刑事诉讼专家辅助人制度研究

法律硕士专业学位论文刑事诉讼专家辅助人制度研究The research of Expert Assistant System in criminal procedure作者姓名：万莎莎指导教师：王勇西南政法大学Southwest University of Political Science and Law内容摘要专家辅助人制度，受我国法律学者和实务界的法律精英们关注已经有很长一段时间了，而且在一定程度上也被运用到了某些实际的案例当中，该制度对于案件审理的辅助效果也是非常显著的。

只是，我们也必须看到它目前应用的范围主要是民事领域，具体来说则主要分布在医疗事故与知识产权等领域，其可以被引用的范围是十分狭窄的。

但是，随着新《刑事诉讼法》对专家辅助人制度的首次正式引进，极大地拓宽了该制度的运用范围。

本文本着一切从实践出发的原则，通过对我国首例刑事诉讼专家辅助人出庭的案例进行评述，力求厘清我国刑事司法中专家辅助人制度存在的一些利弊，试图对刑事诉讼专家辅助人制度在我国的具体运用提出一些可行之策。

由此，本文主要从以下四个部分进行叙述。

论文的第一个部分主要是通过对案例进行简单描述,从而对案例中因刑事诉讼专家辅助人制度引发的争议焦点做出分析。

该案之所以引发实务界与学界的广泛争议，与专家辅助人制度内容相关的主要有两个方面：1、案例前后存在两份性质完全不同的鉴定意见。

2、专家辅助人在庭上发表的专业性意见效果几乎为零。

出现这样严峻的现状，主要是由于我国刑事诉讼领域缺乏专家辅助人制度的具体操作规范以及能够让业内各界实务者默守的法律习惯。

其最直接相关的方面主要为：专家辅助人的地位不明确，进入刑事诉讼的程序不规范，对鉴定意见提出的意见的效力不清楚等。

文章的第二部分是对刑事诉讼专家辅助人制度相关的法理进行分析。

该部分首先从专家辅助人的概念出发，通过对两种法律体系下刑事诉讼专家辅助人制度的特点进行对比，进而凸显出各自的优缺点，为后文该制度在中国的良好运行提出改善意见奠定基础。

接着本文从刑事诉讼专家辅助人制度引入的背景出发，通过对该制度引入之前中国司法专家意见由司法鉴定一家主导所带来的不利局面进行分析，从而指出该制度地引进可以平衡之前的司法不公现象。

另外，本部分作者还通过对中国特殊环境下的刑事诉讼专家辅助人制度的研究，来说明在中国的法治环境下司法体制本身已经要求必须对该制度进行完善。

第三部分在结合上文对案例的法理分析的基础上，对本文研究的案例进行了更深层次的理论与实践分析。

通过对案例中出现的不符合法理性问题的分析，有针对性地得出1了强化该制度作用的实践性结论，即首先我国的司法实务者本身应该从实质上遵守法律，而不是将法律作为一种政治性工具，将其形式化，削弱化。

其次，我国司法实务者作为可能主导他人命运的裁判官，更应该时刻谨记维护他人应有的诉讼权利，不应对被告的诉讼权利受到侵犯的事实视而不见。

最后，在此基础之上，笔者阐述了建立该制度的作用。

第四部分提出了完善刑事诉讼专家辅助人制度的系统性建议。

笔者通过对上文案例中的专家辅助人制度地运行所引发的一系列争议问题的分析，归纳出了相关的争议焦点，并由此从立法和相应的配套制度两个方面对于完善刑事诉讼专家辅助人制度提出了系统的支持。

立法上，笔者建议在现有基础上应尽快出台具体的法律法规以明确该制度的操作规范和应有地位。

配套制度上，从专家意见质证制度的建立，到法官证据采纳意见说明制度，以及保障该制度顺利运行的专家辅助人援助制度的配合。

这一整个的配套制度在我国当前的司法环境下几乎还没有痕迹，应该尽早地确立起来。

关键词：刑事诉讼；专家辅助人制度；专家意见2AbstractExpert Assistant System is concerned by legal scholars and legal practitioners’ elites for a long period of time. At one time, it was applied to some of the actual case to a certain extent, which is apparently helpful for the result of the case. However, people must recognize its range of applications was primarily in the areas of civil proceedings, specifically, are mainly distributed in the areas of medical malpractice and intellectual property, which can be narrowly referenced. However, in the latest "Code of Criminal Procedure" the Experts Assist System was officially introduced for the first time, which has greatly broadened the scope of the assistant system’s application. In this paper, based on the principle of all starting from the practice, through to our country's first criminal litigation experts assist people to appear in court case was reviewed, seeks to clarify the expert auxiliary in the criminal justice system in China exist some of the advantages and disadvantages, trying to expert auxiliary system in our country's criminal procedure shall be applicable to the specific put forward some feasible. Thus, this article narrates from the following four parts.The first part of the thesis is to introduce the development of the case and the case of the focus of controversy related criminal proceedings triggered Expert Assistant system for analysis. The reason why the case triggers controversy in the practice and academic circles ,with the expert auxiliary system related content mainly has two aspects: 1.There are two completely different nature of expert opinions before the case. 2. The effect of the expert opinion of experts which was published in the court to assist the defendant almost be zero. And now the such grim situation, mainly due to lack of specific litigation on operations about the Expert Assistant system for the criminal practitioner and the specific legal habit to allow all legal practitioner to comply. The existed problems of the Expert Assistant system are most directly involved with the expert assisted person's status is not clear, the procedure involved in litigation are not standardized, the effectiveness of the expert opinions expressed vaguely.In the second part, the author analyzed the related legal theories of the criminal proceedings expert assistant system. This part firstly start from the concept of expert auxiliary one, through the criminal proceedings under two kinds of legal system expert auxiliary system, comparing the characteristics of China and highlights the respective advantages and disadvantages, to later good operation of the system in China and lay a foundation1improvement opinion. And then introduced criminal proceedings expert auxiliary system background, discussed the system before the introduction of China's judicial expert opinion dominated by judicial authentication a brought about by the adverse situation, lead to the system prior to introduction to balance tendency of judicial injustice. In addition, this part the author also studied the growth environment of the system in China, suggests that the judicial system in China's judicial environment itself has demanded that must to perfect the system.The third part was mainly to analyze the case mentioned above from theory and practice on the basis of a combination of the above legal analysis of the case. The author firstly discussed the problems of inconsistency of the case with the legal rational analysis, then attempt to draw some conclusion which can enhance the efficiency of the Expert Assistant System. Firstly, the Chinese judicial practitioner themselves should comply with the law in essence, rather than make the law as one kind of political tool ,or make the law only formalize. Secondly, the Chinese judicial practitioners who could control other people’s fate should always bear the rights of the defendant in mind, and should not neglect the fact of the violation of defendant’s sue rights. Lastly, on this basis, the author describes the ideal role and significance of the expert assistant system.The fourth part is to make recommendations to improve the Expert assistant system at the basis of above analysis for this article. The author summarized the relevant focus of controversy through a series of controversial issues of the above case on Expert System appeared. Then the author made some suggestions to improve the Expert assistant system from tow aspects: on the criminal legislation and some other system to support. On the legislation, the author proposed some suggestions to publish the specific proper operation of the system and as soon as possible to clarify its status. On the supporting institution, there are three angles to improve the system. For example, cross-examination system should established to support the expert opinion, similarly the justice should give the completely explanation on the adoption of expert opinion; at last, to guarantee the Expert Assistant System smoothly running, which should be established as soon as possible.Keywords: criminal procedure; Expert Assistant System; expert opinion2目录引言 (1)一、案件的基本情况 (2)（一）案情介绍 (2)（二）分歧意见 (2)（三）争论焦点 (4)二、相关问题的法理分析 (6)（一）专家辅助人的概念辨析 (6)（二）大陆法系与英美法系专家辅助人制度的对比 (6)（三）专家辅助人制度引入的背景 (7)（四）专家辅助人制度在我国生长的环境分析 (9)三、本案的分析与结论 (9)（一）严格遵守法律，强化专家辅助人的法律地位 (10)（二）专家辅助人赋予双方平等的诉讼权利 (10)（三）刑事诉讼中专家辅助人制度设立的作用 (12)四、刑事诉讼专家辅助人制度的完善 (13)（一）专家辅助人的立法完善 (13)（二）确立专家辅助人意见质证的制度 (15)（三）法官对专家意见的取舍必须具备充分的说明 (16)（四）确立专家辅助人援助制度 (17)参考文献..................................................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。