上海高考英语试卷及答案(word-完整精校版)

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2019年6月上海高考英语试题word精校版Summary Writing(含试题-答案)

2019年6月全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.It’s undeniable: Being among the first to try out a new piece of technology is cool. There’s the excitement of doing what has never been done before the feeling that you’re living in the future. And when you’re the sole member of your social circle with the latest hot gadget, people stare in fascination. They ask you questions. They see you as the holder of powerful, secret knowledge for a little while, until the next big thing comes along. People tend to underestimate the costs of this temporary coolness, which they pay in more ways than one. Don’t fall into the early adopter trap. Don’t join the first wave of consumers who invest in the latest media-hyped hardware: instead, wait and see.To put it frankly, early adoption is a bad investment. First, the earliest versions of devices are not only expensive, they are also the most expensive that those devices will ever be. Companies are presumably attempting to recover the cost of production as fast as they can, and they know that there are serious tech-lovers who will pay a great deal to be first. Once the revenues from early adopters’ purchases are safely in their hands, they can cut the price and shift to the next marketing phase: selling the product to everyone else. This is why the cost of the original iPhone dropped about U. S. 200 only eight months after its release. Plus, electronics hardly ever become more expensive because intense competition in the industry puts downward pressure on prices over time. Prices of gadgets will fall shortly after release, and they will likely keep falling. Many new TV models drop significantly in price as little as ten days after hitting the market. Further, electronics rapidly depreciate because they become obsolete (废弃的) so quickly. This means that early adopters pay the maximum price for an item that does not hold onto its value. The resale price of a cell phone or laptop can drop by fifty percent within just a few months.Speaking of becoming obsolete, those who are first to leap into a new technology risk wasting money and time on something that will never catch on. Another good reason to resist the early-adoption temptation is that the first version of a product typically has defects that cost a lot in time and frustration. Such problems are so common with new technology that early adopters are basically unpaid beta testers and troubleshooters. Unless this sounds to you like a fun way to spend your time, don’t be among the first users. If you wait to learn what the problems are with a new electronic gadget, you can look forward to a smoother experience or choose a less troublesome product.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 爷爷有点耳背，对他耐心一点。

2019全国高考(上海卷)英语部分真题及材料(word 精校版).

全国高考（上海卷）英语部分真题及材料（Word精校版）听力Section A:1. M: Good morning. can I help you?W; Yes, this dress's too long, would you please shorten it for me?!Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?2. W: Jack, you look tired!M:Yes,I've got a pile of work to do, but it gives me a great sense of achievementQ: What can we learn about the man?3. W: John, what's up? Why are you standing on the desk?M: The light suddenly went off! The bulb must have hurnt out!Q: What is the man most probably doing?4. W: I'll lake this room. How much is the rent?M: Well, ＄200 each month. You need to pay 3-month rent in advance, plus a deposit of ＄100.Q: According to the man, how much should the woman pay in total?5. W; I'll take an interview for a part-time librarian tomorrow.M: Don't worry. Others will stand no chance if you take the interview.Q: How does the man feel about the woman's chance of getting the job?6. M: I couldn't sleep at all last night. The bed is not comfortable.W: Don't blame the bed. You should stop drinking wine.Q: What docs the woman imply?7. W: Andy, 1 bought a shirt for you.M: Thank you. I hope you kept the receipt, I've put on some weight.Q: What does the man imply?8. W: I'm terribly sorry. But your flight has been canceled.M: What? In that case, I hope you will put me out somewhere tonightO: what does the man expect the woman to do for him?9.W: A new hotel is looking for workers. They need 300 new workers, but over 4000 people showed up.M: I saw the news on TV. I still have my job. Thank goodness!Q: What are the speakers talking about?10. W: Professor Smith explained the Physics problem very clearly,M: Did he? Unfortunately, it's still all Greek to meQ: what can we learn from the conversation?Section B:Passage I;With a fascinating past and more than four centuries of history, St Augustine is one of the nation’s oldest cities--- and an American treasure. Located on Florida's Atlantic coast, it is home to many fine examples of European architecture and wild scenic views.In 1513, while looking for the storied Fountain of Youth, explorer Juan Ponce de leon found this land and claimed it for Spain Then, in 1563, a Spanish conqueror established a settlement here and named it St, Augustine. Except for a 20-year period of English rule, Florida remained underSpanish rule until the united States took control in 182 I.In the years after its founding, the city St. Augustine was attacked by the French and English, and by Native Americans, who are said to have shot flaming arrows at the city's defensive building, setting it on fire. More recently, nature has stricken the region with successive hurricanes--- Matthew in 2016 and Irma in 2017. Still, St. Augustine endures. As the region recovers, visitors shouldn't overlook it.St. Augustine has suffered much in its long history. Hopefully, visitors will come and perhaps support the Florida coast's recovery while discovering its centuries of history and miles of coastal beauty .11. Which country first governed Florida in history?12 Which of the following statements is true about St, Augustine?13 What is the passage mainly about?Passage 2:Transport for London has a lost property office which collects the items left behind as people flow through the city's transport system each day. It is the biggest lost property office in Europe, beaten globally only by Tokyo's. Sixty-five staff sort through hundreds of thousands of lost and forgotten items each at the office, which is run by Paul Cowan. According to the latest data, Cowan's team dealt with over three hundred thousand items in the first quarter of the year. As the data reveals, very few are claimed. For example, of the nearly 13, 000 keys handed into lost property last year, just under I, 400 were returned to their owners, says Cowan. Overall, twenty percent of stock is claimed within three month. After that time, stock becomes the property of transport for London, and it's not necessarily the items you'd expect, A wander through the three-basement floor that make up the lost property office gives us an idea of what we value enough to recover and what we're happy to let go. Cowan has discovered something interesting about the complexity of lost shoes. He said, if you have one shoe, you are more likely to go looking for the other. If you lose two shoes. well. it's slightly out of sight. out of mind. He guesses many people regard loss as an opportunity t0 treat themselves to something new.14.What is the passage main about?15. Which of the following is true of the lost item?16. According to Cowan, why don't some people get their lost shoes back?完形填空When 17-year-old Quattro Musser hangs out with friends, they don't drink beer or cruise around in cars with their dates. Rather, they stick to G-rated activities such as rock-climbing or talking about books.They are in good company, according to a new study showing that teenagers are increasingly delaying activities that had long been seen as rites of passage into adulthood. The study, published Tuesday in the journal Child Development, found that the percentage of adolescents in the U,S. who have a driver's license, who have tried alcohol, who date, and who work for pay has plummeted since 1976, with the most precipitous decreases in the past decade.The declines appeared across race. Geographic and socioeconomic lines, and in rural,urban, and suburban areas.To be sure. more than half of teens still engage in these activities, but the majorities have slimmed considerably. Between 1976 and 1979, 86 percent of high school seniors had gone on a date: between 2010 and 2015 only 63 percent had, the study found."People say, 'Oh, it's because teenagers are more responsible, or more lazy, or more boring' but they re missing the larger trend," said Jean Twenge, lead author of the study, which drew on seven large time-lag surveys of Americans. Rather, she said, kids may be less interested in activities such as dating, driving or getting jobs because in today's society they no longer need to.According to an evolutionary psychology theory that a person's "life strategy" slows down or speeds up depending on his or her surroundings exposure to a "harsh and unpredictable" environment leads to faster development, while a more resource-rich and secure environment has the opposite effect, the study said. In the first scenario. "You'd have a lot of kids and be in survival mode. start having kids young, expect your kids will have kids young, and expect that there will be more diseases and fewer resources," said Twenge, a psychology professor at SanDiego State University who is the author of "iGen: Why Today's Super-Connected Kids Are Growing Up Less Rebellious. More Tolerant. Less Happy--and Completely Unprepared for Adulthood."A century ago, when life expectancy was lower and college education less prevalent, "the goal back then was survival, not violin lessons by 5." Twenge said.In that model a teenage boy might be thinking more seriously about marriage. and driving a car and working for pay would be important for "establishing mate value based on procurement of resources," the study said.But America is shifting more toward the slower model, and the change is apparent across-the socioeconomic spectrum, Twenge said. "Even in families whose parents didn't have a college education... families are smaller, and the idea that children need to be carefully nurtured has really sunk in."The postponement of"adult activities" could not be attributed to more homework or extracurricular activities, the study said, noting that teens today spend fewer hours on homework and the same amount of time on extracurricular as they did in the 1990s (with the exception of community service. which has risen slightly). Nor could the use of smart phones and the Internet be entirely the cause, the report said, since the decline began before they were widely available.部分填词: rather/ adulthood/ decreases/ options/ majorities/ missing/ interested in/surrounded/ opposite/ case/ diseases/ seriously/ carefully/ slower/ educated/ postponement/ cause阅读理解AApparently. the idea of money that's not tied to a specific bank -- or a specific country -- is appealing to many. But it's worth remembering that the banking system that we now all live with is just that: A modern invention. Not so long ago, money was almost always created and used locally, and bartering w as common (In fact, it still is common among many online local networks, like the Buy Nothing Project)In the past, money's makeup varied from place to place, depending on what was considered valuable there. So while some of the world's first coins were made from a naturally occurring hybrid of gold and silver called electrum, objects other than coins have served as currency,including beads, ivory. livestock, and cowrie shells. In West Africa. bracelets of bronze or copper were used as cash, especially if the transaction was associated with the slave trade there.Throughout the colonial period, tobacco was used in lieu of coins or paper bills in Virginia, Maryland and North Carolina, even though it was used elsewhere in the colonies and extensively throughout Europe and the U.K.Today, on an island in the Pacific, a specific type of shell still serves as currency - and some people there are even hoarding it, just like Bitcoin moguls, convinced that one day, it will make them wealthy beyond imagination.On Malaita, the most-populated island that's part of the Solomon Islands, shells are accepted at most places in exchange for goods"How much tuna you can get for your shells depends on their color and shape." Mary Bruno,a shop owner from the small town of Auki, on Malaita, told Vice.e "One strip of darker shells might get you about two cans of smaller tuna, but the red ones are worth more. For the red ones,one strip might get enough tuna to feed a big family for a long time."Just like a mint that creates coins, there's only one place on the island where the shells,which are polished and strung together to form 3-foot-long ropes, are made. (You can see how that works in the video above.) The strips of red, white, and black shells all come from LangaLanga Lagoon, where artificial islands were long-ago built by locals to escape from the island-dwelling cannibals. Once marooned out on their islands, locals needed a currency to use among themselves, and so the shell currency was born.Using shells for money was common throughout the Pacific islands as late as the early 1900s, but Malaita is unique in that they are still used today. And just like cryptocurrencies, there are those who think the islanders are smart to invest in this type of money, which is reported to have risen in value over the last three decades. 1t might seem strange to hoard a bunch of processed, strung-together shells, but what is a pile of dollars? Just a specially printed piece of paper and hemp that we' ve assigned value to and probably less durable over time than those shells.BHow do you move a giant Sequoia?Boise, Idaho, recently relocated a century-old, living tree provided by John Muir.Inhabitants of Boise, Idaho, watched with trepidation earlier this year as the city's oldest, tallest resident moved two blocks. The l05-year-old sequoia tree serves as a local landmark, not only for its longevity but also because renowned naturalist and Sienra Club co-founder John Muir provided the original seedling. So, when Saint Luke's Health System found that the 10-story-tallconifer stood in the way of its planned hospital expansion, officials called tree-moving firm Environmental Design.The Texas-based company has developed and patented scooping and lifting technology to move massive trees. Weighing in at more than 800,000 pounds, the Boise sequoia is its largest undertaking yet. “I had lost enough sleep over this," says David Cox, the company's Western region vice president- and that was before the hospital mentioned the tree's distinguished origin.Before the heavy lifting began, the team assessed the root system and dug a five-foot-deep cylinder, measuring 40 feet in diameter, around the trunk to protect all essential roots, After encapsulating the root ball in wire mesh, the movers allowed the tree to acclimate to its new situation for seven months before relocating it. The illustration details what followed.CThe budget line is an elementary concept that most consumers understand intuitively without a need for graphs and equations -- it's the household budget, for example.Taken informally, the budget line describes the boundary of affordability for a given budget and specific goods.One of the interesting ways the study of economics relates to human behavior generally is that a lot of economic theory is the formalization of the kind of simple concept outlined above --a consumer's informal understanding of the amount she has to spend and what that amount will buy.In the process of formalization, the concept can be expressed as a mathematical equation that can be applied generally.To understand this, think of a graph where the vertical lines quantify how many movie tickets you can buy and where the horizontal lines do the same for crime novels. You like going to the movies and reading crime novels and you have $150 to spend. In the example below, assume that each movie costs $ 10 and each crime novel costs $15. The more formal economics term for these two items is budget set.If movies cost $10 each, then the maximum number of movies you can see with the money available is 15. To note this you make a dot at the number 15 (for total movie tickets) at the extreme left-hand side of the chart. This same dot appears at the extreme left above "O" on the horizontal axis because you have no money left for books -- the number of books available in this example is 0.You can also graph the other extreme -- all crime novels and no movies. Since crime novels in the example cost $15 and you have $150 available, if you spend all the available money crime novels, you can buy 10. So you put a dot on the horizontal axis at the number 10.You'll place the dot at the bottom of the vertical axis because in this instance you have $0available for movie tickets.If you now draw a line from the highest, leftmost dot to the lowest, rightmost dot you'll have created a budget line. Any combination of movies and crime novels that falls below the budget line is affordable. Any combination above it is not.六选四文章网址；/Magazine_articles%3A_More_valuable_than_you_may_think.html 翻译部分：1. 他们中的哪一个可能做过排球教练?参考译文：Who may have been a volleyball coach among them?2.我看到他换上徒步鞋，走向了草坪。

高考上海卷英语试题解析(正式版)(解析版).docx

高中英语学习材料***鼎尚图文理制作***绝密★启用前考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟, 试卷满分150分。

2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第I卷（第1－12页）和第II卷（第13页），全卷共13页。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

答题前,务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上,在答题纸反而清楚地填写姓名。

2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题(上海卷,含答案)

2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题（上海卷，含答案）本试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分，共150分，考试用时120分钟。

考试结束，将答题卡和答题卷一并交回。

考生注意：1．本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。

满分150分。

考试时间120分钟。

2．答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必在答题卡和答题纸上用钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号、校验码，并用铅笔在答题卡上正确涂写准考证号和效验码。

3．第Ⅰ卷（1—16小题，25—80小题）由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上。

考试应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。

注意试题题号和答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。

答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。

答案不能涂写在试卷上，涂写在试卷上一律不给分。

第Ⅰ卷中的第17—24小题，第81—84小题和第Ⅱ卷的试题，其答案用钢笔或水笔写在答题纸上，如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上一律不给分。

第Ⅰ卷（共105分）Ⅰ.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of ea ch conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the fourpossible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1．A．A shop assistant.. B．A dentis.t C．An cloarician.D．A bank clerk.2．A．The exam score.. B．The world news. C． A soccer match.. D．A basketball team.3．A．At a post office. B．At a flower shop.C．At a department store. D．At a bus station.4．A．5 hours. B．7 hours. C．9 hours. D．10 hours. 5．A．Tim’s not seriously injured.B．Tim will get to the hospital quickly.C．The woman’s heard all about Tim’s illness.D．The woman doesn’t know how Tim is now.6．A．She isn’t in the mood to travel. B．France is too far for family holiday.C．Family holiday no longer interests her. D．She has had too many holidays this year.7．A．The cost was reasonable. B．The cost was unbelievably high.C．She likes the hotel. D．She will stayovernight.8．A．Disappointment B．Disapproval. C．Sympathy.D.Passion.9．A．The man is too forgetful. B．The man shouldn’t get annoyed. C．The man has too many keys. D．The man should attend more lessons.10．A．He wants to live in apartments. B．He thinks his signature is unnecessary.C．He has already signed a contract. D．He doesn’t always say what he means.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following introduction. 11．A．White masters. B．African slaves. C．Native dancers. D．Sport trainers.12．A．Having kung fu experience. B．Being able to singand play music.C．Wearing a green belt. D．Being strong and able to balance well.13．A．He uses his hands to keep the balance. B．He dos es contact with his opponent.C．He is kicked by his opponent. D．He is pushed out of the circle.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage 14．A．Great guests and talk to hotel staff.B．Have breakfast and examine room service.C．Prepare for the meeting and write new reports.D．Review the previous night’s reports and check emails. 15．A．Saying hello to every guest. B．Considering different bath requirements.C．Dining with a different staff member. D．Holding various operational meetings.16．A．A day’s life of a hotel manager. B．The daily routine at a hotel.C．Hotel service and improvement. D．Meetings attended by a hotel massager.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.П. Grammar and vocabulary.Section ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. Sean has formed the habit of jogging the tree-lined avenue for two hours every day.A. betweenB. alongC. belowD. with26. It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park. It was journey.A. three hourB. a three-hoursC. a three-hourD. three hours27. If our parents do everything for us children, we won't learn to depend onA. themselvesB. themC. usD. ourselves28. Every few years, the coal workers. their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health.A. are havingB. haveC. have hadD. had had29. - Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday.- Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline.A. mustB. mustn'tC. shouldD. shouldn't30. In ancient times, people rarely travelled long distances and most farmersonly travelled the local market.A. longer thanB. more thanC. as much asD. as far as31. The church tower which will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.A. has restoredB. has been restoredC. is restoringD. is being restored32. I had great difficulty the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.A. findB. foundC. to findD. finding33. Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues with her stories.A. amusedB. amusingC. to amuseD. to be amused34. you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.A. However a serious problemB. What a serious problemC. However serious a problemD. What serious a problem35. the city centre, we saw a stone statue of about 10 metres in height.A. ApproachingB. ApproachedC. To approachD. To be approached36. One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.A. thatB. howC. whatD. why37. When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers knowA. he is entering which laneB. which lane he is enteringC. is he entering which laneD. which lane is he entering38. Wind power is an ancient source of energy we may return in the near future.A. on whichB. by whichC. to whichD. from which39. our manage objects to Tom's joining the club, we shall accept him as a member.A. UntilB. Unless C If D. After40. Thai is the only way we can imagine the overuse of water in students' bathrooms.A. reducingB. to reduceC. reducedD. reduceSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. additionalB. producingC. regularD. predictedE. identifiedE atmosphere G. matched H. reducing I. carried J. increaseForests in the northern half of the globe could be growing faster now than they were 200 years ago as a result of climate change, according to a study of trees in eastern America. The trees appear to have faster growth rates due to longer growing seasons and higher concentrations (浓度) of carbon dioxide in the ___41 .Geoffrey Parker, a scientist at the Smithsonian Environmental Research Centre in Edgewater. Maryland, said that the increase ha the rate of growth was unexpected and might be 42 to the higher temperatures and longer growing seasons documented in the region. The growth may also be influenced by the significant 43 in atmospheric CO2,he said. "We made a list of reasons these forests could be growing faster and then excluded half of them," Dr Parker said. Their study suggests that northern forests may become increasingly important in44 the influence of man-made CO2 on the climate.Dr Parker and his colleagues have 45 out a detailed record of the trees on a(n) 46 basis since 1987. They calculated that due to the global warming the forest is producing 47 tons of wood each year.The scientists _ 48 _ the land with trees at different stages of growth and found that both young and old trees were showing increased growth rate. More than 90 per cent of the tree groups had grown by between two and four times faster than the scientists had 49 from estimates of the long-term rates of growth.Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are fourwords or phrases marked A,B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The first attempt of even the most talented artists, musicians, and writers is seldom a masterpiece, If you consider your drafts as dress rehearsals (彩排), or tryouts, revising will seem a natural part of the writing 50 .What is the purpose of the dress rehearsals and the out-of-town previews that many Broadway shows go through? The answer is adding, deleting, replacing, reordering, 51 revising. Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process.When Lloyd Webber began writing in 1984, he had in mind a funny, exciting production. However, when Phantom opened in London in 1986, the audience saw a moving psychological love story set to music. The musical had. 52 several revisions due, in part, to problems with costuming and makeup (戏服和化妆). For instance, Lloyd Webber 53 some of the music because the Phantom's makeup prevented the actor from singing certain sounds.When you revise, you change aspects of your work in 54 to your evolving purpose, or to include 55 ideas or newly discovered information.Revision is not just an afterthought that gets only as much time as you have at the end of an assignment. 56 , it is a major stage of the writing process, and writers revise every step of the way. Even your decision to 57 . topics while prewriting is a type of revising. However. don't make the mistake of skipping the revision stage that follows 58 . Always make time to become your own 59 and view your dress rehearsal, so to speak. Reviewing your work in this way can give you 60 new ideas.Revising involves 61 the effectiveness and appropriateness of all aspects of your writing, making your purpose more clearly, and refocusing or developing the facts and ideas you present. When you revise, ask yourself the following questions, keeping in mind the audience for whom you are writing: Is my main idea or purpose 62 throughout my draft? Do I ever lose sight of my purpose? Have I given my readers all of the 63 that is, facts, opinions,inferences -- that they need in order to understand my main idea? Finally, have I included too many 64 details that may confuse readers?50. A. technique B. style C. process D. career51. A. in particular B. as a result C. for example D. in other words52. A. undergone B. skipped C. rejected D. replaced53. A. rewrote B. released C. recorded D. reserved54. A. addition B. response C. opposition D. contrast55. A. fixed B. ambitious C. familiar D. fresh56. A. However B. Moreover C. Instead D. Therefore57. A. discuss B. switch C. exhaust D. cover58. A. drafting B. rearranging C. performing D. training59. A. director B. master C. audience D. visitor60. A. personal B. valuable C. basic D. delicate61. A. mixing B. weakening C. maintaining D. assessing62. A. amazing B. bright C. unique D. clear63. A. angles B. evidence C. information D. hints64. A. unnecessary B. uninteresting C. concrete D. finalSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to theinformation given in the passage you have just read.(A)The elephant was lying heavily on its side, fast asleep. A few dogs started barking at it. The elephant woke up in a terrible anger: it chased the dogs into the village where they ran for safety. That didn't stop the elephant. It destroyed a dozen houses and injured several people. The villagers were scared and angry. Then someone suggested calling Parbati, the elephant princess.Parbati Barua's father was a hunter of tigers and an elephant tamer. He taught Parbati to ride an elephant before she could eve n walk. He also taught her the dangerous art of the elephant round-up -- how to catch wild elephants.Parbati hasn't always lived in the jungle. After a happy childhood hunting with her father, she was sent to boarding school in the city. But Parbati never got used to being there and many years later she went back to her old fife. "Life in the city is too dull. Catching elephants is an adventure and the excitement lasts for days after the chase," she says.But Parbati doesn't catch elephants just for fun. "My work," she says, "is to rescue man from the elephants, and to keep the elephants safe from man." And this is exactly what Parbati has been doing for many years.Increasingly, the Indian elephant is angry: for many years, illegal hunters have attacked it and its home in the jungle has been reduced to small pieces of land. It is now fighting back. Whenever wild elephants enter a tea garden or a village, Parbati is called toguide the animals back to the jungle before they can kill.The work of an elephant tamer also involves love and devotion. A good elephant tamer will spend hours a day singing love songs to a newly captured elephant. "Eventually they grow to love their tamers and never forget them. They are also more loyal than humans," she said, as she climbed up one of her elephants and sat on the giant, happy animal. An elephant princess indeed!65. For Parbati, catching elephants is mainly to .A. get long lasting excitementB. keep both man and elephants safeC. send them back to the jungleD. make the angry elephants tame66. Before Parbati studied in a boarding school, .A. she spent her time hunting with her fatherB. she learned how to sing love songsC. she had already been called an elephant princessD. she was taught how to hunt tigers67. Indian elephants are getting increasingly angry and they revenge because __________.A. they are caught and sent for heavy workB. illegal hunters capture them and kill themC. they are attacked and their land gets limitedD. dogs often bark at them and chase them68. The passage starts with an elephant story in order to explain that in India _________.A. people easily fall victim to elephants' attacksB. the man-elephant relationship is getting worseC. elephant tamers are in short supplyD. dogs are as powerful as elephants(B)The following card includes a brief summary and a short assessmentTrevor, C. O., Lansford, B. and Black, J. W., 2020, "Employee turnover (人事变更) and job performance: monitoring the influences of salary growth and promotion", Journal of Armchair Psychology, vol. 113, no.1, pp. 56-64.In this article Trevor et al. review the influences of pay and job opportunities in respect of job performance, turnover rates and employees' job attitude. The authors use data gained through organizational surveys of blue-chip companies in Vancouver, Canada to try to identify the main cause of employee turnover and whether it is linked to salary growth. Their research focuses on assessing a range of pay structures such as pay for performance and organizational reward plans. The article is useful as Trevor et al. suggest that there are numerous reasons for employee turnover and a variety of differences in employees' job attitude and performance. The main limitation of the article is that the survey sample was restricted to mid-level management, thus the authors indicate that further, more extensive research needs to be undertaken to develop a more in-depth understanding of employee turnover and job performance. As this article was published in a professional journal, the findings can be considered reliable. It will be useful additional information for the research on pay structures.of a research paper. It can provide a guide for further reading on the topic.69. The research paper published is primarily concerned withA. the way of preventing employee turnoverB. methods of improving employee performanceC. factors affecting employee turnover and performanceD. pay structures based on employee performance70. As is mentioned in the card, the limitation of the research paper mainly lies in that .A. the data analysis is hardly reliableB. the research sample is not wide enoughC. the findings are of no practical valueD. the research method is out-of-date71. Who might be most interested in this piece of information?A. Job hunters.B. Employees in blue-chip companies.C. Mid-level managers.D. Researchers on employee turnover.(C)The 2020 London Olympics had enough problems to worry about. But one more has just been added - a communications blackout caused by solarstorms.After a period of calm within the Sun, scientists have detected the signs of a flesh cycle of sunspots that could peak in 2020, just in time for the arrival of the Olympic torch in London.Now scientists believe that this peak could result in vast solar explosions that could throw billions of tons of charged matter towards the Earth, causing strong solar storms that could jam the telecommunications satellites and interact links sending five Olympic broadcast from London."The Sun's activity has a strong influence on the Earth. The Olympics could be in the middle of the next solar maximum which could affect the functions of communications satellites," said Professor Richard Harrison, head of space physics at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in Oxfordshire.At the peak of the cycle, violent outbursts called coronal mass ejections (日冕物质抛射) occur in the Sun's atmosphere, throwing out great quantities of electrically-charged matter. " A coronal mass ejection can carry a billion tons of solar material into space at over a million kilometres per hour. Such events can expose astronauts to a deadly amount, can disable satellites, cause power failures on Earth and disturb communications," Professor Harrison added. The risk is greatest during a solar maximum when there is the greatest number of sunspots.Next week in America, NASA is scheduled to launch a satellite for monitoring solar activity called the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), which will take images of the Sun that are 10 times clearer than the most advanced televisions available.The Rutherford Appleton Laboratory helped to make the high-tech cameras that will capture images of the solar flares (太阳耀斑) and explosions as they occur.Professor Richard Hold away, the lab's director, said that the SDO should be able to provide early warning of a solar flare or explosion big enough to affect satellite communications on Earth "If we have advance warning, we'll be able to reduce the damage. What you don't want is things switching off for a week with no idea of what's caused the problem," he said.72. The phrase "communications blackout" in paragraph 1 most probably refers to during the 2020 Olympics.A. the extinguishing of the Olympic torchB. the collapse of broadcasting systemsC. the transportation breakdown in LondonD. the destruction of weather satellites73. What can be inferred about the solar activity described in the passage?A. The most fatal matter from the corona falls onto Earth.B. The solar storm peak occurs in the middle of each cycle.C. It takes several seconds for the charged matter to reach Earth.D. The number of sunspots declines after coronal mass ejections.74. According to the passage, NASA will launch a satellite to _ _A. take images of the solar systemB. provide early warning of thunderstormsC. keep track of solar activitiesD. improve the communications on Earth75. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Solar Storms: An Invisible KillerB. Solar Storms: Earth Environment in DangerC. Solar Storms: Threatening the Human RaceD. Solar Storms: Human Activities to Be TroubledSection CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for eachparagraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.76 .Nowadays. millions of people misuse and even overuse pain medications and other drugs. Research by the American National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA, 1999) shows that around 2% of the population over age 12 were using drugs non-medically.77.NIDA views medications as a powerful force for good in the contemporary world. They reduce and remove pain for millions of people suffering from illness and disease. They make it possible for doctors to perform complicated surgery to save lives. Many people afflicted by serious medical conditions are able to control their symptoms and become active, contributing citizens. NIDA points out that most individuals who take these drags use them in a responsible.78.Nevertheless. overuse of drugs such as opioids, central nervous system (CNS) depressants and stimulants does lead to harmful reliance in some people and is therefore becoming a serious public health concern. Although this abuse affects many people worldwide, particular trends of concern to the medical profession in the US appear among older adults, teenagers arid women.79.Though it may be a surprise to many, the misuse of medications may be the most common form of drug abuse among the elderly. Dr Kenneth Schrader of Duke University, North Carolina states that although the elderly represent about 13% of the US population, those aged 65 and over account for the consumption of one third of all drugs. People in this age group use medications roughly three times more than the general population and have poorer compliance with instruction for use. In another study of elderly patients admitte d to treatment programs, 70% were women who hadoverused medicines.80.Unfortunately, this trend among women does not only affect those aged overIn general, among women and men who are using either an anti-anxiety drug or a sedative, women are twice as likely to become addicted. In addition, statistics compiled for 12-17 year olds show that teenage girls are more likely than teenage boys to begin overusing psychotherapeutic medication such as painkillers, tranquillisers, stimulants and sedatives.Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Phys ed (physical education) is making a comeback as a part of the school core curriculum(核心课程)，but with a difference. While group sports are still part of the curriculum, the new way is to teach skills that are useful beyond gym class. Instead of learning how to climb a rope, children aretaught to lift weights, balance their diets and build physical endurance. In this way，kids are given the tools and skills and experiences so they can lead a physically active life the rest of their life.Considering that 15 percent of American children 6 to 18 are overweight, supporters say more money and thought must be put into phys ed curriculum. In many cases, that may mean not just replacing the old gym-class model with fitness programs but also starting up phys ed programs because school boards often "put P.E. on the chopping block, cutting it entirely or decreasing its teachers or the days it is offered," says Alicia Moag-Stahlberg, the executive director of Action for Health Kids. The difference in phys ed programs is partly due to the lack of a national standard. "Physical education needs to be part of the core curriculum," she added.The wisdom of the new approach has some scientific support. Researchers at the University of Wisconsin have demonstrated how effective the fit-for-life model of gym class can be. They observed how 50 overweight children lost more weight when they cycled and skied cross-country than when they played sports. The researchers also found that teaching sports like football resulted in less overall movement, partly because reluctant students were able to sit on the bench.Another problem with simply teaching group sports in gym class is that only a tiny percentage of students continue playing them after graduating from high school. The new method teaches sells that translate to adulthood. (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. In the new P.E. program, children learn to lift weights, balance their diets and build physical endurance rather than __82. As for P.E., some school boards either83. What are the two problems with simply teaching group sports?84. What is the long-term benefit of the new P.E program?第Ⅱ卷（共45分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1、这本杂志花了我20多元。

上海高考英语试卷及答案完整精校版完整版

上海高考英语试卷及答案完整精校版集团标准化办公室：[VV986T-J682P28-JP266L8-68PNN]2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试卷（已反复核对，希望最大限度保证准确）考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第I卷（第1-12页）和第II卷（第13页），全卷共13页。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。

第I卷(共103分)I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeak ers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.T heconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconve rsationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,an ddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Impatient. B.Confused. C.Pleased. D.Regretful.2.A.Atabusstop. B.Atalaundry. C.Atthedentist’s.D.Atthechemist’s.3.A.Anactor.B.Asalesman.C.Atranslator.D.Awriter.4.A.Helosthisclassmate’shomework.B.Hecan’thelpthewomanwithhermath.C.Hebrokethewoman’scalculator.D.Hedoesn’tknowwherethe“on”butt on is.5.A.Thewomanshouldgotoanothercounter.B.Thewomangivesthemansomanychoices.C.Themandislikesthesandwichesofferedthere.D.Themanishavingtroubledecidingwhattoeat.6.A.Shehasnoideawheretofindtheman’sexamresult.B.Sheisn’tallowedtotellstudentstheirgrades.C.Dr.Whitehasn’tfinishedgradingthepapers.D.Dr.Whitedoesn’twanttobecontactedwhilehe’saway.7.A.Movetoaneatdormitory.B.Findapersontosharetheirapartment.C.Cleantheroomwiththeroommate.D.Writeanarticleabouttheirroommate.8.A.Bobwon’ttakeheradvice.B.Bobdoesn’twanttogoabroad.C.Shedoesn’tthinkBobshouldstudyoverseas.D.Shehasn’ttalkedtoBobsincehewentabroad.9.A.Thesnackbarisn’tusuallysoempty.B.Dessertisservedinthesnackbar.C.Thesnackbarisnearthelibrary.D.Snacksaren’tallowedinthelibrary.10.A.Takeherbicycletotherepairshop.B.Leaveherbicycleoutside.C.Cleanthegarageaftertherainstops.D.Checkifthegarageisdry. SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassages,andyouwillbeaskedth reequestionsoneachofthepassages.Thepassageswillbereadtwice,buttheques tionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleans wersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouh aveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Ithelpscareforcustomers’dogs.B.Youhavetobuyfoodfordogs.C.Noneofthedogsarecaged.D.ThereisadognamedPrincess.12.A.Shelikesthefoodthere.B.Sheenjoysthefunwithapet.C.Shecanhavefreecoffee.D.Shedoesn’tliketobealone.13.A.Anewkindofcafé.B.Anewbrandofcoffee.C.Anewhomeforpets.D.Anewwaytoraisepets.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Atrendthathighachieversaregivenalowersalary.B.Aviewthatlifequalityismoreimportantthanpay.C.Adreamoftheyoungforfast-pacedjobs.D.Anewtermcreatedbyhighachievers.15.A.10%B.12%C.6%D.7%16.A.Peoplearelesssatisfiedwiththeirlives.B.Thefinancialinvestmentmayincrease.C.Well-paidjobsarenoteasytofind.D.Unexpectedproblemsmayarise. SectionCDirections:InSectionC,youwillheartwolongerconversations.Theconversati onswillbereadtwice.Afteryouheareachconversation,youarerequiredtofilli nthenumberedblankswiththeinformationyouhaveheard.Writeyouranswersonyo uranswersheet.Blanks17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Blanks21through24arebasedonthefollowingconversation.SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassa gescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,filline achblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordt hatbestfitseachblank.(A）Giftfromastranger Mylocalsupermarketisalwaysbusy.ThefirstparkingspaceIfoundwasconvenien t,butI’dnoticedawomaninabluecarcirclingforawhile.(25)_____Iwas inagoo dmood,Iletherhaveit.OntheedgeofthecarparkIbackedintothenextavailables pot—itwasatightfit.PrettysoonI’dmademywaythroughthesupermarketandwasbackinthefresha ir.Feelinggood,I(26)_____(empty)mypursechangeintothehandsofahomelessm anandhelpedastrugglingwomanreversepark.JustasIapproachedmycar,IsawthewomanI’dlethavemycarspotearlier.Sh ewasgivingme(27)_____oddlook—halfpuzzled,half intent(热切的).Ismiledandwishedherapleasantday.AsIsqueezedbackintomycar,Isawthes amelady(28)_____(look)inatme.“Hello,”shesaid,hesitantly.“This(29)_ ____soundcrazybutIwasonmywaytodropsomeofmymother’sthingsoffatthechar itybins.Youarejustsomuch(30)_____her.Youhelpedthosepeople,Inoticed,an dyouseemedsohappy.”Shelookedatmemeaningfullyandpassedaboxinthroughth ewindow.“Ithinkshewouldlikeyoutohaveit.”(31)_____(shock),Itookitfro mherautomatically.Shesmiledandwalkedaway.Afterapause,Iopenedthebox.Insidewasabeautifulgoldnecklacewithalar gegreypearl.Itwas(32)_____(nice)giftI’deverreceived,anditwasfromacom pletestranger.Thenecklacewasaroundmyneck,awarmreminderofhumankindness.(B)AskHelpfulHannahDearHelpfulHannah,I’vegotaproblemwithmyhusband,Sam.Heboughtasmartphoneacoupleofmon thsago,andhetookitonourrecentskivacationtoColorado.Itwasagreattripexc eptforoneproblem.Hehasaconstanturge(33)_____(check)fortextmessages;he checkshisphoneeveryfiveminutes!He’ssoaddictedtoitthathejustcan’tstandtheidea(34)_____theremaybeanimportanttext.Hecan’thelpcheckingevena tinappropriatetimeslikewhenweareeatinginarestaurantandIamtalkingtohim !Hebehaves(35)__________anysmallamountofboredomcanmakehimfeeltheneedt ocheckhisphoneevenwhenheknowsheshouldn’t.Thetemptationtosee(36)_____ iscontactinghimisjusttoogreat.WhenIaskhimtopleaseputdownthephoneandst op(37)_____(ignore)me,hesays,“Inaminute,”butstillcheckstoseeif(38)_ ____haspostedsomethingnewontheInternet.Ourlife(39)_____(interrupt).If wegosomewhereandIaskhimtoleavethephoneathome,hesuffersfromwithdrawals ymptoms.Maybethisdependencyonhissmartphonehasbecomemorethananeveryday problem.Irecentlyreadanarticleabout“nomophobia,”(40)_____isarealillness peoplecansufferfrom:thefearofbeingwithoutyourphone!IamworriedthatSamm aybesufferingfromthisillnessbecausehefeelsanxiousifhedoesn’thavehisp honewithhim,evenforashorttime.Whowouldhavethoughtthatlittledeviceslikethesecouldhavebroughtsomu chtrouble!Sickand TiredSadieSectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Each wordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.pacesbewelldesigned.Well-designedofficespaceshelpcreateacorporation’simage.Theymotivateworker s,andtheymakeanimpressiononpeoplewhovisitandmightbepotential,or41,cus tomers.Theymakebusinessesworkbetter,andtheyareapartofthecorporatecult urewelivein.Aswemoveawayfromanindustrial-basedeconomytoaknowledge-basedone,officedesignershavecomeupwith42tothetraditionalworkenvironme ntsofthepast.Thedesignindustryhasmovedawayfromafixedofficesetupandcre atedmorefl exible“strategicmanagementenvironment.”These43solutionsar emeanttosupportbetterorganizationalperformance.Asemployee hierarchies（等级制度）haveflattened,ordecreased,officedesigners’responsetothischangehasbee ntomoveopen-planareastomoredesirablelocationswithintheofficeandcreatefewerformalp rivateoffices.Theneedforincreasedflexibilityhasalsobeen44bychangesinw orkstationdesign.Officesandworkspacesoftenarenot45toagivenpersononape rmanentbasis.Becauseofchangestomethodsofworking,newdesignsallowforexp ansionormovementofdesks,storage,andequipmentwithintheworkstation.Anot herimportantdesigngoaliscommunication,whichdesignershaveimprovedbyloweringthewallsthat46workstations.Designershavealsocreatedinformalgathe ringplaces,andupgradedemployees’47toheavilytraffickedareassuchascopy andcoffeerooms.Corporateandinstitutionalofficedesignersoftenstruggletoresolveanu mberofcompetingandoften48demands,includingbudgetarylimits,employeehie rarchies,andtechnologicalinnovation （especiallyinrelationtocomputerization）.Thesedemandsmustalsobebalan cedwiththeneedtocreate interiors（内饰）thatinsomewayenhance,establish,orpromoteacompany’simageandwillenable employeesto49attheirbest.Allthese50ofofficedesignarerelated.Themostsuccessfulofficedesigns arelikeagoodmarriage---thewell-designedofficeandtheemployeesthatoccupyitareseeminglymadeforeachother. III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrase smarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecon text.Ifyoustudiedpicturesthatancientpeopleleftonrockwallsandyoutriedto determinetheirmeaning,youwouldnotdetectadeepinterestinromanceamongthe artists.51,youwouldseeplentyofanimalswithpeoplerunningafterthem.Lifef orancientpeopleseemedtocenteronhuntingandgatheringwildfoodsformeals.Inmoderntimes,whenfoodisavailableingrocerystores,findingloveismor e52topeople’slives.The53isallaroundus.Itiseasytopreparealistofmodern storieshavingtodowithlove.Anendlessnumberofbooksandmoviesqualifyaslov estoriesinpopularculture.Researchersarestudyingwhetherlove,ahighlyvaluedemotionalstate,can be54.Theyask,whatislove?Toothpastecompanieswantustothinkattractionisa llaboutcleanteeth,butcleanteethgoonlysofar.Scientistswonderhowmuchthe braingetsinvolved.Youhaveprobablyheardthatoppositesattractbutthat55at tract,too.Onethingiscertain:Thetruthaboutloveisnotyetsetinstone. FirstImpressionTohelpdeterminethe56ofattraction,researcherspaired164collegeclass matesandhadthemtalkfor3,6or10minutessotheycouldgetasenseofeachother’sindividuality.Thenstudentswereaskedto57whatkindofrelationshiptheywer elikelytobuildwiththeirpartners.Afternineweeks,theyreportedwhathappen ed.Asitturnedout,their58judgmentsoftenheldtrue.Studentsseemedto59ata nearlystagewhowouldbestfitintotheirlives.The60KnowsScientistshavealsoturnedtononhumanstoincreaseunderstandingofattra ction.Manyanimalsgiveoffpheromones—naturalchemicalsthatcanbedetectedby,andthencanproducearesponsein,othe ranimalsofthesamespecies.Pheromonescansignalthatananimaliseitherreadytofightorisfeeling61topartnerships.Incontrast,humansdonotseemtobeas62 asotheranimalsatdetectingsuchchemicals.Smell,however,doesseemtoplayap artinhumanattraction.Althoughwemaynotbeawareofchemicalslikepheromones consciously,wegiveandreceiveloadsofinformationthroughsmellineveryinte ractionwithotherpeople.FaceValueBeingfondofsomeoneseemstohaveanumberoffactors,includingseeingsome thingwefindattractive.Researchershadpeoplejudgefacesfor63.Theparticip antshad0.013secondstovieweachface,yetsomehowtheygenerallyconsideredth eimagesthesameaspeoplewhohadmoretimetostudythesamefaces.Thewaywe64att ractivenessseemstobesomewhatautomatic.Whenshownanattractivefaceandthenwordswithgoodorbadassociations,pe oplerespondedto65wordsfasterafterviewinganattractiveface.Seeingsometh ingattractiveseemstocausehappythinking.51.A.Instead? B.Therefore C.Moreover? D.Otherwise52.A.romantic? B.stressful C.central? D.beneficial53.A.priority? B.proof? C.possibility D.principle54.A.tested? B.imposed C.changed? D.created55.A.appearances? B.virtues C.similarities? D.passions56.A.illustrations B.implications C.ingredients D.intentions57.A.predict? B.investigate? C.diagnose D.recall58.A.critical? B.initial? C.random D.mature59.A.memorize? B.distinguish? C.negotiate D.question60.A.Nose B.Eye? C.Heart D.Hand61.A.open? B.alert C.resistant? D.superior62.A.disappointed? B.amazed? C.confused? D.gifted63.A.emotions B.attractiveness? C.individuality? D.signals64.A.enhance? B.possess C.maintain? D.asses65.A.familiar? B.plain? C.positive D.irritating SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbysever alquestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefourchoicesmar kedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgivenin thepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Looktomanyofhistory’sculturalsymbols,andthereyou’llfindana nce storofFrosty,thesnowmaninthemovie Frozen.Itappearedonsomeofthefirstpos tcards,starredinsomeoftheearliestsilentmovies,andwasthesubjectofacoup leoftheearliestphotos,datingallthewaybacktothe1800s.Idiscoveredevenmo reaboutoneofhumanity’searliestformsof folkartduringseveralyearsofrese archaroundtheworld.Forexample,snowmenwereaphenomenonintheMiddleAges,builtwithgreat skillandthought.Atatimeoflimitedmeansofexpression,snowwaslikefreearts uppliesdroppedfromthesky.Itwasapopularactivityforcouplestoleisurelywalkthroughtowntoviewthetemporaryworksofchillyart.Somewerecreatedbyfamo usartists,includinga19-year-oldMichelangelo,whoin1494wasappointedbytherulerofFlorence,Italy,tobui ldasnowmaninhismansion’scourtyard.TheMiracleof1511tookplaceduringsixfreezingweekscalledtheWintero fDeath.ThecityofBrusselswascoveredinsnowmen—animpressivescenethattoldstoriesoneverystreetcorner.Somewerepolitical innature,criticizingthechurchandgovernment.Somewereareflectionofpeopl e’simagination.ForthepeopleofBrussels,thiswasadefiningmomentofartist icfreedom.Atleastuntilspringarrived,bywhichtimetheyweredealingwithdam agingfloods.Ifyoufear theheydayofthesnowman haspassed,don’tworry:I’velearne dthatsomeexplosivesnowmanhistoryisstillbeingmadetoday.Everyyearsince1 818,thepeopleofZurich,Switzerland,celebratethebeginningofspringbyblow ingupasnowman.OnthethirdMondayofApril,theholidaySechsel?uteniskickedo ffwhenacottonsnowmancalledtheB?ggisstuffedwithexplosiveandparadedthro ughtownbybakersandothertradesmenwhothrowbreadtothecrowds.Theparadeend swiththeB?ggbeingplacedona40-footpileoffirewood.AfterthebellsoftheChurchofSt.Peterhaverungsixtimes ,representingthepassingofwinter,thepileislit.Whenthesnowmanexplodes,w interisconsideredofficiallyover—thequickeritisburntdown,thelongersummerissaidtobe.66.Accordingtothepassage,whydidsnowmenbecomeaphenomenonintheMiddleAge s?A.Peoplethoughtofsnowasholyartsupplies.B.Peoplelongedtoseemasterpiecesofsnow.C.Buildingsnowmenwasawayforpeopletoexpressthemselves.D.Buildingsnowmenhelpedpeopledeveloptheirskillandthought.67.“Theheydayofthesnowman”(paragraph4)meansthetimewhen___________.A.snowmenweremademainlybyartistsB.snowmenenjoyedgreatpopularityC.snowmenwerepoliticallycriticizedD.snowmencauseddamagingfloods68.InZurich,theblowingupoftheBooggsymbolizes__________________.A.thestartoftheparadeB.thecomingofalongersummerC.thepassingofthewinterD.thesuccessoftradesmen69.Whatcanbeconcludedaboutsnowmenfromthepassage?A.TheywereappreciatedinhistoryB.TheyhavelosttheirvalueC.TheywererelatedtomoviesD.Theyvaryinshapeandsize(B)ScaryBunnyTheCurseoftheWere-Rabbit(2005)isthefirstfull-lengthfeaturefilmmadebydirectorsNickParkandSteveBoxwiththeiramazing pl asticine(粘土)charactersWallaceandGromit.ItwonanOscarin2006,andifyouwatchit,you ’llunderstandwhy.It’sanabsolutelybrilliantcartooncomedy.Cheese-lovinginventorWallaceandhisbrainydogGromithavestartedacompanytoprotec tthetown’svegetablesfromhungryrabbits.However,justbeforetheannualGia ntVegetableCompetition,anenormousrabbitbeginsterrorisingthetown.Itisa ttackingallthevegetablesanddestroyingeverythinginitspath.Thecompetiti onorganizer,LadyTottington,hiresWallaceandGromittocatch themonster aliv e.Buttheywillhavetofindthewere-rabbitbeforegun-crazyhunterVictorQuartermainewhoisdesperatetokillit.Thescreenplayiswittyandfullofamusingvisualjokes.Asusual,thevoic eofPeterSallisisabsolutelyperfectfortheroleofWallace,andGromitissobea utifullybroughttolife,hecanexpressahugerangeofemotionswithoutsayingaw ord.AndbothHelenaBonham-Carter,whoplaysthepartofLadyTottington,andRalphFiennesasVictorarereal lyfunny.Tosumup,TheCurseoftheWere-Rabbit isanamazingfilmwhichissuitableforbothchildrenandadults.Ifyoulik edWallaceandGromit’spreviousadventuresandyouappreciatetheBritishsens eofhumour,you’lllovethisfilm.Don’tmissit!70.Inthefilmreview,whatisparagraphAmainlyabout?A.Theintroduc tiontotheleadingroles?B.Thewriter’sopinionofactin gC.Thewriter’scommentsonthestory?D.Thebackgroundinformation71.Accordingtothefilmreview,“themonster”(paragraphB)refersto______.A.agun-crazyhunter?B.abrainydogC.ascaryrabbit?D.agiantvegetable72.Whichofthefollowingisareasonwhythewriterrecommendsthefilm?A.It’sfullofwitandhumour.B.Itscharactersshowfeelingswithoutwords.C.ItisanadventurefilmdirectedbyPeterSallis.D.Itisabouttheharmonybetweenmanandanimals.(C)OneoftheexecutivesgatheredattheAspenInstituteforaday-longleadershipworkshopusingtheworksofShakespearewasdiscussingtheroleo fBrutusinthedeathofJuliusCaesar.“Brutuswasnotanhonorableman,”hesaid.“Hewasa traitor（叛徒）.Andhemurderedsomeoneincoldblood.”TheagreementwasthatBrutushadac tedwithcrueltywhenotheroptionswereavailabletohim.Hemadeabaddecision,t heysaid—atleastasitwaspresentedbyShakespeare—totaketheleadinmurderingJuliusCaesar.Andthoughoneoftheexecutivesackno wledgedthatBrutushadthegoodoftherepublicinmind,Caesarwasneverthelessh issuperior.“Youhavetounderstand,”theexecutivessaid,“ourpolicyistoo beythechainofcommand.”Duringthelastfewyears,businessexecutivesandbookwriterslookingfo ranewwaytoadvisecorporateAmericahavebeenexploitingShakespeare’swisdo mforprofitableends.NonemoresothanhusbandandwifeteamKennethandCarolAde lman,well-knownadviserstotheWhiteHouse,whostartedupatrainingcompanycalled“Move rsandShakespeares”.TheyareamateurShakespearescholarsandShakespearelo vers,andtheyhavecombinedtheirpassionandtheirhighlevelcontactsintoaman agementtrainingbusiness.Theyconductbetween30and40workshopsannually,fo cusingonhalfadozendifferentplays,mostlyforcorporations,butalsoforgove rnmentagencies.Theworkshopsalltakethesameform,focusingonasingleplayasakindofca sestudy,andusingindividualscenesasspecificlessons.In JuliusCaesar,fore xample,Cassius’s slyprovocation（狡诈的挑唆）ofBrutustotakeuparmsagainstCaesarwasabasisforadiscussionofmethodsofte ambuildingandgrassrootsorganising.AlthoughneitheroftheAdelmansisacademicallytrainedinliterature,t heprogrammescontainplentyofShakespearetraditionandbackground.Theirwor kshopon HenryV,forexample,includesahelpfulexplanationofHenry’swinning strategyattheBattleofAgincourt.Buttheydocometothetextwithafew biases(偏向):theirreadingof HenryV minimizeshismisuseofpower.Instead,theyemphasi zethestoryoftheyouthwhoseizesopportunityandbecomesamasterfulleader.An dattheworkshoponCaesar,Mr.AdelmanshadlittlegoodtosayaboutBrutus,sayin g“thenoblestRomanofthemall”couldn’tmakehismindupaboutthings.Manyoftheparticipantspointedtoveryspecificelementsintheplaythat theyfelttoberelated.Caesar’spride,whichledtohismurder,andBrutus’smi stakesinleadingthe?traitorsafterthemurder,theysaid,raisevitalquestion sforanyoneservinginabusiness:whenandhowdoyouresisttheboss?73.Accordingtoparagraph1,whatdidalltheexecutivesthinkofBrutus?A.Cruel.B.Superior.C.Honorable.D.Rude74.Accordingtothepassage,theAdelmanssetup“MoversandShakespeares”to_ _______.A.helpexecutivestounderstandShakespeare’splaysbetterB.giveadviceonleadershipbyanalyzingShakespeare’splaysC.providecasestudiesofShakespeare’splaysinliteratur eworkshops?D.guidegovernmentagenciestofollowthecharactersinShakespeare’sp lays.75.WhydotheAdelmansconductaworkshopon HenryVA.Tohighlighttheimportanceofcatchingopportunities.B.Toencouragemasterfulleaderstoplanstrategiestowin.C.Toillustratetheharmofprejudicesinmanagement.D.Towarnexecutivesagainstpowermisuse.76.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat____.A.theAdelmans’programmeprovesbiasedastherolesofcharactersarema ximized.B.executivesfeelboredwithtoomanyspecificelementsofShakespeare’splays.C.theAdelmanswillmakemoreprofitsiftheyareprofessionalscholars.D.Shakespearehasplayedanimportantroleinthemanagementfield.77.Thebesttitleforthepassageis_____.A.Shakespeare’splays:ExecutivesreconsidercorporatecultureB.Shakespeare’splays:Anessentialkeytobusine sssuccessC.Shakespeare’splays:alessonforbusinessmotivationD.Shakespeare’splays:Dramatictrainingbringsdramaticresults SectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompleteth estatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.Youthsporthasthepotentialtoaccomplishthreeimportantobjectivesin children’sdevelopment.First,sportprogramsprovideyouthwithopportuniti estobephysicallyactive,whichcanleadtoimprovedphysicalhealth.Second,yo uth-sportprogramshavelongbeenconsideredimportanttoyouth’spsychosocialdev elopment,providingopportunitiestolearnimportantlifeskillssuchascooper ation,discipline,leadership,andself-control.Third,youthsportprogramsarecriticalforthelearningof motorskill s（运动技能）;thesemotorskillsserveasafoundationforfuturenationalsportstarsand recreationaladultsportparticipants.Whencoachersdevelopactivitiesforyo uthpracticesandwhensportorganizationsdesignyouth-sportprograms,theymustconsidertheimplicationofdeliberateplayanddelibe ratepractice.ResearchfromTelama(2006)statesthatregularparticipationindeliber ateplayordeliberatepracticeactivitiesduringchildhoodandyouth(agesnine toeighteen)increasesthelikelihoodofparticipationinsportsduringadulthoodbysixtimesforbothmalesandfemales.C?té(2002)definesdeliberateplayact ivitiesinsportasthosedesignedtomaximizeenjoyment.Theseactivitiesarere gulatedbyflexiblerulesadaptedfromstandardizedsportrulesandaresetupbyt hechildrenorbyaninvolvedadult.Childrentypicallychangerulestofindapoin twheretheirgameissimilartotheactualsportbutstillallowsforplayattheirl evel.Forexample,childrenmaychangesoccerandbasketballrulestosuittheirn eedsandenvironment(e.g.,inthestreet,onaplayingfieldorinsomeone’sback yard).Wheninvolvedindeliberateplayactivities,childrenarelessconcerned withtheoutcomeoftheirbehavior(whethertheywinorlose)thanwiththebehavio r(havingfun).Ontheotherhand,Ericsson(1993)suggeststhatthemosteffectivelearni ngoccursthroughinvolvementinhighlystructuredactivitiesdefinedasdelibe ratepractice.Deliberatepracticeactivitiesrequireeffort,producenoimmed iaterewards,andaremotivatedbythegoalofimprovingperformanceratherthant hegoalofenjoyment.Whenindividualsareinvolvedindeliberateplay,theyexpe rimentwithnewordifferentcombinationsofbehaviors,butnotnecessarilyinth emosteffectivewaytoimproveperformance.Incontrast,whenindividualsarein volvedindeliberatepractice,theyexhibitbehaviorfocusedonimprovingperfo rmancebythemosteffectivemeansavailable.Forexample,thebackhandskillsin tenniscouldbelearnedandimprovedovertimebyplayingmatchesorbycreatingfu npracticesituations.However,playerscouldmoreeffectivelyimprovetheirba ckhandperformancebypracticingdrillsthatmightbeconsideredlessenjoyable .Althoughthedrillsusedindeliberatepracticemightnotbethemostenjoyable, theymightbethemostrelevanttoimprovingperformance.(Note:AnswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinNOMORETHANTENWORDS) 78.Besidesthelearningofmotorskills,whataretheothertwoimportantobjecti vesofyouthsport?79.Ifchildrenparticipateindeliberateplayordeliberatepracticeactivitie s,theyaremorelikelyto________________.80.Indeliberateplayactivities,whatdochildrendotomaximizeenjoyment?81.Incontrasttodeliberateplay,deliberatepracticeisaimedat____________.第II卷（共47分）I.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiv eninthebrackets.1.美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。

上海英语高考卷及答案完整版

上海英语高考卷及答案完整版一、听力（共30分）Section A（110）1. What will the weather be like tomorrow?A. Sunny.B. Cloudy.C. Rainy.2. How much is the shirt?A. 200 yuan.B. 250 yuan.C. 300 yuan.3. Which sport does the man like best?A. Basketball.B. Football.C. Tennis.4. What time will the meeting start?A. At 8:30.B. At 9:00.C. At 9:30.5. Why did the woman miss the train?A. She got up late.B. She forgot the time.C. She was busy.Section B（1120）6. What does the man think of the movie?A. Boring.B. Exciting.C. Disappointing.7. Where will the speakers go for dinner?A. A restaurant.B. A café.C. A fast food restaurant.8. What is the relationship between the two speakers?A. Teacher and student.B. Doctor and patient.C. Boss and employee.9. Why is the woman late for the appointment?A. She got lost.B. She had a flat tire.C. She missed the bus.10. What is the man's hob?A. Reading.B. Painting.C. Playing the guitar.Section C（2130）1115. Listen to the conversation and choose the best answer.M: Hi, Lily, how was your vacation?W: It was great! I visited my grandparents in the countryside. The air was fresh and the scenery was beautiful.M: Did you do anything special?W: Yes, I helped my grandparents with farm work and picked a lot of fruits.M: Sounds interesting. Did you take any pictures?W: Yes, I took a lot of photos. I'll show you when we get back to school.1620. Listen to the passage and fill in the blanks.The Summer Palace is one of the most famous (16) ______in Beijing. It was built in the 18th century and was once the summer resort of the emperors. The palace is surrounded a beautiful lake and is known for its elegant (17) ______ and traditional Chinese architecture. Visitors can enjoy the beautiful scenery and learn about the history of the palace.2125. Listen to the short talk and answer the questions.What is the main purpose of the talk?A. To introduce a new product.B. To teach people how to save money.C. To encourage people to donate to charity.2630. Listen to the news report and answer the questions.What happened in the city last night?A. A fire broke out in a factory.B. A bomb exploded in a shopping mall.C. A traffic accident occurred on a busy street.二、阅读理解（共40分）Section A（3135）Passage 131. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The importance of the Internet in our lives.B. The drawbacks of the Internet.32. According to the passage, what is one of the most significant problems of the Internet?A. Cybersecurity.B. False information.C. Internet addiction.33. What is the author's attitude towards false information on the Internet?A. Indifferent.B. Concerned.C. Optimistic.Section B（3640）Passage 2The Great Wall is one of the most famous landmarks in China. It was built over two thousand years ago to protect the country from invasions. The wall stretches for more than 21,000 kilometers and is a symbol of Chinese culture and history.Every year, millions of tourists visit the Great Wall. They are amazed the wall's architectural beauty and the breathtaking views it offers. However, the large number of visitors has also caused some problems, such as environmental damage and overcrowding.To solve these problems, the Chinese government has implemented measures to protect the Great Wall and ensure a better experience for visitors. For example, they havelimited the number of visitors and improved facilities.36. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The history of the Great Wall.B. The problems caused tourists at the Great Wall.C一、听力答案Section A: 15 ACBBASection B: 610 CBCAASection C: 1115 ACBCA1620 scenic spots, gardens2125 A2630 A二、阅读理解答案Section A: 3133 BBASection B: 3640 C一、听力知识点1. 基础日常对话理解：考查学生对日常英语对话中信息捕捉的能力，如天气、价格、兴趣爱好等。

2015年上海高考英语试卷及答案(word-完整精校版)

2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试卷(已反复核对，希望最大限度保证准确）考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

2。

本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第I卷（第1—12页）和第II卷（第13页），全卷共13页。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写(非选择题）在答题纸上,做在试卷上一律不得分.3. 答题前,务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名.第I卷(共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said。

The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1。

A。

Impatient. B. Confused。

C。

Pleased. D. Regretful。

2。

A。

At a bus stop. B. At a laundry. C. At the dentist's。

D. At the chemist’s. 3。

A. An actor. B。

A salesman. C. A translator。

普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题 (上海卷)(含答案解析)

普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题（上海卷）（含答案解析）I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InsectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconv ersation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationandthequestionwillbespokenonly once.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,a nddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.W:Canyoudescribewhatyoudo?M:Iwashofficebuildingwindows.Igohighupinthebaskettoreachthewindows.Q:Whatistheman'sjob?A.Abasketballplayer.B.Alaundryworker.C.Awindowwasher.D.Arockclimber【答案】C.Awindowwasher.【解析】这是一道事实细节题。

从对话中可知，男士清洗办公楼的窗户。

所以选项为C，他是个窗户清洁工。

关键词句：Iwashofficebuildingwindows；toreachthewindow.2.M:Shouldwegooutoreatintonight?W:Iamtootiredtodoanycooking.Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?A.Sheisnothungry.B.Shewantstocook.C.Sheisnottired.D.Shewantstodineout.【答案】D.Shewantstodineout.【解析】这是一道推理题。

上海市高考英语试卷及答案(Word版)

绝密★启用前普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）英语试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟, 试卷满分150分。

2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第I卷（第1－12页）和第II卷（第13页），全卷共13页。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

答题前,务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上,在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。

第I卷(共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. It is satisfactory. B. It is luxurious.C. It is old-fashioned.D. It is disappointing.2. A. On August 5th. B. On August 6th. C. On August 7th. D. On August 8th.3. A. A waiter. B. A butcher. C. A porter. D. A farmer.4. A. In a theatre. B. In a library. C. In a booking office. D. In a furniture store.5. A. She expected to a better show. B. She could hardly find her seat.C. She wasn’t interested in the show.D. She didn’t get a favourable seat.6. A. The woman often eats out for breakfast. B. The cafeteria serves good breakfast.C. The woman doesn’t have breakfast.D. The cafeteria doesn’t serve breakfast.7. A. Selling cucumbers. B. Planting vegetables. C. Cooking a meal. D. Picking tomatoes.8. A. The man should work hard. B. The man should turn down the job offer.C. The man may have another chance.D. The man can apply for the job again.9. A. It is a hot and smoggy day. B. There is a traffic jam on King Street.C. A vehicle is polluting the air.D. The man is reading a report online.10. A. Its ending is not good enough. B. Its special effects are not satisfying.C. It deserves an award.D. It is good except for the scary part.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. $1. B. $2 C. $3 D. $ 52.12. A. Pay the bills first.B. Spend 2% of the salary on living expenses.C. Deposit $1000 every month.D. Put part of the money in a savings account.13. A. Methods of saving money.B. Saving money for family emergencies.C. The importance of saving money.D. Secrets of spending money wisely.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Free education.B. A sum of money.C. Donations from a local newspaper.D. Gifts from many people.15. A. Let students in before school.B. Offer ice cream and coffee.C. Introduce a bank into the campus.D. Reduce the traffic jams around.16. A. It lacks positive news.B. It should grow into a big city.C. It is a place worth living in.D. It remains peaceful and quiet.Section CDirections: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Class Diary (June 13-19)Blank 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form. of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Bags of LoveLast year, I was assigned to work at an office near my mother’s house, so I stayed with her for a month. During that time, I helped out with the housework and contributed to the groceries.After less than a week, I started noticing that the groceries were running out pretty quickly —we were always suddenly out of something. (25)_______(wonder) how my mum could consume them so quickly, I began observing her daily routine for two weeks. To my surprise, I found that she would pack a paper bag full of canned goods and head out every morning at about nine. Eventually, I decided to follow her and (26)_______ happened truly amazed me. She was taking the food to the refugee camp, in (27)______ she distributed it to children.I asked around and found out that my mum was very well known in the area. The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she were their own mother. Then it hit me —shy would she mot want to tell me about what she (28)_____(do)? Was she worried about how I would react or that I would stop (29)_____(buy) the groceries if I found out?When she got home, I told her about my discovery. (30)_____ she could react, I gave her a big hug and told her she didn’t need to keep it a secret (31)______ me. She told me that some of the children lived with an older lady in a shelter while others slept on the streets. For years, my mum has been helping out by giving them whatever food she could spare. I was so impressed by (32)_____ selfless she was.(B)Stress: Good or Bad?Stress used to be an almost unknown word, but now that we are used to talking about it, I have found that people are beginning to get stressed about being stressed.In recent years, stress(33)______(regard) as a cause of a whole range of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness. But like so many other things, it is only too much stress(34)______ does you harm. It is time you considered that if there were no stress in your life, you would achieve a little. If you are stuck at home with no stress, then your level of performance will be low. Up to a certain point, the more stress youare under, the (35)_____(good) your performance will be. Beyond a certain point, though , further stress will only lead to exhaustion, illness and finally a breakdown. You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope, by asking yourself (36)_______ number of questions. Do you, for instance, feel that too much is being expected of (37)______, and yet find it impossible to say no? Do you find yourself getting impatient of (38) _____(annoy) with people over unimportant things?... If the answer to all those questions is yes, you had better(39)______(control ) your stress, as you probably are under more stress than is good for you.To some extent you can control the amount of stress in your life. Doctors have worked out a chart showing how much stress is involved in various events. Getting married is 50, pregnancy 40, moving house 20, Christmas 12,etc. If the total stress in your life is over 150, you are twice as likely (40)_______ (get )ill. Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Golden Rules of Good DesignWhat makes good design? Over the years, designers and artists have been trying to 41 the essentials of good design. They have found that some sayings can help people understand the ideas of good design. There are four as follows.Less is more. This saying is associated with the German-born architect Mies van der Rohe. In his Modernist view, beauty lies in simplicity and elegance, and the aim of the designer is to create solutions to problems through the most efficient means. Design should avoid unnecessary 42 More is not a bore. The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly,the result is 43 design. Post-Modernist designers began to 44 with decoration and color again. Product design was heavily influenced by this view and can be seen in kitchen 45 such as ovens and kettles.Fitness for purpose. Successful product design takes into consideration a product’s function, purpose, shape, form, color, and so on. The most important result for the user is that the product does what is 46 . For example, think of a(n) 47 desk lamp. It needs to be constructed from materials that will stand the heat of the lamp and regular adjustments by the user. It also needs to be stable. Most importantly, it needs to 48 light where it is needed.From follows emotion. This phrase is associated with the German designer Hartmut Esslinger. He believes design must take into 49 the sensory side of our nature—sight, smell, touch and taste. These are as important as rational(理性的) thinking. When choosing everyday products such as toothpaste, we appreciate a cool-looking device that allows us to easily 50 the toothpaste onto our brush.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In the 1960s, Douglas McGregor, one of the key thinkers in the art of management, developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X is the idea that people instinctively 51 work and will do anything to avoid it. Theory Y is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work.In any case, despite so much evidence to the 52 , many managers still agree to Theory X. They believe, 53 , that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively, or that decisions must be imposed from 54 without consultation. This, of course, makes for authoritarian (专制的) managers.Different cultures have different ways of 55 people. Unlike authoritarian management, somecultures, particularly in Asia, are well known for the consultative nature of decision-making—all members of the department or work group are asked to 56 to this process. This is management by the collective opinion. Many western companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things, which are based on general 57 . Some experts say that women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach common goals in a way that traditional 58 managers cannot.A recent trend has been to encourage employees to use their own initiative, to make decisions on their own without 59 managers first. This empowerment(授权) has been part of the trend towards downsizing: 60 the number of management layers in companies. After de-layering in this way, a company may be 61 with just a top level of senior managers, front-line managers and employees with direct contact with the public. Empowerment takes the idea of delegation (委托) much further than has 62 been the case. Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control to 63 that the overall business plan is being followed, and that operations become more profitable under the new organization, rather than less.Another trend is off-site or 64 management, where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses. Project managers evaluate the 65 of the team members in terms of what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them.51. A. desire B. seek C. lose D. dislike52. A. contrary B. expectation C. degree D. extreme53. A. vice versa B. for example C. however D. otherwise54. A. outside B. inside C. below D. above55. A. replacing B. assessing C. managing D. encouraging56. A. refer B. contribute C. object D. apply57. A. agreement B. practice C. election D. impression58. A. bossy B. experienced C. western D. male59. A. asking B. training C. warning D. firing60. A. doubling B. maintaining C. reducing D. estimating61. A. honoured B. left C. crowded D. compared62. A. economically B. traditionally C. inadequately D. occasionally63. A. deny B. admit C. assume D. ensure64. A. virtual B. ineffective C. day-to-day D. on-the-scene65. A. opinion B. risk C. performance D. attractivenessSection BDirection：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished sattments. For each of them there are four choices markedA, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)One early morning, I went into the living room to find my mother reading a thick book called Best Loved Poems to Read Again and Again. My interest was aroused only by the fact that the word “Poems”appeared in big, hot pink letters.“Is it good?”I asked her.“Yeah,”she answered. “There’s one I really like and you’ll like it, too.”I leaned forward.“‘Patty Poem,’”she read the title. Who is Patty? I wondered. The poem began:She never puts her toys away,Just leaves them scattered①where they lay,…①散乱的The poem was just three short sections. The final one came quickly:When she grows and gathers poise②, ②稳重I’ll miss her harum-scarum③noise, ③莽撞的And look in vain④for scattered toys. ④徒劳地And I’ll be sad.A terrible sorrow washed over me. Whoever Patty was, she was a mean girl. Then, the shock.“It’s you, honey,”My mother said sadly.To my mother, the poem revealed a parent’s affection when her child grows up and leaves. To me, the “she”in the poem was horror. It was my mama who would be sad. It was so terrible I burst out crying. “What’s wrong?”my mother asked.“Oh Mama,”I cried. “I don’t want to grow up ever!”She smiled. “Honey, it’s okay. You’re not growing up anytime soon. And when you do, I’ll still love you, okay?”“Okay,”I was still weeping. My panic has gone. But I could not help thinking about that silly poem. After what seemed like a safe amount of time, I read the poem again and was confused. It all fit so well together, like a puzzle. The language was simple, so simple I could plainly understand its meaning, yet it was still beautiful. I was now fascinated by the idea of poetry, words that had the power to make or break a person’s world.I have since fallen in love with other poems, but “Patty Poem”remains my poem. After all, “Patty Poem”gave me my love for poetry not because it was the poem that lifted my spirits, but because it was the one that hurt me the most.66. Why was the writer attracted by the book Best Loved Poems to Read Again and Again?A. It was a thick enough book.B. Something on its cover caught her eye.C. Her mother was reading it with interest.D. It has a meaningful title.67. After her mother read the poem to her, the writer felt ______ at first.A. sadB. excitedC. horrifiedD. confused68. The writer’s mother liked to read “Patty Poem”probably because______.A. it reflected her own childhoodB. it was written in simple languageC. it was composed by a famous poetD. it gave her a hint of what would happen69. It can be concluded from the passage that“Patty Poem”leads the writer to _______.A. discover the power of poetryB. recognize her love for puzzlesC. find her eagerness to grow upD. experience great homesickness（B）Is there link between humans and climate change or not? This question was first studied in the early 1900s. Since then, many scientists have thought that our actions do make adifference. In 1997, the Kyoto Protocol explained our role in the Earth’s changingatmosphere and set international limits for gas emissions(排放) from 2008 to 2012. Somecountries have decided to continue these reductions until 2020. More recently, the ParisAgreement, stuck by nearly 200 countries, also aims to limit global warming. But just nowhow much warmer it will get depends on how deeply countries cut carbon emissions.3.5℃This is how much temperatures would rise by 2100 even if nations live up to the initial Parispromises to reduce carbon emissions; this rise could still put coastal cities under water anddrive over half of all species to extinction.2℃To meet this minimum goal, the Agreement requires countries to tighten emissions targets every five years. Even this increase could sink some islands, worse drought(干旱) and drive a decline of up to a third in the number of species.1.5℃This is the most ambitious goal for temperature rise set by the Paris Agreement, after a push by low-lying island nations like Kiribati, which say limiting temperature rise to 1.5℃could save them from sinking.0.8℃This is how much temperatures have risen since the industrial age began, putting us 40% of the way to the 2℃point.0℃The baseline here is average global temperature before the start of the industrial age.70. It can be concluded from paragraph 1 that _______.A. the problem of global warming will have been quite solved by 2020B. gas emissions have been effectively reduced in developed countriesC. the Paris Agreements is more influential than the Kyoto ProtocolD. humans have made continuous efforts to slow down global warming71. If nations could only keep the initial promises of the Paris Agreement, what would happen by the year 2100?A. The human population would increase by one third.B. Little over 50% of all species would still exist.C. Nations would not need to tighten their emissions targets.D. The Agreement’s minimum goal would not be reached.72. If those island nations not far above sea level are to survive, the maximum temperature rise, since the start of the industrial age, should be_______.A. 0.8℃B. 1.5℃C. 2℃D. 3.5℃(C)Enough “meaningless drivel”. That’s the message from a group of members of the UK government who have been examining how social media firms like LinkedIn gather and use social media data.The House of Commons Science and Technology Committee’s report, released last week, has blamed firms for making people sign up to long incomprehensible legal contracts and calls for an international standard or kitemark (认证标记) to identify sites that have clear terms and conditions.“The term and conditions statement that we all carelessly agree to is meaningless drivel to anyone,”says Andrew Miller, the chair of the committee. Instead, he says, firms should provide a plain-English versionof their terms. The simplified version would be checked by a third party and awarded a kitemark if it is an accurate reflection of the original.It is not yet clear who would administer the scheme, but the UK government is looking at introducing it on a voluntary basis. “we need to think through how we make that work in practice,”says Miller.Would we pay any more attention to a kitemark? “I think if you went and did the survey, people would like to think they would,”says Nigel Shadbolt at the University of Southampton, UK, who studies open data. “We do know people worry a lot about the inappropriate use of their information.”But what would happen in practice is another matter, he says.Other organisations such as banks ask customers to sign long contracts they may not read or understand, but Miller believes social media requires special attention because it is so new. “We still don’t know how significant the long-term impact is going to be of unwise things that kids put on social media that come back and bite them in 20 years’time,”he says.Shadbolt, who gave evidence to the committee, says the problem is that we don’t know how companies will use our data because their business models and uses of data are still evolving. Large collections of personal information have become valuable only recently, he says.The shock and anger when a social media firm does something with data that people don’t expect, even if users have apparently permission, show that the current situation isn’t working. If properly administered, a kitemark on terms and conditions could help people know what exactly they are signing up to. Although they would still have to actually read them.73. What does the phrase “meaningless drivel”in paragraphs 1 and 3 refer to?A. Legal contracts that social media firms make people sign up to.B. Warnings from the UK government against unsafe websites.C. Guidelines on how to use social media websites properly.D. Insignificant data collected by social media firms.74. It can be inferred from the passage that Nigel Shadbolt doubts whether _______.A. social media firms would conduct a survey on the kitemark schemeB. people would pay as much attention to a kitemark as they thinkC. a kitemark scheme would be workable on a nationwide scaleD. the kitemark would help companies develop their business models75. Andrew Miller thinks social media needs more attention than banks mainly because _______.A. their users consist largely of kids under 20 years oldB. the language in their contracts is usually harder to understandC. the information they collected could become more valuable in futureD. it remains unknown how users’data will be taken advantage of76. The writer advises users of social media to _______.A. think carefully before posting anything onto such websitesB. read the terms and conditions even if there is a kitemarkC. take no further action if they can find a kitemarkD. avoid providing too much personal information77. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A. Say no to social media?B. New security rules in operation?C. Accept without reading?D. Administration matters!Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Walking will be banned on escalators as part of a trail designed to reduce congestion(拥堵) at some of the country’s busiest stations.In the first move of its kind, all travelers will be forced to stand on both sides of escalators on the London Underground as part of a plan to increase capacity(容量) at the height of the rush hour.A six-month trial will be introduced at Holborn station from mid-April, eliminating the rule of standing on the right and walking on the left. The move, imitating a similar structure in Far Eastern cities such as Hong Kong, is designed to increase the number of people using long escalators at the busiest times . it could be expanded across the Tube network in coming years.According to London Underground, only 40 percent of travelers walk the full length of long escalators, leaving the majority at the bottom as they wait to get on to the “standing “side.A three-week trial at Holborn last year found that the number of people using escalators at any one time of could be raised by almost a third. Peter McNaught, operations director at London Underground, said: “It may not seem right that you can go quicker by standing still, but our experiments at Holborn have proved that it can be true. This new six-month trial will help us find out if we can influence customers to stand on both sides in the long term.”Holborn has one of the longest sets of escalators on the Underground network at 23.4 high. Tube bosses claim that capacity was limited because so few people wanted to walk up—meaning only one side was used at all times. Research has shown that it is more effective use of escalators over 18.5 to ban walking.The previous trial found that escalators at the station normally carried 2,500 people between 8:30am and 9:30am on a typical day, rising to 3,250 during the researching period.In the new trial, which will be launched from April 18, one of three “up”escalators will be standing only, with a second banning walking at peak times. A third will remain a mix of walking and standing.(Note: Answering the questions the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. What is the existing problem with standing on the right and walking on the left?79. What did last year’s three-week trial at Holborn station prove?80.The research suggests that walking should be forbidden on escalators that are at least _________ in height.81. In the new trail, in addition to one escalator banning walking in rush hours, the other “up”escalators will be used for_________________.第II卷(共47分)I.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.我真希望自己的文章有朝一日能见报。

(上海卷)2019年春季全国高考完形填空(含答案)(Word精校版)

（上海卷）2019 年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语完形填空部分III. Reading ComprehensionSection A（15分）Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the work or phrase that best fits the context.More people are travelling than ever before, and lower barriers to entry and falling costs means they are doing so for 41 periods.The rise of “city breaks” 48-hour bursts of foreign cultures, easier on the pocket and annual leave balance has increased tourist numbers, but not their 42 spread. The same attractions have been used to market cities such as Paris, Barcelona and Venice for decades, and visitors use the same infrastructure as residents to reach them. “Too many people d o the same thing at the exact same time,” says Font. “For43 ,the city no longer belongs to them.”This starts with marketing, says Font, who notes that Amsterdam has started advising visitors to seek 44 outside of the city centre on its official website. “That takes some balls, really, to do that. But only so many people will look at the website, and it means they can say to their residents they’re doing all they can to ease congestion.”But it also 45 a better way, it is called “detourism” :sustainable travel tips an 46 itineraries for exploring an authentic Venice, off the paths beaten by the 28 million visitors who flock there each year.A greater variety of 47 for prospective visitors ---- ideas for what to do in off-peak seasons, for example, or outside of the city center----can have the effect of diverting them from already saturated landmarks, or 48 short breaks away in the first place. Longer stays 49 the pressure, says Font. “If you go to Paris for two days, you’re going to go to the Eiffel Tower. If you go for two weeks, you’re not going to go to the Eiffel Tower 14 times.”Similarly, repeat visitors have a better sense of the 50 , “We should be asking how we get tourists to 51 ,not how to get them to come for the first time. If they ‘re coming for the fifth time, it is much easier to integrate their behavior with ours.”Local governments can foster this sustainable activity by giving preference to responsible operator and even high-paying consumers. Font says cities could stand to be more selective about the tourists they try to attract when the current metric for marketing success is how many there are, and how far they’ve come. “You’re thinking, ‘yeah but at what cost...’”He points to unpublished data from the Barcelona Tourist Board that prioritizes Japanese tourists for spending an average of 640 more per day than French tourist as a(n) 52 that fails totake into account their bigger carbon footprint. 53 tourists are also more likely to be repeat visitors that come at off-peak times, buy local produce, an 54 to less crowded parts of the city---all productive steps towards more 55 tourism, and more peaceful relations with residents.41. A. longer B. shorter C. wider D. clearer42. A. environmental B. national C. economic D. geographic43. A. locals B. tourists C. visitors D. cleaners44. A. transports B. accommodation C. restaurants D. service45. A. addresses B. paves C. proposes D. receives46. A. separate B. individual C. alternative D. objective47. A. reform B. guidance C. invitation D. support48. A. convincing B. discouraging C. preventing D. resisting49. A. pace B. escape C. withstand D. ease50. A. culture B. knowledge C. entertainment D. ability51. A. take over B. bring up C. come back D. lay off52. A. distinction B. harmony C. association D. comparison53. A. French B. Italian C. Spanish D. German54. A. carry out B. give into C. spread out D. impact on55. A. slight B. complex C. temporary D. sustainableIII. Reading ComprehensionSection A参考答案：41-55 BDABC CBBDA ADACD。

2020年上海高考英语试题(精校版)

普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.In the presence of animalsA professor of public health at UCLA says that pet ownership might provide a new form of health care. As far back as the 1790s, the elderly at a senior citizens’ home in England 21 (encourage) to spend time with farm animals. This would help patients’ mental state more than the cruel therapies 22_______ (use) on the mentally ill at the time. In recent years, scientists have finally begun to find proofs 23 contact with animals to increase a sick person’s chance of survival and ha ve shown 24 (lower) heart rate, calm upset children, and get people to start a conversation.Scientists think t hat animals’companionship is beneficial 25 animals are accepting and attentive, and they don’t cri ticize or give orders. Animals have the unique ability to be more social. For example, visitors to nursing homes get more social responses from patients when they come with animal companions.Not only do people seem 26 (anxious) when animals are nearby, but they may also live longer. Studies show that a year 27 heart surgery, survival rates for heart patients were higher for those with pets in their homes than those without pets. Elderly people with pets make fewer trips to doctors than those without animal companions, possibly because animals relieve loneliness. Staying with animals is believed to create a peaceful state of mind, 28 (result) in a favorable environment for everyone.Research confirms that the findings concerning senior citizens can be applied to restless children. They are more easy-going when there are animals around, with 29 company they tend to calm down more easily. They involve 30 in playing with animals and the presence of animals conforms them greatly.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used onlyThe iPhone X, Apple’s new s mart phone, is equipped with facial recognition. 31 , its scanner can unlock the system. It requires no buttons to be pressed, being always ready to read yourface. Android users can expect similar 32 as well.For the millions of people who will soon depend on facial recognition to check their email, send a text or make a call, it will be quick, easy and pretty “cool” to use. However, as we grow 33 to the technology, we cannot become numb to the problems that come with it.Facial recognition is already used everywhere. In China, police use the technology to identify people who jaywalk (乱穿马路). In the United State, more than half of all adults are in a facial recognition database that can be used for criminal investigation. Governments, however, are not the only users of facial recognition. Retailers (零售商) use the technology in their stores to identify 34 shoplifters. One social media app in Russia allows strangers to find out who you are just by taking a photo of you.However, different users of facial recognition produce different levels of accuracy. Camera distance, lighting, facial pose all affect the accuracy. Officials at the New York Police Department, for example, have 35 at least five misidentifications by their facial recognition system. If the iPhone’s new system is similarly 36 , no one will consider it to be acceptable security for our personal information. 37 , it probably won’t be. But for many of the systems elsewhere, mistakes and 38 of privacy might be unavoidable.As the smart phone of choice for many users, the iPhone’s 39 of facial recognition may encourage consumers to accept the technology elsewhere. However, even as we choose to explore the convenience facial recognition might offer, we should also be suspicious of the many ways it can be used. Facial recognition may well be 40 . Its risks need not be!III. Reading Comprehension (45%)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Famous people often say that the key to becoming both happy and successful is t o “do what you love.” But mastering a skill, even one t hat you deeply love, 41 a huge amount of dull work. Anyone who want to master a skill must run through the cycle of practice, 42 feedback, modification, and increasing improvement again, again and again. Some people seem able to concentrate on practicing an activity like this for years and take pleasure in their gradual improvement. Yet others find this kind of focused, time-intensive work to be 43 or boring. Why?The difference may turn on the ability to enter into a state of “f low,”the feeling of being completely 44 in what you are doing. Whether you call it being “in the zone,” or something else, a flow state is a special experience. Since Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi developed the 45 of flow in the 1970’s, it has been a mainstay of positive-psychology research. Flow states can happen in the course of any activity, and they are most common when a task has well-defined goals and is at a(n) 46 skill level, and where the individual is able to 47 their performance to clear and immediate feedback.Csikszentmihalyi suggested that those who most 48 entered into flow states had an “auto telic personality (自带目的性人格)” a disposition to seek out challenges and get into a state of flow. While those without such a personality see difficulties, autotelic individuals see opportunities to build skills. Autotelic individuals are receptive and open to new challenges. They are also 49 and have low levels of self-centeredness. Such people, with their capacity for “disinterested int ere st” have a great50 over others in developing their innate abilities.Fortunately for those of us who aren’t 51 blessed with an autotelic personalily, there is evidence that flow states can be 52 by environmental factors. 53 , the learning framework prescribed by Montessori schools seems to encourage flow states.While there isn’t (yet) a pill that can turn mundane practice into a thrilling activity for anyone, it is heartening that we seem, at least to some 54 , to be able to nudge ourselves toward flow states. By giving ourselves unstructured, open-ended time, minimal 55 , and a task set at a moderate level of difficulty, we may be able to love what we’re doing while we put in the hard work practicing the things we loving doing.41. A. inquires B. requires C. acquires D. gains42. A. preventable B. maintainable C. sustainable D. critical43. A. frustrating B. encouraging C. concerning D. instructing44. A. improved B. indicated C. involved D. inspired45. A. concept B. receipt C. reception D. condition46. A. alternative B. appropriate C. approximate D. sufficient47. A. make B. adopt C. adapt D. adjust48. A. fully B. really C. readily D. accidentally49. A. generous B. persistent C. courageous D. resistant50. A. addict B. advance C. advantage D. admire51. A. necessarily B. obviously C. gradually D. occasionally52. A. forbidden B. functioned C. fastened D. facilitated53. A. In particular B. For example C. In conclusion D.In comparison54. A. intention B. degree C. purpose D. extension55. A. temptation B. charming C. attractions D. distractions Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)The adaptation of books to the big screen is nothing new to our society. Books have become well-respected tools for creating a better Hollywood. However, films should be just as respected for their ability to create better writers.The main skill films help writers develop is attention to progress. Most directors and screenwriters know that the majority of people are not willing to sit through a five-hour film. Thus, every scene must have a purpose. This is a vital objective to keep in mind when writing a novel or short story. With most writing courses placing emphasis on literary techniques, it is easy to become more invested in diction than with actually moving the plot forward. Films remind the writer that while a novel ought to have some degree of literary complexity, the goal at the end of each chapter, page, or sentence is simple: keep the story moving. Films not only help writers develop a plot, but also help writers develop specific moments within their stories. Although writing a means of expression, not all things are easy to express in writing, especially facial expressions and emotions. Films allow writers to study the bodily and emotional actions that make characters read more realistically and make stories more tempting.Lastly, sometimes it takes a film to bring about a story idea in the first place. Stop using a horribly specific or extremely uninteresting prompt. A pleasing theme or aesthetic can be enough to inspire a character or setting. As writers, whether fiction or independent, our works often arise from the things we see around us or the things we wish we could see. Nonetheless, our works also arise from the visuals that have been created for us. As literature continues to enter the film industry, perhaps we should make use of film techniques in our literature.56. Reminded by films, a writer can move the plot forward by .A. keeping in mind that every word should mean something.B. providing a description of as many details as possible.C. paying attention to further enhancing literary complexity.D. choosing the perfect word to go with his/her thought.57. According to the postage, films help writers develop in many aspects except .A. getting an improved expressivenessB. focusing on keeping the story moving.C. complicating their thinking and life.D. bringing in inspiration for new works.58. The word “prompt” (paragraph 4) probably means .A. a reason to write.B. a topic to start from.C. an excuse to put off working.D. an element to attract relationship.59. Which of the following statement s best represents the author’s thoughts in this passage?A. book writers are the ones promoting the growth of the film industry.B. directors and screenwriters are more respected than fiction writers.C. writers should spend more time on wording rather than on other things.D. filmmaking technique could help book writers to improve themselves.(B)American AirlinesDate of Issue: 233 JAN 10Ping Luo:Thank you for choosing American Airlines/American Eagle, a member of the one world TM Alliance. Below is your journey plan for the ticket(s) purchased. Please print and keep possession of this document for use throughout your trip.Record locator: HPMDLHYou may check in and obtain your boarding pass for U.S. domestic electronic tickets within 24 hours of your flight time online at AA. Come by using / checkin or at a Self-Service Check-In machine at the airport. For faster check-in at the airport, scan the barcode at any AA Self-Service machine.Effective February 1, American Airlines will be cashless onboard all flights. For in-flight purchases, we will accept Citi○R/A Advantage○R MasterCard○R and other major credit or debit cards only. Cashless cabins will not be implemented onboard American Eagle and American Connection flights …only cash will continue to be accepted onboard those flights.60. The above document serves as _______.A. evidence of booked tickets.B. explanations of check-in policies.C. a reminder of airline regulations.D. an airline ticket and its confirmation.61. During his journey, Ping Luo will .A. fly non-stop to his destination.B. arrive in Chicago in the late afternoon of the same day.C. have to stay at CHICAGO OHARE airport for two hours.D. reach his final destination on the next day.62. According to the document, in order to check in at the airport faster, a passenger may .A. arrive at the airport far ahead of time.B. choose the seat in advance.C. use a self-service machine.D. contact the record locator online.(C)There are classes for the mothers of babies, but there’s no helping with your mum and dadgrowing old.Old people’s wards are hell for old people. G eriatric wards are bedlam and bonkers. A toothless woman screaming when left alone, a cry that reaches the high hospital ceiling. A woman effing and blinding —the polite curtain will not protect her from the indignity of a happy change. A woman who lives the same moment in repeat, dressed up for going home in a bright red, over the dressing grown, asking for the key to her house, saying over and over: “Am I going home today?”And though my mum, by the time she was released, knew that her life was charmed compared with the lives of t he world’s refugees. It seems to me as if the plight (困境) of old people, while not as horrible as the plight of refugees, shares some of the horror. Just as we live in a society that hasn’t caught up with technology, the kind of moral choices it gives people, we also live in a world t hat hasn’t kept up with its ageing population. We have the advances in medical science and technology that have kept people alive longer, but not the advances in how to treat our ageing population. Society is lagging behind the old, failing and falling.There are certain small but piercing similarities between the treatment of the old and the treatment of refugees. The old are often displaced from their homes, moved out against their will; decisions are often made for them that they have no say over. Often, they are treated as fools or halfwits, crowded together in one place, given clothes that don’t belong to them, treated as a fallen tribe, incapable of any individuality. Nobody imagined my mother was a secretary of the Scottish peace movement, a primary teacher, a lifelong socialist, a witty woman. Out of hospital, my 85-year-old mum said: “going into hospital at my age puts years on you. God save from old people’s wards. You never think of yourself as old. You look across t he ward and think, am I like t hat?”63. The treatment of the old is compared of that of the refugees in order to .A. prove they have a lot in commonB. show the terrible status of the oldC. display their similarities and differencesD. indicate that old people have to leave their home64. What can be interred from the passage?A. Refugees lead a better life than old male patients.B. Old people are ill-treated due to their loss of individuality.C. T he author’s mom is capable of teaching and being a socialist in the meanwhile.D. T he treatment of the ageing population doesn’t develop as science advances.65. T he author’s mom felt that life in the hospital .A. made her much older.B. created her a mature woman.C. enable her to look back at life.D. let her full of gratitude to children.66. The passage mainly discussed .A. the life of refugees and old people.B. social responsibility to old women.C. improper treatment of old people.D. preparing for ageing parents.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.What would happen if the world suddenly went vegetarian?People become vegetarians for a variety of reasons. Some do it to make animal suffering, others because they want to pursue a healthier lifestyle. Still others are fans of sustainability or wish to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. 67 And the more who make the switch, the more those perks would manifest on a global scale.Jarvis and other experts at Colombia’s Inte rnational Centre for Tropical Agriculture carried out researches to see what might happen if meat dropped off the planet’s menu overnight.First they examined climate change. Food production accounts for one-quarter to one-third of all greenhouse gas emissions from human activities worldwide, and the worst of responsibility for those numbers falls to the livestock industry. 68 In the US, for example, an average family of four emits more greenhouse gases because of the meat they eat than from driving two cars but it is cars, not steaks, that regularly come up in discussions about global warming.69 Of the world’s approximately 12 billion acres of agricul tural land, 68% is used for livestock. Should we all go vegetarian, ideally we would give at least 80% of that pastureland (牧场) to the restoration of grasslands and forests, which would capture carbon and further alleviate climate change.The remaining 10 to 20% of former pastureland could be used for growing more crops to fill gaps in the food supply. 70 That’s because one-third of the land currently used for crops is dedicated to producing food for livestock not for humans.Summary Writing:Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Learning by Rote in the Digital AgeRote learning has become seen as an outdated method of teaching. The dictionary defines learning ‘by rote’ a s: ‘from memory, without thought of the meaning: in a mechanical way’.The decline of rote learning has been quickened by technology. No one needs to memorizefriends’ phone numbers or email addresses because such data is c onveniently stored and accessible electronically. And why remember when and where World War Two broke out when you can find the answer on the Internet in about 6 seconds? But now there are voices for a need to return to rote learning.In fact, memorizing key data is essential to learning any skill. Doctoring requires knowledge of medicine and lawyering requires knowledge of cases and laws. Of course, being able to recall things will not further your understanding of those things, but without memorizing these foundation elements, you cannot progress to a deeper understanding of a subject.While the Internet and computers have weakened the need for us 10 remember things, it may well be that mobile learning can help bring this style of learning back to life by making it more convenient and more fun.Drilling yourself with flashcards or by repetition is usually hard and boring work, which is why most people need their multiplication tables to be drilled into them by teachers or parents. Rote learning without a willing third party can be a battle of discipline and motivation. But mobile learning can make those flashcards and drills more appropriate to individual study; our digital devices can challenge and inform us at the same time and also keep us motivated, whether through game-like structures or recording our progress.Once you’ve acquired the e ssentials of a subject by rote learning, you will find it easier to go deeper in the application of knowledge which is important.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 李雷宁愿受罚也不愿说谎。

高考真题英语上海卷含解析完整版

高考真题英语上海卷含解析Document serial number【NL89WT-NY98YT-NC8CB-NNUUT-NUT108】2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）英语考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1-12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13页），全卷共13页。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（填空题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。

第Ⅰ卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In section A, you will hear ten short conversationsbetween two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a questionwill be asked about what was said. The conversation and the questionwill be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and thequestion about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, anddecide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.. impatient B. confused C. pleased D. regretful2. A. at a bus stopB. at a laundryC. at the dentist’s D. at the chemi3. A. An actor B. A salesman C. A translator D. A writer4. A. He lost his classmate’s homework.B. He can’t help the woman with her math.C. He broke the woman’s calculator.D. He doesn’t know where the “on” button is.5. A. The woman should go to another counter.B. The woman gives the man so many choices.C. The man dislike the sandwiches offered there.D. The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.6. A. She has no idea where to find the man’s exam result.B. She isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.C. Dr. White hasn’t finish grading the papers.D. Dr. White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.7. A. Move to a neat dormitory B. Find a person to share their apartmentC. Clean the room with the roommateD. Write an article about their roommate8. A. Bob won’t take her adviceB. Bob doesn’t want to go abroadC. She doesn’t think Bob should study o verseasD. She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went aboard9. A. The snack bar isn’t usually so empty. B. Dessert is served in the snack bar.C. The snack bar is near the library.D. Snacksaren’t allowed in the library.10. A. Take her bicycle to the repair shop. B. Leave her bicycle outside.C. Clean the garage after the rain stops.D.Check if the garage is dry.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper anddecide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It helps care for customers’ dogs.B. You have to buy food for dogs.C. None of the dogs are caged.D. There is a dog named Princess.12. A. She likes the food there.B. She enjoys the fun with a pet.C. She can have free coffee.D. She doesn’t like to be alone.13. A. A new kind of cafe.B. A new brand of cafe.C. A new home for pets.D. A new way to raise pets.Question 14 through 16 are based on the following passages.14. A. A trend that high achievers are given a lower salary.B. A view that life quality is more important than pay.C. A dream of the young for fast-paced jobs.D. A new term created by high achievers.15. A. 10% B. 12% C. 6%D. 7%16. A. People are less satisfied with their lives.B. The financial investment may increase.C. Well-paid jobs are not easy to find.D. Unexpected problems may arise.Section CDirections: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form. of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy. The first parking space I found was convenient, but I'd noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a while. (25) _____ I was in a good mood, I let her have it. On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot—it was a tight fit.Pretty soon I'd made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air. Feeling good, I (26) _____(empty) my purse change into the hands of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park（倒车）.Just as I approached my car, 1 saw the woman I'd let have my car space earlier. She was giving me (27) _____ odd look—half puzzled, half intent (热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I squeezed back into my car, I spotted the same lady (28) _____ (look)in at me. "Hello," she said, hesitantly. "This (29) _____ sound crazy but I was on my way to drop some of my mother's things off at the charity bins.” You are just so much (30) _____ her.” You helped those people, I noticed, and you seemed so happy.” She lo oked at me meaningfully and passed a box in through the window. “I think she would like you to have it.” (31) _____ (shock), I took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause, I opened the box. Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl. It was (32) _____ (nice) gift I'd ever received, and it was from a complete stranger. The necklace was around my neck, a warm reminder of human kindness.(B)Ask helpful HannahDear helpful Hannah,I’ve got a problem with my husband, Sam. He bought a smart phone a couple of months ago and he took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado, it was a great trip except for one problem. He has a constant urge (33) for next messages; he checks his phone every five minutes! He’s so addicted to it that he just can’t stand the idea (34) there may be an important text. He can’t help checking even at inappropriate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him! He behaves (35) any small amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone even when he know he shouldn’t. The temptation to see (36) is connecting him is just too great. When I ask him to put down the phone and stop (37) (ignore) me, he say, “In a minute.” but still checks to see if (38) has posted something new on the Internet. Our life (39) (interrupted). If we go somewhere and I ask him to have the phone at home, he suffers from withdrawalsymptom. May this dependency on his smart phone has become more thanan everyday problem.I recently read an article about “nomophobia,” (40) is areal illness people can’t suffer from the fear of being without yourphone! I am worried that Sam maybe suffering from this illnessbecause he feels anxious if he doesn’t have his phone with him, evenfor a short time.Who would have thought that little devices like these could havebrought so much trouble!Sick and Tired SadieSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in thebox. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one wordmore than you need.Considering how much time people spend in effects, it isimportant that with A be well designed. Well-designed office spaceshelp create a corporation’s image. They motivate workers and theymake an impression on people who visit and might be potential, or41 , customers. They make business work better, and they are apart of the corporate culture to live in.As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one, office designers come up with 42 to the traditionalwork environments of the past. The design industry has moved awayfrom a fixed office setup and created more flexible “strategicmanagement environments.” These 43 solutions are meant to support better organizational performance.As employee hierarchies （等级制度）have flattened or decreased, office designers’ response to this change has been to move open-plan areas to more desirable locations within the office and create fewer formal private offices. The need for increased flexibility has also been 44 by changes in workstation design. Office and work spaces often are not 45 to a given person on a permanent basis. Because of changes to methods of working, new design allow for expansion or movement of desks, storage, and equipment within the workplace. Another important design goal is communication, which designers have improved by breaking the walls that 46 workstations. Designers have also created informal gathering places and upgraded employees’ 47 to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms.Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number of competing and often 48 demands, including budgetary limits, employees hierarchies and technological innovation (especially in relation to computerization). These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors (内饰) that in some way enhance, establish or possess a company’s image and will enable employees to 49 and their best.All these 50 of office design are related. The most successful office designs are like good marriage—the well-designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for each other.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people’s earned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores,finding love is more 52 in people’s lives. The 53 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 54 . They ask, what is love Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.First ImpressionTo help determine the 56 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to 57 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their 58 judgments often held true. Students seemed to 59 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.The 60 KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones —natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling 61 to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as 62 as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people. Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors,including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for 63 . The participants had seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we 64 attractiveness seem to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to 65 words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.51. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise52. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. artificial53. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle54. A. tested B. impressed C. changed D. created55. A. appearances B. virtues C. similarities D. passions56. A. illustrations B. implications C. ingredients D. intentions57. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall58. A. critical B. initial C. random D. mature59. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. question60. A. Nose B. Eye C. Heart D. Hand61. A. open B. alert C. resistant D. superior62. A. disappointed B. amazed C. confused D. gifted63. A. emotion B. attractiveness C. individuality D. signals64. A. enhance B. possess C. maintain D. assess65. A. familiar B. plain C. positive D. irritating第二部分：阅读理解（第一节共20小题，第二节5小题；每小题2分，满分50分）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。

上海高考英语试卷及参考答案

銆€銆€涓婃捣鑻辫璇曞嵎銆€銆€鑰冪敓娉ㄦ剰锛?/p>銆€銆€1锛庤€冭瘯鏃堕棿120鍒嗛挓锛岃瘯鍗锋弧鍒?50鍒嗐€?/p>銆€銆€2锛庢湰鑰冭瘯璁捐瘯鍗峰拰绛旈绾镐袱閮ㄥ垎銆傝瘯鍗峰垎涓虹1鍗凤紙绗?-12椤碉級鍜岀II鍗凤紙绗?3椤碉級锛?/p>銆€銆€鍏ㄥ嵎鍏?3椤点€傛墍鏈夌瓟棰樺繀椤绘秱锛堥€夋嫨棰橈級鎴栧啓锛堥潪閫夋嫨棰橈級鍦ㄧ瓟棰樼焊涓婏紝鍋氬湪璇曞嵎涓?/p>銆€銆€涓€寰嬩笉寰楀垎銆?/p>銆€銆€3锛庣瓟棰樺墠锛屽姟蹇呭湪绛旈绾镐笂濉啓鍑嗚€冭瘉鍙峰拰濮撳悕锛屽苟灏嗘牳瀵瑰悗鐨勬潯褰㈢爜璐村湪鎸囧畾浣嶇疆涓娿€?/p>銆€銆€绗?鍗?nbsp; 锛堝叡105鍒嗭級銆€銆€I . Listening Comprehension銆€銆€Section A銆€銆€Directions锛欼n Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the銆€銆€end of each conversation, a questionwill be asked about what was said. The conversations and銆€銆€the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it,銆€銆€read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the銆€銆€question you have heard.銆€銆€1. A. At a library. B. At a hotel. C. At abank. D. At an airport.銆€銆€2. A. Relaxed. B. Annoyed. C.Worried. D. Satisfied銆€銆€3. A. Doctor and patient. B. Shop owner and customer.銆€銆€C. Secretary and boss. D. Receptionist and guest.銆€銆€4. A. He would have thrown $300 around. B. $300 is not enough for the concert.銆€銆€C. Sandy shouldn't have given th at much. D. Dave must be mad with the money銆€銆€5. A. She lives close to theman. B. She changes her mind at last.銆€銆€C. She will turn to her manager. D. She declines the man's offer.銆€銆€6锛嶢.2 B.3锛?nbsp; C.4锛嶥锛?銆€銆€7. A. Both of them dr ink too much coffee.銆€銆€B. The woman doesn't Like coffee at all.銆€銆€C. They help each other stop drinking coffee.銆€銆€D. The man is uninterested in the woman's story銆€銆€8. A. He doesn't. mind helping the woman.銆€銆€B. He hesitates whether to help or not.銆€銆€C. He'll help if the woman doesn't mind銆€銆€D. He can't help move the cupboard.銆€銆€9. A. He's planning to find a new job.銆€銆€B. He prefers to keep his house in a mess.銆€銆€C. He's too busy to clean his hou se銆€銆€D. He has already cleaned his new house,銆€銆€10. A. She doesn't agree with the man.銆€銆€B. She is good at fmding a place to stay.銆€銆€C. She could hardly find the truth.銆€銆€D. She had no travel expei/ence in Britain.銆€銆€Section B銆€銆€Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.銆€銆€Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage銆€銆€11. A. Use the company'sequipment. B. Give orders to robots銆€銆€C. Make decisions for the company. D. Act as Big Brother.銆€銆€12. A. Employees gain fullfreedom. B. Employees suspect one another.銆€銆€C. Employees' children arehappy. D. Employees enjoy working there.銆€銆€13. A. Reward. B.Safety. C. Trust. D. Honesty銆€銆€Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage銆€銆€14. A. Canada had a smallerpopulation. B. Land was cheaper in Canada.銆€銆€C. They wanted to continue the Revolution. D. They were against Britain.銆€銆€15. A. The y standardized Canadian English.銆€銆€B. They settled there after the Revolution.銆€銆€C. They enjoy a very high social position.銆€銆€D. They make up a small part of the population銆€銆€16. A. It is considered unique to some extent. B. It is greatly influenced by French.銆€銆€C. It is mainly linked to British culture. D. It dates back to the late 17th century.銆€銆€Section C銆€銆€Directions: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.銆€銆€Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.銆€銆€Complete the form. Write ONE WORDfor each answer.銆€銆€Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.銆€銆€Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.銆€銆€II. Gram mar and Vocabulary銆€銆€Section A銆€銆€Directions: Beneath each of thefollowing sentences there are four choicesmarked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.銆€銆€25. passion, people won't have the motivation or the joy necessary for creative thinking.銆€銆€A.For . B.Without C.Be neath D.By銆€銆€26. Is honesty the best policy? We_ that it is when we are little.銆€銆€A. will teach B.teach C. aretaught D. will be taught銆€銆€27. As Jack left his membership card at home, he wasn'tallowed into the sports club.銆€銆€A. going B. togo C. go D. gone銆€銆€28. The new law states that people _ drive after drinking alcohol.銆€銆€A. wouldn't B.needn't C.won't D. mustn't銆€銆€29. Only with the greatest ofluck_ to escape from the rising flood waters.銆€銆€A. managed she B. she managed C. did she manage D. she did manage銆€銆€30. - I hear that Jason is planning to buy a car.銆€銆€-I know. By next month, he_ enough for a used one.銆€銆€A. will have saved B. will be saving C. has saved D. saves銆€銆€31. When he took his gloves off, I noticed that one had his name written inside.銆€銆€A.each B.every C.other D. another銆€銆€32. I have a tight budget for the trip, so I'm not going to fly _ the airlines lower ticket prices.銆€銆€A.once B.ifC.after D. unless銆€銆€33. When Peter speaks in public, he always has trouble _ the right things to say.銆€銆€A. thinking of B. to think of C. thoughtof D. think of .銆€銆€34. There is muc h truth in the idea_ kindness is usually served by frankness.銆€銆€A. why B.which C.thatD. whether銆€銆€35. Have you sent thank-you notes to the relatives from _ _ you received gifts?銆€銆€A. which B.them C.thatD. whom銆€銆€36. The club, _ _ 25 years ago, is holding a party for past and present members.銆€銆€A. founded B. founding C. being founded D. to be founded銆€銆€37. - Was it by cutting downstaff _ _she saved the firm?銆€銆€- No, it was by improving work efficiency.銆€銆€A.when B.what C.howD.that銆€銆€38. - We've only got this small bookcase. Will that do?銆€銆€- No, _ _ I am looking for is something much bigger and stronger.銆€銆€A.who B.that C.what D. which銆€銆€39. "Genius" is a complicated concept, _ _ many different factors.銆€銆€A.involved B.involving , C.toinvol ve D.beinginvolved銆€銆€40. The map is one of the best tools a man has _ _ he goes to a new place.銆€銆€A. whenever B.whatever C. wherever D. however銆€銆€Section B銆€銆€Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.銆€銆€A. maintained B.serious C.indications D.figures E. anxious銆€銆€F. concern Gcrisis H.decided I.available J. reversed銆€銆€Filmgoers should be told how many calories there are in the popcorn, ice cream and soft銆€銆€drinks that they buy in cinemas, according to the Food Standard Agency.銆€銆€Smaller popcorn buckets and drink cups should also be made 41 , the nutrition inspector said.銆€銆€Tim Smith, chief executive of the agency, told The 77mes that cinemas should helpto deal with the country'soverweight 42 .銆€銆€"There is a misbelief that popcorn is calorie-free, but that is not the case. It isa 43 to us," he said. "Portion sizes are also a big issue, and there seems to be increasingly big packs on銆€銆€sale."銆€銆€He spoke as a number of food chains such as Pret A Manger, Wimpey and The Real Greek44 to put calorie counts on all their menus.銆€銆€A trial scheme锛堣瘯琛屾柟妗堬級 with 21 food companies took place last summer,and 45 are that consumers altered their buying habits when they realised the number of calories in a product.銆€銆€A consultation(寰佽鎰忚) on thetrial ends next month but Mr Smith is already planning the second drive for American-style calorie counts and is 46 to win support from cinemas and other entertainment places, from football grounds to concert halls.銆€銆€Government 47 suggest that two thirds of adults and a third of children are overweight. If trends are not 48 ,this could rise to almost nine in ten adults andtwo thirds of children by 2050, putting themat 49 risk of heart disease, cancer and other diseases.銆€銆€III. R eading Comprehension銆€銆€Section A銆€銆€Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,銆€銆€B, C and D. Fillin each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.銆€銆€People on a college campus wer e more likely to give money to the March of Dimes if they銆€銆€were asked for a donation by a disabled woman in a wheelchair than if asked by a nondisabled銆€銆€woman. In another 50 , subway riders in New York saw a man carrying a stick stumble锛堢粖銆€銆€鑴氾級 and fall to the floor. Sometimes the victim had a large red birthmark onhis 51 ;銆€銆€sometimes he did not. In this situation, the victim was more likelyt0 52 aid if his face was spotless than if he had an unattractive birthmark. In 53 these and other research findings,two themes are 54 : we are more willing to help people we like for some reason and people we think _ 55 _ assistance.銆€銆€In some situations, those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive aid. 56 , in a field study researchers placed a completed application to graduate school in a telephone box at the airport. The application was ready to be 57 , but had apparently been "lost" . The photo attached to the application was sometimes that of avery 58 person and sometimes that of a less attractive person. The measure of helping was whether the individual who found the envelope actually mailed it or not. Results showed that people were more likely to59 the application if the person in the photo was physically attractive.銆€銆€The degree of _ 60 between the potential helper and the person in need is also important.銆€銆€For example, people are more likely to help a stranger who is from the same country rather than a foreigner. In one study, shopperson a busy street in Scotland were more likely to help a person wearing a(n) 61 T-shirt than a person wearing a T-shirt printed with offensive words.銆€銆€Whether a person receives help dependsin part on the "worth" of the case. For example,shoppers in a supermarket were more likely to give someone . 62 _ to buy milk rather than to buy cookies, probably because milk is thought more essentialfor 63 than cookies.Passengers on a New York subway were more likely to help a man who fell to the ground if he appeared tobe 64 rather than drunk.銆€銆€50.A.studyB.wayC.wordD.college銆€銆€51. A. hand B.arm C. face D. back銆€銆€52.A.refuseB.begC.los eD.receive銆€銆€53. A. challenging B. recording C. understanding D. publishing銆€銆€54. A.important B. possible C. amusing D. missing銆€銆€55.A.seekB.deserveC.obtainD.accept銆€銆€56. A. At first B. Aboveall C. Inaddition D. For example銆€銆€57.A.printedB.mailedC.rewritt enD.signed銆€銆€58. A. talented B. good-looking C.helpful D. hard-working銆€銆€59. A. send in B. throw away C. fill out D. turn down銆€銆€60. A. similarity B. friendship C. cooperation D. contact銆€銆€61.A.expensiveB.plainC.cheapD.strange銆€銆€62.A.timeB.instructionsC.moneyD.chances銆€銆€63. A. shoppers B.research C. children D. health銆€銆€64. A. talkative B.handsome C.calm D. sick銆€銆€Section B銆€銆€Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinishedstatements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.銆€銆€(A)銆€銆€Phil White has just returned from an 18,OOO-mile, around-the-world bicycle trip. White had two reasons for making this epic journey. First of all, he wanted to use the trip to raise money for charity, which he did. He raised ~70,000 for the British charity, Oxfam. White's second reason for making the trip was to break the world record and become the fastestperson to cycle around the world. He is still waiting to find out if he has broken the record or not.銆€銆€White set off from Trafalgar Square, in London, on 19th June 2004 and was back 299 days later. He spent more than l,300 hours in the saddle锛堣溅搴э級 and destroyed four sets of tyres and three bike chains. He had the adventure of his life crossing Europe, the Middle East, India, Asia, Australia, New Zealand and the Americas. Amazingly, he did all of this with absolutely no support team. No jeep carrying food, water and medicine. No doctor. Nothing! Just a bike and a very, very long road.銆€銆€The journey was lonely and desperate at times. He also had to fight his way across deserts, through jungles and over mountains. He cycled through heavy rains and temperatures of up t0 45 degrees, all to help people in need. There were other dangers along the road. In Iran, he was chased by armed robbers and was lucky to escape with his life and the little money he had. The worst thing that happened to him was having to cycle into a headwind on a road that crosses the south of Australia. Forl,000 kilometres he battled against the windthat was constantly pushing him. This part of the trip was slow, hard work and depressing, but he made it in the end. Now Mr.White is back and intends to write a book about his adventures.銆€銆€65. When Phil White returned from his trip, he _.銆€銆€A. broke the worldrecord B. collected money for Oxfam銆€銆€C. destroyed severalbikes D. travelled about l,300 hours銆€銆€66. What does the word "epic" in Paragraph l most probably mean?銆€銆€A. Very slow butexciting.B. Very long and difficult.銆€銆€C. Very smoo th buttiring. D. Very lonely and depressing.銆€銆€67. During his journey around the world, Phil White _ .銆€銆€A. fought heroically against robbers in Iran銆€銆€B. experienced the extremes of heat and cold銆€銆€C. managed to ride agai nst the wind in Australia銆€銆€D. had a team of people who travelled with him銆€銆€68. Which of the following words can best describe Phil White?銆€銆€A. Imaginative. B.Patriotic. C. Modest. D. Determined.銆€銆€(B)銆€銆€The value-packed, all-inclusive銆€銆€sight-seeing package that銆€銆€combines the best of Sydney's銆€銆€harbour, city, bay and beach銆€銆€highlights.銆€銆€A SydneyPass gives you unlimited and flexible travel on the Explorer Buses: the 'red' Sydney Explorer shows you around our exciting city sights wlrile the 'blue' Bondi Explorer visits Sydney Harbour bays and famous beaches. Take to the water on one of three magnificent daily harbour cru/ses(娓歌埞). You can also travel free on regular Sydney Buses,Sydney Ferries or CityRail services (limited area), so you can go to every corner of this beautiful city.銆€銆€Imagine browsing at Darling Harbour, sampling the famous seafood at Watsons Bay or enjoying the city lights on an evening ferry cruise. The possibilities and plans are endless with a SydneyPass. Wherever you decide to go, remember that bookings are not required on any of our services so tickets are treated on afirst in, first seated basis.銆€銆€SydneyPasses are avai-lable for 3, 5 0r 7 days for use over a 7 calendar day period. With a 3 or 5 day pass you choose on which days out of the 7 you want to use it. All SydneyPasses include a free Airport Express inward trip before starting your 3, 5 0r 7 days, and Lhe return trip is valid (鑲叉晥鐨? for 2 months from the first day your ticket was used.銆€銆€SydneyPass Fares銆€銆€*A child is defined as anyone from the ages of 4 years to under ~6 ye rs.Children under 4 years travel free.銆€銆€**A family is defined as 2 adults and any number of children from 4 to under 16 years of age from the same family.銆€銆€69. A SydneyPass doesn7t offer unlimited rides on銆€銆€A. the ExplorerBusesB. the harbour cruises銆€銆€C. regular SydneyBusesD. CityRail services銆€銆€70. With a SydneyPass, a travellercan _.銆€銆€A. save fares from and to theairport B. take the Sydney Explorer to beaches銆€銆€C. enjoy the famous seafood forfree D. reserve seats easily in a restaurant銆€銆€71. If 5-day tickets were to be recommended to a mother who travelled with her colleague and銆€銆€her children, aged 3, 6 and 10, what would the lowest cost be?銆€銆€A.$225.B. $300.銆€銆€C.$360.D. $420.銆€銆€(C)銆€銆€Researchers in the psychology department at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) have discovered a major difference in the way men and women respond to stress. This difference may explain why men are more likely to suffer from stress-related disorders.銆€銆€Until now, psychological research has maintained that both men and women have the same "fight-or-flight" reaction to stress. In other words, individuals eicher react with aggressive behavior, such as verbal or physical conflict ("fight"), or they react by withdrawing fromthe stressful situation ("flight"). However, the UCLA research team found that men and women have quite different biological and behavioral responses to stress. While men often react to stress in the fight-or-flight response, women often have another kind of reaction which could be called "tend and befriend." That is, they often react to stressful conditions byprotecting and nurturing their young ("tend"), and by looking for social contact and support from others - especially other females銆?#39;befriend").銆€銆€Scientists have long known that in the fight-or- flight reaction to stress, an important role is played by certain hormones(婢堢礌) released by the body. The UCLA researchteam suggests that the female tend-or-befriend response is also based on a hormone. This hormone, called oxytocin,has been studied in the context of cFuldbirt.h, but now it is being studied for its role in the response of both men and women to stress. The principal investigator, Dr. Shelley E. Taylor,explained that "animals and people with high levels of oxytocin are calmer, more relaxed, more social, and less anxious." While men also secrete銆愬垎娉岋級oxytocin, its effects are reduced by male hormones.銆€銆€In terms of everyday behavior, the UCLA study found that women are far. more likelythan men to seek social contact when they are feeling stressed. They may phone relatives or friends, or ask directions if they are lost.銆€銆€The study also showed how fathers and mothers responded differently when they came home to their family after a stressful day at work. The typical father wanted to be left alone to enjoy some peace and quiet. For a typical mother, coping with a bad day at work meant focusing her attention on her children and their needs.銆€銆€The differences in responding to stress may explain the fact that women have lower frequency of stress-related disorders such ashigh blood pressure or aggressive behavior. The tend-and-befriend regulatory(璋冭妭鐨? system may protect women against stress, and this may explain why women on average live longer than men.銆€銆€72. The UCLA study shows that in response to stress, men are more likely than women to .銆€銆€A. turn to friends for help銆€銆€B. solve a conflict calmly銆€銆€C. find an escape from reality銆€銆€D. seek comfort from children銆€銆€73. Which of the following is true about oxytocin according to the passage?銆€銆€A. Men have the same level of oxytocin as women do.銆€銆€B. Oxytocin used to be studied in both men and women.銆€銆€C. Both animals and people have high levels of oxytocin.銆€銆€D. Oxytocin has more of an effect on women than on men.銆€銆€74. What can be learned from the passage?銆€銆€A. Male hormones help build up thebody's resistance to stress.銆€銆€B. In a family a mother cares more about children than a father does.銆€銆€C. Biological differences lead to different behavioral responses to stress.銆€銆€D. The UCLA study was designed to confirm previous research findings.銆€銆€75. Which of the following might be the best ti.tle of the passage?銆€銆€A. How men and women get over stress銆€銆€B. How men and women suffer f rom stress銆€銆€C. How researchers overcome stress problems銆€銆€D. How researchers handle stress-related disorders銆€銆€Section C銆€銆€Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each銆€銆€paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.銆€銆€A. When a child should learn to read銆€銆€B. Why it is fun to teach a child reading銆€銆€C. What if a child has reading problems銆€銆€D. How you prepare a young child for reading銆€銆€E. What is the best way to teach a child reading銆€銆€F. Whether reading early promises later achievements銆€銆€76.Learning to read early has become one of those indicators - in parents' minds at least - that their child is smart. In fact, reading early has very little to do with whether a child is successful academically. Research has shown that difficulty with reading is often due not to inferior intelligence but to differences in the developmental wiring of each individual child. In some cases, there are neurological problems and developmental lags that can be overcome with proper training.銆€銆€77.銆€銆€Traditionally, American schools teach children at age six, but many schools begin teaching informally in kindergarten and pre-kindergarten. If parents start too early to encourage reading,and a child does not immediately succeed, the parent has a hard time relaxing and letting the child go at his or her own pace.銆€銆€78.銆€銆€Over the years, research has proved that the use of both the e&whole language" method and the "phonic" method works best for a child to master reading. While the whole language approach, which includes reading to children and getting them interested in both the activity of reading and the story they are reading, is helpful, phonics must be taught. Children must be taught that one of the squiggles they see is a "p" and another a "b". Getting the print off the page requires a different ability than being able to understand the meaning of what is written.銆€銆€79.銆€銆€You can start developing the skills needed in reading at a very young age without putting any pressure on children. Besides reading to them, parents can start "ear training" their child by playing thyme games. This develops the child's ability to recognizedifferent sounds. In reading to children, parents also can point to words as they go, teaching the child that the funny lines on the page are the words you are saying. All this should be a fun activity.銆€銆€80.銆€銆€Once a child is in school, the learning of reading is inevitably more serious. For children who have some kind of reading difficulty, you must get a professional diagnosis. While the teacher might say the child is merely disinterested but will get over it, disinterest or poor performance in reading can stem from a number of things, some being very specific learning disabilities that can be identified and worked on. But it is very tricky for parents to deal with their own child's learning disabilities.銆€銆€Section D銆€銆€Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.銆€銆€While contact between adolescents (between the ages of fifteen and nineteen) and their peers crd榫勪汉) is a universalcharacteristic of all cultures, the nature and the degree of such contact vary a great deal. In American contemporary society, adolescents spend much more time with their peers than with younger children or adults.銆€銆€This pattern of age segreg ation(闅旂) in American society did not become usual until the beginning of the industrialized society. Changes in the workplace separated children from adults,with adults worHng and children attending school. The dramatic increase of mothers inthe workplace has further contributed to the reduction in the amount of time adolescents spend with adults. School reform efforts during the nineteenth century, which resulted in age-segregated schools and grades, have reduced the amount of time adolescents spend with younger children.Finally, the changes in population are considered a factor that may have contributed to the emergence of adolescent peer culture. From 1955 t0 1975, the adolescent population increased dramatically, from 11 percent t0 20.9 percent. This increase in the number of adolescents might be a contributing factor to the increase in adolescent peer culture in terms of growth in size.銆€銆€Research supports the view that adolescents spend a great deal of time withtheir peers. Reed Larson and his colleaguesexamined adolescents' daily activities and found that they spend more time talking to their friends than engaging in any other activity. In a typical week, high school students will spend twice as much time with their peers as with adults. This gradual withdrawal from adults begins in early adolescence. Ln sixth grade, adults (excluding parents) account for only 25 percent of adolescent social networks. Another important characteristic of adolescent peer culture is its increasingly autonomous (鐧芥不鐨? function. While childhood peer groups are conducted under the close supervision of parents, adolescent peer groups typically make an effort to escape adult supervision and usually succeed in doing so.銆€銆€(Note: Answer t.he quesnons or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)銆€銆€81. "This pattern of age segregation" refers to the phenomenon that adolescents segregate themselves from銆€銆€82. Besides changes in theworkplace, are the other two factors contributing to adolescent peer culture.銆€銆€83. When do adolescents start to spend less time with adults?銆€銆€84. How do adolescent peer groups differ from childhood peer groups?銆€銆€绗琁I鍗?nbsp; 锛堝叡45鍒嗭級銆€銆€I锛嶵ranslation銆€銆€Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.銆€銆€1锛庡ス浜斿勾鍓嶅紑濮嬫媺灏忔彁鐞淬€?play)銆€銆€2锛庣敱浜庡ぉ姘旀伓鍔ｏ紝鑸彮寤惰浜嗗ソ鍑犱釜灏忔椂銆?owing)銆€銆€3锛庢瘡浣嶈璁″笀閮藉笇鏈涜嚜宸辩殑浣滃搧鑳界粡鍙楁椂闂寸殑鑰冮獙銆?stand)銆€銆€4锛庤兘鍚︽姷寰＄綉缁滄父鎴忕殑璇辨儜鏄憜鍦ㄤ腑瀛︾敓闈㈠墠鐨勪竴閬撻毦棰樸€?It)銆€銆€5锛庡湪灞曡浼氫笂锛屽叕鍙搁攢鍞粡鐞嗗睍绀轰簡瀛╁瓙浠繕棣栦互鐩肩殑鏂板瀷鐢靛瓙鐜╁叿銆?demonstrate)銆€銆€II锛嶨uided Writing銆€銆€Directions: Write an English composition in 120 - 150 words according to the instructions given銆€銆€below in Chinese.銆€銆€涓婂懆涓€锛屼綘鍦ㄤ竴鎵€灏忓瑙傛懇浜嗗皬濂冲Amy鎵€鍦ㄧ彮绾х殑涓ゅ爞缁樼敾璇撅紙濡傚浘鎵€绀猴級锛屽洖瀹跺悗浣犵敤鑻辫鍐欎簡涓€绡囨棩璁帮紝鍐呭鍖呮嫭锛?/p>銆€銆€鈼?nbsp; 瀵逛袱鍫傜粯鐢昏鐨勫叿浣撴弿杩帮紱銆€銆€鈼?nbsp; 浣犱粠涓幏寰楃殑鍚彂銆?/p>銆€銆€涓婃捣鑻辫鑻辫鍙傝€?/p>銆€銆€绗?鍗?/p>銆€銆€绗竴澶ч绗?鑷崇10灏忛锛屾瘡棰?鍒嗭紱绗?1鑷崇16灏忛锛屾瘡棰?鍒嗭紱绗?7鑷崇24灏忛锛屾瘡棰?鍒嗐€傚叡30鍒嗐€?/p>銆€銆€1.B 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.D6.B7.A8.D9.C 10. A銆€銆€11.A 12.D 13.C 14.B 15.D 1 6.A銆€銆€17.History 18. HD3309 19.photography 20. Tuesday銆€銆€21. religions 22. good friends / more than friends /like a family銆€銆€23. their daughter 24. a simple smile銆€銆€绗簩澶ч姣忓皬棰?鍒嗐€傚叡25鍒嗐€?/p>銆€銆€25.B 26.C 27.B 28.D 29.C 30.A 31.A 32.D 33.A 34.C銆€銆€35.D 36.A 37.D 38.C 39.B 40.A 41.142.G 43.F 44.H銆€銆€45. C 46. E 47.D 48. J 49. B鐐瑰嚮涓嬭浇word鐗?/strong>鏇村2012涓婃捣楂樿€冪湡棰樺強鍙傝€冪瓟妗?/a>。

2019年6月上海高考英语听力试题word精校版(含试题,音频MP3,答案及录音原文)

2019年6月全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A new bookstore. B. A new road. C. Good novels. D. The past history.2. A. He is a doctor of surgery. B. He was hurt yesterday because of an accident.C. He injured his back yesterday just by sneezing.D. He wants to look for a job at hospital.3. A. Excited. B. Serious. C. Impatient. D. Disappointed.4. A. Xi’an. B. Chengdu. C. At home. D. In the company.5. A. She lives a healthy life now. B. He has a habit of drinking orange juice.C. He is too careful about his diet.D. He is used to taking regular exercise.6. A. Sun. B. Water. C. Fertilizer. D. Soil.7. A. Some courses on reading. B. Some courses on writing.C. The habit of keeping a diary.D. Her potential talent.8. A. She is too busy to take exercises. B. She doesn’t have enough money.C. It’s unnecessary for her to take some lessons.D. She has never planned to play tennis.9. A. The park is far away from their home. B. He hates to walk to the park.C. He wants to drive his car to another park.D. It will be faster for them to drive to the park rather than walk.10. A. He is adding and reading the numbers. B. He is checking the financial report.C. He is rewriting the numbers of the report.D. He is trying to make the budget limited. Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. When they go forth into an area that they are unfamiliar with.B. When they are qualified to bring the story back.C. When they start an urgent project.D. When they have never written the same subject.12. A. Because he is a baseball fan all his life.B. Because he has interviewed a professional athlete.C. Because they are moved by the speaker’s sincerity.D. Because the speaker has done some sports reporting before.13. A. Broaden the story with their own strength. B. Grow up happily and luckily.C. Get some unexpected results.D. Become a productive writer.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Creativity is production of something original and useful.B. Creativity happens on the right side of the brain.C. Creativity is related to the freedom from concrete facts.D. Everyone has his special creativity.15. A. By focusing on obvious facts and familiar solutions to see if the answer lies there.B. By scanning remote memories that could be vaguely relevant.C. By focusing our attention to search for a wide range of distant information.D. By cutting off the connection it may have with the problem before it escapes.16. A. The common sense about the production of creativity.B. The both sides of the brain working together to creativity.C. A sense of pleasure produced by the creativity.D. How difficult that we come up with a new single idea.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Their plan for the summer vacation. B. The woman’s new job.C. Peter’s experience of volunteer.D. The spirit of activities.18. A. Supervising a volunteer program in a non-profit art gallery.B. Cleaning up the gallery every weekend.C. Donating cash and other things.D. Offering some part-time jobs to the young.19. A. Taking part in activities that are respected.B. Taking part in activities that are creative.C. Taking part in activities you show enthusiasm for.D. Taking part in activities you’re responsible for.20. A. Fund. B. Persistence. C. Acknowledgement. D. Respect.答案1-5 ACCBA 6-10 CCADA 11-15 ACABA 16-20 BCACB2019年6月上海市高考英语听力录音原文I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and a question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Text 1M: Is there a new bookstore on Fuzhou Road?W: Yes, it’s got very good novels of the 20th century.Q: What are the speakers mainly talking about？Text 2W: Mike, are you OK?M: I injured my back yesterday just by sneezing. My doctor said I need surgery.Q: What can be learned about the man?Text 3M: Which team are you going to support?W: You’re not going to talk about football again, are you? That’s it.Q: How does the woman feel about discussing footbal1?Text 4M: Mary is not in the company. Has she returned from Xi’an yet?W: Yes. But before she went to Chengdu yesterday, she had been home for only one day.Q: Where is Mary Now?Text 5M: What? Steven is drinking orange juice?W: You cannot believe it. Now, he’s careful about what he eats and takes regular exercise.Q: What does the woman imply about Steven?Text 6M: I’ve moved the flower into the garden and watered it every day. How come it is still not doing well? W: Well, why not add some fertilizer? Maybe that’ll helpQ: According to the woman, what may the flower need?Text 7M: Wow, you won the first prize in the writing contest. You haven’t taken any courses on reading and writing.W: But I’ve been keeping a diary since childhood.Q: According to the woman, what helped her win the contest?Text 8M: You like tennis so much. Why not take some lessons? They start next week.W: How am I going to fit that into my crowded schedule?Q: What does the woman mean?Text 9W: Walk to the park? You must be kidding! It takes only five minutes to drive there.M: If I had remembered to charge my car.Q: What can be learned about the man?Text 10W: You’ve been dealing with that budget report for nearly an hour. Anything wrong?M: I keep adding and reading the numbers, but they just don’t balance.Q: What is the man doing?Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the question will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.It’s common for you, nonfiction writers, to go forth into an area you know little about. You may worry that you are not qualified to bring the story back. I feel that anxiety every time I start a new project. I felt it when I went to Bradenton to write my baseball book Spring training. Although I’ve been a baseball fan all my life, I had never done any sports reporting, never interviewed a professional athlete. Any of the men I approached with a notebook could have asked. What else have you written about baseball? But nobody did. They didn’t ask, because I was sincere. It was obvious to those m en that I really wanted to know how they did their work. Remember this: When you enter a new area and need a shot of confidence, what matters is how you do it. Also remember that your assignment may not be as narrow as you think. Often it will turn out to touch some unexpected corner of your experience or your education, enabling you to broaden the story with strength of your own. Every such production of the unfamiliar will reduce your fear.Questions:11. According to the speaker, when may non-fiction writers feel worried?12. Why didn’t nobody in Bradenton care about what the speaker had written before?13. According to the speaker, how does non-fiction writers’ experience or education benefit them? Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following talkThe accepted definition of creativity is production of something original and useful, and it is commonly thought that creativity occurs on the right side of the brain, and the arts play an important role in enhancing it. But according to a new research, creativity isn’t about freedom from concrete facts.Rather, fact-finding is vital in the creative process. It’s the result of both sides of your brain working together. To understand this, we need to take a look at what leads to creativity. When you try to solve a problem, you begin by concentrating on obvious facts and familiar solutions to see if the answer lies there. This is done mostly by the left side. However, if the answer doesn’t come, the right and left sides of the brain activate together. The right side scans remote memories that could be vaguely relevant.A wide range of distant information that is normally ignored becomes available to the left side. Then the left side catches whatever connection it may have with the problem. And quickly locks in on it before it escapes. With extremely focused attention, the brain quickly pulls together these pieces of thought and combines them into a new single idea, as the brain recognizes the originality of what it has come up with.a sense of pleasure will arise.Questions14. What do people commonly think of creativity?15. According to the passage, how does the left side of the brain contribute to creative process?16. What is the passage mainly about?Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.W: Hello. Peter. I heard you worked in a remote village last month?M: Yes, as a volunteer, teaching in a primary school in southeastern China.W: A good choice for the summer vacation.M: For me, it’s not only a choice, but a responsibility.W: You’re right. What can a volunteer generally do?M: Many things, like creating a change in the surroundings, providing shelter and food to the needy ones. W: So you mean volunteering is not just donating cash or things.M: Right! We prefer to call that charityW: How did you come up with the idea of volunteering?M: It was my father. He used to supervise a volunteer program in a non-profit art gallery.W. Was it a full-time job for him?M: No, in fact, a part-time job. He went to the gallery nearly every weekend.W: Wow, this requires great passion.M: Sure. The best way to volunteer is to get involved in activities we are passionate about.W: Have you had any difficulties as a volunteer?M: Definitely! Lack of respect, acknowledgement, and lack of funds now and then.W: Oh, my! Many obstacles!M: So the most important spirit is perseverance.W: I’d like to join you someday.M: Any time.Questions17. What are the two speakers mainly talking about?18. What volunteer service did the man’s father do?19. What does the man think is the best way to volunteer?20. According to the man, which of the following is the most important for a volunteer?。

2023年高考英语试题(上海)(2023年word版)

2023年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷试卷题解考生注意:1.笔试部分共16页,分第I卷（第21题-第105题）和第II卷。

考试时间为120分钟。

2.笔试部分（第21题-第105题）地解析必须涂在同一张答题纸上,从序号21开始。

每一小题只有一个正确解析,考生应将代表该解析地小方格涂黑。

注意试卷题号和答题纸编号一一对应,不能错位。

解析需要更改时,只要将原选项用塑料橡皮擦去,重新选择即可。

解析不能写在试卷上,如写在试卷上一律不给分。

3.本试卷分为第I卷（第1-12页）和第II卷（第13-16页）两部分,全卷共6页。

第II卷（共45分）4.第II卷共两大题,请考生用钢笔或圆珠笔将解析直接写在试卷上。

5.答卷前将密封线内地项目填写清楚。

第I卷（五大题,共135分）一、听力部分（第1——第20题,共30分。

考试时间为30分钟。

）I. Listening ComprehensionPart A Short ConversationsDirections: In Part A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each question, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers in your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. About 60. B. About 50.C. About 30.D. About 25.2. A. Her health. B. The class she missed.C. The coming examination.D. The difficult lessons.3. A. Making an appointment. B. Deciding what to do.C. Checking the time.D. Going to class.4. A. She wants him to stay longer.B. She wishes he had left sooner.C. She knows he must go soon.D. She wants him to go now.5. A. Mother and child. B. Manager and customer.C. Teacher and student.D. Boss and clerk.6. A. Mother and father. B. Teacher and student.C. Two friends.D. Parent and child.7. A. She wonders why they can’t go for a walk.B. She doesn’t want to go for a walk in the park.C. She doesn’t want to go out with the man.D. She thinks it’s a good idea.8. A. In the morning. B. At an early age.C. Half an hour ago.D. At six o’clock.9. A. In a park. B. In a museum.C. In a zoo.D. In a pet store.10. A. Because of the size. B. Because of the colour.C. Because of the material.D.Because of the style.Part B Longer ConversationsDirections: In Part B you will hear two longer conversations. After each conversation you will be asked two questions. The conversations will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 and 12 are based on the following conversation11. A. She can fix the loose connector.B. She’s annoyed by a strange noise.C. She doesn’t like the screen.D. Her computer doesn’t work.12. A. The man is going over to the woman’s place.B. The problem is solved.C. The man doesn’t know what’s wrong with the computer.D. The computer is completely broken.Questions 13 and 14 are based on the following conversation.13. A. A reporter. B. A school teacher.C. A traveler.D. A musician.14. A. To give more concerts. B. TO travel abroad.C. To run a special school.D. To perform more beautifully.Part C PassagesDirections: In Pat C, you will hear two short passages and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 15 through 17 are based on the following passage15. A. She caught a butterfly.B. She set a butterfly free.C. She saw a butterfly flying away.D. She changed a butterfly into a fairy.16. A. Letter her have any wish she would like.B. Letting her go anywhere she would like.C. Making her rich.D. Making her popular in the neighborhood.17. A. How to help others.B. The secret life of a young girl.C. The true meaning of happiness.D. Beauty brings happiness.Questions 18 through 20 are based on the following passage.18. A. Nurse. B. Doctors.C. Patients.D. Visitors.19. A. Having soft drinks.B. Listening to the hospital radio.C. Smoking in certain areas.D. Visiting patients in the morning.20. A. A music programme. B. A medical report.C. Hospital rules.D. A talk show.That’s the end of Listening ComprehensionII. GrammarDirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.21 The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, ___?A. did theyB. didn't theyC. did itD. didn't it22. They are not very good, but we like___.A. anyway to play basketball with themB. to play basketball with them anywayC. to play with them basketball anywayD. with them to play basketball anyway23. My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he ___ your lecture.A. couldn't have attendedB. needn't have attendedC. mustn't have attendedD. shouldn't have attended24. My uncle ___ until he was forty-five.A. marriedB. didn't marriedC. was not marryingD. would marry25. Not a single song ___ at yesterday's party.A. she sangB. sang sheC. did she singD. she did sing26. ___ of the land in that district ___ covered with trees and grass.A. Two fifth … isB. Two fifth … areC. Two fifths … isD. Two fifths … are27. ___ she couldn't understand was ___ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A. What … whyB. That … whatC. What … becauseD. Why … that28. Recently I bought an ancient vase, ___ was very reasonable.A. which priceB. the price of whichC. its priceD. the price of those29. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ___.A. who is heB. who he isC. who is itD. who it is30. She found her calculator ___ she lost it.A. whereB. whenC. in whichD. that31. He sent me an e-mail, ___ to get further information.A. hopedB. hopingC. to hope D hope32. I know nothing about the young lady ___ she is from Beijing.A. exceptB. except forC. except thatD. besides33. What he has down is far from ___.A. satisfactoryB. satisfiedC. satisfaction D satisfy34. You're standing too near the camera. Can you move ___?A. a bit farB. a little fartherC. a bit of fartherD. a little far35. Greenland, ___ island in the world, covers over two million square kilometres.A. it is the largestB. that is the largestC. is the largestD. the largest36. If only he ___ quietly as the doctor instructed, he wouldn't suffer so much now.A. liesB. layC. had lainD. shouldn't lie37. in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.A. Being foundedB. It was foundedC. FoundedD. Founding38. An awful accident ___, however, occur the other day.A. doesB. didC. has toD. had to39. The ___ boy was last seen ___ near the East Lake.A. missing … playingB. missing … playC. missed … playedD. missed … to play40. Tony was very unhappy for ___ to the party.A. having not been invitedB. not having invitedC having not invited D. not having been invited41 --- Shall I help you with that suitcase?--- ___.A. It's all right, thanks.B. Yes, go ahead please.C. I don't want to trouble you too much.D. No, please don't do it.42 --- You've given us a wonderful Chinese dinner, Mrs. Wang.--- ____.A. Oh, I'm afraid I didn't cook very well.B. I'm glad you enjoyed itC. Come again when you are free.D. it's not necessary for you to say so43 ---do you mind if I keep pets in that building?---____.A. I'd rather you didn't, actually.B. Of course not, it's not allowed there.C. Great! I love pets.D. No, you can't.44---I don't have any change with me. Will you pay the fare for me?---____.A. That's fineB. Nothing seriousC. Never mindD. No problem45 ---I didn't know that was a one-way street, officer.---____.A. That's all rightB. I don't believe youC. How dare you say thatD. Sorry, but that's no excuseIII. VocabularyDirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.46. The lion is considered the king of the forest as it is a(n)____ of courage and power.A. exampleB. signC. markD. symbol47. We volunteered to collect money to help the ____ of the earthquake.A. victimsB. folksC. fellowsD. villagers48 If you don't take away all your things from the desk, there won't be enough____for my stationery.A. areaB. placeC. roomD. surface49. It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts lead to ____.A. rewardB. prizesC. awardsD. results50. I wrote him a letter to show my____ of his thoughtfulness.A. achievementB. agreementC. attentionD. appreciation51 One of the advantages of living on the top of the floor of a highrise is that you can get a good ___.A. sightB. sceneC. viewD. look52. ---Excuse me, may I ask you some questions?---Sorry, I'm too busy and haven't a minute to ____.A. spendB. spareC. shareD. stop53. Although the working mother is very busy, she still____ a lot of time to her children.A. devotesB. spendsC. offersD. provides54. When I opened the door, a parcel on the floor ____my eye.A. metB. caughtC. drewD. attracted55. After the president made an official announcement, she expressed her ____opinion.A. personalB. privateC. singleD. individual56. Alice laid her baby on the sofa____ and wrapped it with a blanket.A. silentlyB. tenderlyC. friendlyD. comfortably57. Fred is second to none in maths in our class, but believe it or not, he ____passed the last exam.A. easilyB. hardlyC. actuallyD. successfully58. Our bodies are strengthened by taking exercises. _____, our minds are developed by learning.A. ProbablyB. LikelyC. SimilarlyD. Generally59. He holds an important position in that company; ______, I don't quite trust him.A. ThusB. FurthermoreC. OtherwiseD. Nevertheless60.If you had _____your test paper carefully before handing it in, you would have made fewer mistakes.A. looked upB. thought aboutC. gone overD. gone roundIV. ClozeDirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.(A)Bedtime stories are one of the delights of early childhood. But according to Dr. Julie Spreadbury from Queensland University, parent should not _61__ up reading to their children_62__they enter primary school. She says listening to, reading and discussing the stories help children's_63_."My_64__ indicates that once children can read themselves, most parent stop reading_65__them," Dr. Spreadbury says."_66__may be at the end of year 1,which is far too_67__."Dr. Spreadbury says _68_reading not only gives children a good start at school. But brings parents and children closer."that makes it _69__for them to open up and talk to parents about things that worrying them, or things they are _70__ in their everyday life."61. A. speed B. keep C. give D. hold62. A. after B. until C. if D. unless63. A. thinking B. comprehension C. relaxation D. development64. A. theory B. research C. story D. decision65. A. about B. from C. to D. through66. A. Some B. Most C. They D. That67. A. difficult B. early C. much D. informal68. A. daily B. healthy C. fast D. bedtime69. A. easier B. funnier C. rarer D. clearer70. A. reading B. promising C. celebrating D. receiving(B)Chinese scientists are again becoming excited about the fact that a large hairy animal may live in central China. Now they hope it won't be too long before they are able to _71_its existence. Their confidence is the _72_of a new discovery of the mystery animal in Hubei Province.Ten Chinese _73__, enjoying a holiday in a National Forest Park, were driving down a road. As their bus turned a corner, the men were suddenly _74_by what they saw. Three_75_animals, covered with longblack hair, were crossing the road. On seeing the animal, the engineers immediately stopped and _76_them. _77_, when they saw how the animals moved through the forest with great_78_ and strength, they did not dare to follow any further.The men did not take any _79_. However, scientists are_80_ by the discovery, because the engineers were all very educated people and scientists feel they can _81_What they described.After the discovery, scientists returned to the forest and_82_some hair and measured footprints. About 20 inches appears to be the animal's foot！ Chinese scientists have now set up a special group to exchange information and make a_83_of the forest. But in the meantime, some people_84_to believe that that half-man, half-monkey exists. They will not believe that it is _85_until one of the animals have been caught.71. A. prove B. analyze C. protect D. check72. A. basis B. requirement C. result D. preparation73. A. travellers B. engineers C. scientists D. explorers74. A. frightened B. amazed C. upset D. inspired75. A. trained B. projected C. tall D. violent76. A. shot at B. looked at C. fought with D. ran after77. A. However B. Indeed C. Meanwhile D. Anyway78. A. difficult B. speed C. care D. pleasure79. A. bullets B. tools C. medicines D. photographs80. A. surprised B. delighted C. disturbed D. supported81. A. rely on B. deal with C. write down D. pass on82. A. cut B. pulled C. collected D. tore83. A. film B. tour C. choice D. study84. A. come B. refuse C. prefer D. have85. A. wrong B. alive C. real D.correctIV. Reading ComprehensionDirections: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)The famous director of a big and expensive movie planned to film a beautiful sunset over the ocean, so that the audiences could see his hero and heroine in front of it at the end of the film as they said goodbye to each other for ever. He sent camera crew out one evening to film the sunset for him.The next morning he said to the men, "Have you provided me with that sunset? ""No, Sir," the men answered.The director was angry. "Why not? " he asked."Well, Sir, " one of the men answered, "we are on the east coast here, and the sun sets in the west. We can get you a sunrise over the sea, if necessary, but not a sunset.""But I want a sunset!" the director shouted. "Go to the airport, take the next flight to the west coast, and get one. "But then a young secretary had an idea. "Why don't you photograph a sunrise, " she suggested, "and then play it backwards? Then it'll look like a sunset.""That's a very good idea! " the director said. Then he turned to the camera crew and said, "Tomorrow morning I want you to get me a beautiful sunrise over the sea. "The camera crew went out early the next morning and filmed a bright sunrise over the beach in the middle of a beautiful bay（海湾）. Then at nine o'clock they took it to the director. "Here it is, Sir, " they said, and give it to him. He was very pleased.They all went into the studio（摄影棚）. "All right, " the director explained, "now our hero and heroine are going to say goodbye. Run the film backwards so that we can see the 'sunset' behind them. "The "sunset" began, but after a quarter of a minute, the director suddenly put his face in his hands and shouted to the camera crew to stop.The birds in the file were flying backwards, and the waves on the sea were going away from the beach.86.One evening, the director sent his camera crew out____.A. to watch a beautiful sunsetB. to find an actor and an actressC. to film a scene on the seaD. to meet the audience87.Why did the director want to send his crew to the west coast?A. Because he changed his mind about getting a sunsetB. Because he was angry about his crewC. Because it was his secretary's suggestion.D. Because he wanted to get a scene of sunset88.Which of the following is NOT true?A. The crew had to follow the secretary's advice.B. If you want to see a sunrise, the east coast is a place to go.C. The camera crew wasn't able to film the scene the first dayD. The director ordered his crew to stop filming the "sunset"89 The director wanted to film a sunset over the ocean because_____.A. it went well with the separation of the hero and heroineB. when they arrived at the beach it was already in the eveningC. it was more moving than a sunriseD. the ocean looked more beautiful at sunset90.After the "sunset" began, the director suddenly put his face in his hands____.A. because he was moved to tearsB. as he saw everything in the film moving backwardsC. as the sunrise did not look as beautiful as he had imaginedD. because he was disappointed with the performance of the hero and the heroine(B)I came to study in the United States a year ago. Yet I did not know the American society until I was injured in a car accident because after the accident I had to see a doctor-and go to court（法庭）.After the accident, my roommate called a doctor for me. I was very grateful and determined to repay him one day. But the next day, he asked me to pay him $200 for what he had done. I was astonished. He had good reason to charge me, he said. And if I wanted to collect money from the person who was responsible for my injury, I'd have to have a good lawyer. Now that he had helped me to find a good doctor, it was only fair that I should pay him.But every time I went to see the doctor, I had to wait about 50 minutes. He would see two or three patients at the same time, and often stop treating one so as to see another. Yet he charged me $115 each time. The final examination report consisted of ten lines, and it cost me $215.My lawyer was all smiles the first time we met. But after that he avoided seeing me at all. he knew very well the other party was responsible for the accident, yet he hardly did anything. He simply waited to collect his money. He was so irresponsible that I decided to dismiss（解雇）him. And he made me pay him $770.Now I had to act as my own lawyer. Due to my inexperience, I told the insurance the date I was leaving America. Knowing that, they played for time, … and I left without getting a cent.My experiences taught me two things about America: firstly, in a country like America money is everything. It is more important than friendship honour or professional morality（职业道德）. Secondly, foreigners are still being unfairly treated. So when we talk about America, we should see both its good and bad sides.91.The author's roommate offered to help him because_____.A. he felt sorry for the authorB. he thought it was a chance to make some moneyC. he knew the doctor was a very good oneD. he wanted the author to have a good lawyer92. A good doctor is essential for the author to____.A. be properly treatedB. talk with the person responsible for the accidentC. recover before he leaves AmericaD. eventually get the responsible party to pay for his injury93.The word " charge " in the passage means____.A. be responsibleB. accuseC. ask as a priceD. claim94.both the doctor and the lawyer in that passage are very___.A. friendlyB. greedyC. professionalD. busy95.What conclusion can you draw from that story?A. Going to court is something every common in AmericaB. One must be very careful while driving a carC. There are more bad sides in America than good sidesD. Money is more important than other things in the US(C)Laptop（便携式）computers are popular all over the world. People use them on trains and airplanes, in airports and hotels. These laptop connect people to their work place. In the United States today, laptops also connect students to their classrooms.Westlake College in Virginia will start a laptop computer programthat allows students to do school work anywhere they want. Withinfive years, each of the 1,500 students at the college will receive a laptop. The laptops are a part of a $10million computer program at Westlake, a 110-year old college. The students with laptops will also have access to the Internet. In addition, they will be able to use e-mail to "speak" with their tethers, their classmates, and their families. However, the most important part of the laptop program is that students will be able to use computers without going to computer labs. They can work with it at home, in a fast-food restaurant or under the trees-anywhere at all!Because of the many changes in computer technology, laptop use in higher education, such as colleges and universities, is workable. As laptops become more powerful, they become more similar to desktop computers. In addition, the portable computers can connect students to not only Internet, but also libraries and other resources. State higher-education officials are studying how laptops can help students. State Officials also are testing laptop programs at other universities, too.At Westlake College, more than 60 percent of the staff use the computers. The laptops will allow all teachers to use computers in their lessons. As one Westlake teacher said, "Here we are in themiddle of Virginia and we're giving students a window on the world. They can see everything and do everything. "96 The main purpose of the laptop program is to give each student a laptop to____.A. use for their schoolworkB. access the InternetC. work at homeD. connect them to libraries97 Why is the word "speak" in the second paragraph in quotation mark?A. They don't really talkB. They use the computer languageC. Laptops have speakersD. None of the above reasons is correct98 Which of the following is true about Westlake College?A. All teachers use computersB. 1,500 students have laptopsC. It is an old college in AmericaD. Students there can do everything99. A window on the world in the last paragraph means that students can____.A. attend lectures on information technologyB. travel around the worldC. get information from around the worldD. have free laptops100. What can we infer（推断）passage?A. The program is successfulB. The program is not workableC. The program is too expensiveD. We don't know the result yet(D)Most people feel lonely sometimes, but it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours. that kind of loneliness is not serious. In fact, it is quite normal. For some people, though,loneliness can last for yeas. Now researchers say there are three different types of loneliness.The first kind of loneliness is temporary（暂时地）. that is the most common type. It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention. The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation-for example, family problem, the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place. Although that kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year.The third kind of loneliness is the most severe. Unlike the second type, chronic（长期地）usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause. People who experience habitual loneliness have problems socializing and becoming close to others. Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition.Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person's social contacts, e.g. friends, family members, co-workers, etc. we depend on various people for different reasons. For instance, our families give us emotional support, our parents and teachers give us guidance, and our friends share similar interests and activities. However, psychologists have found that, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they sometimes feel they should have more. They question their popularity.Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons: they are unhappy and unable to socialize and there is a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illness such as heart disease. While temporary and situational loneliness can be normal, healthy part of life, chronic loneliness can be a sad, and sometimes dangerous condition.101.How would you treat temporary loneliness according to the passage?A. Talk to friendsB. Just ignore itC. Go to see a doctorD. Ask your teachers for guidance102."It" in the last sentence of the second paragraph refers to_____.A. temporary lonelinessB. situational lonelinessC. a new placeD sleeplessness103.The topic of the 4th paragraph is that____.A. one problem of loneliness is a person's social contactsB. we depend on various person for different reasonsC. lonely people don't have many social problemsD. lonely people don't have many friends104. Why do psychologists want to help chronically lonely people?A. Chronic loneliness can cause family problemsB. Chronic loneliness can cause serious illnessC. Chronic loneliness can not be overcomeD. A, B and C are all correct105 What is the best title for the passage?A. Three Kinds of LonelinessB. Loneliness and DiseasesC. Loneliness and Social ContactsD. Chronic LonelinessI. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given in the brackets.1. 让我们利用这次长假去香港旅游。

2019全国高考(上海卷)英语部分真题及材料(word 精校版).

2019年上海市秋考高考英语真题试卷(精校Word版含答案)

上海市普通高校秋季招生统一文化考试英语试卷第I卷（共100分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A.In a supermarket. B.At the laundry. C.In a clothing store. D.At the tailor’s.2. A.He enjoys working hard. B.He is tired of piles of work.C.His complaint about work is sensible.D.His hard work doesn’t pay off.3. A.He’s changing the light. B.He’s burning the wires.C.He’s dancing on the desk.D.He’s checking the bulb.4. A.₤100. B.₤200. C.₤700. D.₤600.5. A.She has no chance to get the job. B.She is sure to be hired.C.There will be a fierce competition.D.Others will not give the chance to her.6. A.The man’s habit of drinking wine keeps him awake all night.B.This man should sleep in a comfortable bed.C.A little drinking can make the man sleep more comfortably.D.Both the bed and the wine should be blamed for the man’s insomnia.7. A.The size of the shirt is probably small for him.B.He doesn’t want any new shirt.C.He’s exercising to put on some weight.D.The receipt is essential to buy another shirt.8. A.Lead him to take another flight.B.Provide him with a place to stay tonight.C.Tell his friends to pick him up at the airport.rm him of the new flight in time.9. A.A very popular hotel. B.The competitive job market.C.The large population of the city.D.The hot news on TV.10. A.The physics problem is Greek to all the students.B.Professor Smith cannot teach the students well.C.The man still doesn’t understand the problem.D.It is unfortunate for the man to have physics class.Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read thefour possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 1l through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A.Britain. B.France. C.Spain. D.America.12. A.St. Augustine was destroyed by the hurricanes in 2017.B.America became in charge of St. Augustine in 1821.C.The United Kingdom is the real owner of St. Augustine now.D.The visitors do not like to see the coastal views there.13. A.The extraordinary history of St. Augustine.B.The hardships St. Augustine once suffered.C.The popular coastal tourism of St. Augustine.D.The beautiful architecture and scenery in St. Augustine.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A.The transport system of London is available everywhere.B.Tokyo’s lost property office is the biggest one in the world.C.The lost items are an important source of funding for London.D.In most cases,people don’t care about the things they lost.15. A.The lost items are collected all over the country.B.Losing old things may become a good chance for new ones.C.The items that are not claimed will be valuable for the transport.D.Most of the lost items will be given back to the owners.16. A.Losing shoes enables them to meet new opportunities.B.The lost shoes are meaningless to them.C.They get the chance to treat themselves with new shoes.D.Shoes once get lost,it’s difficult to find them back.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A.She’s discussing business with this man.B.She’s looking around a house for rent.C.She’s watching the house she wants to buy.D.She’s talking about the loan with the bank staff.18. A.The wine storage area. B.The advanced equipment.C.The relaxing colors of the wall.D.The reasonable layout.19. A.It’s dirty cheap. B.It’s unreasonable.C.It’s unexpected.D.It’s acceptable.20. A.The householder often ignores customers’ offering.B.The woman is superior to others in buying this house.C.The house agent is uncertain about the woman’s offering.D.The house has been ordered in advance by other people.II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.A comprehensive study of 4,500 children conducted by the National Institutes of Health in 2018 shows that children who spent more than seven hours a day staring at screens showed evidence of premature thinning of their brain’s cortex—the outer layer that processes sensory information. “We don’t know if it (21)__________ (cause) by the screen time.We don’t know yet if it’s a bad thing.It won’t be until we follow them over time (22)__________ we will see if there are outcomes that are associated with the differences that we’re seeing in this single snapshot,”Dr. Gaya Dowling. “What we can say is that this is (23)__________ the brains look like of kids who spend a lot of time on screens.And it’s not just one pattern.”The problem isn’t just screens (24)__________,but also the way screens tempt kids (and adults) away from something far more important:physical activity.More than 23 percent of adults and 80 percent of adolescents don’t get enough physical activity,and according to a 2019 report from the World Health Organization (WTO),these patterns of activity and rest arise (25)__________ habits we develop early in life. “What we really need to do is (26)__________ (bring) back play for children,”says Dr. Juana Willumsen,a WHO specialist in childhood obesity and physical activity,in a statement about new WHO guidelines issued in April 2019. “This is about making the shift from sedentary time to playtime,while (27)__________ (protect) sleep.”Of course,children aren’t completely to blame for their screen addiction.Sometimes,the parents (28)__________ complain about the role of screens in family life are just as guilty of spending too much time in front of one.A 2016 study (29)__________ (conduct) by Common Sense Media found that parents spend up to nine hours a day in front of screens,mostly not for work-related reasons.While 78 percent of parents said they believed they were good screen time role models,the study found a disconnect between their behavior and their perception of their behavior.Parents need to limit screen time for themselves and especially for their kids—(30)__________ it means playing the bad guy.Our mental and physical health depends on it.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only beMany of the Chinese words that are now part of English were borrowed long ago. They are most often from Cantonese(粤语) or other Chinese languages rather than Mandarin. Let’s start with them. kowtowThe English word kowtow is a verb that means to agree too easily to do what someone else wants you to do, or to obey someone with power in a way that seems (31)__________. It comes from the Cantonese word kau tau, which means "knock your head." It refers to the act of kneeling and lowering one's head as a sign of respect to (32)__________ – such as emperors, elders and leaders. In the case of emperors, the act required the person to touch their head to the ground. Britain's Lord George Macartney refused to "kau tau" to the Qianlong Emperor. Soon after, the English word "kowtow" was born. In 1793, Britain's King George III sent Lord George Macartney and other trade ambassadors to China to (33)__________ a trade agreement. The Chinese asked them to kowtow to the Qianlong Emperor. As the story goes, Lord Macartney refused for his (34)__________ to do more than bend their knees. He said that was all they were required to do for their own king.It is not surprising, then, that Macartney left China without negotiating the trade agreement. After that, critics used the word kowtow when anyone was too submissive to China. Today, the usage has no connection to China, nor any specific political connection.gung-hoAnother borrowed word that came about through (35)__________ between two nations is gung-ho. In English, the word gung-ho is an adjective that means extremely excited about doing something. The Chinese characters "gōng" and "hé" together mean "work together, cooperate." The original term -- gōngyè hézuòshè -- means Chinese Industrial Cooperatives. The organizations were established in the 1930s by Westerners in China to promote industrial and economic development. Lt. Colonel Evans Carlson of the United States Marine Corps observed these cooperatives while he was in China. He was impressed, saying "...all the soldiers (36)__________ themselves to one idea and worked together to put that idea over."He then began using the term gung-ho in the Marine Corps to try to create the same spirit he had (37)__________. In 1942, he used the word as a training slogan for the 2nd Marine Raider Battalion during World War II. The men were often called the "Gung Ho Battalion." From then, the word gung-ho spread as a slogan throughout the Marine Corps. Today, its meaning has no relation to the military.typhoonIn English, a typhoon is a very powerful and (38)__________ storm that occurs around the China Sea and in the South Pacific. The word history of typhoon had a far less direct path to the English language than gung-ho. And not all historical accounts are the same. But, according to the Merriam-Webster New Book of Word Histories, the first typhoons reported in the English language were in India and were called "touffons" or "tufans." The word tufan or al-tufan is Arabic and means violent storm or flood. The English came across this word in India and borrowed it as touffon. Later, when English ships encountered violent storms in the China Sea, Englishmen learned the Cantonese word tai fung, which means "great wind." The word's (39)__________ to touffon is only by chance. The modern form of the word – typhoon – was influenced by the Cantonese but (40)__________to make it appear more Greek.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When 17-year-old Quattro Musser hangs out with friends, they don't drink beer or cruise around in cars with their dates. (41)__________, they stick to G-rated activities such as rock-climbing or talking about books.They are in good company, according to a new study showing that teenagers are increasingly delaying activities that had long been seen as rites of passage into adulthood. The study, published Tuesday in the journal Child Development, found that the percentage of (42)__________ in the U.S. who have a driver's license, who have tried alcohol, who date, and who work for pay has plummeted since 1976, with the most precipitous(急剧的) (43)__________ in the past decade. The declines appeared across race, geographic, and socioeconomic lines, and in rural, urban, and suburban areas. To be sure, more than half of teens still engage in these activities, but the (44)__________ have slimmed considerably. Teens have also reported a steady decline in sexual activity in recent decades, as the portion of high school students who have had sex fell from 54 percent in 1991 to 41 percentin 2015, according to Centers for Disease Control statistics. "People say, 'Oh, it's because teenagers are more responsible, or more lazy, or more boring,' but they're (45)__________ the larger trend," said Jean Twenge, lead author of the study, which drew on seven large time-lag surveys of Americans. Rather, she said, kids may be less (46)__________ in activities such as dating, driving or getting jobs because in today's society, they no longer need to.According to an evolutionary psychology theory that a person's "life strategy" slows down or speeds up depending on his or her (47)__________, exposure to a "harsh and unpredictable" environment leads to faster development, while a more resource-rich and secure environment has the (48)__________ effect, the study said. In the first (49)__________, "You'd have a lot of kids and be in survival mode, start having kids young, expect your kids will have kids young, and expect that there will be more (50)__________ and fewer resources," said Twenge, a psychology professor at San Diego State University who is the author of "iGen: Why Today's Super-Connected Kids Are Growing Up Less Rebellious, More Tolerant, Less Happy - and Completely Unprepared for Adulthood."In that model a teenage boy might be thinking more (51)__________ about marriage, and driving a car and working for pay would be important for "establishing mate value based on procurement of resources," the study said. But America is shifting more toward the (52)__________ model, and the change is apparent across the socioeconomic spectrum, Twenge said. "Even in families whose parents didn't have a college education...families are smaller, and the idea that children need to be carefully (53)__________ has really sunk in." The (54)__________ of "adult activities" could not be attributed to more homework or extracurricular activities, the study said, noting that teens today spend fewer hours on homework and the same amount of time on extracurriculars as they did in the 1990s (with the exception of community service, which has risen slightly). Nor could the use of smartphones and the Internet be entirely the (55)__________, the report said, since the decline began before they were widely available. If the delay is to make room for creative exploration and forming better social and emotional connections, it is a good thing, he said.41.A.Therefore B.Rather C.Moreover D.Besides42.A.childhood B.neighborhood C.adolescents D.adulthood43.A.escapes B.ends C.decreases D.changes44.A.minorities B.majorities C.masses D.amounts45.A.taking B.avoiding C.sending D.missing46.A.interested B.envied C.relieved D.realized47.A.emotions B.surroundings C.customs D.habits48.A.wrong B.same C.opposite D.similar49.A.event B.issue C.case D.occasion50.A.trouble B.questions C.benefits D.diseases51.A.respectively B.delicately C.seriously D.considerably52.A.slower B.better C.smaller D.faster53.A.emphasized B.related anized cated54.A.implement B.postponement C.achievement D.payment55.A.cause B.impact C.fact D.resultSection BDirections: Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.Fore each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Bitcoin and other so-called cryptocurrencies(加密货币) have been all over the news lately.Apparently, the idea of money that’s not tied to a specific bank -or a specific country - is appealing to many. But it's worth remembering that the banking system that we now all live with is just that: A modern invention. Not so long ago, money was almost always created and used locally, and bartering was common. In fact, it still is common among many online local networks, like the Buy Nothing Project.).In the past, money's makeup varied from place to place, depending on what was considered valuable there. So while some of the world's first coins were made from a naturally occurring hybrid of gold and silver called electrum(银金矿), objects other than coins have served as currency, including beads, ivory, livestock, and cowrie shells. In West Africa, bracelets of bronze or copper were used as cash, especially if the transaction was associated with the slave trade there. Throughout the colonial period, tobacco was used in lieu of coins or paper bills in Virginia, Maryland and North Carolina, even though it was used elsewhere in the colonies and extensively throughout Europe and the U.K.Today, on an island in the Pacific, a specific type of shell still serves as currency-and some people there are even hoarding(贮存) it, just like Bitcoin moguls, convinced that one day, it will make them wealthy beyond imagination.On Malaita, the most-populated island that's part of the Solomon Islands, shells are accepted at most places in exchange for goods."How much tuna(金枪鱼) you can get for your shells depends on their color and shape," Mary Bruno, a shop owner from the small town of Auki, on Malaita, told Vice. "One strip of darker shells might get you about two cans of smaller tuna, but the red ones are worth more. For the red ones, one strip might get enough tuna to feed a big family for a long time."Just like a mint that creates coins, there's only one place on the island where the shells, which are polished and strung together to form 3-foot-long ropes, are made.The strips of red, white, and black shells all come from Langa Langa Lagoon, where artificial islands were long-ago built by locals to escape from the island-dwelling cannibals. Once marooned(困住) out on their islands, locals needed a currency to use among themselves, and so the shell currency was born.Using shells for money was common throughout the Pacific islands as late as the early 1900s, but Malaita is unique in that they are still used today. And just like cryptocurrencies, there are those who think the islanders are smart to invest in this type of money, which is reported to have risen in value over the last three decades. It might seem strange to hoard a bunch of processed, strung-together shells, but what is a pile of dollars? Just a specially printed piece of paper and hemp that we'veassigned value to—and probably less durable over time than those shells.56.According to the passage which of the following is TRUE?A.Money was created and was widely used in the world.B.Tobacco was used as coins or paper bills in American in the past.C.The ingredients of world’s first coins may be the combination of gold and silver.ing shells for money has been out of date in the world.57.The word “mint” in paragraph 5 is closest in the meaning to “__________”.A.a kind of money that can exchangeB.the leaves of a mint plant used fresh or candiedC.a place to produce and polish shellsD.a factory that produces currency58.What’s opinion of the author towards shells for money?A.Reasonable.B.Imaginary.C.Convenient.D.Inventive.59.Which of he following might be the best title of the passage?A.The History of BitcoinB.Shells Still MoneyC.The Currency Is of Great UseD.Some Shells(B)Moving a GiantThe logistics of excavating(挖掘) and relocating a town’s century-old,living sequoia(红杉) tree.Inhabitants of Boise, Idaho, watched with trepidation earlier this year as the city's oldest, tallest resident moved two blocks. The 105-year-old sequoia tree serves as a local landmark, not only for its longevity but also because renowned naturalist and Sierra Club co-founder John Muir provided the original seedling .So, when Saint Luke's Health System found that the 10-story-tall conifer(针叶树) stood stood in the way of its planned hospital expansion, officials called tree-moving firm Environmental Design.The Texas-based company has developed and patented scooping and lifting technology to move massive trees.Weighing in at more than 800,000 pounds, the Boise sequoia is its largest undertaking yet. “I (had) lost enough sleep over this," says David Cox, the company's Western region vice president-and that was before the hospital mentioned the tree's distinguished origin.Before the heavy lifting began, the team assessed the root system and dug a five-foot-deep cylinder, measuring 40 feet in diameter, around the trunk to protect all essential roots. After encapsulating the root ball in wire mesh, the movers allowed the tree to acclimate to its new situation for seven months before relocating it. The illustration details what followed.—Leslie Nemo1.Mark A.Merit and his team at Environmental Design installed underneath the root ball a platform of seven-inch-diameter,44-foot-long steelbars and,just below the rods,a first set of uninflated airbags (shown in gray).The team also dug a shallow ramp.2.In roughly 15 minutes,the movers inflated the airbags to about three feet in diameter to raise the root ball to the surface of the hole.3.By underinflating the front bags,the team allowed the platform carrying the tree to roll up the ramp and out of the hole while staying level.A trailer hauled the tree along as team members removed the airbags from the back of the platform and replaced them in the front.They repeated the process until the tree arrived at the edge of its new home.4.There a second set of partially inflated bags (shown in white) waited inside the hole.Soilsurrounding the sequoia in its original location was relocated as well,because trees are more likely to survive a transplant when they move with their original soil.ing the first set of airbags,the movers rolled the platform into the new hole.6.The bags waiting there were then inflated further to take the weight of the sequoia while the transportation bags were deflated and removed from under the tree.7.The white bags were then deflated in about half an hour to lower the sequoia’s root ball to the bottom of its hole.The bags were removed,but the metal bars were left with the tree because they rust and degrade over a number of years.8.For the next five years the local park service will monitor and maintain the tree in its new home.60.Which of the following words can be used to replace the words underlined “stood in the way of”?A.Resisted.B.Balanced.C.Blocked.D.Promoted.61.What is the reason for the relocation of Sequoia trees?A.Because the Scooping and lifting technology should be put into use.B.Because it blocks local hospital expansion plans.C.Because it corresponds to government’s plan of Environmental Design.D.Because sequoia trees are over a hundred years old.62.How will the migrated sequoia trees be dealt with?A.They will be given new soil in the new living environment.B.Metal rods used to move sequoia trees will not be left on the trees.C.They will be kept in transport bags all the time.D.They will be managed by specialists in the next five years.(C)Understand the Economic Concept of a Budget LineThe term “budget line” has several related meanings,including a couple that are self-evident and a third that is not.The Budget Line as an Informal Consumer UnderstandingThe budget line is an elementary concept that most consumers understand intuitively without a need for graphs and equations—it's the household budget, for example.Taken informally, the budget line describes the boundary of affordability for a given budget and specific goods.Given a limited amount of money,a consumer can only spend that same amount buying goods.If the consumer has X amount of money and wants to buy two goods A and B,she can only purchase goods totaling X.If the consumer needs an amount of A costing 0.75 X,she can then spend only 0.25 X,the amount remaining,on her purchase of B.This seems almost too obvious to bother writing or reading about.As it turns out,however,this same concept—one that most consumers make many times each day with reflecting on it—is the basis of the more formal budget line concept in economics,which is explained below.Lines in a BudgetBefore turning to the economics definition of “budget line”,consider another concept:the line-item budget.This is effectively a map of future expenditures,with all the constituent expenditures individually noted and quantified.There’s nothing very complicated about this;in this usage,a budget line is one of the lines in the budget,with the service or good to be purchased named and the cost quantified.The Budget Line as an Economics ConceptOne of the interesting ways the study of economics relates to human behavior generally is that a lot of economic theory is the formalization of the kind of simple concept outlined above--a consumer's informal understanding of the amount she has to spend and what that amount will buy. In the process of formalization, the concept can be expressed as a mathematical equation that can be applied generally.A Simple Budget Line GraphTo understand this, think of a graph where the vertical lines quantify how many movie tickets you can buy and where the horizontal lines do the same for crime novels. You like going to the movies and reading crime novels and you have $150 to spend. In the example below, assume that each movie costs $10 and each crime novel costs $15.The more formal economics term for these two items is budget set.If movies cost $10 each, then the maximum number of movies you can see with the money available is 15.To note this you make a dot at the number 15(for total movie tickets) at the extreme left-hand side of the chart. This same dot appears at the extreme left above "0"on the horizontal axis because you have no money left for books--the number of books available in this example is 0. You can also graph the other extreme--all crime novels and no movies. Since crime novels in the example cost $15 and you have $150 available, if you spend all the available money crime novels, you can buy 10.So you put a dot on the horizontal axis at the number 10.You'll place the dot at the bottom of the vertical axis because in this instance you have $0 available for movie tickets.If you now draw a line from the highest, leftmost dot to the lowest, rightmost dot you'll have created a budget line.Any combination of movies and crime novels that falls below the budget line is affordable. Any combination above it is not.63.Which sentence about the budget line is NOT TRUE?A.It is a limitation of affordability for a given budget and specific goods.B.Most costumers will be confused with this concept because of its complex.C.It is the effectively a map of future expenditures.D.It can be expressed as a mathematical equation.64.What is the purpose of the passage?A.To tell us any concept can be expressed as a mathematical equation.B.To help us figure out the meaning Budget Line.C.To tell us we should budget before we buy goods.D.To give an instruction of drawing a budget Line.65.Assume that each movie cost $10 and each crime novel costs $15,you have $150.Which is RIGHT according to this passage?A.The maximum number of movies you can see is 10.B.The maximum number of crime novels you can by is 15.C.You can buy 7 crime novels and see 5 movies.D.You can buy 7 crime novels and see 4 movies.66.What is the best title of this passage?A.Are we really know the economic concept of a budget line?B.The Budget Line as an Economics ConceptC.The Budget Line as an Informal Consumer UnderstandingD.The Complex Concept—Budget LineSection CDirections: Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in theParents are often surprised when teachers suggest their children read magazines.Read on to learn about the benefits that reading magazines offers to young readers and how to introduce your children to the medium.Magazine BenefitsMagazine articles can provide reluctant readers with a lively,breezy writing style that can inspire them to read more.The articles in magazines are generally short,which allows a child to finish reading a feature article without losing interest due to a short attention span.The writing in magazines also tends to be easy to read,especially if it is a children’s publication.By allowing your child to read magazines at an early age,you are encouraging development of a useful skill.(67)__________ Getting into the habit of reading periodicals as a child will foster the habit of reading news articles that may continue into adulthood.(68)__________ Magazine articles challenge students to think about issues they may have never considered or cause them to rethink their world rmation is available in a wide variety of reading levels because magazines are written for every audience imaginable.Many publications cover the same material in different writing styles that might make it easier for your child to comprehend.Magazine ActivitiesReading magazines as a family can be used to introduce each other to the various interests that each family member possesses.When your children are finished with their magazines,encourage them to pass their issue on to a sibling or other family member.Once each family member has finished reading each magazine,you can use them for art and writing projects.These projects are for family members of all ages:1.Cut out pictures to help your preschool and kindergarten children learn their alphabet,numbers,and colors.2.(69)__________ Paste the picture at the top of a page and have them write a story bout what is happening or what the picture represents.3.Clip pictures to create a collage.Many teenagers love using their artistic talents to collage. (70)__________ The skills that students utilize and strengthen when reading magazines can be applied to higher level reading and other academic subject.Encouraging your child to read by giving them a magazine subscription could cause them to take the leap from being a reluctant reader to a voracious page-turner.。

2015年上海高考英语试卷及答案(word-完整精校版)

2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试卷〔已反复核对，希望最大限度保证准确〕考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷总分值150分。

2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第I卷〔第1-12页〕和第II卷〔第13页〕，全卷共13页。

所有答题必须涂〔选择题〕或写〔非选择题〕在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写。

第I卷(共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Impatient. B. Confused. C. Pleased. D. Regretful.2. A. At a bus stop. B. At a laundry. C. At the dentist’s. D. At the chemist’s.3. A. An actor. B. A salesman. C. A translator. D. A writer.4. A. He lost his classmate’s homework. B. He can’t help the woman with her math.C. He broke the woman’s calculator.D. He doesn’t know where the “on” button is.5. A. The woman should go to another counter.B. The woman gives the man so many choices.C. The man dislikes the sandwiches offered there.D. The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.6. A. She has no idea where to find the man’s exam result.B. She isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.C. Dr. White hasn’t finished grading the papers.D. Dr. White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.7. A. Move to a neat dormitory. B. Find a person to share their apartment.C. Clean the room with the roommate.D. Write an article about their roommate.8. A. Bob won’t take her advice.B. Bob doesn’t want to go abroad.C. She doesn’t think Bob should study overseas.D. She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went abroad.9. A. The snack bar isn’t usually so empty. B. Dessert is served in the snack bar.C. The snack bar is near the library.D. Snacks aren’t allowed in the library.10. A. Take her bicycle to the repair shop. B. Leave her bicycle outside.C. Clean the garage after the rain stops.D. Check if the garage is dry.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It helps care for customers’ dogs. B. You have to buy food for dogs.C. None of the dogs are caged.D. There is a dog named Princess.12. A. She likes the food there. B. She enjoys the fun with a pet.C. She can have free coffee.D. She doesn’t like to be alone.13. A. A new kind of café. B. A new brand of coffee.C. A new home for pets.D. A new way to raise pets.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. A trend that high achievers are given a lower salary.B. A view that life quality is more important than pay.C. A dream of the young for fast-paced jobs.D. A new term created by high achievers.15. A. 10% B. 12% C. 6% D. 7%16. A. People are less satisfied with their lives. B. The financial investment may increase.C. Well-paid jobs are not easy to find.D. Unexpected problems may arise.Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A〕Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy. The first parking space I found was convenient, but I’d noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a while. (25) _____ I was in a good mood, I let her have it. On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot—it was a tight fit.Pretty soon I’d made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air. Feeling good, I (26) _____ (empty) my purse change into the hands of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park.Just as I approached my car, I saw the woman I’d let have my car spot earlier. She was giving me (27) _____ odd look—half puzzled, half intent (热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I squeezed back into my car, I saw the same lady (28) _____ (look) in at me. “Hello,” she said, hesitantly. “This (29) _____ sound crazy but I was on my way to drop some of my mother’s things off at the charity bins. You are just so much (30) _____ her. You helped those people, I noticed, and you seemed so happy.” She looked at me meaningfully and passed a box in through the window. “I think she would like you to have it.” (31) _____ (shock), I took it from h er automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause, I opened the box. Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl. It was (32) _____ (nice) gift I’d ever received, and it was from a complete stranger. The necklace was around my neck, a warm reminder of human kindness.(B)Ask Helpful HannahDear Helpful Hannah,I’ve got a problem with my husband, Sam. He bought a smartphone a couple of months ago, and he took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado. It was a great trip except for one problem. He has a constant urge (33) _____ (check) for text messages; he checks his phone every five minutes! He’s so addicted to it that he just can’t stand the idea (34) _____ there may be an important text. He can’t help checking even at inappropri ate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him! He behaves (35) _____ _____ any small amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone even when he knows he shouldn’t. The temptation to see (36) _____ is contacting him is just too great. When I ask him to please put down the phone and stop (37) _____ (ignore) me, he says, “In a minute,” but still checks to see if (38) _____ has posted something new on the Internet. Our life (39) _____ (interrupt). If we go somewhere and I ask him to leave the phone at home, he suffers from withdrawal symptoms. Maybe this dependency on his smartphone has become more than an everyday problem.I recently read an article about “nomophobia,” (40) _____ is a real illness people can suffer from: the fear of being without your phone! I am worried that Sam may be suffering from this illness because he feels anxious if he doesn’t have his phone with him, even for a short time.Who would have thought that little devices like these could have brought so much trouble!Sick and Tired Sadie Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Considering how much time people spend in offices, it is important that work spaces be well designed. Well-designed office space s help create a corporation’s image. They motivate workers, and they make an impression on people who visit and might be potential, or 41 , customers. They make businesses work better, and they are a part of the corporate culture we live in.As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one, office designers have come up with 42 to the traditional work environments of the past. The design industry has moved away from a fixed office setup and created more flexible “strategic management environment.” These 43 solutions are meant to support better organizational performance.As employee hierarchies〔等级制度〕have flattened, or decreased, office designers’ response to this change has been to move open-plan areas to more desirable locations within the office and create fewer formal private offices. The need for increased flexibility has also been 44 by changes in workstation design. Offices and work spaces often are not 45 to a given person on a permanent basis. Because of changes to methods of working, new designs allow for expansion or movement of desks, storage, and equipment within the workstation. Another important design goal is communication, which designers have improved by lowering the walls that 46 workstations. Designers have also created informal gathering places, and upgraded employees’47 to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms.Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number of competing and often 48 demands, including budgetary limits, employee hierarchies, and technological innovation〔especially in relation to computerization〕. These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors〔内饰〕that in some way enhance, establish, o r promote a company’s image and will enable employees to 49 at their best.All these 50 of office design are related. The most successful office designs are like a good marriage --- the well-designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for each other.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect a deep interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people seemed to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 52 to people’s lives. The53 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 54 . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.First ImpressionTo help determine the 56 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each othe r’s individuality. Then students were asked to 57 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their 58 judgments often held true. Students seemed to 59 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.The 60 KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones — natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling 61 to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as 62 as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for 63 . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we 64 attractiveness seems to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to 65 words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.51. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise52. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. beneficial53. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle54. A. tested B. imposed C. changed D. created55. A. appearances B. virtues C. similarities D. passions56. A. illustrations B. implications C. ingredients D. intentions57. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall58. A. critical B. initial C. random D. mature59. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. question60. A. Nose B. Eye C. Heart D. Hand61. A. open B. alert C. resistant D. superior62. A. disappointed B. amazed C. confused D. gifted63. A. emotions B. attractiveness C. individuality D. signals64. A. enhance B. possess C. maintain D. asses65. A. familiar B. plain C. positive D. irritatingSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Look to many of history’s cultural symbols, and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in the movie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s. I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms of folk art during several years of research around the world.For example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in his mansion’s courtyard.The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing weeks called the Winter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a reflection of people’s imagination. For the people of Brussels, this was a defining moment of artistic freedom. At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed, don’t worry: I’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich, Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechseläuten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Böögg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds. The parade ends with the Böögg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit. When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burnt down, the longer summer is said to be.66. According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages?A. People thought of snow as holy art supplies.B. People longed to see masterpieces of snow.C. Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.D. Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.67. “The heyday of the snowman” (paragra ph 4) means the time when___________.A. snowmen were made mainly by artistsB. snowmen enjoyed great popularityC. snowmen were politically criticizedD. snowmen caused damaging floods68. In Zurich, the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes__________________.A. the start of the paradeB. the coming of a longer summerC. the passing of the winterD. the success of tradesmen69. What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage?A. They were appreciated in historyB. They have lost their valueC. They were related to moviesD. They vary in shape and size(B)Scary BunnyThe Curse of the Were-Rabbit(2005) is the first full-length feature film made by directors Nick Park and Steve Box with their amazing plasticine (粘土) characters Wallace and Gromit. Itwon an Oscar in 2006, and if you watch it, you’ll understand why. It’s an absolutely brilliant cartoon comedy.Cheese-loving inventor Wallace and his brainy dog Gromit have started a company to protect the town’s vegetables from hungry rabbits. However, just before the annual Giant Vegetable Competition, an enormous rabbit begins terrorising the town. It is attacking all the vegetables and destroying everything in its path. The competition organizer, Lady Tottington, hires Wallace and Gromit to catch the monster alive. But they will have to find the were-rabbit before gun-crazy hunter Victor Quartermaine who is desperate to kill it.The screenplay is witty and full of amusing visual jokes. As usual, the voice of Peter Sallis is absolutely perfect for the role of Wallace, and Gromit is so beautifully brought to life, he can express a huge range of emotions without saying a word. And both Helena Bonham-Carter, who plays the part of Lady Tottington, and Ralph Fiennes as Victor are really funny.To sum up, The Curse of the Were-Rabbit is an amazing film which is suitable for both children and adults. If you liked Wallace and Gromit’s previous adventures and you appreciate the British sense of humour, you’ll love this film. Don’t miss it!70. In the film review, what is paragraph A mainly about?A. The introduction to the leading rolesB. The writer’s opinion of actingC. The writer’s comments on the storyD. The background information71. According to the film review, “the monster” (paragraph B) refers to ______.A. a gun-crazy hunterB. a brainy dogC. a scary rabbitD. a giant vegetable72. Which of the following is a reason why the writer recommends the film?A. It’s full of wit and humour.B. Its characters show feelings without words.C. It is an adventure film directed by Peter Sallis.D. It is about the harmony between man and animals.(C)One of the executives gathered at the Aspen Institute for a day-long leadership workshop using the works of Shakespeare was discussing the role of Brutus in the death of Julius Caesar. “Brutus was not an honorable man,” he said.“He was a traitor〔叛徒〕. And he murdered someone in cold blood.” The agreement was that Brutus had acted with cruelty when other options were available to him. He made a bad decision, they said—at least as it was presented by Shakespeare—to take the lead in murdering Julius Caesar. And though one of the executives acknowledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind, Caesar was nevertheless his superior. “You have to understand,” the executives said, “our policy is to obey the chain of command.”During the last few years, business executives and book writers looking for a new way to advise corporate America have been exploiting Shakespeare’s wisdom for profitable ends. None more so than husband and wife team Kenneth and Carol Adelman, well-known advisers to the White House, who started up a training company called “Movers and Shakespeares”. They are amateur Shakespeare scholars and Shakespeare lovers, and they have combined their passion and their high level contacts into a management training business. They conduct between 30 and 40 workshops annually, focusing on half a dozen different plays, mostly for corporations, but also for government agencies.The workshops all take the same form, focusing on a single play as a kind of case study, and using individual scenes as specific lessons. In Julius Caesar, for example, Cassius’s sly provocation〔狡诈的挑唆〕of Brutus to take up arms against Caesar was a basis for a discussion of methods of team building and grass roots organising.Although neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature, the programmes contain plenty of Shakespeare tradition and background. Their workshop on Henry V, for example, includes a helpful explanation of Henry’s winning strategy at the Battle of Agincourt. But they do come to the text with a few biases (偏向): their reading of Henry V minimizes his misuse of power. Instead, they emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader. And at the workshop on Caesar, Mr. Adelmans had little good to say about Brutus, saying “the noblest Roman of them all” couldn’t make his mind up about things.Many of the participants pointed to very specific elements in the play that they felt to be related. Caesar’s pride, which led to his murder, and Brutus’s mistakes in leading the traitors after the murder, they said, raise vital questions for anyone serving in a business: when and how do you resist the boss?73. According to paragraph 1, what did all the executives think of Brutus?A. Cruel.B. Superior.C. Honorable.D. Rude74. According to the passage, the Adelmans set up “Movers and Shakespeares” to ________.A. help executives to understand Shakespeare’s plays betterB. give advi ce on leadership by analyzing Shakespeare’s playsC. provide case studies of Shakespeare’s plays in literature workshopsD. guide government agencies to follow the characters in Shakespeare’s plays.75. Why do the Adelmans conduct a workshop on Henry V?A. To highlight the importance of catching opportunities.B. To encourage masterful leaders to plan strategies to win.C. To illustrate the harm of prejudices in management.D. To warn executives against power misuse.76. It can be inferred from the passage that ____.A. the Adelmans’ programme proves biased as the roles of characters are maximized.B. executives feel bored with too many specific elements of Shakespeare’s plays.C. the Adelmans will make more profits if they are professional scholars.D. Shakespeare has played an important role in the management field.77. The best title for the passage is _____.A. Shakespeare’s plays: Executives reconsider corporate cultureB. Shakespeare’s plays: An essential key to business successC. Sh akespeare’s plays: a lesson for business motivationD. Shakespeare’s plays: Dramatic training brings dramatic resultsSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Yo uth sport has the potential to accomplish three important objectives in children’s development. First, sport programs provide youth with opportunities to be physically active, which can lead to improved physical health. Second, youth-sport programs have long beenconsidered important to youth’s psychosocial development, providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control. Third, youth sport programs are critical for the learning of motor skills〔运动技能〕; these motor skills serve as a foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult sport participants. When coachers develop activities for youth practices and when sport organizations design youth-sport programs, they must consider the implication of deliberate play and deliberate practice.Research from Telama (2006) states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities during childhood and youth (ages nine to eighteen) increases the likelihood of participation in sports during adulthood by six times for both males and females. Côté(2002) defines deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment. These activities are regulated by flexible rules adapted from standardized sport rules and are set up by the children or by an involved adult. Children typically change rules to find a point where their game is similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level. For example, children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment (e.g., in the street, on a playing field or in someone’s backyard). When involved in deliberate play activities, children are less concerned with the outcome of their behavior (whether they win or lose) than with the behavior (having fun).On the other hand, Ericsson (1993) suggests that the most effective learning occurs through involvement in highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice activities require effort, produce no immediate rewards, and are motivated by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment. When individuals are involved in deliberate play, they experiment with new or different combinations of behaviors, but not necessarily in the most effective way to improve performance. In contrast, when individuals are involved in deliberate practice, they exhibit behavior focused on improving performance by the most effective means available. For example, the backhand skills in tennis could be learned and improved over time by playing matches or by creating fun practice situations. However, players could more effectively improve their backhand performance by practicing drills that might be considered less enjoyable. Although the drills used in deliberate practice might not be the most enjoyable, they might be the most relevant to improving performance.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS) 78. Besides the learning of motor skills, what are the other two important objectives of youth sport?79. If children participate in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities, they are more likely to________________.80. In deliberate play activities, what do children do to maximize enjoyment?81. In contrast to deliberate play, deliberate practice is aimed at____________.第II卷〔共47分〕I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。

普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(上海卷)英语答案解析(正式版)(原卷版).docx

高中英语学习材料***鼎尚图文理制作***考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

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第I卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the questions you have heard.1. A. impatient B. confused C. pleased D. regretful2. A. at a bus stop B. at a laundry C. at the dentist’s D. at the chemist’s3. A. An actor B. A salesman C. A translator D. A writer4. A. He lost his classmate’s homework. B. He can’t help the woman with her math.C. He broke the woman’s calculator.D. He doesn’t know where the “on” button is.5. A. The woman should go to another counter.B. The woman gives the man so many choices.C. The man dislike the sandwiches offered there.D. The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.6. A. She has no idea where to find the man’s exam result.B. S he isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.C. Dr. White hasn’t finish grading the papers.D. Dr. White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.7. A. Move to a neat dormitory B. Find a person to share their apartmentC. Clean the room with the roommateD. Write an article about their roommate8. A. Bob won’t take her adviceB. Bob doesn’t want to go abroadC. She doesn’t think Bob should study overseasD. She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went aboard9. A. The snack bar isn’t usually s o empty. B. Dessert is served in the snack bar.C. The snack bar is near the library.D. Snacks aren’t allowed in the library.10. A. Take her bicycle to the repair shop. B. Leave her bicycle outside.C. Clean the garage after the rain stops.D. Check if the garage is dry.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It helps care for customers’ dogs.B. You have to buy food for dogs.C. None of the dogs are caged.D. There is a dog named Princess.12. A. She likes the food there.B. She enjoys the fun with a pet.C. She can have free coffee.D. She doesn’t like to be alone.13. A. A new kind of cafe.B. A new brand of cafe.C. A new home for pets.D. A new way to raise pets.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. A trend that high achievers are given a lower salary.B. A view that life quality is more important than pay.C. A dream of the young for fast-paced jobs.D. A new term created by high achievers.15. A. 10% B. 12% C. 6% D. 7%16. A. People are less satisfied with their lives.B. The financial investment may increase.C. Well-paid jobs are not easy to find.D. Unexpected problems may arise.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD for each answer.SRTService NotesAccount No.: 17Service Request: Check the 18Solutions: Send another 19 (2 pm on 20 )Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.In what way are these climbers special?They are all 21 .Why did they choose to conquer Mount Kilimanjaro?22 .What did they do in time of difficulty? They persevered, 23 each other.How did they record their adventure?By keeping 24 .II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy. The first parking space I found was convenient, but I'd noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a while. (25) _____ I was in a good mood, I let her have it. On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot—it was a tight fit.Pretty soon I'd made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air. Feeling good, I (26) _____(empty) my purse change into the hands of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park（倒车）.Just as I approached my car, 1 saw the woman I'd let have my car space earlier. She was giving me (27) _____ odd look—half puzzled, half intent (热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I squeezed back into my car, I spotted the same lady (28) _____ (look) in at me. "Hello," she said, hesitantly. "This (29) _____ sound crazy but I was on my way to drop some of my mother's things off at the charity bins.” You are just so much (30) _____ her.” You helped those people, I noticed, and you seemed so happy.” She looked at me me aningfully and passed a box in through the window. “I think she would like you to have it.” (31) _____ (shock), I took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause, I opened the box. Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl. It was (32) _____(nice) gift I'd ever received, and it was from a complete stranger. The necklace was around my neck, a warm reminder of human kindness.(B)Ask helpful HannahDear helpful Hannah,I’ve got a problem with my husband, Sam. He bought a smart phone a couple of months ago and he took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado, it was a great trip except for one problem. He has a constant urge (33) for next messages; he checks his phone every five minutes! He’s so addicted to it that he just can’t stand the idea (34) there may be an important text. He can’t help checking even at inappropriate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him! He behaves (35) any small amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone even when he know he shouldn’t. The temptation to see (36) is connecting him is just too great. When I ask him to put down the phone and stop (37) (ignore) me, he say, “In a minute.” but still checks t o see if (38) has posted something new on the Internet. Our life (39) (interrupted). If we go somewhere and I ask him to have the phone at home, he suffers from withdrawal symptom. May this dependency on his smart phone has become more than an everyday problem.I recently read an article about “nomophobia,” (40) is a real illness people can’t suffer from the fear of being without your phone! I am worried that Sam maybe suffering from this illness because he feels anxious if he doesn’t have his phone with him, even for a short time.Who would have thought that little devices like these could have brought so much trouble!Sick and Tired SadieSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. accessB. alternativesC. designedD. confirmedE. conflictingF. elementsG. function H. innovative I. prospective J. separate K. supportingConsidering how much time people spend in effects, it is important that with A be well designed. Well-designed office spaces h elp create a corporation’s image. They motivate workers and they make an impression on people who visit and might be potential, or 41 , customers. They make business work better, and they are a part of the corporate culture to live in.As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one, office designers come up with 42 to the traditional work environments of the past. The design industry has moved away from a fixed office setup and created more flexible “strategic management environments.” These 43 solutions are meant to support better organizational performance.As employee hierarchies （等级制度）have flattened or decreased, office designers’ response to this change has been to move open-plan areas to more desirable locations within the office and create fewer formal private offices. The need for increased flexibility has also been 44 by changes in workstation design. Office and work spaces often are not 45 to a given person on a permanent basis. Because of changes to methods of working, new design allow for expansion or movement of desks, storage, and equipment within the workplace. Another important design goal is communication, which designers have improved by breaking the walls that 46 workstations. De signers have also created informal gathering places and upgraded employees’47 to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms.Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number of competing and often 48 demands, including budgetary limits, employees hierarchies and technological innovation (especially in relation to computerization). These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors (内饰) that in some way enhance, establish or possess a company’s image and will enable employees to 49 and their best.All these 50 of office design are related. The most successful office designs are like good marriage—the well-designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for each other.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people’s earned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 52 in people’s lives. The 53 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 54 . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.First ImpressionTo help determine the 56 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to 57 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their 58 judgments often held true. Students seemed to 59 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.The 60 KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones — natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling 61 to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as 62 as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for 63 . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we 64 attractiveness seem to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to 65words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.51. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise52. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. artificial53. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle54. A. tested B. impressed C. changed D. created55. A. appearances B. virtues C. similarities D. passions56. A. illustrations B. implications C. ingredients D. intentions57. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall58. A. critical B. initial C. random D. mature59. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. question60. A. Nose B. Eye C. Heart D. Hand61. A. open B. alert C. resistant D. superior62. A. disappointed B. amazed C. confused D. gifted63. A. emotion B. attractiveness C. individuality D. signals64. A. enhance B. possess C. maintain D. assess65. A. familiar B. plain C. positive D. irritatingSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Look to many of history’s cultural symbols, and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in the movie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s. I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms of life art during several years of research around the world.For example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time oflimited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in his mansion’s courtyard.The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing works called the Winter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a reflection of people’s imagination. For the people of Brussels, this was a defining moment of defining freedom. At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed, don’t worry: I’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich, Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechselauten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Boogg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds. The parade ends with the Boogg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit. When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burnt down, the longer summer is said to be.66.According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages?A.People thought of snow as holy art supplies.B.People longed to see masterpieces of snow.C.Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.D.Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.67.“The heyday of the snowman” (paragraph 4) means the time when___________.A.snowmen were made mainly by artistsB.snowmen enjoyed great popularityC.snowmen were politically criticizedD.snowmen caused damaging floods68.In Zurich, the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes__________________.A.the start of the paradeB.the coming of a longer summerC.the passing of the winterD.the success of tradesmen69.What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage?A.They were appreciated in historyB.They have lost their valueC.They were related to moviesD.They vary in shape and size(B)The Curse of the Were-Rabbit(2005) is the first full-length featurefilm made by directors Nick Park and Steve Box with their amazingplasticine(粘土) characters Wallace and Gromit. It won an Oscar in2006, and if you watch it, you’ll understand why. It’s an absolutelybrilliant cartoon comedy.Cheese-loving inventor Wallace and his brainy dog Gromit havestarted a company to protect the town’s vegetables from hungry rabbits.However, just before the annual Giant Vegetable Competition, anenormous rabbit begins terrorising the town. It is attacking all thevegetables and destroying everything in its path. The competitionorganizer, Lady Tottington, hires Wallace and Gromit to catch themonster alive. But they will have to find the were-rabbit beforegun-crazy hunter Victor Quartermaine who is desperate to kill it.The screenplay is witty and full of amusing visual jokes. As usual,the voice of Peter Sallis is absolutely perfect for the role of Wallace, andGromit is so beautifully brought to life, he can express a huge range ofemotions without saying a word. And both Helena Bonham-Carter, whoplays the part of Lady Tottington, and Ralph Fiennes as Victor are reallyfunny.To sum up, The Curse of the Were-Rabbit is an amazing film whichis suitable for both children and adults. If you liked Wallace andGromit’s pre vious adventures and you appreciate the British sense ofhumour, you’ll love this film. Don’t miss it!70. In the film review, what is paragraph A mainly about?A. The introduction to the leading rolesB. The writer’s opinion of actingC. The writer’s comments on the storyD. The background information71. According to the film review, “monster” (paragraph B) refers to ______.A. a gun-crazy hunterB. a brainy dogC. a scary rabbitD. a giant vegetable72. Which of the following is a reason why the writer recommends the film?A. It’s full of wit and humour.B. Its characters show feelings without words.C. It is an adventure film directed by Peter Sallis.D. It is about the harmony between man and animals.(C)One of the executives gathered at the Aspen Institute for a day-long leadership workshop using the works of Shakespeare was discussing the role of Brutus in the death of Julius Caesar. “Brutus was not an honorable man,” he said. “He was a traitor（叛徒）. And he murdered someone in cold blood.” The agreement was that Brutus had actedwith cruelty when other options were available to him. He made a bad decision, they said—at least as it was presented by Shakespeare—to take the lead in murdering Julius Caesar. And though one of the executives acknowledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind, Caesar was nevertheless his superior. “You have to endeavor,” the executives said, “our policy is to obey the chain of command.”During the last few years, business executives and book writers looking for a new way to advise corporate America have been exploiting Shakespeare’s wisdom for profitable ends. None more so than husband and wife team Kenneth and Carol Adelman, well-known advisers to the White House, who started up a training company called “Movers and Shakespeares”. They are amateur Shakespeare scholars and Shakespeare lovers, and they have combined their passion and their high level contacts into a management training business. They conduct between 30 and 40 workshops annually, focusing on half a dozen different plays, mostly for corporations, but also for government agencies.The workshops all take the same form, focusing on a single play as a kind of case study, and using individual scenes as specific lessons. In Julius Caesar , sly provocation（狡诈的挑唆）of Brutus to take up arms against the what was a basis for a discussion of methods of team building and grass roots organism.Although neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature, the programmes, contain plenty of Shakespeare tradition and background. Their workshop on Henry V, for example, includes a helpful explanation of Henry’s winning strategy at the Battle of Agincourt. But they do come to the text with a few biases (偏向): their reading of Henry V minimizes his misuse of power. Instead, they emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader. And at the workshop on Caesar, Mr. Adelmans had little good to say about Brutus, saying “the noblest Roman of them all” couldn’t make his mind up about things.Many of the participants pointed to very specific elements in the play that they felt related Caesar’s pride, which led to his murder, and Brutus’s mistakes in leading the after the murder, they said, raise vit al questions for anyone serving as a business when and how do you resist the boss?73. According to paragraph 1, what did all the executives think of Brutus?A. Cruel.B. Superior.C. Honorable.D. Bade74. According to the passage, the Ade lmans set up “Movers and Shakespeares” to ________.A. help executives to understand Shakespeare’s plays betterB. give advice on leadership by analyzing Shakespeare’s playsC. provide case studies of Shakespeare’s plays in literature workshopsD. guid e government agencies to follow the characters in Shakespeare’s plays.75. Why do the Adelmans conduct a workshop on Henry V?A. To highlight the importance of catching opportunities.B. To encourage masterful leaders to plan strategies to win.C. To illustrate the harm of prejudices in management.D. To warn executives against power misuse.76. It can be inferred from the passage that ____.A. the Adelmans’ programme proves biased as the roles of characters are maximized.B. executives feel bored with t oo many specific elements of Shakespeare’s plays.C. the Adelmans will make more profits if they are professional scholars.D. Shakespeare has played an important role in the management field.77. The best title for the passage is _____.A. Shakespeare’s plays: Executives reconsider corporate cultureB. Shakespeare’s plays: An essential key to business successC. Shakespeare’s plays: a lesson for business motivationD. Shakespeare’s plays: Dramatic training brings dramatic resultsSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Youth sport has the potential to accomplish three important objectives in children’s development. First, sport programs can provide youth with opportunities to be physically active, which can lead to improved physical health. Second, youth sport programs have long been considered important to youth’s psychosocial development, providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control. Third, youth sport programs are critical for the learning of motor skills; these motor skills serve as a foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult sport participants. When coachers develop activities for youth practices and when sport organizations design youth-sport programs, they must consider the implication ofdeliberate play and deliberate practice.Research from Telama (2006) states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities during childhood and youth (ages nine to eighteen) increases the likelihood of participation in sports during adulthood by six times for both males and females. Côté (2002) defines deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment. These activities are regulated by flexible rules adapted from standardized sport rules and are set up by the children or by an involved adult. Children typically change rules to find a point where their game is similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level. For example, children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment (e.g. in the street. on a playing field or in someone’s backyard). When involved in deliberate play activities, children are less concerned with the outcome of their outcome of their behavior (whether they win or lose) than with the behavior (having fun).On the other hand, Ericsson (1993) suggests that the most effective learning occurs through involvement in highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice activities require effort, produce no immediate rewards, and are motivated by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment. When individuals are involved in deliberate play, they experiment with different combinations of behaviors, but not necessarily in the most effective way to improve performance. In contrast, when individuals are involved in deliberate practice, they exhibit behavior focused on improving performance by the most effective means available. For example, the backhand skills in tennis could be learned and improved over time by playing matches or by creating fun practice situations. However, players could more effectively improve their backhand performance by practicing drills that might be considered less enjoyable. Although drills are used in most effective means available practice might not be the most enjoyable, they might be the most relevant to improving performance.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. Besides the learning of motor skills, what are the other two important objectives of youth sport?79. If children participate in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities, they are more likely to________________.80. In deliberate play activities, what do children do to maximize enjoyment?81. In contrast to deliberate play, deliberate practice is aimed at____________.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。

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