教育最新2019版高考英语一轮复习Module1DeepSouth讲义外研版选修8

Module 1 Deep South
[一积词汇见多识广]
[课内单词回扣]
(一)阅读词汇写其义
1．emergency n．紧急情况；突发事情 mercial adj. 商业的
3．ceremonial adj. 仪式性的；正式的 4.befriend v. 对待……如朋友
5．insight n. 洞察力，眼光 6.gravity n. 重力，地心引力
(二)表达词汇写其形
1．state n．状态；状况 2.trap v．储存，留存
3．balance v. 使平衡 4.severe adj. 艰难的，艰巨的
5．voyage n. (乘船的)旅行，航行 6.privilege n. 荣幸
(三)拓展词汇灵活用
1.promote vt.促进，增进；提升→promotion n．晋级；促进；提升
2.abnormal adj.不正常的，反常的→(反义词)normal adj.正常的
*3.explorer n．探险者→explore v．探险；探索；勘探→exploration n．探险；探索；(对某地区的)勘查
*4.depth n．深度→deep adj.& adv.深的；深深地→deeply adv.强烈地；深刻地→deepen v．加深；深化
*5.extreme adj.极端的，极度的→extremely adv.极端地，极其；非常
*6.discourage v．阻止；打消……的念头→discouraging adj.令人沮丧的→discouraged adj.沮丧的→discouragement n．泄气；使人泄气的人(事)→(反义词)encourage v．鼓励
7.reliability n．可靠性→reliabl e adj.可信赖的→rely v．依靠；信赖
8.inspiration n．鼓舞；启示；灵感→inspire v．鼓舞；激励→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的
9.tiresome adj.烦人的，令人讨厌的→tired adj.厌烦的；疲倦的
*10.depressing adj.令人沮丧的；令人抑郁的→depress v．使沮丧；使萧条→depressed adj.沮丧的；萧条的→depression n．沮丧；不景气，萧条(期)
11.absence n．缺乏；没有→ab sent adj.缺席的，不在的
用上面标注*的单词的正确形式填空
1．Many scientists are making great efforts to explore the Moon and other planets. Their exploration may change our future.(explore)
2．Some workers work deep into the night just to deepen the small lake to the depth of 6 meters. (depth)
3．With the extreme weather coming, people felt extremely cold and many got ill.(extreme)
4．On hearing the depressing news, he felt depressed and soon got into a state of depression.(depress)
5．From his discouraged look, I judged he wasn't hired, which was really discouraging. But I still encouraged him to go to other companies to try his fortune.(encourage)
[话题单词积累]
1．weather/'weðə/ n．天气
2．climate/'klaImət/ n. 气候
3．haze/heIz/ n. 雾霾
4．mist/mIst/ n. 薄雾
5．fog/fɒɡ/ n. 雾
6．frost/frɒst/ n. 霜
7．drizzle/'drIz(ə)l/ n. 小雨；毛毛雨
8．breeze/briːz/ n. 微风
9．rainbow/'reInbəʊ/ n. 虹，彩虹
10．rainfall/'reɪnfɔːl/ n. 一场雨；降雨量
11．shower/'ʃaʊə/ n. 阵雨；淋浴
12．storm/stɔːm/ n. 风暴，暴(风)雨
13．thunder/'θʌndə/ n．& vi. 雷声；打雷
14．blow/bləʊ/ vi. 吹
15．freeze/friːz/ vi. 结冰；使冻住
16．pour/pɔː/ vi. 倾泻，不断流出
17．mild/maIld/ adj. 温和的，暖和的
18．damp/dæmp/ adj.& n. 潮湿(的)
19．foggy/'fɒɡI/ adj. 有雾的
20．cloudy/'klaʊdI/ adj. 多云的，阴天的
21．sunny/'sʌnI/ adj. 晴天的；晴朗的
22．freezing/'friːzIŋ/ adj. 冻结的；极冷的
23．snowy/'snəʊI/ adj. 下雪的
24．chilly/'tʃIlI/ adj. 寒冷的
25．geography/dʒI'ɒɡrəfI/ n. 地理
26．ocean/'əʊʃ(ə)n/ n. 海洋，大海
27．continent/'kɒntInənt/ n. 大陆，大洲
28．stream/striːm/ n. 小河；溪流
29．range/reindʒ/ n. 山脉
30．valley/'vælI/ n. 山谷，溪谷
31．desert/'dezət/ n. 沙漠
32．jungle/'dʒʌŋɡ(ə)l/ n. 丛林，密林
33．research/rI'sɜːtʃ/ n. 研究
34．expedition/ekspI'dɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 探险队
35．adventure/əd'ventʃə/ n. 冒险
36．challenge/'tʃælIn(d)ʒ/ n. 挑战
[二积短语顿挫抑扬]
[课内短语回扣]
(一)根据汉语写出下列短语
*1.be_fond_of 喜欢
*2.in_case_of 如果；假使；以免
3.stand_out 杰出；突出；引人注目
*4.adapt_(to) (使)适应
e_into_sight 进入视野，出现在眼前
*e_up_with 想出
*7.set_foot_on 进入，到达，踏上
*8.keep_one's_promise 信守诺言
(二)用上面标注*的短语完成下列句子
1．When you keep_your_promise,_no matter how much effort it takes, you will be rewarded.
2．They were filled with joy when they set_foot_on China soil in late July.
3．If you know first aid methods, you can be calmer and more helpful in_case_of emergency.
4．Since people are_fond_of humor, it is as welcome in conversation as anywhere else.
5．Having discussed the problem all afternoon, they finally come_up_with a solution to it.
6．If plants were moved from one habitat to the other type of habitat, they changed their appearance and adapted_to the new environment.
[话题短语积累]
1．zero degrees centigrade 零摄氏度
2．50 degrees Fahrenheit 50华氏度
3．freezing point 冰点
4．heat wave 热浪
5．average temperature 平均气温
6．weather forecast 天气预报
7．sub­tropical climate 亚热带气候
8．under the weather 身体不适；在恶劣天气条件下
9．rain or sunshine 风雨无阻
10．be rich in 富含；盛产
11．be separate from ... 与……分离
12．be located in/lie in 坐落于/位于
13．be surrounded by 被……包围/环绕着
14．cover an area of ... 占地面积为……
15．take on a new look 呈现新面貌
16．off the coast of ... 在……海岸附近
17．at the top/foot of ... 在……的顶部/底部(脚下)
18．to/on/in the south of ...在……的南面(相望/接壤/在内)
[三积句式写作扮靓]
[课内句式仿写]
1．not until 置于句首的部分倒装句
[例句] Not until the late 18th century did the British explorer James Cook cross the Antarctic Circle, but he never saw land.
[仿写] 直到他面试失败，他才意识到自信是多么重要。

Not until he had failed in the job interview did_he_realize how important confidence was.
2．名词前有序数词修饰，用动词不定式作后置定语
[例句] Then in 1895, a Norwegian called Carstens Borchgrevink became the first man to set foot on the Antarctic mainland.
[仿写] 她总是第一个到办公室最后一个离开的人，我猜这就是她这么快得到晋升的原因。

She is always the first staff to_go_to_the_office and the last to_leave,_which I guess is why she is promoted so quickly.
3．现在分词短语作伴随状语
[例句] Covering about 14 million square kilometres around the South Pole, it is the fifth largest continent in the world.
[仿写] 我的生活很充实，没有时间闲坐着自怨自艾。

I have a very busy life with no time to sit around feeling_sorry_for_myself.
[话题佳句背诵]
1．Antarctica is a continent centered roughly on the South Pole.
南极洲是一片大致以南极为中心的大陆。

2．They're going to make an expedition to the South Pole.
他们要去南极探险。

3．In the oceans around Antarctica the temperature of the water is extremely low, always below zero.
在南极洲周围的海洋中，水温很低，总在零度以下。

4．Its total land area is 16,808 square kilometers, among which the mountain areas account for 52%.
它的总面积为16 808平方千米，其中山区占52%。

[四背语段语感流畅]
I have learned from your website that you need some people to join the Antarctic expedition.I'm interested in the expedition very much and I'd like to apply to join it.
I'm in good health and have had special training before, especially in extreme climates. As a result, it is not difficult for me to go on an expedition to the Antarctic. Also, my hobbies are extreme sports and adventure travel. Travelling to the Antarctic is my dream. In addition, my major in college was research into polar plants, animals and geography. I'm eager to do some research in Antarctic and would really welcome this challenge.
I would greatly appreciate the chance to join your expedition.
我从你们的网站上了解到，你们需要一些人加入南极探险队。

我对这次探险很感兴趣，因此想申请加入它。

我身体状况很好，以前接受过特殊的训练，尤其是在极端气候条件下。

因此，对我来说去南极探险并不难。

而且，我的爱好是极限运动和冒险旅行。

到南极去旅行是我的梦想。

此外，我在大学的专业是极地植物、动物和地理研究。

我渴望在南极做一些研究，真地欣然接受这一挑战。

我将非常感谢加入你们探险队的这次机会。

[第一板块重点词汇突破]
[师生共研词汇]
1．state n．状态；状况；国家；政府；州v．陈述；声明
[教材原句] Antarctica holds 90% of the world's ice, and most of its fresh water (70%) is in a frozen state, of course.
南极洲拥有世界90%的冰，当然其大部分淡水(70%)都处于一种冰冻状态。

①It_is_stated_that president made_a_statement
deal with the new situation.
据称这位总统发表了一项声明来宣布一些应对新局势的新政策。

②In the face of failure, it is the most important to keep a_good_state_of_mind.
面对失败，最重要的是要保持良好的心态。

2．trap v．储存，留存；使困住；使陷入圈套；使陷入困境n.陷阱；圈套
[教材原句] Gases and minerals, in the form of volcanic dust trapped in the ice, can tell us a lot about what the world's climate was like in past ages.
这些以火山灰的形式封冻进冰层里的气体和矿物质可以告诉我们很多关于远古时期全球气候的状况。

①Don't fall into the trap of investing all your money in one place.
不要把你所有的钱都投资到一个地方。

②The shopkeeper trapped me into buying (buy) their poor quality milk.
售货员诱使我买了他们店里质量不好的牛奶。

③Dozens of people were/got_trapped_in the rubble when the building collapsed.
楼房倒塌，很多人被困在了瓦砾下面。

[联想发散] 表示“被困在……中”的短语还有：
①be/get locked in②be/get caught in
③be/get stuck in ④be/get blocked in
3．promote v．促进，增进；晋升；提升；宣传，促销
[高考佳句] The governments argue that this will help foreigners better join the society and promote understanding across cultures.(2017·浙江高考) 政府说这有助于外国人更好地融入社会并促进文化之间的理解。

get promoted/promotion
did his best to perform his duty.
在等待机会被提拔期间，亨利尽力履行好自己的职责。

②He was promoted from a clerk to a manager after many years of hard work.
→He got/won/gained_promotion from a clerk to a manager after many years of hard work.
多年努力工作之后他由职员晋升为经理。

4．discourage v．阻止；打消……的念头；使气馁
[高考佳句] Yet instead of being discouraged by my slow progress, I was excited.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)
然而我并没有对自己缓慢的进步感到沮丧，相反，我感到兴奋。

We discouraged_him_from giving up the job last month.
上个月，我们劝他不要放弃那份工作。

②Parents should encourage their children to_overcome (overcome) difficulties and inspire them to develop by themselves.
父母应该鼓励他们的孩子克服困难，并且激励他们自我发展。

[词汇过关练]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Our building stays warm at night because the wall traps (trap) the heat of the sun in the daytime.
2．He got rapid promotion (promote), and ended up as a manager.
3．It's a great privilege to_know (know) you, a world­famous physics scientist.
4．It is extremely (extreme) cold outside, so you'd better put on more clothes if you go out.
5．It was his absence (absent) of mind during driving that resulted in a terrible accident.
6．In the long run, one should save money for emergencies (emerge)．
7．Inspired (inspire) by the speech, the little girl made up her mind to work even harder.
8．All the students are advised to keep a balanced (balance) diet for their health.
9．They thought his behavior was abnormal (normal), for he didn't behave as usual.
10．There was a depressing (depress) feeling in the office when the news of job cuts was announced.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．She is in a poor state health, which worries her mother much.state_后加of_
2．I wanted to know when he was promoted for the present position.for→to 3．We tried to discourage him of going out in the storm, but he turned a deaf ear and went regardless.of→from_
4．Trapping in loveless marriages, many women feel that life is colorless.Trapping→Trapped
5．The pool ranges from one meter to four meters in deep.deep→depth
Ⅲ.单句写作(补全句子/完成语段)
1．用state 相关短语补全句子
①After the earthquake, the roads are in_a_terrible_state (处于糟糕的状态)．
②An important factor in determining how well you perform in an examination is
the_state_of_your_mind (你的精神状态)．
③Those who disagree with the plan can state_your_views (陈述你们的看法) now.
2．许多人仍然被困在燃烧着的大楼里。

(remain trapped in)
Many people remained_trapped_in_the_burning_building.
3．回到家以后，她发现自己被骗而购买了那些无用的药。

(trap sb. into doing) Returning home, she found_herself_trapped_into_buying_the_useless_medicines.
4．因为他的良好表现，他很快就被提拔到公司的一个更高职位。

(promote sb. to ...) Because of his good performance, he was_soon_promoted_to_a_higher_position in the company.
5．My friends ①discouraged_me_from_giving_up (劝我不要放弃) the experiment. They told me ②not_to_get_discouraged (不要气馁) by setbacks because it was new to me after all. Tim also ③encouraged_me_to_try (鼓励我试试) it again.
[第二板块短语、句式突破]
1．stand out 突出；显眼
[教材原句] Since most Antarctic rocks are dark in colour, they stand out against the white background and are easy to identify and collect.
由于南极洲的大多数岩石是深色的，所以它们在白色冰雪的映衬下格外显眼，也就易于识别和搜集。

①The olive branch stands_for peace.
橄榄枝象征着和平。

②As citizens of our country, it is our duty and responsibility to stand_up_for the legal rights of our own in the election.
作为我们国家的公民，在选举中维护我们的法定权利是我们的责任和义务。

2．in case of如果；假使；万一；以免
[教材原句] Medical assistance is available in case of an emergency.
在紧急情况下可以得到医疗救助。

holiday, in_case
我在度假时随身带着驾照，以防自己需要租车。

②We must apply what we have learned to our daily work because in_no_case should theory be separated from practice.
我们必须把所学的知识应用到日常工作中去，因为理论与实践绝不能分开。

③There is no simple answer, as_is_often_the_case in science.
科学往往如此，它没有一个简单的答案。

的几种情况：
①Mo Yan is the_first_writer_to_win the Nobel Prize in Literature in China.
莫言是中国第一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的作家。

②I don't think him to be the best man to_do (do) the job because he is very careless.
因为他非常粗心，我认为他并非是做这项工作的最佳人选。

③The students are looking forward to having an opportunity to_explore (explore) soc iety of real­life experience.
学生们在盼望着有一个去探索社会、获得现实生活经验的机会。

④Volunteering gives you a chance to_change (change) lives, including your own.
志愿者活动给了你一个改变人生的机会，包括你自己的。

[短语、句式过关练]
Ⅰ.用case短语补全句子
1．I am determined to become a film­maker. In_that_case (如果是那样的话), I shall direct many good movies for the audience.
2．Leave your key with your neighbor in_case (以防) you lock yourself out one day.
3．As_is_often_the_case (情况往往如此) with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.
4．I don't see why I couldn't do it. In_any_case (不管怎样), I'm going to try.
5．In order to be admitted to your ideal university, in_no_case (决不) should you give up hope.
Ⅱ.stand短语填空
1．Having experienced so many things, she has learnt to stand_up_for herself.
2．The new road sign is easy to read; the words stand_out well.
3．We stand_for peaceful settlement of the international dispute.
4．How can you_stand_by and do nothing when she needs help?
Ⅲ.非谓语动词作定语专练(补全句子)
1．昨天他是最后一个离开教室的。

He was the_last_one_to_leave_the_classroom yesterday.
2．据说她有能力做好这一项具有挑战性的工作。

It's said that she_has_the_ability_to_do the challenging work well.
3．你要见那位将从北京请来的医生吗？
Do you want to see the_doctor_to_be_sent_for_from Beijing?
4．正在建设中的那座桥将把这个村庄与那个城镇连接起来。

The_bridge_being_constructed now will link the village to that town.
5．你读过鲁迅翻译的小说吗？
Have you read novels_translated_by_Lu_Xun?
[课堂双线提能] 课堂一刻钟演练，实现教材与高考的对接
提能一用课文词汇写高分作文
state， promote， explorer， expedition， Antarctic， emergency， trap， numb，minus， discourage， stand out， set foot on， adapt to， in no case， in case 1．补全要点句(“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语)
①据说，由于曾经接受过特殊训练，在众多志愿者中表现突出，李明被晋升为一支探险队的队长。

It is stated that Li Ming was promoted to the leader of an expedition as he once had special training and stood_out in many volunteers.
②李明幸运地成为首批去南极的大学生探险者。

Li Ming luckily became one of the first college student explorers to go to the
Antarctic.
③刚开始踏上南极时，他很不适应那儿的环境。

At the beginning when he set_foot_on the Antarctica, he didn't adapt_to the conditions there.
④曾经有一次他和队友们遇到了紧急情况，被困在暴风雪中，在零下30度的野外几乎失去知觉。

Once he and his teammates met with an emergency where they were trapped in
a snowstorm. They were almost num
b at minus 30℃ in the open air.
⑤他意识到无论如何不能灰心丧气，以防有人在那儿丢了性命。

最终他们被救了。

He realized that he was in_no_case discouraged in_case someone lost his life there. At last, they were saved.
2．升级平淡句
(1)把句④升级为形容词作伴随状语的句子
Once he and his teammates met with an emergency where they were trapped in
a snowstorm, almost num
b at minus 30℃ in the open air.
(2)把句⑤that从句变为倒装结构
He realized that in no case was he discouraged in case someone lost his life there.At last, they were saved.
3．衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：as a result, at that time)
It is stated that Li Ming was promoted to the leader of an expedition as he once had special training and stood out in many volunteers.As a result, Li Ming luckily became one of the first college student explorers to go to the Antarctic. At the beginning when he set foot on the Antarctica, he didn't adapt to the conditions there. Once he and his teammates met with an emergency where they were trapped in a snowstorm, almost numb at minus 30℃ in the open air. At that time he realized that in no case was he discouraged in case someone lost his life there. At last, they were saved.
提能二用课文句型解构高考长难句[本单元突破点——含倒装句式的复杂句]
南极洲是人类最后到达的大陆，也叫“第七大陆”。

位于地球最南端，土地几乎都在南极圈内，四周濒临太平洋、印度洋和大西洋。

是世界上地理纬度最高的一个洲，同时也是跨经度最多的一个大洲。

总面积约1 400万平方千米，约占世界陆地总面积的9.4%，位于七大洲面积的第五位。

纵观历年各地高考试题，此话题多在阅读理解、书面表达等题型中进行考查。

话题与语篇
[考题示例] (2016·全国卷Ⅱ阅读D)
[1]A new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life.
[2]Frank Hurley's pictures would be outstanding —undoubtedly first­rate photo­jo urnalism — if they had been made last week. In fact, they were shot from 1914 through 1916, most of them after a disastrous shipwreck (海难), by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival. Many of the images were stored in an ice chest, under freezing water, in the damaged wooden ship.
[3]The ship was the Endurance, a small, tight, Norwegian­built three­master that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and scientists, 27 men in all, to the southernmost shore of Antarctica's Weddell Sea. From that point
Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled (雪橇) across the continent. The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done. Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back.
[4]As writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her forceful and well­researched story The Endurance, adventuring was even then a thoroughly commercial effort. Scott's last journey, completed as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger, caught the world's imagination, and a film made in his honor drew crowds.Shackleton, a onetime British merchant­navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography. Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic, was hired to make the images，most of which have never before been published.
1．What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley?
A．They were made last week.
B．They showed undersea sceneries.
C．They were found by a cameraman.
D．They recorded a disastrous adventure.
2．Who reached the South Pole first according to the text?
A．Frank Hurley. B．Ernest Shackleton.
C．Robert Falcon Scott. D．Caroline Alexander.
3．What does Alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage?
A．Artistic creation. B．Scientific research.
C．Money making. D．Treasure hunting.
[策略指导]
(一)这样读文
第1步：宏观把握文章大意
第2步：微观突破理解障碍
[自主翻译] 沙克尔顿曾经是一位英国的商船队官员，在1908年到达距南极100英里的范围内了，并且他在1914年航行前开办了一个公司来从电影和剧照摄影中赚钱。

(二)这样做题
[名师解题]
1．细节理解题。

选D 根据第二段第二句可知，弗兰克·赫尔利的照片拍摄于1914年至1916年，大多数是在经历一次海难之后，在没有生存希望的情况下拍摄的，由此可判断它们记录了一次海难。

故选D。

2．细节理解题。

选C 根据第三段中的“The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done.” 以及下句可知，1912年罗伯特·法尔肯·斯科特船长到达了南极，而“坚忍号”航行的目的是超越他所取得的成就，但是遭遇了海难，由此可判断罗伯特·法尔肯·斯科特船长到达南极的时间更早。

3．细节理解题。

选 C 根据第四段第一句中的“a thoroughly commercial effort”可知，卡罗琳·亚历山大认为那时的冒险完全是一种商业性的活动，也就是为了赚钱，因此可判断选C。

[阅读理解系列技法31] 细节理解题干扰项的设置方式
本文的这三道题均考查了细节理解题。

细节理解题要特别注意排除干扰项。

如第1题中的A项“They were made last week.”属于“曲解文意”类干扰项，根据第二段第一句“Frank Hurley's pictures ... undoubtedly first­rate photo­journalism — if they had been made last week.”可知“如果这些照片是上周被拍摄的话，那么也会是一流的。

”实际上这些照片是1914年左右拍摄的。

说明A项明显错误。

干扰项的设置方法除了“曲解文意”之外，通常还有以下几种方式：
1．张冠李戴。

命题者把文章作者的观点与他人的观点混淆起来，题干问的是作者的观点，选项中出现的却是他人的观点；或者题干问的是他人的观点，却把作者的观点放到选项中去。

2．偷梁换柱。

干扰项用了与原文相似的句型结构和大部分相似的词汇，却在不易引人注意的地方换了几个词汇，造成句意的改变。

3．无中生有。

干扰项往往是生活的基本常识和普遍接受的观点，但在原文中并无相关的信息支持点，这种选项的设置往往与问题的设问毫不相干。

4．以偏概全。

考生在做猜测文章中心思想、给文章添加标题或判断推理题时，往往会犯以偏概全的错误。

产生这类错误的原因是考生受思维定势的影响或考虑不周，以局部代替整体。

其具体表现为合理关联与不合理关联、准确概括与不准确概括之间的错位。

不合理关联就是表层理解与深层理解相混淆。

表层理解是对文章中客观事实的感知和记忆，往往是文章直接表述的结论；深层理解则是对文章中的客观事实进行逻辑推理、总结或概括后得出的结论。

不准确概括是指不能准确地按题目要求概括或提取文中的表层或深层信息。

(三)这样积累
1．voyage n．旅行；航行
2．reasonable adj. 合理的，公道的
3．expectation n. 期待；预期；指望
4．survival n. 幸存，残存
5．freezing adj. 冰冻的；严寒的
6．crew n. 队，组；全体人员
7．companion n. 同伴；朋友；指南
8．bring ... back to life 使……复活，复苏
9．make clear 澄清，说明，弄清楚
10．first­rate photo­journalism 一流的新闻摄影
[单元检测·高考提能]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Meet Ben Saunders: adventurer, athlete, motivational speaker. Ben, at the age of 23, was the youngest man to ski solo (单人滑雪) to the North Pole. He dragged a 180­kilogramme sledge (雪橇) over 1,420 miles through the worst Arctic conditions. This year, as well as planning a return to the Arctic, Ben plans to ski solo from the Antarctic coast to the South Pole and back in the autumn, carrying all his supplies on his sledge.
Ben Saunders was fired after persuading the firm to support his disorganized first adventure. “Everything that could go wrong did go wrong. We were attacked by a bear. We started running out of food. It was just desperate. And we didn't get to the Pole; we didn't get there, so we had no media interest. No one heard about it: no book deal, and no speaking. I was so unhappy.”
People said it was impossib le for me to get to the Pole. I said, “No, I can
get there，” and I did. Self­belief, I see it as being a bit like a muscle — it's my belief that the more you stretch yourself the stronger it gets. If you never do anything that's uncomfortable or risky then your self­belief gets weaker. So that's one of the lessons I've figured out along the way. The thing that I've stretched and tested is my self­belief.
“My Antarctic adventure is just practicable and that's what is exciting to me. If I knew it was possible, if I knew I could do it without too much bother, I wouldn't be interested.” Why? “Personally I'm attracted by the human performance element to it. Not that long ago, running a marathon was seen as the top point of human attempt, and now I wouldn't be that surprised if my mum said she was going to run one next year.”
People's horizons (见识) are changing. “I'm not particularly gifted, and I'm absolutely average. I've just chosen this one goal to achieve and I've been working hard to realize it. That's it. And that's the thing that attracts me: with enough training and enough determination, enough focus and preparation, how far can we go? And I don't think I've found out yet.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。

文章主要介绍了英国队长“极地探险勇士”本·桑德斯。

1．What do we know about Ben Saunders' first adventure?
A．There was no press coverage.
B．It was supported by his company.
C．It was well planned and organized.
D．He actually reached the North Pole.
解析：选A 细节理解题。

由第二段中的“we didn't get there, so we had no media interest”可知，在本·桑德斯的第一次北极探险中，由于他们没有到达北极，所以没有引起媒体的关注。

2．According to Ben Saunders, if you want to stretch your self­belief, you should ________.
A．often test your confidence
B．try something adventurous
C．aim to reach the North Pole
D．always stretch your muscles
解析：选B推理判断题。

由第三段中的“If you never do anyth ing that's uncomfortable or risky then your self­belief gets weaker.”可知，本·桑德斯认为
如果你从不做任何不舒服或有风险的事情，那么你的自我信念就会变弱，因此，如果想增强
自我信念，就需要尝试一些有挑战的事情。

3．Ben Saunders was excited about his Antarctic adventure because ________.
A．he liked running a marathon
B．he wanted to exercise his body
C．he knew it might be achievable
D．he was sure he could do it easily
解析：选 C 细节理解题。

由倒数第二段中的“My Antarctic adventure is just practicable and that's what is exciting to me.”可知，令本·桑德斯感到兴奋的是他
的南极探险是可行的、可以实现的。

4．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．We have to change our views about adventure.
B．We can never know our possibilities and energies.
C．We should have a reason for going on an adventure.
D．We have to be especially talented to have an adventure.
解析：选B 推理判断题。

由最后一段中的“with enough tra ining and ... how far can we go? And I don't think I've found out yet”可知，我们永远不会知道我们能走
多远，我们不会知道我们的潜能和力量。

B
Madagascar, an island nation off the southeastern coast of Africa, is home to some of the most unusual animals in the world. But many of these species may be in danger. Bushes and low­lying plants have started to take up too much space on the forest floor, providing fuel for wildfires. So scientists are considering using giant tortoises to help prevent the forest fires and thereby help the native wildlife in Madagascar.
Why? Long ago, giant tortoises lived all over Madagascar. They ate up many plants that grew on the forest floor. They also spread the seeds of native trees —keeping the ecosystem in check. But when humans settled on the island over 2,000 years ago, hunting caused the giant tortoises native to the island to become extinct.
Now, scientists plan to ship 300 close relatives of the extinct Madagascaran tortoises to the island. They hope that these tortoises will spread the seeds of native plants and chow_down_on the extra bushes —just like their relatives did long ago.
To find the relatives, scientists studied the fossils (化石) of Madagascar's extinct giant tortoises. They discovered that they were actually very similar to another group of giant tortoises that live on the Aldabra Atoll, a group of islands in the Indian Ocean. When the tortoises first arrive in Madagascar, they will live in an area closed off from the rest of the wildlife. There, researchers will watch the tortoises' every move to see how they will react to the native plants. If all goes well, the tortoises will be released into the wild.
Similar practice has been successful in other places. Take the island of Rodrigues, located east of Madagascar, for example. Seven years ago, tortoises were brought there. Now they are spreading seeds and keeping the bushes from taking over. If the same thing works in Madagascar, the giant tortoises may be used to help out other forests around the world.
语篇解读：非洲岛国马达加斯加为防止森林火灾和保持生态平衡，考虑引进一种巨型龟。

5．The underlined phrase “chow down on” is the closest in meaning to “________”．
A．walk around B．eat up
C．go through D．live with
解析：选B 词义猜测题。

根据画线部分后面的“just like their relatives did long ago”和第二段中的“They ate up many plants that grew on the forest floor.”可知，“chow down on”在句中意为“吃掉”。

6．How will researchers deal with the tortoises to be introduced to Madagascar?
A．They will do an experiment with them.
B．They will always keep them off the wildlife.
C．They will make them adapt to native plants gradually.
D．They will compare them with the extinct tortoises in Madagascar.
解析：选A 细节理解题。

根据第四段内容可知，在引进新的乌龟品种时，科学家们先
要将它们关在一个特定的区域，观察它们是否适应当地的植物，如果一切顺利的话，再考虑
将它们放到自然界中。

也就是说，要先做一个实验，观察它们的反应。

7．By mentioning the island of Rodrigues, the author tries to show ________.
A．the importance of the forests
B．tortoises are widely spread all over the world
C．it used to have the same problem as Madagascar
D．the giant tortoises can bring hope to Madagascar
解析：选D 写作意图题。

根据最后一段信息可推断出，作者介绍在Rodrigues岛上成
功引进乌龟的例子，是想说明乌龟有望改善马达加斯加的环境。

8．What is the best title for the text?
A．Tortoises come to the rescue!
B．Madagascar's native tortoises brought to life!
C．Troubles caused by too many bushes
D．The relationship between tortoises and forests
解析：选A 标题归纳题。

第一段最后一句为本文主旨句。

全文主要介绍岛国马达加斯加为防止森林火灾和保持生态平衡，考虑引进一种巨型龟。

come to the rescue意为“前来营救”。

Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Are you a person that feels you've been gifted with creativity? Do you feel like you can't be creative at school sometimes? __1__ Read the passage and you will get some ideas that can serve as your inspiration.
Employ recycling into your arts and crafts activities. No matter what you are into, there are many ways to involve using objects and supplies that you'd have otherwise thrown away. Save paper, bottles, cardboard and more. And when you work on an arts and crafts project, don't throw away any unused materials. __2__ If you need inspiration for crafts, one of the best places is the Internet. __3__ But the Internet has changed all of that because you can now find thousands of ideas on the Internet for free. Be sure to add your projects and ideas online to share with others as well.
Make friends with people who own or work at the local arts and crafts store. This can help you get valuable deep understanding of sales, styles and special offers. __4__ Also you may probably meet others who are interested in the same crafts that you like.
__5__ A rainy day might seem like the perfect time to do arts and crafts indoors, either alone or with your friends. However, if there are steps like spray (喷洒) painting involved, those are usually better done outside.
A．You may even be able to display your crafts.
B．Many people used to buy books to get ideas for crafting.
C．Then you can paint them and fill them with colored sand.
D．Getting rid of unwanted materials can both be easy and rewarding.
E．That's why you can use arts and crafts to get your creativity again.
F．Even if you don't need them now, you may use them on a future hobby.。