Android开发协会第一次培训会

“Hello World”的讲解 string
<resources> <string name="app_name">Android Club1.1</string>
<string name="hello_world">Hello world!</string> <string name="action_settings">Settings</string> </resources>
了解AndrLeabharlann id基本组件• 1.View • 2.Activity • 3.Fragment • 4.Intent
• 5.ContentProvider
• 6.Service • 7.AndroidManifest.xml • 8.AVD
View
• View 是UI元素，是构成
用户界面的基本构件块。
“Hello World”的讲解 style
<resources>
<!-- Base application theme. -->
<style name="AppTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar">
<!-- Customize your theme here. -->
app/src/main/java/com.mycompany.myfirstapp/MyActivity.java When you select the file you see the class definition for the activity you created. When you build and run the app, the Activity class starts the activity and loads the layout file that says "Hello World!"
Intent
• Intent 通常定义某种工作的“意图”。Intent封装了几种概念，所以理解他们的 最佳方式就是查看他们的使用用例。可以使用Intent 来执行以下任务：
• 广播消息
• 启动Service • 启动Activity
• 显示网页或一组联系人
• 播出或接听电话
ContentProvider
app/build.gradle Android Studio uses Gradle to compile andbuild your app. There is a build.gradle file for each module of your project, as well as a build.gradle file for the entire project. Usually, you're only interested in thebuild.gradle file for the Module.This is where your app's build dependencie are set, includingthe defaultConfig settings:compiledSdkVersion, applicationId, minSdkVersion, targetSdkVersion
他平台中的服务，他们都是可能长时间运行的
后台进程。Android 定义了两种类型的Service： 本地Service 和远程Service。本地Service 是 只能承载该Service 的应用程序访问的组件。而 远程Service 是供在设备上运行的其他应用程序 远程访问的Service。
AndroidManifest.xml & AVD
Android Studio工程下目录结构
app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml The manifest file describes the fundamental characteristics of the app and defines each of its components.
“Hello World”的讲解 MainActivity
package founder.scu.androidclub11;
import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle;
public class MainActivity extends Activity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(yout.activity_main); } }
• 我们常常需要在设备上的移动应
用程序之间共享数据。因此，
Android 为应用程序定义了一种标 准机制来共享数据（比如联系人列 表），无需公开底层存储、结构和 实现。通过ContentProvider 可以 公开数据，允许应用程序使用来自 其他应用程序的数据。
Service
• Android 中的Service 类似于Windows 或其
“Hello World”的讲解 dimen
<resources>
<!-- Default screen margins, per the Android Design guidelines. -->
<dimen name="activity_horizontal_margin">16dp</dimen> <dimen name="activity_vertical_margin">16dp</dimen> </resources>
<!-- Customize your theme here. -->
</style> <style name="ButtonStyle"> <item name="android:background">@drawable/button_background</item> <item name="android:textColor">#ffffff</item> </style> </resources>
Android开发协会
第一次培训会
这些内容
• 1.建立第一个Android Application
• 2.Android Studio工程下目录结构
• 3.了解Android基本组件 • 4.“Hello World”的讲解 • 5.Android Studio常用快捷键
建立第一个Android Application
序内斗拥有多个Activity。
Fragment
• 当屏幕很大时，我们很难在一个
Activity 上管理所有活动。Fragment
就像是子活动，Activity 可以同时在 屏幕上显示一个或多个Fragment。当 屏幕较小时，一个活动更可能只包含 一个Fragment，而且可能与大屏幕使 用同一个Fragment。
“Hello World”的讲解 activity_main
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" tools:context=".MainActivity"> <TextView android:text="@string/hello_world" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> </RelativeLayout>
Android Studio工程下目录结构
drawable<density>/ Directories for drawable objects (such as bitmaps) that are designed for various densities, such as medium-density (mdpi) and high-density (hdpi) screens. Other drawable directories contain assets designed for other screen densities. layout/ Directory for files that define your app's user interface like activity_my.xml, discussed above, which describes a basic layout for the MyActivity class. menu/ Directory for files that define your app's menu items. values/ Directory for other XML files that contain a collection of resources, such as string and color definitions. The strings.xml file defines the "Hello world!" string that displays when you run the default app. mipmap / Directory for app launcher icons.