considerD. entertain解析:选A。
句意:Tom规矩点,你忘了我告诉你的那些规矩了吗?behave oneself意为“规矩点”。
4. Everything ________ into consideration,they ought to have another chance.A. to takeB. takenC. to be takenD. taking解析:选B。
本题考查非谓语动词的用法。
根据短语take sth. into consideration“考虑到某事”的结构分析,此处把该短语的宾语everything提前,所以应该使用过去分词表示被动。
人教版高中语文必修4第一单元1 窦娥冤 关汉卿习题(3)
《窦娥冤》练习1.关汉卿被称为“元曲四大家”之一,另外“三家”的姓名分别是:__ ___、___ ___、___ __。
【郑光祖、白朴、马致远】2.杂剧角色分为两大类:_____、_____,另外还有_____等。
【末旦净】3.古代戏曲的语言包括________、________、________。
【曲词说白科介】4.对文中“正宫”解释得正确的一项是[ D ]A.词牌名,与“端正好”一样,它们都与音乐曲调有关。
B.曲牌名,与“滚绣球”一样,它们都与音乐曲调有关。
C.宫调名,与“一煞”等不同,它与演唱的内容有密切的关系,而与音乐无关。
D.宫调名,与“耍孩儿”等不同,宫调是用来表示音阶的高低的,而与内容无关。
5.最后写三桩誓愿,从创作手法上看,应该属于何种手法【浪漫主义创作手法】6.阅读《窦娥冤》片段,然后按要求答题。
(刽子做喝科,云)兀那婆子靠后,时辰到了也。
(正旦跪科)(刽子开枷科)(正旦云)窦娥告监斩大人,有一事肯依窦娥,便死而无怨。
(监斩官云)你有什么事,你说。
(正旦云)要一领净席,等我窦娥站立,又要丈二白练,挂在旗枪上,若是我窦娥委实冤枉,刀过处头落,一腔热血休半点儿沾在地下,都飞在白练上者。
(监斩官云)这个就依你,打甚么不紧。
(刽子做取席站科,又取白练挂旗上科)(正旦唱)(1)选段中,“科”指________,主要用来________;“云”指________,主要用来________;“唱”指________,主要用来________。
【(1)“科”指科介,主要用来称角色动作;“云”指宾白主要用来交代情节;“唱”指曲词,主要用来抒发感情】(2)解释下列词语。
①兀那:②休:③打甚么不紧:【(2)①兀那:那②休:不要③打甚么不紧:有什么要紧】(3)选段中括号中的文字是属于 [ A ]A.舞台说明或舞台指示 B.舞台动作提示C.舞台人物介绍 D.舞台人物或动作提示7.《窦娥冤》中有两句唱词,两个版本文字不同,试比较其优劣。
2020高考备考英语一轮复习考点学与练(必修4)Unit 1 Women of achievement(押题专练)(解析版)
Unit 1 Women of achievement第一节阅读理解阅读下面的短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。
ASusan Brownell Anthony was a lady ahead of her time. She fought for women's rights long before it became a popular issue.Susan was born on February 15, 1820, in Adams, Massachusetts. At that time, women had few rights. They could not own property. Money earned by a married woman belonged to her husband. Major decisions regarding children were made by the fathers. Women could not vote.At the age of 15, Susan became a school teacher. She taught for 15 years. Then she began organizing women's groups to promote causes that were important to women. She helped gain better educational rights for women. She helped give married women possession of their earnings.After the Civil War, Susan became very involved in the Woman's Suffrage Movement. After years of lecturing, writing, and appealing by Susan and other women, some parts of the United States changed their laws to give women the right to vote. The first state was Wyoming in 1869. Other areas and states gradually followed Wyoming's __decision__. It was not until 1920 that the US Constitution was changed to give all women voting rights.Susan Brownell Anthony died in 1906 at the age of 86. She was elected to the American Hall of Fame in 1950. She was the first American woman to have a likeness(肖像) of her face on a coin. It was the 1979 Susan Brownell Anthony dollar.语篇导读本文为记叙文。
2023-2024学年高中语文人教版必修4第一单元单元测试(含答案解析)
2023-2024学年人教版高中语文单元测试班级 __________ 姓名 __________ 考号 __________一、单选题(本大题共计6小题每题3分共计18分)1.依次填入括号内的关联词语最恰当的一组是()()不培养坚强的性格和不怕困难的精神()()懂得很多好的道理()未必真有用处()就像温室里的花朵一样是经不起日晒雨淋的A. 如果那么无论都由于B. 如果那么即使也因为C. 因为所以无论都因为D. 因为所以即使也由于【答案】B【解析】根据“不培养”和“懂得很多道理”“未必有真用处”可以看出是让步假设关系第一外填“如果” 后两处填“那么即使……也” 末句的内容是对上句的解释所以填因为故选B2.下列各句中加线的成语使用正确的一句是()A. “嫦娥一号”绕月卫星顺利定点于月球轨道并如期向地球传来数据信息广大航天工作者闻之无不欢欣鼓舞弹冠相庆C. 在利己主义者看来没有谁不为自己在他们心目中现实生活中大量涌现出舍己为人、公而忘私的新人、新事是不堪设想的B. 伴随人类基因组计划的进展生物芯片技术应运而生并以完整的技术身份促进了基因组学的发展带动了生物芯片技术的产业化D. 新组建的这支市场协管队训练很严格但真正临场时会是怎么样子效果如何还不得而知我们将刮目相看【答案】B【解析】选B A项“弹冠相庆”贬义词,用在这里不合语境; C项“不堪设想”应改为“不可思议”; D项“刮目相看”应改为"拭目以待”3.在下面两种情境下用语最为得体的一组是()【情境①】有一位老师到异地学校去参加优质课赛课走进课堂首先要跟新同学交流一下就说了一段开场白【情境②】李红因家庭困难同意学校保送她上贵阳清华中学招生面试时老师问她“有些优秀学生不愿被推荐你是怕中考落榜呢还是碍于面子不好推辞呢还是……”李红诚实而又得体地进行了回答A. ①同学们你们好!很高兴认识大家希望我们合作愉快同时合作成功谢谢大家!②都不是是因为我家庭经济困难反复权衡我觉得还是读贵阳清华中学更合适些B. ①同学们你们好!同大家相遇真是缘分啊!正所谓“千里姻缘一线牵今天牵了明天牵”②都不是是因为我家庭经济困难反复权衡我觉得还是读贵阳清华中学更合适些C. ①同学们你们好!同大家相遇真是缘分啊!正所谓“千里姻缘一线牵今天牵了明天牵”②关于保送我上贵阳清华中学的事学校征求过我的意见我是经过慎重考虑后才同意的D. ①同学们你们好!很高兴认识大家希望我们合作愉快同时合作成功谢谢大家!②关于保送我上贵阳清华中学的事学校征求过我的意见我是经过慎重考虑后才同意的【答案】A【解析】老师面对学生用“千里姻缘一线牵今天牵了明天牵”不合身份和场景排除BC回答面试老师一连串的问题“学校征求过我意见我是经过慎重考虑后才同意的”不得体排除D故选A4.请从以下四个选项中选出对应正确的一项()我国古代文人学士的作品集名称内涵丰富各具特点作品集《柳河东集》、《聊斋志异》、《范文正公集》、《李太白全集》、《稼轩长短句》、《杜工部集》、《白氏长庆集》的命名方法分别是A. 地名、年号、谥号、字、号、官职、书房名B. 地名、书房名、谥号、号、字、官职、年号C. 书房名、地名、官职、号、字、谥号、年号D. 地名、书房名、谥号、字、号、官职、年号【答案】D【解析】本题考查学生对文学文化常识的掌握能力D项《柳河东集》的作者柳宗元是河东(今山西永济)人世称柳河东《聊斋志异》的作者是蒲松龄“聊斋”是其书房名《范文正公集》的作者范仲淹谥号“文正” 《李太白全集》的作者李白字太白《稼轩T长短句》的作者辛弃疾号稼轩《杜工部集》的作者杜甫官至工部员外郎《白氏长庆集》的作者是白居易此集为唐穆宗长庆年间编辑故选D.5.(1)依次填人文中横线上的词语全都恰当的一项是( )5.(2)下列填人文中括号内的语句衔接最恰当的一项是( )5.(3)文中画横线的句子有语病下列修改最恰当的一项是( )A. 变化融汇诞生先行官B. 变化融合催生领头羊C. 变革融汇诞生领头羊D. 变革融合催生先行官【答案】D【解析】【答案】B【解析】【答案】A【解析】6.下列文常说法正确的一项是()A. “江东”通常指安徽芜湖以下的长江下游南岸地区又称“江左” 古人以东为左以西为右江表长江以南地区如《夏日绝句》“至今思项羽不肯过江东”B. 古人以夜半为中心把“一夜”分为“五更” 每更一个时辰也就是夜半(子时)为三更前后各有两更现在说的“三更半夜”本指夜半时分即1点到3点C. 李白的《黄鹤楼送孟浩然之广陵》是一首送别诗题目中的“广陵”指的是南京D. 阴历每月十五称“望” 阴历每月初一称“晦” 每月最后一天称“朔”【答案】A【解析】A.正确B.现在说的“三更半夜”本指夜半时分即11点到1点C.李白的《黄鹤楼送孟浩然之广陵》是一首送别诗题目中的“广陵”指的是扬州D.阴历每月十五称“望” 阴历每月初一称“朔每月最后一天称“晦”二、现代文阅读(本大题共计2小题每题15分共计30分)7.(1)下列对材料相关内容的理解和分析不正确的一项是()7.(2)根据材料内容下列说法正确的一项是()7.(3)根据材料内容下列各项中不属于数字人文研究范畴的一项是()7.(4)请简要梳理材料一的行文脉络7.(5)面对数字人文的现状人文研究学者应该怎样做?请结合材料加以说明A. 主体性对于传统的人文研究和数字人文研究都很重要“个性”“特色”及研究者“情感”“悟性”等因素的介入是其体现B. 数字人文研究也需要传统的人文研究能力和研究方法对比、参照两种研究方法做出的分析在此基础上产生新的人文知识C. 材料二中提到的“技术悲观主义”概念可以用材料一中所说的“人文学者对数字人文方法的双重误判”的情况来解释D. 材料一中对“人”“机”支配地位发展趋势的判断与材料二中王涛教授的“传统的历史研究方法不会被抛弃”的观点相矛盾【答案】D【解析】(1)D项“观点相矛盾”错误【答案】C【解析】(2)A项“‘人文研究数字化’可能会超越‘数字技术人文化’”错误材料一说的是“两个维度的趋向” 是同时发展的B项假设推理错误D项“区分出哪些对象可以被数字化哪些对象无法被数字化”与解决“三元难题”没有联系故选C【答案】A【解析】(3)A项影印的原作图片不属于数字人文研究范畴【答案】(4)先简要介绍数字人文指出其两个维度趋向然后分析“人文之维”的两个特点一是基于可视化文本展开意义阐释会丰富人文研究的层次和内涵二是要进行对比、参照展开反思性分析最后预测数字人文的发展指出应采取的正确态度【解析】(4)材料一第一段中“一般情况下数字人文都被理解为以数字技术为方法研究人文领域的相关问题‘数字’是方法‘人文’是对象”简要介绍了数字人文“数字人文研究作为人文研究与数字技术的跨学科结合同时包含了两个维度的趋向其一是‘人文研究数字化’ 即用数字技术解决人文问题其二是‘数字技术人文化’ 即以人文方式发展数字技术让数字更人文”则指出了数字人文的两个维度趋向接下来第二段分析了“人文之维”的特点之一即“基于这一可视化的文本展开意义阐释” “从这个意义上说将数字人文方法引入人文研究将会极大地扩展和丰富人文研究的层次和内涵成为人文研究的延伸和补充” 第三段则分析了“人文之维”的特点之二即“进行对比、参照展开‘原初文本’和‘次生文本’之间交叉性质的反思性分析” 最后一段“随着人工智能技术的发展数字人文方法也会不断地升级换代‘人-机’关系也会出现‘人’的因素支配性作用不断下降甚至出现‘机’对‘人’的控制和替代的可能”预测了数字人文的发展趋势“其实我们对待数字人文的最好态度既不是拥抱也不是逃离而是真诚的握手”指出对待数字人文应采取的正确态度据此分析作答即可【答案】(5)①既不要完全依赖也不要拒绝要欢迎但保持独立②应将其视为解决实际问题的手段而不是追求虚幻的高科技③认识到数字人文局限性应努力提升数字技术④加强协作合作包容不同形式的学术研究和批评方法提升数字人文的学术能力【解析】(5)依据题干要求可知本题的答题区间为材料二结合相关语句概括作答即可根据“数字人文与传统历史研究不是竞争的关系而是合作的关系数字人文不是为了取代传统学术研究方法而是为历史问题的解决提供一种跨界合作的思路传统的历史研究方法不会被抛弃而是在‘历史学的方法库存’中又添置了一个新的设备而已”可知人文研究学者对待数字人文既不要完全依赖也不要拒绝要欢迎但保持独立根据“数字人文的方法和理念是为了解决真实存在的历史研究的问题而不是为了追求虚幻的高科技”可知人文研究学者应将数字人文视为解决实际问题的手段而不是追求虚幻的高科技根据“以《梵高的鞋》为例这幅画能够数字化为数字作品但是其原始的光晕却无法数字化……这一难题的存在意味着将数字技术理解为工具是不足的需要加以超越”可知人文研究学者应认识到数字人文的局限性并努力提升数字技术根据“在这个充满了活力的领域数字人文学者不能再单兵作战而应加强协作加强跨界合作创新并提倡文化批评以此包容不同形式的学术研究和批评方法提升数字人文的学术能力”可知人文研究学者应加强协作合作包容不同形式的学术研究和批评方法提升数字人文的学术能力据此分析作答即可8.(1)下列关于原文内容的理解和分析不正确的一项是()8.(2)下列对原文论证的相关分析不正确的一项是()8.(3)根据原文内容下列说法正确的一项是()A. 当前中国传统文化陷入了文化危机之中主要是因为一些“从属性”理论受到冲击B. “全盘西化”的激进主义和“固守传统”的保守主义其实都是文化不自信的表现C. 文化可以利用危机的两面性从传统新旧内容的连续性和中断性的统一中找到生长点D. 中华民族的重新崛起离不开对中华传统文化的“创造性转化”和“创新性发展”【答案】A【解析】(1)A项“主要是因为一些‘从属性’理论受到冲击”分析错误从原文“在遇到危机时其对传统的冲击是从‘边缘问题’到‘核心问题’的”可知这一说法错误【答案】C【解析】(2)C项没有运用对比论证【答案】B【解析】(3)A项于文无据C项“形成巨大的心理落差”是有些文化自大者不是文化自卑者D项以偏概全从文中信息可知“创造性转化”和“创新性发展”才是主要的故选B三、综合读写(本大题共计2小题每题15分共计30分)9.下列词语中加点字的解释全部正确的一项是()A. 文胜质则史虚饰浮夸复众人之所过弥补B. 起于累土积累天下归仁焉归属C. 自矜者不长矜持仁之端也发端萌芽D. 王于兴师在径须沽取直须【答案】A正确B“起于累土”中的“累” 句意为从一筐土开始堆积起来的C“自矜者不长”中的“矜” 句意为自我夸耀的建立不起功勋D“王于兴师”中的“于” 连接主语与宾语句意为君王发兵去交战【解析】A.正确B.“起于累土”中的“累” 句意为从一筐土开始堆积起来的C.“自矜者不长”中的“矜” 句意为自我夸耀的建立不起功勋D.“王于兴师”中的“于” 连接主语与宾语句意为君王发兵去交战10.下面一段文字有五处不得体请指出并改正招聘会上一位公司负责人代表公司对前来应聘的大学生说“欢迎大家拨冗幸顾我公司如果您对我公司还不了解或了解甚少请拜读我公司的介绍说明敬请对我公司的发展留下您的拙见对于应聘结果我公司将适时发布公告请您耐心敬候”【答案】①“拨冗”可以删去○“幸顾”可改为“惠顾”或“光临”③“拜读”改为“阅读”④“拙见”改为“高见”⑤“敬候“改为”等待”或“期待”【解析】本题考查学生语言表达得体的能力①拨冗为敬辞不符合大学生的身份大学生一般也不会太忙②幸顾谓帝王临幸垂顾此处用于大学生对象错误③拜读是读别人作品或书信的敬辞或受某某人指点此处用于读自己公司的介绍说明不得体④拙见谦称自己的见解此处用于对方不得体③敬候敬辞等候此处是请别人等待之意不得体。
2011-2012学年高一下学期英语复习题(第13周)必修4 Unit 1 Great women and their achievements
2011-2012学年高一下学期英语辅导卷(第13周)编写老师:Tom姓名:______________ 成绩:_______________必修4 Unit 1 Great women and their achievements一、语言要点I单元要点预览(旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点)词汇部分词语辨析1. campaign / war / battle2.worth / worthy / worthwhile3. argue / debate词形变化1. connect vt. ___________ n.联系2. argue vt.&vi.讨论;辩论argument n.[c]争论;争辩;3. crowd n. ;v. ___________ adj4. inspire vt. ___________ n. 鼓舞;灵感___________adj.5. considerate adj.体贴的,体谅的consideration n.考虑,要考虑的事;体贴considerable adj.相当大(或多)的6. deliver vt. ___________ n.[c,u] ___________递送者重点单词1. achievement n.[C],2. behave vt.&vi.3. observe vt.4. respect vt.&n.5. argue vt.&vi.6. support vt.&n.7. intend vt. 8. deliver vt.重点词组1. look down upon / on2. refer to ……3. come across4. carry on5. live/lead a... life……重点句子1. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.2. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.3. She also worked hard to make as many countries as possible agree not to use them.重点语法主谓一致(见语法部分)II 词语辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)1. campaign / war / battle【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
高中政治必修四第一单元测试题及答案
高中政治必修四第一单元测试题及答案(时间:40分钟满分:100分)一、单项选择题(每小题5分,共60分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是最符合题意的。
)1.党的十八届三中全会公报指出:改革开放以来我们始终坚持以马克思主义为指导,推进马克思主义中国化时代化大众化,用中国特色社会主义理论体系武装头脑、指导实践、推动工作,确保改革开放沿着正确道路前进。
之所以要这样做,是因为( ) A.哲学的任务就是指导人们有效地改造世界B.哲学的任务就是获得正确的认识C.社会实践是哲学的来源D.普通的社会成员是不具备哲学知识的2.心态决定状态。
心胸决定格局,眼界决定境界。
这是因为( )A.方法论决定世界观B.世界观和方法论随时可以相互转化C.世界观决定方法论D.世界观和方法论都具有相对独立性3.(2014·吉林一中二模)“今天科学技术不仅仅是自然科学与工程技术,还是认识客观世界、改造客观世界的整个知识体系,而这个体系的最高概括是马克思主义哲学。
”钱学森关于哲学与科学关系的论断的合理性在于( )①认为哲学是科学之科学,是最高概括的科学②主张科学是哲学的知识前提,哲学是科学的最高概括③强调离开了哲学世界观的指导,科学研究就不能取得进展④指出哲学与科学具有一致性,哲学对科学具有方法论的指导作用A.①②B.②③C.②④ D.③④4.2013年10月9日,2013年诺贝尔化学奖在瑞典揭晓。
美国伦理化学家马丁·卡普拉斯、美国斯坦福大学生物物理学家迈克尔·莱维特、南加州大学化学家利耶·瓦谢尔因给复杂化学体系设计了多尺度模型而分享奖项。
这三位科学家设计出的多尺度模型,让传统的化学实验走上了信息化的快车道。
这说明( )A.思维和存在具有同一性B.物质与意识相互依赖C.物质决定意识D.唯心主义是非科学的5.漫画《走马上任》中的观点属于( )A.客观唯心主义B.主观唯心主义C.古代朴素唯物主义D.形而上学唯物主义6.俗话说:“吃药不忌口,坏了大夫手”。
2011-2012学年高一下学期英语复习题(第14周)必修4 Unit1词汇句型&综合测试1
2011-2012学年高一下学期英语辅导卷(第14周)编写老师:Tom姓名:______________ 成绩:_______________必修4 Unit1词汇句型&综合测试V 重点词组(旨在提供综合运用所需材料)1. look down upon/on1). She looks down on people who've never been to university.2). You can’ t look down upon a person because he is poor.[重点用法] look短语:look on sb./ sth. as = consider sb./ sth. as look onlook into sth. look uplook (sb.) up and down look out for sb/sth[练习] 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。
1). He was ______ ______ ______ (被人看不起) because of his humble background.2). He is ______ ______ _______ (被认为是) the leading authority on the subject.3). If you want to know how a word is used, ______it ______ in a dictionary.2. refer to1). We agreed never to refer to the matter again.2). She thought I was referring to her daughter when we were talking.[重点用法]refer to sb./sth. as refer sth./sb. to[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。
人教版高中政治必修4第一单元 生活智慧与时代精神第一课 美好生活的向导习题(1)
第1课美好生活的向导(答案附后)2019.10.23一、【复习巩固】1.哲学与生活的关系2.哲学与世界观、方法论的关系3.哲学与具体科学的关系二、典题引领(历年高考及模拟试题)1.(2019·江苏单科·T26)有研究表明,“暗物质”和“暗能量”约占宇宙物质总质量的96%。
科学家预计,如果我们对暗物质和暗能量有了突破性的认识,人类的宇宙观将会发生巨大的改变,人们对时间、空间和物质等的看法也将和过去有所不同。
材料蕴含的哲学道理是A.具体科学的进步推动哲学发展B.哲学可以锻炼人们的思维能力C.哲学为具体科学提供世界观和方法论指导D.思维和存在的关系问题是哲学的基本问题2.(2019·江苏)在中国古代“家国一体”的社会组织结构中,人们重视家庭的团聚、国家的统一、社会的和谐。
受其影响,中国传统哲学有着浓厚的“尚圆”思维,讲究圆满、圆融、圆通,花好月圆、团团圆圆等也成为普通中国人的美好追求。
由此可见①传统文化对社会变革有深刻影响②传统文化具有鲜明的民族性③哲学可以指导人们正确改造世界④哲学智慧产生于人类的实践活动A.①② B.①③ C.②④ D.③④3.(2019·海南)科学家钱伟长谈到哲学时说:“哲学很重要,很多学问做深了,都会碰到哲学问题。
数学是这样,物理、化学、生物、计算机,都是这样。
所以科学家一定要研究一点哲学,要懂哲学。
”他之所以这么讲,主要是因为A.哲学是关于世界观的科学B.哲学的智慧产生于人类的实践活动C.哲学是改造世界的物质力量D.哲学探究的是世界的本质和普遍规律4.朱熹小时候就问父亲“天上有何物”;陆九渊三四岁时就问父亲“天地有没有尽头”,并为此废寝忘食;波普尔八岁时就在思考“空间是无限的还是有限的”。
这些人后来成为大思想家与他们从小善于思考不无关系这说明:A.哲学源于人们对自然万物的惊讶B.哲学是世界观和方法论的统一C.哲学源于人们在实践中对世界的追问和思考D.哲学的任务就是质疑现存的东西5.“知”与“智”是一种互为依托、互相促进的关系。
【高中政治】高中政治必修四(人教版)习题:第一单元 生活智慧与时代精神+第1课+课时+
第一课美好生活的向导一、判断题(判断下列说法是否正确,正确的请在相应括号里写T,错误的写F。
)1.世界观是人们对自然界的根本看法。
(F)提示:世界观是人们对整个世界的总的看法和根本观点。
2.哲学是关于世界观的科学。
(F)提示:哲学是关于世界观的学说。
3.世界观和方法论是一致的,有什么样的世界观就有什么样的方法论。
(T)4.哲学是世界观和方法论的总和。
(F)提示:哲学是世界观和方法论的统一。
5.哲学是自然、社会和思维知识的总和。
(F)提示:哲学是自然、社会和思维知识的概括和总结。
二、选择题(在每小题列出的四个备选项中,只有一个是符合题目要求的,不选、多选、错选均不正确。
)6.下列关于世界观的认识,正确的是()A.世界观是人们对整个自然界的根本性认识B.世界观是人们对整个世界的总的看法和根本观点C.世界观就是哲学,哲学就是世界观D.有的人有世界观,有的人没有世界观解析A项是对世界观含义的片面认识;C项混淆了哲学与世界观的区别;世界观人人都有,D项错误;B项正确阐述了世界观的含义,故选B项。
答案 B7.下列说法属于世界观的是()A.闻鸡起舞B.张三早上5点起床C.人定胜天D.太阳东升西落解析世界观是人们对整个世界的总的看法和根本观点,C项体现了人们对整个世界的总体看法,故选C项;A、B、D三项都不是世界观。
答案 C8.下列对哲学的认识,不正确的是()A.哲学是关于世界观的学说B.哲学是世界观和方法论的统一C.哲学是理论化、系统化、科学化的世界观D.哲学是对具体知识的概括和总结解析本题是逆向选择题。
从哲学与世界观的关系看,哲学是关于世界观的学说,是系统化、理论化的世界观;哲学有科学与非科学之分,认为哲学是科学化的世界观的观点是错误的,故C错误,符合题意。
答案 C9.每年9月18日,全国各地都会举行各种形式的纪念活动,让每一个中国人牢记国耻,奋发图强,为中华民族的伟大复兴而生命不息,奋斗不止。
这体现了()A.世界观就是方法论B.世界观决定方法论C.世界观和方法论构成哲学D.世界观与方法论相互决定解析A、C、D三项表述错误,选B。
高二政治必修4第一单元同步检测1-2-2
1-2第2框唯物主义和唯心主义一、选择题1.赫拉克利特有一句名言:“世界是包括一切的整体,它不是由任何神或被任何人创造的,它过去、现在和将来都是按规律燃烧着、按规律熄灭着的永恒的活火。
”赫拉克利特的观点属于() A.机械唯物主义B.朴素唯物主义C.唯心主义D.辩证唯物主义[答案] B[解析]赫拉克利特把“火”这种具体物质形态当成哲学上讲的物质,属于古代朴素唯物主义。
2.胡夫金字塔有一段令人生畏的文字:“不论谁骚扰了法老的安宁,死神之翼将在他头上降临。
”从哲学上看,这段铭文属于() A.古代朴素唯物主义B.近代机械唯物主义C.主观唯心主义D.客观唯心主义[答案] D[解析]这段铭文没有科学依据,不是唯物主义的观点,“死神”主宰人的生死,不是主观唯心主义的观点,是客观唯心主义的观点。
3.有人称近代机械唯物主义为半截子唯物主义,这主要是说机械唯物主义()A.没有实现唯物论与辩证法的统一B.是形而上学的唯物主义C.在自然观上是唯物主义,在历史观上是唯心主义D.在思维和存在的关系上不承认思维和存在的同一性[答案] C[解析]半截子唯物主义是指不彻底的唯物主义,故选C。
4.孔子认为“死生有命,富贵在天。
”孟子主张“万物皆备于我”,以上两种观点的主要区别在于()A.前者强调客观条件,后者强调主观条件B.前者是客观唯心主义,后者是主观唯心主义C.前者属于唯物主义,后者属于唯心主义D.前者是封建迷信,后者强调意识反映物质[答案] B[解析]“死生有命,富贵在天”认为人的命运是由外在的东西主宰的,属于客观唯心主义。
“万物皆备于我”则认为人的意志主宰一切,属于主观唯心主义,故B项应选。
5.辩证法同形而上学的斗争是()A.又一哲学的基本问题B.高于唯物主义同唯心主义斗争的C.从属于唯物主义和唯心主义的斗争,并同这种斗争交织在一起的D.唯物主义同唯心主义斗争的表现形式[答案] C[解析]哲学的基本问题是唯一的,A项错误;唯物主义同唯心主义是哲学的两大基本派别,辩证法与形而上学也属于两大对立派别,但它们的斗争是从属于唯物主义和唯心主义的斗争的。
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必修4第一单元复习题一单项选择1. While doing shopping, people sometimes can’t help ______into buying something they don’t really want.A. persuadeB. persuadingC. being persuadedD. to be persuaded2. You don’t have to _________the book; I’ll give you one each.A. advertiseB. shareC. be used toD. persuade3. Nick is looking for another job because he feels that nothing he does ______ his boss.A. servesB. satisfiesC. promisesD. supports4. The white blood cells protect the body ______ disease germs.A. from attackingB. from being attackedC. from being attacked byD. attacked by5..Teaching as a career ______ to many people because of the long holidays.A. attractsB. callsC. appealsD. pulls6. European football is played in over 80 countries, ________ it the most popular sport in the world.A. makingB. makesC. madeD. to make7. Tom passed the exam . He didn’t study well f or it. The exam ______ difficult.A. must have beenB. mustn’t have beenC. can’t have beenD. must be8. Would you __________ me a good dictionary?A. supplyB. demandC. recommendD. provide9. The speaker raised his voice but still couldn’t make himself _______.A. hearB. to hearC. hearingD. heard10. Dictionaries __________ readers to understand tests. .A. are used to helpingB. are used to helpC. used to helpD. used to helping11. The manager recommended he _________ a plane in order to get there in time for the meeting.A. would takeB. takingC. to takeD. take12. A _______ customer is _______ who has no complaints.A. satisfied; peopleB. satisfying; thatC. satisfy; whichD. satisfied; one13. _______ you have mentioned in your speech, Mr. Wang graduated from Beijing University ten years ago.A. WhichB. AfterC. AsD. Since14. ---- Whose advice do you think I should take? ----_________.A. You get itB. You speakC. Anyone you are likeD. It’s up to you15. Our English teacher advise us ____________ more after class.A. to practice to speakB. practicing to speakC. to practice speakingD. practicing speaking16. We have to __________ some practical measures.A. come outB. come up withC. come upD. come about17. They tricked the old man _________ buying the .poor carA. againstB. toC. withD. into18. He believed _____________ I said.A. no matter whateverB. no matter whatC. whateverD. Even if what19. Would you like to _____ us? We are going to ______ the school’s 20th anniversary celebration.A. join; take part inB. take part in; joinC. join in; joinD. join in; take part in20. .People are not allowed freely at the meeting and they don’tallow________ either.A. to talk ; smokingB. to talk , to smokeC. talking , smokingD. talking , to smoke二:请从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语,并用其正确形式填空。
achieve, devote … to, behave, observe, argue, inspire, su pport,strike, look down upon, explain, care for, kind, considerate1. That this project would ________ success was unthinkable at the time.2. She ________ that our efforts would be a waste of time.3. I ________ to work hard than ever before because I hope my dream will come true.4. I don't know how they manage ________ their expensive lifestyle.5. The workers ________ because they wanted more money.6. So-called equality doesn’t exist, for in many countries women are still ________.7. The book ________ how to succeed in difficult situation interested me very much.8. She can't go out to work because she has to stay at home to ________ her elderly mother.9. She has ________ all her life to the care of homeless people.10. It’s very ________ of you t o send me a get-well card.11. I ________ a thief stealing something in a shop when talking with my friends.12. She always ________ well when her aunts come to visit.13. I would think it a great ________ if you would do something for the child.三根据首字母和中文提示补全单词,使句意完整。
31.Despite the difficulties, he was p__________________ from a clerk tomanager.32.When ________________(完成),the museum will be open to public next year. 33.He gave a p_________________ opinion, and everyone present agreed with him.34.Is the library _________________(可用) during the summer vacation ? 35.He came in, with a l_________________ candle in his hand.36.His repeated _______________(缺席) from school made him fail in the exam. 37.Our headmaster asked us to discuss the matter immediately, saying it was of great s_______________.38. He was a__________ of his disease when he have some difficulty having 3meals.39. His lie was so touching that many of his friend f_____ for it.40.He a____________ to defeat Tom, but failed.41.Sometimes _________(顾客) can benefit from advertisements.42. The dresses are not____________(可得到的) in your size, I am afraid.43.I was told that he had made an unpleasant c________ about my speech.44. Don’t play t__________ on the poor old man, f or he seems a stranger here.45.As an advertiser, a person may be very c__________.46. After the star’s excellent performance on the stage, the a____________ all burst into cheers.47.The movie is i_________ for adults only.48.A teacher is a person who e________ his students.49.My parents were very s__________ with my study.50. It usually takes great___________(想象力), warmth and patience to do such a dull job.Keys:1-5 CBBCC 6-10 ACCDB 11-15 DDCDC 16-20 BDCAA1. achieve2. argued3. was inspired4. to support5. were striking6. looked down upon7. explaining8. care for9. devoted 10. considerate11. observed 12. behaves 13. kindness完成单词31. promoted pleted 33. persuasive 34. available 35. lighted 36. absence 37. significance 38. aware 39. fell 40. attempted 41 customers 42 available 43 comment 44 tricks 45 creative46 audience 47 intended 48 educates 49 satisfied 50 imagination。