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2001年浙江省国民经济和社会发展的统计公报

2001年浙江省国民经济和社会发展的统计公报

2001年浙江省国民经济和社会发展的统计公报2001年,全省人民在省委、省政府的正确领导下,认真实践江泽民总书记“三个代表”的重要思想,积极应对世界经济衰退的不利影响,继续贯彻中央扩大内需、促进经济增长等一系列方针政策,努力加快经济结构调整和城市化进程,积极推进对外开放,国民经济继续保持较快增长,运行质量进一步改善,社会事业全面发展,“十五”计划开局良好。

一、综合2001年,全省国民经济继续保持较快增长。

农业结构调整取得成效,工业生产适度增长,经济效益明显提高,固定资产投资规模进一步扩大,消费品市场稳中趋旺,外贸出口较快增长,财政金融形势良好,城乡居民生活进一步改善。

2001年,全省实现国内生产总值6700亿元,按可比价格计算,比上年增长10.5%。

其中,第一产业增加值690亿元,增长4.1%;第二产业增加值3440亿元,增长11.0%;第三产业增加值2570亿元,增长11.9%。

第一、二、三产业占国内生产总值的比重由上年的11.0∶52.7∶36.3变为10.3:51.3:38.4。

全省人均国内生产总值为14550元(按常住人口计算,若按户籍人口计算,人均国内生产总值为14850元),增长8.8%。

二、农业2001年是浙江实行粮食购销市场化改革的第一年,全省农业经济在积极发展效益农业、实施战略性结构调整中呈现良好的发展态势,农林牧渔业生产结构调整初见成效,农业生产条件进一步改善,农村工业增势强劲,农村经济综合实力得到提高。

粮食作物生产大幅调减,蔬菜、药材、花卉等经济作物发展迅速,粮经比例渐趋合理。

2001年全省粮食作物播种面积为1875.6千公顷,比上年下降16.0%,粮食总产量1055.8万吨,比上年下降11.8%。

经济作物面积为1370.3千公顷,比上年增长3.7%。

蔬菜、甘蔗、药材播种面积分别为628.0千公顷、17.4千公顷、19.7千公顷,分别增长10.4%、6.4%、19.9%。

花卉种植面积33.9千公顷,增长99.1%。

历史上的今天:6月重大历史事件

历史上的今天:6月重大历史事件

6月1日,国际儿童节·1831年,詹姆斯·罗斯发现北磁极·1859年,美国哲学家杜威诞辰·1904年,胶济铁路通车·1987年,北京儿童电影制片厂成立·2008年,中国大陆所有超市开始实行有偿提供塑料袋6月2日·1815年,拿破仑颁布法国自由宪法·1927年,国学大师王国维投湖·1953年,英国女王伊丽莎白二世加冕(图)·1966年,美国无人飞船“观察者1号”在月球登陆·2004年,上海F1赛道全面建成6月3日·923年,五代十国时代开始·1839年,林则徐在虎门销烟·1935年,诺曼底号客轮创横越大西洋速度纪录(图)·1953年,中国佛教协会成立·2008年,奥巴马成为美国民主党总统候选人6月4日·1928年,张作霖在皇姑屯被炸身亡·1942年,中途岛海战爆发(图)·1946年,贝隆当选阿根廷总统·1961年,被英国侵占的片马归还中国·1998年,中国互联网用户突破一百万6月5日,世界环境保护日·1723年,英国经济学家亚当·斯密诞辰·1910年,短篇小说大师欧·亨利去世·1926年,叶挺独立团攻克湖南攸县·1975年,关闭8年后的苏伊士运河重新开放(图)·1997年,澳大利亚科学家发明微型诊断仪6月6日·1799年,俄国诗人普希金诞辰·1925年,克莱斯勒汽车公司成立·1944年,盟军在诺曼底登陆·1966年,无人宇宙飞船拍下月球表面照片(图)·1981年,袁隆平荣获我国首个特等发明奖6月7日·1914年,第一艘货船通过巴拿马运河(图)·1922年,《妇女杂志》在中国首倡计划生育·1974年,《孙子兵法》和《孙膑兵法》竹简出土·1985年,美国研制镓芯片32位微处理机·2009年,网络游戏WOW的中国运营商9C代理到期6月8日·1824年,加拿大批准第一个专利·1876年,法国女作家乔治·桑逝世·1958年,大跃进运动放出第一颗亩产卫星(图)·2004年,金星凌日·2008年,希腊发生6.5级地震6月9日·1934年,唐老鸭首次亮相·1969年,贺龙逝世(图)·1975年,我国与菲律宾建交·1983年,撒切尔夫人在英国大选中获胜,连任首相·2008年,北京地铁开始使用自动售检票系统6月10日·1505年,明孝宗朱佑樘驾崩(图)·1582年,葡萄牙宣布独立·1723年,英国经济学家亚当·斯密出生·1907年,卢米埃尔兄弟发明彩色照片制作工艺·1929年,英国妇女首次进入内阁6月11日·1776年,英国风景画家康斯太勃尔出生(图)·1903年,塞尔维亚国王和王后遇刺身亡·1915年,中俄蒙签订《恰克图协约》·1963年,中国民主同盟主席沈钧儒逝世·1998年,金温铁路正式开通6月12日·1899年,生物化学家李普曼诞生·1904年,《时报》在上海创刊·1923年,“三大”正式确立国共合作方针·1985年,数学大师华罗庚逝世·2008年,戴龙·罗伯斯打破110米栏世界纪录(图)6月13日·1900年,义和团运动开始·1944年,现任联合国秘书长潘基文诞生·1978年,以色列从黎巴嫩撤军·1981年,美国发现世界首例艾滋病病例·1982年,第十二届世界杯足球赛开幕(图)6月14日,世界献血者日·1777年,美国大陆会议将星条旗定为美国国旗·1899年,日本作家川端康成出生·1952年,美国建造出世界第一艘原子动力潜艇·1963年,苏联第一位妇女进入太空(图)·1993年,神府东胜煤田建设全面铺开6月15日·1389年,科索沃战役爆发·1886年,著名文学家、语文学家夏丏尊出生·1949年,新政协筹备会第一次全体会议举行(图)·1953年,过渡时期总路线提出·1989年,龙羊峡水电站发电·907年,吴越国建立·1890年,中国国学大师陈寅恪出生·1924年,黄埔军校正式开学(图)·1982年,我国首次举行博士论文答辩会·1992年,中共中央、国务院决定加快发展第三产业6月17日,世界防治荒漠化和干旱日·1882年,俄国音乐家斯特拉文斯基诞生·1900年,八国联军攻陷天津大沽炮台·1944年,冰岛共和国成立·1967年,我国第一颗氢弹试验成功(图)·1998年,广深电气化铁路全线建成6月18日·1918年,中日签订吉会铁路垫款合同·1928年,女性首次成功飞越大西洋(图)·1936年,高尔基逝世·1946年,意大利共和国宣告成立·1997年,重庆直辖市正式挂牌6月19日·1908年,清廷将电报收归官办·1925年,省港大罢工开始·1956年,IBM创始人托马斯·沃森病逝·1973年,《火从天降》获普利策奖(图)·2005年,越南总理潘文凯访问美国6月20日,世界难民日·1782年,美国国会通过并正式采用美国国徽图章·1928年,北京更名北平·1974年,我国与特立尼达和多巴哥建交·1991年,上海南浦大桥胜利合龙(图)·1998年,云居寺宣布将把千年石经重新放入地穴·1933年,察哈尔民众抗日同盟军开赴前线抗日·1963年,前巴基斯坦总理贝娜齐尔·布托出生·1985年,格陵兰正式启用自己的旗帜·1990年,伊朗西北部地区发生里氏7.3级强烈地震(图)·2000年,中国电子商务协会正式成立6月22日·1815年,拿破仑第二次宣布退位·1941年,列宁格勒保卫战爆发·1956年,阿尔及尔卡斯巴教堂发生大爆炸(图)·1979年,我国与爱尔兰建交·2008年,比尔·盖茨捐出580亿元全副身家6月23日,国际奥林匹克日·1662年,民族英雄郑成功逝世·1911年,英王乔治五世加冕(图)·1912年,人工智能之父阿兰·图灵出生于伦敦·1961年,《南极条约》生效·1990年,奥林匹克博物馆正式开馆6月24日·1440年,亨利六世建立了伊顿公学·1882年,中国教育家、人口学家马寅初出生·1983年,女性首次进入太空(图)·1985年,欧盟国家签署《申根协定》·2006年,菲律宾总统阿罗约签署法令宣布废除死刑6月25日,全国土地日·1903年,物理学家居里夫人发现了镭(图)·1950年,朝鲜战争爆发·1951年,世界首次播出彩色电视节目·1975年,非洲国家莫桑比克独立·1991年,斯洛文尼亚和克罗地亚独立6月26日,国际禁毒日·1930年,埃及六月起义爆发·1933年,当代指挥大师阿巴多出生·1945年,联合国托管理事会成立·1954年,尼赫鲁评价和平共处五项原则·1994年,引大入秦工程总干渠贯通6月27日·1954年,苏联第一个原子电力站发电·1971年,中国第一艘两万吨级货轮“长风号”下水(图)·1991年,南斯拉夫内战爆发·1994年,上海杨浦大桥与内环线高架顺利接龙·2008年,比尔·盖茨退休6月28日·1645年,清朝颁发剃发令·1838年,英国维多利亚女王举行加冕典礼·1840年,第一次鸦片战争爆发(图)·1949年,北大西洋公约组织成立·2008年,鸟巢竣工完成6月29日·1880年,法国控制南太平洋的塔希提岛·1900年,诺贝尔奖全基金会成立(图)·1925年,省港大罢工爆发·1967年,《百年孤独》发表·1991年,《中华人民共和国水土保持法》正式施行6月30日·1860年,发生关于进化论的“牛津大辩论”·1905年,爱因斯坦阐述狭义相对论·1958年,北京十三陵水库工程全部完工(图)·1967年,《关税及贸易总协定》签订·2008年,世界第一跨径苏通大桥正式通车。

2001年全国大学生数学建模竞赛获奖名单

2001年全国大学生数学建模竞赛获奖名单
5
黄 明 王振华 王建军 刘志为 蔺 青 姚海峰 王宝娟 张 悦 白丽娜 娄姗姗 孙 芳 马 宁 张俊丰 赵彦芳 杨 钢 陈佳生 喻 嘉 王 博 李永光 王 越 林 玲 张景欣 范金龙 张 炜 牛国臣 孙凯明 方跃建 纪玉德 秦洪民 温显峰 贺 强 李 航 惠杨凌 柏 林 陈泽晖 高健敏 张雷洪 孙智林 宋 超 张震宇 邓晓蔚 许 威 俞茜茹 詹宏宏 杨德政 王中华 李国芳 徐宗奇 陈远旭 江 泓 周海淘 胡 涛 张 篁 路 欣 姚莉莉 吴晓明 刘 丹 章 薇 王 安 王贵平 朱延峰 董 垚 王 广 郭群峰 刘德昌 许文俊 吴云峰 李 维 唐 杰 冯明海 黄蔚蓝 朱晓暄 张 睿 刘烨斌 许纬宇 郭 如 丁伊杭 梁 晨 李 红 刘中兵 高 卓 刘岩岩 梁 涛 刘 奇 金中良 欧 鑫 黄小蔚 沈晓静 彭际华 何 玲 尹绍军 吴知李 胡荣萍 潘国忠 冷礼辉 罗 武 刘 焰 黄美珍 蔡丹丹 申 涛 周建勋 李 旺 谭 帅 邓克岩 范亮亮 王灵霞 张 钊 孙红艳 曾 振 欧中洪 赵春锋 李英华 黎刚果 温 亮 王 成 刘俊涛 徐荣武 王 健 刘 勇 鄢智勇 刘 涛 李 俊 崔 敏 潘 斌 李 烨 李建武 刘 辉 孙正伟 史秋芳 张无非 张 弛 严奇琦 许章鹏 黄胜兵 李习珍 苑维然 陈玉君 王小宁 潘秋惠 李珊珊 王 爽 孙宇哲 刘勤一 伍 勇 张宗梅 李 俊 冯建兴 初 剑 陈 茹 宋明霞 谢宝宇 黄锡焘 聂小东 李国胤 张 丽 何文球 徐艳艳 罗健波 潘军锋 王艳伟 金朋飞 张炯扬 徐 颜 晋 刘雪峰 柏荣刚 剑 周玲伶 李 滚 史艺荃 汪宏波 王 伟 杨明周 范美忠 杨肖霞 吕仕钦 朱淑侦 张素芳 吴慧科 李星北 黄 羡 徐玮玮 张洋洋 季春霖 史洪伟 史先亚 张富伟 曹海峰 王晨光 孔 亮 赵 向 军 邓 毅 林国基 杰 程 翔 胡亦斌

中继站的协调问题

中继站的协调问题

关键词: 中继站协调
最少中继站 线线模型
拒绝法
1
一、问题重述
1.1 问题背景 甚高频( Very HighFrequency)不能进行远距离传输的缺点可以用设立中继 站的方法所克服。 然而中继站之间会相互影响, 除非有足够远的距离或通过充分 分离的频率传送。一种叫做 CTCSS 的技术可以减轻干扰问题,它通过给语音信 号附加上特殊的 PL 来区分形同频率的信号,使相邻的两个中继站可以使用相同 的频率对。 如何在给定的区域和给定的在线用户数量和分布的前提下建立中继站 使之数量最小服务能力最优成为了中继站设立问题的关键。 1.2 目标任务 问题一: 用最少量的中继站来容纳 1000 同时在线用户。 假设频谱范围是 145 到 148 兆赫,在中继站中的发射机的频率要么是 600 千赫以上,要么低于接收机 频率 600 千赫、并且这里有 54 个不同的 PL 可用。 问题二:如果这里有 10,000 个用户,如何改变你的解决方案。 问题三:在由于山区引起信号传播的阻碍的地区,讨论这样的情形。
(2)
图 1
用户均匀分布,随机产生 500 条通信连接
4.1.3 问题求解 当有 1000 个用户,流程图如下:
4
将 1000 个用户分为 500 对。如图,设每对间距离为 d1,d2„„d500。
从小到大排列 dn,d1 为最大,d500 为最小。
建立一个 PL1 的中继器 1 在图中心。
判断覆盖对数是否大于 150。 否
M 1.5* Af
计算得到一个中继站覆盖范围为 15.69 英里。 根据公式:
N 1 2 /
得出一个中继站能提供 150 个服务频道。 建立线线模型,应用“拒绝法”,先覆盖距离最大的通信连接,反复应用 “拒绝法”,最后得出最少中继站数。利用 MATLAB 编程得到 1000 个用户同 时在线最少需要 126 个中继站。 针对问题二:用户变为 10000 个,由于问题一中继站频道利用率不高,将 问题一的模型改进,采用折线覆盖的方法,尽可能的提高中继站频道的利用率。 利用 MATLAB 编求程到 10000 个用户同时在线最少需要 298 个中继站。 针对问题三:山区对信号的影响,考虑到可以将中继站建设在山顶上,则 中继站的覆盖范围变大, 可以将地面的中继站去掉, 只考虑在山顶上建设中继站, 分析得到 1000 个用户同时在线最少需要 40 个中继站。

历史上的6月2日

历史上的6月2日

历史上的6月2日6月2日是公历一年中的第153天(闰年第154天),离全年结束还有212天。

重大事件编辑260年——魏元帝曹髦讨伐司马昭,夙败被杀。

455年——汪达尔人劫掠罗马。

1582年——织田信长的得力部下明智光秀在京都的本能寺中起兵谋反,杀害其主人信长。

几近统一日本,结束战国乱世的织田信长殒命,日本历史也由此被改写。

1793年——巴黎人民举行第三次起义,法国雅各宾派执政。

1815年——拿破仑颁布法国自由宪法。

1838年——清大臣上奏,欲将吸食鸦片者处以死刑。

1847年——共产主义者同盟第一次代表大会在伦敦召开。

1875年——美国人贝尔和他的助手华生设计、制造出了世界上第一部电话。

1886年——美国总统格罗弗·克利夫兰于白宫举行婚礼,是史上唯一一位在任期内结婚的美国总统。

1896年——意大利发明家马可尼在英国获得他发明的无线电技术的专利。

1907年——广东惠州七女湖起义。

1921年——清华教授赵元任和杨步伟举行新式结婚。

1927年——国学大师王国维自沉。

1934年——中央苏区动员群众节粮支前。

1939年——古巴拒绝犹太难民船只入境。

1942年——中美签署《中美租借协定》。

1942年——中共中央总学习委员会成立。

1946年——意大利举行决定国家政体的公民投票,意大利王国被废除,意大利共和国成立。

1949年——青岛解放。

1949年——京沪杭战役胜利结束。

1953年——英国女王伊丽莎白二世在威斯敏斯特大教堂举行加冕典礼。

1958年——中央发出《关于企业、事业单位和技术力量下放的规定》。

1962年——邓小平“好猫论”出台。

1963年——徐廷泽驾机起义光荣归来。

1966年——美国无人飞船“观察者-1号”在月球登陆,并发送回了大量月球表面照片,把月球表面的细部拍得清清楚楚。

1968年——中央对高校毕业生分配做出新规定1983年——加拿大航空797号班机发生大火,23人死亡。

1984年——印度金庙事件发生1986年——福州医院副院长陈紫榕等在中国科学院上海生化所等单位协助下研制出的免疫调节剂胸腺因子D在福州通过鉴定。

2001年6月大学英语六级CET6真题及答案

2001年6月大学英语六级CET6真题及答案

洛基英语,中国在线英语教育领导品牌Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Example: You will hear:You will read:A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours”is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) He will tell Mary how to operate the dishwasher.B) He will wash the dishes himself instead.C) He will help Bill to translate the manual.D) He himself will operate the dishwasher.2. A) Lose weight.B) Quit smoking.C) Weigh himself frequently.D) Have a talk with the doctor.3. A) The woman should have complained to her neighbor.B) The woman should stay out until the neighbors are quiet.C) The woman should have stayed at the library.D) The lab will be a better place for reading.4. A) Check the figures later today.B) Bring a calculator tomorrow.C) Bring a calculator tomorrow.D) Calculate the number right now.5. A) She doesn’t remember much about the city.B) She’s never been to the city.C) She would find someone else to help.D) She would talk to the man later.6. A) She thinks the man should have helped earlier.B) She doesn’t need the man’s help.C) She doesn’t know the boxes are heavy.D) She wants the man to help with the boxes.7. A) She let the man use her books for the weekend.B) She brought the books the man asked for.C) She borrowed the books from the man.D) She offered to help the man.8. A) She’d like to have the windows open.B) She likes to have the air conditioner on.C) The air is heavily polluted.D) The windows are already open.9. A) He’s going to visit a photo studio.B) He’s just had his picture taken.C) He’s on the way to the theater.D) He’s just returned from a job interview.10. A) At a gas station.B) In a park.C) In an emergency room.D) At a garage.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage oneQuestion 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) One sixth of them are seriously polluted.B) One third of them are seriously polluted.C) Half of them are seriously polluted.D) Most of them are seriously polluted.12. A) There was no garbage left to clean up.B) There was more garbage than before and they had to work harder.C) The river had become so clean that a lot of water-birds came back.D) The river was much cleaner and they had to search for garbage.13. A) Most of them would be indifferent and keep on throwing garbage into the river.B) They would join the students in changing the situation.C) They would become more aware of the pollution problem.D) They would think twice before they went swimming or fishing in the river.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) Why people hold back their tears.B) Why people cry.C) How to restrain one’s tears.D) How tears are produced.15. A) What chemicals tears are composed of.B) Whether crying really helps us feel better.C) Why some people tend to cry more often than others.D) How tears help people cope with emotional problems.16. A) Only one out of four girls cries less often than boys.B) Of four boys, only one cries very often.C) Girls cry four times as often as boys.D) Only one out of four babies doesn’t cry often.17. A) Only humans respond to emotions by shedding tears.B) Only humans shed tears to get rid of irritating stuff in their eyes.C) Only human tears can resist the invading bacteria.D) Only human tears can discharge certain chemicals.Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) They make decisions by tossing coins.B) They are not physically separated.C) They think exactly the same way.D) They share most of their vital organs.19. A) Few of them can live long.B) Few of them get along well with each other.C) Most of them live a normal life.D) Most of them differ in their likes and dislikes.20. A) They go to a regular school.B) They attend a special school.C) They are taught by their parents.D) They have a private tutor.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Direction: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B) C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:Our culture has caused most Americans to assume not only that our language is universal but that the gestures we use are understood by everyone. We do not realize that waving good-bye is the way to summon a person from the Philippines to one’sside, or that in Italy and some Latin-American countries, curling the finger to oneself is a sign of farewell.Those private citizens who sent packages to our troops occupying Germany after World War II and marked them GIFT to escape duty payments did not bother to find out that “Gift”means poison in German. Moreover, we like to think of ourselves as friendly, yet we prefer to be at least 3 feet or an arm’s length away form others. Latins and Middle Easterners like to come closer and touch, which makes Americans uncomfortable.Our linguistic(语言上的)and cultural blindness and the casualness with which we take notice of the developed tastes, gestures, customs and languages of other countries, are losing us friends, business and respect in the world.Even here in the United States, we make few concessions to the needs of foreign visitors. There are no information signs in four languages on our public buildings or monuments; we do not have multilingual(多语的)guided tours. Very few restaurant menus have translations, and multilingual waiters, bank clerks and policemen are rare. Our transportation systems have maps in English only and often we ourselves have difficulty understanding them.When we go abroad, we tend to cluster in hotels and restaurants where English is spoken. The attitudes and information we pick up are conditioned by those natives—usually the richer—who speak English. Our business dealings, as well as the nation’s diplomacy, are conducted through interpreters.For many years, America and Americans could get by with cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance. After all, America was the most powerful country of the free world, the distributor of needed funds and goods.But all that is past. American dollars no longer buy all good things, and we are slowly beginning to realize that our proper role in the world is changing. A 1979 Harris poll reported that 55 percent of Americans want this country to play a more significant role in world affairs; we want to have a hand in the important decisions of the next century, even though it may not always be the upper hand.21. It can be inferred that Americans being approached too closely by Middle Easterners would most probably ______________.A) stand stillB) jump asideC) step forwardD) draw back22. The author gives many examples to criticize Americans for their ___________.A) cultural self-centerednessB) casual mannersC) indifference toward foreign visitorsD) arrogance towards other cultures23. In countries other than their own most Americans _______________.A) are isolated by the local peopleB) are not well informed due to the language barrierC) tend to get along well with the nativesD) need interpreters in hotels and restaurants24. According to the author, Americans’cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance will ____________.A) affect their image in the new eraB) cut themselves off from the outside worldC) limit their role in world affairsD) weaken the position of the US dollar25. The author’s intention in writing this article is to make Americans realize that ________.A) it is dangerous to ignore their foreign friendsB) it is important to maintain their leading role in world affairsC) it is necessary to use several languages in public placesD) it is time to get acquainted with other culturesPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:In department stores and closets all over the world, they are waiting. Their outward appearance seems rather appealing because they come in a variety of styles, textures, and colors. But they are ultimately the biggest deception that exists in the fashion industry today. What are they? They are high heels —a woman’s worst enemy (whether she knows it or not). High heel shoes are the downfall of modern society. Fashion myths have led women to believe that they are more beautiful or sophisticated for wearing heels, but in reality, heels succeed in posing short as well as long term hardships. Women should fight the high heel industry by refusing to use or purchase them in order to save the world from unnecessary physical and psychological suffering.For the sake of fairness, it must be noted that there is a positive side to high heels. First, heels are excellent for aerating(使通气)lawns. Anyone who has ever worn heels on grass knows what I am talking about. A simple trip around the yard in a pair of those babies eliminates all need to call for a lawn care specialist, and provides the perfect-sized holes to give any lawn oxygen without all those messy chunks of dirt lying around. Second, heels are quite functional for defense against oncoming enemies, who can easily be scared away by threatening them with a pair of these sharp, deadly fashion accessories.Regardless of such practical uses for heels, the fact remains that wearing high heels is harmful to one’s physical health. Talk to any podiatrist(足病医生), and you will hear that the majority of their business comes from high-heel-wearing women. High heels are known to cause problems such as deformed feet and torn toenails. The risk of severe back problems and twisted or broken ankles is three times higher for a high heel wearer than for a flat shoe wearer. Wearing heels also creates the threat of getting a heel caught in a sidewalk crack or a sewer-grate(阴沟栅)and being thrown to the ground—possibly breaking a nose, back, or neck. And of course, after wearing heels for a day, any woman knows she can look forward to a night of pain as she tries to comfort her swollen, aching feet.26. What makes women blind to the deceptive nature of high heels?A) The multi-functional use of high heels.B) Their attempt to show off their status.C) The rich variety of high heel styles.D) Their wish to improve their appearance.27. The author’s presentation of the positive side of high heels is meant ______________.A) to be ironicB) to poke fun at womenC) to be fair to the fashion industryD) to make his point convincing28. The author uses the expression “those babies”(Line 3, Para.2) to refer to high heels __________.A) to show their fragile characteristicsB) to indicate their feminine featuresC) to show women’s affection for themD) to emphasize their small size29. The author’s chief argument against high heels is that ____________.A) they pose a threat to lawnsB) they are injurious to women’s healthC) they don’t necessarily make women beautifulD) they are ineffective as a weapon of defense30.It can be inferred from the passage that women should _______________.A) see through the very nature of fashion mythsB) boycott the products of the fashion industryC) go to a podiatrist regularly for adviceD) avoid following fashion too closelyPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:It is hardly necessary for me to cite all the evidence of the depressing state of literacy. These figures from the Department of Education are sufficient: 27 million Americans cannot read at all, and a further 35 million read at a level that is less than sufficient to survive in our society.But my own worry today is less that of the overwhelming problem of elemental literacy than it is of the slightly more luxurious problem of the decline in the skill even of he middle-class reader, of his unwillingness to afford those spaces of silence, those luxuries of domesticity and time and concentration, that surround the image of the classic act of reading. it has been suggested that almost 80 percent of America’s literate, educated teenagers can no longer read without an accompanying noise (music) in the background or a television screen flickering(闪烁)at the corner of their field of perception. We know very little about the brain and how it deals with simultaneous conflicting input, but every common-sense intuition suggests we should be profoundly alarmed. This violation of concentration, silence, solitude(独处的状态)goes to the very heart of our notion of literacy; this new form of part-reading, ofpart-perception against background distraction, renders impossible certain essential acts of apprehension and concentration, let alone that most important tribute any human being can pay to a poem or a piece of prose he or she really loves, which is to learn it by heart. Not by brain, by heart; the expression is vital.Under these circumstances, the question of what future there is for the arts of reading is a real one. Ahead of us lie technical, psychic(心理的), and social transformations probably much more dramatic than those brought about by Gutenberg, the German inventor in printing. The Gutenberg revolution, as we now know it, took a long time; its effects are still being debated. The information revolution will touch every facet of composition, publication, distribution, and reading. No one in the book industry can say with any confidence what will happen to the book, as we’ve known it.31. The picture of the reading ability of the American people, drawn by the author, is _____.A) rather bleakB) fairly brightC) very impressiveD) quite encouraging32. The author’s biggest concern is ____________.A) elementary school children’s disinterest in reading classicsB) the surprisingly low rate of literacy in the U.S.C) the musical setting American readers require for readingD) the reading ability and reading behavior of the middle class33. A major problem with most adolescents who can read is ___________.A) their fondness of music and TV programsB) their ignorance of various forms of art and literatureC) their lack of attentiveness and basic understandingD) their inability to focus on conflicting input34. The author claims that the best way a reader can show admiration for a piece of poetry or prose is ____________.A) to be able to appreciate it and memorize itB) to analyze its essential featuresC) to think it over conscientiouslyD) to make a fair appraisal of its artistic value35. About the future of the arts of reading the author feels ____________.A) upsetB) uncertainC) alarmedD) pessimisticPassage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:For centuries, explorers have risked their lives venturing into the unknown for reasons that were to varying degrees economic and nationalistic. Columbus went west to look for better trade routes to the Orient and to promote the greater glory of Spain. Lewisand Clark journeyed into the American wilderness to find out what the U.S. had acquired when it purchased Louisiana, and the Appolo astronauts rocketed to the moon in a dramatic show of technological muscle during the cold war.Although their missions blended commercial and political-military imperatives, the explorers involved all accomplished some significant science simply by going where no scientists had gone before.Today Mars looms(隐约出现)as humanity’s next great terra incognita(未探明之地). And with doubtful prospects for a short-term financial return, with the cold war a rapidly fading memory and amid a growing emphasis on international cooperation in large space ventures, it is clear that imperatives other than profits or nationalism will have to compel human beings to leave their tracks on the planet’s reddish surface. Could it be that science, which has long played a minor role in exploration, is at last destined to take a leading role? The question naturally invites a couple of others: Are there experiments that only humans could do on Mars? Could those experiments provide insights profound enough to justify the expense of sending people across interplanetary space?With Mars the scientific stakes are arguably higher than they have ever been. The issue of whether life ever existed on the planet, and whether it persists to this day, has been highlighted by mounting evidence that the Red Planet once had abundant stable, liquid water and by the continuing controversy over suggestions that bacterial fossils rode to Earth on a meteorite(陨石)from Mars. A more conclusive answer about life on Mars, past or present, would give researchers invaluable data about the range of conditions under which a planet can generate the complex chemistry that leads to life. If it could be established that life arose independently on Mars and Earth, the finding would provide the first concrete clues in one of the deepest mysteries in all of science: the prevalence of life in the universe.36. According to the passage, the chief purpose of explorers in going to unknown places in the past was ______________.A) to display their country’s military mightB) to accomplish some significant scienceC) to find new areas for colonizationD) to pursue commercial and state interests37. At present, a probable inducement for countries to initiate large-scale space ventures is _____________.A) international cooperationB) nationalistic reasonsC) scientific researchD) long-term profits38. What is the main goal of sending human missions to Mars?A) To find out if life ever existed there.B) To see if humans could survive there.C) To prove the feasibility of large-scale space ventures.D) To show the leading role of science in space exploration.39. By saying “With Mars the scientific stakes are arguably higher than they haveever been”(Line 1, Para.4), the author means that _________________.A) with Mars the risks involved are much greater than any previous space venturesB) in the case of Mars, the rewards of scientific exploration can be very highC) in the case of Mars, much more research funds are needed than ever beforeD) with Mars, scientists argue, the fundamental interests of science are at issue40. The passage tells us that proof of life on Mars would _______________.A) make clear the complex chemistry in the development of lifeB) confirm the suggestion that bacterial fossils traveled to Earth on a meteoriteC) reveal the kind of conditions under which life originatesD) provide an explanation why life is common in the universePart III V ocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.41. If you want this painkiller, you’ll have to ask the doctor for a ______________.A) transaction B) permitC) settlement D) prescription42. The _____________ from childhood to adulthood is always a critical time for everybody.A) conversion B) transitionC) turnover D) transformation43.It is hard to tell whether we are going to have a boom in the economy or a __________.A) concession B) recessionC) submission D) transmission44. His use of color, light and form quickly departed from the conventional style of his ________ as he developed his own technique.A) descendants B) predecessorsC) successors D) ancestors45. Failure in a required subject may result in the ______________ of a diploma.A) refusal B) betrayalC) denial D) burial46. To help students understand how we see, teachers often draw an _____________ between an eye and a camera.A) image B) analogyC) imitation D) axis47. A 1994 World Bank report concluded that ______________ girls in school was probably the single most effective anti-poverty policy in the developing world today.A) assigning B) admittingC) involving D) enrolling48. The author of the report is well ______________ with the problems in the hospital because he has been working there for many years.A) acquainted B) informedC) accustomed D) known49. When the farmers visited the city for the first time, they were _________________ by its complicated traffic system.A) evoked B) bewilderedC) diverted D) undermined50. If Japan ________________ its relation with that country it will have to find another supplier of raw materials.A) precludes B) terminatesC) partitions D) expires51. They were ________________ in their scientific research, not knowing what happened just outside their lab.A) submerged B) drownedC) immersed D) dipped52. You should _______________ to one or more weekly magazines such as Time or Newsweek.A) ascribe B) orderC) reclaim D) subscribe53. The automatic doors in supermarkets ____________ the entry and exit of customers with shopping carts.A) furnish B) induceC) facilitate D) allocate54. Each workday, the workers followed the same schedules and rarely _________ from this routine.A) deviated B) disconnectedC) detached D) distorted55. The little girl was ________________ by the death of her dog since her affection for the pet had been real and deep.A) grieved B) suppressedC) oppressed D) sustained56. A visitor to a museum today would notice __________ changes in the way museums are operated.A) cognitive B) rigorousC) conspicuous D) exclusive57. Most people tend to think they are so efficient at their job that they are ___________.A) inaccessible B) irreversibleC) immovable D) irreplaceable58. Being impatient is __________________ with being a good teacher.A) intrinsic B) ingeniousC) incompatible D) inherent59. For a particular reason, he wanted the information to be treated as ______________.A) assured B) reservedC) intimate D) confidential60. Fortune-tellers are good at making _____ statements such as “Your sorrows will change.”A) philosophical B) ambiguousC) literal D) invalid61. The tenant must be prepared to decorate the house __________ the terms of the contract.A) in the vicinity of B) in quest ofC) in accordance with D) in collaboration with62. The winners of the football championship ran off the field carrying the silver cup ______.A) turbulently B) tremendouslyC) triumphantly D) tentatively63. He said that they had _________ been obliged to give up the scheme for lack of support.A) gravely B) regrettablyC) forcibly D) graciously64. The law on drinking and driving is ___________ stated.A) extravagantly B) empiricallyC) exceptionally D) explicitly65. Their claims to damages have not been convincingly __________.A) refuted B) overwhelmedC) depressed D) intimidated66. Please don’t _________ too much on the painful memories. Everything will be all right.A) hesitate B) lingerC) retain D) dwell67. The jobs of wildlife technicians and biologists seemed ______________ to him, but one day he discovered their difference.A) identical B) verticalC) parallel D) specific68. Mary became ______________ homesick and critical of the United States, so she fled from her home in west Bloomfield to her hometown in Austria.A) completely B) sincerelyC) absolutely D) increasingly69.Despite almost universal ________ of the vital importance of women’s literacy, education remains a dream for far too many women in far too many countries of the world.A) identification B) complimentC) confession D) acknowledgement70. In today’s medical field, little agreement exists on the ______ for defining mental illness.A) legislation B) requirementC) criteria D) measuresPart IV Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash (/) in the blank.Example:Television is rapidly becoming the literatures of our periods. 1. time/times/period Many of the arguments having used for the study of literature. 2. /______As a school subject are valid for ∧study of television. 3. the_________More people die of tuberculosis (结核病) than of anyother disease caused by a single agent. This has probablybeen the case in quite a while. During the early stages of 71. __________the industrial revolution, perhaps one in every seventh 72. __________deaths in Europe’s crowded cities were caused by the 73. __________disease. From now on, though, western eyes, missing the 74. __________global picture, saw the trouble going into decline. Withoccasional breaks for war, the rates of death andinfection in the Europe and America dropped steadily 75. __________through the 19th and 20th centuries. In the 1950s, theintroduction of antibiotics (抗菌素) strengthened thetrend in rich countries, and the antibiotics were allowedto be imported to poor countries. Medical researchers 76. __________declared victory and withdrew.They are wrong. In the mid-1980s the frequency of 77. __________infections and deaths started to pick up again around theworld. Where tuberculosis vanished, it came back; in 78. __________many places where it had never been away, it grew better. 79. __________The World Health Organization estimates that 1.7billion people (a third of the earth’s population) sufferfrom tuberculosis. Even the infection rate wasfalling, population growth kept the number of clinicalcases more or less constantly at 8 million a year. Around 80. __________3 million of those people died, nearly all of them in poorcountries.Part V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter. Suppose you are Zhang Ying. Write a letter to Xiao Wang, a schoolmate of yours who is going to visit you during the week-long holiday. You should write a t least 120 words。

2001年06月大学英语四级真题(含答案)

2001年06月大学英语四级真题(含答案)

2001年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Passage OneQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.People living on parts of the south coast of England face a serious problem. In 1993, the owners of a large hotel and of several houses discovered, to their horror, that their gardens had disappeared overnight. The sea had eaten into the soft limestone cliffs on which they had been built. While experts were studying the problem, the hotel and several houses disappeared altogether, sliding down the cliff and into the sea.Erosion (侵蚀) of the white cliffs along the south coast of England has always been a problem but it has become more serious in recent years. Dozens of homes have had to be abandoned as the sea has crept farther and farther inland. Experts have studied the areas most affected and have drawn up a map for local people, forecasting the year in which their homes will be swallowed up by the hungry sea.Angry owners have called on the Government to erect sea defenses to protect their homes. Government surveyors have pointed out that in most cases, this is impossible. New sea walls would cost hundreds of millions of pounds and would merely make the waves and currents go further along the coast, shifting the problem from one area to another. The danger is likely to continue, they say, until the waves reach an inland area of hard rock which will not be eaten as limestone is. Meanwhile, if you want to buy a cheap house with an uncertain future, apply to a house agent in one of the threatened areas on the south coast of England. You can get a house for a knockdown price but it may turn out to be a knockdown home.11. What is the cause of the problem that people living on parts of the southcoast of England face?A) The disappearance of hotels, houses and gardens.B) The experts’ lack of knowledge.C) The rising of the sea level.D) The washing-away of limestone cliffs.12. The erosion of the white cliffs in the south of England ________.A) will soon become a problem for people living in central EnglandB) has now become a threat to the local residentsC) is quickly changing the map of EnglandD) can be stopped if proper measures are taken13. The experts’ study on the problem of erosion can ________.A) lead to its eventual solutionB) provide an effective way to slow it downC) help to prevent it from worseningD) warn people whose homes are in danger14. It is not feasible to build sea defenses to protect against erosionbecause ________.A) it is too costly and will endanger neighbouring areasB) the government is too slow in taking actionC) they will be easily knocked down by waves and currentsD) house agents along the coast do not support the idea15. According to the author, when buying a house along the south coast ofEngland, people should ________.A) be aware of the potential danger involvedB) guard against being cheated by the house agentC) take the quality of the house into considerationD) examine the house carefully before making a decisionPassage TwoSport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes (运动员). Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological, and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.The early years of development are critical years for learning abut oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents’ and coaches’ criticisms to heart and find a flaw (缺陷) in themselves.Coaches and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the gameshould not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today’s youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game, many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters’performances. Positive reinforcement should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicates that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.16. An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is ________.A) to make sports less competitiveB) to make sports more challengingC) to reduce their mental stressD) to increase their sense of success17. According to the passage sport is positive for young people in that________.A) it can help them learn more about societyB) it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselvesC) it enables them to find flaws in themselvesD) it can provide them with valuable experiences18. Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletes________.A) without realizing criticism may destroy their self confidenceB) in order to make them remember life’s lessonsC) believing that criticism is beneficial for their early developmentD) so as to put more pressure on them19. According to the passage parents and coaches should ________.A) help children to win every gameB) pay more attention to letting children enjoy sportsC) enable children to understand the positive aspect of sportsD) train children to cope with stress10. The author’s purpose in writing the passage is ________.A) to persuade young children not to worry about criticismB) to stress the importance of positive reinforcement to childrenC) to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragementD) to teach young athletes how to avoid burnoutPassage ThreeHumanity uses a little less than half the water available worldwide. Yet occurrences of shortages and droughts (干旱) are causing famine and distress in some areas, and industrial and agricultural by-products are polluting water supplies. Since the world’population is expected to double in the next 50 years, many experts think we are on the edge of a widespread water crisis.But that doesn’t have to be the outcome. Water shortages do not have to trouble the world—if we start valuing water more than we have in the past. Just as we began to appreciate petroleum more after the 1970s oil crises, today we must start looking at water from a fresh economic perspective. We can no longer afford to consider water a virtually free resource of which we can use as much as we like in any way we want.Instead, for all uses except the domestic demand of the poor, governments should price water to reflect its actual value. This means charging a fee for the water itself as well as for the supply costs.Governments should also protect this resource by providing water in more economically and environmentally sound ways. For example, often the cheapest way to provide irrigation (灌溉) water in the dry tropics is through small-scale projects, such as gathering rainfall in depressions (凹地) and pumping it to nearby cropland.No matter what steps governments take to provide water more efficiently, they must change their institutional and legal approaches to water sue. Rather than spread control among hundreds or even thousands of local, regional, and national agencies that watch various aspects of water use, countries should set up central authorities to coordinate water policy.21. What is the real cause of the potential water crisis?A) The world population is increasing faster and faster.B) Half of the world’s water resources have been seriously polluted.C) Humanity has not placed sufficient value on water resources.D) Only half of the world’s water can be used.22. As indicated in the passage, the water problem ________.A) has been exaggerated by some experts in the fieldB) is underestimated by government organizations at different levelsC) poses a challenge to the technology of building reservoirsD) is already serious in certain parts of the world23. According to the author, the water price should ________.A) correspond to its real valueB) be reduced to the minimumC) stimulate domestic demandD) take into account the occurrences of droughts24. The author says that in some hot and dry areas it is advisable to________.A) build big lakes to store waterB) construct big pumping stationsC) channel water from nearby rivers to croplandD) build small and cheap irrigation systems25. In order to raise the efficiency of the water supply, measures shouldbe taken to ________.A) centralize the management of water resourcesB) increase the sense of responsibility of agencies at all levelsC) guarantee full protection of the environmentD) encourage local and regional control of water resourcesPassage FourWe can see how the product life cycle works by looking at the introduction of instant coffee. When it was introduced, most people did not like it as well as “regular”coffee, and it took several years to gain general acceptance (introduction stage). At one point, though, instant coffee grew rapidly in popularity, and many brands were introduced (stage of rapid growth). After a while, people became attached to one brand and sales leveled off (stage of maturity). Sales went into a slight decline (衰退) when freeze-dried coffees were introduced (stage of decline).The importance of the product life cycle to marketers is this: Different stages in the product life cycle call for different strategies. The goal is to extend product life so that sales and profits do not decline. One strategy is called market modification. It means that marketing managers look for new users and market sections. Did you know, for example, that the backpacks that so many students carry today were originally designed for the military?Market modification also means searching for increased usage among present customers or going for a different market, such as senior citizens.A marketer may re-position the product to appeal to new market sections.Another product extension strategy is called product modification. Itinvolves changing product quality, features, or style to attract new users or more usage from present users. American auto manufacturers are using quality improvement as one way to recapture world markets. Note, also, how auto manufacturers once changed styles dramatically from year to year to keep demand from falling.26. According to the passage, when people grow fond of one particular brandof a product, its sales will ________.A) decrease graduallyB) remain at the same levelC) become unstableD) improve enormously27. The first paragraph tells us that a new product is ________.A) not easily accepted by the publicB) often inferior to old ones at firstC) often more expensive than old onesD) usually introduced to satisfy different tastes28. Marketers need to know which of the four stages a product is in so asto ________.A) promote its productionB) work out marketing policiesC) speed up its life cycleD) increase its popularity29. The author mentions the example of “backpacks” (Line 4, Para. 2) toshow the importance of ________.A) pleasing the young as well as the oldB) increasing usage among studentsC) exploring new market sectionsD) serving both military and civil needs30. In order to recover their share of the world market, U.S. auto makersare ________.A) improving product qualityB) increasing product featuresC) modernizing product styleD) re-positioning their product in the marketPart III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)31. By the time he arrives in Beijing, we ________ here for tow days.A) have been staying B) have stayed C) shall stay D) will have stayed32. According to the American federal government, residents of Hawaii havethe longest life ________: 77.2 years.A) scope B) rank C) span D) scale33. The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand,________ all practical value by the time they were finished.A) had lost B) would lose C) would have lost D) should have lost34. As a public relations officer, he is said ________ some very influentialpeople.A) to have been knowing B) to be knowing C) to have known D) to know35. Our hopes ________ and fell in the same instant.A) aroused B) arose C) raised D) rose36. With the development in science and technology man can make variousflowers ________ before their time.A) be bloomed B) blooming C) bloom D) bloomed37. A season ticket ________ the holder to make as many journeys as he wisheswithin the stated period of time.A) grants B) promises C) entitles D) presents38. ________ in the office had made a mistake, and the firm regretted causingthe customer inconvenience.A) Some B) Anyone C) One D) Someone39. In recent years much more emphasis has been put ________ developing thestudents’ productive skills.A) over B) onto C) in D) on40. Only a selected number of landladies in the neighbourhood have beenallowed by the university to take in ________.A) residents B) inhabitants C) lodgers D) settlers41. The fire was finally brought under control, but not ________ extensivedamage had been caused.A) after B) before C) since D) as42. Purchasing the new production line will be a ________ deal for thecompany.A) profitable B) tremendous C) forceful D) favorite43. Rod is determined to get a seat for the concert ________ it means standingin a queue all night.A) provided B) whatever C) even if D) as if44. We hadn’t met for 20 years, but I recognized her ________ I saw her.A) for the moment B) the moment whenC) at the moment when D) the moment45. Though he was born and brought up in America, he can speak ________Chinese.A) smooth B) fluent C) fluid D) flowing46. Government reports, examination compositions, legal documents and mostbusiness letters are the main situations ________ formal language is used.A) in which B) on which C) in that D) at what47. Fifty years ago, wealthy people liked hunting wild animals for fun________ sightseeing.A) than to go B) rather than to go C) more than going D) other thangoing48. If the building project ________ by the end of this month is delayed,the construction company will be fined.A) to be completed B) is completed C) being completed D) completed49. He wrote an article criticizing the Greek poet and won ________ and ascholarship.A) status B) fame C) faith D) courage50. Jack wishes that he ________ business instead of history when he wasin university.A) had studied B) study C) studied D) had been studying51. The older New England villages have changed relatively little ________a gas station or two in recent decades.A) except B) besides C) in addition to D) except for52. The Car Club couldn’t ________ to meet the demands of all its members.A) ensure B) guarantee C) assume D) confirm53. Extensive reporting on television has helped to ________ interest ina wide variety of sports and activities.A) gather B) generate C) assemble D) yield54. The president promised to keep all the board members ________ of howthe negotiations were going on.A) informed B) inform C) be informedD) informing55. Eating too much fat can ________ heart disease and cause high bloodpressure.A) contribute to B) attribute to C) attend to D) devote to56. All the tasks ________ ahead of time, they decided to go on holiday fora week.A) had been fulfilled B) were fulfilledC) having been fulfilled D) been fulfilled57. This article ________ more attention to the problem of culturalinterference in foreign language teaching and learning.A) calls for B) applies for C) cares for D) allows for58. He was punished ________ he should make the same mistake again.A) unless B) lest C) if D) provided59. Petrol is refined from the ________ oil we take out of the ground.A) fresh B) original C) rude D) crude60. ________ in the United States, St. Louis has now become the 24th largestcity.A) The fourth biggest city it was B) Once the fourth biggest cityC) Being the fourth biggest city D) It was once the fourth biggestcityPart IV Cloze (15 minutes)More than forty thousand readers told us that they looked for in close friendships, what they expected __61__ friends, what they were willing to give in __62__, and how satisfied they were __63__ the quality of their friendships. The __64__ give little comfort to social critics.Friendship __65__ to be a unique form of __66__ bonding. Unlike marriage or the ties that __67__ parents and children, it is not defined or regulated by __68__. Unlike other social roles that we are expected to __69__—as citizens, employees, members of professional societies and __70__ organizations—it has its own principle, which is to promote __71__ of warmth, trust, love, and affection __72__ two people.The survey on friendship appeared in the March __73__ of Psychology Today. The findings __74__ that issues of trust and betrayal (背叛) are __75__ to friendship. They also suggest that our readers do not __76__ for friends only among those who are __77__ like them, but find many __78__ differ in race, religion, and ethnic (种族的) background. Arguably the most important __79__ that emerges from the data, __80__, is not something that we found —but what we did not.61. A) on B) of C) to D) for62. A) addition B) reply C) turn D) return63. A) about B) of C) with D) by64. A) results B) effects C) expectations D) consequences65. A) feels B) leads C) sounds D) appears66. A) human B) mankind C) individual D) civil67. A) bind B) attach C) control D) attract78. A) discipline B) law C) rule D) regulation79. A) keep B) do C) show D) play70. A) all B) any C) other D) those71. A) friendship B) interests C) feelings D) impressions72. A) between B) on C) in D) for73. A) print B) issue C) publication D) copy74. A) secure B) assure C) confirm D) resolve75. A) neutral B) main C) nuclear D) central76. A) ask B) call C) appeal D) look77. A) most B) more C) least D) less78. A) people B) who C) what D) friends79. A) conclusion B) summary C) decision D) claim80. A) moreover B) however C) still D) yetPart V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter.Suppose you are Zhang Ying. Write a letter to Xiao Wang, aschoolmate of yours who is going to visit you during the week-longholiday. You should write at least 100 words according to thesuggestions given below in Chinese.1. 表示欢迎2. 提出对度假安排的建议3. 提醒应注意的事项A letter to a SchoolmateJune 23, 2001Dear Xiao Wang,___________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________Yours, Zhang YingPart IIPart III。

中华人民共和国2001年国民经济和社会发展统计公报-

中华人民共和国2001年国民经济和社会发展统计公报-

中华人民共和国2001年国民经济和社会发展统计公报正文:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------中华人民共和国2001年国民经济和社会发展统计公报(国家统计局2002年2月28日)2001年,全国各族人民在党中央、国务院的正确领导下,认真贯彻“三个代表”重要思想,努力克服复杂多变的国际政治经济环境的不利影响,坚持扩大内需的方针,继续实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策,加快经济结构调整,积极稳妥地推进各项改革,不断扩大对外开放,大力整顿和规范市场经济秩序,经济运行总体质量和效益不断改善,国民经济继续保持持续健康发展,教育、科技和各项社会事业全面进步,城乡人民生活水平继续提高,实现了“十五”计划和现代化建设第三步战略部署的良好开局。

一、综合国民经济持续较快增长。

初步统计,全年国内生产总值为95933亿元,按可比价格计算,比上年增长7.3%。

其中第一产业增加值14610亿元,增长2.8%;第二产业增加值49069亿元,增长8.7%;第三产业增加值32254亿元,增长7.4%。

市场价格保持稳定。

全年居民消费价格总水平比上年上涨0.7%。

其中,城市上涨0.7%,农村上涨0.8%;食品价格持平(其中,粮食下降0.7%,肉禽及制品、鲜菜分别上涨1.6%和1.4%,蛋上涨6.0%),烟酒、衣着价格分别下降0.3%和1.9%,家庭设备、交通通信价格分别下降2.3%和1.0%,娱乐教育文化价格上涨6.6%,居住价格上涨1.2%。

工业品出厂价格下降1.3%;原材料、燃料、动力购进价格下降0.2%;固定资产投资价格上涨0.4%。

就业规模继续扩大。

年末全国就业人员73025万人,比上年末增加940万人。

杭州2001年“6·25”连续暴雨天气及数值模拟特征分析

杭州2001年“6·25”连续暴雨天气及数值模拟特征分析

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2001年

2001年

2001年1月5日省教研室公布全省中等职业学校机械、电工类专业和历史、地理学科优质课评选结果。

1月8~12日全省初中活动课程优质课及优秀论文评选活动在烟台举行。

1月20日省教育学会中学数学教学研究专业委员会在济南召开各市(大企业)高中数学教研员会议,研究中国教育电视山东台与山东省教学研究室联合制作“高考直通车”电视节目的录制问题。

“高考直通车”栏目2001年3月3日在中国教育电视山东台黄金时段开播。

1月18日省教研室召开“三讲”活动总结大会,三讲活动结束。

2月17~18日全省普教教研室主任会议在聊城召开。

2月21~24日全省职教教研室主任暨专业教研中心主任会议在滨州召开。

会上,总结了2000年的教研工作,部署了2001年全省职教教研工作;莱西市职业中专介绍了学校进行教学体制改革,坚持为农服务的办学经验;教育部职成司教学指导处处长陈光为会议作了团体报告。

2月28~3月3日全省小学自然多媒体教学与课件开发实验阶段性总结会议在潍坊召开。

3月1日省教研室向各科室发出征集《山东教育年鉴》的紧急通知,号召各科室就我室的基础教育教学研究、职业教育教学研究、师范教育教学研究等方面的工作,如课程改革、教学改革、教学实验、教改成果、学科竞赛等进行梳理,以文字、实物或图片等方式,提交给办公室。

3月1日山东省教学研究室和山东省教育厅师范教育处联合发文公布了我省师范学校第四届学科中心组组长名单,十六个中心组各设组长一人,副组长二人,任期四年。

3月4~9日全省首届中等职业学校优秀多媒体课件评选活动在淄博举行。

共有200个课件参加评选。

经评委认真评选,共评选一、二、三等奖156名。

3月3日~7日全国中学英语优质课竞赛山东省选拔赛在东营举行。

会上竞赛评出10名选手参加全国比赛。

其中,9名直接获得全国三等奖,1名参与竞争全国一、二等奖。

3月15~17日全省中学化学教学研究工作会议及化学教学研究专业委员会理事会在济南召开。

3月17~19日全省农村小学数学创新学习研讨会在济南长清召开。

2001年考研英语真题答案及解析(1)

2001年考研英语真题答案及解析(1)

2001年考研英语真题答案及解析(1)2001年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题答案与解析第一部分英语知识应运试题解析一、文章总体分析本文是一篇报道性的文章,介绍了自露丝玛莉·韦斯特案件发生后,政府、法院、媒体各方面对于付款给证人的反应。

文章第一段介绍了政府的反应:要禁止报界买断证人新闻的举动。

第二至六段介绍了以大法官埃尔温勋爵为代表的法院在这个问题上的态度。

最后一段介绍了露丝玛莉·韦斯特案件的始末。

在该案件中由于很多证人通过讲述他们的经历而从媒体获得报酬,结果导致被告数罪并罚,被判十项无期徒刑。

结论为付款给证人的做法成为一个颇有争议的问题。

二、试题具体解析1.[A]as to关于,至于[B]for instance举例[C]in particular特别地[D]such as例如[答案]D[解析]本题考核的知识点是:逻辑关系。

解答该题时,考生需要判断空格前后部分prominent cases和The trial of Rosemary West之间的关系,前者泛指“一些著名的案件”,后者是一个具体的案件,即“对露丝玛莉·韦斯特案件的审判”,可见两者是例证关系。

因此,所填入的选项应是一个表示“例如”或“像……一样”的连接词。

首先排除as to和in particular。

for instance(或for example)可表示“举例”,但放在句中多为插入语,且后面不可直接加宾语。

如:Here in Chicago,for instance,the movement was growing by leaps and bounds.(比如在芝加哥,运动正在迅猛发展)。

选项中只有介词短语such as可以接名词做宾语,表达“例如…,象这种的”的含义。

首段第一句话的结构比较复杂,中心句为The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers(政府要禁止报界付钱给证人),现在分词结构seeking to buy up...Rosemary West做后置定语,用来修饰newspapers,意为“试图收买涉及一些要案证人的报纸”。

2001第113号文件

2001第113号文件

购进时用普通发票,直接进成本,销售时也是开普通发票,1、购进时:借:库存商品——化肥贷:银行存款或者现金或应付帐款2、销售时借:银行存款贷:主营业务收入贷:应交税金--应交增值税(销项税额)3、将减免的增值税转入补贴收入借:应交税金--应交增值税(减免税款)贷:补贴收入4、冲抵销项税额借:应交税金--应交增值税(销项税额)贷:应交税金--应交增值税(减免税款)5、结转补贴收入借:补贴收入贷:本年利润财政部国家税务总局关于若干农业生产资料征免增值税政策和通知财税[2001]113号为支持农业生产发展,经国务院批准,现就若干农业生产资料征免增值税的政策通知如下:一、下列货物免征增值税:1、农膜。

2、生产销售的除尿素以外的氮肥、除磷酸二铵以外的磷肥、钾肥以及以免税化肥为主要原料的复混肥(企业生产复混肥产品所用的免税化肥成本占原料中全部化肥成本的比重高于70%)。

"复混肥"是指用化学方法或物理方法加工制成的氮、磷、钾三种养分中至少有两种养分标明的肥料,包括仅用化学方法制成的复合肥和仅用物理方法制成的混配肥(也称掺合肥).3、生产销售的阿维菌素、胺菊酯、百菌清、苯噻酰草按、节嘧磺隆、革除灵、吨虫琳、丙烯菊酯、哒瞒灵、代森锰锌、稻瘟灵、敌百虫、丁草胺、啶虫脒、多抗霉素、二甲戊乐灵、二嗪磷、氟乐足、高效氯氰菊酯、炔螨特、甲多丹、甲基硫菌灵、甲基异柳磷、甲(乙)基毒死蜱、甲(乙)基嘧啶磷、精恶唑禾草灵、精喹禾灵、井冈霉素、咪鲜胺、灭多威、灭蝇胺、苜蓿银纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒、噻磺隆、三氟氯氰菊酯、三唑磷、三唑酮、杀虫单、杀虫双、顺式氯氰菊酯、涕灭威、烯唑醇、辛硫磷、辛酰溴苯腈、异丙甲草胺、乙阿合剂、乙草胺、乙酰甲胺磷、莠去津。

4、批发和零售的种子、种苗、化肥、农药、农机。

二、对生产销售的尿素统一征收增值税,并在2001、2002年两年内实行增值税先征后退的政策。

2001年对征收的税款全额退还,2002年退还50%,自2003年起停止退还政策。

百家讲坛2001年节目播出目录详表

百家讲坛2001年节目播出目录详表

人类基因组计划 书法与中国哲学 ( 上) 书法与中国哲学 ( 下) 不朽的威尔第 女性的道德发展
数学科学的几种新的发展方向 儒学与人生 现代战争与大众传媒 巴洛克音乐
超越简单与还原 : 复杂性范式的兴起 科学的对话 白血病的基因疗法 远看梅兰芳
作为情感媒体的电影艺术 信息化带动工业化 动物的语言与意识 中西语言文字与文化的比较 古代文明的演进与儒家思想的根源
4688;
澳门金莎娱乐网站 / 澳门金莎娱乐网站;
必发88 https:/// 必发88;
澳门皇冠金沙网站 https:/// 澳门皇冠金沙网站;
必发娱乐官方网站 https:/// 必发娱乐官方网站;
菊残犹有傲霜枝 中国的松文化 如何适应大学生活
物种多样性的挑战与未来 中国园林艺术 东西方经济的碰撞与沟通 标准化与经济建设 标准化与国际贸易
标准化与质量管理 市场竞争与企业标准化 标准化与环境紧密相连 标准化与高新技术
物理的挑战 ( 一) 物理的挑战 ( 二) 物理的挑战 ( 三) 艺术与科学 数学与我们的生活 光通信 - 信息社会中流砥柱 故宫与中国礼乐文化 艺术与科学 ( 五) 趣谈天文学 新世纪的科技 钱20学01森北的京大互成联智网慧发展论坛 ( 一)
艺术与科学 ( 六)
音乐的倾向 百年科技创新的回顾与展望
刘索拉 路甬祥
知识经济与高等教育
杨福家
2001北京互联网发展论坛 ( 二)
艺术与科学 ( 七)
风险投资及其在中国的发展 ( 一) 农业发展新阶段的科技与教育 二十世纪数学的发展趋势
张朝阳周锡生 刘兵、冼鼎昌、安妮卡・挨利
克珊 成思危 张宝文 李文林
百家讲坛 2001年节目播出详表
节目内容 美与物理学 实验物理与物理学前沿 唐宋咏春诗赏析

2001年6月六级真题解析

2001年6月六级真题解析

2001年6月六级真题解析PartⅠ1-5 BACBA 6-10 BCABD11-15 BDCBD 16-20 CABAAPartⅡ21-25 DABCD 26-30 DBDBD31-35 ADCAB 36-40 DCABCPartⅢ41-45 DBBBC 46-50 BDABB51-55 CDCAA 56-60 CDCDB61-65 CCBDA 66-70 DADDCPartⅣ71. in→for 72. seventh→seven 73.were→was74. now→then 75. the→/ 76.imported→exported77. are→were 78.tuberculosis∧vanished→had79. better→worse 80.constantly→constant六级听力材料1)W:I’m trying to find out how this dishwasher works, the manual is in French, I can’t waitfor Bill to translate it for me.M: Don’t worry, Mary, I can do the dishes before the machine starts to work.Q: What does the man mean?2) M: The doctor said if I kept smoking, I would increase my chances of having a heart attack. W: Did he suggest reducing weight , too?Q: What does the woman think the man should also do?3) W: The people next door are making so much noise, I just can’t concentrate on .M: Why don’t you stay at the library? It’s much quiet there.Q: What does Tom mean?4) M: This is hopeless, these figures still don’t add up right, let’s do the calculations overagain.W: Yes ,but why not do them tomorrow? It’s very late now.Q: What does the woman suggest they do?5) M: To collect a data for my report, I need to talk to someone who knows that small cityvery well. I was told that you lived there for quite a long time.W: Oh ,I wish I could help, but I was only a child then.Q: What does the woman imply?6) M: Are you moving into a new house? Need a hand with those boxes?W: That’s okay, I can manage. They look big , but aren’t very heavy actually.Q: What does the woman mean?7) M: It’s good you brought the books back.W: I thought you might need novels at the weekend. Thanks for letting me use them.Q: What do we know about the woman from the conversation?8) M: Do you want to turn on the air conditioner or open the window?W: I love fresh air if you don’t mind.Q: What can be inferred from the woman’s answer?9) W: Hi, Michael, I can hardly recognize you ,why are you dressed up today? Are you goingto the theatre?M: No, actually, I just had an interview at the photo studio this morning.Q: What do we learn about Michael from this conversation?10) M: Good morning ,what can I do for you ?W:I’d like to have my emergency brake fixed. The car rolls when I park it on the hill. Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?Passage oneLast August, Susan and 42 other students got wet and dirty while removing six tons of garbage from the river running across their city. They cleaned up the river as part of aweek-long environmental camp. Like one in three American rivers, this river is so polluted that it’s unsafe for swimming and fishing, still, Susan, who has just completed her third summer on the river clean-up ,scene has changed in this river.“Since we started three years ago ,the river is getting a lot cleaner”,she says. Environmental scientists praised the teenagers for removing garbage that can harm wild life. Waterbirds, for example can choke on plastic bottle rings and get cut by scrap metal. Three years ago, when the clean-up started, garbage was everywhere, but this year, the teenagers had to hunt for garbage. They turn the clean-up into a competition to see who could find the most garbage and unload their boats fastest. By the end of the six hour shift, they have removed enough garbage to fill more than two large trucks.“Seeing all their garbage in the river makes people begin to care about environmental issues,”Susan says. She hopes that when others read that she and her peers care enough to clean it up, maybe they will think twice before they throw garbage in the river.Questions 11-13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11.What does the passage tell us about American rivers?12.What did the students find when they came to the river this year?13.What is the expected reaction of the local people to the students’efforts?Passage twoWhy do we cry? Can you imagine life without tears? Not only do tears keep your eyes lubricated, they also contain a substance that kills certain bacteria so they can’t infect your eyes. Give up your tears ,and you’ll lose this on-the-spot defense. Nobody wants to give up the flood of extra tears you produce when you get something physical or chemical in your eyes. Tears are very good at washing this irritating stuff out .Another thing you couldn’t do without your tears is cry from joy, anger or sadness. Humans are the only animals that produce tears in response to emotions, and most people say a good cry makes them feel better. Many scientists, therefore, believe that crying somehow helps us cope with emotional situations. Tear researcher, Winifred, is trying to figure out how it happens. One possibility he says is that tears discharge certain chemicals from your body, chemicals that build up duringstress. When people talk about crying it out,“I think that might actually be what they are doing”,he says. If Fred is right, what do you think will happen to people who restrain their tears? Boys, for example, cry only about a quarter as often as girls once they reach teenage years, and we all cry a lot less now than we did as babies. Could it possibly be that we face less stress? Maybe we found another ways to deal with it ,or maybe we just feel embarrassed. Questions 14-17 are based on the passage you have just heard.14.What’s the topic discussed in this passage?15.What is Winifred trying to find out?16.What does the passage say about teenage boys and girls?17.What’s the difference between human beings and other animals when shedding tears? Passage threeImaging this:you wake up each morning to find your sister lying beside you, to get dressed and tie your shoes, you use one hand and she uses another. You do everything out together, too, even sitting on the same chair at lunch and riding on the same bicycle. That’s what life is like for six-year-old Betty and Abby. Like most twins, the two girls look very much alike, but unlike most twins, Betty and Abby share parts of the same body .Twins like Betty and Abby are rare. Only about 40 sets are born in the United States each year. Few survive as long as Betty and Abby .That’s because twins often share vital organs, like a heart or brain. The shared organs are often badly shaped and may not be strong enough to support both twins. But Betty and Abby each has her own head, heart and stomach which functionnormally .Because she has three or four lungs which provide plenty of oxygen for both twins. Most of their completely shared organs lie below the waist. Betty And Abby live relatively normal lives. They attend a regular school ,and each does her own school work .They prefer to do some projects together, though ,for example, to cut out paper dolls ,one twin holds the paper, while the other uses the scissors. But sometimes, the girls don’t want to do the same thing, for example, sometimes they want to play with different toys. What do they do then? “We toss a coin”,says Abby .Questions 18-20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18.In what aspect ,do Betty and Abby differ from most twins?19.What does the passage tell us about twins who share parts of the same body?20.What does the passage say about the education of the twin girls?。

国际足球明星保罗·斯科尔斯介绍

国际足球明星保罗·斯科尔斯介绍

国际足球明星保罗·斯科尔斯介绍保罗·斯科尔斯(Paul Scholes,1974年11月16日-),英格兰足球运动员,是曼联92青年足总杯一代的重要成员。

下面是店铺为你介绍保罗·斯科尔斯,希望大家喜欢!保罗·斯科尔斯 - 基本资料姓名:斯科尔斯港译:史高斯英文:Paul Scholes出生地点:英格兰出生日期:1974-11-16身高:170cm体重:73.47kg国籍:英格兰位置:中场号码:18曾效力球会:曼联保罗·斯科尔斯 - 球员简介要给传奇巨星鲍比·查尔顿留下深刻的印象,你必须拥有罕见及独特的足球天赋。

查尔顿对斯科尔斯的评价堪称完美:“他总是能控好皮球并且传出精准的传球,看他比赛是一种赏心悦目的事情。

”跟贝克汉姆、吉格斯、巴特和内维尔兄弟一样,斯科尔斯是90年代中期弗格森发现的天才之一,出生于索尔福德的斯科尔斯在1994/95赛季,初次代表曼联上阵就在对阵维尔港的联赛杯比赛中梅开二度。

在1995/96的黄金赛季,斯科尔斯完美地填补坎通纳禁赛后的空缺,他打进14粒进球成为在法国人之后的球队第二射手,这个赛季曼联成为双冠王。

在1999年,曼联成为三冠王的赛季,他也为球队立下无数汗马功劳,唯一令人遗憾的是在冠军联赛决赛,他因为停赛而无法上阵。

在2003年曼联成为联赛冠军,斯科尔斯的20粒进球至关紧要。

斯科尔斯的致命传送仍然足坛最珍贵的画面之一,他的超级远射和在中场突然插上的能力为他带来代表国家队上阵66次的机会。

在2005/06赛季,斯科尔斯由于眼疾缺阵了大半个赛季,球迷都担心这会影响“生姜王子”的职业生涯,但是在2006/07赛季,斯科尔斯强势回归,在曼联夺冠联赛冠军的途中,他发挥极为关键的作用。

在2006年10月击败利物浦的比赛中,他帮助曼联首开纪录,2个月之后,在3-0大胜阿斯顿维拉的比赛中,他打进一记凌空抽射的世界波,这个进球也被评为本赛季的最佳进球。

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远山的呼唤六月二日,早上八点多被一阵急促的电话铃声惊醒,忽然想起今天是环亚v/U段无线电通联实验,为了这次活动能取得较好的成绩,西安的HAM经过多次的台上会议和数日的准备,已是万事俱备,只欠东风。

“喂”?我爱人接的电话。

“都几点了,你们还不走?台上六点多都开始热闹了,大家在西京饭店集合后,已经到大南门外坐车去了------”,哈,一定是9CZ!他又不去着什么急,我心里嘟囔着。

昨天,我动员了多次,磨破了嘴皮可他就是不去,气死我了。

不过,连续几天的工作值班,他已经熬的差不多了,恐怕去了身体也够呛,不去就不去,留在家里和BM、AC等作为留守执机也行,反正啥事都得要人干。

叮铃铃铃---,又是哪个催命鬼,真要命。

“9BN,我们先走了,咱们山上见,你们快点啊”砰,挂了。

是9BK,他到是挺干脆,一说进山他比谁都劲大,不过,应该承认他的确是个会享受生活的人。

废话少说,赶快分头准备,趁凉出发。

我整理器材,“领导”打点“粮草”,等把全部行装往眼前一摆傻眼了,天那,这么多东西可怎么带?唉,要是9CZ开着三轮摩托一块儿去的话哪有这些麻烦事。

不管怎样东西一件不能少,有句老话说的好:“饥不饥带干粮,冷不冷捎衣裳”,更何况占份量和重量的都是必不可少的器材,没说的,硬装吧!行装已打好,发动试车---“OK”看来车和我的状况都不错,希望老天爷的心情也和我们的心情一样,帮我们取得好成绩和一路顺风。

上午九时四十分左右,摩托终于在9CZ遗憾的目光中和众人不解、疑惑的眼神中徐徐驶出厂门。

车出厂门西上太华立交,南下太乙路上二环,走二环上“西万”,一路很少红灯,风驰电掣直奔丰峪口;一路上,衣兜里的手机也在不停的“伴奏”,是哪个“催命鬼”在催,顾不上那么多了------赶路要紧。

车至丰峪进山口,忽然,前面一人“横刀立马”、又有一“黑脸大汉”挡住去路,难道有人在光天化日下胆大妄为不成?纳闷间车已开到挡路人近前,哈,原来是9AX和9BJ两位大将,9BJ脖子上的两根暴筋强支着那张通红面孔、跺着双脚“现在都几点了,我们早上八点多就在这儿等你,有没有搞错?我们的人都已上去了,我可真生气了”!我忍不住地笑了,咱们不是有约在先吗,上午九点半出发,你们那么激动干吗?不过,精神可佳心情可以理解,等了那么长时间能不急吗?再说,为了这次活动,他可没少下工夫,连他的坐骑也被开膛破肚(我和9AX是刀斧手)加装了两米车载台,天线固定在车后行李架上,整体效果还相当不错,此举到着实让9BJ在人前神气了一把。

此时,两米机上传来大队人马所乘坐的“面的”,因前方发生交通事故,被堵在三十七公里处,暂时无法通过。

看看:来得早不如来得巧,甭着急,按时到达“分水岭”集结点没问题,不过,山路行车安全第一。

六月的秦岭山脉郁郁葱葱,层峦叠嶂,蜿蜒曲折的21O国道象一条玉带,紧紧缠绕在苍翠巍峨的山峦之间,一头连着西安,一头连着四川的万源县。

一路上,山谷间细流瀑布,翠鸟鸣唱。

峭壁上怪石林立,横空而出的劲柏苍松仿佛伸开双臂,欢迎着人们回到大自然的怀抱。

峡谷间古栈道的遗迹依稀可见,很难想象古人如何从这栈道上将千军万马,粮草战车送往作战的前线,如何又用飞马传信,狼烟报警那原始的通讯方式将战场信息传递回大本营-----,难怪古人留下了:“蜀道之难,难于上青天”的千古怨训。

车继续行进在蜿蜒的山区公路上,一路经黑龙潭、喂子坪,过子午关、石羊关、大坝沟等风景区已无暇顾及,各种急险路面弯道已远远地甩在车后,不是吹牛,才发现我和9BJ的驾车技术竟是如此之高,如有计划地早练几年,没准说不定还能弄个摩托车拉力赛的牌子回来(开玩笑)。

车行至龙窝子时,终于看见前方不远处我们大队人马所乘坐的两辆‘面的’,因山高坡陡象蜗牛一样在爬行。

哈,赶上去、打个招呼:“哥几位,你们慢慢爬吧,咱们分水岭见”!说话间“面的”已被甩在了后面。

过了鸡窝子、加足油门转过几个急弯,上过几个陡坡,眼前豁然一亮----到了。

呵,好热闹,9AX、9BJ及9BK携嫂夫人和其他几位老朋友均已等候在此,朋友相聚不免寒暄几句,好象有多少年没有见面似的。

“9BM、9AC、9CZ在频率上吗?这里是BD9AX,我们已到了分水岭,请给个信号报告,OVER”。

“BY9AA,这里是BG9BJ,请告诉我,你们现在的QTH,OVER”。

好家伙,我们这些HAM到那那热闹。

看,引来那么多在场歇脚客人疑惑的目光,可能在想:这帮人在搞什么名堂?这么神气,目中“无人”且“耳听八方”。

不管那么多,先看看地形再说,环顾这分水岭面积不大,却也够停八九辆车,让过路司机歇歇脚、方便方便。

公路旁临时搭建起来的风味小吃店,生意还算红火,土豆糍粑、魔芋凉粉、包谷面鱼鱼茶鸡蛋,大热天的来上两碗,嘿---真舒服。

山口公路旁竖立着一块很大的水泥界碑,呈九十度修建,南北面各书:“长江水系”、“黄河水系”苍劲有力的四个大字。

它仿佛在默默地告诫每一个来到这里得人们,珍惜和爱护这里的一切。

愿这青山常在,绿水长流,使我们的父母河生生不息,源源不断。

抬头仰望那碧蓝的天空、淡淡的白云,使人产生无限的遐想。

远处山峰云雾缭绕,建在麦秸磊峰下的微波塔站时隐时现,那就是我们这次V/U段环亚通联实验的目的地。

中午十二时左右,BD9AH终于带着大队人马到达分水岭,乘车来的有9BC、9AD、9BA、9BD、9BI、9BO、9DL及两位新参加的朋友和一位日本老HAM,JE3LUA 橘隆老先生。

人员在分水岭稍作休整,继续向微波站进发,可眼前这一大堆的器材怎么运到山上去?幸好‘面的’没走,“9BA,去商量一下,无非是加点钱的事儿,人不坐车,器材上去就行”!9BA不辱使命,经过一番讨价还价之后,终以再加十五元的价格搞定。

我和9BK、9BJ、9AX及其他几位骑摩托车的朋友作为先遣队,先走一步,其他人轻装步行随后。

我们一行四辆摩托车缓慢的向山顶爬行,这段路可把我们整惨了,风化石的路面使车轮不住的侧滑,难以驾御,一路上险象环生,有些路段只能推着走了,我断言:当时一定有人发愁怎么样下山的问题,不过还是硬着头皮上来了。

一看公里表,4。

5公里的路程竟走了近半个多小时,看来步行的人没有个把小时是难以上来喽。

我和9BJ、9AX先联系站上的负责人,安排有关设台事宜,对了,先看熟人老扬在不在,如果他在的话事情就好办的多了,记得去年夏天我和9BA、9BD、9AX、9BC、9AY、9BB、9AZ、等上山搞天线测试的时候,就受到当时值班的老扬同志热情接待,临走时我们还一块合了影。

这次山上的人比较多,主要是基建民工;一打听,真不巧!老扬下山休假了,找到站上现在的负责人老冯同志,先自我介绍,说明来意后,老冯很热情,表示乐意帮忙。

但我们是民间活动,没有官方手续,着实让老冯为了难。

此单位规定不允许外单位人员在此逗留(这个教训值得吸取,以后搞活动一定要带上无委的介绍信)。

幸亏我出门带着‘官方’工作证,验明证身后再加上我这张历史相对悠久的相貌,老冯终于答应提供全方位支持和帮助并具体交代了应该注意的事项。

此时,运送器材的‘面的’已上来了,大家一起卸车,清点器材,这次通联主要是超短波段,故短波设备只带了一台TS—690S、其它主要是超短波设备,有八重州的TH—290、健武的TH—455、TM—241及IC—28A以及其他辅助设备等,天线主要有:两米的10单元成品八木和点七米的双列15单元成品八木等,其他天线一律现场制作。

9AH他们暂时还上不来,我们先选择设台点和解决电源的问题,干点力所能及的工作。

在老冯的指点下,拟将设台点选定在离微波站不远的一个小山峰上,一是电源线不会拉的太长,二是上上下下比较方便。

我们几个气喘吁吁的爬上去一看果然不错,极目远望,尽管四周群山迭起,延绵不断,但除了东边的主峰是个屏障以外,东、北、南三个方向还算开阔,没准说不定利用主峰山体反射还能取得点成绩,这儿面积不大,有三四个平米,是一个废弃的铁塔基础,上面有不到一米高的“U”字形混凝土基座,正好用以放置电台设备。

四周有十几棵从山崖缝里顽强生长的松树,可能是山风常年摧残的缘故,枝杈长的全部偏向一边,这不就是一棵棵迎客松吗!从树龄上看好象不大,但看“相貌”的话就和我一样惨了——饱经风霜。

不扯了,赶快把电源线接上再说,我也趁机下去和老冯聊聊,加深了解,为以后的活动大好基础。

老冯比我年长几岁,个头不算太高,有一米七左右,黑黑的脸庞轮廓分明,可能是长期在恶劣环境中工作的缘故,面部有些苍老,稀疏的头发象麦秸磊峰上的荒草,齐唰刷的顺风到下。

但毪子里却透出山里人那特有的朴实、刚毅和顽强。

老冯告诉我:这里的气候是娃娃脸——说变就变,晚上天冷,你们挨不住。

有一年,也就是这个季节,长安县有八个人来山上割扫竹,一晚上冻死七个人,我一听不仅打了个寒颤,哇,太夸张了,不会是真的吧?疑虑间,9AD“全副武装”不知从什么地方冒了出来,汗珠子把眼镜糊住了也顾不上擦拭,兴奋的打开相机,忙的不可开交,恨不得一下子把整个山都装进他的相机里去。

“嗨,哥们,先给我们来一张”,我拉着老冯走到站前一棵松树前,“别动,OK!”,镜头闪过后,老冯的脸上还留着憨憨的笑容。

“9AD,你倒是跑的挺快,其他人呢?”不知是谁问了一句,“他们是顺着大路走,我是从山后面的小路直插上来的,我当然快了”,9AD 一副自豪得样子,到底年轻身体好,加上经常在野外工作,走南闯北的。

对了,他也是个当过兵的,怎么样,还有点军人的气质吧?。

这时,一位民工师傅“押送”着两名“人质”从后山上来了,原来是9BK的夫人和另外一位朋友的夫人,上山时因坡陡弯急将两位夫人“甩”在了半山腰,结果他俩因迷恋景色而进入茂密的丛林之中,怎么也转不出来,要不是民工师傅把他俩“收容了”,晚上非让黑瞎子背回“家”不可,那BY9AA可就真出名了。

我得上去看看电源接好了没有,刚上设台点就看见一群“残兵败将”,稀稀拉拉上了微波站,9BA、9BI、9BD、9BO等已先上来了,9AH、9BC及日本老哥们还在慢慢“遛弯儿”,甭急,毕竟年长一些,只要HAM精神在,劲儿足着呢!“9BA、9BD抓紧时间,先把电源接上,问一下老冯电源从那出”,我倒冒充起领导来了。

9BA进屋一会儿又出来了,用手机叫到:“不行不行,9BN你赶快下来-----”。

怎么了?我下去一问,原来有人给老冯提意见,按照上级规定不允许我们在此过夜,9BA都快急“哭”了,“不过夜能搞啥呀?白天传波极差,就凭两头呢”。

难怪他急,他是这次活动的积极倡导者之一,我们平时都叫他两米“疯子”。

我说道:“别急,你先上去安排架天线,这儿我来搞定”。

我又去找老冯“掐码子”(无非是拉拉家常,加深感情),没问题!双方都给个台阶下,我们明天上午十点前准时撤台。

说实在的,这件事儿让9CZ来干最合适,他和我一样也是经常被小朋友“误”叫爷爷的人,就连那日本老HAM第一面,就给我五十岁“高龄”的估计。

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