高三英语阅读理解：语义转换题
江苏高考英语任务型词义转换
be able to pay money for sth/be able to buy
60.be afraid of sth
fearsth
61.afterwards
afterthat/lateron
62.again
Once more
63.be against
oppose/object to/disagreeto sth/disapproveof
enablesb to do sth
20. a growing number
Anincreasingnumber
21.more people choose to do sth.
tendto do sth
22. work out a plan
makea plan
23. like sth better
prefersth
beloadedwith
97.calculate
figure out
98.calm
not excited
99.cancel
calloff
100.be capable of
be able to
101.care about
pay attention to sth.
102.caterto one's need
solutions tocopingwith/howto cope with
16.spread in the same way
no difference inspreading
17. yearly/ every year
annual
18. don’t do sth
avoiddoing sth
1. 第一周 语意转换题
在阅读理解中，绝大多数题是细节题，正确解答细节题是 高考阅读成功的关键，因此，完全可以说“细节决定成败”。 细节题在文中都可找到较为明显的依据。高考中必有一篇属于 信息类文本，考查考生快速查读、获取具体信息的能力，其考 题中正确选项大多与原文一模一样。其他文体中的题，也有的 与原文近乎一样，有的只是转换一种说法 (同义转换或语意转 换)。以下两道例题就是语意转换题，请在文中找到并画出解题 依据，仔细对比文中信息与正确选项的对应关系，看看高考题 是如何转换表达的。
星期一 阅读理解
1. What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story?
A. We pay little attention to food waste. B. We waste food unintentionally at times. C. We waste more vegetables than meat. D. We have good reasons for wasting food.
问◇ What is the purpose of the project? 可知，该项目旨在提
［典型例题2］(2022年新高考Ⅰ卷·28) 高老年人的福利待遇 The elderly residents(居民) in care homes in London
are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely. The project was dreamed up by a local charity(慈善组织)
D. To promote the elderly people’s welfare. 同义
高二英语名词语义变化阅读理解20题
高二英语名词语义变化阅读理解20题1<背景文章>The word "book" can have different meanings depending on the context. Usually, we think of a book as a physical object with pages that contain words and pictures. However, "book" can also be used in other ways. For example, when we say "book a flight", it means to reserve or arrange a flight. Another example is "a book of matches", where "book" refers to a small collection or packet.The word "room" also has various meanings. It can be a physical space within a building, such as a bedroom or a living room. But it can also mean opportunity or space for something. For instance, "There is no room for error in this project." means that there is no opportunity or allowance for making mistakes.Similarly, "water" is commonly known as the liquid that we drink and use for various purposes. But it can also be used metaphorically. For example, "The speech was full of hot air and no substance, just like watered-down coffee." Here, "watered-down" means diluted or weakened.In conclusion, understanding the different meanings of nouns in different contexts is important for effective communication.1. When we say "book a flight", what does "book" mean?A. ReadB. WriteC. ReserveD. Sell答案：C。
英语高中词性转换练习题及讲解
英语高中词性转换练习题及讲解### English Grammar Exercise: Word TransformationIn this exercise, we will practice converting words from one part of speech to another. This is a fundamental skill in English grammar and will help you to understand how words can change their roles within a sentence. Below are a series of sentences where you are asked to change a word to a different part of speech while maintaining the meaning of the sentence.#### Instructions:1. Read the sentence carefully.2. Identify the word that needs to be changed.3. Change the word to the appropriate part of speech as indicated.4. Ensure that the new sentence is grammatically correct and makes sense.#### Exercise:1. Original: The noisy children disturbed the neighbors.Transformation: The children were noisily playing, which disturbed the neighbors.2. Original: She is very talented in music.Transformation: Her talent in music is very impressive.3. Original: The quick response saved many lives.Transformation: The response was quickly executed, saving many lives.4. Original: The happy family enjoyed their vacation.Transformation: The family's happiness was evident during their vacation.5. Original: The useful information helped us a lot.Transformation: The information was usefully presented, which helped us a lot.6. Original: The beautiful scenery took our breath away.Transformation: The scenery was beautifully picturesque.7. Original: He is known for his honest nature.Transformation: His honesty is well-known and respected.8. Original: The successful businesswoman has many achievements.Transformation: The businesswoman's success is evident through her many achievements.9. Original: The amazing performance left everyone speechless. Transformation: The performance was amazingly impressive.10. Original: The patient waited for hours for the appointment.Transformation: The waiting was patiently endured for hours.#### Explanation:- Adjectives to Adverbs: Adjectives describe nouns, while adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. For example, "noisy" is an adjective, and "noisily" is the adverb form, describing how the children were playing.- Adjectives to Nouns: Sometimes, an adjective can be theroot of a noun. For example, "talented" is an adjective, and "talent" is the noun form, referring to the quality of being talented.- Adjectives to Adverbs (with -ly): When an adjective ends in -le, the adverb form often ends in -ly. For example, "quick" becomes "quickly".- Nouns to Adjectives: Nouns can be turned into adjectives to describe another noun. For example, "happiness" is a noun,and when used to describe the family, it becomes an adjective.- Adjectives to Adverbs (with -ly, different form): Some adjectives have irregular adverb forms. For example, "useful" becomes "usefully".- Nouns to Adjectives: As seen in the "honest" to "honesty" transformation, the noun form can be used as an adjectivewhen describing a characteristic.- Adjectives to Nouns (with -ness): Adding -ness to an adjective can form a noun that describes the state or quality of the adjective. For example, "amazing" becomes "amazingly".- Adjectives to Adverbs (with -ly, irregular form): Some adjectives have irregular adverb forms that do not follow the -le to -ly pattern. For example, "patient" becomes "patiently".This exercise is designed to help you recognize and use different parts of speech flexibly in English. Practice makes perfect, so keep working on these transformations to improve your English grammar skills.。
高考英语任务型阅读信息转换与表述准确性单选题30题
高考英语任务型阅读信息转换与表述准确性单选题30题1. In the original text, it is said that "The book is very popular among students." Which of the following is an incorrect transformation?A. The book is quite popular with students.B. The book is very popular for students.C. The book is extremely popular among the students.D. The book is highly popular among students.答案：B。
本题考查信息转换的准确性。
选项A、C、D 都是正确的转换，意思与原句相近。
选项B 中“popular for”的用法错误，应该是“popular with/among”。
2. The original sentence is "She has a great interest in music." Which transformation is wrong?A. She is very interested in music.B. She shows a great interest in music.C. She has a strong interest in music.D. She has a great interest of music.答案：D。
选项A、B、C 都是正确的转换，表达了与原句相似的意思。
选项D 中“interest of”用法错误，正确的是“interest in”。
3. The text says "He is good at playing basketball." Which option is incorrect?A. He does well in playing basketball.B. He is skilled in playing basketball.C. He is expert at playing basketball.D. He is good for playing basketball.答案：D。
高三英语句子语义理解阅读理解20题
高三英语句子语义理解阅读理解20题1<背景文章>Understanding Sentence Semantics in Different ContextsSentences can take on different meanings depending on the context in which they are used. For example, the sentence "I saw the man with the binoculars." could mean that you saw a man who was holding binoculars, or it could mean that you used binoculars to see a man. Another example is the sentence "The chicken is ready to eat." This could mean that the chicken is prepared and ready for someone to eat it, or it could mean that the chicken is hungry and ready to eat something.Context plays a crucial role in determining the meaning of a sentence.A single word can also change the meaning of a sentence significantly. Consider the sentence "I like apples." Now, if we add the word "only" to it, it becomes "I like only apples." The meaning has changed from simply expressing a preference for apples to indicating a restriction to apples alone.Similarly, the placement of adverbs can affect the meaning. For instance, in the sentence "I often go to the park." if we move the adverb "often" to a different position, such as "I go often to the park." or "I go to the park often.", the meaning remains largely the same but there may be a slight nuance in emphasis.Understanding these nuances in sentence semantics is essential for effective communication and accurate interpretation of written and spoken language.1. The sentence "I saw the man with the binoculars." could mean ___.A. I saw a man and he had binoculars.B. I used binoculars to see a man.C. Both A and B.D. Neither A nor B.答案：C。
高三英语句子语义理解单选题20题
高三英语句子语义理解单选题20题1.The author's description in the novel is so vivid that it makes the readers feel as if they are in the story themselves.A.vividB.colorfulC.paleD.dull答案：A。
本题主要考查形容词的辨析。
“vivid”表示生动的、鲜明的；“colorful”表示丰富多彩的，侧重于颜色或经历的丰富；“pale”表示苍白的；“dull”表示枯燥的、无趣的。
在这个句子中，作者的描述让人感觉仿佛置身于故事中，说明描述是生动的，所以选A。
2.The news report about the disaster was very accurate and detailed.A.accurateB.inaccurateC.vagueD.exaggerated答案：A。
“accurate”表示准确的；“inaccurate”表示不准确的；“vague”表示模糊的；“exaggerated”表示夸张的。
新闻报道关于灾难应该是准确且详细的，所以选A。
3.The poem is full of beautiful imagery that makes the readers think deeply.A.imageryB.storyC.descriptionD.dialogue答案：A。
“imagery”表示意象、形象；“story”表示故事；“description”表示描述；“dialogue”表示对话。
诗中充满的是美丽的意象，能让读者深思，所以选A。
4.The article in the magazine is very informative and useful.rmativeB.boringC.confusingeless答案：A。
高三英语句子语义理解单选题20题及答案
高三英语句子语义理解单选题20题及答案1.The news report about the environmental protection measures has attracted wide attention.Which of the following statements is true according to the report?A.The government has taken no action.B.Only a few people are concerned about the environment.C.Many companies are actively involved in environmental protection.D.The problem of pollution is getting worse.答案：C。
A 选项说政府没有采取任何行动，与新闻报道中提到的环保措施相矛盾；B 选项说只有少数人关心环境，与报道吸引广泛关注不符；C 选项许多公司积极参与环保，符合新闻报道内容；D 选项污染问题越来越严重也与报道内容不符。
2.In daily life,we should try to reduce waste.Which of the following is the best way to do this?A.Buy more products.B.Throw away everything after using once.C.Reuse and recycle as much as possible.D.Never clean up.答案：C。
A 选项买更多产品会增加浪费；B 选项用过一次就扔掉所有东西会造成极大浪费；C 选项尽可能重复使用和回收利用是减少浪费的最好方法；D 选项从不清理也不是减少浪费的好办法。
3.The recent speech by the leader emphasized the importance ofeducation.Which of the following is NOT a benefit of education mentioned in the speech?A.Higher income.B.Better health.C.Less responsibility.D.More opportunities.答案：C。
高中英语 阅读理解题文同义转换词汇
同一意思
多种表达
舒适
_c_o_m__fo_r_t_a_b_l_e_, _a_t_e_a_s_e__
展览着 _o_n__s_h_o_w_/_d_is_p_l_a_y_/e_x_h_i_b_i_ti_o_n_
十年
__d_e_ca_d__e_, _te_n__y_e_a_r_s__
勇敢(去做) b__e_b_r_a_v_e_t_o_, _h__a_v_e_c_o_u_r_a_g_e_t_o__
出版
_c_o_m_e__o_u_t___, _b_e__p_u_b_l_is_h_e_d__
缺席
_b_e_a_b_s_e_n_t_f_r_o_m__, _b_e__n_o_t_p_r_e_s_e_n_t_a_t_
尤其
_p_a_r_t_ic_u_l_a_r_ly_, _in__p_a_r_t_ic_u_l_a_r
目前
_n_o_w_a_d__a_y_s __, _a_t_p_r_e_s_e_n_t__,
_a_t_t_h_e_p_r_e_s_e_n_t_t_im__e__
锻炼
_e_x_e_rc_i_s_e_, _w__o_r_k_o_u_t___
宣布
_a_n_n_o_u_n_c_e_/_d_e_c_la_r_e_s_t_h_,
两周
_f_o_r_t_n_ig_h_t__, _t_w_o__w_e_e_k_s__
违法的 _i_ll_e_g_a_l_, _n_o_t_l_e_g_a_l_, _a_g_a_in_s_t_t_h_e__la_w__
二十
_s_c_o_r_e_, _t_w_e_n_t_y___
满足需要 __ca_t_e_r_t_o_/_m_e_e_t_/s_a_t_is_f_y_t_h_e_n__ee_d__
高三英语句子语义理解单选题20题
高三英语句子语义理解单选题20题1.The new policy on environmental protection has received wide support. What does “wide support” mean?A.narrow supportB.limited supportC.broad supportD.slight support答案：C。
“wide support”表示广泛的支持。
A 选项“narrow support”是狭隘的支持；B 选项“limited support”是有限的支持；C 选项“broad support”是广泛的支持，与“wide support”意思最为接近；D 选项“slight support”是轻微的支持。
2.The recent trade talks between the two countries have made some progress. What does “made some progress” mean?A.made no progressB.made great progressC.made a little progressD.made a lot of progress答案：C。
“made some progress”表示取得了一些进展。
A 选项“made no progress”是没有进展；B 选项“made great progress”是取得了很大进展；C 选项“made a little progress”是取得了一点进展；D 选项“made a lot of progress”是取得了很多进展。
3.The international conference on climate change attracted manyexperts. What does “attracted many experts” mean?A.repelled many expertsB.dismissed many expertsC.engaged many expertsD.allured many experts答案：D。
高中英语阅读理解答题236个高频同义转换词速记
高中英语阅读理解答题236个高频同义转换词速记名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的从句，使用名词性从句可以使表达更加丰富、地道。
（一）主语从句：It做形式主语/What引导的主语从句功能：为避免头重脚轻，英语中习惯将真正的主语放在句尾，句首用it作形式主语。
What引导的主语从句常用作句型：最令某人印象深刻/吃惊/震惊的是......e.g.:1.It suddenly occurred to him that the family inside was in danger.2.What impressed him most is that his mother never lost faith in finding him.句子练习：1.我从未想到我们学校的篮球队会在决赛中败北。
It never occurred to me that the basketball team of my school would be defeated in the final.2.我突然意识到，与另一支队伍比赛是一个很好的学习机会。
It struck me all of a sudden that playing against the other team is a great learning opportunity.3.重要的是，我们从来没有丧失过继续努力的热情。
It is important that we never lose the enthusiasm to keep on trying.4.据说学习中心会提供帮助给像我这样的学生。
It is said that the Learning Center provides help for students like me.5.他是否能参加这次活动还不确定。
It is uncertain whether he can take part in the activity or not.6.众所周知，有志者事竟成。
高三英语句子语义理解单选题20题
高三英语句子语义理解单选题20题1. I still remember the day ______ I first came to this school.A. whenB. thatC. whichD. where答案：A。
本题考查定语从句。
先行词是the day，在从句中作时间状语，所以用when 引导定语从句。
B 选项that 和C 选项which 在定语从句中作主语或宾语，D 选项where 在定语从句中作地点状语，均不符合本题语境。
2. The reason ______ he was late was that he got up late.A. whyB. thatC. whichD. as答案：A。
此题考查定语从句。
先行词是the reason，在从句中作原因状语，所以用why 引导定语从句。
B 选项that 和 C 选项which 在定语从句中作主语或宾语，D 选项as 引导定语从句时，常与such, the same 等连用，均不符合本题。
3. This is the factory ______ my father works.A. whereB. thatC. whichD. when答案：A。
这是一个定语从句，先行词是the factory，在从句中作地点状语，要用where 引导。
B 选项that 和C 选项which 在定语从句中作主语或宾语，D 选项when 在定语从句中作时间状语，都不符合此处的语境。
4. He has two sons, ______ are college students.A. both of whomB. both of themC. both of whichD. all of whom答案：A。
本题考查非限制性定语从句。
先行词是two sons，指人，且在从句中作of 的宾语，要用both of whom 引导。
B 选项both of them 不能引导定语从句；C 选项both of which 用于先行词是物的情况；D 选项all 用于三者及以上，而此处是two sons，要用both。
高三英语句子语义理解单选题20题
高三英语句子语义理解单选题20题1.The teacher asked the students to be quiet,but they kept talking_____.A.loudlyB.softlyC.quicklyD.slowly答案：A。
本题考查副词的语义理解。
选项A“loudly”表示大声地，符合学生们在老师要求安静后还在继续说话的情景；选项B“softly”是轻声地，与题目情境不符；选项C“quickly”是快速地，主要强调速度，不适合这里的语境；选项D“slowly”是慢慢地，也不符合语境。
2.In the news report,it was said that the accident happened_____.A.suddenlyB.graduallyC.regularlyD.occasionally答案：A。
本题考查副词的语义理解。
选项A“suddenly”表示突然地，符合意外事故发生的特点；选项B“gradually”是逐渐地，事故一般不会逐渐发生；选项C“regularly”是有规律地，事故通常没有规律；选项D“occasionally”是偶尔地，不能准确描述事故发生的情况。
3.When I met my old friend,we greeted each other_____.A.warmlyB.coldlyC.carelesslyD.angrily答案：A。
本题考查副词的语义理解。
选项A“warmly”表示热情地，老友相见通常会热情打招呼；选项B“coldly”是冷淡地，不符合老友相见的情境；选项C“carelessly”是粗心地，不适合用于打招呼的情境；选项D“angrily”是生气地，也不符合老友相见的情况。
4.The speaker spoke so fast that I could hardly understand him_____.A.clearlyB.quicklyC.slowlyD.loudly答案：A。
2024年高三英语句子语义理解单选题40题
2024年高三英语句子语义理解单选题40题1.She is always so busy that she hardly has time for her hobbies.A.seldomB.neverC.occasionallyD.frequently答案：A。
seldom 表示“很少”，与hardly 意思相近；never 表示“从不”，过于绝对；occasionally 表示“偶尔”，与hardly 意思不符；frequently 表示“频繁地”，与题干意思相反。
2.I'm not sure if I can finish the task on time.A.doubtfulB.confidentC.certainD.sure答案：A。
doubtful 表示“怀疑的”，与not sure 意思一致；confident 表示“自信的”，与题干意思相反；certain 和sure 都表示“确定的”，与not sure 相悖。
3.The concert was so wonderful that everyone was deeply impressed.A.extremelyB.slightlyC.hardlyD.barely答案：A。
extremely 表示“极其”，与deeply 意思相近；slightly 表示“轻微地”，与wonderful 的程度不符；hardly 和barely 都表示“几乎不”，与题干意思相反。
4.He is always late for school, which makes his teacher very angry.A.oftenB.seldomC.neverD.occasionally答案：A。
often 表示“经常”，与always late 意思相符；seldom 和never 表示“很少”和“从不”，与题干不符；occasionally 表示“偶尔”，程度不如often。
高考英语 阅读微技能训练 词义句义推断题(1)
阅读微技能训练2—词义句义推断题1词义句义理解题是高考英语阅读理解中常见的题型，主要考查考生依据特定语境对某一单词、句子或句中某一部分的准确理解能力。
同学们应通过本专题巩固并加强训练通过构词、定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、同义、反义及语境等确定词义句义的技能。
◆设问特点：1 从原文中找单词，短语或句子设问。
2 所问词或句与该词该句常见意思不同，不能望文生义。
3 只有在具体的上下文中才可判断准确。
4 该句语法结构较难分析。
5 所考单词有的是生词，有的是旧词新意。
6 正确选项的特征是放在原文中不仅句意合理，上下文也合理。
7 错误选项或是字面意思，或是故意编造。
◆常考问题：1 The word … in ing bac again B becoming one againC meeting omeone againD eeing omeone again2 结合前缀和后缀猜测词义bA word written b cutting into the urfaceB name of famou ain idea2 A train i immobie when it _________A ove C move ient D goe bacward3 Becaue of the torm, the vae wa imore beautifu（二）根据语境判断词义这是提高阅读速度和理解率必备的判断断词义的能力。
语境可能是一个句子、几个句子、甚至一个段落或通篇文章。
我们可分别将其称为小语境、中语境和大语境。
1 小语境1 定义式常用词有：be, mean, be conidered, to be, be caed, define, re e; it wa a例2：Mechanied farming mean the ue of modern machiner on farm2 例举式常用词有：for eam arried oung e of their mone on aachine, refrigerator and teeviion例2：Doctor ugget that everone houd eercie ever da, e iar, that i to a, in other word, name, a, 等例1：Red had the onget waveength; that i, the ditance between each wave i onget in redight than in an other coor例2：The footba ent wa a good eon for him4 同位语构成同位关系的两部分之间常用逗号连接，有时也使用破折号，冒号，分号，引号和括号等。
高三英语阅读理解：语义转换题
(五)
41. Why was Jennifer watched in an online exam? (问原因)
A. To correct her typing mistakes. B. To find her secrets in the room. C. To prevent her from slowing down. D. To keep her from dishonest behaviors.
解析：根据顺序性原则，第26题可能在第一段， 第27题可能在第二段。 定位信息点：第26题用happy，第27题用sad作为 关键词，通过寻读，找到26题的答题信息在第一 段后面两句，第27题的答题信息在第二段第一句。 理解信息点：第26题，第一段最后一句中的it，指 前句中的people hold doors for me， pour cream into my coffee， or help me to put on my coat，人 们的这些具体的行为可以概括为they offer their help，故选A。语意转换方式：具体与概括。
D 前两段具体描述监控器如何监视Jennifer网上 考试，其原因是什么呢？由第三段第一句In the battle against cheating可知，Jennifer在考试中受 监控的原因是为了防止她作弊，故选D。
43. For Internet universities, exams and diplomas will be valid if .(问条件)
A 由最后一段第二句recognize possible cheaters by analyzing whether difficult test questions are answered at the same speed as easy ones可知，是 通过分析答题的速度来判断是否作弊，故选A。
高考英语阅读语义理解题
语义理解题第1招：不可仅根据孤立的句子进行判断阅读理解1With this unshakable belief, I, at fourteen, decided to becom e a writer. Here too, reading becam e useful. Every writer starts off knowing that he has som ething to say, but being unable to find the right ways to say i t. He has to find his own voice by reading widely and discovering which parts of the writers he agrees or disagrees with, or agrees with so strongly that it reshapes his own world. He cannot write without loving to read, because only through reading other people's writing can one discover what works, what doesn't and, in the end, together with lots of practice, what voice he has.1.The underlined word “voice” in the second paragraph m ost probably m eans “______”.A. an ideaB. a world to write aboutC. a way of writingD. a sound quality第2招：通过连接词判断词义阅读理解2I hated dinner parties. But I decided to give them another shot because I'm in London. And my friend Mallery invited me. And because dinner parties in London are very different from those back in New York. There, “I'm having a dinner party” m eans: “I'm booking a table for 12 at a restaurant you can't afford and we'll be sharing the cheque evenly, no matter what you eat.” Worse, in Manhattan there is always som eone who leaves before the bill arrives. They'll throw down cash, half of what they owe, and then people like m e, who don't drink, end up paying even more. But if I try to use the sam e trick, the hostess will shout: “Where are you going?” And it's not like I can say I have som ewhere to go: everyone knows I have nowhere to go.2.What does the word “shot” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A. Style.B. Try.C. Goal.D. Choice.阅读理解3Honesty com es in m any forms. First there's self-honesty. Is what people see the real article or do you appear through smoke and mirrors? I find that if I try to be som ething I'm not, I feel unsure of m yself and take out a part from my PBA (personal bank account). I love how singer Judy Garland put it, “Always be a first-class version (版本) of yourself, instead of a second-class version of som ebody else.”3.The underlined part “appear through smoke and mirrors” in the first paragraph means “______ ”.A. to becom e clearB. to be unrealC. to be honestD. to com e from an imagined world第3招：利用所举例子进行判断阅读理解4Som e family names were m ade by adding something to the father's name.English-speaking people added — s or — son. The Johnsons are descendants of John; the Roberts family's ancestor was Robert. Irish and Scottish people added Mac or Mc or O. Perhaps all of the MacDonnells and the McDonnells and the O'Donnells are descendants of the sam e Donnell.4.The underlined word “descendants” in the last paragraph m eans a person's ______.A. later sponsorsB. colleagues and partnersC. later generationsD. friends and relatives第4招：寻找标志性词语或特殊标点符号阅读理解5Think about som e of the gam es you played as a young child, such as rope-jumping and hide-and-seek. Such games are entertaining and fun. But perhaps m ore importantly, they translate life into exciting dramas that teach children som e of the basic rules they will be expected to follow the rest of their lives, such as taking turns and cooperating (合作).5.The underlined part in Paragraph 2 m ost probably m eans that gam es can ______.A. m ake learning life skills m ore interestingB. describe life in an exciting wayC. change people's views of sporting eventsD. turn real-life experiences into a play第5招：结合文章和段落主旨进行判断阅读理解6Wel com e to Windsor Castle, the oldest and largest occupied castle in the world. Windsor is one of the official residences（住所）of the Queen, who som etimes stays here. ...As Wintsor Castle is a working royal palace, visitors and their belongings should get through airport style security checks. For safety and security reasons a one-way system operates alone the visitor route.6.In the last part, a “working royal palace” refers to one ______.A. still being constructedB. still used by the royal familyC. where works of art are on showD. where the Queen usually works第6招：将各选项放到原文中检验阅读理解7I had always traveled to Malaysia by plane or car, so this was the first tim e I was on a train. I did not particularly relish the long train journey and had brought along a dozen magazines to read and reread. I looked about the train. There was not one familiar face. I sighed and sat down to read m y Economics.7.Which of the following words can best take the place of the word “relish” in the second paragraph?A. carry on.B. enjoy.C. choose.D. prepare for.即讲即练阅读理解8Fear plays no part in this latest problem. “I'm not afraid I'll lose my children. I won't lose m y children. We live together, and nothing, nothing,” she repeats, her voice rising when speaking to John's lawyer, “will stop m e from being wi th my children. A law? Yeah, right. Don't disturb me when it com es to m y children. You are never going to win. If John wants to see them, I cannot stop him. He's their father — I want them to see him! However, his visit in his present condition will disturb the children's stable (稳定的) life.”John, who has spent m uch of his tim e in California recently, has only hired a house for himself in Pennsylvania, according to his lawyer. “If he'd like to stick to a regular life, I'd be more than happy to do that,” Jane says. “The best thi ng for any child of adivorced (离婚的) parent is a stable life. I want nothing more than for him to set up a stable life for himself, so that he can be part of m aking our children's lives more stable.”While m atters of money and care won't be settled for weeks, Jane hardly puts her life on hold. Last week the ABC network announced that Jane would return with her own show, Twist of Jane, in which she gives advice to other m oms. Jane and her eight children will also return to ABC in a series of Jane Plus 8 specials showing them on various adventures. It's a rest for Jane, who insists that she needs her new, busy life to provide for her family. “I have to lead such a life, and I'm thankful that I've built it to the top where now I can support m y children.” s he says.And whether a bellicose (好斗的) dance judge or a bellicose form er wife, Jane plans to keep on facing attacks on her. “Some people try to knock m e down — only to m ake m e more fierce, m ore protective, m ore determined to do better,” she says. “Go ahead, take me on. This will just m ake me stronger.”9.What does “to do that” refer to in the second paragraph?A. To hire a house for John.B. To ask John to set up a regular life.C. To allow John to see the children.D. To live with John.10.What does the underlined sentence in the third paragraph m ean?A. Jane's life is very difficult.B. Jane almost can't control her life.C. Jane works very hard to live a happy life.D. Jane continues to live as usual.阅读理解9I know what you're thinking: pizza (比萨饼)? For breakfast? But the truth is that you can have last night's leftovers in the a. m. if you want to.I know lots of wom en who skip breakfast (不吃早餐), and they have a ton of different excuses for doing it . Som e say they don't have tim e. Others think they're “saving” calories (卡路里), still others just don't like breakfast food.But the bottom line is that eating in the m orning is very important when you're trying to lose weight. “Eating just about a nything from 300 to 400 calories would be better than nothing at all,” says Katherine Brooking, R, D, who developed the super-easy eating plan for this year's “SELF CHALLENGE”. And even pizza can be healthy if it's loaded with vegetables, and you stick to one sm all piece.Breakfast is one m eal I never miss, and the sam e goes for m ost weight loss success stories. Research shows that eating breakfast keeps you from overeating later in the day. Researchers at the University of Southern California found that breakfast skippers have a bigger chance of gaining weight than those who regularly have a morning meal.So eat som ething in the m orning, anything. I know plenty of friends who end up having no breakfast altogether, and have just coffee or orange juice. I say, try heating up last night's leftovers — it m ay sound crazy, but if it works for you, do it! I find if I tell m yself, “You can always eat it tom orrow,” I put away the leftovers instead of eating more thatnight. Try it...you m ay save yourself som e pre-bedtim e calories. And watch your body gain the fat-burning effects.12.The word “leftovers” in Paragraph 1 probably means ______.A. pizza topped with fruitB. things left undoneC. food rem aining after a m ealD. meals made of vegetables阅读理解10It is reported that conservation groups in North Am erica have been arguing about the benefits and dangers of wolves. Som e groups believe wolves should be killed. Other people believe wolves must be protected so that they will not disappear from the wilderness (荒野).For Killing WolvesIn Alaska, the wolf almost disappeared a few years ago, because hunters were killing hundreds of them for sport. However, 1aws were established to protect the wolves from sportsm en and people who catch the animals for their fur. So the wolf population has greatly increased. Now there are so m any wolves that they are destroying their own food supply.A wolf naturally eats animals in the deer family. People in the wilderness also hu nt deer for food. Many of the anim als have been destroyed by the very cold winters recently and by changes in the wilderness plant life. When the deer can't find enough food, they die.If the wolves continue to kill large numbers of deer, their prey (猎物) will disappear som e day. And the wolves will, too. So we m ust change the cycle of life in the wilderness to balance the ecology. If we killed more wolves, we would save them and their prey from dying out. We'd also save som e farm animals.In another northern state, wolves attack cows and chickens for food. Farmers want the government to send biologists to study the problem. They believe it necessary to kill wolves in some areas and to protect them in places where there is a sm all wolf population. Against Killing WolvesIf you had lived long ago, you would have heard many different stories about the dangerous wolf. According to m ost stories, hungry wolves often kill people for food. Even today, the stories of th e “big bad wolf” will not disappear.But the fact is wolves are afraid of people, and they seldom travel in areas where there is a hum an smell. When wolves eat other anim als, they usually kill the very young, or the sick and injured. The strongest survive. No kind of animal would have survived through the centuries if the weak m embers had lived. That has always been a law of nature.Although som e people say it is good sense to kill wolves, we say it is nonsense! Researchers have found wolves and their prey living in balance. The wolves keep the deer population from becoming too large, and that keeps a balance in the wilderness plant life. The real problem is that the areas where wolves can live are being used by people. Even if wilderness land is not used directly for human needs, the wolves can't always find enough food. So they travel to the nearest source, which is often a farm. Then there is danger. The “big bad wolf” has arrived! And everyone knows what happens next.17.Some people are against killing wolves because ______.A. there is too sm all a wolf population in the wildernessB. wolves help to keep the ecological balance in the wildernessC. there are too m any deer in the wildernessD. wolves are afraid of people and never attack people19.The last sentence “And everyone knows what happens next” implies that in such cases ______.A. wolves will kill people and people will in turn kill themB. farm animals will be in danger and have to be shipped awayC. people will leave the areas where wo lves can liveD. wolves will find enough food sources on farm s阅读理解11We have m et the enem y, and he is ours. We bought him at a pet shop. When monkey-pox, a disease usually found in the African rain forest, suddenly turns up in children in the Am erican Midwest, it's hard not to wonder if the disease that com es from foreign animals is homing in on human beings. “Most of the infections (感染) we think of as human infections staned in other animals,” says Stephen Morse, director of the Center for Public Health Preparedness at Columbia University.It's not just that we're going to where the animals are; we're also bringing them closer to us. Popular foreign pets have brought a whole new disease to this country. A strange illness killed Isaksen's pets, and she now thinks that keeping foreign pets is a bad idea. “I don't think it's fair to have them as pets when we have such a limited knowledge of them,” says Isaksen.“Laws allowing these animals to be brought in from deep forest areas without stricter control need changing,” says Peter Schantz. Monkey-pox may be the wake-up call. Researchers believe infected animals may infect their owners. We know very little about these new diseases. A new bug (病毒) may be kind at first. But it m ay develop intosom ething harm ful (有害的). Monkey-pox doesn't look a m ajor infectious disease. But it is not mpossible to pass the disease from person to person.22.What does the phrase “the wake-up call” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?A. a m orning call.B. a new disease.C. a clear warning.D. a dangerous animal.23.The text suggests that in the future we ______.A. should not be allowed to have petsB. may easily get infected by diseases from dogsC. m ay have to fight against m ore new diseasesD. should stop buying pets from Africa阅读理解12We once had a poster com petition in our fifth grade art class.“You could win prizes,” our teacher told us as she wrote the poster information on the blackboard. She passed out sheets of construction paper while continuing, “The first prize is ten dollars. You just have to m ake sure that the words on the blackboard appearsom ewhere on your poster.”We studied the board critically. Some of us looked with one eye and held up certain colors against the blackboard, rocking the sheets to the right or left while we conjured up our designs. Others twisted their hair around their fingers or chewed their erasers whiledeep in thought. We had plans for the ten-dollar grand prize, each and every one of us. I'm going to spend mine on candies, one hopeful would announce, while another practiced looking serious, wise and rich.Everyone in the class m ade a poster. Some of us used parts of those fancy paper napkins, while others used nothing but colored construction paper. Som e of us used big designs, and some of us preferred to gather our art tidily down in one corner of our poster and left the space draw the viewer's attention to it. Som e of us would wander past the good students' desks and then return to our own projects with a growing sense of hopelessness. It was yet another grown-up trick of the sort they seem ed especially fond of, making all of us believe we had a fair chance, and then always — always — rewarding the sam e old winners.I believe I drew a sailboat, but I can't say that with certainty. I m ade it I admire it. I determined it to be the very best of all of the posters I had seen, and then I turned it in.Minutes passed.No one cam e along to give m e the grand prize, and then som eone distracted m e, and I probably never would have thought about that poster again.I was still sitting at m y desk, thinking. What poster? When the teacher gave m e an envelope with a ten-dollar bill in it and everyone in the class applauded for m e.25.The underlined phrase in paragraph 3 most probably m eans ______.A. form ed an idea forB. made an outline forC. chose som e colors forD. made some space for28.We can infer from the passage that the author ______.A. enjoyed grown-up tricks very muchB. loved poster competitions very muchC. because wise and rich after the com petitionD. felt surprised to win the com petition阅读理解13The year 2009 is the Year of Ox. The ox is a representative of the fanning culture of China. In the farming econom y (经济), oxen are the m ajor animals pulling plows (犁).Of course, the good of oxen is not limited to plowing. In fact, they are seen as “boats on land” for their ability to carry loads. Besides, the whole body of an ox is full of treasures. Their meat and m ilk are food full of nutrition, and their skin can be used to m ake clothes and shoes. With all these qualities, oxen are regarded as generous creatures.In the past, oxen played an important role in the spiritual life of the Chinese. Even today, oxen still play a special part in som e folk activities. For exam ple, som e people who live in southwest China will cook cattle bone soup and share it am ong family m embers when holding the ceremony for children who reach 13. They believe that the cattle bone soup represents the blood relationship among fam ily m embers. In order to express their love for oxen, people in some other areas will run to shake off diseases on the 16th day of the first month by the lunar calendar (农历), and during their run they will take their oxen along, which indicates they regard the creature as hum an.Because of the contribution of oxen in their lives, the Chinese people are very grateful to the anim al. In addition, the use of oxen in cerem onies and the thanks people owe tooxen help to develop various traditional custom s, which becom es an important part of the folk culture of the Chinese nation.29.The words "boats on land" underlined in Paragraph 2 refer to ______.A. creatures for pulling plowsB. treasures of the folk cultureC. animals for taking goodsD. tools in the farming economy30.From the third paragraph, we know that ______.A. oxen are no m ore important today than in the pastB. people run with oxen to shake off diseases every monthC. oxen are treated as hum an in some areas of ChinaD. cerem onies are held when people cook cattle bone soup31.Which of the following helps to develop traditional custom s?A. The contribution of oxen to the econom y.B. The practical value of an ox's body.C. The special role of oxen in farming.D. People's respect and love for oxen.32.Why does the author write the text?A. To introduce the Chinese folk culture.B. To stress the im portance of oxen in farming.C. To explain how to develop agriculture with oxen.D. To describe how to celebrate the Year of Ox.阅读理解14“Get your hands off m e, I have been stolen,” the laptop, a portable com puter, shouted. That is a new solution to laptop computer theft: a program that lets owners give their property a voice when it has been taken.The program allows users to display alerts on the missing com puter's screen and even to set a spoken message. Tracking software for stolen laptops has been on the market for som e time, but this is thought to be the first that allows owners to give the thief a piece of their mind.Owners m ust report their laptop missing by logging on to a website, which sends a message to the m odel: a red and yellow “lost or stolen” banner pops up on its screen when it is started. Under the latest version (版本) of the software, users can also send a spoken message.The m essage can be set to reappear every 30 seconds, no matter how m any times the thief closes it. “One custom er sent a m essage saying, …You are being tracked. I am right at your door',” said Carrie Hafeman, chief executive of the company which produces the program, Retriever.In the latest version, people can add a spoken m essage. The default through the com puter's speakers is: “Help, this laptop is reported lost or stolen. If you are not m y owner, please report m e now.”The Retriever software package, which costs $ 29.95 (￡21) but has a free trial period, has the functions of m any security software programs. Owners can rem otely switch to an alternative password prompt if they fear that the thief has also got hold of the access details.If a thief accesses the internet with the stolen laptop, Retriever will collect information on the internet service provider in use, so that the police can be alerted to its location.Thousands of laptops are stolen every year from homes and offices, but with the use oflaptops increasing, the number stolen while their owners are out and about has been rising sharply.Other security software allows users to erase data rem otely or lock down the com puter.33.The expression “to give the thief a piece of their mind” can be understood as“______”.A. to remind the thief of his conscienceB. to give the thief an alert m indC. to express the owners' anger to the thiefD. to m ake the thief give up his mind36.Which of the following can best summarize the m ain idea of the passage?A. A new program offers a communication platform with the thief.B. With no Retriever, thousands of laptops are stolen every year.C. Retriever has helped to find thieves and lost com puters.D. A new software provides a m eans to reduce laptop theft.阅读理解15I arrived at m y mother's home for our Monday family dinner. The sm ells of food flew over from the kitchen. Mother was pulling out quilt (被子) after quilt from the boxes, proudly showing me their beauties. She was preparing for a quilt show at the Elmhurst Church. When we began to fold and put them back into the boxes, I noticed som ething at the bottom of one box. I pulled it out. “What is this?” I asked.“Oh?” Mom said, “That's Mam a's quilt.”I spread the quilt. It looked as if a group of school children had pieced it together: irregular designs, childish pictures, a crooked line on the right.“Grandmother m ade this?” I said, surprised. My grandmother was a m aster at m aking quilts. This certainly didn't look like any of the quilts she had made.“Yes, right before she died. I brought it hom e with m e last year and made some changes,” she said. “I'm still working on it. See, this is what I've done so far.”I looked at it m ore closely. She had made straight a crooked line. At the center of the quilt, she had stitched (缝) a piece of cloth with these words: “My m other m ade many quilts. She didn't get all lines straight. But I think this is beautiful. I want to see it finished. Her last quilt.”“Ooh, this is so nice, Mom,” I said. It occurred to m e that by completing m y grandmother's quilt, m y mother was honoring her own mother. I realized, too, that I held in my hands a fam ily treasure. It started wi th the loving hands of one wom an, and continued with the loving hands of another.37.Why did the author go to m other's home?A. To discuss her grandmother's life.B. To help prepare for a show.C. To see her m other's quilts.D. To get together for the family dinner.39.The underlined wood “crooked” in the passage m ost probably means ______.A. unfinishedB. UnusualC. BentD. broken40.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Grandmother's Quilt.B. A Quilt Show.C. Mother's Home.D. A Monday Dinner.。
专题2-高考英语阅读理解题文同义转换词汇 -2023年高考英语真题分项功能词汇专项突破
阅读理解题文同义转换词汇
在阅读理解的某些细节题中，正确选项与原文的大意相同但表达方式不同，即进行了同义转换。
这也是高考阅读理解设题的常用手法之一！如2021年全国乙卷第32题，正确选项中用concentrate代替了原文中的focus；2020年全国I卷第33题，正确选项中用lack替代了原文中的be short of (缺乏)。
对此，我们归纳了常见的150组同义表达，供考生复习参考。
事实上，同义结构放在一块记，有助于扩大词汇量；掌握这些同义表达，对口语、阅读和写作，以及解答其他题，都是非常有益的。
因此，此专题是考生拔尖的良师益友！大家万不可错过！。
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解析：根据顺序性原则，第26题可能在第一段， 第27题可能在第二段。 定位信息点：第26题用happy，第27题用sad作为 关键词，通过寻读，找到26题的答题信息在第一 段后面两句，第27题的答题信息在第二段第一句。 理解信息点：第26题，第一段最后一句中的it，指 前句中的people hold doors for me， pour cream into my coffee， or help me to put on my coat，人 们的这些具体的行为可以概括为they offer their help，故选A。语意转换方式：具体与概括。
第27题，第二段首句中的I feel sad because those
who appear independent miss the kindness I see daily(因为表现独立的那些人看不到我每天看到 的别人的善意，我感到悲哀)，对照选项，只有D 正确，只是用some people替代了those who appear independent， 用fail to替代了miss。转换 方式：同义替换。
(2) 偷梁换柱，以假乱真。采用原文中的 句式和大部分词汇，但换了个别词，改变 了原意或范围。 (3) 半真半假，虚虚实实。干扰项与原文 相关细节部分相同，部分相悖。 (4) 文不对题，滥竽充数。干扰项是文中 的事实细节，但与题干要求不符。
经典例题
26. The author has discovered that people will feel happy when ____.
(二)
57. Where do people usually meet their friends in England? (问地点)
A. In a cafe. C. In a nightclub.
B. In a restaurant. D. In a pub.
D 用题干中的meet或friends在文中搜索，找到
(四)
28. When Tom went for the third operation, he _____. (问做了何事)
A. pretended to be painful B. acted like a superhero C. appeared in poor spirits D. argued with his mother
To meet friends here it usually has to be in a pub 可知，选D。
(三)
3. Who dived after Duret into the river to save the little girl? (问人物)
A. David Anderson. C. His girlfriend.
3.理解信息点：在找到关键词句后，要仔细阅读， 准确理解，对照选项，看哪个选项的意思与之最 接近。 4.排除干扰项：在作出选择的过程中，要善于辨 别真伪，排除干扰，不断缩小范围，选出正确答 案，这就是我们常说的排除法。干扰项一般具有 以下特征： (1)杜撰事实，无中生有。文中根本找不到任何 相关信息，完全由命题人所捏造。
细节理解题
语义转换题
[技巧点拨] 虽然说细节题的答案一般可以在文章中直接
或间接地找到，但是与阅读材料一模一样的正确 选项是几乎没有的。而是用不同的词语或句型表 达相同的意思，即语意转换。解题时注意以下几 点：
1.顺序性原则：一般说来，题序与其题眼在文章 中的顺序相同。如第53题的答案信息会在第52题 的答案信息之后。 2.定位信息点：通过寻读法(scanning)，用题干 中的关键词在文中搜索，迅速确定相关词句或信 息点所在的位置，缩小阅读范围。题干中可用来 在文中搜索的关键词可能是专有名词、数词、实 体名词，以及这些词的同义表达等。
A. they offer their help B. they receive others’ help C. they feel others’ kindness D. they show their weakness
27. The author feels sad sometimes because ___. A. he has a soft heart B. he relies much on others C. some people pretend to be kind D. some people fail to see the kindness in others
D 前两段具体描述监控器如何监视Jennifer网上 考试，其原因是什么呢？由第三段第一句In the battle against cheating可知，Jennifer在考试中受 监控的原因是为了防止她作弊，故选D。
43. For Internet universities, exams and diplomas will be valid if .(问条件)
44. Some programs can find out possible cheaters by ____. (问方式)
A. checking the question answering speed B. producing a large number of questions C. scanning the Internet test questions D. giving difficult test questions
B. A passer-by. D. A taxi driver.
A 由He (Duret) handed the girl to her father, David Anderson, who had dived in after him可知， David Anderson在Duret之后跳入水中救那个小 女孩，故选A。
B 用conscious搜寻，根据命题的顺序性原则， 在第五段找到关键信息，即最后两句：“But he
managed to raise her to the platform… That was
where Lisa briefly regained consciousness, felt herself being pulled…”句中that就是指代前句的 the platform，故选B。
B 用题干中的third operation在文中搜索，定位 在第三段和第四段；由go as Superman, costume (戏装), Tom appeared as the powerful Superman 可知，Tom 打扮成超人的样子进手术室，故选B。 选项A (假装很痛苦) 文章未提及，C选项与文章 相反，D (与母亲争辩) 文中未提及。
(五)
41. Why was Jennifer watched in an online exam? (问原因)
A. To correct her typing mistakes. B. To find her secrets in the room. C. To prevent her from slowing down. D. To keep her from dishonest behaviors.
A. they can attract potential students B. they can defeat academic cheating C. they offer students online help D. they offer many online courses
B 由第三段最后一句Only with solid measures against cheating, experts say, can Internet universities show that their exams and diplomas are valid可知, 只有有了打击作弊的强有力的措施, 网络大学才能表明他们的考试和文凭是有效的。
即时练习
(一)
44. When did Lisa become conscious again? (问 时间)
A. When the train was leaving. B. After she was back on the platform. C. After the police and fire officials came. D. When a man was cleaning the blood from her head.
A 由最后一段第二句recognize possible cheaters by analyzing whether difficult test questions are answered at the same speed as easy ones可知，是 通过分析答题的速度来判断是否作弊，故选A。