Class 4
高考英语一词多义学习讲义(4) 高三英语一轮复习
高考英语一词多义学习讲义（4）1. class /klɑːs/n.班级；课，课程；等/阶级拓展first class第一流,头等in a class by oneself独一无二in a class of one's own无与伦比top of the class第一流的class...as 把…归类为,把…划为class...under 把…列入class...with把…与…归入一类classic a. 经/古典的；传统的;n. 名著；经典著作；大艺术家；文豪classical a. 经/古典的；传统的；第一流的；n.古典音乐classify v. 分类/等→classificationn. 分类；类别，等级classroom n. 教室classmate n. 同班同学例句①That class is out of hand; I should have put a more experienced teacher in charge.那个班已失去控制,我本应该安排一个更有经验的老师去。
②The critic classed him with the best writers of the age.那位评论家把他列入当代第一流的作家中。
串记Society can be classified into lower class, middle class, and upper class.社会可分为下层阶级、中产阶级和上层阶级。
2. close /kləʊs/ v.关闭,关门,停业；n. & v. 结束，停止；a.近(的)；接近的，几乎；亲密的；ad 近，靠近拓展be close to 靠近；亲近close down关闭close in包围；封闭close up靠近；结束，关闭，堵塞come to a close 结束closed a. 关住/闭的；不公开的(反open)closely ad. 紧密地; 接近地;严密地; 亲近地例句You should avoid standing too close to any strangers.你应该避免站得离陌生人太近。
C#1-6章习题_答案
C#习题练习（1-6章）1。
在 Visual 窗口中,在__________窗口中可以察看当前项目的类和类型的层次信息｡ (B)A.解决方案资源管理器B.类视图C.资源视图D。
属性2. C＃中每个 int 类型的变量占用_______个字节的内存｡（C）A.1B.2C。
4D。
83. 在 C＃中,表示一个字符串的变量应使用以下哪条语句定义? (B）A。
CString str;B.string str；C。
Dim str as stringD。
char * str;4。
在 C#编制的财务程序中，需要创建一个存储流动资金金额的临时变量,则应使用下列哪条语句？ (A)A.decimal theMoney；B.int theMoney;C.string theMoney;D。
Dim theMoney as double5。
C＃中，新建一字符串变量 str，并将字符串”Tom's Living Room"保存到串中,则应该使用下列哪条语句? (A）A.string str = ”Tom\’s Living Room”；B。
string str = ”Tom's Living Room"；C.string str（”Tom's Living Room”）；D.string str（"Tom”s Living Room”);6.C#中 MyClass 为一自定义类,其中有以下方法定义：public void Hello（）{…｝使用以下语句创建了该类的对象,并使变量 obj 引用该对象，那么,访问类MyClass的Hello方法正确的是:(A）MyClass obj = new MyClass()；A.obj。
Hello(）；B。
obj：：Hello（）;C。
MyClass。
Hello（)；D。
MyClass::Hello（）；7. 分析下列 C＃语句,注意类 MyClass 没有访问修饰符：namespace ClassLibrary1｛class MyClass{public class subclass｛ int i；｝｝｝若必须为类 MyClass 添加访问修饰符,并使 MyClass 的可访问域保持不变,则应选择_________｡(D）A.privateB。
人教版小学英语-四年级下册-第一二单元测试题含答案
小学英语四年级一二单元测试题听力部分一、Listen and choose. (听录音，选出你所听到的单词。
) ( ) 1. A. library B. light ( ) 2. A. room B. home ( ) 3. A. class B. glass ( ) 4. A. school B. floor ( ) 5. A. kid B. pig ( ) 6. A. no B. now ( ) 7. A. lunch B. dinner ( ) 8. A. thirty B. forty ( ) 9. A. way B. wall ( ) 10. A. a.m. B. p.m.二、Listen and tick or cross. (听音，判断听到的句子与下面句子是否相符。
)( ) 1. Welcome to our school.( ) 2. Is this the teacher’s office?( ) 3. It’s o n the first floor.( ) 4. It’s time for breakfast.( ) 5. It’s 6:25. It’s time to get up.三、Listen and order.（听录音，将对话排序）( ) This way, please.( ) Is that the music room?( ) Welcome to our school!( ) Yes, it is. We have music class in it.( ) Cool!四、Listen and match. (听录音，将Sarah 做的事情与时间连线。
)6:30 go to school7:00 get up8:00 have English class12:00 go home5:00 have lunch笔 试 部 分一、Read and choose. (读一读，选出与其它三项不同类的单词。
人教版四年级下册英语第二单元测试题
四年级下册Unit 2检测卷(40分钟100分) 开始计时：________第一部分听力(30分)一、听录音，选出你所听到的单词。
(每小题1分，共5分)() 1. A. breakfast B. lunch C. dinner() 2. A. class B. time C. ten() 3. A. over B. three C. school() 4. A. what B. music C. English() 5. A. run B. nine C. home二、听录音，选择正确的图片。
(每小题2分，共10分)() 1. A. B. C.() 2. A. B. C.() 3. A. B. C.() 4. A. B. C.() 5. A. B. C.三、听录音，判断你所听到的时间与下列时间是否相符，相符的写“√”，不符的写“×” 。
(每小题2分，共10分)四、听录音，完成句子。
(每小题1分，共5分)() 1. It's time to________.A. go to schoolB. go home() 2. I like ________ class.A. EnglishB. PE() 3. It's ________ o'clock.A. 7B. 5() 4. Let's ________.A. have lunchB. have dinner() 5. ________ ready?A. Are youB. I'm第二部分笔试(70分)一、找出每组单词中画线部分读音与众不同的一项。
(每小题1分，共5分) () 1. A. time B. sing C. dinner() 2. A. girl B. number C. bird() 3. A. dirt B. dance C. birth() 4. A. first B. third C. for() 5. A. music B. hurry C. lunch二、给下列单词分类。
外研版七年级英语上册单元综合卷：Starter Module 1-4(包含答案)
Starter Module 1- 4听力部分（略）二、单项选择（本大题共20小题。
每小题1分，共20分）从A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。
( )1. —What___ this? —It is ______ eraser.A．are, a B．is, an C．are, an D．is, a( )2．—Good afternoon , Tom. —________ , Li Lei.A．Hello B．Thanks C．Good afternoon D．Fine , thank you ( )3．—Thank you. -________.A．Good B．Fine C．OK D.You’re welcome( )4．________ is my English teacher.A．miss Wang B．Miss Wang C．Miss WANG D．Teacher Wang ( )5．—How are you, Mr Li?-________.A．Sit down, please B．Good morning C．Hello D．Fine, thank you ( )6．—What’s your name? —My name is ________.A．Li daMing B．Li Daming C．Li Da ming D．Li daming ( )7．—How are you, Li Ping? —I’m fine , thank you. And you?A．Thank you B．I’m fine, too C．I’m good D．Goodbye ( )8．Where __Tom and Kate? They __ at home.A．is; are B．are; is C．are; are D．are; 不填( )9．What’s this? ________ a red apple.A．That is B．Its C．It D．Thiss( )10．________ you spell your name? Yes, I ________A．Can; can B．Can; am C．Do; can D．Are; can( )11．当你在下午遇到老师时，你应该说________A．Good morning B．Good afternoon C．Whats your name D．Im fine( )12．当你在路上碰到熟人时，你应该说________A．How are you?B．Goodbye. C．Fine, thank you. D．Im fine.( )13. _______ your favorite sport ?A .WhereB .What C. How D .Whats( )14 . My favourite food is fruit _______ fish .A .and B. but C. or D. for( )15.. Do you like listening _____ music ?A .to B. on C. in D. at( )16.A:What’s your favourite food ?B:__________A. I am SamB. It is a bookC. I like eggsD. I like playing football( )17. I can play football ______ I can’t play the piano .A. and B .or C. but D. so( )18..A:Mum ,___ my friend , Jim . B:How are you , JimA .this is B. that is C. it is D. he is( )19.A:Can you ride a bike ?B: ____ . it is easy(容易的)A .Yes, I can B. No , I can’t C. I don’t think so D. Yes, he can( )20. Betty can _____ English .A. sayB.speakC. tellD. talk三、完形填空（10分）My name is Rick .This is my room .There is a coat _21__the bed .Its __22__ . I also (也) have a pair (双) of __23___ .They are blue ,too .There is a desk and a chair in __24__ room .A football is under the __25__ .I like it very much . I __26__ play football very well .I often play it with my friends . A picture is on the wall .You can see four people in it .The man and the woman are my __27__ . They work in a school and teach Chinese . They are __28___ . The little girl is my __29__ .She is very lovely .She is only three years old .She doesnt go to school ,so she __30___ read or write .I have a happy family .21. A. in B. on C. with22. A. white B. green C. blue23. A. shoes B. coats C. shirts(衬衫)24. A. his B. her C. my25. A. room B. desk C. wall26. A. can B. am C. do27. A. mother B. patents C. father28. A. teachers B. doctors C. workers29. A. mother B. brother C. sister30. A. can B. cant C. dont四、阅读理解（40分）AName: LisaAge (年龄): 12Class: Class 1English teacher: Mr SmithNumber: 733 256Name: CarlaAge: 13Class: Class 2English teacher: Mr BlackNumber: 538 172Name: MikeAge: 12Class: Class 3English teacher: Miss GreenNumber: 680 253Name: HenryAge: 13Class: Class 4English teacher: Miss WhiteNumber: 786 344根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
SD卡知识点
SD卡1. SD卡class2、class4、class6 ,class10怎么区分？答：Class 2：能满足观看普通MPEG4 MPEG2 的电影、SDTV、数码摄像机拍摄；Class 4：可以流畅播放高清电视（HDTV），数码相机连拍等需求；Class 6：满足单反相机连拍和专业设备的使用要求；Class10: 满足专业摄影设备2. SD卡的结构（几种）？答：1.单独SD卡：pcba板+flash芯片+主控芯片+外壳+贴纸+包装（小白盒、吸塑）2.TF卡加转接卡：TF卡+转接卡+贴纸+包装（小白盒、吸塑）Inand:闪迪推出的一种嵌入式闪存芯片3．（速度）SD卡的基本指标？答：Class 2 ：2MB/sClass 4：4-5MB/sClass 6：6MB/sClass10: 写速10MB/S以上,读速25MB/SGPS读速一般不低于10MB/S, 高清数码相机写速8MB/S以上4.金手指的厚度？答：渡金：3μm,5μm,7μm,9μm；渡镍：160μm5. 目前市面上的SD卡品牌有多少种？答：Sandisk（闪迪）kingston（金士顿）panasonic（松下）kingmax（胜创）Sony（索尼）Transcend（创见）Adata（威刚）apacer（宇瞻）Toshiba （东芝）6. SD卡常见质量问题？答：卡片过热、金手指脱落、外壳破裂、识别不到卡。
7．SD卡flash有多少种品牌？答：三星(SANSUNG)、现代（HY）、英特尔(Intel)、镁光、东芝(Toshiba)ST. Sandisk8. 生产SD卡目前流行的方案？答：SMI、安国、兴邦、建荣，威雅9. 电流可分哪种电流？答：静态、写入、读取10. 怎么样匹配SD卡，才是最优化组合？答：在能达到客户要求的基础上，把利益最大化。
11. SD卡都用在什么设备上？答：数码相机、摄影机, 手机、录音电话, DV、GPS、MP3、MP4、数据录音机、安防产品(网络摄象机、视频采集器), 车载影音,电子玩具等。
压力等级Class和公称压力对照表
一般壁厚超过25毫米的碳钢管道需要热处理，铬钼钢管道需要热处理，氢气管线需要热处理，碱液管线需要热处理。
含有H2S管道，15Crmo管道，壁厚大于25mm的管道需要焊接前预热，焊接后及时热处理321厚壁管道需要稳定化热处理一、弯管的热处理工艺l、在下列条件下，必须按表4规定对冷弯或热弯的钢管进行热处理。
(1) 壁厚大于l9mm的碳素钢热弯管，弯管时漏度始终保持在900℃以上的情况除外。
(2) 公称直径大于或等于l00mm或壁厚大于或等于l3mm的中，低合金钢冷弯管。
2、对于公称直径大于或等于l00mm，或壁厚大于或等于l3mm的中、低合金钢热弯弯管，应按设计文件的要求进行完全退火、正火十回火，或回火处理，或按表5规定进行热处理。
3、奥氏体不锈钢制作的弯管，可不进行热处理；当设计文件要求热处理时，按设计文件规定进行，或按表5规定进行热处理。
4、弯管的热处理可在电加热炉中进行；也可用陶瓷电加热器进行，采用热电锅测温，并选择硅酸铝针刺保温毯作为陶瓷加热热液时的保温材料，热处理按表4或5规范进行。
5、热处理后进行硬度测定，弯管部分硬度不应超过母材硬度规定值。
二、管道焊后热处理工艺1、管道焊接后，根据刚材的淬硬性，焊件厚度和使用条件等综合考虑，按图纸要求或表3规定进行焊后热处理。
2、管道焊接接头的焊后热处理，一般应在焊接后及时进行，对于易产生焊接延迟裂纹的焊接接头，若焊后不能及时进行热处理，则在焊后冷却到300-350℃(或加热到该温度区间)，保温4—6h缓冷，加热范围和焊后热处理相同。
3、焊后热处理采用履带或陶瓷加热器进行，温度检测根据不同要求，采用色笔和热电偶，保温材料采用硅酸铝针刺保温毯，保温宽度从焊缝中R 算起每侧不小于管子壁厚的5倍。
4、焊后热处理的加热范围；以焊缝中心为基准，每侧不应小于焊缝宽度的3倍，且不小于60mm。
5、焊后热处理的加热速率、恒温时间及降温速率，应符合下列规定。
(1) 加热速率。
外研社七年级英语上册starter-Module1-4知识点总结
Module1 My teacher and my friends 1. class:表示同学时，为复数概念；表示班级时，复数形式为classesGood morning, class.（同学们）We are in the same class.（班级）2.问候语Good morning, Mum. 称呼语通常放在问候语之后，用逗号隔开。
Good afternoon.Good evening.Good night.How are you?I’m fine, thank you. And you?How do you do?How do you do?How is it going with you? 近来如何Nice to meet you.Nice to meet you too.Glad to see you.I am glad to meet you.See you tomorrow.See you next week.See you later.See you on Monday.Goodbye=bye-bye=bye—Thank you very much./Thanks a lot./Many thanks.—You’re welcome./That’s all right./That’s OK./Not at all.3.英语中中文名字的书写Zhang MinLi DamingLi Li’anSima Qian4.Mr先生Mrs夫人，太太，已婚女子姓氏或名字前Miss 小姐，老师，未婚女子姓氏或名字前Ms女士，婚姻情况不详5. ---What’s your name, please?---I’m Nicole./My name is Nicole./My name’s Nicole.---Can you spell it, please?---Yes, N-I-C-O-L-E, Nicole.“这位是...”，介绍他人时常用的句型。
人教版(精通)小学英语四年级上册单元试题 全册
第一学期四年级英语上册第一单元形成性质量调查姓名班级一、听力部分1. Look, listen and number. 看图、听录音、用数字标出朗读的顺序。
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )( ) ( ) ( )( ) ( ) ( )2. Listen and choose. 听录音，根据所给情景选择正确答案，在正确答案的括号内画√。
1）你这样向妈妈介绍你的新朋友Jim:A.（）B. （）2）你想知道Peter是哪的人，你这样问他：A.（）B. （）如果他是美国人，他这样回答:A.（）B. （）3）你想知道这个女孩是谁，你这样问别人：A.（）B. （）4）你想知道高伟的父亲是干什么工作的，你这样问高伟:A.（）B. （）如果高伟的父亲是个邮递员，他这样告诉你：A.（）B. （）3. Choose the words you have heard. 听录音，找出你所听到的句子中提到的那个单词。
( ) 1) This is my ________.A. fatherB. friendC. farmer( ) 2) He ’s from ________.A. EnglandB. AmericaC. Singapore( ) 3) Who ’s this _________?A. boyB. girlC. man( ) 4) What does your _________ do?A. motherB. brotherC. sister( ) 5) He ’s a ________.A. doctorB. teacherC. driver4. Listen to the questions and chose the best answers. 根据问句选择最佳答语。
( ) 1) A. I’m from Canada. B. I ’m a farmer.C. I ’m Li Yan ’s mother.( ) 2) A. She ’s my friend. B. He ’s my brother.C. He ’s a doctor.( ) 3) A. She ’s my sister. B. She ’s tall and young.C. She ’s a nurse.( ) 4) A. She ’s a teacher. B. No, she ’s a nurse.二、笔试部分1. Look at the pictures and choose the right words. 看图选单词。
关于电缆柔软度
关于电缆柔软度1.电缆等级的规定（IEC60228）1.1.等级电缆等级是在IEC 60228（绝缘电缆导体）中规定的，描述如下：导体被分为4级：class1,2,5,6。
Class 1 和2是用于固定安装的，Class 5和6是柔性电线电缆，但也可用于固定安装。
（EN 50343已经规定了必须使用Class 5以上等级的电缆）。
1.2.导体技术要求在IEC60228中，Class 5 和6的技术规定是合并描述的。
标准中的表述如下：1.2.1.结构：a)柔性导体（class 5和6）必须采用镀金属或不镀金属的铜；b)导体的每根铜丝必须直径（标称）相同；c)导体中每根铜丝的直径不能超过表3和表4规定的最大值。
1.2.2.电阻：导体在20℃的电阻值应不超过表3和表4给出的最大值。
1.2.3.小结如果按照IEC 60228，Class5和6几乎是合并描述的。
假设同等标称截面的电缆，6类导体单根铜丝直径比5类细，其他要求在标准中几乎是相同，参考下图。
2.电缆柔软性的基本原则2.1.总体原则根据EN 50343（铁路车辆线缆安装要求）第5.4节的规定：如果对柔韧度有高度需求的话，须选用标准HD 383 S2规定的Class 6的导体，除此以外必须使用标准HD 383 S2规定的Class 5的导体.*其中HD 383 S2在2003年被IEC60228替代。
2.2.电机电缆同样根据EN 50343的规定：牵引电机电缆尺寸必须按照5.2.3规定的流程选择。
柔韧性方面须考虑选择更为柔软的线缆型号（如：class 6）。
2.3.弯曲半径EN 50343在弯曲半径方面规定：固定安装的电缆或者使用中会被弯曲的电缆在安装时必须考虑弯曲半径不超过相关的产品信息或电缆标准。
推论是：电缆的弯曲半径根据不同的厂商会有所不同。
只是按照标准原则上class 6比class 5更柔软。
2.4.供应商的信息以下是过往项目询问部分正常厂意见时的回复，供参考。
欢迎来到四(1)班 读后感
欢迎来到四(1)班读后感英文回答："Welcome to Class 4(1)!" These were the words that greeted me as I entered the classroom on the first day of school. I was filled with a mix of excitement and nervousness, not knowing what to expect. Little did I know that this class would become a second home to me, a place where I would make lifelong friends and create unforgettable memories.One of the things that struck me about Class 4(1) was the diversity of its students. We came from different backgrounds, cultures, and even spoke different languages. However, that didn't stop us from forming a tight-knit community. We quickly realized that we had more in common than we thought, and our differences only made our class discussions more interesting.Our teacher, Ms. Johnson, played a crucial role increating a welcoming and inclusive environment. She encouraged us to share our thoughts and opinions freely, fostering a sense of belonging. Ms. Johnson also had a knack for making even the most mundane topics come alive through her engaging teaching style. She would often use idioms and expressions to make her point, making the lessons not only informative but also entertaining.One of my favorite memories from Class 4(1) was our class trip to the local museum. We were learning about ancient civilizations in history class, and Ms. Johnson thought it would be a great idea to visit the museum to see the artifacts firsthand. As we walked through the exhibits, she would point out interesting facts and ask us thought-provoking questions. It was a truly immersive experience that brought our lessons to life.Another memorable experience was when we organized a class talent show. Everyone had the opportunity to showcase their unique talents, whether it was singing, dancing, or even performing magic tricks. It was incredible to see the hidden talents of my classmates and the supportiveatmosphere that permeated the room. We cheered each other on and celebrated our individuality.In Class 4(1), I not only learned academic subjects but also important life lessons. We were taught the value of teamwork and collaboration through group projects and presentations. We learned how to communicate effectively and respectfully, even when we disagreed with each other. These skills have proven invaluable in my personal and professional life.中文回答：“欢迎来到四(1)班！”这是我第一天进入教室时听到的话。
class1--4 48个国际音标表发音整理
48个国际音标表元音12个单元音长元音[i:] [] [] [u:] [a:]短元音[i] [] [] [u] [] [e] [] 8个双元音[ai] [ei] [i] [i] [] [] [u] [au]辅音10对清辅音[p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [] [ ∫ ] [] [tr] [ts] 浊辅音[b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [] [] [] [dr] [dz] 3个鼻音[m] [n] []3个似拼音[h] [r] [l]2个半元音[w] [j]48个音标发音要领讲义长元音[i:]舌尖抵下齿，口腔肌肉紧张，面部表情呈微笑状。
[i:t] eat 吃[bi:] bee 蜜蜂[si:]see 看见短元音[i]舌尖抵下齿，口形偏平，开口度比[i:] 大。
[big] big 大的[him] him 他短元音[e] 舌前部抬高打招呼发音时舌尖抵下齿，嘴形扁平，上下齿之间距离为小指的宽度。
[bed] bed 床[get] get 到达短元音[]舌尖抵下齿，嘴要故意张很大，上下齿之间可容纳食指和中指的宽度。
注意：开口度[]﹥[e] ﹥[i] ﹥[i:] bad长元音[]发音要领: 嘴形扁平，上下齿微微张开，舌头放平，舌中部微微抬起，注意长度莫太短。
（忘记了怎么发，可借助“饿”）[b d] bird 鸟[s] sir 先生短元音[] 发音时嘴唇微微张开，舌身平放，舌中部微微隆起，双唇扁平。
长元音[a:] 看到祖国的大好河山的感叹词：啊~发音时口张大，舌身压低并后缩，双唇稍收圆。
下巴收低，[k a:] car 小汽车[p a:k] park 公园短元音[]发音时舌尖轻触下齿，两手指高度，唇形稍扁，开口度较大。
（这个音你们容易忘，切忌多练习）[b t] but 但是[d k] duck 鸭子长元音[]双唇收得又圆又小，舌头向后缩，并向前突出。
[f] four 四[ h s] horse 马door daughter four saw sword短元音[]嘴张大，双唇稍收圆，开口度比[]大。
精编PEP人教版四年级下册英语全册同步练习课时练习课课练含答案(含Recycle)
四年级下册英语全册同步练习含答案（含Recycle）目录：PEP人教版四年级下册Unit 1 My school 随堂练习含答案（6课时）PEP人教版四年级下册Unit 2 What time is it练习含答案（6课时）PEP人教版四年级下册Unit 3 Weather随堂练习含答案（6课时）PEP人教版四年级下册Recycle 1随堂练习含答案(2课时)PEP人教版四年级下册Unit 4 At the farm随堂练习含答案（6课时）PEP人教版四年级下册Unit 5 My clothes随堂练习含答案（6课时）PEP人教版四年级下册Unit 6 Shopping随堂练习含答案（6课时）PEP人教版四年级下册Recycle 2随堂练习含答案（2课时）四年级英语下册Unit 1 My school 同步练习含答案（6课时）Unit 1 My school Part A（3课时）Part A第一课时一、按要求写单词或短语。
1.two（序数词）___________2.teachers（名词所有格）___________3.w here’s （完整形式）____________4.紧邻（汉译英）____________二、单项选择。
( ) 1. Where ______ the dog?A.isB. anC. are( ) 2. —______ the teachers’ office?—It’s on the second floor.A. WhereB. W here’sC. What’s( ) 3. The library is ______ the first floor.A. onB. toC. at( ) 4. Here’s ______ homework.A. IB. youC. my( ) 5. ______ you have a library?A. DoB. DoesC. Doing三、给下列问句选择相应的答语。
class4
3 纯虚函数和抽象类
图形面积，并求它们的和。要求用基类指针数组，使它的
每一个元素指向一个派生类对象。
5、编写一个包含抽象类的程序实现图书和杂志销售管理。当通过
键盘输入一系列图书和杂志销售记录（名称和数量）后,将销售良
好(图书每月500本以上,杂志每月2500本以上)的图书和杂志名称显 示出来。
6、有两种不同的学生管理系统，一种是用 数组存储，另一种是链表，请设计公共接口 类，用户不必知道存储方式统一通过人名查 找信息。
纯虚函数是一种特殊的虚函数，它是被标明为不具体实现的虚函数，从 语法上讲，纯虚函数是在虚函数的后面加上“=0”，表示该虚函数无函数
体，这里的“=”并非赋值运算。声明纯虚函数的一般格式如下：
virtual类型 函数名(参数表)=0;
许多情况下，在基类中不能对虚函数给出有意义的实现，而把它声明为
纯虚函数，它的实现留给该基类的派生类去做。
若要访问派生类中相同名字的函数，必须将基类中的同名函数定义为虚 函数，这样，将不同的派生类对象的地址赋给基类的指针变量后，就可 以动态地根据这种赋值语句调用不同类中的函数。
*虚函数的作用 允许在派生类中对基类的虚函数重新定义。
声明虚函数 声明虚函数的一般格式如下：
virtual 函数类型 函数名(参数表) 其中，用关键词virtual声明的函数称为虚函数。 动态绑定只能通过指针或引用标识对象来调用虚函数。如果采用一般类 型的标识对象来调用虚函数，则将采用静态绑定方式调用虚函数。 C++动态绑定的处理方式仍能实现静态类型检查，换句话说，函数参数类 型的错误在编译阶段能够检查出来。
湖南仁爱版初一Unit1 Topic 3 What class are you in
北京四中撰稿老师：黄浩编审老师：蔡正礼责任编辑：丁华Unit 1 Getting to know youTopic 3 What class are you in?一、单元知识点：1．重点词汇：eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty, year, old, class, in, grade, who, that, English, it, an, eraser, spell, a, map, can, please, pencil, apple, double, toy, desk, pen, ruler, orange, book, car, egg, blackboard, now school, phone, same, but, friend, these, those, schoolbag, cake, box, bus, high2．重点句子：（1）—How old is she?—She is fourteen.（2）—What class are you in?—I'm in Class Four, Crade Seven.（3）—What grade are you in?—I'm in Grade Seven.（4）—Are you in Grade Seven, too?—Yes, I am.（5）—Who's that?—That's Nancy.（6）—What are these/ those in English?—They are buses.（7）—What class is she in?—She's in Class Eleven, Grade Eight.（8）—What's this/ that in English?—It's an eraser.（9）—How do you spell it?—E－R－A－S－E－R, eraser.（10）—Is this/ that a ruler?—Yes, it is. /No, it isn't. It's an eraser.（11）They are not in the same class, but they are good friends.（12）—Are these/ those cars?—Yes, they are. /No, they aren't.（13）—Thank you.—That's OK. / You're welcome.3．语法：指示代词this, that及其复数these, those的用法。
生理学课件之神经-class4
四 、大脑皮层对姿势和运动的调节
(一) 皮层主要运动 区是控制躯体运动 的重要区域 • 主要运动区在人
和灵长类动物的 大脑皮层主要位 于中央前回和运 动前区(4区和6区)。 • 运动柱(motor column)
本体感觉代表区
• 特征：
1. 交叉支配：躯体—对侧, 头面部—多为双侧；下部面肌和舌肌— 对侧
• 前束：占20%, 不跨越中线, 在同侧下降,只降到胸髓, 与双 侧前角内侧神经元形成突触。 控制躯干和四肢近端肌肉； 与姿势维持和粗略运动有关
皮质脊髓束侧支： • 顶盖脊髓束 • 网状脊髓束 • 前庭脊髓束 功能与前束类似：控制躯干和四肢近端
肌肉；与姿势维持和粗略运动有关。 • 红核脊髓束 功能与侧束类似：控制四肢远端肌肉活
略运动丧失。 • 不全麻痹(paresis) :单纯运动传出通路(前束、侧束)损伤引起
的运动能力减弱。肌张力减弱但无腱反射和肌紧张反射亢进。 • 巴宾斯基征(Babinski sign) 阴性与阳性与皮质脊髓束损伤
单纯横切动物延髓锥体 — 不全性麻痹 (paresis) • 目前认为：过去或一直认为的观点有误 • 中枢运动调节系统功能有分化, 至少可分为：姿势调节系统、运
损
(三) 大脑皮质对姿势(和运 动)的调节 去皮质僵直
跳跃反应
放置反应
五、基底神经节对姿势和运动的调节
基底神经节是大脑皮层下调节躯体运动的重要中枢 基底神经节是大脑皮层下一些核团的总称，相互间有密切联系
壳核 苍白球
杏仁
尾核
丘脑底核 黑质
基底神经节 (basal ganglia) 的结构 ① 包括纹状体、丘脑底核和中脑黑质
基底神经节参与运动的设计和程序编制 基底神经节的功能： 运动调节、自主神经调节、感觉传入、心理行为和学习
class (4)
Garden of Eden
Satan
Adam
Eve
The scaffold scenes
1st- Hester is being questioned about the identity of the father of her child 2nd- Dimmesdale is standing on top of the scaffold alone in the middle of the night 3rd- Dimmesdale walks to the steps of the scaffold in front of the whole town after his Election day sermon
2. Hawthorne is significant for his themes.
the consequences of pride, selfishness, and secret guilt; the conflict between lighthearted and somber attitudes toward life; the impingement of past (esp. the Puritan past) upon the present;
Chapter Four
Nathaniel Hawthorne ( 1804 – 1864) 1.Born in Salem, Massachusetts and studied at Bowdoin College. 2.The Scarlet Letter (1850) brought him recognition as a major literary figure.
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4.Values,Loyalty & Ethical Behavior
• A decline in ethical standards? Selfcentered • 4 stages: The action of manager’s bosses is the most important factor influencing ethical behavior in organizations.
• Instrumental:preferable modes of behavior or means of achieving one’s terminal values
ambitious,broad-minded,capable,cheerful,clean, honest, courageous,forgiving,helpful, imaginative,independent, intellectual,logical,loving,obedient,polite,responsible,selfcontrol
5.Cognitive Dissonance Theory
Leon Festinger proposed in late 1950s,sought to explain the linkage between attitudes & behavior
• Cognitive Dissonance--any incompatibility between 2 or more attitudes or between attitudes & behavior • any form of inconsistency is uncomfortable for one to attempt to reduce.---a stable state where there is a minimum of dissonance • the determinant factors:the importance of the elements, the degree of influence one believes,the rewards that may be involved in dissonance
•
union members,
family-secu, Freedom, happiness, self-respect, mature love responsible, honest, courageous, independent, capable
• activists
Equality,world of peace, family-s honest happiness courageous, helpful, courageous, responsible, capable
4. Attitudes and Consistency
• People seek consistency among their attitudes & between their attitudes & behavior • seek to reconcile divergent attitudes and align their attitudes & behavior so they appear rational and consistent---Equilibrium state • Altering their attitudes or behavior,developing a rationalization for their discrepancy
3. Types of Attitudes
job-related attitude(work environment)
• Organizational commitment-- the degree to
which an employee identifies with a particular organization and it’s goals,and wishes to maintain membership in it. negative relationships between Organizational commitment and absenteeism,turnover; better indicator of turnover than job satisfaction predictor,34% variance
3. Types of Attitudes
job-related attitude(work environment)
• Job satisfaction--an individual’s general attitude
toward his or her job(almost =)
• Job involvement--the degree to which a person
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
3.Types of values
(2)Roceach values survey(RVS)
• Mean value rankings of Executive,
Self-resect ,Family-se, freedom, sense of acco, happiness honest, responsible, capable, ambitious, independent ;
Class 4. Values, Attitudes and Job Satisfaction
§4.1 Values
1.Concepts
• Basic convictions that a specific mode of conduct or end-state of existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite or converse mode of conduct or end-state of existence
3.Types of values
(3)Contemporary work cohorts
• Protestant work ethic:hard work; conservative;
loyalty to the organization • Existential:Quality of life,nonconforming,seeks autonomy; loyalty to self; 1960s--mid-1970s • Pragmatic:Success,achievement,ambition,hard work; loyalty to career; mid-1970s--late 1980s • Generation X:Flexibility,job satisfaction,leisure time; loyalty to relationships 1990s
identifies with his(her)job, actively participates in it, consider the performance important to selfworth. negatively related to absenteeism,resignation rates; more consistently predict turnover than absenteeism;16% variance
understanding of the cosmos as a whole
3.Types of values
(2)Roceach values survey(RVS)
• Terminal: Desirable end-states of existence; the goals to pursue during one’s lifetime
comfortable(exciting)life,sense of accomplishment,world of peace(beauty),equality,family(nation) security,freedom, happiness,inner harmony,mature love,pleasure,salvation, self-respect,social recognition,true friendship,wisdom.
• Importance: ying foundation for attitudes,
motivation via influencing perceptions; 2. Individuals are not value free, standard of behavior; aligning with the organization’s policy
• cognitive component---the opinion or belief
segment of an attitude(value statement)
• affective component--- emotional or feeling • behavioral component--An intention to behave
• Biological parents.A significant portion is
genetically determined; Studies of twins reared apart demonstrate that 40% of the variation in work values;the majority is due to environment • In early years. A significant portion is established from parents,teachers,friends and others • societal values(culture).Learning and education • relatively stable and enduring. Absolute learning combined with genetic imprinting assuring