(英语)高三英语阅读理解(教育文化)解题技巧及经典题型及练习题(含答案)及解析

（英语）高三英语阅读理解(教育文化)解题技巧及经典题型及练习题(含答案)
及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解教育文化类
1．阅读理解
I used to believe that love meant putting everyone else and their needs first, before my own. While I do think there is some truth to that, in the sense that being a giving person is one of the ultimate acts of being a loving person, I came to realize that I must give to and love myself first and foremost.
Here's why. When you put everyone and everything else above you, you are no longer valuing yourself and your needs. And when you are not meeting your needs, and you don't take care of yourself (emotionally, physically, mentally, spiritually), you can't be the best version of yourself to the special people in your life. So in fact, you don't love them at your full potential!
Here are some things to consider. Are you physically taking care of yourself? Do you nourish yourself with the right foods? Do you get enough sleep and exercise? Are you at a healthy weight, and on top of your check-ups? If not, I bet your energy is low, you're tired and stressed, and your confidence isn't the highest (because you probably don't feel your best）. Now think about how much more you could give to others when you aren't exhausted, you're happy with what you see in the mirror, and you aren't on edge with stress.
Are you emotionally and mentally healthy? As humans, we're so complex and having ups and downs is normal. But in general, assess where you stand emotionally. If it's in a healthy place and you can manage your emotions in a healthy way - great! But if you self-soothe(自我安慰)in destructive ways and have a negative attitude and energy about you, realize that it's not just affecting you, but others too. When you aren't an emotionally and mentally healthy person, that energy pours into everything you do, and everyone you're around will feel the effects, too.
How's your spirituality? In this sense, spirituality is about having an ultimate purpose and being in tune with your true self. Do you wake up every day excited for what your life is about, and have gratitude for all the abundance you already have? If not, you may not be listening and living to what your heart truly desires. Living this way long term, may affect the essence(本质)of your inner being and, in turn, may not allow you to show up your very best for the world.
Be kind to yourself. It can be difficult to put your health and well-being first when life is demanding between your career, family, friendships, relationships, and so on. If you can think of any ways to improve your well-being and love yourself more, start today! Take a baby step towards this. Perhaps try getting an hour more of sleep. Move your body in a way that feels good. Take time for yourself to be with your thoughts and without distractions and feel that peace.（1）Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?
A.Put Others Above Yourself
B.Keeping Physically Healthy
C.Meeting Your Own Demands
D.Taking Good Care of Yourself
（2）According to the passage, it can be concluded that .
A.only if you are at your best can you love your loved ones best
B.if on top of your health index, you're tired and stressed
C.being kind to yourself means being cruel to others
D.physical health is more important than mental health
（3）Keeping spiritually healthy means .
A.dissatisfaction with what you have
B.waking up in time every day
C.showing up your best for the world
D.agreeing with your true self
（4）Which of the following shows the right structure of the passage?
A.
B.
C.
D.
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者认为在爱别人之前，必须首先给予和爱自己。

说明了这么做的原因，以及从身体、情绪心理和精神性三个方面来论述应当如何善待自我。

（1）考查主旨大意。

根据最后一段中的“Be kind to yourself. It can be difficult to put your health and well-being first when life is demanding between your career, family, friendships, relationships, and so on. If you can think of any ways to improve your well-being and love yourself more, start today!”善待自己。

当生活要求你在事业、家庭、友谊、人际关系等之间做出选择时，你很难把健康和幸福放在首位。

如果你能想到任何方法来改善你的幸福和更爱自己，从今天开始!以及文章主要内容说明了人们应该在爱别人之前，要先爱自己的观
点，故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“And when you are not meeting your needs, and you don't take care of yourself （emotionally, physically, mentally, spiritually）, you can't be the best version of yourself to the special people in your life. So in fact, you don't love them at your full potential!”当你不能满足自己的需求，不能照顾好自己(情感上、身体上、精神上、精神上，你就无法在你生命中特别的人面前成为最好的自己。

所以事实上，你并没有充分发挥你的潜力去爱他们!可知只有你处于最佳状态，你才能最爱你所爱的人。

故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第二段中的“In this sense, spirituality is about having an ultimate purpose and being in tune with your true self.”从这个意义上说，精神性就是拥有一个终极目标，并与真实的自我保持一致。

）可知保持精神健康意味着认同真实的自己。

故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。

分析文章内容可知，第一段属于总起段落，主要引出文章“善待自我”的观点；接着第二段主要论述第一段提出观点的原因；接着第三段指出要在身体上在照顾自己，第四段指出重视自己的情绪和精神健康，第五段说明如何保持自我精神性的健康；最后一段再次说明善待自己重要性。

其中第三四五段同属于分论点，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。

Hobbies in general are becoming something of the past. Our lives are already filled with classes, homework, working, relationships and sleeping. When we do have a spare moment, it is all too easy to spend it on the endless entertainment and media that are right at our fingertips.
I do not doubt that there are some people who could become a great writer or musician. I only fear that so many people are busy pursuing their education and their careers, but they never even see the potential (潜能) they have. The next great photographer or singer could be going to college right now. But they might not even know they have a gift for photographing or singing if they've never picked up a camera or a guitar.
Of course, the final goal of pursuing a new hobby shouldn't be to become rich and famous. For most people, a hobby is just something they enjoy doing for the purpose of the thing itself. Such hobbies are still very useful. Studies have shown that people who have a hobby are less likely to have stress and more likely to have more meaningful lives.
Most importantly, a hobby is just something you do to make you happy. I hate to break it to you, but we all have a long lifetime of work and stress ahead of us. It will make things much easier if we can practice the piano or make some collections after work.
Sure, it's not easy to start a new hobby while going to school, but it will likely never get easier than it is right now. So think about the thing that you have always wanted to try but were too embarrassed or busy or whatever. You never know, you might become the world's next great people. If not, you'll at least be a little more well-rounded, more interesting and less stressed.（1）What does Paragraph 1 mainly show?
A. All people should learn to relax.
B. Today's people have little time for hobbies.
C. People in the past took their hobbies seriously.
D. People's lives have been negatively affected by media.
（2）What does the author think of hobbies?
A. They may take up too much time.
B. They can help us enjoy a better life.
C. They sometimes can bring us stress.
D. They should make us famous one day.
（3）What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?
A. We should start a hobby now.
B. Starting a new hobby isn't easy.
C. We'd better develop a hobby at school.
D. Developing a hobby will get easier as time goes by.
（4）What's the author's purpose in writing the text?
A. To introduce some helpful hobbies.
B. To encourage us to have a hobby.
C. To tell us how to create a happy life.
D. To tell us how to find our potential.
【答案】（1）B
（2）B
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者认为现在的人没什么时间来培养兴趣爱好，但有一个兴趣爱好非常重要。

（1）考查段落大意。

根据第一段的内容可知，本段主要是讲现在的人太忙，没什么时间培养兴趣爱好，故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“"Studies have shown that people who have a hobby are less likely to have stress and more likely to have more meaningful lives."可知，拥有兴趣爱好可以让我们的生活变得更好，故选B。

（3）考查句义猜测。

根据划线句子以及"So think about the thing that you have always wanted to try but were too embarrassed or busy or whatever."可知，这里是讲现在就是培养兴趣爱好的最好时机。

故选A。

（4）考查写作意图。

根据文章内容可知，本文主要是讲培养兴趣爱好非常重要，我们应该有兴趣爱好，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，句义猜测，写作意图和段落大意四个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解
Among the four skills in learning English, which one of these is the "odd-man-out"? The answer
is speaking. The other three you can do alone on your own. But you can't really speak alone! Speaking to yourself can be "dangerous" because men in white coats may come and take you away!
Where can you find people to speak English? And how can you practice speaking when you are alone?
At school- If you pay to go to a language school, you should use the opportunity to speak. If your teacher asks you to speak in pairs or groups with other students, try to say as much as possible. Don't worry about your mistakes. Just speak!
Conversation Clubs-Many cities around the world have conversation clubs where people can exchange one language for another. Look in your local newspaper to find a conversation club near you. They are usually free although some may charge a small entrance fee(费用).
Shopping-Even if you don't want to buy anything, you can ask questions about products that interest you in a shop. "How much does this cost?" "Can I pay by cheque?" Often you can start a real conversation-and it costs you nothing!
Café and Bars-There are often American, Britain, Irish and Australian bars in many large cities. If you can find one, you'll probably meet many people speaking English as a first or second language.
Language is all around you-Everywhere you go, you find language. Shop names, street names, advertisements, notices, and car numbers….When you walk down the street, practice reading the words and numbers that you see. Say them to yourself. It's not exactly a conversation, but it will help you to "think" in English. But don't speak too loud!
Songs and Video-Repeat the words of an English song singing with the music until it becomes automatic. It's good practice for your memory and for the mouth muscles that you need for English.
Above all, speak as much as possible! Make as many mistakes as possible! When you know that you have made a mistake, you know that you have made progress!
（1）What does the underlined part "odd-man-out" probably mean according to the passage?
A. Someone or something that can be easily mistaken for another.
B. Someone or something appearing different from the others.
C. Someone or something standing out of the group.
D. Someone or something arranged in pairs.
（2）In which places can you learn English NOT free of charge?
A.At school, in shops and café bars.
B.In conversation clubs and in the streets.
C.In conversation clubs, shops, songs and video.
D.At school, in conversation clubs and café and bars.
（3）Why does the writer say "Make as many mistakes as possible"?
A.Because everyone will make mistakes in learning English.
B.Because making mistakes is a must in making progress in learning English.
C.Because everyone will meet people speaking English with some mistakes.
D.Because making mistakes can make one realize the importance of speaking.
（4）What is the purpose of the passage?
A.To tell us that English is all around us.
B.To tell us that we can speak English alone.
C.To give us some advice on how to practice speaking.
D.To tell us speaking is the easiest of the four skills in learning English.
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）B
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何提高英语学习者的口语水平的多个技巧和方法。

（1）考查词义猜测。

根据第一段中的”Among the four skills in learning English, which one of these is the ‘odd-man-out’? The answer is speaking. The other three you can do alone on your own.“在英语学习的四种技能中，哪一种是“odd-man-out”?答案是说。

其他三个你可以自己做。

但你不能一个人说!）可知，此处指在英语学习的四种技能中，哪一种是不一样的。

由此推知，odd-man-out指与别的不一样的事物。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的”If you pay to go to a language school, you should use the opportunity to speak.“如果你花钱去语言学校，你应该利用这个机会说英语；第四段中的”They are usually free although some may charge a small entrance fee(费用).“他们通常是免费的，尽管有些人可能会收取一点入场费；第六段部分中的”If you can find one, you'll probably meet many people speaking English as a first or second language.“如果你能找到一个，你可能会遇到很多把英语作为第一或第二语言的人及常识可知，去咖啡馆和酒吧的话，肯定会有消费的。

由此可知，你可以花钱在学校、会话俱乐部、咖啡馆和酒吧学英语。

故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的”When you know that you have made a mistake，you know that you have made progress!“当你知道你犯了一个错误，你就知道你进步了!可推知，作者说“尽量多犯错误”，是因为犯错误是学好英语的必经之路。

故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的”Where can you find people to speak English? And how can you practice speaking when you are alone?“你在哪里可以找到说英语的人?当你一个人的时候，你怎么练习说呢?及下文所推荐的地方和方法可知，文章主要讲述了如何提高英语学习者的口语水平的多个地方和方法。

由此可知，本文的主要目的是给我们推荐了一些如何练习口语的建议。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解
Parents do not owe (欠) their children a college education. If they can afford it, they can
certainly send them to a good university. But they needn't feel guilty if they can't. When children grow up and want to get married, their parents do not owe them an apartment. They do not have the duty to look after their grandchildren, either. If they want to do it, it must be considered a favor, not an obligation.
Do parents owe their children anything? Yes, they owe them a great deal.
One of their obligations is to give their children a personal worth. Children who are always made to feel stupid and unworthy, constantly compared with brighter brothers, sisters, or cousins will become so unsure, so afraid of failing that they won't try at all. Of course they should be properly corrected when they do wrong, but it's often better to let children learn their mistakes by themselves in time. All their parents should do is to trust them, respect them, understand them and give them chances to try and fail. They must learn to stand failure. When criticisms (批评) are really needed, they should be balanced with a smile and a kiss. That is the way children learn. Parents owe their children a set of solid values around which to build their lives. This means teaching them to respect the rights and opinions of others; it means being respectful to elders, to teachers, and to the law. The best way to teach such values is by deed. A child who is lied to will lie. A child who sees no laughter and no love in the home will have difficulty laughing and loving. No child asks to be born. If you bring a life into the world, you owe the child something.
（1）The author thinks parents ________.
A.should send their children to college
B.should support their children after they get married
C.need to buy an apartment for their children
D.needn't feel guilty if they can't send their children to universities
（2）What does the underlined word "obligation" in Paragraph 1 mean?
A.Right.
B.Promise.
C.Duty.
D.Excuse.
（3）According to the passage, what should parents do when children make mistakes?
A.Understand them and tell them not to do that again.
B.Let them learn the mistakes by themselves in time.
pare them with brighter brothers or sisters.
D.Correct their mistakes immediately.
（4）What does the author mainly talk about in this passage?
A.The duties of parents.
B.The best way to teach children.
C.The reason why children feel stupid and unworthy.
D.The reason why parents owe their children something.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）B
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，就父母对子女真正的责任是什么进行论述，总结出父母真正要给予孩子的是个人价值和正确的价值观，这才是父母真正的职责。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Parents do not owe （欠）their children a college education...But they needn't feel guilty if they can't.” 父母不欠子女大学教育......如果他们承担不起大学教育，也不必感到内疚，可知，作者认为，如果父母不能送子女上大学，也不必感到内疚。

故选D。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第一段中的“If they want to do it, it must be considered a favor, not an obligation. ”如果他们想这样做，就必须把它看作一种恩惠，而不是义务，这一句中的“favor”意为“恩惠、帮忙”相反意思应为“义务、责任”，所以可以判断“obligation”应是“义务”之意，同时“obligation”和前一句“They do not have the duty to look after their grandchildren, either.” 他们也没有义务照顾孙子孙女，这一句里的“duty”是近义词，属于词义重现用法。

故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Of course they should be properly corrected when they do wrong, but it's often better to let children learn their mistakes by themselves in time.” 当然，如果孩子做错了，他们应该得到适当的纠正，但是最好是让孩子们自己及时地知道他们的错误，可知，当孩子犯错时，父母应该让孩子自己及时了解错误。

故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据第一段中的“Parents do n ot owe （欠）their children a college education...”从父母送子女上大学，帮忙买房子或照看孙辈等琐事引入主题，说明这些并不是父母真正的职责；以及第三段中的“One of their obligations is to give their children a personal worth.” 他们的义务之一是给孩子们个人的价值和最后一段中的“Parents owe their children a set of solid values around which to build their lives.” 父母有义务为孩子建立一套坚实的价值观，并以此来构建他们的生活。

可知，父母真正要给予孩子的是个人价值和正确的价值观，这才是父母真正的职责，所以文章主要讲父母的职责。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解
It is hard to say the first day of school in the United States because when the first day of school is and what happens on the first day of school usually are different by districts(地区).
The first day of school for many school districts in different states is on the day after the first Monday in September. In some other school districts, school begins in mid-to-late August. For example, the Denver, Colorado schools go back in mid-August and schools in Cleveland, Ohio start back usually one week before the first Monday in September. The Boston, Chicago, New York City and San Diego schools start back on the Tuesday or Wednesday after the first Monday in September.
Schools in Cleveland, Ohio used to start the school year on the day after the first Monday in September, but in the 1976-1977 and 1977-1978 academic years, the school year was affected by several bad snowstorms, extreme cold. In the 1978-1979 school year, the Ohio Department of Education moved the start of the year to late August, one week before the first Monday in
September. This went into effect in the 1980-1981 school year.
In most school districts in Utah, the school year starts between August 25 and August 30, and goes until the last week of May or the first week in June next year.
In American high schools, the freshmen class usually goes back one or two days before the rest of the school body for an orientation(迎新)period. An orientation period helps the freshmen get familiar with their new school, its rules, and surroundings.
In some schools, the freshmen classes have their photographs taken for identification purposes. Some high schools have tried to make the first week of school fun for incoming freshmen.
（1）According to the passage, which schools start their school year the earliest?
A. Schools in Denver.
B. Schools in Cleveland.
C. Schools in New York City.
D. Schools in Boston.
（2）Why did the Ohio Department of Education change the start of the school year?
A. Because of some political events.
B. Because of the entrance examinations.
C. Because of the increasing number of students.
D. Because of the extreme weather.
（3）How many months does the school year last in schools in Utah?
A. About seven months.
B. About eight months.
C. About nine months.
D. About ten months.
（4）The article is probably taken from ________.
A. a book about one's life story
B. an official website of education
C. an advertisement in a newspaper
D. a sports magazine
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，美国开学第一天的日期没有明文规定，因地区而异。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的”For example, the Den ver, Colorado schools go back in mid-August and schools in Cleveland, …Monday in September.“ 可知，丹佛的学校在八月中旬开学,克里夫兰的学校通常在9月的第一个星期一之前开始。

波士顿，芝加哥，纽约和圣地亚哥的学校在9月的第一个星期一之后的周二或周三开始。

综上所述，丹佛的学校开学最早。

故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的"but in the 1976-1977 and 1977-1978 academic years，the school year was affected by several bad snowstorms，extreme cold"可知俄亥俄州的学校受到暴风雪的影响，因而开学日发生了变化。

故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第四段中的”In most school districts in Utah, the school year starts …next year.“可知犹太州学年从8月25日到8月30日开始，一直持续到5月的最后一周或明年6月的第一周，持续时间为九个月左右，故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。

纵观全文可知，本文介绍了美国学校开学第一天的日期的内容，应属教育类，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需
要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解
An earthquake is one of the most common natural disasters. It may cause great damage. So it is wise to learn some simple safety tips to protect yourself or your family members.
Fragile items like those made of glass are easily broken and should usually be placed on a lower surface, near the ground instead of placing them in the cupboards higher up. Never place them near your bed, sofas and other furniture where you would be sitting or lying down. When there is a strong movement, these pieces will fall on the floor directly and not on you.
There is a strong chance of short circuits (短路) and fire during an earthquake. Make sure you turn off electrical connections and gas immediately when an earthquake happens.
During an earthquake, lie beneath an object that is not easily damaged. Do not go near objects that could directly fall on you. Never use the elevator to go down. Stay inside until the shaking stops and it is safe to go outside. Research has shown that most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out. Use the staircases at all times.
If you are outdoors, do not take shelter under a tree, streetlights, electric poles or tall buildings. If you are driving, stop your car and stay in a safe place. Do not park your car under a tree or any tall object.
If trapped in debris (瓦砾堆), cover your mouth with a handkerchief or clothing. Tap on a pipe or the wall so that rescuers (营救人员) can find you. Use a whistle (哨子) if one is available. Never shout for help. Shouting can cause you to breathe in dangerous amounts of dust. Do not light a match because you may burn yourself. Do not move about or kick up dust.
（1）The purpose of the passage is to tell readers .
A.what to do in earthquakes
B.how to prevent earthquakes
C.the damage caused by earthquakes
D.the rescue work after earthquakes
（2）The underlined word "Fragile" in Paragraph 2 probably means " ".
A.Easily found
B.Expensive
C.Easily broken
D.Heavy
（3）During the earthquake, people are advised to .
A.take shelter under a tree
B.drive to a safe place quickly
C.go out of the building at once
D.turn off electricity and gas immediately
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者对于如何在地震中保护自己和家人这一问题，
给出了一些简单的安全技巧。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“So it is wise to learn some simple safety tips to protect yourself or your family members.”因此，学习一些简单的安全技巧来保护自己和家人是明智的。

可知，这篇文章的目的是告诉读者在地震中该怎么做。

故选A。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第二段中的“like those made of glass are easily broken and should usually be placed on a lower surface, near the ground instead of placing them in the cupboards higher up.”像那些玻璃做的容易破碎，通常应放在较低的表面，接近地面，而不是把它们放在较高的碗柜。

可知，“Fragile”的意思是易碎的。

故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Make sure you turn off electrical connections and gas immediately when an earthquake happens.”当地震发生时，一定要立即切断电源和煤气。

可知，地震期间，建议人们立即关掉电和煤气。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解
For decades, doctors have warned patients that too much salt can be bad for the heart. Heat attack has long been considered a grown-up problem, but a new research suggests that salt is starting to affect children. Eating too much salty food when you're young can lead to health problems later.
Salt is made up of two elements: sodium and chlorine. Dietary guidelines recommend that adults and kids aged 9 — 13 shouldn't consume more than about a teaspoon of salt daily. The average American eats twice this amount. This worries doctors because too much sodium results in the body producing more blood. To pump the extra blood, the heart has to work harder. This causes a rise in blood pressure a measurement of how stressed the heart is. High blood pressure often leads to heart disease.
A kid with high blood pressure is more likely to become a grown-up with high blood pressure. Reducing salt might also help stop childhood obesity (肥胖). British researchers recently found that kids who eat less salt also drink fewer sugary soft drinks. Drinking fewer fizzy drinks makes kids less likely to gain weight, become obese and develop high blood pressure.
Salt can affect more than just your heart and weight. A recent study found that a growing number of kids in the US are suffering from kidney stones. This painful condition usually affects people aged over 40. Now, kids as young as five are getting it.
Cutting down on salt can be hard, but you can retrain yourself to prefer less salty food. The best way to reduce the amount of sodium you eat is to make changes gradually. Start by adding half as much salt to your dinner as you normally do. Switch to fresh foods instead of canned and bottled versions. And go easy on the condiments (调味品). You might also want to start reading nutrition labels. You may be surprised to learn that there are 1,150 mg of sodium in a double cheeseburger, and over 2, 000 mg in many frozen meals.
（1）What is the author's major concern?
A.Children eat too much salty food.
B.Many adults suffer from heart attack.
C.Americans consume too much salt.
D.Heart attack is now a youth problem.
（2）What does the author refer to as the cause of childhood obesity?
A.Eating more salty food.
ck of physical exercise.
C.Drinking many sugary soft drinks.
D.Eating the same food as the adults.
（3）What is another disease tending to be younger according to Paragraph 4?
A.Obesity.
B.Kidney stone.
C.Blood disease.
D.Heart attack.
（4）What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?
A.The laws of health.
B.How to cut down on salt.
C.Healthy diet.
D.The amount of salt we need.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）B
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了盐对心脏有影响的原因，以及人们在日常生活中保持低盐的生活方式。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Heat attack has long been considered a grown-up problem, but a new research suggests that salt is starting to affect children. Eating too much salty food when you're young can lead to health problems later. ”长期以来，心脏病被认为是成年人的问题，但一项新的研究表明，盐开始影响儿童。

年轻时吃太多咸的食物会导致以后的健康问题；以及第三段中的“A kid with high blood pressure is more likely to become a grown-up with high blood pressure.”一个有高血压的孩子更有可能成为一个有高血压的成年人，可知，文章作者特别担心孩子食用过咸的食物导致心脏病和高血压。

故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Reducing salt might also help stop childhood obesity (肥胖). British researchers recently found that kids who eat less salt also drink fewer sugary soft drinks. ”减少盐可能有助于阻止儿童长胖。

英国的研究人员最近发现吃盐少的孩子喝的含糖饮料也更少，可知，作者认为吃多盐食品和喝过多含糖的软饮料也会使孩子长胖。

故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“A recent study found that a growing number of kids in the US are suffering from kidney stones. This painful condition usually affects people aged over 40. Now, kids as young as five are getting it.”最近一项研究发现越来越多的美国孩子正在患肾
结石。

这种痛苦的病通常只在40岁以上的人才患，现在五岁的孩子也在遭受这种疾病，可知，研究发现现在肾结石这种病正在变得年轻化。

故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据第五段中的“The best way to reduce the amount of sodium you eat
is to make changes gradually. Start by adding half as much salt to your dinner as you normally do. Switch to fresh foods instead of canned and bottled versions. And go easy on the condiments(调
味品). You might also want to start reading nutrition labels. ”减少钠摄入量的最好方法是逐渐
改变。

先在晚餐中加入平时一半的食盐。

食用新鲜食品而非罐装或者瓶装食品。

少放些调
味品。

你可能也要阅读营养标签。

可知，本段提供了一些可以减少食盐摄入量的方法。

故
选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，考生需
要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解
Young mums shopping in the Copley Mall in downtown Boston-month found themselves being questioned about their use of soap by students from Harvard Business School usually known as HBS. The students were not doing odd jobs to earn beer money. They were preparing to help a firm in Brazil launch an antibacterial cleanser.
The 900 students arriving in Boston this summer for their two-year course were told that they would be subjects. The new practical addition to HBS's curriculum is known as "FIELD" that stands for Field Immersion Experiences for Leadership Development. Fieldwork — ie, going out and talking to people — is a big change for HBS.
Not all the staff and students were overjoyed to be experimented on. But the man responsible, Nitin Nohria, head of HBS, says that "If it works, the FIELD method could become an equal partner to the case method."
What happens in the second year of the new course is still being worked out. But the first year has three elements. First, team-building exercises. Students take turns to lead a group engaged in
a project. They learn to cooperate and to give and take feedback. Second, students will be sent to work for a week with one of more than 140 firms in 11 countries. In the third part of the course, students will be given eight weeks, and seed money of ＄3,000 each, to launch a small company. The most successful, as voted by their fellow students, will get more funding. The experiment does not come cheap, adding 5-10% to the course's cost, which HBS will bear while it figures out what works.
（1）Why were the students questioning those young mums, according to the first paragraph?
A.To promote an antibacterial cleanser.
B.To earn some money.
C.To prepare to help a firm to launch a product.
D.To make a study about soap.
（2）According to the plan for the first year course, the students_________.
A.will be led by a group and learn to give and take feedback
B.will have to set up a small company and earn at least $3,000 within eight weeks
C.will get more funding if his/her company is considered to be most successful by the fellow。