14年陕西师范大学翻译硕士初试真题
陕西师范大学《333教育综合》[专业硕士]历年考研真题汇编（含部分答案）【部分讲解】
![陕西师范大学《333教育综合》[专业硕士]历年考研真题汇编（含部分答案）【部分讲解】](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/2f1a5ec577a20029bd64783e0912a21614797fe3.png)
目 录2010年陕西师范大学333教育综合[专业硕士]考研真题（回忆版）2011年陕西师范大学333教育综合[专业硕士]考研真题（回忆版）2011年陕西师范大学333教育综合[专业硕士]考研真题（回忆版）[视频讲解] 2012年陕西师范大学333教育综合[专业硕士]考研真题（回忆版）2012年陕西师范大学333教育综合[专业硕士]考研真题（回忆版）[视频讲解] 2013年陕西师范大学333教育综合[专业硕士]考研真题（回忆版）2013年陕西师范大学333教育综合[专业硕士]考研真题（回忆版）及部分详解2014年陕西师范大学333教育综合[专业硕士]考研真题（回忆版）2014年陕西师范大学333教育综合[专业硕士]考研真题（回忆版）及详解2015年陕西师范大学333教育综合[专业硕士]考研真题（回忆版）2015年陕西师范大学333教育综合[专业硕士]考研真题（回忆版）及部分详解2016年陕西师范大学333教育综合[专业硕士]考研真题（回忆版）2016年陕西师范大学333教育综合[专业硕士]考研真题（回忆版）及详解2017年陕西师范大学333教育综合[专业硕士]考研真题（回忆版）2017年陕西师范大学333教育综合[专业硕士]考研真题（回忆版）及详解2018年陕西师范大学333教育综合[专业硕士]考研真题（回忆版）2018年陕西师范大学333教育综合[专业硕士]考研真题（回忆版）及部分答案2019年陕西师范大学333教育综合[专业硕士]考研真题（回忆版）2019年陕西师范大学333教育综合[专业硕士]考研真题（回忆版）及部分答案2010年陕西师范大学333教育综合[专业硕士]考研真题（回忆版）一、名词解释（每题2.5分，共20分）1教学评价2创新教育3校本课程4成就动机5稷下学宫6定势7实科中学8泛智论二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）1提出教学的教育性原则的教育家是______，他是______的代表。
2014年考研英语真题参考答案（翻译题）
2014年考研英语真题参考答案（翻译题） 2014年硕⼠研究⽣⼊学考试已经结束，为了⼤家更好的估分，店铺考研频道为您第⼀时间发布2014年英语考研真题及答案解析，欢迎⼤家阅读参考。
关注本⽹站栏⽬及栏⽬，了解最新科⽬解析动态。
2014年考研英语考试已结束，2014年考研英语翻译题参考答案，⼀起来看看吧! 2014年的考研英语终于在今天下午落下帷幕，今年的翻译题难度基本与往年持平，对于有些同学来说或略有简单。
预计平均分会等于或⾼于往年，下⾯我们逐个分析翻译的句⼦： 46. It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it and not grasp music itself. 此句考察的主要是it形式主语和时间状语从句，注意articulate our reactions to it的翻译，此处可理解为清楚的表达对⾳乐的反应，其他的部分我们⽐较好理解。
参考答案：这也是为什么当我们尝试⽤语⾔来描述⾳乐时，我们能清楚的表达对⾳乐的反应，但并没有领会⾳乐的精髓。
47. By all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one, and I find courage an essential quality for the understanding, let along the performance, of his works. 此句考察的是并列句与插⼊语，我们可以逐个翻译and链接的语群，重点理解by all accounts: 据⼤家所说。
let along the performance：更不⽤说表演，根据语境我们可以与作品⼀起翻译为：他作品和他演出。
2014考研英语一真题试题及答案(翻译)
2014考研英语一真题试题及答案（翻译）Directions:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written on the ANSWER SHEET(10 points)Music means different things to different people and sometimes even different things to the same person at different moments of his life. It might be poetic, philosophical, sensual, or mathematical, but in any case it must, in my view, have something to do with the soul of the human being. Hence it is metaphysical; but the means of expression is purely and exclusively physical: sound. I believe it is precisely this permanent coexistence of metaphysical message through physical means that is the strength of music.46) It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself.Beethoven’s importance in music has been principally defined by the revolutionary nature of his compositions. He freed music from hitherto prevailing conventions of harmony and structure. Sometimes I feel in his late works a will to break all signs of continuity. The music is abrupt and seemingly disconnected, as in the last piano sonata. In musical expression, he did not feel restrained by the weight of convention. 47) By all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one, and I find courage an essential quality for the understanding, let alone the performance, of his works.This courageous attitude in fact becomes a requirement for the performers of Beethoven’s music. His compositions demand the performer to show courage, for example in the use of dynamics. 48) Beethoven’s habit of increasing the volume with an extreme intensity and then abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage was only rarely used by composers before him.Beethoven was a deeply political man in the broadest sense of the word. He was not interested in daily politics, but concerned with questions of moral behavior and the larger questions of right and wrong affecting the entire society.49) Especially significant was his view of freedom, which, for him, was associated with the rights and responsibilities of the individual: he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression.Beethoven’s music tends to move from chaos to order as if order were an imperative of human existence. For him, order does not result from forgetting or ignoring thedisorders that plague our existence; order is a necessary development, an improvement that may lead to the Greek ideal of spiritual elevation. It is not by chance that the Funeral March is not the last movement of the Eroica Symphony, but the second, so that suffering does not have the last word. 50) One could interpret much of the work of Beethoven by saying that suffering is inevitable, but the courage to fight it renders life worth living.46. It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself.【句型分析】本句主句主干为it is the reason，why引导定语从句，修饰the reason。
2014年西北师范大学外语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2014年西北师范大学外语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解I. Grammar & Vocabulary (20 Points)Directions: There are 20 sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.1. Richard lives in _____, but he is leading _____.A. a palace of a house, the hell of a lifeB. the palace of a house, a hell of a lifeC. a palace of the house, a hell of a lifeD. a palace of a house, a hell of a life【答案】D【解析】句意：Richard住在如宫殿般的房子中，却过着地狱般的生活。
本题考查的是冠词的用法，palace，house，hell，life前面都应该加a，故答案为D。
2. He must have waited here for a long time, _____?A. mustn’t heB. hasn’t heC. didn’t heD. doesn’t he【答案】C【解析】句意：他一定在这儿等了很长一段时间，不是吗？本题考查的是反义疑问句的用法，must have done表示对过去事实的推测,表示动作的时候用did当助动词,表示状态时用was，该题是动作，故答案是C。
3. Individuals who are subjects of research should participate knowingly in research and _____ the opportunity to decide if they want to participate.A. gaveB. givingC. givenD. be given【答案】D【解析】句意：研究的对象应该对该研究了如指掌，应该有权利决定加不加入研究当中去。
2014年考研英语一真题完整版 答案解析
2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试 英语(一)试题 Section Ⅰ Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can't remember 1 we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance's name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain 2 , we refer to these occurrences as "senior moments." 3 seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(an) 4 impact on our professional, social, and personal 5 . Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there's actually a lot that can be done. It 6 out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental 7 can significantly improve our basic cognitive 8 . Thinking is essentially a 9 of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to 10 in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. 11 , because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate 12 mental effort. Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step 13 and developed the first "brain training program" designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental 14 . The Web-based program 15 you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps 16 of your progress andprovides detailed feedback 17 your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it 18 modifies and enhances the games you play to 19 on the strengths you are developing--much like a(n) 20 exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use. 1.[A]where [B]when [C]that [D]why2.[A]improves [B]fades [C]recovers [D]collapses3.[A]If [B]Unless [C]Once [D]While4.[A]uneven [B]limited [C]damaging [D]obscure 5.[A]wellbeing [B]environment [C]relationship [D]outlook 6.[A]turns [B]finds [C]points [D]figures 7.[A]roundabouts [B]responses [C]workouts [D]associations 8.[A]genre [B]functions [C]circumstances [D]criterion 9.[A]channel [B]condition [C]sequence [D]process 10.[A]persist [B]believe [C]excel [D]feature 11.[A]Therefore [B]Moreover [C]Otherwise [D]However 12.[A]according to [B]regardless of [C]apart from [D]instead of 13.[A]back [B]further [C]aside [D]around 14.[A]sharpness [B]stability [C]framework [D]flexibility 15.[A]forces [B]reminds [C]hurries [D]allows 16.[A]hold [B]track [C]order [D]pace 17.[A] to [B]with [C]for [D]on 18.[A]irregularly [B]habitually [C]constantly [D]unusually 19.[A]carry [B]put [C]build [D]take 20.[A]risky [B]effective [C]idle [D]familiar 答案：1-5 ABDCA 6-10 ACBDC 11-15 DABAD 16-20 BDCCB答案解析：1. [标准答案] [A] [考点分析] 上下文语义和连词辨析[选项分析] 本题考查连词。
2014年考研陕西师范大学外语应用考研真题(回忆版)
1，基础英语，综合英语(717,817)
基础英语选择题今年全是考的词汇，自己感觉超过了专八难度。
每题2分，共15道题---考下来觉得很失落
完形填空，难度不大，主要考理解能力，每空1分，
阅读难度中等，每题2分
作文分两部分，带插图小作文不少于150字数，是关于Differences among CanadaEuropeAustralia Wheat Export
大作文关于Globalization & Total loss of cultural identity
综合英语
语言学
名词解释Sense Relation, Speech Act,
Design features of human language
Do you think it is okay to teach a second language in primary school?
翻译一篇关于Sapir&Wholf Culture& Language的段落并Comment
文学
名词解释Lake Poets, Fireside Poets,
Comment:
Charles Dickens, Sister Carrie, "Wast Land"
2, 法语(240)
填空题完全没按套路，往年所有常用语态都有，今年感觉让人摸不着头脑，感觉主要都是虚拟式。
选择题
阅读三个
翻译关于le temps libre
作文：Ma mere
3，政治
整体下来觉得主要把红宝书概念背诵即可，任汝芬三、四上面的选择题和分析题命中几乎没有，但是关于毛泽东和深化改革开放这两个知识点是点到了。
14年陕西师范大学英语翻译硕士(MTI)考试真题
第二部分文章翻译
英译汉(60’) A reader in Florida, apparently bruised by some personalexperience, writes in to complain, “If I steal a nickel’s worth of merchandise,I am a thief and punished; but if I steal the love of another’s wife, I amfree.”
We tend to treat persons like goods. We even speak of thechildren “belonging” to their parents. But nobody “belongs” to anyone else. Eachperson belongs to himself, and to God. Children are entrusted to their parents,and if their parents do not treat them properly, the state has a right toremove them from their parents’ trusteeship.
But love is not a commodity; the real thing cannot be bought,sold, traded or stolen. It is an act of the will, a turning of the emotions, achange in the climate of the personality.
2014陕师大文学类考研真题(含现代汉语,古代汉语)
2014陕师大文学类考研真题（含现代汉语，古代汉语）现代汉语
一填空（15分）
1 声母表记住就没问题
2 韵母表记住就好了
3写出下列词语的构词方式
名人出发久久广博还有一个记不起来
二名解（10分）
1 语义场
2 语流音变
3合成词
4
5
三选择（10分）
1 基本词汇的特点
2动词的语法特点
3语法的本质
4
四划分句子成分和短语成分还有句子层次划分（30）
五简答（10分）
1 举例说明比拟的修辞效果
2书面语体和口语语体的区别
在此给以后的学弟学妹一点建议，陕师大专业课这两年进入全面改革期，和2012年以前的真题区别很大，所以大家在复习的时候不要迷信之前的真题和笔记资料，题型和知识点都差距特别大，所以认真看书，全面复习比较好。
古代汉语
一名解（8分）
1 汉语大字典
2声训
3三叠
4全清音
二举例说明怎样辨别同义词（没有例子或例子不当要扣分）（14分）
三一首七言律诗划分平仄，这首诗几乎平仄很标准，没有拗就，入声字也很少，相比往年能简单一点（9）
四诗经的一段话，参照书上古书体例举例(11)
1 本段话的传者，笺者，和疏者的作者和朝代
2 传的含义并写出传出自哪本书
3疏的含义
4在文中找出注音方法
5 解释“之”的意思。
之在文中注中解释了
五翻译并加标点（32）
景公欲更晏子之宅的书上的一段和书上省略的一大段。
2014年陕西师范大学817综合考研试题
您所下载的资料来源于考研资料下载中心 获取更多考研资料，请访问2014年陕西师范大学817综合综合（（语言学语言学、、英美文学英美文学、、英汉互译）考研试题考研试题（（回忆版回忆版））语言学和应用语言学语言学和应用语言学 第一题第一题术语解释。
1.Lexeme2Cardinal Vowels3speech act4error analysis5Sense Relation第二道题第二道题是human language 的 design features. screw them，Design features of human language第三题第三题是你认为小学里面中国学生越早学习，越好吗，让你说个理由。
第四题第四题是“中学为体，西学为用”的观点嘛？让你说自己的stance. 第五题第五题一段Pinker 的一段语言学的citation，让你先翻译成汉语，再comment。
关于Sapir&Wholf Culture& Language 的段落英美文学英美文学 第一题第一题，术语解释。
1.Fireside poets2Lake poets,Harlem Renaissance第二题第二题，简答。
每题十分。
1.有为啥Leaves of Grass 是美国文学的milestone；2.Joyce 的characteristics；William Faulkner 的主要作品和特点 第三题第三题，就是三选一的。
1.第一个选题完全没印象，2.Charles Dickens and his artistic achievement,3Sister Carrie."Wast Land"以。
2014年陕西师范大学翻译硕士百科知识内部题库,考研真题,招生人数,押题模拟考试
育明教育-陕西师范大学翻译硕士最权威考研辅导机构考研状元百科知识精编笔记以“无字碑”名扬天下的是：武则天除了太阳，宇宙中哪一颗恒星离我们最近？比邻星十八世纪欧洲能雇佣6万工人的手工业工场在：里昂广西郁江是通过广东的哪条江注入南海的？西江俗话说：“无规矩不成方圆”。
规和矩是什么？方、圆的校正器把办理与银钱有关的大金融机构称为银行,最早见于：《资政新篇》契丹在北朝时，分为几部？8目前地球上已知的最大陨石坑位于：北美洲尼禄是哪个国家的暴君？罗马据考古资料显示，我国的钻孔技术开始于：山顶洞人时代内蒙古人所说的“风季”是哪个季节？春季西印度群岛位于：大西洋西部中国在南极设立的第一个考察站叫什么名字？长城站发动第二次鸦片战争的国家是：美、俄哪一民族把奶制品称为“白食”？蒙古族中国的四大发明不包括：地动仪是谁出卖了耶稣？犹大2014年翻译硕士视频课程+近三年真题+笔记+公共课阅卷人一对一指导=2500元7月1日前报名，8折优惠！8月1日前9折优惠！北大、北外、北师、首师大教授领衔辅导！2013年包揽北大、贸大、苏大、川外、北外、南大、西外翻译硕士考研状元！育明学员马林同学2014年育明教育推荐翻译硕士参考书说明：除了各个高校自己指定的参考书，以下参考书是实践中证明非常棒的参考书。
其实，尤其是翻译方面，也没有什么具体的数目，即使院校指定的也不一定就有帮助。
所以大家还是以提升基本功为目的。
1-《英译中国现代散文选》张培基（三册中至少一册）非常经典，练基本功非它莫属。
2-《高级翻译理论与实践》叶子南汉译英的经典之作，体裁实用，读来作者亲授一般3-《翻译硕士常考词汇精编》育明教育内部资料绝大部分翻译的词汇都可以在这里找到，很实用。
试题中出现比较生僻的单词的话，读了这本词汇书基本你就认识了4-《中国文化读本》叶朗朱良志翻译的体裁有时候和中国文化有关，作为译者应该了解中国文化；书本身也很好，图文并茂5-《百科知识考点精编与真题解析》，中国光明日报出版社（13年7月底上市）各个院校历年翻译硕士考研真题，非常实用，很多词汇和知识点经常重复考察。
2014考研英语一真题试题及答案(翻译)
2014考研英语一真题试题及答案（翻译）Directions:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written on the ANSWER SHEET(10 points)Music means different things to different people and sometimes even different things to the same person at different moments of his life. It might be poetic, philosophical, sensual, or mathematical, but in any case it must, in my view, have something to do with the soul of the human being. Hence it is metaphysical; but the means of expression is purely and exclusively physical: sound. I believe it is precisely this permanent coexistence of metaphysical message through physical means that is the strength of music.46) It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself.Beethoven’s importance in music has been principally defined by the revolutionary nature of his compositions. He freed music from hitherto prevailing conventions of harmony and structure. Sometimes I feel in his late works a will to break all signs of continuity. The music is abrupt and seemingly disconnected, as in the last piano sonata. In musical expression, he did not feel restrained by the weight of convention. 47) By all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one, and I find courage an essential quality for the understanding, let alone the performance, of his works.This courageous attitude in fact becomes a requirement for the performers of Beethoven’s music. His compositions demand the performer to show courage, for example in the use of dynamics. 48) Beethoven’s habit of increasing the volume with an extreme intensity and then abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage was only rarely used by composers before him.Beethoven was a deeply political man in the broadest sense of the word. He was not interested in daily politics, but concerned with questions of moral behavior and the larger questions of right and wrong affecting the entire society.49) Especially significant was his view of freedom, which, for him, was associated with the rights and responsibilities of the individual: he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression.Beethoven’s music tends to move from chaos to order as if order were an imperative of human existence. For him, order does not result from forgetting or ignoring thedisorders that plague our existence; order is a necessary development, an improvement that may lead to the Greek ideal of spiritual elevation. It is not by chance that the Funeral March is not the last movement of the Eroica Symphony, but the second, so that suffering does not have the last word. 50) One could interpret much of the work of Beethoven by saying that suffering is inevitable, but the courage to fight it renders life worth living.46. It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself.【句型分析】本句主句主干为it is the reason，why引导定语从句，修饰the reason。
陕西师范大学2014年学术型硕士研究生考试参考书目
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004新闻与传播学院 709 南帆、刘小新、练暑生：《文学理论》，北京大学出版社2008年版 郭庆光：《传播学教程》，中国人民大学出版社2002年版 李良荣：《新闻学导论》，高等教育出版社2006年版 郭庆光：《传播学教程》（第2版），中国人民大学出版社年2011年4月第二版 方汉奇：《中国新闻传播史》，中国人民大学出版社2002年版 彭吉象：《艺术学概论》（第三版），北京大学出版社2006年版 南帆、刘小新、练暑生：《文学理论》，北京大学出版社2008年版 蒲松年：《中国美术史教程》，陕西人民美术出版社2007年出版 邵大箴、奚静之：《欧洲绘画史》，上海人民美术出版社2009年版 何克抗：《教育技术学》，北京师范大学出版社2009年版 何克抗：《教学系统设计》，北京师范大学出版社2006年版 傅钢善：《现代教育技术》(第四版)，陕西师范大学出版社2012年版 张文兰：《信息技术与课程整合》，陕西师范大学出版社，2012年版 傅小英：《艺术概论》，北京师范大学出版社2009年版 聂欣如：《动画概论》（第二版），复旦大学出版社2006年版 肖永亮、甄巍：《数字美术基础》，北京师范大学出版社2008年版
003教育学院 司晓宏：《教育管理学论纲》，高等教育出版社2009年版 司晓宏：《义务教育均衡发展论纲》，人民教育出版社2013版 司晓宏、张立昌：《教育学教程》，高等教育出版社2011年版 十二院校编：《教育学基础》，教育科学出版社2008年版 李国庆：《教育学》，陕西师范大学出版社2002年版 杨建华、陈鹏：《现代教育学》，中国社会科学出版社2003年版 王天一：《外国教学史》（上、下册），北京师范大学出版社1993年版 孙培青：《中国教育史》，华东师范大学出版社2000年版 王炳照等著：《简明中国教育史》，北京师范大学出版社2007年版 张斌贤主编、王晨副主编：《外国教育史》，教育科学出版社2008年版 何克抗：《教育技术学》，北京师范大学出版社2009年版 何克抗：《教学系统设计》，北京师范大学出版社2006年版 傅钢善：《现代教育技术》(第四版)，陕西师范大学出版社2012年版 张文兰：《信息技术与课程整合》，陕西师范大学出版社，2012年版 冯博琴：《计算机网络》（第二版），高等教育出版社2008年版 蔡皖东：《计算机网络》（第三版），西安电子科技大学出版社2012年版 谭浩强：《C语言程序设计》（第三版），清华大学出版社2008年版
2014年西北师范大学外语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2014年西北师范大学外语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解I. Translate the following terms, proper names and phrases into English/Chinese.(30 points)Section A. translate the following terms into English. (15 points)1. 理论研究【答案】theoretical research2. 副教授【答案】associate professor3. 单亲家庭【答案】single parent family4. 白手起家【答案】start from scratch5. 必修课【答案】compulsory course6. 国际奥林匹克委员会【答案】International Olympic Committee7. 印花税【答案】stamp tax8. 光盘行动【答案】“Clear your plate” campaign9. 中国汉字听写大会【答案】Dictation Assembly of Chinese Characters10. 选边站【答案】take side11. 人均国民生产总值【答案】gross national product per capita12. 《西游记》【答案】Journey to the West13. 微信【答案】Wechat14. 国际货币基金组织【答案】International Monetary Fund15. 门诊部【答案】outpatient departmentSection B. translate the following terms into Chinese. (15 points) 1. literature review【答案】文献综述2. housing project for low-income families【答案】安居工程3. to rationally readjust the employment structure【答案】合理调整就业结构4. compensation for demolition【答案】拆迁补偿费5. tertiary industry【答案】第三产业6. CPI【答案】居民消费价格指数7. Warsaw 2013【答案】华沙20138. IAEA【答案】国际原子能机构9. invitation for bid【答案】招标10. poverty-stricken areas 【答案】贫困地区11. medical cuisine【答案】健康饮食12. shadow puppetry 【答案】皮影13. RSVP【答案】请回复14. Associated Press【答案】美国联合通讯社15. Red Star Over China【答案】《西行漫记》（《红星照耀中国》）II. Paragraph translation. (120 points)Section A. translate the following paragraphs into Chinese. (60 points) To avoid the various foolish opinions to which mankind is prone, no superhuman genius is required. A few simple rules will keep you, not from all error, but from silly error.If the matter is one that can be settled by observation, make the observation yourself. Aristotle could have avoided the mistake of thinking that women have fewer teeth than men, by the simple device of asking Mrs. Aristotle to keep her mouth open while he counted. He didn’t do so because he thought he knew. Thinking that you know when in fact you don’t is a fatal mistake, to which we are all prone.Many matters, however, are less easily brought to the test of experience. If, like most of mankind, you have passionate convictions on many such matters, there are ways in which you can make yourself aware of your bias. If an opinion contrary toyour own makes you angry, that is a sign that you are subconsciously aware of having no good reason for thinking as you do. If someone maintains that two and two are five, or that Iceland is on the equator, you feel pity rather than anger, unless you know so little of arithmetic or geography that his opinion shakes your own contrary conviction. The most savage controversies are those about matters as to which there is no good evidence either way. Persecution is used in theology, not in arithmetic, because in arithmetic there is knowledge, but in theology, there is only opinion. So, whenever you find yourself getting angry about a difference of opinion, be on your guard; you will probably find, on examination, that your belief is going beyond what the evidence warrants.A good way of ridding yourself of certain kinds of dogmatism is to become aware of opinions held in social circles different from your own.【参考译文】为了避免人类易于陷入的各种愚蠢的见解，并不需要什么超凡的天才。
2014年英语一真题翻译
2014年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语(一)试题文章翻译Section I Use of English一到中年，很多人开始发现他们的记忆力和思维清晰度大不如前。
我们突然记不起刚才把钥匙放在哪了、也记不起老相识的名字或者曾经热爱的乐队的名字了。
由于大脑退化，我们把这类事件称为瞬间性老年痴呆。
虽然表面看起来没什么，但这种大脑注意力的丧失会对我们的职业、社交和个人幸福产生有害影响。
越来越多的神经系统科学专家表示，对此我们并非无能为力。
大脑像我们的肌肉一样需要锻炼，研究证明适当的智力锻炼能极大提高我们基本的认知功能。
思考是在脑海中建立联系的过程。
某种程度上来说，我们擅长建立驱动智力发展的联系的能力是遗传的。
但是，由于这些联系是通过努力和练习建立，所以科学家们相信智商可以扩展，并根据大脑锻炼而浮动。
现在，一家新的网络公司更进一步，开发了一套大脑训练项目，旨在帮助人们改善和重获头脑敏锐性。
这套网络项目能系统的改善记忆力和专注度。
而且记录下你的进步，并对你的表现和提高提供详细的反馈。
更重要的是，他会不断修正和提高你所玩的游戏来强化你的优势——就像是一项有效的日常锻炼，要求你提高抵抗力、改变肌肉使用。
Section II Reading ComprehensionPart AText 1为了“改善生活”和减少“依赖性”，英国财政大臣乔治·奥斯本引进了一项预先求职计划。
失业者只有带着简历到就业中心进行网上求职注册，并开始找工作，才有资格领取失业津贴。
而后他们应该每周而非每两周汇报求职进展。
还有更为比这更为合理的措施吗？以下是更显而易见的合理之处。
求职者领取失业津贴须等上七天。
这七天应用来找工作而不是申请领取失业津贴，他说：“这些举措旨在帮助人们远离失业救济，并帮助依靠失业津贴生活的人尽快找到工作。
”帮助？当真？乍一听，乔治·奥斯本真是一位关心社会福祉的财政大臣，试图改善生活。
现有的社会福利体系对刚失业者施加的再就业压力不够，纵容他们的惰性，乔治·奥斯本希望完成对这一体系的改革。
2014年考研陕西师范大学考研文学综合+语言综合真题(回忆版)
古代文学史一、名词解释（25分）1、春秋三传2、建安风骨3、花间派4、边塞诗派5、诸宫调二、默写并分析杜甫《登高》（10分）三、论述（20分）1、陶渊明诗的风格特征2、周邦彦词的艺术特征四、《长恨歌》、《梧桐雨》、《长生殿》意蕴变化及演变历程（20分）文学理论一、填空（10分）九道题十个空记不全了，也没写全，如果需要咨询可以加我q：472548739，这里我就不一一写了。
二、简答（40分）1、马克思主义文学理论的基本观点。
2、何为意识和无意识3、审美意识的基本特征4、高雅文学和大众文学的关系三、论述（25分）今年的论述是二选一，都是给一段材料然后回答，我只记得问题（一）1、什么是审美意识形态2、怎么理解意识形态（二）1、文学消费和文学生产的关系2、文学消费和文学接受的关系古代汉语一、名词解释（8分）1、《汉语大字典》2、声训3、三叠4、全清音二、如何进行同义词辨析（14分）三、给出戴叔伦的一首七律标出平仄并指出有无不协律的地方，题目很长没记住（9分）四、课本上“二子乘舟。
”那一段材料，指出何人作传、何人作笺、何人作疏等，主要考察训诂那一块的。
五、标点翻译（32分）翻译前半段是课本上《景公欲更晏子之宅》后半段是《晏子叔向论齐晋季世》，均出自《左传》，所以不妨平时多翻一下《左传》，对翻译会有帮助。
现代汉语一，填空1、考察辅音2、考察元音3、分析词语结构名人出发可爱久久博大二、选择三、操作题1、层次分析2、符号标记3、复句分析四、论述1、比拟的效果2、书面语体和口语语体的区别。
陕西师范大学2014级硕士研究生英语期末考试题(A)
陕西师范大学2014级硕士研究生英语期末考试题（A）院系____________________________ 姓名___________________座位号____________ 班号______________ 学号___________________注意事项：1.请将答案直接做到机读卡和答题纸上。
2.本试题共13页，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。
3.本课程为闭卷考试。
Non-English Major Graduate Student English TestTest Booklet试卷一Paper OnePart I Part I Listening Comprehension（15minutes, 15points）Section A (1 point each)Directions: In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a third voice will ask a question about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on your Answer Sheet.1. A. There aren’t enough supplies of fuel for the coming cold winter.B. No fuel is available.C. The cold weather has increased the demand for food.D. They are inexperienced in dealing with a severe winter.2. A. He loves his present job.. B. He is to open a store.C. He is about to retire.D. He works in a repair shop.3. A. To cancel his trip.B. To go to bed early.C. To catch a later flight.D. To ask for a wake-up call.4. A. Right now.B. In the physics class.C. After the class.D. In the afternoon.5. A. She will do her best if the job is worth doing.B. She prefers a life of continued exploration.C. She will stick to the job if they pay is good.D. She doesn’t think much of job-hopping.6. A. He dislikes food from the snack bar.B. He doesn’t need anything.C. He asks the woman to buy a newspaper for him.D. He will go with the woman and hand in his term paper.7. A. $120.B. $ 180.C. $ 90.D. $ 40.8. A. They should take the train instead.B. They have to drive Shanghai for economic reason.C. They’d better drive faster.D. Their watches are too expensive.9. A. The doctor and the patient.B. The mother and the son.C. The customer and the waiter.D.The teacher and the student.Section B (1 point each)Directions: In this section, you will hear three short passages. At the end of each passage, there will be some questions. Both the passage s and the questions will be read to you only once. After each questions there will be a pause. During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on your Answer Sheet.10. A. Because many young people have moved into comfortable apartments.B. Because many old houses in the bad part of the town are not inhabited.C. Because many older people sell their houses after children leave.D. Because many people have quit their old houses to build new ones.11. A. They have to do their own maintenance.B. They have to furnish their own houses.C. They will find it difficult to make the rest of the payment.D. They will find it difficult to dispose of their old style furniture.12. A. 160,000.B. 320,000.C. 15,000.D. 30,000.13. A. Due to heat-waves.B. Due to scorching summer.C. Due to mosquitoes.D. Due to warmer temperatures, droughts and floods.14. A. They are usually cleverer.B. They get tired easily.C. They are more likely to make minor mental errors.D. They are more skillful in handling equipment.15. A. Their lack of concentration resulting from mental stress.B. The lack of consideration for them in equipment design.C. The probability of their getting excited easily.D. Their slowness in responding.Part II Vocabulary (10 minutes, 10 points)Section A (0.5 point each)Directions: There are ten sentences in this section. Each sentence has one word or a set of words underlined. Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Mark the corresponding letter with single bar across the square bracket on your Answer Sheet.16. Evidence, reference, and footnotes by the thousand testify to a scrupulous researcher who does considerable justice toa full range of different theoretical and political positions.A. meticulousB.trustworthyC. intelligentD.diligent17. He claims that advertising today tends to portray women in traditional roles such as cooking or taking care of thebaby.A. depictB. advocateC. criticizeD. analyze18. They achieved more than they had ever dreamed, lending a magic to their family story that no tale or ordinary lifecould possibly rival.A. confirmB. achieveC. matchD. exaggerate19. The most urgent thing is to find a dump for those toxic industrial wastes.A. imminentB. recyclableC. smellyD. poisonous20. British Prime Minister Tony Blair promised the electorate that guns would not be fired without an attempt to win afurther U.N. sanction.A. alliesB. delegatesC. votersD. juries21. The analysis suggests that the trade off between our children’s college and our own retirement security is chilling.A. frighteningB. promisingC. freezingD. revealing22. Their signing of the treaty was regarded as a conspiracy against the British Crown.A. secret planB. bold attackC. clever designD. joint effort23. Furthermore, the campaign itself was lavishly financed, with plenty of money for top flight staff, travel, andtelevision commercials.A. potentlyB. sympatheticallyC. generouslyD. unconditionally24. The indignant passengers on the trolley-bus beat the pickpocket black and blue when they caught him.A. impatientB. tolerantC. crudeD. irate25. Except for coarse earthen-wares, which can be made from clay as it is found in the earth, pottery is made fromspecial clays plus other materials mixed to achieve the desired results.A. conventionalB. uniqueC. genuineD. crudeSection B (0.5 point each)Directions: There are ten sentences in this section. Each sentence has something omitted.Choose the word or words from the four choices given to best complete each sentence.26. Studies on film consumers had indicated teenage audience as a prime market, with the result that Hollywoodfilmmakers __________ catered to that market, sometimes at the expense of adult fare.A. obedientlyB. operaticallyC. obsessivelyD. outrageously27. International sport should create goodwill between the nations, but in the present organization of the Olympicssomehow encourages ________patriotism.A. obsoleteB. aggressiveC. harmoniousD. amiable28. One can understand others much better by noting the immediate and fleeting reactions of their eyes and ________ toexpressed thoughts.A. dilemmasB. countenancesC. concessionsD. junctions29. People innately ________ for superiority over their peers although it sometimes takes the form of an exaggerated lustfor power.A. striveB. ascertainC. justifyD. adhere30. According to the latest report, consumer confidence ________ a breathtaking 15 points last month, to its lowest levelin 9 years.A. soaredB. mutatedC. plummetedD. fluctuated31. Melissa is a computer ________ that destroyed files in computers and frustrated thousands of users around theworld.A. geniusB. virusC. diseaseD. bacteria32. The ________ emphasis on examinations is by far the worst form of competition in schools.A. negligentB. edibleC. fabulousD. disproportionate33. The boy seemed more ________ to their poverty after seeing how his grandparents lived.A. reconciledB. consolidatedC. deterioratedD. attributed34. During his two-month stay in China, Tom never ________ a chance to practice his Chinese.A. passed onB. passed upC. passed byD. passed out35. When a person dies, his debts must be paid before his ________ can be distributed.A. paradoxesB. legaciesC. platitudesD. analogiesPart III Cloze (10 minutes, 10points)Directions: Read the passage through. Then go back and choose one item of suitable word(s) marked A, B, C, or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word(s) you have chosen with a single bar across the square bracket on your Answer Sheet.Music comes in many forms; most countries have a style of their own. (36)____ the turn of the century when jazz was born, America had no prominent (37)____ of its own. No one knows exactly when jazz was (38)______,or by whom. But it began to be (39)_____ in the early 1900s. Jazz is America’s contribution to(40)______ music. In contrast to classical music, which (41)______ formal European traditions, jazz is spontaneous and free form. It bubbles with energy, (42)______ the moods, interests, and emotions of the people. In the 1920s jazz (43)______like America, and (44)_____ it does today. The (45)______ of this music are as interesting as the music(46)______. American Negroes, or blacks, as they are called today, were the jazz (47)______. They were brought to Southern States (48)______ slaves. They were sold to plantation owners and forced to work long (49)______.When a Negro died, his friend and relatives (50)______ a procession to carry the body to the cemetery. In New Orleans, a band often accompanied the (51)_______.On the way to the cemetery the band played slow, solemn music suited to the occasion. (52)_______ on the way home the mood changed. Spirits lifted. Death had removed one of their (53)______, but the living were glad to belive.The band played (54)_______ music, improvising on both the harmony and the melody of the tunes (55)______ at the funeral.This music made everyone want to dance. It was an early form ofjazz.36. A. By B. At C. In D. On37. A. music B. song C. melody D. style38. A. discovered B. acted C. invented D. designed39. A. noticed B. found C. listened D. heard40. A. classical B. sacred C. popular D. light41. A. forms B. follows C. approaches D. introduces42. A. expressing B. explaining C. exposing D. illustrating43. A. appeared B. felt C. seemed D. sounded44. A. does B. did C. do D. sounds45. A. origins B. originals C. discoveries D. resources46. A. concerned B. itself C. available D. oneself47. A. players B. followers C. fans D. pioneers48. A. for B. as C. with D. by49. A. months B. weeks C. hours D. times50. A. demonstrated B. composed C. hosted D. formed51. A. demonstration B. procession C. body D. march52. A. Even B. Therefore C. Furthermore D. But53. A. number B. members C .body D. relations54. A. sad B. solemn C. happy D. funeral55. A. whistled B. sung C. presented D. showedPart IV Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 30 points)Directions: In this part of the test, there are six short passages for you to read. Read each passage carefully and then the questions that follow. Choose the best answer A, B, C, or D, and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on your Answer Sheet.Passage oneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.There is a difference between scienceand technology. Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems. Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for implementing the finding of science. Another distinction between scienceand technology has to do with the progress in each.Progress in science excludes the human factor. Scientists, who seek to comprehend the universe and know the truth within the highest degree of accuracy and certainty, cannot pay attention to their own or other people's likes or dislikes or to popular ideas about the fitness of things. What scientists discovermay shockor anger people —as did Darwin’s theory of evolution. But even an unpleasant truth is more than likely to be useful; besides, we have the choice of refusing to believe it! But hardly so with technology: we do not have the choice of refusing to hear the sonic boom produced by a supersonic aircraft flying overhead; we do not have the option of refusing to breathe polluted air; and we do not have the option of living in a non-atomic age. Unlike science, progress in technology must be measured in terms of the humanfactor. Technology must be our slave and not the reverse. The legitimate purpose of technology is to serve people in general, not merely some people; and future generations, not merely those who presently wish to gain advantage for themselves.We are all familiar with the abuses of technology. Many people blame technology itself for widespread pollution, resource depletion and even social decay in general —so much so that the promise of technology is obscured. That promise is a cleaner and healthier world. If wise application of science and technology do not lead to a better world, what else will?56. The difference between science and technology lies in that _____.A. the former provides answers to theoretical questions while the latter to practical problemsB. the former seeks to comprehend the universe while the latter helps change the material worldC. the former aims to discoverthe inter-connections of facts and the rules that explain them while the latter, to discover new designs and ways of making the things we use in our daily lifeD. all of the above57. Which of the following may be representative of science?A. The origin of the species.B. The theory of evolution.C. Farming tools.D. Mass production.58. According to the author, scientific theories _____.A. must be strictly objectiveB. usually take into consideration people’s likes and dislikesC. should conform to popular opinionsD. always appear in perfect and finished forms59. The author states that technology itself _____.A. is responsible for widespread pollution and resource exhaustionB. should serve those who wish to gain advantage for themselvesC. will lead to a better world if put to wise useD. will inevitably be for bad purpose60. What is the suitable title for this passage?A. Science and TechnologyB. Difference Between Science and Technology.C. Science —the way to comprehend the universe.D. Technology —Discovering New Designs.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Since its foundation in 1954, the United Nations has written into its major covenants(契约) the need to establish minimum ages for marriage. But the custom of marriage is a highly sensitive cultural issue, mainly because it is so unpleasantly involved with women’s rights and societal traditions and practices, and rules on marriage vary widely between countries. Some countries, particularly in West Africa, still do not have a legal minimum age for marriage.In the West, a 13-year-old is still considered a child. Even getting married in one’s late teens is not usually encouraged because marr ied life is likely to interfere with a young woman’s education and consequently restrict opportunities in later life. And there are also physical dangers in giving birth so young. The World Health Organization has over the past ten years identified early childbirth as a major cause of female mortality in many countries.Under Islamic religious law, the age of consent for sex and marriage is puberty, which Muslims say is in harmony with the biological transition from childhood into adulthood. In Muslim countries such as Saudi Arabia, Iran and Pakistan, the age of puberty at around 13 or 14 is the legal age for marriage, but in Turkey it is 15, and in Egypt and Tunisia, 18 the same minimum age as in many Western countries. It is argued that by allowing earlier marriages, Islamic law is promoting stable relationships, while Western laws are encouraging promiscuity among young people.In many countries, the trends of urbanization and education for girls have seen a drop in the number of child brides. However, early marriages continue to occur in poor rural areas, where society works very much on personal arrangement between familie s, villages and communities. And it doesn’t only happen in countries which don’t have a legal minimum age. In India, for example, the legal age of marriage for a girl is 18 and to a boy, 21. Yet, according to government statistics, 18 percent of ten to fourteen-year old girls in the poor, rural state of Rajasthan in the northwest of the country are married. There are obvious social and economical advantages for doing this: by marrying off their daughters early, families no longer have to provide for them ; and the younger the bride the smaller the dowry, or wedding price, demanded by the groom’s family.It is clear, then, that child marriages are connected with poverty, lack of education and rural customs such as dowries; there don’t tend to be any child marriages in urban or rich areas. So, unless these real causes are addressed, it will be extremely hard to enforce change, even when change is dictated by a country’s governing body.61. What is the topic of this passage?A.Child brides.B. Early marriages.C. Minimum age for marriage.D. Different attitudes towards early marriages.62. The word ―promiscuity‖(Para. 3) means__________.A. unstable partnershipB. firm partnershipC. diverse relationshipD. single relationship63. __________is likely to marry late.A. Women from less educated backgroundB. Women from rural areasC. Women from Islamic countriesD. Women from cities64. Child marriages are NOT related to __________according to the passage.A. social positionB. rural customsC. personal arrangementsD. religion65. According to the passage, getting married early does all of the following EXCEPT__________.A. reducing a young woman’s educationB. limiting a young woman’s chancesC. causing infant deathD. doing harm to a young woman’s healthB.Passage ThreeQuestions 66 to 70 are based on the following passage.Tracking down cybercriminals who steal credit card numbers, transfer money from other people’s accounts, or e-mail viruses around the world takes a knowledge of the technology used to commit the crimes. Instead of using fingerprints or following suspects, government agents painstakingly sort out the mess of numbers and symbols and letters that can lead them back through the computer system to the cybercriminals.One such investigation led to the arrest of the man accused of sending the extremely dangerous Melissa virus, a computer virus that destroyed files in computers around the world in the spring of 1999. The agents received help from online service technicians, software experts, and a computer-science student. All helped to trace the complex pathways of the virus back to the telephone line and computer of the man who released it.In another case, agents worked for two years to catch a cybercriminal who was, among other offenses, stealing credit card numbers. Agents found him by tracing a path from a computer he broke into to the mobile telephone he had used, which led to his address—and arrest.The government agents are also working to block cybercriminals who could cut off power and confuse telephone companies. ―Think of the consequences if the power went out for a week—not in just one town or city but down the whole East Coast,‖ says Michael Vatis, an FBI agent. From TVs to hospital equipment, all woul d fail.Makaveli and TooShort were arrested for the charges of breaking into computers. They were given probation, required to perform community service, and prevented from having home computers with modems. Punishment for adults can be more severe and usually includes some jail time.Most people use their computers legally. For the few who don’t, however, cyberpolice and better security systems will make it harder for cybercriminals to get away with their crimes.66. Which of the following can help government agents catch cybercriminals?A. Numbers, symbols and letters.B. Credit card numbers.C. Suspects’ fingerprints.D. The technology used to commit the crimes.67. Why was the Melissa virus extremely dangerous?A. Technicians, experts, and a student were involved.B. Because it destroyed computer files on the world scale.C. Telephone companies were confused.D. The power in the government building was cut off.68. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. The author warns hackers of getting away from committing cybercrimes.B. The author complains about cybercrimes.C. The author suggests hackers not to commit cybersrimes.D. The author commands that hackers must stop committing cybercrims.69. What does the FBI agent say about the consequence of a computer crime?A. There would beno more television programs to watch.B. A city would be no more thrown into darkness.C. Power would be out down the East Coast for a week.D. Many telephone companies would go bankrupt.70. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way of punishing the cybercriminals?A. Being put into prison.B. Sentenced to death.C. Not being allowed to own computers with modems at home.D. Doing something for the company.Passage FourQuestions 71 to 75 are based on the following passage.There are two factors which determine an individual’s intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is brought up. If an individual is handicapped environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.The importance of environment in determining an individual’s intelligence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was raised by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually. This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given tests to measure their intelligence. Mark’s I. Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains, would have tested at roughly the same level.71. This selection can best be titled__________.A. Measuring Your IntelligenceB. Intelligence and EnvironmentC. The Case of Peter and MarkD. How the Brain Influences Intelligence72. The best statement of the main idea of this passage is that _______.A. human brains differ considerablyB. the brain a person is born with is important in determining his intelligenceC. environment is crucial in determining a person’s intelligenceD. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence73. According to the passage, the average I. Q. is_______.A. 85 .B. 100C. 110D. 12574. The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that_______.A. individuals with identical brains seldom test at the same levelB. an individual’s intelligence is determined only by his environmentC. lack of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligenceD. changes of environment produce changes in the structure of the brain75. This passage suggests that an individual’s I. Q. _______.A. can be predicted at birthB. stays the same throughout his lifeC. can be increased by educationD. is determined by his childhoodPassage FiveQuestions 76 to 80 are based on the following passage.A lot of animals are afraid during an eclipse1 of the sun. Birds stop singing. Sometimes people too are afraid. Astronomers2 know the dates of eclipses and they are not afraid. The old astronomers of Babylon and Egypt had no telescopes3; but the sky in those countries is usually clear, and so they could watch the stars easily. They studied everything in the sky and they also noticed both total and partial eclipses.Because they knew the dates of eclipses, they had great power. People believed that the sky was important. They believed that an eclipse could kill a man.About 2500 years ago there was a very long war. One battle followed another, and the end never came. During one of the battles, there was a partial eclipse of the sun. The day got very dark, and the soldiers on both sides were filled with fear. They believed that the gods were angry. So they stopped fighting，and ended their long war.The sun is a star. It appears to be bigger than any other star. That is because it is near us; but the other stars are far away. The sun shines because it is very hot，but the moon shines because it reflects the sun's light. It is like a big mirror. If we visited the moon，we should see the earth. It is also like a mirror and it reflects the light of the sun.Does the sun ever get dark during the day? It does so when the moon hides it. Sometimes the moon goes in front of the sun. We can watch its edge when it slowly crosses the sun's disc5. Everything gets darker and darker; then，at last，we cannot see any part of the sun's disc. The moon is hiding it completely. That is a total eclipse of the sun; sometimes only part of the sun's disc is hidden; that is not a total eclipse. It is a partial eclipse of the sun.76. The passage is mainly about________.A. the old astronomersB.eclipse of the sunC. the eclipses in Babylon and EgyptD. the correlation between the sun and the earth77. We can conclude from the passage that_______.A.all people are afraid of eclipse of the sunB.the old astronomers could watch the stars easily with telescopesC.the old astronomers had mo interest in the skyD.the date of eclipse could be forecast78. The war mentioned in the third paragraph ended because________.A.the astronomers used their great power to stop itB.an eclipse killed the soldiers on both sidesC.the war took so long time that the soldiers felt tiredD.a partial eclipse of the sun happened during one of the battles79. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A.The sun is very hot because it shines.B.The moon can shine because it is a star.C. Other stars appear to be smaller than the sun because they are far away.D. The earth cannot reflect the light of the sun because it isn’t a real mirror.80. It can be concluded that an eclipse of the sun happens because________.A. the moon passes between the sun and the earthB. the sun gets dark during the dayC. the earth’s shadow falls on the moonD. no light from the sun can reach the moonPassage SixQuestions 81 to 85 are based on the following passage.The tourist trade is booming. With all this coming and going, you’d expect greater understanding to develop between the nations of the world. Not a bit of it! Superb systems of communication by air, sea and land make it possible for us to visit each other’s countries at a moderate cost. What was once the―grand tou r‖, reserved for only the very rich, is now within everybody’s grasp. The package tour and chartered flights are not to be sneered at. Modern travelers enjoy a level of comfort which the lords and ladies on grand tours in the old days couldn’t have dreamed of. But what's the sense of this mass exchange of populations if the nations of the world remain basically ignorant of each other?Many tourist organizations are directly responsible for this state of affairs. They deliberately set out to protect their clients from too much contact with the local population. The modern tourist leads a cosseted, sheltered life. He lives at international hotels, where he eats his international food and sips his international drink while he gazes at the natives from a distance. Conducted tours to places of interest are carefully censored. The tourist is allowed to see only what the organizers want him to see and no more. A strict schedule makes it impossible for the tourist to wander off on his own; and anyway, language is always a barrier, so he is only too happy to be protected in this way. At its very worst, this leads to a new and hideous kind of colonization. The summer quarters of the inhabitants of the cite universitaire: are temporarily reestablished on the island of Corfu. Blackpool is recreated at Torremolinos where the traveler goes not to eat paella, but fish and chips.The sad thing about this situation is that i t leads to the persistence of national stereotypes. We don’t see the people of other nations as they really are, but as we have been brought up to believe they are. You can test this for yourself. Take five nationalities, say, French, German, English, American and Italian. Now in your mind, match them with these five adjectives: musical, amorous, cold, pedantic, native. Far from providing us with any insight into the national characteristics of the peoples just mentioned, these adjectives actually act as barriers. So when you set out on your travels, the only characteristics you notice are those which confirm your preconceptions. You come away with the highly unoriginal and inaccurate impression that, say, ―Anglo-Saxons are hypocrites‖ of that ―Latin peoples shout a lot‖. You only have to make a few foreign friends to understand how absurd and harmful national stereotypes are. But how can you make foreign friends when the tourist trade does its best to prevent you?Carried to an extreme, stereotypes can be positively dangerous. Wild generalizations stir up racial hatred and blind us to the basic fact—how trite it sounds! – that all people are human. We are all similar to each other and at the same time all unique.。
陕师翻硕百科2014
1.（）是我国许多民族在悠悠的远古时期的不同的神，后人才把这些神联系起来，成为许多民族（）神。
2.有一种看法认为中华民族是在四面八方之中央，其他少数民族在四边，在（）的民族叫（），在（）的称为（），在（）的叫（），而在（）的则呼为（）。
3.中国社会在最古老的的年代有姓、有氏。
姓和氏是有区别的，（）用姓，（）用氏。
姓是（）的，是代代相传下来的。
4．中国古代在西安建都的有（）个朝代，其中包括（）（）（）（）（）（）等。
5.《大唐西域记》这部书记载了（）亲自走过的（）个大大小小的古国，还有另外他人听说到的（）国的情形。
6.中国历史上的秦汉时期最高级别的官称谓有（），所指为（）（）（）和丞相，次一级的官称有（）卿。
7.佛教是古（）的一个叫悉达多乔达摩的王子创立的，后来他的教徒称他为（），意思是（）族的圣人，是一个（）尊。
8.道教是土生土长的宗教，渊源于古代（）和秦汉时的（），又吸收了（），具有浓厚的“民间性”和“原始性”的特点。
9.文字必须具备三个条件，即（）固定、（）固定、（）也需要固定。
10.汉字是几种古代表意文字，例如（）、（）中唯一存留发展到今天的文字。
11.东汉时期许慎所著的（）是我国第一部分析（）、说解（）、辨析（）的字典，其研究对象是用秦的（）语言。
12.明代冯梦龙所编写的“三言”分别是（）（）和（），属于（）文学形式的（）的短篇集子。
13.我国古代图书四部分类法中，“子书”一般指（）的著作，但也包括后来一些学者的著述，如《吕氏春秋》和《淮南子》。
一般认为《淮南子》主要论述（）之学，其大多设（）和（），但其（）特色也十分突出。
14.《文心雕龙》全书五十篇，由（）（）（）和（）四大部分组成。
此外，最后一篇（）说明作者写作动机、意图，态度，以及全书内容的安排。
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14年陕西师范大学翻译硕士初试真题趁着刚考完，还没忘干净，把真题回忆一下，给后辈的学弟学妹们点参考。
4号上午考的是政治，个人觉得比去年的简单点。
下午翻译英语。
翻译英语第一部分是选择题，分词汇题，语法题，一共好像是40道。
第二部分是阅读理解，好像是三篇,第一篇说的是multiple-choice，但怎么看怎么不像，阅读理解还能考多选，陕师这是要逆天吗？？？第一篇就是专八练习题，百度了一下，就是这篇。
/tem8/yuedu/2011-08-30/153430.html给的答案也不是多选啊，晕。
第一篇除了选择题，还有4,5道选择段落题，就是文章的段落标上序号，题目给出一些内容，让你选择给出的内容是在文章的哪一段，之后还有5道判断题。
另外两篇有选择题，有根据文章内容填空。
最后一篇是讲地球上所有生物起初都是生活在海里，后来有部分转移到陆地，再后来又有些回到了海里，不知道有没有同学做过这篇。
第三部分是作文题。
2篇作文，第一篇是给一个线形图，显示从1980年道2030年煤炭，石油，风电，水电等各种能源的消耗趋势图，然后用200词解释这张图。
第二篇是讲现在许多语言在逐渐消失，很多人觉得这样语言学起来就简单些了，让你谈谈对此事的看法，300词。
5号上午是英语翻译。
第一部分短语翻译。
英译汉部分(1'*15=15')CA TTI GRE GDPplay of wordsKumara Jivasemantic translationcultural untranslatabilitydescriptive translation studiesidiomatic expressions in Englishideological conflictinterpreter's boothnegative transfer of cultureover-loaded translationRobinson CrusoeGone with the Wind（今年考了好多翻译理论里的专有名词。
）汉译英部分(1'*15=15')兵马俑高等专业人才高等师范教育研究生资格考试形似端午节忠、顺信达雅文化偏见黑话形式与内容的统一英汉翻译内在规律《英译汉入门须知》《词义剖析与词典编纂》官方语言（因为看之前几年考了成语和政治词汇，我买了本成语翻译词典，还把十八大报告的英文版打了下来，居然一个没考！！！不过个人觉得答得还不错，除了曾未见过的“黑话”。
）第二部分文章翻译英译汉(60’)A reader in Florida, apparently bruised by some personalexperience, writes in to complain, “If I steal a nickel’s worth of merchandise,I am a thief and punished; but if I steal the love of another’s wife, I amfree.”This is a prevalent misconception in many people’sminds---that love, like merchandise, can be “stolen”. Numerous states, in fact,have enacted laws allowing damages for “alienation of affections”.But love is not a commodity; the real thing cannot be bought,sold, traded or stolen. It is an act of the will, a turning of the emotions, achange in the climate of the personality.When a husband or wife is “stolen” by another person, thathusband or wife w as already ripe forthe stealing, was already predisposedtoward a new partner. The “love bandit” was only taking what was waiting to betaken, what wanted to be taken.We tend to treat persons like goods. We even speak of thechildren “belonging” to their p arents. But nobody “belongs” to anyone else. Eachperson belongs to himself, and to God. Children are entrusted to their parents,and if their parents do not treat them properly, the state has a right toremove them from their parents’ trusteeship.Most of us, when young, had the experience of a sweetheartbeing taken from us by somebody more attractive and more appealing. At thetime, we may have resented this intruder---but as we grew older, we recognizedthat the sweetheart had never been ours to begin with. It was not the intruderthat “caused” the break, but the lack of a real relationship.On the surface, many marriages seem to break up because of a“third party”. This is, however, a psychological illusion. Theother woman orthe other man merely serves as a pretext for dissolving or a marriage that hadalready lost its essential integrity.Nothing is more futile and more self-defeating than thebitterness of spurned love, the vengeful feeling that someone else has “comebetween” oneself and a beloved. This is al ways a distortion of reality, forpeople are not the captives or victims of others---they are free agents,working out their own destinies for good or for ill.But the rejected lover or mate cannot afford to believe thathis beloved has freely turned away from him--- and so he ascribes sinister ormagical properties to the interloper. He calls him a hypnotist or a thief or ahome-breaker. In the vast majority of cases, however, when a home is broken,the breaking has begun long before any “third party” has appea red on the scene.汉译英部分(60’)郑人买履和狐假虎威两个中国传统故事。
狐假虎威给的是文言文。
郑人买履我翻了180个词左右，狐假虎威100个词左右。
5号下午，就是最后一门——汉语写作与百科知识了。
第一部分：填空题14题，60个空，每空2分，一共120分。
1，讲中国敬神的2，讲中华民族的四面八方民族的称呼3，讲姓和氏4，问在西安建都的朝代5，问《大唐西域记》6，,问秦汉时期最高级别的官员的称呼7，问佛教创立8，问道教起源9，文字的条件，三个固定10，讲除了汉字以外的表意文字11，东汉许慎的说文解字12，冯梦龙的三言，和文学形式13，考子书，和淮南子14，考文心雕龙有哪四部分刚刚我在陕师指定的复习教材《中国文化概论》上找到了一些题目里的原话，可惜我当初听前辈说看这本书没多大用，所以我只看了一遍，考场上全靠感觉蒙了。
后生们，警醒啊！！！第二部分作文（30’）谈一下术业专攻和文学渊博在大学学习中的关系问题，和人才素质与社会需求间的关系。
这部分今年最大的变化就是作文分数的骤降，填空题的比重突增。
如果不是因为陕师大出卷老师懒，估计就是陕师大越来越看重学生的汉语百科知识积累了。
个人感觉，英语翻译硕士和汉语百科部分今年的时间完全够用，我昨晚这两门，时间都还剩下一个多小时，又不给交卷，无聊的差点睡上了。
另外，我给大家回忆的这么详细，可别在花钱去买真题喽。
不知道今年考的结果如何，如果失败了，学弟学妹们，记得为我报仇啊！！！关于凯程：凯程考研成立于2005年，国内首家全日制集训机构考研，一直致力于高端全日制辅导，由李海洋教授、张鑫教授、卢营教授、王洋教授、杨武金教授、张释然教授、索玉柱教授、方浩教授等一批高级考研教研队伍组成，为学员全程高质量授课、答疑、测试、督导、报考指导、方法指导、联系导师、复试等全方位的考研服务。
凯程考研的宗旨：让学习成为一种习惯凯程考研的价值观口号：凯旋归来，前程万里信念：让每个学员都有好最好的归宿使命：完善全新的教育模式，做中国最专业的考研辅导机构激情：永不言弃，乐观向上敬业：以专业的态度做非凡的事业平衡：找到工作、生活、家庭的平衡点服务：以学员的前途为已任，为学员提供高效、专业的服务，团队合作,为学员服务，为学员引路。