历年语法点试题总结
语法知识小题及答案
专题一动词的时态语态和主谓一致2018年题组1 一般时1.[2018全国Ⅰ，64]While running regularly can t make you live forever, the review says it(be) more effective at lengthening life...2.[2018全国Ⅱ，68]The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 —when the government (start) a soil-testing program... —and 2011,fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.3.［2018全国Ⅲ，69]When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just... True to a gorillas unaggressive nature, the huge animal (mean) me no real harm.4.［2018北京,1]—Hi, I m Peter. Are you new here? I haven t seen you around.—Hello, Peter. I m Bob. I just （start）on Monday.5.［2018全国Ⅱ改错］I didn t realize how right my parents are until I entered high school.题组2 进行时1.[2018北京，4]Susan had quit her well\|paid job and （work）as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year.题组3完成时1. [2018全国Ⅱ，61]Since 2011, the country (grow) more corn than rice.2.[2018北京，7]China’s high-speed railways （grow）from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.3.[2018全国Ⅲ改错]It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin.题组5将来时1.[2018江苏，31]Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be e-mailing each other, for we（develop）more convenient electronic communication tools by then.题组6被动语态1.[2018北京，9\]A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who （trap）in the mountains for two days.2.[2018天津，13\]My washing machine （repair）this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.3.[2018浙江6月，60\]...and I （shock) when I learnt she hadn t cooked once in all that time.4.［2018江苏，30\]I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan（carry）out in the past two years.题组7主谓一致1.［2018全国Ⅲ改错］The classroom is a place for learning and that include learning from textbooks, and mistakes as well.2017年题组1 一般时1.［2017·乙卷（全国Ⅰ）］Fast food ____ (be) full of fat and salt...2.［2017·甲卷（全国Ⅱ）］Later, engineers ____ (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube.3.［2017·丙卷(全国Ⅲ) ］But at the moment, school ____ (come) first.4.［2017·浙江］Pahlsson and her husband ____(search) the kitchen, checking every corner,but turned up nothing.5.［2017·北京］People ____ (have) better access to health care than they used to, and they’re living longer as a result.6.［2017·乙卷（全国Ⅰ）改错］Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, but once I started the car, my mind goes blank.7.［2017·甲卷（全国Ⅱ）改错］When summer came, they will invite their students to pick the fresh vegetables!8.［2017·丙卷(全国Ⅲ)改错］About one month after this photo was taken, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club.题组2 进行时1.［2017·天津］I____ (drive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.题组3 完成时1.［2017·丙卷(全国Ⅲ)改错］I had grown not only physically, but also mentally in the past few years.题组6 被动语态1.［2017·乙卷（全国Ⅰ）］When fat and salt ____ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.2.［2017·甲卷（全国Ⅱ）］Steam engines ____ (use) to pull the carriages...3.［2017·丙卷(全国Ⅲ)］Sarah ____ (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year.4.［2017·北京］In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones ____ (invent) yet.5.［2017·江苏］He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he____ (follow).6.［2017·天津］Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, ____ (regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.7.［2017·丙卷(全国Ⅲ)改错］About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and became a new member of the school music club.题组7 主谓一致1.［2017·江苏］The publication of Great Expectations, which ____ (be) both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading novelist.题组1 一般时2012——2016年1.［2016•乙卷（全国Ⅰ）］So it was a great honour...I ____ (allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre.2.［2015•新课标全国Ⅰ］It was raining lightly when I ____ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.3.［2015•江苏］The real reason why prices ____ (be), and still are, too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.4.［2015•湖南］I wasn’t able to hide my eagerness when I ____ (ask),"What do you wish me to do now?"5.［2015•湖南］That’s why I help brighten people’s days. If you____ (do), who’s to say that another person will?6.［2015•重庆］—Is Peter coming?—No, he ____ (change) his mind after a phone call at the last minute.7.［2014•新课标全国Ⅰ］In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It ____ (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.8.［2014•湖南］Whenever you ____ (buy) a present, you should think about it from the receiver’s point of view.9.［2014•重庆］You’d better write down her phone number before you____ (forget)it.10.［2014•福建］—Haven’t seen you for ages! Where have you been?—I went to Ningxia and ____ (stay) there for one year, teaching as a volunteer.11. ［2013•安徽］I’m calling about the apartment you ____ (advertise) the other day. Could you tell me more about it?12.［2013•重庆］I felt very tired when I got home, and I ____ (go)straight to bed.13.［2013•陕西］On Monday mornings it usually ____ (take) me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles.14.［2013•湖南］Around two o’clock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat ____ (bother) us.15.［2013•山东］I didn’t think I’d like the movie, but actually it ____ (be) pretty good.16.［2012•新课标全国］"Life is like walking in the snow," Granny used to say, "because every step ____ (show)."17.［2012•天津］The three of us ____ (travel) around Europe for about a month last summer.18.［2016•乙卷（全国Ⅰ）改错］It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside.19.［2016•甲卷（全国Ⅱ）改错］The summer holiday is corning...I thought that it is a good idea.20.［2016•丙卷(全国Ⅲ)改错］They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time, I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me...21.［2015•新课标全国Ⅰ改错］When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there.22.［2015•新课标全国Ⅱ改错］Tony was scared and begun to cry.23.［2015•新课标全国Ⅱ改错］A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside the shop.24.［2014•新课标全国Ⅱ改错］My dream school starts at 8:30 a.m. and ends at 3:30 p.m. ... We didn’t need to do so much homework.题组2进行时25.［2015•天津］Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 o’clock this afternoon because she ____ (teach) a class at that time.26.［2015•湖南］He must have sensed that I ____ (look)at him. He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly, "Why are you staring at me like that?"27.［2014•重庆］James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he ____（come）until yesterday.28.［2014•北京］—Hi, let’s go skating.—Sorry, I’m busy right now. I ____ (fill) in an application form for a new job.29.［2014•四川］She ____ (phone) someone，so I nodded to her and went away．30.［2013•陕西］Jim ____ (watch) a late-night film at home when, right in the middle of a thrilling scene, the television went blank.31.［2013•湖南］—I don’t understand why you didn’t go to the lecture yesterday afternoon. —I’m so sorry. But I ____ (do) my homework.32.［2013•四川］Hurry up, kids! The school bus ____（wait）for us!33.［2013•天津］The water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workers ____ (repair) one of the main pipes.34.［2012•湖南］"The moment ____ (come) soon,"he thought to himself,waiting nervously.35.［2012•福建］—When did the computer crash?—This morning, while I ____ (sort) the reading materials downloaded from some websites.36.［2012•四川］—Did you catch what I said?—Sorry. I ____ (answer) a text message just now.37.［2012•陕西］—Can I call you back at two o’clock this afternoon?—I’m sorry, but by then I ____ (fly) to Beijing.How about five?38.［2012•辽宁］I feel so excited! At this time tomorrow morning I ____ (fly) to Shanghai.题组3完成时39.［2016•北京］I ____（read）half of the English novel, and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend.40.［2016•浙江］Silk ____（become）one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.41.［2015•北京］—Did you have difficulty finding Ann’s house?—Not really. She ____ (give)us clear directions and we were able to find it easily.42.［2015•北京］In the last few years, China ____ (make) great achievements in environmental protection.43.［2015•安徽］Just as I got to the school gate, I realized I ____ (leave) my book in the cafe.44.［2015•天津］Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement ____ (reach)so far by the two sides.45.［2014•山东］Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we ____（expect）.46.［2014•江苏］—How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?—Well, the media ____ (cover) it in a variety of forms.47.［2014•浙江］Sofia looked around at all the faces: she had the impression that she ____ (see) most of the guests before.48.［2013•浙江］During the last three decades,the number of people participating in physical fitness programs ____ (increase) sharply.49.［2013•辽宁］He was unhappy when he sold his guitar. After all, he ____ (have) it for a very long time.50.［2013•新课标全国Ⅰ］When I first met Bryan I didn’t like him, but I ____ (change) my mind.51.［2013•山东］—Oh no! We’re too late. The train ____ (leave).—That’s OK. We’ll catch the next train to London.52.［2013•湖南］—Have you heard about the recent election?—Sure, it____ (be) the only thing on the news for the last three days.53.［2012•浙江］—Alvin, are you coming with us?—I'd love to, but something unexpected ____ (come)up.54.［2012•江苏］The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where he ____ (meet) some European business partners.55.［2012•江西］—Look! Somebody ____ (clean) the sofa.—Well, it wasn’t me. I didn’t do it.题组4完成进行时56.［2016•江苏］Dashan, who ____（learn）crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition.57.［2015•福建］—Where is Peter? I can’t find him anywhere.—He went to the library after breakfast and ____ (write)his essay there ever since.58.［2015•陕西］Marty ____ (work) really hard on his book and he thinks he’ll have finished it by Friday.59.［2014•湖南］Since the time humankind started gardening, we ____（try）to make our environment more beautiful.60.［2014•江西］—Tony, why are your eyes red?—I ____（cut）up peppers for the last five minutes.61.［2013•福建］The girl has a great interest in sport and ____ (take) badminton classes twice a week over the last three years.62.［2012•安徽］In order to find the missing child, villagers ____ (do) all they can over the past five hours.63.［2011•北京］Tom ____ (work) in the library every night over the last three months.64.［2011•新课标全国］When Alice came to, she did not know how long she ____ (lie) there.65.［2014•新课标全国Ⅰ改错］Since then —for all these years —we had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please.题组5将来时66.［2016•北京］The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts ____（reward）with success in the end.67.［2015•北京］—Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment.—All right. I ____ (call) him later.68.［2015•湖南］As you go through this book, you ____ (find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World War Ⅱhad a different experience.69.［2015•四川］More expressways ____ (build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.70.［2015•陕西］At college, Barack Obama didn’t know that he ____ (be) to become the first black president of the United States of America.71.［2015•浙江］Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child, few people guessed that he ____ (go) to be a famous scientist whose theories would change the world.72.［2014•北京］—What time is it?—I have no idea. But just a minute, I ____（check）it for you.73.［2013•北京］—Do you think Mom and Dad ____ (be) late?—No. Swiss Air is usually on time.74.［2013•辽宁］We are confident that the environment ____ (improve) by our further efforts to reduce pollution.75.［2012•湖南］Close the door of fear behind you,and you ____ (see) the door of faith open before you.76.［2012•湖南］Don’t worry.The hard work that you do now ____ (repay) later in life.77.［2012•北京］By the time you have finished this book, your meal ____ (get) cold.题组6被动语态78.［2016•丙卷(全国Ⅲ)］Truly elegant chopsticks might ____ (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.79.［2016•江苏］More efforts, as reported, ____（make）in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform.80.［2015•北京］—Did you enjoy the party?—Yes. We ____ (treat) well by our hosts.81.［2015•福建］To my delight, I ____ (choose)from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.82.［2015•湖南］I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy, but ____ (hold) back thankfully by the shop window.83.［2014•天津］We won’t start the work until all the preparations ____ (make).84.［2013•北京］Shakespeare’s play Hamlet ____ (make) into at least ten different films over the past years.85.［2013•湖南］If nothing ____ (do), the oceans will turn into fish deserts.86.［2013•上海］The school board is made up of parents who ____ (elect) to make decisions about school affairs.87.［2012•安徽］After school we went to the reading-room to do some reading, only to be told that it ____ (decorate).88.［2012•北京］—Have you heard about that fire in the market?—Yes, fortunately no one ____ (hurt).89.［2016•乙卷（全国Ⅰ）改错］Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking.题组7 主谓一致90.［2016•甲卷（全国Ⅱ）］If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back...Leaving the less important things until tomorrow ____ (be) often acceptable.91.［2016•丙卷(全国Ⅲ)］Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and (be) too violent for use at the table.92.［2015•湖南］It is important to remember that success ____（be）a sum of small efforts made each day and often ____ (take) years to achieve.93.［2014•新课标全国Ⅰ］...for most of us the ____ (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river...94.［2014•湖南］All we need ____ (be) a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.95.［2013•湖南］The university estimates that living expenses for international students ____(be) around ＄8,450 a year, which ____ (be) a burden for some of them.96.［2013•江苏］Generally, students' inner motivation with high expectations from others ____ (be)essential to their development.97.［2013•福建］The famous musician, as well as his students, ____ (invite) to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.98.［2012•湖南］All the scientific evidence ____ (show)that increasing use of chemicals in farming ____ (be)damaging our health.99.［2012•陕西］The basketball coach, as well as his team, ____ (be)interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.100.［2014•新课标全国Ⅱ改错］My dream school look like a big garden.专题二非谓语动词2018年题组2非谓语动词作状语1.[2018全国Ⅰ，62]You don’t have to run fast or for long (see) the benefit.2.[2018全国Ⅱ，64]Another reason for corn’s rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice (improve) water quality.3. [2018北京，6]During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together（share）a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.4.[2018北京，10]Ordinary soap, (use) correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.5.[2018江苏,26]Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, （exceed）the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.6.[2018全国Ⅲ改错]Everyone was silent, wait to see who would ...题组3非谓语动词作补语1.[2018全国Ⅲ，70]Once his message was delivered, he allowed me(stay) and watch.2.[2018天津，7I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph(take).题组4非谓语动词作主语、宾语和表语1.[2018全国Ⅰ，63]You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of(die) early by running.2.[2018全国Ⅲ，64&65]I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel (challenge).3.[2018北京，3] （travel）along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.4.[2018天津，12]I didn’t mean （eat）anything but the ice cream looked so good thatI couldn’t help （try）it.5.[2018浙江6月，59]I still remember (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years…6.[2018全国Ⅰ改错]My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish.7.[2018全国Ⅱ改错]As a kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not let me.2017年题组1 非谓语动词作定语1.［2017·北京］Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time ____ (spend) with hisstudents.2.［2017·天津］I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ____ (catch).3.［2017·北京］The national park has a large collection of wildlife, ____ (range) from butterflies to elephants.题组2 非谓语动词作状语1.［2017·江苏］Many Chinese brands, ____ (develop) their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.2.［2017·天津］The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ____ (allow) more patients to be treated.3.［2017·浙江］...Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring ____ (cook) a meal.4.［2017·北京］Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online ____ (save) their valuable time.题组3 非谓语动词作补语1.［2017·乙卷（全国Ⅰ）］They are required ____ (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.题组4 非谓语动词作主语、宾语和表语1.［2017·乙卷（全国Ⅰ）］Fast food (is) full of fat and salt; by ____ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.2.［2017·甲卷（全国Ⅱ）］This included digging up the road, ____ (lay) the track and then buildinga strong roof ...3.［2017·丙卷(全国Ⅲ)］But Sarah, (who) has taken part in shows along with top models, wants ____ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.4.［2017·丙卷(全国Ⅲ)］But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term ____ (rest).2012——2016年题组1非谓语动词作定语1.［2016•乙卷（全国Ⅰ）］...（when）I was the first Western TV reporter ____ (permit) to filma special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.2.［2016•四川］For 25 days, she never left her baby, not even to find something ____ (eat)!3.［2015•新课标全国Ⅰ］Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it (regularly) (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people ____ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.4.［2015•新课标全国Ⅱ］The adobe dwellings (土坯房)____ (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by...5.［2015•北京］The park was full of people,____ (enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.6.［2014•大纲］Today there are more airplanes ____（carry）more people than ever before in the skies.7.［2014•浙江］Amie Salmon,disabled,is attended throughout her school days by a nurse ____ (appoint) to guard her.8. ［2014•重庆］The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras ____ (return) to our shop for quality problems.9.［2013•陕西］The witnesses ____ (question) by the police just now gave very differentdescriptions of the fight.10.［2013•湖南］You cannot accept an opinion____ (offer) to you unless it is based on facts.11.［2013•天津］In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words ____ (use) in daily conversations.12.［2013•北京］V olunteering gives you a chance ____ (change) lives, including your own.13.［2013•四川］The airport ____ (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area.14.［2013•辽宁］Laura was away in Paris for over a week. When she got home, there was a pile of mail ____ (wait) for her.15.［2013•新课标全国Ⅰ］They might just have a place ____ (leave) on the writing course —why don’t you give it a try?16.［2012•北京］Birds’singing is sometimes a warning to other birds ____ (stay) away.17.［2012•重庆］We’re having a meeting in half an hour. The decision ____ (make) at the meeting will influence the future of our company.题组2非谓语动词作状语18.［2016•丙卷(全国Ⅲ)］People probably cooked their food in large pots, ____ (use) twigs (树枝) to remove it.19.［2016•天津］The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows, ____（make）air conditioning unnecessary.20.［2016•北京］____（make）it easier to get in touch with us, you’d better keep this card at hand.21.［2016•北京］____(order)over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.22.［2016•北京］Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, ____ (turn) the old town into a dreamland.23.［2015•北京］____ (catch) the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.24.［2015•江苏］Much time ____ (spend) sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.25.［2015•福建］____ (learn) more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.26.［2015•福建］In recent years an English word "infosphere" has appeared,____ (combine)the sense of "information" and "atmosphere".27.［2015•湖南］When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile, she stood rooted to the ground, ____ (wonder)whether to stay or leave.28.［2015•天津］_____ (work) for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.29.［2015•湖南］Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students ____ (talk)over what is bothering them.30.［2015•重庆］____ (raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becominga football star.31.［2015•重庆］Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way ____ (use) the sun and the stars.32.［2014•湖南］Children, when ____（accompany）by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.33.［2014•重庆］Group activities will be organized after class ____（help）children develop team spirit.34.［2014•山东］There’s a note pinned to the door ____（say）when the shop will open again.35.［2014•陕西］____ (work) out the difficult maths problem,I have consulted Professor Russellseveral times.36.［2014•四川］—I hope to take the computer course．—Good idea．____ (find) out more about it, visit this website．37.［2013•湖南］____ (stay) warm at night, I would fill the woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it.38.［2013•新课标全国Ⅰ］The sunlight is white and blinding, ____ (throw) hard-edged shadows on the ground.39.［2013•新课标全国Ⅱ］I got to the office earlier that day,____ (catch) the 7:30 train from Paddington.40.［2013•安徽］____ (found) in the early 20th century,the school keeps on inspiring children’s love of art.41.［2013•重庆］When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed, ____(tell) me stories till I fell asleep.42.［2013•江苏］Lionel Messi, ____ (set) the record for the most goals in a calendar year, is considered the most talented football player in Europe.43.［2013•山东］____ (eat) at the cafeteria before, Tina didn’t want to eat there again.44.［2012•全国Ⅱ］The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy ____ (watch) anything that happened to be on.45.［2012•山东］George returned after the war,only ____ (tell) that his wife had left him.46.［2012•辽宁］This machine is very easy ____ (operate).Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.47.［2015•陕西］Back from his two-year medical service in Africa, Dr. Lee was very happy to see his mother ____ (take) good care of at home.48.［2014•四川］The manager was satisfied to see many new products ____ （develop）after great effort．49.［2013•陕西］Let those in need ____ (understand) that we will go all out to help them.50.［2013•北京］When we saw the road ____ (block) with snow,we decided to spend the holiday at home.51.［2012•四川］I looked up and noticed a snake ____ (wind) its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.52.［2012•四川］Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car ____ (wash).53.［2012•江西］Having finished her project, she was invited by the school ____ (speak) to the new students.54.［2012•辽宁］The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog ____ (follow) them.题组4非谓语动词作主语、宾语和表语55.［2016•乙卷（全国Ⅰ）］My ambassadorial duties will include ____ (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.56.［2015•新课标全国Ⅱ］In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their (ability) (able) to "air condition" a house without ____ (use) electric equipment.57.［2015•安徽］____ (ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.58.［2014•湖南］____（understand）your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.59.［2014•福建］For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying ____（connect）.60.［2014•山东］It’s standard practice for a company like this one ____（employ）a security officer.61.［2014•江西］When it comes to ____ (speak) in public, no one can match him.62.［2014•陕西］It’s quite hot today. Do you feel like ____ (go) for a swim?63.［2013•福建］____ (know) basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.64.［2013•浙江］____ (hear) how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.65.［2013•江苏］Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and ____ (reduce) to ruins, the city took on a new look.66.［2012•安徽］I remembered ____ (lock) the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.67.［2012•陕西］If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but ____ (meet) an even greater challenge.68.［2012•湖南］We’ve had a good start,but next,more work needs ____ (do) to achieve the final success.69.［2012•北京］One learns a language by making mistakes and ____ (correct) them.70.［2016•甲卷（全国Ⅱ）改错］We can choose between staying at home and take a trip.71.［2016•丙卷(全国Ⅲ)改错］I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.72.［2015•新课标全国Ⅱ改错］After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found his parents were missing.专题三介词、介词短语和动词短语2018年题组1介词1.[2018全国I，65]While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it is more effective at lengthening life walking, cycling or swimming.2.［2018全国Ⅱ，65]Corn uses less water rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff.3.［2018浙江6月，65]If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home dinner, get a few cooking tips from her.4.［2018全国Ⅰ改错]At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, and he agreed.题组2介词短语1.[2018浙江11月，60]One cup of coffee the late afternoon or evening will cause them to stay awake almost all night.题组3动词短语1.[2018全国Ⅲ，67]I was searching these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing.2.[2018江苏高考，25]Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project whichcalls a clear road map and timetable.3.[2018天津高考，3]At first Robert wouldn’t let his daughter go diving, but eventually he gaveas she was so confident about her skills.2017年题组1 介词1.［2017·乙卷（全国Ⅰ）］This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) ____a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects such as overweight and heart disease...2.［2017·甲卷（全国Ⅱ）］It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and ____work.3.［2017·丙卷(全国Ⅲ)］After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree ____ engineering or architecture.4.［2017·北京］Many people who live along the coast make a living ____the fishing industry.5.［2017·天津］When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California, you will be ____trees that are over 1,000 years old.6.［2017·甲卷（全国Ⅱ）改错］They have also bought for some gardening tools.7.［2017·丙卷(全国Ⅲ)改错］When I look at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies.题组2 介词短语1.［2017·江苏］Determining where we are ____ relation to our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.2.［2017·天津］We offer an excellent education to our students. ____ return, we expect students to work hard.3.［2017·江苏］—What does the stuff on your T-shirt mean?—It’s nothing. Just something ____ the top of my head.4.［2017·乙卷（全国Ⅰ）改错］It was a relief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle on the road.题组3 动词短语1.［2017·江苏］Working with the medical team in Africa has brought____ the best in her as a doctor.2.［2017·天津］Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter settle____，get married, and have kids.2012年——2016年题组1介词1.［2016•甲卷（全国Ⅱ）］Most of us are more focused ____ our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.2.［2016•丙卷(全国Ⅲ)］In India, for example, most people traditionally eat ____ their hands.3.［2016•浙江］The study suggests that the cultures we grow up ____ influence the basic processes by which we see the world around us.4.［2015•江苏］Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around but ____ Thomas Edison.5.［2015•重庆］Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68 ℃____。
初中英语语法基础知识大全100题
初中英语语法基础知识大全100题Grammar is the foundation of language, and a strong grasp of grammar principles is essential for effective communication in English. For middle school students, establishing a solid understanding of English grammar basics is crucial as they continue to develop their language skills. This essay will explore 100 essential grammar fundamentals that every middle school student should master.1. Parts of Speech: Nouns, Verbs, Adjectives, Adverbs, Pronouns, Prepositions, Conjunctions, and Interjections.2. Singular and Plural Nouns: Regular and irregular plural forms.3. Possessive Nouns: Forming possessive case with apostrophes.4. Proper Nouns and Common Nouns: Capitalization rules.5. Subject-Verb Agreement: Ensuring verbs agree with their subjects in number and person.6. Verb Tenses: Present, past, future, and their progressive and perfect forms.7. Irregular Verbs: Common verbs with unique past tense and past participle forms.8. Active Voice and Passive Voice: Recognizing and using both constructions.9. Transitive and Intransitive Verbs: Verbs that require objects and those that do not.10. Linking Verbs: Verbs that connect the subject to a subject complement.11. Auxiliary Verbs (Helping Verbs): Verbs that assist the main verb, such as "be," "have," and "do."12. Modal Auxiliaries: Verbs that express possibility, obligation, permission, and other modalities.13. Gerunds and Infinitives: Verbal forms that function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs.14. Adjective Types: Descriptive, possessive, demonstrative, interrogative, and articles.15. Degrees of Comparison: Positive, comparative, and superlative forms of adjectives.16. Adverb Types: Manner, time, place, frequency, degree, and sentence adverbs.17. Comparative and Superlative Adverbs: Forming adverb comparisons.18. Personal Pronouns: Subject, object, possessive, and reflexive forms.19. Indefinite Pronouns: Words like "someone," "anyone," "nothing," and "all."20. Relative Pronouns: "Who," "whom," "whose," "which," and "that."21. Interrogative Pronouns: "Who," "what," "where," "when," "why," and "how."22. Preposition Types: Prepositions of time, place, direction, and relationship.23. Prepositional Phrases: Identifying and using prepositional phrases correctly.24. Coordinating Conjunctions: "And," "but," "or," "nor," "for," "so," and "yet."25. Subordinating Conjunctions: "Because," "since," "when," "while," "if," and "unless."26. Correlative Conjunctions: Paired conjunctions like "both...and," "either...or," and "neither...nor."27. Interjections: Expressing emotion or emphasis, such as "Ouch!" and "Wow!"28. Sentence Types: Declarative, interrogative, imperative, and exclamatory sentences.29. Simple Sentences: One independent clause with a subject and a verb.30. Compound Sentences: Two or more independent clauses joined by a coordinator.31. Complex Sentences: An independent clause and one or more dependent clauses.32. Compound-Complex Sentences: Combining compound and complex sentence structures.33. Phrases: Noun phrases, verb phrases, adjective phrases, andadverb phrases.34. Clauses: Independent clauses and dependent clauses.35. Dangling and Misplaced Modifiers: Recognizing and correcting these common errors.36. Parallel Structure: Maintaining consistency in the grammatical form of related elements.37. Sentence Fragments: Identifying and correcting incomplete sentences.38. Run-On Sentences: Recognizing and fixing two or more independent clauses joined incorrectly.39. Subject-Verb Inversion: Inverting the subject and verb in certain sentence structures.40. Negation: Forming negative statements using "not," "no," and other negating words.41. Contractions: Combining words to form shortened forms, such as "can't" and "won't."42. Capitalization Rules: When to capitalize proper nouns, titles, and the beginning of sentences.43. Punctuation: Using periods, commas, semicolons, colons, apostrophes, and quotation marks correctly.44. Appositives: Noun phrases that rename or describe another noun.45. Participial Phrases: Verb phrases that function as adjectives or adverbs.46. Gerund Phrases: Noun phrases beginning with a gerund.47. Infinitive Phrases: Verb phrases beginning with an infinitive.48. Restrictive and Nonrestrictive Clauses: Defining and nondefining relative clauses.49. Conditional Sentences: "If-then" statements expressing hypothetical situations.50. Passive Voice Transformation: Changing active voice sentences to passive voice.51. Direct and Indirect Speech: Reporting statements, questions, and commands.52. Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement: Ensuring pronouns agree with their antecedents.53. Pronoun Case: Subjective, objective, and possessive pronoun forms.54. Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns: Using "self" and "selves" pronouns correctly.55. Demonstrative Pronouns: "This," "that," "these," and "those."56. Indefinite Pronouns: "Everyone," "someone," "anything," and "nothing."57. Relative Pronouns: "Who," "whom," "whose," "which," and "that."58. Interrogative Pronouns: "Who," "what," "which," "whose," and "whom."59. Preposition Placement: Appropriate positioning of prepositions in sentences.60. Conjunction Usage: Selecting the right coordinating or subordinating conjunction.61. Adverb Placement: Properly positioning adverbs within asentence.62. Adjective Order: Following the correct order when using multiple adjectives.63. Verb Tense Consistency: Maintaining consistent verb tense throughout a passage.64. Subjunctive Mood: Using "were" instead of "was" in certain hypothetical statements.65. Gerund vs. Infinitive: Choosing between gerund and infinitive verb forms.66. Active vs. Passive Voice: Determining the appropriate voice for a given sentence.67. Subject-Verb Agreement with Collective Nouns: Singular or plural verb form.68. Compound Subject Agreement: Ensuring correct verb agreement with compound subjects.69. Dangling Modifiers: Correcting sentence structures with unclear modifications.70. Misplaced Modifiers: Placing modifiers in the appropriate position in a sentence.71. Parallel Structure in Lists: Maintaining grammatical consistency ina series of items.72. Comma Usage: Properly using commas in a variety of sentence structures.73. Semicolon Usage: Correctly applying semicolons to join independent clauses.74. Colon Usage: Appropriately using colons to introduce lists or explanations.75. Apostrophe Usage: Proper placement of apostrophes in possessive forms and contractions.76. Quotation Mark Usage: Correctly incorporating quotations and dialogue.77. Capitalization Rules: Applying capitalization guidelines for proper nouns, titles, and more.78. Abbreviation and Acronym Usage: Correctly using abbreviated forms and acronyms.79. Numbers and Numerals: Deciding when to spell out numbers versus using numerals.80. Commonly Confused Words: Distinguishing between homophones and similar-sounding words.81. Idioms and Idiomatic Expressions: Understanding and using common English idioms.82. Preposition Combinations: Mastering the appropriate prepositions to use in various contexts.83. Relative Clause Placement: Ensuring relative clauses are positioned correctly.84. Noun Clause Structure: Constructing noun clauses as subjects, objects, and complements.85. Adverb Clause Structure: Forming adverb clauses to provide additional information.86. Adjective Clause Structure: Creating adjective clauses to modifynouns and pronouns.87. Conditional Clause Structure: Constructing "if-then" statements and other conditional sentences.88. Passive Voice Transformation: Converting active voice sentences to passive voice.89. Direct and Indirect Speech: Accurately reporting statements, questions, and commands.90. Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement: Ensuring pronouns agree with their antecedents in number and gender.91. Pronoun Case: Properly using subjective, objective, and possessive pronoun forms.92. Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns: Identifying and applying the correct "self" pronouns.93. Demonstrative Pronouns: Appropriately using "this," "that," "these," and "those."94. Indefinite Pronouns: Recognizing and using universal, existential, and negative pronouns.95. Relative Pronouns: Selecting the right relative pronoun ("who," "whom," "whose," "which," "that").96. Interrogative Pronouns: Employing "who," "what," "which," "whose," and "whom" correctly.97. Preposition Placement: Ensuring prepositions are positioned properly in sentences.98. Conjunction Usage: Choosing the appropriate coordinating or subordinating conjunction.99. Adverb Placement: Determining the correct placement of adverbs within a sentence.100. Adjective Order: Arranging multiple adjectives in the proper sequence.Mastering these 100 essential grammar fundamentals will provide middle school students with a strong foundation in English language skills. By understanding the rules and conventions governing parts of speech, sentence structures, punctuation, and more, students can improve their written and oral communication, as well as their reading comprehension. Continuous practice and reinforcement of these grammar principles will equip middle school students for success in their academic and professional pursuits.。
专升本语法历年真题专项整理
第一节名词及其基础语法一：名词语法精讲可数名词的复数1.规则变化：（1）绝大多数名词的复数形式是在名词后直接加—s.Map—maps book---books grade --- grades(2)以字母s,sh,ch,x结尾和以辅音字母+o 结尾的名词加-es.Bus---buses dish---dishes box---boxes但是以字母— o 结尾的单词例外，应直接加“--s”Piano---pianos photo---photos radio---radios zoo---zoos(3)以字母f或fe结尾的名词构成复数形式时，要把f或fe 改为v，再加-es.Life—lives leaf---leaves knife---knives shelf---shelves以下单词例外，应直接加“--s”Roof—roofs chief—chiefs另外，handkerchief的复数形式以上两种变法都可以。
（4）以辅音字母+y 结尾的名词构成复数形式时，要把-y改成-i, 再加-es.Story---stories baby---babies country----countries2.不规则变化(1)改变单数名词中的元音字母。
Man—men woman—women foot---feet goose---geese(2)单复数形式相同。
a sheep—two sheep a dear----two dear(3) 其他形式child----children ox---oxen mouse----mice(3)表示“某国人”的名词单，复数形式因习惯各异。
A．单，复数形式相同：a Chinese --- two Chinese a Japanese----two JapaneseB. 词尾加—s :a Russian --- two Russians a German--- two GermansC. 变man为men:an Englishman—two Englishmen a Dutchman—two Dutchmen3.复合名词的复数形式：(1)写成一个词且不含连字符者，通常在第二部分加复数词尾。
词汇与语法高频原题(重点掌握)
词汇与语法高频原题（重点掌握）1.（单选题）The girl is_____of a film star.A.somebodyB.somethingC.anybodyD.anyone正确答案：B2.（单选题）It's time we ____ the lecture because everybody has arrived.A.will startB.shall startC.startD.started正确答案：D3.（单选题）Therefore,other things______equal, the number of workers that employers want decreases.A.isB.areC.beingD.having正确答案：C4.（单选题）Two days is not enough for him to finish the work. He need ________day.A.otherB.the otherC.the thirdD.a third正确答案：D5.（单选题）The red flower goes from one to _______ in the class.A.the otherB.othersC.anotherD.other正确答案：C6.（单选题）It is said that she will go abroad_____this month.A.some timeB.some timesC.sometimeD.sometimes正确答案：C7.（单选题）Never before _______ see such a terrible car accident on the road!A.I haveB.have IC.I didD.did I正确答案：D8.（单选题）This kind of material expands______the temperature increasing.A.toB.forC.withD.at正确答案：C9.（单选题）People at the party worried about him,because no one was aware_______he had gone.A.of whereB.of the place whereC.whereD.the place正确答案：A10.（单选题）A sudden noise of a fire-engine made him___to the door.A.hurryingB.hurriedC.hurryD.to hurry正确答案：C11.（单选题）No matter______,the little sisters managed to round the sheep up and drive them back home safely.A.it was snowing hardB.hard it was snowingC.how it was snowing hardD.how hard it was snowing正确答案：D12.（单选题）There's lots of fruit_____the tree．Our little cat is also in the treeA.inB.atC.underD.on正确答案：D13.（单选题）How can he_____if he is not_____?A.listen; hearingB.hear; listeningC.be listening; heardD.be hearing; listened to正确答案：B14.（单选题）The students were all entertained in a Mexican restaurant, at Professor Brian’s______.A.moneyB.payC.expenseD.loss正确答案：C15.（单选题）Tom, what did you do with my documents? I have never seen such a _____ and disorder.C.guessD.bus正确答案：B16.（单选题）The atmosphere_____certain gases mixed together in definite proportions.poses ofB.is made upC.consists ofD.makes up of正确答案：C17.（单选题）The reason I did not go abroad was _ a job in my home town.A.becauseB.due toC.that I gotD.because of getting正确答案：C18.（单选题）______she survived the accident is miracle.A.WhatB.ThatC.AsD.Which正确答案：B19.（单选题）I often see______the road on his way home.A.he crossB.him crossC.him crossedD.he crossing正确答案：B20.（单选题）His mother______alone since his father died.A.livedB.livesC.has livedD.is living正确答案：C21.（单选题）The workers are busy_____models for the exhibition.A.to makeB.with makingC.being makingD.making正确答案：D22.（单选题）Professor smith promised to look _______my paper, that is, to read it carefully before the defence.A.afterB.over正确答案：B23.（单选题）Our house is about a mile from the railway station and there are not many houses _______.A.in betweenB.far apartC.among themD.from each other正确答案：A24.（单选题）As the bus came round the corner, it ran ______ a big tree by the roadside.A.intoB.onC.overD.up正确答案：A25.（单选题）Had you come five minutes earlier, you ______ the train to Birmingham. But now you missed it.A.would catchB.would have caughtC.could catchD.should catch正确答案：B26.（单选题）I would like to do the job______you don't force me to study.A.in caseB.althoughC.thoughD.as long as正确答案：D27.（单选题）The top of the Great Wall is ______for five horses to go side by side.A.wideB.so wideC.wide enoughD.enough wide正确答案：C28.（单选题）We've missed the last bus.I'm afraid we have no ________ but to take a taxi.A.wayB.choiceC.possibilityD.selection正确答案：B29.（单选题）Nancy is considered to be______the other students in her class.A.less intelligentB.the most intelligentC.intelligent as wellD.as intelligent as正确答案：D30.（单选题）It's_____that he was wrong.A.clearlyB.clarityC.clearD.clearling正确答案：C31.（单选题）_______you are leaving tomorrow, we can eat dinner together tonight.A.SinceB.WhileC.ForD.Before正确答案：A32.（单选题）It was well known that Thomas Edison __________the electric lamp.A.discoveredB.inventedC.foundD.developed正确答案：B33.（单选题）We worked hard and completed the task ______.A.in the timeB.on the timeC.ahead of timeD.before time正确答案：C34.（单选题）I didn't expect you to turn______at the meeting yesterday.A.upB.toC.outD.over正确答案：A35.（单选题）I like the teacher______classes are very interesting and creative.A.whichB.whoC.whoseD.what正确答案：C36.（单选题）He is not seriously ill,but only a______headache.A.obviousB.delicateC.slightD.temporary正确答案：C37.（单选题）The boy is not happy at the new school. He has ________ friends there.A.fewB.a fewC.littleD.a little正确答案：A38.（单选题）I fell and hurt myself while I ________ basketball yesterday.A.was playingB.am playingC.playD.played正确答案：A39.（单选题）Tom_____more than twenty pounds on the novel.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took正确答案：A40.（单选题）Don't forget______the window before you leave the room.A.to have closeB.to closeC.having closedD.closing正确答案：B41.（单选题）Twenty people were_____wounded in the air crash.A.quicklyB.wronglyC.bitterlyD.seriously正确答案：D42.（单选题）It was because of the heavy rain last night ______ I didn't go home before 10 o'clock.A.whatB.whenC.whichD.how正确答案：A43.（单选题）He was drinking pop_______the rest of us drank whisky.A.whileB.asC.sinceD.when正确答案：A44.（单选题）_______with you,I have a long way to go.paredparingC.To comparepare正确答案：A45.（单选题）How______you say that you really understand the whole story if you have only covered only part of the article?A.canB.mustC.needD.may正确答案：A46.（单选题）Once environmental damage ________,it will take many years for the system to recover.A.is to doB.doesC.has doneD.is done正确答案：D47.（单选题）“Let me______you,”said my boss“you should call me immediately after you arrive at the airport.”A.askB.adviseC.rememberD.remind正确答案：D48.（单选题）Not until the meeting was over ______ that he had made a mistake in his speech.A.he realizedB.did he realizeC.he has realizedD.has he realized正确答案：B49.（单选题）Farmers use water in many ways. ________, they use water to grow crops.A.In factB.For exampleC.BesidesD.Because of this正确答案：B50.（单选题）The grey building is the workers live,and the white building is the place where the spare parts_____.A.are producingB.are producedC.producedD.being produced正确答案：B51.（单选题）They got there an hour______than the others.B.much earlyC.more earlyD.earlier正确答案：D52.（单选题）_______you know,David has been well lately.A.whichB.AsC.WhatD.When正确答案：B53.（单选题）The harder you study,______you will learn.A.muchB.manyC.the moreD.much more正确答案：C54.（单选题）Sunday is the day______people usually Don’t go To Work.A.whenB.whichC.in whichD.that正确答案：A55.（单选题）Australia is one of the few countries _____ people drive on the left of the road.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.on which正确答案：C56.（单选题）The higher the temperature,______the liquid evaporates.A.the fasterB.the more fastC.the slowerD.the more slower正确答案：A57.（单选题）I tried to put______a telephone call to him, but his line was always busy.A.overB.intoC.awayD.through正确答案：D58.（单选题）I hadn't seen him for years, but I ______ his voice on the telephone.A.realizedB.recognizedC.discovered59.（单选题）She wonders______will happen to her private life in the future.A.thatB.itC.thisD.what正确答案：D60.（单选题）Both the kids and their parents ______ English,I think.I know it from their accent.A.isB.beenC.areD.was正确答案：C61.（单选题）What is the train ______ to Birmingham?A.feeB.tipC.fareD.cost正确答案：C62.（单选题）You shouldn't______your time like that, Bob; you have to finish your school work tonight.A.cutB.doC.killD.kick正确答案：C63.（单选题）On average, a successful lawyer has to talk to several _______ a day.A.customersB.supportersC.guestsD.clients正确答案：D64.（单选题）A police officer claimed that the young man had attempted to _______ paying his fare.A.avoidB.rejectC.refuseD.neglect正确答案：A65.（单选题）Whlie I was in the university, I learned taking a photo, _______ is very useful now for me.A.itB.whichC.that66.（单选题）_______the War of Independence the United States was an English colony.A.BeforeB.AtC.InD.Between正确答案：A67.（单选题）If she wants to stay thin, she must make a ______ in her diet.A.changeB.turnC.runD.Go正确答案：A68.（单选题）It's a good idea. But who's going to ______ the plan? I think Tom and Peter will.A.carry outB.get throughC.take inD.set aside正确答案：A69.（单选题）The computer system_______suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet .A.broke downB.broke outC.broke upD.broke in正确答案：A70.（单选题）It's bad______for you to smoke in the public places where smoking is not allowed.A.behaviorB.actionC.mannerD.Movement正确答案：A71.（单选题）Will you______me a favor , please ?A.doB.makeC.bringD.give正确答案：A72.（单选题）_______her and then try to copy what she does.A.MindB.SeeC.Stare atD.Watch正确答案：D73.（单选题）The manager will not______us to use his car.A.haveB.letC.agreeD.allow正确答案：D74.（单选题）I have been looking forward to ____ from my parents.A.hearB.being heardC.be heardD.Hearing正确答案：D75.（单选题）Would you let______to the park with my classmate, Mum?A.me goB.me goingC.I goD.I going正确答案：A76.（单选题）You had better______a doctor as soon as possible.A.seeingB.sawC.seeD.seen正确答案：C77.（单选题）_______these honors he received a sum of money.A.ExceptB.ButC.BesidesD.Outside正确答案：C78.（单选题）A pair of spectacles_______what I need at the moment.A.isB.areC.hasD.have正确答案：A79.（单选题）I didn't know what to do,but then an idea suddenly______to me.A.appearedB.happenedC.occurredD.emerged正确答案：C80.（单选题）I am not used to speaking_______public.B.atC.onD.To正确答案：A81.（单选题）He______lives in the house where he was born.A.alreadyB.yetC.stillD.ever正确答案：C82.（单选题）We came finally_______the conclusion that she has been telling lies all the time.A.ofB.intoC.toD.at正确答案：C83.（单选题）I won't make the_______mistake next time.A.likeB.sameC.nearD.similar正确答案：B84.（单选题）He______driving me home,even though I told him lived nearby.A.insisted onB.insisted atC.insisted thatD.insisted in正确答案：A85.（单选题）_______is your girl friend like? She is very kind and good-looking.A.HowB.WhatC.whichD.Who正确答案：B86.（单选题）I don't know ________ to deal with such matter.A.whatB.howC.whichD./正确答案：B87.（单选题）Write to me when you get home. OK,I________.A.mustB.shouldC.will正确答案：C88.（单选题）Tom is so talkative.I'm sure you'll soon get tired_______him.A.ofB.withC.atD.on正确答案：A89.（单选题）His salary as a driver is much higher than________.A.a porterB.is a porterC.as a porterD.that of a porter正确答案：D90.（单选题）Measles_________a long time to get over.A.spendB.spendsC.takeD.takes正确答案：D91.（单选题）Jane's dress is similar in design________her sister's.A.likeB.withC.toD.As正确答案：C92.（单选题）Neither John________his father was able to wake up early enough to catch the morning train.A.norB.orC.butD.And正确答案：A93.（单选题）Eggs,though rich in nourshments,have_______of fat.A.a large number ofB.the large numberC.a large amountD.the large amount正确答案：C94.（单选题）The young lady coming over to us________our English teacher;the way she walks tells us that!A.must beB.can beC.would beD.could us正确答案：A95.（单选题）Mike is better than Peter_______swimming.A.forB.atC.onD.in正确答案：B96.（单选题）I don't know the park,but it's________to be quite beautiful.A.saidB.oldC.spokenD.talked正确答案：A97.（单选题）Did you notice the guy________head looked like a big potato?A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.whom正确答案：C98.（单选题）When Lily came home at 5 p.m.yesterday,her mother________dinner in the kitchen.A.cookedB.was cookingC.cooksD.has cooked正确答案：B99.（单选题）He asked the waiter________the bill.A.onB.ofC.forD.After正确答案：C100.（单选题）She is not only my classmate_________also my good friend.A.orB.butC.andD.too正确答案：B101.（单选题）There_________a book and some magazines on the desk.A.isB.areC.haveD.has正确答案：A102.（单选题）Do you want to wait? five days_________too long for me to wait.A.wasB.wereC.isD.are正确答案：C103.（单选题）If you don't want to get wet,you had better_________this umbrella with you.A.takeB.to takeC.takenD.for taking正确答案：A104.（单选题）Neither Bill nor his parents _________ at home.A.isB.hasC.areD.was正确答案：C。
英语语法规则总结及练习题
英语语法规则总结及练习题一. 名词（Noun）名词是表示人、事物、地方、抽象概念等的名称。
以下是一些常见的名词规则和用法：1. 单数名词和复数名词的形式变化：- 一般情况下，名词的复数形式加上“s”，如：book → books。
- 以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，将“y”改为“ies”，如：baby → babies。
- 以“s”、“sh”、“ch”、“x”或“o”结尾的名词，加上“es”，如：bus → buses，box → boxes。
- 部分名词的复数形式特殊，需要记忆，如：child → children，woman → women。
2. 可数名词和不可数名词：- 可数名词可以计数，有复数形式，如：book，books。
- 不可数名词不能计数，没有复数形式，如：water，money。
3. 名词所有格：- 一般情况下，名词所有格在名词后面加上“'s”，如：Tom's book。
- 对于以“s”结尾的复数名词，只需在名词末尾加上“'”，如：the students' books。
二. 动词（Verb）动词是表示动作、现象或状态的词语。
以下是一些常见的动词规则和用法：1. 动词的时态和语态：- 一般现在时（Simple Present Tense）：表示经常性的行为或客观事实，如：He likes apples.- 一般过去时（Simple Past Tense）：表示过去发生的动作或状态，如：She ate an apple.- 现在进行时（Present Continuous Tense）：表示现在正在进行的动作，如：They are playing soccer.- 过去进行时（Past Continuous Tense）：表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，如：I was studying at 8 pm yesterday.- 现在完成时（Present Perfect Tense）：表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，如：I have finished my homework.- 过去完成时（Past Perfect Tense）：表示过去某一时间点之前已经发生的动作，如：She had already left when I arrived.2. 动词的形态变化：- 一般情况下，动词的现在分词形式（动名词）在动词末尾加上“ing”，如：play → playing。
历年自考英语语法试题及答案(整理校对到年)
2007年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语语法试卷第一部分选择题（共21分）一、单项选择题（本大题共21小题，每小题1分，共21分）在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其选出并将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。
未涂、错涂或多涂均无分。
1．The general sent out word that no one in the bunker ________ to bed until further orders.A．will go B．would go C．was about to go D．was to go2．He ________ violin when I want to sleep.A．always plays B．play always C．is always playing D．always is playing 3．James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he ________ until yesterday.A．will come B．was coming C．had been coming D．comes4．I only called the police when I ________ everything else.A．tried B．was trying C．had tried D．had been trying 5．Mother wished I ________ you what she ________.A．didn’t t ell; said B．didn’t tell; has said C．didn’t tell; had said D．hadn’t told; said 6．Jean Wagner’s most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it ________ in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference.A．is to be analyzed B．were analyzed C．be analyzed D．should have been analyzed 7．The teacher said that Jane ________ work harder the following semester.A．have to B．had better C．had better to D．would rather to 8．The twins had been away for such a long time that many people in the village thought they ________.A．ought to have died B．should have died C．must have died D．could have died 9．“I ________ go out today. If I do, I ________ in a storm. ” I said to mysel f when I heard the weatherman say there would be a heavy rain that day.A．had better not to; might have been caught B．had better; may be caughtC．would not; might have been caught D．had better not; may be caught10．I hope that it is possible to achieve this objective by calling on the smokers ________ good judgment and show concern for others rather than by regulation.A．to be using B．to have been using C．use D．to use 11．When ________ to tell the difference between British and American English, the linguist made a long and ________ speech.A．asked; tired B．asked; tiring C．asking; tiring D．be asked; tired 12．The money would have to be raised by ________ taxation.A．far B．farther C．farthest D．further 13．Their plane arrived ________ San Francisco this morning.A．from B．at C．to D．on14．The delegation ________ Russia will visit London this afternoon.A．in B．from C．at D．for15．Her mother can’t speak English ________ French, but is good at Japanese.A．yet B．or C．neither D．while16．He became a successful actor ________ his father never was.A．who B．whom C．that D．when17．The manager fulminated against his secretary, ________ surprised me.A．who B．whom C．that D．which18．He graduated from college ________ his parents divorced.A．which B．before C．while D．that19．She sat ________ the table in the restaurant.A．in B．with C．from D．at 20．Young ________ he was, he managed to make a living on his own.A．although B．since C．though D．thus21．________ you had been here, we wouldn’t have had so much trouble then.A．when B．if C．as D．since第二部分非选择题（共79分）二、多项选择填充题（本大题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分）Fill in each of the blanks with one of the items given.22．is, are, was, were, itself, himself, themselvesThe trade union ________ believed to regard ________ as an organization where the molested could seek advice and help.23．is, are, was, were, will be, are going to be, have, has, hadThe beautiful ________ something that the innocent ________ not always able to appreciate fully. 24．preferred, prefers, is, are, was, were, will be, shall beDuring the holiday week, one-third of the students in our class ________ prepared to stay on campus for study while around ten percent of them ________ some more sleep at home.25．is, are, has, have, havingThe average British family, which ________ smaller and richer than 50 years ago, ________ 3. 6 members. 26．were, was, had, propaganda, propagandasLarge amounts of money ________ spent on ________.27．than, as, more, most, theThe ________ information that comes in, ________ more confused the picture becomes.28．than, as, more, so, lessI’m not going out with a man who’s twic e ________ old ________ me.29．analysis, criteria, diabetes, gentry, pants, physicsa. Singular only: ________________________________________b. Plural only: __________________________________________三、填空题（本大题共16小题，每小题1分，共16分）Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word or phrase.30．Nobody in the class agrees with you, ________________?31．Everyone is excited by the news, ________________?32．Let’s not take John with us on our family outing this time, ________________?33．John hardly speaks to anybody in the class, ________________?34．She’s lost almost ________________ friend she had.35．He lost ________________ parents when he was a child.36．The noise of the party stopped me getting ________________ sleep.37．When you were in London, did you visit ________________ Tower, too?38．He said that he ____ （feed）up with college instructors who tried to teach him to use the “scientific method”. 39．It is surprising that this innocent-looking girl ________________ （commit）such a crime.40．I appreciate ________ （give）the opportunity to study abroad three years ago.41．I think his failure in the experiment resulted ________ his carelessness.42．This car is very expensive. You have to pay half a million dollars ________ it.43．With an appropriate conjunctiveLast month I bought a watch. It is cheap, ________ it goes quite well.44．With an appropriate relative pronounMy brother speaks English fluently, ________ I don’t.45．He can not choose his own job, ________ can I.四、改错题（本大题共11小题，每小题1分，共11分）Correct one error in each of the following sentences.46．I think you should go for school earlier today.47．She said she was afraid at her father.48．-“Which newspaper would you like? ”-“It doesn’t matter. Every one. ”49．I spent the all of the summer at home.50．The girl often heard to sing the same song at the same time in her room.51．Being not helped by anybody, he is not likely to succeed.52．Should we always follow the advice of our olders?53．He stood there, his eyes closed and his hands in the pockets, looking half asleep.54．I met another boyfriend of Lucy yesterday.55．The project on that we have been working for five weeks is a great success.56．Which she does is often at variance with what she says.五、改句（本大题共13小题，每小题2分，共26分）Rewrite the following sentences as required.57．Turning the following imperative into a tag questionDon’t let the children eat a lot of sweets and ice creams.58．Using a relative pronounI am going to the airport to meet Mr Johnson.He is a close friend of mine.59．Using a relative pronounShe is a lawyer. I know her.60．Using an adjunctMary decided to stay in her London apartment.She was growing sick of city Life.61．Using the passive voiceCouldn’t we ask someone to take on the job privately witho ut anyone knowing?62．Using a modal verbAm I not right in supposing this is the one you want?63．Using a nonfinite verb formAt a very early stage, Paderewski revealed that he was a master of the keyboard.64．Using an adjunctHis child had gone to school. He could concentrate on his research work.65．Using extrapositionTo see all the high school kids standing on one foot outside school property and puffing away furtively and defiantly on their cigarettes makes a disappointing view.66．Using frontingHe plunged into the tumultuous water in order to save the girls.67．Rewriting B’s answer by using a cohesive deviceA: Is John trying to enter Harvard Law School?B: No, I don’t think John is trying to enter Harvard Law School. He hat es lawyers.68．Rewriting the second sentence by using a cohesive deviceMy wife and I take a walk after supper this evening. In fact, we take a walk every evening.69．Rewriting the second clause by using a cohesive deviceThe limited seats should be given to old people and the younger people are advised to stand for a while.六、名词解释（本大题共3小题，每小题2分，共6分）Define the following terms with examples.70．Participles71．What is “fronting”?72．Define “ellipsis”七、简答题（本大题共2小题，每小题2分，共4分）Answer the following questions.73．List at least 4 means of expressing future time.74．What’s the difference between a simple verb phrase and a complex verb phrase?2007年4月高教自考英语语法试卷参考答案一、单项选择题：（本大题共21小题，每小题1分，共21分）1.D2.C3.B4.C5.D6.C7.B8.C9.D 10.D 11.B 12.D 13.B 14.B 15.B 16.C 17.D18.B 19.D 20.C 21.B二、多项选择题：（本大题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分，多选、少选、错选均无分）22. was , itself23. is, are24.were, preferred25. is, has26. were; propaganda27. more; the28.as, as29.a . physics, diabetes, analysis b. pants, gentry, criteria三、填空题：（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）30.do they 31. aren’t they/ isn’t he 32. shall we 33. does he 34. every 35.both/ his 36. any/ some 37. the 38.was fed 39. should have committed 40. having been given 41.from 42. for43. but/ yet 44. which 45. neither/ nor四、改错题：（本大题共8小题，每小题1分，共8分）46. go to 47. was afraid of 48. Any/ Eitherone49. 改：the whole of the summer// all summer50. 改：was often heard51. 改：Not being helped52. 改：our elders53. 改：his hands54. 改：Lucy’s55. 改：on which56. 改：What she五、改写句子题：（本大题共13小题，每小题2分，共26分）57. Don’t let the children eat a lot of sweets and ice creams, will you?58. I am going to the airport to meet Mr Johnson who is a close friend of mine.59. She is a lawyer who/that/whom I know60. Mary decided to stay in her London apartment though she was growing sick of city Life.61. Couldn’t anyone be asked to take on the job privately without anyone knowing?62. Will this be the one you want?63. At a very early stage, Paderewski revealed himself to be a master of the keyboard.64. As his child had gone to school, he could concentrate on his research work.65. It makes a disappointing view to see all the high school kids standing on one foot outside school property and puffing away furtively and defiantly on their cigarettes66. Into the tumultuous water, he plunged in order to save the girls.67. A: Is John trying to enter Harvard Law School?B: No, I don’t think he is trying to enter Harvard Law School, for he hates lawyers.68. My wife and I take a walk after supper this evening. In fact, we do it every evening.69. The limited seats should be given to old people and the younger ones are advised to stand for a while.六、名词解释题：（本大题共2小题，每小题2分，共4分）70. Participles belong to non-finite verb. There are 2 kinds of them: -ing Participles and –ed Participles.71.Fronting: remove an item from its unmarked postsubject position to the marked presubject position.As fronting moves an item into initial position which shouldn’t be there , and it disturbs the expected information flow and brings about unusualness./ It shift an item from the final position to the front. And it achieves the effect of parallelism and contrast.72. Ellipsis : a kind of coherent devices leaves out the redundant/wordy part and do not provide a substitute.七、简答题：（本大题共3小题，每小题2分，共6分）73. future expressions:1.will/ shall:2.Be going to3.be doing: plan4.simple present:5.will be doing:6.be about to do:7.be to do:74. The simple verb phrase: a verb phrase goes without* auxiliaries (main verb & modifier + main verb) Eg: Helikes music. Or : I often visited the park.The complex verb phrase: a verb phrase goes with* auxiliaries.Eg: I have finished the book. Or: We will go there.全国自考2008年7月英语语法试题课程代码：00831一、单项选择题（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）Choose the best answer from the choices given and put a letter A,B,C or D in the bracket. 1．I wish I _______ to repair the bike. I only made it worse.（）A．did not try B．wouldn’t tryC．had not rtied D．wouldn’t have tried2. She earns a good salary, so the _______ be deep in debt.（）A．can’t B．mustn’tC．may not D．needn’t3. Larry is _______ liberal-minded of the two executives.（）A．the more B．moreC．the most D．most4. John is eighteen and his brother is two years _______.（）A．elder B．olderC．young D．youngest5. She bought a house _______ her parents.（）A．at B．toC．in D．for6. We had to sleep in our wet clothes, _______ was most uncomfortable.（）A．it B．whichC．and D．that7. She cooks _______ that reminds me of her mother.（）A．on the way B．by the wayC．the way D．in a way8. Pride and Prejudice _______ never failed to characterize the aristocracy.（）A．had B．hasC．have D．are9. A: Can I have these apples, Mum?（）B: You just had a big _______.A．thing B．itC．one D．two10. The last time I _______ her, she _______ at a medical college.（）A．was visiting; studied B．visited; studiesC．visited; was studying D．was visiting; was studying11. The numerical evaluation of an intelligence test _________ by a small subsection of that society which _______ to foist itself on the rest of us as an arbiter of such matter.（）A．has been determined; has been managed B．is determined; is managedC．has determined; is managed D．is determined; has managed12. She _______ it, because she was not on the spot then.（）A．shouldn’t have done B．wouldn’t have doneC．mustn’t have done D．couldn’t have done13. why not _______ to her?（）A．proposingB．proposedC．propose D．did propose14. There exists negligence in the use of land. _______, it may not be ruined.（）A．When giving proper care B．Unless giving proper careC．Given proper care D．Been given proper care15. This school has offered _______ you want.（）A．math books as many as B．as many math books asC．as many as math books D．many as math books16. In 1980 he caught a serious illness _______ effect he still suffers.（）A．which B．from whoseC．whose D．from which17. Both players, _______ reached the final, played well.（）A．neither of whom B．neitherC．both of them not D．neither of them18. _______, I don’t like his work at all.（）A．As I admire him very much B．Admire him much as I doC．Very much as I admire him D．Much as I admire him19. The old _______ usually self-conceited as age sometimes does tell.（）A．is B．will beC．are to be D．are20. It is sad experience to see all the high school kids _______ there like fools.（）A．to stand B．standingC．having stood D．stood二、选择填空题（本大题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分）Fill in each of the blanks with one of the items given.21.was completed is completed, is equipped, was equippedThe hotel, which ________ only last year, ________with a solarium and sauna.22.be, is was, are, were, will be, shall beA. Twenty years ________ very long but not long enough to change a Roman nose into a pug.B. Three-fourths of the surface of the earth ________ sea.23.that, which, it, where, who, whomThe air then passes to a compressor, ________ it is compressed, and from ________it is delivered to the combustion chambers.24.be, is, was, are, were, will be, shall be, has, have, hadA. He demanded that the dinner ________ paid in US dollars.B. He hopes his dream ________ realized after his graduation from college.25.an, the, these, is, areThe Japanese ________ ________industrious people.26.has, have, itself, themselves, themThe committee ________ been arguing among ________all morning.27.no, not a, neither, nor, noneA. They proposed several solutions, but ________ seemed to be very satisfactory.B. “Can you come on Monday or Tuesday?”“I’m afraid ________ day is possible.”28.police, acoustics, nucleus, pajamas, measles, cattleA. Singular only: ________B. Plural only: ________三、填空题（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word or phrase.A. Fill in the blank with an assertive, non-assertive or negative word:29.If you’re ________ in Shanghai, do give me a ring.30.Surely ________ knows where the documents are.B. Fill in the blank with a proper form of the word or phrase in the bracket:31.Since I broke my leg, I ________ (depend) on my niece to see to the daily housework.32.She ________ (entitle to)a compensation for her damaged car.33.I guarantee ________ (offer)free repair service within the first three years of your purchase.34.I suppose the re’s not much point ________(argue)any further.35.The more you eat chocolate, ________ (fat)you become.36.How long have you been working in your present position?I ________ (work)there for two years by the coming March.37.Our only request is that this ________ (settle)as soon as possible.38.I’d rather you ________ (not poke)your nose into her affair. Leave her alone.C. Fill in the blank with a determiner:39.John and I have ________ same hobby.40.Lying by the side of the road we saw ________ wheels of a car.D. Fill in the blank with the given adjectives in correct order:41.Copenhagen has a ________ restaurant life with more than 2000 restaurants.(international, bustling)E. Fill in the blank with a proper preposition:42.The duke gave the teapot ________ my aunt.43.His sister has a good ear ________ music.F. Fill in the blank with a proper link verb:44.What I think, say and do ________ none of your business.G. Fill in the blank with a helping verb:45.All ________ satisfied with the hotel accommodations.H. Fill in the blank with a relative pronoun:46.They talked a long time about their university days, after ________ they had a good meal.I. Fill in the blank with a pronoun:47. ________tries to steal our company cars all the time.48.Please bring as ________ food as you can. The more, the better.四、改错题（本大题共8小题，每小题1分，共8分）Correct one error in each of the following sentences.49.Her husband, that offered us much help when we were in difficulty, is a kind gentleman.50.Help must be given when is necessary.51.A friend of me wanted to see you yesterday.52.We spent the all day sunbathing.53.We had a nice time at John and Susan last night.54.I spoke to either the director and his secretary.55.He has not paid his debts yet and, however, he has no intention of paying.56.The past progressive is chiefly used for past actions which continued for some time but which exact limits are not known.五、改句（本大题共13小题，每小题2分，共26分）Rewrite the following sentences as required.A．Turning the following imperative into the tag question form:57.Put down all your things on the table.B. Using passive voice:58.The sad story needn’t have caused him so much distress.C. Using modal auxiliary:59.I was sure that nobody had noticed his absence.D. Using nonfinite verb form:60.I can’t imagine that he would ever agree to such a proposition.E. Writing a counter-factual conditional based on the given fact:61.He is rather fat. He doesn’t take any exercise.F. Using inversion:62.The plane roared over and the bombs came down, which killed almost all the people in the village.G. Using a cleft sentence to highlight the place adjunct:63. Jack hit Tom at the party.H. Using whatever cohesive device is appropriate:64. Keep the big apples in the basket and eat the small apples first.65. Although I do not have the guts to swim in the ocean this time. I promise I will swim in the ocean next time.66.A: Tiss went to India this winter.B: Yes, I know that he went to India this winter.I. Combining sentences:67.On his way home Jack came across a boy. The boy was very bright and honest.68. Mr. Bush had an immense fortune. In spite of that he was a most unhappy man.69. You sent me a Christmas card. Thank you so much.六、名词解释（本大题共3小题，每小题2分，共6分）Define the following terms with examples.70. putative should71.dangling participle72.concord七、简答题（本大题共2小题，每小题2分，共4分）Answer the following questions.73.What is“complete inversion”?74.List two situations in which the simple present is used to refer to the past.答案：一、单项选择1，c 2,a 3,a 4,b 5,d 6,b 7,d 8,b 9,c 10,c 11,d 12, d 13,c 14,c 15,b 16,d17,a 18,d 19,d 20b二、选择填空21，was completed；is equipped22， is 23，where；which 24， be；will be 25，are an；26，have； themselves 27，none；neither 28，acoustics, pajamas, measles；police, nucleus, cattle三、填空题29，still 30，no one 31，have depended 32，is entitled to 33，to offer 34 ，arguing 35， the fatter36，will have worked 37，be settled 38，did not poke 39， the 40， bustling international 41，bustling international 42，to 43，for 44， is 45，are 46，which 47，Someone 48， much四、改错题49.Her husband, that [who] offered us much help when we were in difficulty, is a kind gentleman.50.Help must be given when [it] is necessary.51.A friend of me [mine] wanted to see you yesterday.52.We spent the all [whole] day sunbathing.53.We had a nice time at [with] John and Susan last night.54.I spoke to either [both] the director and his secretary.55.He has not paid his debts yet and, however [moreover] , he has no intention of paying.56.The past progressive is chiefly used for past actions which continued for some time but which [whose] exact limits are not known.五、改句A.Turning the following imperative into the tag question form:57. Put down a ll your things on the table. […, will you?]B. Using passive voice:58. The sad story needn't have caused him so much distress. [not so much distree has been caused by …]C. Using modal auxiliary:59. I was sure that nobody had noticed his absence. [There must be nobody who …]D. Using nonfinite verb form:60. I can't imagine that he would ever agree to such a proposition. [… imagine him to agree…]E. Writing a counter-factual conditional based on the given fact:61. He is rather fat. He doesn't take any exercise. [If he took some exercise, he would not be so fat.]F. Using inversion:62. The plane roared over and the bombs came down, which killed almost all the people in the village.[Down came the bombs as the plane roared over, …]G. Using a cleft sentence to highlight the place adjunct:63. Jack hit Tom at the party. [ It is at the party that …]H. Using whatever cohesive device is appropriate:64. Keep the big apples in the basket and eat the small apples [ones] first.65. Although I do not have the guts to swim in the ocean this time. I promise I will swim in the ocean [doit] next time.66. A: Tiss went to India this winter.B: Yes, I know that he went to India this winter. [Yes, I know it.]I. Combining sentences:67. On his way home Jack came across a boy. The boy was very bright and honest.[On his way home Jack came across a very bright and honest boy.]68. Mr. Bush had an immense fortune. In spite of that he was a most unhappy man.[Though Mr. Bush had an immense fortune, he was a most unhappy man.]69. You sent me a Christmas card. Thank you so much.[Thank you for sending me a Christmas card.]六、名词解释70. putative should[Putative should is not very meaningful in its own right, its function is to fill in a structural slot. It is commonly found in the that-clause after an adjective or a noun denoting a feeling or an opinion.]71.dangling participle[Dangling participle is a participle whose omitted subject is not the subject of the main clause, it is usually poor grammar or sometimes absurd, though some of them are idiomaticaaly accepted.]72.concord[Concord, or agreement, can be defined as the relationship between two grammatical units such that one of them displaays a particular feature that accords with a displayed in the other七、简答题3.What is "complete inversion"?[Complete inversion refers to a clear reversal of the order of subject and predicate, rather than part of the predicate a is done by partial inversion.]74.List two situations in which the simple present is used to refer to the past.[1. newspaper headlines; 2. stage directions.]全国自考2009年4月英语语法试题及参考答案一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)Choose the best answer from the choices given and put the letters A, B, C or D in the brackets. 1.——Did you hear what she said? ( )——Well, I heard her say something, but I ______. So I don't know exactly what she said.A. would not listenB. were not listeningC. had not listenedD. shouldn't listen2. When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun ______. ( )A. shoneB. shinesC. has shoneD. was shining3. The building suddenly collapsed while it ______ down. ( )A. pulledB. had been pulledC. was being pulledD. was pulled4. Most of my saving ______ in stocks. ( )A. has been investedB. is being investedC. have investedD. have been invested5. The manager insisted that the chief engineer ______ testing the new model immediately. （）A. startB. startsC. startedD. will start6. Great as Newton was, many of his principles ______ and modified by contemporary scientists today. ( )A. are to challengeB. may be challengedC. are challengingD. have been challenged7. Mary ______ have been invited to the party, but she wasn't.A. mustB. shouldC. canD. would8. Mr. Smith isn't here yet. I think he ______ about the meeting.A. should have forgotB. ought to forgetC. must have forgotD. may not forget9. , It was very kind of you to do the washing-up, but you really ______ it.A. needn't doB. shouldn't have doneC. didn't have to doD. mustn't have done10. I couldn't help ______ when I saw that. ( )A. laughB. laughedC. laughingD. to laugh11. I saw lying on his doormat a letter ______ to him from the U.S.A. ( )A. addressingB. addressedC. to addressD. being addressed12. The key ______ the puzzle will be given in tomorrow's paper. ( )A. ofB. forC. toD. about13. The surgeon was expected to finish the operation ______ noon. ( )A. inB. beforeC. tillD. on14. What was it ______ caused the forest fire? ( )A. whoB. thatC. thisD. whom15. This is the school ______ I studied for six years. ( )A. whichB. whereC. whenD. whom16. His sister, ______ you met at the airport yesterday, is a famous basketball player. ( )A. thatB. whoC. whichD. when17. She would stay with her parents ______ .( )A. for a couple of days once a month after she got marriedB. once a month for a couple of days after she got marriedC. after she got married for a couple of days once a monthD. once a month after she got married for a couple of days18. All the applicants will be assessed ______ an interview.( )A. by means ofB. through the way ofC. by the way ofD. by the method of19. ______ my bank lent me the money, I would have bought a new house.( )A. HadB. IfC. BeD. Would20. ______ guilty, I'd rather be tried in Florida.( )A. WhenB. AsC. SinceD. If二、选择填空题(本大题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分)Fill in each of the blanks with one of the items given.members.45. The treatment, which is being tried by doctors at these hospitals, has proved to be effective for patients.46. Mrs Taylor, who came on holiday with us, is now in Shanghai.E. Fill in the blank with the proper form of the adjective given:47. Of the two sisters, which is the older (old)?F. Fill in the blank with the adjectives in brackets in correct order:48. She had a beautiful red real silk skirt. (beautiful, real, red, silk)四、改错题(本大题共8小题，每小题1分，共8分)Correct one error in each of the following sentences.49. Don't use your plate as ashtray. →…as an ashtray.50. Julie spent the all of the summer at home. →Julie spent the whole summer…51. Whole London was talking about her affairs. →The whole London…52. Both of children have gone to bed. →Both children…53. Have you heard this new idea of the boss? →Have you heard of…54. She's got a parrot on the shoulder. →…on her shoulder.55. —"Can you come on Monday or Tuesday?"—"I'm afraid either day is possible." →"I'm afraid neither day is possible."56. She got married at St. Joseph. →…in St. Joseph.五、改句(本大题共13小题，每小题2分，共26分)Rewrite the following sentences as required.A. Turning the following imperative into the YES-NO question form:57. Bring me some paper please.→Would you please bring me some paper?B. Using a modal auxiliary:58. It is not even barely possible that he made that mistake.→He could not have made that mistake.C. Using the nonfinite verb form:59. When the reports arrived, we began to assess them.→Reports having arrived, …D. Using extraposition:60. To see all the high school kids standing on one foot outside school property and puffing away furtively and defiantly on their cigarettes breaks my heart.→It breaks my heart to see …E. Using passive voice:61. All the students who are applying for the government loan must observe this rule.→This rule must be obser ved by all the students…F. Combining the two sentences by using subjunctive mood:62. She has little knowledge about the country. But she talked in a way that made people believe the country. →She talked as if she had much knowledge about the country.G. Combining the two sentences by using a conjunct:63. He tried many companies. They all rejected his application.→… but …64. It rained heavily last night. All the flowers are gone.→… and…H. Combining the two sentences by using a relative clause:65. Philip bought an English-Chinese dictionary last week. He found it very useful.。
英语二历年习题按语法总结_汉译英重要句型_教材课文中的重点句
A. must have drunk B. must drink C. should drink D. had to drink
2. _____D_____ home， she found that she had left the key at the office.
A. To have arrived B. To arrive C. While arriving D. Arriving
10.Would‘t you rather your child _____A_____ successful with his study and won the scholarship？
A. became B. become C. would become D. becomes
36.The second half of the nineteenth century __________ （witness） the first extended translation into English of the writings of Eliphas Levi.
37. Once harm __________ （do） to the environment， it takes years to have the system recovered.
27. Let‘s hurry up. She _____ （must， wait） for us.
28. Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what _____ （happen） to her.
29. Many a writer of newspaper articles __________ （turn） to writing novels during the past decade.
2023年历年专四语法真题总结附答案
专四语法真题集I.独立主格构造1. Agriculture is the country’s chief source of wealth, wheat ______ by far the biggest cereal crop.a. isb. beenc. bed. being TEM-42. Time ______, the celebration will be held as scheduled.a. permitb. permittingc. permittedd. permits TEM-43. There ____ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier.a. to beb. to have beenc. beingd. be4. _____ no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his bedroom.a. There wasb. Sincec. Beingd. There being 19965. The country’s chief exports are coal, cars and cotton goods, cars ______the most important of these.a. have beenb. arec. beingd. are being 1994Answers: d b c d cII. 定语从句1. Above the trees are the hills, _______ magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface.a. whereb. of whosec. whosed. which2. They overcame all the difficulties and completed the project two months ahead of time, _____is something we had not expected.a. whichb. itc. thatd. what3. He is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is not the man _______ he was twenty years ago.a. whichb. thatc. whod. whom4. We’ve just installed two air-conditioners in our apartment, ______should make greatdifferences in our life next summer.a. whichb. whatc. thatd. they5. Have you ever been in a situation _____ you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him?a. by whichb. thatc. in whered. where6. Firms that use computers have found that the number of staff _______is needed for quality control can be substantially reduced.a. whoseb. asc. whatd. that7. I’ve never been to Lhasa, but that’s the city _______.a. I’d most like to visitb. which I like to visit mostlyc. where I like to visitd. I’d like much to visit 19998. She remembered several occasions in the past ____she had experienced a similar feeling.a. whichb. beforec. thatd. when 19989. The physicist has made a discovery, _____of great importance to the progress of science and technology.a. I think which isb. that I think isc. which I think isd. I think that is 199710. I have never been to London, but that is the city_______.a. where I like to visit mostb. I’d most like to visitc. which I like to visit mostlyd. where I’d like most to visit 199711. This company has now introduced a policy _____pay rises are related to performance at work.a. whichb. wherec. whetherd. what 199612. Only take these clothes ______really necessary.a. as wereb. as they arec. as they wered. as are 199413. _____ is often the case with a new idea, much preliminary activity and optimistic discussion produced no concrete proposals.a. Thatb. Itc. Thisd. As 1994Answers:1-5: c a b a d 6-10: d a c c b 11-13: b b dIII. 状语从句让步状语从句1. _______I like economics I like sociology much better.a. As much asb. So muchc. How muchd. Much as2. Fool _______Jane is, she could not have done such a thing.a. whob. asc. thatd. like3. ______I sympathize, I can’t really do very much to help them out of the difficulties.a. as long asb. asc. whiled. even4. _____he needed money for a new car, he decided not to borrow it from the bank.a. Much asb. Much thoughc. As muchd. Though much 19985. _____, he is ready to accept suggestions form different sources.a. Instead of his notable contributionsb. For all his notable contributionsc. His making notable contributionsd. However his notable contributions 1997 Answers:1-5: d b c a b成果状语从句1. -----Does Alan like limburgers?-----Yes. So much ______ that he eats thema. forb. asc. tod. so2. The brilliance of his satires was _____make even his victims laugh.a. so as tob. such as toc. so thatd. such that 1996 Answers: d b方式状语从句1. She did her work _____her manager had instructed.a. asb. untilc. whend. thoughAnswers: a原因状语从句1. Mr. White works with a chemicals import and export company, but he _____for this industrial fair, since he is on leave.a. has workedb. worksc. has been workingd. is working 1998 Answers: d (此题选项重要是时态方面旳，但能否做出对旳选择取决于对since从句旳判断) 条件状语从句1. You won’t get a loan ______ you can offer some security.a. lestb. in casec. unlessd. other than 19962. _____ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player.a. Havingb. Givenc. Givingd. Had 19963. ___ _ I was very much mistaken, there was something wrong with Louise.a. Unlessb. Asc. Thoughd. Since 1995Answers:1-5: c b a (本人认为c 也可以，只是语义较勉强而已，if you are mistaken, you are wrong about something that you thought you knew or saw, )比较状语从句1. The experiment requires more money than _______.a. have been put inb. being put inc. has been put ind. to be put in2. There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of mountain climbing than ____ in the public mind today.a. existsb. existc. existingd. to exist 19993. he indoor swimming pool seems to be a great deal more luxurious than ______.a. is necessaryb. being necessaryc. to be necessaryd. it is necessary 1998 Answers: 1-3：c a c (提醒：than = than what; 记住：than 后跟旳是比较状语从句) IV．名词性从句同位语从句1. There is no doubt ______the company has made the right decision on the sales project.a. whyb. thatc. whetherd. whenAnswer: b表语从句1. Intellect is to the mind _______sight is to the body.a. whatb. asc. thatd. like2. He is _____as a “bellyacher”— he’s always complaining about something.a. who is knownb. whom is knownc. what is knownd. which is known 1999 Answer: a c宾语从句1. Who _______was coming to see me in my office this afternoon?a. you saidb. did you sayc. did you say thatd. you did say2. After ____ seemed an endless wait, it was her turn to enter the personnel manager’s office.a. thatb. therec. whatd. it 19993. The team can handle whatever______.a. that needs handlingb. which needs handlingc. it needs handlingd. needs to be handled 19974. We can assign the task to ______ is capable and trustworthy.a. whomeverb. whoc. whomd. whoever 1994Answers:1-5: b c d dIV. 比较级和最高级1. Fat cannot change into muscle ______muscle changes into fat.a. any more thanb. no more thanc. no less thand. much more than 19992. It is not so much the language ______the cultural background that makes the book difficult to understand.a. butb. norc. asd. like 19993. John is______ hardworking than his sister, but he failed in the exam.a. no lessb. no morec. not lessd. no so 19984. Language belongs to each member of the society, to the cleaner_____ to the professor.a. as far asb. the same asc. as much asd. as long as 19985. Western Nebraska generally receives less snow than _____Eastern Nebraska.a. inb. it receives inc. doesd. it does in 19966. ______ the two, Bob is ______student.a. Of, more diligentb. In, more diligentc. Of, the more diligentd. In, much more diligent 19957. She has taken great pains to conceal her emotions, and thereby made them ______conspicuous.a. all the moreb. all the muchc. all mored. all much 1994Answers:1-5: a c a c c(倒装) 6-7: c aV. 虚拟语气1. The opening ceremony is a great occasion. It is essential _____for that.a. for us to be preparedb. that we are preparedc. of us to be preparedd. our being prepared2. _____for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam.a. Had it not beenb. Hadn’t it beenc. Was it notd. Were it not3. “What courses are you going to do next semester?”“I don’t know. But it’s about time ______on something.”a. I’d decideb. I decidedc. I decided. I’m deciding4. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there ______quite such a crowd of people there.a. weren’tb. hasn’t beenc. hadn’t beend. wouldn’t be5. If you have really been studying English for so long, it’s about time you _____able to write letters in English.a. should beb. werec. must bed. are 19996. If your car _____any attention during the first 12 months, take it to an authorized dealer.a. shall needb. should needc. would needd. will need 19987. He left orders that nothing ______touched until the police arrived here.a. should beb. ought to bec. must bed. would be 19988. I was to have made a speech if______.a. I was not called awayb. nobody would have called me awayc. I had not been called awayd. nobody called me away 19979. I _____ the party much more if there hadn’t been quite such a crowd of people there.a. would enjoyb. will have enjoyedc. would have enjoyedd. will be enjoying 199610. We could _____him with a detached house when he came, but he had specifically asked fora small flat.a. provideb. have providedc. not provided. not have provided 199511. _____, he would not have recovered so quickly.a. Hadn’t he been taken good care ofb. Had he not been taken good care ofc. Had not he been taken good care ofd. Had he been not taken good care of 199512. _____ your timely advice, I would never have known how to go about the work.a. Unlessb. But forc. Except ford. Not for 199413. It was recommended that passengers _____smoke during the flight.a. notb. need notc. could notd. would not 199414. ______you were busy, I wouldn’t have bothered you with my questions.a. If I realizedb. Had I realizedc. I realized thatd. As I realized 1994 Answers:1-5: a a b c b 6-10: b a c c b 11-15: b b a bVI. 反意疑问句1. She would have been more agreeable if she had changed a little bit, ______?a. hadn’t sheb. hasn’t shec. wouldn’t shed. didn’t she2. Do help yourself to some fruit, ______you?a. can’tb. don’tc. wouldn’td. won’t3. When you have finished with that video tape, don’t forget to put it in my drawer, ____?a. do youb. will youc. don’t youd. won’t you 19984. You and I could hardly understand, ______?a. could Ib. couldn’t youc. couldn’t wed. could we 1995 Answers:1-5: c d b dVII. 一致主谓一致1. It is futile to discuss the matter further, because ____ going to agree upon anything today.a. neither you nor I areb. neither you nor me isc. neither you nor I amd. neither me nor you areAnswer: cVIII. 时态目前完毕进行1. Jack ______from home for two days now, and I am beginning to worry about his safety.a. has been missingb. has been missedc. had been missingd. was missed2. For some time now, world leaders _____out the necessity for agreement on arms reduction.a. had been pointingb. have been pointingc. were pointingd. pointedAnswer: a b目前进行1. How can I ever concentrate if you _____continually _____me with silly questions?a. have…interruptedb. had…interruptedc. are…interruptingd. were…interrupting 1997 Answers: cIX. 插入语1. Who _______was coming to see me in my office this afternoon?a. you saidb. did you sayc. did you say thatd. you did sayAnswer: b (这道题旳a 选项会让考生想到插入语；其实不是，这是对宾语从句中旳主语提问；做题技巧是把问句还原成陈说句后再来处理)X. 副词1. She managed to save _______she could out of her wages to help her brother.a. how little moneyb. so little moneyc. such little moneyd. what little money2. His strong sense of humor was _______make everyone in the room burst out laughing.a. so as tob. such as toc. so thatd. such that 19983. I felt that I was not yet _______to travel abroad.a. too strongb. strong enoughc. so strong d enough strong 1997Answers：1：d (虽然答案与副词无关，但排除前三个选项需要有关旳副词how 和so 旳使用方法知识)2: b (类似前一题)3：bⅪ. 不定式、目前分词、过去分词和动名词1. AIDS is said ______the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in the region.a. beingb. to bec. to have beend. having been2. _______is not a serious disadvantage in life.a. To be not tallb. Not to be tallc. Being not talld. Not being tall3. _______him tomorrow?a. Why not to call onb. Why don’t call onc. Why not calling ond. Why not call on4. _______at in this way, the present economic situation doesn’t seem so gloomy.a. Lookingb. Lookedc. Having lookedd. To look5. This is an illness that can result in total blindness _______left untreated.a. afterb. ifc. sinced. unless6. Professor Johnson is said _______some significant advance in his research in the past year.a. having madeb. makingc. to have maded. to make 19997. The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighboring country, ______by the police each time.a. had been capturedb. being always capturedc. only to be capturedd. unfortunately captured 19998. The Clarks haven’t decided yet which hotel_______.a. to stayb. is to stayc. to stay atd. is for staying 19989. ______, he can now only watch it on TV at home.a. Obtaining not a ticket for the matchb. Not obtaining a ticket for the matchc. Not having obtained a ticket for the matchd. Not obtained a ticket for the match 199810. _____enough time and money, the researchers would have been able to discover more in this field.a. Givingb. To givec. Givend. Being given 199811. He wasn’t asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, ______insufficiently poplar with all members.a. having consideredb. was consideredc. was being consideredd. being considered 199612. This may have preserved the elephant from being wiped out as well as other animals ____ in Africa.a. huntedb. huntingc. that huntedd. are hunted 199613. In international matches, prestige is so important that the only thing that matters is to avoid______.a. from being beatenb. being beatenc. beatingd. to be beaten 199614. He noticed the helicopter hovering over the field. Then to his astonishment, he saw a rope ladder______ out and three men climbing down it.a. throwingb. being thrownc. having thrownd. having been thrown 199515. He resented ______to wait. He expected the minister ______ him at once.a. to be asked, to seeb. being asked, to seec. to be asked, seeingd. being asked, seeing 199516. This missile is designed so that once _____nothing can be done to retrieve it.a. firedb. being firedc. they firedd. having fired 199517. Arriving at the bus stop, _____waiting there.a. a lot of people wereb. he found a lot of peoplec. a lot of peopled. people were found 199418. _____ regular training in nursing, she could hardly cope with the work at first.a. Not receivedb. Since receivingc. Having receivedd. Not having received 1994 Answers：1-5: c d d b b 6-10: c c c c c 11-15: d a b d b 16-18: a b dXII.代词1. Your ideas, _______, seem unusual to me.a. like herb. like hersc. similar to herd. similar to herself2. ______of the twins was arrested, because I saw both at a party last night.a. Noneb. Bothc. Neitherd. All3. It was as a physician that he represented himself, and_____ he was warmly received.a. as suchb. such asc. as thatd. so that 1997 Answers: b c aXIII. 平行构造1. Even as a girl, _____to be her life, and theater audiences were to be her best teachers.a. performing by Melissa wereb. it was known that Melissa’s performances werec. knowing that Melissa’s performances wered. Melissa knew that performing was Answer: dⅩⅣ. 情态动词1. You _____Jim anything about it. It was none of his business.a. needn‘t have toldb. needn’t tellc. mustn’t have toldd. mustn’t tell2. He ______unwisely, but he was at least trying to do something helpful.a. may have actedb. must have actedc. should actd. would act 19993. Much as______, I couldn’t lend him the money because I simply didn’t have that much spare cash.a. I would have liked tob. I would like to havec. I should have to liked. I should have liked to 19994. You ______Mark anything. It was none of his business.a. needn’t have toldb. needn’t tellc. mustn’t have toldd. mustn’t tell 19985. As it turned out to be a small house party, we _____so formally.a. need not have dressed upb. must not have dressed upc. did not need to dress upd. must not dress up 19966. The meeting’s been cancelled. Ann _____ all that work.a. need to dob. need havec. needn’t have doned. needed not to do 19957. “She must be in the dormitory now.”“No, she ____ be there. I saw her in the classroom a minute ago.”a. mustn’tb. can’tc. couldn’td. wouldn’t 19948. He _____ the 8:20 bus because he didn’t leave home till 8:25.a. couldn’t have caughtb. ought to have caughtc. shouldn’t have caughtd. must not have caught 1994Answer:1-5: a a a a a 6-10: c b a (must 表推测只用于肯定句中，否认用can/could not)ⅩⅤ. It 旳使用方法1. Come and see me whenever ______.a. you are convenientb. you will be convenientc. it is convenient to youd. it will be convenient to you 1997Answer: c (也可认为是对convenient 一词使用方法旳考察)ⅩⅥ. 冠词1. The idea of traveling through _____ space to other planets interests many people today.a. ab. thec. /d. one 19952. ___human problems that repeat themselves in __ life repeat themselves in ___ literature.a. /, /, theb. /, the, /c. The ,/ ,/d. The, the, the 1994 Answers: c cⅩⅦ. 省略/替代动词1. Acute hearing helps most animals sense the approach of thunderstorms long before people _____.a. dob. hearc. do themd. hearing it2. The central provinces have floods in some years, and ______.a. drought in othersb. droughts are othersc. while other droughtsd. others in drought Answer: a aⅩⅧ. 强调句型1. It was not until midnight _______the snowcapped peak.a. that they sightedb. that they did not sightc. did they sightd. had they sighted 1995 Answer: a (这道题其实也是对倒装旳考察)ⅩⅨ. 倒装1. He is not under arrest, ______any restriction on him.a. or the police have placedb. or have the police placedc. nor the police have placedd. nor have the police placed 19952. So badly ______ in the car accident that he had to stay in hospital for a few months.a. did he injureb. injured him c was he injured d. he was injured 1994 Answers: d c-真题、情态动词：53. She （）fifty or so when I first met her at a conference. ()A. had beenB. must beC. has beenD. must have been61. Aren’t you tired? I（）you had done enough for today.（）A. should have doneB. must have doneC .might have doneD .could have done52. Nancy's gone to work but her car's still there. She（）by bus. ()A. must have goneB. should have goneC. ought to have goneD. could have gone答案：DAA二、非谓语动词51. What a nice day! How about the three of us （）a walk in the park nearby? （）A. to takeB. takeC. takingD. to be taking65. "The man preparing the documents is the firm's lawyer" has all the following possible meanings EXCEPT（）（）A. the man who has prepared the documents...B. the man who has been preparing the documents...C. the man who is preparing the documents...D. the man who will prepare the documents...66.（）should not become a serious disadvantage in life and work.()A. To be not tallB. Not being tallC. Being not tallD. Not to be tall55．In phrases like freezing cold, burning hot, or soaking wet, the-ING participle is used（）（）A. as a commandB. as a conditionC. for concessionD. for emphasis答案：CDDD三、倍数55. A new laptop costs about（）of a second-hand one. ()A. the price of three timesB. three times the priceC. as much as the three times priceD. three times more than the price56. Which of the following italicized phrased is INCORRECT? （）()A. The city is now ten times its original size.B. I wish I had two times his strength.C. The seller asked for double the usual price.D. They come here four times every year.答案：BB四、虚拟语气52. If there were no subjunctive mood, English（）much easier to learn.（）A. could have beenB. would 'beC. will beD. would have been60. It is necessary that he （）the assignment without delay.（）A. hand inB. hands inC. must hand inD. has to hand in61. Its getting late. I’d rather you （）now. ()A. leftB. leaveC. are leavingD. will leave答案：DAA五、反义疑问句．57. She seldom goes to the theatre, （）? ()A. doesn't sheB. does sheC. would sheD. wouldn't sheKey: 本句中具有否认含义旳副词seldom，故反意时用肯定形式does she。
(完整版)珍贵资料--高中英语语法总结归纳--历年高考真题常考点详细归纳讲解与练习6--句子结构和成分
2.及物动词和不及物动词
实义动词后面跟宾语时，这个动词是及物动词。实义动词后面不跟宾语时，此时这个动词是不及物动词。
The dooropened.
(open后面没跟宾语，此时，open是不及物动词。)
Heopenedthe door.
(open后面有宾语the door,此时，open是及物动词。)
It’s very kind ofyouto help me.（of you to help me也是动词不定式的复合结构。与for somebody to do something的区别参看P.83考点1，you和to help me构成了逻辑上的主谓关系。）
Tom’s coming late made our teacher angry.(Tom迟到使我们老师生气。coming是动名词，Tom’s coming late是动名词的复合结构。Tom是coming late的逻辑主语，二者是逻辑上的主谓关系。)
考点2.Shespokeat the meeting this morning.（vi）
考点3.Shall Ibeginat once?（vi）
考点4.Shebeganworking as a teacher after sheleftschool.（vt）（vt）
3.实义动词、助动词与情态动词
实义动词和助动词是根据动词在句子中的含义和作用来划分的。实义动词也叫行为动词。
句子结构及成分
1相关概念
1.词性的英文缩写
在英语学习中，掌握单词词性非常重要。如果我们在记单词的时只记拼写、读音而不记词性的话，我们就不知道如何使用它们，所以我们在记单词时一定要把单词词性记准记牢。
缩写字母原词代表词性
(完整word版)全国高等学校英语应用能力考试A级历年真题语法总结,推荐文档
固定搭配The accident was my fault, so I had to pay for the damage _______ the other car.at B) to C) on D) forAlthough he did not feel well, he insisted ______ going there together with us.to B) on C) at D) forYoung _______ he is, he has proved to be an able salesman.That B) who C) as D) which4. ______ his surprise, the manager found nobody in the meeting room.A) at B) To C) For D) WithThis company has two branches: one in Paris and __ in New York.another B)one other C)the other D)otherAs a teacher, you can never be ______ patient with slow students.much B) most C) so D) tooI have a lot of trouble _______ the car.Parking B) for parking C) to park D) parkThe more plugging and weeding, ________ the crops.the better B) the most C) better D) the goodOur company ' s visitors decided to stay in our city for _____ two days as they wanted to have a look around.Other B) the other C) another D) other 'sI think that the Great Wall is worth ____ hundreds of miles to visit.to travel B) traveled C) traveling D) travelThe new staff didn ' t know how to use the system ______ I explained it to him yesterday. until B) if C) because D) sinceAllan is looking forward to ___ his American partner at the trade fair.meet B) be meeting C) meeting D) having metWhen I first arrived in Japan, I was surprised ___ the way people greeted.of B) to C) with D) atMost of the retired people are happy __ their quiet life in the countryside.to B) of C) with D) onSandy made quite a number of (apply) _______________ for a management position but failedevery time.I remember (see) _________ you somewhere before, but i can't tell the exact place.We all felt excited when china succeeded in (launch) ____________ its first manned spaceship.We regret to inform you that we no longer manufacture the product you are (interest) in.Virtually all the members were in (agree) ______ with the proposal.He used (do) ______ a lot of drinking but has given it up.Strictly (speak) _______ , she was not qualified for the job.Due to the present price level, we cannot help but (adjust) _______ our offer.The engineers spent the whole night (work) ____ on the new device.词形变化Nowadays, electronic (pay) payment is a more convenient way to pay for purchases than cash andchecks.The (grow) growth of online shopping is producing a fundamental change in consumer behavior.It is the (responsible) responsibility of the Human Resources Department to employ new staffmembers.It ' s important to realize how (quick) quickly this disease can spread over the globe.Since we work in different sections of the company, we see each other only (occasional) occasionally.Some domestic manufacturers are busy increasing production, losing the chance to develop more(advance) advanced technology.If your neighbors are too noisy, then you have a good reason to make your (complain) complaint. Yourdaughter is (luck) lucky enough to have been admitted to this large company.After an (introduce) introduction by the chairperson, we ' ll go on with the dayWe must keep the manager (inform) informed of the advertising campaign.The new university graduate is confident of (win) winning the post as the assistant to the managingdirector.Answer:1-5 BBCBC 6-10 DAACB 11-14 ABDC15 applications 16 seeing 17 launching 18interested 20 speaking 21 adjust 22working19 to dos discussion.The local economy depends (heavy) heavily on the exports of manufactured goods.He tried to solve the problem, but he (quick) quickly gave up.It is far more (interest) interesting for me to chat online with friends than to watch TV.Finally the woman found her (lose) lost child with the help of the police.The boss gave him a raise in salary because of his excellent (perform) performance at work.It ' s really (wonder) wonderful to see you here again in Beijing.Obviously, nuclear power can never be the only (solve) solution to energy crisis.Nobody at the meeting would (belief) believe that the new proposal could be carried out smoothly. The lecture was so (bore) boring that many of the students in the classroom fell asleep.Mr. Smith considered (sell) selling his car and his house before moving to Beijing.The government is trying to find a way to deal with the problem of pollution (effective) effectively.With the help of the police, the woman finally found her (lose) lost child after a sleepless night. Sandy made quite a number of (apply) applications for a management position but failed everytime.The graduates had a (cheer) cheerful farewell party before leaving the collage.Although he was (deep) deeply hurt by what she said to him, he made no reply.I 'm not sure whether we can gain any profit from the (invest) investment.The research group has submitted a report, (suggest) suggesting reforms to be made.The organization started a (nation) national campaign against cigarette smoking in public places. Application for this training course should be sent (direct) directly to the admission office.I ' veheard that the musical group will set off for Hong Kong to give a three-day (perform) performance.After the flood, life was (extreme) extremely difficult for the farmers in this area.I cannot go shopping with you because I have an (appoint) appointment with my dentist this afternoon.被动语态As he was required to submit the accounting report before 4:30 pm. the assistant hurried to Mr.Smith office.was requiredhad requiredRequiresRequiredThis hospital, which (equip) is equipped with modern facilities, is one of the best in the country. If the rent is as much as $750 a month, water, gas and electricity should (include) be included. Most of the new models displayed in the car exhibition (design)_were designed in Germany a few years age.At the meeting I made some proposals ,but no one seemed to be (interest) _interested _in them. The people injured in the accident (send) were sent to the nearest hospital for treatment last night. It is reported that the construction of the new subway (complete) will be completed next month. We (impress) were impressed by the high quality and fine workmanship of your products when we visited your factory.Having been badly damaged by the earthquake, the city has to be (rebuild) rebuilt.Employees are not allowed (make) to make personal phone calls in the office.The proposal about the annual sales (discuss) will be discussed at the next board meeting.30 percent of the students who (interview) were interviewed yesterday believe they should continue with their education they have a university degree.Passengers and their baggage must be checked in at least 45 minutes before departure for domestic flights and 60 minutesfor international flights.Passengers may be denied boarding if travel documents are not in order.When check-in requirements are not met ,a passenger may be separated from his/her bag.This would include designing and maintaining an online catalog which could be coordinated with current inventories.5,000 new books were bought for the City Library.Award miles can be used to purchase discounts, gifts and free flights.You boss is not only your leader, he is also the person best equipped to help you do the hob you are paid to do.These are also explained on the instruction card in the seat pocket in front of you. Beer, wine and other drinks are served free of charge.Coffee, tee and juice are served free of charge on all domestic flights.Please note that you are entitled to discuss this offer and to seek advice on the attached proposed agreement with your family, a union, a lawyer, or someone else you trust.It is a great honor to be appointed as Overseas Sales Manager.This will be followed by a question-and-answer period.We would be obliged if you send us detailed product information, including product specifications, colors and functions and so on as soon as you can.I must also tell you that smoking is not allowed during the tour.I want to have this computer replaced.时态2011 6 月I am very sorry to have caused you such a lot of trouble by the delayed shipment.By+ 将来的时间点将来完成时will have doneBy+过去的时间点过去完成时had do ne,since+过去的时间点，in, for+ 一段时间现在完成have done时态一致状语从句主将从现By the time you get to the office I will have prepared all the document for the meeting. 主将从现The company (be) has been in the land market since 1990 and it is now taking the lead in this field.现在完成时2010 12 月By the end of next year ， I will have worked for the company for 10 years. 将来完成时The student asked the librarian for help because he couldn 't find the book he (need) needed.2010 6 月According to the time table the train for Beijing leaves at 9:10 p.m from Monday to Friday 一般现在时The total output of this factory has been doubled since it was put in to operation in 2006.2009 12 月By the time you come to see me next month, I will have completed my term paper.In the past few years, traffic problems （become）have become more and more serious.2008 6 月They will not start the project until the board chairman comes back from South Africa.My mother （enjoy）has enjoyed better health since we came to live in this beautiful seaside city.2007 12 月In our company, great changes have taken place since the new manager came.Karl probably has seen “ StarevWeararsl tim”essfor he knows every detail of the film.Since five managers are going to give their reports, the meeting （last） will last for at least two hours.2007 6 月For years, doctors have saved millions of patients ' lives with the help of microscopes.No one can deny that we （make） have made tremendous progress in the past twenty years.2006 6 月Having heard that Bob had got promoted, his friends came to congratulate him.John not only learnt Chinese but also （know） knew the difference between his culture and ours.连词（11 年 6 月）20. _____ I had a problem, I would talk with some one online to seek help.A. As ifB. Just asC. Every timeD. So far（10 年 6 月） 18. The new drug will not be put on the market __it has proved safe on humans.A. ifB. untilC. sinceD. When（10 年 6 月）19. Students are expected to pay the loan back __they are earning enough.A. so far asB. now thatC. even ifD. as soon as（09 年12 月）18. ____ the weather improves, we will suffer a huge loss in the tourist industry.A. AsB. SinceC. WhileD. Unless（09 年12 月）24. John had never been abroad before, ______he found the business trip veryexciting.A. becauseB. thoughC. SoD. While（09 年12 月）25. ____ some students are able to find employment after graduation, others willhave to return to school and earn an advanced degree.A. SinceB. WhileC. BecauseD. If（09 年 6 月）18. The new staff didn ' t know how to use the system ____ I explained it to himyesterday.A. untilB. BecauseC. ifD. since（08 年12 月）19.They talked only for a few minutes __ they found they were of differentopinions.A .unless B. before C. while D. once（06 年 6 月）22.You can ' t get a driver licence you are at least sixteen years old.A. ifB. unlessC. whenD.though（06 年 6 月） 24. The young man lost his job last month ,but it wasn ' t long ______ he found a new position in my company.A. beforeB. whileC. asD. after定语从句：2. Would you please pass me the book ___cover is black? A which B whose C that D itsWould you please pass me the book The book '-w s hose cover is black答案：B3. The advertising company recently hired a designer _____ had once won a prize in a nationalcontest.A whoseB whichC whomD whoThe advertising company recently hired a designerThe designer-who had once won a prize in a national contest.答案：D4. It is important to provide an environment __ people are encouraged to make suggestions at all levels of the company.A from whichB on whichC in whichD for whichIt is important to provide an environmentIn the environment-which people are encouraged to make suggestions at all levels of the company.答案：C5. I tried to get out of the business __ I found impossible to carry on.A whyB whichC whatD whereI tried to get out of the businessI found the business-which impossibe to carry on答案：B6. Once more I have to leave Beijing, __ I have been living for eight years.A thatB whereC whichD asI have been living ( in Beijing) where答案：B7. It wasn ' t such a good job ______ she had read about in the advertisement.A likeB whichC asD what 答案：C34.30 percent of the students who were interviewed yesterday believe they should continue with their education until they have a university degree.非谓语动词1. The proposal __ at the meeting now is of great importance to our department.A being discussedB to be discussingC having discussedD discussing答案：A1: ___ of the burden of ice, the balloon climbed up and drifted to the South.( 非谓语动词的过去分词)A:Freeing B:To be free C:Freed D:To free2:If you do some wrong, you deserve(punish) punishment/punishing.3:There is nothing to keep us from(go)going on with our study.4:If you turn to the right at the corner,you will find a path ____ to the historical building.A:lead B:to lead C:leading D:leads5:Only after they had performed hundreds of experiment did they succeed in (solve)solving the problem.6: ______ by the failure of the project, the manager could hardly say a word.( 非谓语动词的过去分词) shockA:To be shocked B:Shocked C:Be shocked D:Shocking7:We musr keep the manager (inform)informed of the advertising campaign.8:It was in his childhood that he read most of the books (write)written by Mark Twain.9:The conference ______ in Beijing next week is bound to be a great success.A:holding B:being held C:to hold D:to be held10:The research group has submitted a report, (suggest)suggesting reforms to be made.11: ____ to find the proper job, he decided to give up job-hunting in this city.A:Failed B:Being failed C:To fail D:Having failed 12:(impress)Impressed by the young man's good qualifications,they affered him a job in their firm.13: _____ that Bob had got promoted,his friends came to congratuate hin.A:Heard B:Having heard C:Hear D:To hear 14:The children （play ）playing the violin over there will go on the stage next week.名词性从句21. Every Monday morning when I am in my samll office,I wish （ A ）in a multi-national company. （2011 年 6 月） （宾从）A.were workingC.am to work B. have workedD.work16. We investigated other companies in the market to discover （B ） they handled complaints from their customers.（ 2010年 12 月）（宾从）A.thatC.what B.howD.where 24. There is no evidence （ B ） he was on the site of the murder. （ 2010 年 6 月）（同位语从） A.where C.whichB.thatD.how 19. We are happy at the good news （A ） Mr.Black has been awarded the Best Manager.（ 2009 年 12 月）（同位语从句）A.thatC.what B.whichD.whether 20. It is important that we （C ） the task ahead of time. （2009 年 12 月）（主从 ） A.will finishC.what B.finishedD.shall finish 18. The message （C ） Mr.Black was elected chairman of the committee arrived just in time. （ 2008 年 12 月）（同位从）A.which C.thatB.what25. The market economy is quickly changing people （宾从）A.that C.whatB.which D.how 23. I don ' t doubt （C ） the stock market will recover from the economic cris （is.2007 年 12 月）（宾 从）A. ifC.that B. whatD.which25. News came from the sales manager （D ） the new product had been selling well in the local market for three months. （2007 年 12 月） （同位从 ）A. whoseC.which B. whatD.that17. The representative of the company demanded that part of the agreement （D ） revised. （2006 年 6月）（宾从）D.how 's idea on （C （2SO0Cb 年pted.月）A.willbe C.to beB.is D.be't long (C) he found a new position in my23. What young man lost his job last month, but it wasn compan. (2006 年6月) (同位从)A.which C.thatB.whether D.what形式主语、倒装句、虚拟语句、强调句1. Hardly ___ his speech when a young woman in the audience rose to make a protest.A. George finishedB. does George finishC. George had finishedD. had George finished2. Every Monday morning when I am in my small office, I wish I ___in a multi-national company.A .were working B. have worked C. am to work D. work3. If he (take) had take my advice at that time, he would have got the job he applied for.4. Not until yesterday ___anything about the new advertising campaign.A. I learnedB. have I learnedC. did I learnD. that I learned5. Tom might not have made such a serious mistake if he ___ your advice.A. followedB. followsC. had followedD. has followed6. It was because of his good performance at the interview ___ he got the job with the big company.A. soB. whatC. thatD. while7. It is reasonable for people to pursue a career in fields related ___ their favorite hobbies.A. onB. forC. atD. to8. It was reported that the(injure) ___ people were taken to the hospital immediately after the accident.9. It is important that we ___ the task ahead of time.A. will finishB. finishedC. finishD. shall finish10. Not until she arrived at the meeting room ___ she had forgotten to bring the document.A. she realizedB. did she realizeC. she did realizeD. does she realize11. _it__ is reported in the newspaper that the talks between the two companies , have not made12. It is suggested that the president of the Union (make)___ a speech on behalf of all the workers.13. Not until that day ___ the important of good manners in a job interview.A. did I realizeB. I did realizeC. I have realizedD. have I realized14. If I (be) ___ you, I would not miss the job interview tomorrow morning.15. Only when we had finished all the work ___ that it was too late to take a bus home.A. did we realizeB. will we realizeC. we did realizeD. we will realize16. The young man did not have enough money; otherwise he (buy) _would have bought__ a more expensive watch.17. It is my great honor ___ to give a speech at the opening ceremony.A. to inviteB. invitingC. having invitedD. to be invited18. Not until yesterday ___ anything about the project that will be completed soon.A. did I learnB. have I learntC. I learntD. that I learnt19. It is high time that the manager(pay)_paid__ more attention to the services for the customers.20. It is required that anyone applying for a driver' s license ___ a set of tests.A. takeB. takesC. tookD. will take 21. If he had taken his lawyer 'adsvice, he(save)_would have saved__ himself a great deal of trouble.22. The representative of the company demanded that part of the agreement___ revised.A. will beB. isC. to beD. be23. The boy passed the final exams. But if he had spent more time on them, the results(be)_would _have been_ much better.答案：any progress. A. ThatB. WhatC. ItD. As1. A6. C2. A 7. D3. had taken 8. injured4.C 9.C5. C 10. B 11. C 15. A 12. (should) make 16. would have bought 13. A17. D 14. were/ was 18. A19. paid 20. A21.would have saved 22 . D 23. would have been。
人教版高中英语一般过去时语法时态历年高频考点汇总
人教版高中英语一般过去时语法时态历年高频考点汇总单选题1、—Could you tell me_________ ?—I heard that there was a car accident.A．what happens over thereB．when can I go across the roadC．what happened over thereD．when I can go across the road答案：C解析：考查宾语从句的时态和语序。
句意：——你能告诉我发生了什么事吗?——我听说发生了车祸。
分析句子可知，此处是作tell的宾语，语序要用陈述语序，排除B项；根据答语“I heard that there was a car accident.（我听说发生了车祸。
）”可知，上句提问“发生了什么”，表示“发生什么”用what happened。
故选C项。
2、Not until ________ how difficult it was to be a good reporter.A．did the chief editor tell me I realizeB．the chief editor told me I realizedC．the chief editor told me did I realizedD．the chief editor told me did I realize答案：D解析：考查部分倒装。
句意：直到主编告诉我，我才意识到做一名好记者是多么困难。
not until放在句首时要部分倒装，根据后文was可知为一般过去时，应用助动词did。
故选D。
3、You must have had some moments when you were disappointed. If so, how ______ you deal with them? A．willB．didC．canD．do答案：B解析：考查动词的时态和语态。
历年重点语法
虚拟1. One of the requirement for a fire is that the material __________ to its burning temperature.A. were heatedB. must be heatedC. is heatedD. be heated2. It must be off now. It’s time I _____ to school.A. goB. wentC. will goD. am going3. I’d rather you ____ anything about it for the time being.A. doB. don’t haveC. didn’t haveD. didn’t do____________, I’ve told you.A. If I would have known itB. If I had have known itC. Had I known itD. Should I known it4. I t’s high time you ______.A. do your homeworkB. would have done your homeworkC. had done your homeworkD. did your homework5. It’s important that you ____ what the speaker says at the meeting.A. will write downB. are writing downC. are written downD. write down6. ___ the flood, the ship would have reached its destination on time.A. In spite ofB. In case ofC. But forD. Because of7. If only she ____ someone’s advice.A. has askedB. would have askedC. had askedD. asks8. _____ for the timely investment from the general public, our company would not be so thriving as it is.A. Had it not beenB. Were it notC. Be it notD. Should it not be9. If you ____ to the lecture last Saturday, you ___ a lot from it.A. had gone; would have benefitedB. had gone; would benefitC. were, would benefitD. were, would have benefited1.D2.B3.D4.D5.D6.C7.C8.B9.A一致1. Every officer and every soldier _____ obey the rules.A. had toB. have toC. has toD. must have to2. Both Mary and Ellen, as well as Jan, ____ studying Chinese history.A. areB. isC. are beingD. is being3. ______determines a good meal varies from country to country.A. WhatB. thatC. ItD. Which4.What we are doing ____ good to the people.A. AreB. have beenC. isD. be5. Half of those books ____ best-sellers.A. isB. areC. amD. was6. Nearly everybody ____ colds in winter.A. Suffer from b. suffers inc. suffers from D. suffer for7. Grammar books here ___well.A. are soldB. sellC. sellsD. have been sold8.Something always ____ wrong when we try this recipe.A. has goneB. have gone c. go D. goes9.____ quite capable of working out his problem.A. Either of the children areB. Either of children areC. Either of the children isD. Either of children is10. The population of the developed countries is declining,while ____ of the developing country is growing.A. thatB. thisC. thoseD. these11. The number of people invited ____ fifty, but a number of people ____absent for different reasons.A. were, wasB. was, wasC. was, wereD. were, were1.C2.A3.A4.C5.B6.C7.B8.D9.C10.A11.C倒装1. Rarely _____so difficult a problem.A. she could have faced withB. could have she faced withC. she could have been faced withD. could she have been faced with2. Hardly ___sat down when the telephone rang.A. did IB. had IC. ID. have I3. _______ he is, Tom knows a lot of things.A. Child asB. Clever asC. Fool althoughD. A boy as4. Hardly ____ the classroom when the class begun.A. had he enteredB. he had enteredC. he enteredD. he was entered5. Never once ____for class when he was at college.A. did he lateB. was he lateC. he was lateD. he did late6. In no way ___ from practice.A. theory can be separated fromB. theory is separatedC. can theory be separatedD. has theory been separated7. Paul never learned a foreign language, _______.A. he doesn’t think he has toB. nor does he think he has toC. neither he thinks he has toD. he thinks he has not to, either8. Much _____ she likes him, she doesn’t intend to marry therich man.A. sinceB. asC. untilD. when1. D2. B3.B4. A5.B.6.C7.B8. B强调句1. It was ______ he saw the doctor coming out of the emergency room with an expression as grave as a judge ______ realized the seriousness of his wife’s illness.A. not unti l… thatB. after … thatC. until … thanD. before…that2.It was in 1930 _____ he became a university student.A. whenB. thatC. whichD. and3.It was because the applicant was too conceited_____he failed in the interview。
初中英语语法知识点总结及练习
一、初中英语语法归纳本文归纳了词法、八种基本时态以及三大基本从句，是历年中考英语必考语法点。
（一）词法1. 名词（1）名词的可数与不可数可数名词指表示的人或事物可以用数来计量，它有单数与复数两种形式。
不可数名词指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。
物质名词与抽象名词一般无法用数目，来统计，都成为不可数名词。
不可数名词前一般不能用冠词a、an来表示数量，没有复数形式。
要表示“一个……”这一概念，就须加a piece of这一类短语。
要注意许多名词在汉语里看来是可数名词，在英语里却不可数。
如：chalk，paper，bread，rice，grass，news等。
（2）名词复数的规则变化A.一般情况下加-s。
B.以s, x, ch, sh, 结尾的加-esC.以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i再加-esD.以f，fe结尾的，去掉f或fe，变成v再加-es（3）名词的所有格A. 单数名词词尾加’s，复数名词词尾若没有s，也要加’s。
如：the worker's bike，the Children’ s ballB. 表示几个人共有一样东西，只需在最后一个人的名字后加’ s若表示各自所有，则需在各个名字后’ s。
如：This is Lucy and Licy’ s room.These are Kate's and jack’ s rooms.C. 如果是通过在词尾加—s构成的复数形式的名词，只加’。
如：the students’ books，the girls’ blouses(另外：名词+of+名词名词是有生命的，我们就用’s结构来表示所有关系。
如果名词所表示的事物是无生命的，我们就要用名词+of+名词的结构来表示所有关系。
) 2. 代词人称代词，物主代词，反身代词，指示代词，不定代词（1）人称代词第一人称单数I me my mine myself复数 we us our ours ourselves第二人称单数 you you your yours yourself复数 you you your yours yourselves第三人称单数 he him his his himselfshe her her hers herselfit it its its itself复数 they them their theirs themselves（2）物主代词物主代词的用法：形容词性物主代词后面一定要跟上一个名词；名词性物主代词可作主语、表语、宾语。
2000-2019历年专四语法真题参考答案
2000-2019年历年专四语法真题答案2019年11. Moving from beginning to end by order of time, narration relies on a more natural pattern of organization than ________.A. will other types of writingB. do other types of writingC. on other types of writingD. other types of writing解析：选D。
本题很明显的一道送分题，考查比较状语从句。
观察句子和选项，可看出本题要比较的对象是“narration”和“other types of writing”。
than在此处是连词，后面需要接句子，后接应是other types of writing rely on natural pattern of organization，与主句一致部分可省略，即other types of writing。
12. ________ the attempted rescue mission, the hostages might still be alive.A. If it not had been forB. If had it not been forC. Had it not been forD. Had not it been for解析：选C。
考查虚拟语气。
当虚拟条件句中含有were，had，should等助动词时，可以将if省略，然后将were，had或should等词移至句首，注意从句中否定词not不需要提前。
本句正常语序为If it had not been for the attempted rescue mission, the hostages might still be alive。
人教版高中英语一般过去时语法时态历年考试复习重点
人教版高中英语一般过去时语法时态历年考试复习重点单选题1、A singer and dancer ________ present at the party.A．wereB．wasC．hasD．have答案：B解析：考查固定短语、时态和主谓一致。
句意：一位歌手兼舞蹈家出席了晚会。
根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“be present at…”，意为“出席……”，故可排除C和D，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，动词要用过去式，句中“A singer and dancer”指一个人，有歌手和舞蹈家的双重身份，故“be”应用“was”。
故选B项。
2、—What about your self-drive trip yesterday?—Tiring! The road is being widened, and we ______ a rough ride.A．hadB．haveC．would haveD．have had答案：A解析：考查动词时态。
句意：——你昨天的自驾游怎么样？——真累啊！马路正在加宽，我们经历了一段艰难的旅程。
根据句中yesterday可知，此处询问的是昨天的自驾游情况，故空格处句子应用一般过去时，表示昨天经历了一段艰难的旅程。
故选A项。
3、The naughty boy _____ quickly, otherwise he would have been caught by the angry headmaster.A．had run awayB．ran awayC．should run awayD．were to run away答案：B解析：考查一般过去时。
句意：这个淘气的男孩跑得很快，要不然就会被生气的校长抓住。
分析语境可知，此句是对过去的虚拟，otherwise相当于If the naughty boy hadn’t run away quickly，已经暗含了条件，所以前面的空格只是对过去发生的事实进行陈述，要用一般过去时。
语法题精选精选的语法题
语法题精选精选的语法题在本文中，我将为你提供一些精选的语法题，帮助你巩固和提高自己的语法知识。
题目一：代词的正确使用1. _____ is my sister. She is a doctor.A. SheB. HerC. HersD. She's答案：A. She解析：在句子中作主语的代词应使用主格形式，因此正确答案是A. She。
2. Mary bought some flowers for ______ mother.A. herB. hersC. she'sD. she答案：A. her解析：在句子中作宾语的代词应使用宾格形式，因此正确答案是A. her。
题目二：动词时态和语态1. By the time I _____ home, my mom had already cooked dinner.A. gotB. getC. have gottenD. will get答案：A. got解析：根据句子中的时间状语"By the time"和"had already"可知，这是一个过去完成时态的句子，所以正确答案是A. got。
2. The book _____ by the students. It's very informative.A. was writtenB. is writtenC. had writtenD. has written答案：A. was written解析：根据句子的时态和语境可知，这是一个被动语态的句子，且主语是"The book"，所以正确答案是A. was written。
题目三：冠词的正确选择1. I saw _____ interesting movie last night.A. anB. aC. theD. no article答案：B. a解析：根据句子中的"a"和"interesting"的辅音音素匹配规则可知，正确答案是B. a。
全部都是历年中考英语必考语法点
全部都是历年中考英语必考语法点全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1All the Must-Know Grammar Points for Middle School English ExamsAs middle school students prepare for their English exams, it is essential for them to review and master all the important grammar points that may appear on the test. In this article, we will go over some of the most commonly tested grammar topics and provide explanations and examples to help students better understand and apply these rules.1. Subject-Verb Agreement:One of the fundamental rules of English grammar is ensuring that the subject and verb in a sentence agree in terms of number. For example:- The dog barks loudly. (singular subject "dog" with singular verb "barks")- The cats play in the yard. (plural subject "cats" with plural verb "play")2. Verb Tenses:Understanding verb tenses is crucial for conveying the timing of actions in a sentence. Some common verb tenses include:- Present simple: She runs every morning.- Past simple: He finished his homework yesterday.- Present continuous: They are playing soccer right now.3. Articles (a, an, the):Articles are important determiners that help to specify or identify nouns. Use "a" before consonant sounds and "an" before vowel sounds. "The" is used to refer to specific or known nouns.- A cat is in the garden.- An apple fell from the tree.- The book on the table is mine.4. Pronouns:Pronouns are used to replace nouns in a sentence, making the language more concise and less repetitive. Common pronouns include: he, she, it, they, we, you, etc.- She is going to the store. (replaces the noun "Sarah")- They are coming to the party. (replaces a group of people)5. Prepositions:Prepositions are words that show the relationship between nouns or pronouns and other words in a sentence. Some examples of prepositions include: in, on, at, by, with, etc.- The book is on the table.- He will meet you at the park.6. Adjectives and Adverbs:Adjectives describe or modify nouns, while adverbs describe or modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. Both are essential for adding detail and depth to sentences.- She has a beautiful dress. (adjective)- He ran quickly to catch the bus. (adverb)7. Conjunctions:Conjunctions are words used to connect clauses or sentences. They can be coordinating (and, or, but), subordinating (because, although), or correlative (either…or, neither…nor).- He wants to go to the movies, but she prefers to stay home.- Either you come with me, or I will go alone.8. Direct and Indirect Speech:Direct speech quotes the exact words spoken by someone, while indirect speech reports what was said without quoting directly. This requires a change in pronouns, time expressions, and verb tenses.- Direct speech: She said, "I am going to the store."- Indirect speech: She said that she was going to the store.9. Passive Voice:The passive voice is used when the focus is on the action and not the doer. The structure is: subject + auxiliary verb (be) + main verb (past participle).- The cake was baked by Mary. (passive voice)10. Relative Clauses:Relative clauses provide additional information about a noun in a sentence. They begin with relative pronouns (who, which, that) or relative adverbs (when, where, why).- The boy who won the race is my friend.- I visited the place where I grew up.By reviewing and understanding these essential grammar points, middle school students can feel confident andwell-prepared for their English exams. Practice exercises and examples can further solidify their knowledge and help them apply these rules effectively in both written and spoken English. Good luck with your studies!篇2All the grammar points that have been tested in the middle school entrance examination over the years are important for students to master. In this document, we will cover all those crucial grammar points that every student should be familiar with. Let's dive into these essential grammar rules that will help you improve your English skills and score well in exams.1. Parts of Speech:Understanding the different parts of speech such as nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections is essential for constructing grammatically correct sentences.2. Subject-Verb Agreement:Ensuring that the subject and verb agree in number is vital in forming coherent sentences. For example, "The cat is sleeping" (singular subject) versus "The cats are sleeping" (plural subject).3. Verb Tenses:Being proficient in using different tenses like present simple, present continuous, past simple, past continuous, and future tenses will help you accurately express actions that occur at different times.4. Sentence Structure:Comprehending sentence structures like simple sentences, compound sentences, complex sentences, andcompound-complex sentences is crucial in conveying messages effectively.5. Articles:Knowing when to use "a," "an," and "the" is important for specifying nouns and making your writing more precise.6. Pronouns:Understanding how to use pronouns correctly and avoiding ambiguity is significant in creating clear and concise sentences.7. Modifiers:Knowing how to correctly place adjectives and adverbs to modify nouns and verbs is essential for highlighting important information in sentences.8. Comparatives and Superlatives:Using comparatives (e.g., "bigger," "more interesting") and superlatives (e.g., "biggest," "most interesting") correctly is crucial for making comparisons between different things.9. Conditionals:Mastering the four types of conditionals (zero, first, second, and third) will enable you to express different types of conditions and their possible outcomes accurately.10. Direct and Indirect Speech:Understanding how to change direct speech into indirect speech and vice versa is important for reporting what someone has said accurately.11. Passive Voice:Knowing how to construct sentences in the passive voice is important for varying your sentence structures and focusing on the object rather than the subject.12. Relative Clauses:Being able to use relative pronouns (e.g., who, whom, whose, which, that) to form relative clauses will help you provide additional information about nouns in your sentences.13. Reported Speech:Learning how to report what someone else has said using reporting verbs, pronouns, time expressions, and other changes is essential in formal writing.14. Gerunds and Infinitives:Understanding when to use gerunds (verb + -ing) and infinitives (to + base form of the verb) is crucial for constructing grammatically correct sentences.15. Modal Verbs:Being proficient in using modal verbs like can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would, and ought to will help you express different degrees of necessity, possibility, ability, and more.16. Phrasal Verbs:Mastering phrasal verbs (verbs + prepositions or adverbs) is important for understanding informal English and expanding your vocabulary.By mastering these essential grammar points, students can improve their writing, speaking, and overall English language skills. Practice is key to internalizing these rules, so make sure to revise regularly and apply them in your language learning journey. Good luck!篇3All You Need to Know About Essential Grammar Points in Yearly Middle School English ExamsUnderstanding the essential grammar points is crucial for success in middle school English exams. These grammar rules are repeatedly tested in yearly examinations and mastering them will greatly improve your overall English proficiency. In this article, we will discuss some of the most common and important grammar points that you need to know for the exams.1. Subject-Verb Agreement:Subject-verb agreement is a fundamental rule in English grammar. It states that the verb must agree with the subject in terms of number. For example, "She sings" is correct while "She sing" is incorrect. Pay close attention to the subject-verb agreement when forming sentences in the exams.2. Tenses:Tenses are another essential grammar point that is often tested in middle school exams. Make sure you understand the differences between present, past, and future tenses, as well as the various forms of each tense such as simple, continuous, perfect, and perfect continuous. Being able to use the correct tense in your sentences is crucial for accuracy.3. Articles:Articles - a, an, and the - are often overlooked but play a significant role in English grammar. Understanding when to use indefinite (a, an) and definite (the) articles is important for constructing clear and grammatically correct sentences. Pay attention to the context and whether the noun is countable or uncountable when choosing the appropriate article.4. Pronouns:Pronouns are words that replace nouns in sentences. It is important to use the correct pronouns and ensure they agree in number and gender with the nouns they replace. Practice using pronouns in various contexts to enhance your understanding and accuracy in middle school English exams.5. Prepositions:Prepositions are words that show the relationship between nouns or pronouns and other words in a sentence. Understanding how to use prepositions correctly is essential for conveying accurate meaning. Pay attention to common prepositions such as in, on, at, by, and between, and practice using them in the correct context.6. Conjunctions:Conjunctions are words that connect clauses, sentences, or phrases. Understanding different types of conjunctions such as coordinating, subordinating, and correlative conjunctions is important for constructing clear and coherent sentences. Practice using conjunctions to link ideas and improve the flow of your writing.7. Adjectives and Adverbs:Adjectives describe nouns, while adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. Knowing how to use adjectives and adverbs correctly will enhance the descriptive quality of your writing. Pay attention to the placement of adjectives and adverbs in sentences to ensure clarity and accuracy.8. Modals:Modals are auxiliary verbs that express necessity, possibility, ability, permission, or obligation. Understanding how to use modals such as can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, and would is important for expressing different degrees of certainty and making polite requests or suggestions.9. Reported Speech:Reported speech, also known as indirect speech, is used to report what someone else has said without quoting their exact words. Understanding how to change tenses, pronouns, and other elements when converting direct speech to reported speech is important for accurately conveying information in written or spoken form.10. Passive Voice:Passive voice is used to focus on the action rather than the subject of the sentence. Understanding how to form and use passive voice constructions is important for varying sentence structures and emphasizing different parts of the sentence. Practice using passive voice to improve your writing skills in middle school English exams.In conclusion, mastering these essential grammar points will greatly enhance your performance in yearly middle schoolEnglish exams. Remember to practice regularly and apply these rules in your writing and speaking to develop a strong foundation in English grammar. Good luck!。
初中英语语法题型归纳总结
初中英语语法题型归纳总结英语语法是英语学习的重要组成部分，初中阶段的英语语法题型也是充满挑战的。
为了帮助同学们更好地掌握初中英语语法题型，下面将对常见的语法题型进行归纳总结。
一、动词动词在英语语法中起着重要作用，以下是初中英语中常见的动词题型：1. 时态题：根据上下文，选择正确的动词时态填空。
2. 语态题：根据要求，改写句子的语态。
3. 词组搭配题：选择正确的动词词组完成句子。
4. 动词不定式题：根据要求，用动词不定式填空或改写句子。
二、名词名词在句子中作为主语、宾语或表语扮演重要角色，以下是初中英语中常见的名词题型：1. 单复数题：选择正确的名词形式填空或改写句子的名词形式。
2. 可数与不可数名词题：选择合适的名词填空或改写句子中的名词。
3. 所有格题：根据要求，改写句子中的名词所有格形式。
三、形容词与副词形容词与副词用于修饰名词或动词，以下是初中英语中常见的形容词与副词题型：1. 形容词与副词比较级题：根据要求，改写句子中的形容词或副词比较级形式。
2. 形容词与副词最高级题：根据要求，改写句子中的形容词或副词最高级形式。
3. 形容词与副词填空题：根据上下文，选择合适的形容词或副词填空。
四、冠词与代词冠词与代词在句子中用于指代特定事物或修饰名词，以下是初中英语中常见的冠词与代词题型：1. 冠词填空题：根据上下文，选择合适的冠词填空。
2. 代词填空题：根据上下文，选择合适的代词填空。
五、介词与连词介词与连词在句子中用于表示关系、连接词语，以下是初中英语中常见的介词与连词题型：1. 介词填空题：根据上下文，选择合适的介词填空。
2. 连词填空题：根据上下文，选择合适的连词填空或改写句子中的连词。
六、其他常见题型除了以上提到的常见题型外，初中英语语法还包括以下题型：1. 并列句与复合句题：根据要求，改写句子的结构或连接句子。
2. 句型转换题：根据要求，改写句子的句型。
通过对初中英语语法题型的总结归纳，同学们可以更好地理解各种语法规则，并能够在解题过程中灵活运用。
英语语法考试试题及答案
英语语法考试试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. Which of the following sentences is grammatically correct?A. She don't like to eat vegetables.B. She doesn't like eating vegetables.C. She doesn't likes to eat vegetables.D. She don't likes eating vegetables.2. The correct form of the verb to use with "never" is:A. present simpleB. present continuousC. present perfectD. past simple3. Fill in the blank: "I wish I _______ more careful yesterday."A. wasB. wereC. amD. is4. The preposition used after the phrase "be afraid of" is:A. atB. inC. ofD. on5. Choose the sentence with the correct use of articles:A. The boy is playing the guitar.B. She likes reading books.C. I saw a cat on the street.D. He is an honest man.6. The correct way to form a question using "must" is:A. Must you go now?B. You must go now, don't you?C. Do you must go now?D. You must go now, mustn't you?7. The comparative form of "big" is:A. biggerB. more bigC. biglyD. bigest8. What is the superlative form of "fast"?A. fasterB. fastC. fastestD. more fast9. The correct sentence structure for the passive voice is:A. The letter was written by him.B. He was writing the letter.C. The letter is writing by him.D. The letter is written by him.10. Fill in the blank with the correct form of the verb: "By the time we arrived, the movie _______ already."A. had been finishedB. has finishedC. was finishingD. had finished二、填空题（每题1分，共10分）11. My sister _______ (be) a doctor for five years.12. If it _______ (not rain) tomorrow, we will go for a picnic.13. The children _______ (play) in the park when it started to rain.14. She _______ (not watch) TV when I called her last night.15. I _______ (study) English since I was ten years old.16. They _______ (go) to the beach if the weather is nice.17. _______ (not speak) loudly in the library, please.18. The concert _______ (start) at 8:00 PM.19. I _______ (be) to Paris twice.20. _______ (not forget) to turn off the lights before you leave.三、改错题（每题2分，共20分）21. She don't know the answer to the question. ___22. They has been to Japan twice. ___23. He is going to do his homeworks tonight. ___24. I am used to wake up early. ___25. She is taller than me. ___26. We was watching a movie when the phone rang. ___27. He can plays the piano very well. ___28. She have a lot of friends in the city. ___29. They are going to moved to a new house next month. ___30. I have been lived here for two years. ___四、翻译题（每题5分，共30分）31. 他每天早晨跑步。
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一、虚拟语气2002年7. It’s time the dog ______how to behave properly.A. is learningB. learnsC. learnedD. to learn20. It is requested that the rent for the house ______in advance.A. will have to be paidB. has to be paidC. should have to be paidD. should be paid28. _______________he would have come to class.A. If Mike is able to finish his homework,B.Would Mike be able to finish his homework,C.If Mike could finish his homework,D.If Mike had been able to finish his homework,2003年11. Experiments ______that accurate measurements be made.A. showB. proveC. demandD. head2004年6. ________ your advice yesterday, I would have missed the train.A. Had I not takenB. If I didn’t takeC. If I haven’t takenD. Provided I didn’t take25. It is high time that you ______the problem carefully about what you will do in the future.A. are studiedB. must studyC. studiedD. study2005年12. We are all for your proposal that the discussion ______.A. be put offB. was put offC. will be put offD. should put off25. Mr. Smith would just rather we ______ now, but we must go to work.A. not leaveB. didn’t leaveC. are not to leaveD. won’t leave2006年29. I would rather you _______ to the party with her.A. goB. wentC. will goD. has gone33. It’s high time we _______ something to stop road accidents.A. are doingB. didC. will doD. do35. It is necessary that the problem ______ in some way or other.A. is settledB. has been settledC. be settledD. was settled40. I wish you ______here last night. All of us were waiting for your arrival.A. cameB. had comeC. comeD. will come二、时态、语态2002年23. By the time you get to the Greenwich you _____the most historic part of London.A. will be seeingB. will seeC. are going to seeD. will have seen24. He is said to ______ two trips to China in the last two years.A. to be makingB. to makeC. to have madeD. to have been making 2003年4. She ______ English since she was a child.A. learningB. had learnedC. is learningD. has been learning 2004年18. Tom got very angry when he realized he ______.A. was being made fun ofB. is made fun ofC. had made fun ofD. has been made fun of26. In case he ______. Please tell me.A. has comeB. will comeC. comesD. would come注：此题主要考查条件状语从句中的时态。
2005年1. A new analysis indicates that the output of cotton ______ by 20% by now.A. will have gone upB. would go upC. will go upD. has gone up19. “Your daughter has two children, doesn’t she?”“Yes. She __________in 1980.”A. marriedB. had marriedC. was marriedD. got married 2006年15. Some of the apples were rotten before reaching the market and ______ away.A. could be thrownB. had to be thrownC. could throwD. had to throw41. By the time you arrive in London, we ______ in Europe for two weeks.A. shall stayB. will have stayedC. have stayedD. have been staying44. Many of his novels are reported ______ into several foreign languages last year.A. to be translatedB. to translatedC. being translatedD. to have been translated50. He bought a new mobile phone last Sunday, because his old one ______.A. had stolenB. had been stolenC. was stolenD. stolen三、非谓语动词2002年15. I had a lot of trouble ______ the car ______ this morning.A. to get, startedB. to get startingC. getting, startedD. getting, starting18. ____________, we missed our plane.A. The train being lateB. To be lateC. The train is being lateD. The train which is late30. I’d just as soon ______ those important papers with you.A. that you won’t takeB. your not takingC. please don’t you takeD. you didn’t take2003年9. ______, we shall go out for a picnic on Sunday.A. Weather permitsB. Weather permittingC. With weather permitsD. With weather permitting15. I appreciate ______ to your birthday party.A. to be invitedB. to have invitedC. having invitedD. being invited17. When it ______school work, the professor will treat his students equally.A. comes to evaluateB. comes to evaluatingC. will come to evaluateD. will come to evaluating注：此题中短语when it comes to 意为当提及…时, to 为介词。
所以后接动名词。
2004年5. ______, we had to stay at home.A. It was a hot dayB. The day being hotC. Which have a hot dayD. Being a hot day9. I was surprised to find his article on such an ______ topic so ______.A. excited, boringB. exciting, boringC. excited, boredD. exciting, bored15. They found the lecture hard ______.A. to be understoodB. to understandC. for being understoodD. for understanding16. Finally the accused confessed to ______the girl.A. killB. killingC. have killedD. having killed19. I vaguely remember ______something like that.A. that he had saidB. him having saidC. his sayingD. him to say2005年4. ______ out of the taxi, he was seized by the police.A. To stepB. When steppedC. In his steepingD. On his stepping16. ______ nothing to talk about, he said good-bye and went out of the room.A. There wasB. There beingC. BeingD. There been21. The Great Pyramid _______ nearly five thousand years ago is located on the bank of the Nile River.A. builtB. was builtC. being builtD. to be built26. He didn’t seem to mind ______TV while he was reading.A. me to watchB. that I watchC. my watchingD. being watched30. There is no ______ arguing about it, just do as you are told.A. reasonB. concentratedC. pointD. meaning注：此题虽不是直接考查非谓语动词的用法，但是可根据动名词arguing判断出正确答案。