2018北京西城高三(一模)
西城区2018-2018一模试题及答案

北京市西城区2019年4月高三理科综合 第1页(共10页)C 地球西 城 区 高 三 统 一 测 试理 科 综 合 2019.4本试卷共17页,共300分。
考试时长150分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 (选择题 共120分)本部分共20小题,每小题6分,共120分。
在每小题列出的四个选项中,选出最符合题目要求的一项。
13.已知氡222的半衰期为3.8天。
那么的放射性物质氡222经过7.6天,还剩下没有发生衰变的质量为 A .2 g B .1gC .0.5gD .0 g14.关于热学中的一些基本概念,下列说法正确的是A .物体是由大量分子组成的,分子是不可再分的最小单元B .分子间的斥力和引力总是同时存在的,且随着分子之间的距离增大而增大C .分子做永不停息的无规则热运动,布朗运动就是分子的热运动D .宏观物体的温度是物体内大量分子的平均动能的标志15.如图所示,一颗卫星绕地球做椭圆运动,运动周期为T ,图中虚线为卫星的运行轨迹,A 、B 、C 、D 是轨迹上的四个位置,其中A 距离地球最近,C 距离地球最远。
B 和D 点是弧线ABC 和ADC 的中点,下列说法正确的是 A .卫星在C 点的速度最大 B .卫星在C 点的加速度最大C .卫星从A 经D 到C 点的运动时间为T/2 D .卫星从B 经A 到D 点的运动时间为T/216.一条绳子可以分成一个个小段,每小段都可以看做一个质点,这些质点之间存在着相互作用。
如图是某绳波形成过程的示意图。
质点1在外力作用下沿竖直方向做简谐运动,带动质点2、3、4… 各个质点依次振动,把振动从绳的左端传到右端。
t=T/2时,质点9刚要开始运动。
下列说法正确的是 A .t =T /2时,质点9开始向下运动 B .t =T /2时,质点5加速度方向向上 C .t =T /4时,质点5开始向上运动 D .t =T /4时,质点3的加速度方向向上4gt =0t =T /2北京市西城区2019年4月高三理科综合 第2页(共10页)17.如图所示,在水平面上有一个U 形金属框架和一条跨接其上的金属杆ab ,二者构成闭合回路且处于静止状态。
最新-2018年西城区高考一模英语试题及答案 精品

北京市西城区2018年高三一模试卷英语试题本试卷共150分。
考试时长120分钟。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项:1.考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。
2.答题前考生务必将答题卡上的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔填写。
3.答题卡上选择题必须用2B铅笔作答,将选中项涂满涂黑,黑度以盖住框内字母为准修改时用橡皮擦除干净。
非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答,未在对应的答题区域内作答或超出答题区域作答的均不得分。
第一部分:听力理解(共三节,30分)第一节(共5小题;每小-题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面五段对话。
每段对话后有一小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例:What is the man going to read?A.A newspaper. B.A magazine. C.A book.答案是A。
1.Who is going to London?A.Peter.B.Tom.C.Kate.2.What is the man looking for?A.A bag.B.A camera.C.A toy.3.What will the woman do tonight?A.See a doctor.B.Watch a play.C.Prepare a meal.4.What is the possible relationship between the two speakers?A.Mother and son.B.Teacher and student.C.Driver and passenger.5.What’s the weather like today?A.Cloudy.B.Sunny.C.Snowy.第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)听下面4段对话或独白。
2018北京市西城一模英语试题及答案

西城区高三统一测试英语2018.4本试卷共9页,共120分。
考试时长100分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分:知识运用(共两节,45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,共15分)从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例:It’s so nice to hear from her again. _____, we last met more than thirty years ago.A. What’s moreB. That’s to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是D。
1. —Is there a hospital nearby? I hurt my ankle, and cannot move now.—It’s about 3 blocks away. I _____ you there.A. tookB. takeC. will takeD. have taken2. Rosa _____ this washing machine for more than ten years. She is thinking about buying a new one.A. is usingB. usedC. had usedD. has been using3. This course is of great interest to students, _____ to improve their writing skills.A. hopeB. to hopeC. hopingD. hoped4. —Vivien, you look blue. What’s wrong?—There are so many papers _____. I’m really busy recently.A. finishB. to finishC. finishingD. finished5. _____ at the differences between her culture and theirs, Annie wanted to return home.A. ConfusingB. ConfusedC. Having confusedD. To confuse6. The old bank, _____ appearance is not a pretty sight, is extremely beautiful on the inside.A. whoseB. whereC. whenD. which7. The famous player tried again and again after each failure. T hat’s _____ he succeeded at last.A. whatB. whenC. whetherD. why8. Usually Beijing Roast Duck _____ together with special pancakes, green onions and sweet sauce.A. was servedB. will serveC. is servedD. served9. _____ gas prices are rising, people are looking for less expensive ways to get around.A. Now thatB. Even ifC. AlthoughD. Unless10. _____ annoys the teacher most is that all the students are too quiet in class.A. WhatB. ThatC. WhenD. Who11. Passengers _____ talk to the driver while the bus is moving, because it will take his focus offthe road.A. would notB. must notC. may notD. need not12. _____ to manage time wisely, and you can make the most out of each day.A. LearningB. To learnC. LearnedD. Learn13. It rained this morning, _____ actually didn’t bother me because I like walking in the rain.A. whatB. whenC. whereD. which14. Parents need to encourage kids to develop their potential _____ putting too much pressure onthem.A. withoutB. besidesC. byD. for15. —What a shame! We misunderstood each other for such a long time.—Yes, I wish I _____ with you earlier.A. communicateB. had communicatedC. communicatedD. would communicate第二节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,共30分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2018北京西城高三年级一模英语试题答案版

西城区高三统一测试英语2018、4本试卷共9页,共120分。
考试时长100分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后,将本试卷与答题卡一并交回。
第一部分:知识运用(共两节,45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,共15分)从每题所给得A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处得最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例:It’s so nice to hear from her again、_____, we last met more than thirty years ago、A、What’s moreB、That’s to sayC、In other wordsD、Believe it or not答案就是D。
1、—Is there a hospital nearby? I hurt my ankle, and cannot move now、—It’s about 3 blocks away、I _____ you there、A、tookB、takeC、will takeD、have taken2、Rosa _____ this washing machine for more than ten years、She is thinking about buying a newone、A、is usingB、usedC、had usedD、has been using3、This course is of great interest to students, _____ to improve their writing skills、A、hopeB、to hopeC、hopingD、hoped4、—Vivien, you look blue、What’s wrong?—There are so many papers _____、I’m really busy recently、A、finishB、to finishC、finishingD、finished5、_____ at the differences between her culture and theirs, Annie wanted to return home、A、ConfusingB、ConfusedC、Having confusedD、To confuse6、The old bank, _____ appearance is not a pretty sight, is extremely beautiful on the inside、A、whoseB、whereC、whenD、which7、The famous player tried again and again after each failure、T hat’s _____ he succeeded at last、A、whatB、whenC、whetherD、why8、Usually Beijing Roast Duck _____ together with special pancakes, green onions and sweet sauce、A、was servedB、will serveC、is servedD、served9、_____ gas prices are rising, people are looking for less expensive ways to get around、A、Now thatB、Even ifC、AlthoughD、Unless10、_____ annoys the teacher most is that all the students are too quiet in class、A、WhatB、ThatC、WhenD、Who11、Passengers _____ talk to the driver while the bus is moving, because it will take his focus offthe road、A、would notB、must notC、may notD、need not12、_____ to manage time wisely, and you can make the most out of each day、A、LearningB、To learnC、LearnedD、Learn13、It rained this morning, _____ actually didn’t bother me because I like walking in the rain、A、whatB、whenC、whereD、which14、Parents need to encourage kids to develop their potential _____ putting too much pressure onthem、A、withoutB、besidesC、byD、for15、—What a shame! We misunderstood each other for such a long time、—Yes, I wish I _____ with you earlier、A、communicateB、had communicatedC、communicatedD、would communicate第二节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1、5分,共30分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给得A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2018西城一模答案

西城区高三统一测试理科综合参考答案及评分标准2018.4第一部分共20小题,每小题6分,共120分。
6.D 7.A 8.C9.C 10.B11.B 12.C25~28题其他正确答案可参照本标准给分25.(12分,每空2分)(1)2CaCO 3+2SO 2+O 2=====2CaSO 4+2CO 2(2)4NH 3+6NO===== 5N 2+6H 2O(3)①②SO 2+ClO −+H 2O ==SO 42−+Cl −+2H +③SO 2在水中的溶解度大于NO ;SO 2在溶液中的还原性强于NO ;SO 2与NaClO 溶液的反应速率大于NO④2∶1326.(12分,每空2分)(1)①Al 2O 3(s) + 3C(s) + AlCl 3(g) == 3AlCl(g) + 3CO(g) ΔH =+1486 kJ ·mol −1 ②减小(2)第一步反应是气体分子数增加的反应,降低压强,利于生成AlCl(3)CO 与Al 或AlCl 反应生成Al 2O 3和C ;CO 在Al 或AlCl 作用下生成CO 2和C(4)T 3>T 2>T 1(5)AlCl 327.(17分,(3)①第二个离子方程式1分,其它每空2分)(1)①KSCN②两个实验过程均有O 2,但NaNO 3溶液中无明显变化③NO 2−+e −+H 2O== NO↑+2OH −证实Fe 2+被NO 2−氧化生成Fe 3+(2)①将NO 通入FeSO 4溶液中,溶液由浅绿色变黄色最后变棕色,将NO 通入Fe 2(SO 4)3高温 催化剂溶液中,无明显变化②棕色溶液中的[Fe(NO)]2+受热生成Fe2+,加热有利于Fe2+被氧化为Fe3+,促进Fe3+水解,产生Fe(OH)3沉淀(3)①Fe2++NO2−+2CH3COOH== Fe3++NO↑+H2O+2CH3COO−Fe2++NO== [Fe(NO)]2+②两层液体界面上H+、NO3−与Fe2+反应,生成棕色的[Fe(NO)]2+28.(17分,(1)第二空1分,其它每空2分)(1)碳碳双键、氯原子取代反应(2)NaOH/H2O,△(3)(4)(5)a(6)(7)(8)分)(1分)。
北京市西城区2018届高三4月统一测试一模数学理

c ,其中 a b c .一项任务的 “相对等待时间 ”定义为从开始执行第一项任务到完成该
任务的时间与计算机系统执行该任务的时间之比.下列四种执行顺序中,使三项任务
“相
对等待时间 ”之和最小的是
( A) U V W ( B ) V W U ( C) W U V
(D)U W V
·2·
(B) 2
( C) 2
(D) 2
6.设函数 f ( x) x2 bx c .则“ f (x) 有两个不同的零点”是“
x0 R ,使 f ( x0 ) 0 ”的
( A)充分而不必要条件
( B)必要而不充分条件
( C)充分必要条件
( D)既不充分也不必要条件 Nhomakorabeaf ( x) 7.函数
2x2 4x 1, x 0,
2 3x ,
x ≤ 0. 则 y
f ( x) 的图象上关于原点
O 对称的点共有
( A) 0 对
( B)1 对
( C) 2 对
( D) 3 对
8.某计算机系统在同一时间只能执行一项任务,且该任务完成后才能执行下一项任务.现
有
三项任务 U , V , W ,计算机系统执行这三项任务的时间(单位:
s)依次为 a , b ,
( A) { x R | x 1}
{ x R | 1 x 2}
( B)
3
2
{x R|
x 3}
( C)
3
( D) { x R | x 3}
2.执行如图所示的程序框图,输出的 k 值为
( A) 2
( B) 3
( C) 4
( D) 5 3.已知圆的方程为
x2 y2 2y 0 .以原点为极点,轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,该圆
2018西城一模及答案

西城区高三统一测试理科综合2018.4本试卷共17页,共300分。
考试时长150分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分(选择题共120分)本部分共20小题,每小题6分,共120分。
在每小题列出的四个选项中,选出最符合题目要求的一项。
1.下列关于高中生物实验的表述,正确的是A.鉴定还原糖与蛋白质所用试剂及操作相同B.可以用平板划线法测定土壤中微生物数量C.光合色素分离和花生子叶中脂肪鉴定均需显微观察D.测定亚硝酸盐含量需配制标准溶液显色后进行比色叶绿体基因编码,其合成、加工与转运过程如右图所示。
下列说法错误..的是A.甲、乙蛋白通过类似胞吞过程从细胞质进入叶绿体B.甲蛋白可能和碳(暗)反应有关,乙蛋白可能和光反应有关C.类囊体蛋白质由细胞质和叶绿体中的核糖体合成D.运至叶绿体不同部位的甲、乙蛋白都需经过加工3.某研究小组观察运动对糖尿病大鼠部分生理指标的影响。
糖尿病大鼠经过6~的是7周运动训练后,测得数据如下。
下列分析错误A.患糖尿病可导致大鼠生长缓慢,运动训练能促进糖尿病大鼠生长B.与正常组相比,糖尿病非运动组大鼠吸收利用转化葡萄糖效率高C.糖尿病非运动组大鼠胰岛素受体数量增加与胰岛素含量降低有关北京市西城区2018年4月高三理科综合第1页(共8页)D.运动训练能促进糖尿病大鼠胰岛素的分泌,并显著降低血糖浓度北京市西城区2018年4月高三理科综合第2页(共8页)4.被捕食者在开始逃逸之前,容许捕食者靠近到一定距离,称为“逃逸开始距离”(简称FID )。
无铠甲及背刺的米诺鱼和长有铠甲及背刺的粘背鱼生活在同一区域。
利用这两种小型鱼与其共同天敌黑鲈鱼在水族箱中进行实验,结果如下图,据此实验结果推测合理的是A.群体活动的米诺鱼比单独活动时推迟了对捕食者的反应B.粘背鱼体长以及是否进行群体活动与F I D无明显的关系C.粘背鱼体长与F I D有关,说明其体长越大运动能力越差D.粘背鱼的F I D相对较小,与其有铠甲和背刺有一定关系5.为研究与植物生长相关的基因及其作用,科学家获得了基因A、B、C失活的多种突变体,电泳分析各植株中蛋白m和蛋白n的表达情况,结果如下图。
2018届北京市西城区高三第一次模拟考试卷数学(理)附答案

2018届北京市西城区高三第一次模拟考试卷数学(理)附答案第Ⅰ卷(选择题共40分)一、选择题:本大题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.在每小题列出的四个选项中,选出符合题目要求的一项.1.若集合,,则()A.B.C.D.2.执行如图所示的程序框图,输出的值为()A.2 B.3 C.4 D.53.已知圆的方程为.以原点为极点,轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,该圆的极坐标方程为()A.B.C.D.4.正三棱柱的三视图如图所示,该正三棱柱的表面积是( )A .B .C .D .5.已知是正方形的中心.若,其中,,则( )A .B .C .D .6.设函数.则“有两个不同的零点”是“,使”的( )A .充分而不必要条件B .必要而不充分条件C .充分必要条件D .既不充分也不必要条件7.函数,则的图象上关于原点对称的点共有( )A .0对B .1对C .2对D .3对8.某计算机系统在同一时间只能执行一项任务,且该任务完成后才能执行下一项任务.现有三项任务,,,计算机系统执行这三项任务的时间(单位:)依次为,,,其中.一项任务的“相对等待时间”定义为从开始执行第一项任务到完成该任务的时间与计算机系统执行该任务的时间之比.下列四种执行顺序中,使三项任务“相对等待时间”之和最小的是( ) A .B .C .D .U V W s U V W →→V W U →→W U V →→U W V→→第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共110分)二、填空题:本大题共6小题,每小题5分,共30分.9.若复数的实部与虚部相等,则实数____.10.设等差数列的前项和为,若,,则____;____.11.已知抛物线的焦点与双曲线的一个焦点重合,则____;双曲线的渐近线方程是____________.12.设,若函数的最小正周期为,则____.13.安排甲、乙、丙、丁4人参加3个运动项目,每人只参加一个项目,每个项目都有人参加.若甲、乙2人不能参加同一个项目,则不同的安排方案的种数为____.(用数字作答)14.如图,在长方体中,,,点在侧面上.若点到直线和的距离相等,则的最小值是____.三、解答题:本大题共6小题,共80分.解答应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.15.(13分)在△中,已知.(1)求的大小;(2)若,,求△的面积.16.(13分)某企业2017年招聘员工,其中、、、、五种岗位的应聘人数、录用人数和录用比例(精确到1%)如下:(1 (2)从应聘岗位的6人中随机选择2人.记为这2人中被录用的人数,求的分布列和数学期望;(3)表中、、、、各岗位的男性、女性录用比例都接近(二者之差的绝对值不大于5%),但男性的总录用比例却明显高于女性的总录用比例.研究发现,若只考虑其中某四种岗位,则男性、女性的总录用比例也接近,请写出这四种岗位.(只需写出结论)A B C D E E A B C D E17.(14分)如图1,在△中,,分别为,的中点,为的中点,,.将△沿折起到△的位置,使得平面平面,如图2.(1)求证:;(2)求直线和平面所成角的正弦值;(3)线段上是否存在点,使得直线和所成角的余弦值为?若存在,求出的值;若不存在,说明理由.图1 图218.(13分)已知函数,其中.(1)若曲线在处的切线与直线垂直,求的值;(2)当时,证明:存在极小值.19.(14分)已知圆和椭圆,是椭圆的左焦点.(1)求椭圆的离心率和点的坐标;(2)点在椭圆上,过作轴的垂线,交圆于点(不重合),是过点的圆的切线.圆的圆心为点,半径长为.试判断直线与圆的位置关系,并证明你的结论.20.(13分)数列:满足:.记的前项和为,并规定.定义集合.(1)对数列:,,,,,求集合;(2)若集合,证明:;(3)给定正整数.对所有满足的数列,求集合的元素个数的最小值.2018届北京市西城区高三第一次模拟考试卷数学(理)答案一、选择题:本大题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.1-5.DCBDB 6-8.CCA二、填空题:本大题共6小题,每小题5分,共30分.9.10.6,11.,12.213.30 14.注:第10,11题第一空3分,第二空2分.三、解答题:本大题共6小题,共80分.其他正确解答过程,请参照评分标准给分.15.【答案】(1);(2)见解析.【解析】(1)因为,所以.在△中,由正弦定理得,所以.因为,所以.(2)在△中,由余弦定理得,所以,整理得,解得,或,均适合题意.当时,△的面积为.当时,△的面积为.16.【答案】(1);(2)分布列见解析,;(3)、、、. 【解析】(1)因为表中所有应聘人员总数为,被该企业录用的人数为,所以从表中所有应聘人员中随机选择1人,此人被录用的概率约为.(2)X 可能的取值为0,1,2.因为应聘E 岗位的6人中,被录用的有4人,未被录用的有2人,所以;;.所以X 的分布列为:.(3)这四种岗位是:、、、.17.【答案】(1)见解析;(2);(3)存在,.【解析】(1)因为在△中,,分别为,的中点,()43E X =B C DE B C D E所以,.所以,又为的中点,所以.因为平面平面,且平面,所以平面,所以.(2)取的中点,连接,所以.由(1)得,.如图建立空间直角坐标系.由题意得,,,,.所以,,.设平面的法向量为,则,即,令,则,,所以.设直线和平面所成的角为,则.所以直线和平面所成角的正弦值为.(3)线段上存在点适合题意.设,其中.设,则有,所以,从而,所以,又,所以.令,整理得.解得,舍去.所以线段上存在点适合题意,且.18.【答案】(1);(2)见解析.【解析】(1)的导函数为.依题意,有,解得.(2)由及知,与同号.令,则.所以对任意,有,故在单调递增.因为,所以,,故存在,使得.与在区间上的情况如下:↘极小值↗所以在区间上单调递减,在区间上单调递增.所以存在极小值.19.【答案】(1),;(2)相切,证明见解析. 【解析】(1)由题意,椭圆的标准方程为.所以,,从而.因此,.故椭圆的离心率,椭圆的左焦点的坐标为.(2)直线与圆相切.证明如下:设,其中,则,依题意可设,则.直线的方程为,整理为.所以圆的圆心到直线的距离.因为.所以,e =()F即,所以直线与圆相切.20.【答案】(1);(2)见解析;(3).【解析】(1)因为,,,,,,所以.(2)由集合的定义知,且是使得成立的最小的k,所以.又因为,所以,所以.(3)因为,所以非空.设集合,不妨设,则由(2)可知,同理,且.所以.因为,所以的元素个数.取常数数列:,并令,则,适合题意,且,其元素个数恰为.综上,的元素个数的最小值为.。
2018年北京市西城区高三一模语文试卷

本试卷共10页,150分。
考试时长150分钟。
考生务必将条形码贴在答题纸规定处..............,并将答案写在答题纸上,在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。
一、本大题共8小题,共24分。
阅读下面的材料,完成1—8题。
材料一刘宗周《<论语>学案》中说:“‘学’字是孔门第一义。
”认为对“学而时习之”中“学”的理解是理解本章乃至整个孔子儒学思想的基础。
那么,如何理解“学”呢?至少在东汉之前,对“学”通行的解释是“觉”。
皇侃认为:“学,觉也,悟也。
”这个理解不无道理。
但皇侃进一步解释:“言用先王之道,导人情性,使自觉悟。
”强调以“先王之道”来对人的性情进行引导;这一过程不是“自觉悟”,而是学习外在的知识,服从外在的训导。
这种以“导”为前提的“觉”明显是不彻底的,要达到“自觉悟”,还需要从自身切近处入手,“远取诸物,近取诸身”,来获取对人生、对世界的基本认识。
子夏说“君子学以致其道”,在儒家那里,天道和人道是一致的,而“天道远,人道迩.”,因此,在学习中,对日常人事的体验是达到“自觉”的相对容易的途径。
对“学”的另一种较为常见的解释是“效”,有“效法”之义。
“效”的基本方法是诵读记载先贤言行的著作,即“读书”。
“学谓读书”是宋明理学著述中常见的观点,不过将“效”只是理解为效法先贤,甚至进一步引申为读书,并将其作为“学”的全部意义,则显得偏狭。
因此,有许多学者对以读圣贤书为学的做法提出了批评,激烈的如李贽、颜元自不待说,连一些理学的服膺.者也不赞同将学与读书等同起来,明代的郝敬说:“或问:学是诵读否?曰:不废诵读,不倚诵读。
”可谓是一种较为中.肯的见解。
“学”的过程是“说(悦)”的。
中国自古就有“十年寒窗苦”“学海无涯苦作舟”等说法,愉悦何来呢?通过前文对“学”字的分析可知,孔子所谓“学”,并非后世科举等功利的目的驱动之下的皓.首穷经之“学”,而是将“学”作为完善自身人格、不断实现人生超越的途径。
2018 西城一模 试卷及答案(高清重排版)

班级 姓名 机读号/ / / / O / / / / / / O / / / / / / O 密 O 封 O 装 O 订 O 线 O / / / / / / O / / / / / / O / / / / / /2018年 西城一模 第一部分 选择题(共44分)下列各小题均有四个选项,其中只有一项是符合题意要求的。
请将所选答案前的字母,按规定要求填涂在答题卡第1-11题的相应位置上。
(每小题4分,选对一项得4分,多选则该小题不得分)微信中的魅力中国24 节气表情包, 用时尚现代的传播方式, 向世界推广中国优秀的传统文化。
图1 为立春和雨水的表情符号。
读图, 回答第1 题。
1. 图中两节气期间( ) A. 华北平原进入雨季 B. 浙闽丘陵茶树萌发 C. 赤道太阳高度变小 D. 地球公转速度渐快露点是指在固定气压下, 大气中的气态水达到饱和而凝结成液态水, 所需要降至的温度。
图2 为美洲局部地区某时天气图。
读图, 回答第2、3 题。
2. 图中( )A. ①地气温低、降水少 B. ②地气温高、露点高 C. ③地风力弱、雾霾重 D. ④地风力强、雷暴多 3. 图示区域( )A. 主要受盛行西风影响 B. 西部为板块生长边界 C. 东南部飓风活动多发 D. 东北部为水稻种植区图3 示意每5°纬度带世界海陆分布及平均温度年较差。
读图, 回答第4、5 题。
4. 图中( )A. 图例甲表示海洋, 乙表示陆地 B. 北半球高纬比低纬海洋面积大 C. 南回归线附近海陆面积相差最小D. 40°S 比40°N 平均温度年较差小 5. 据图推断( )A. ①地针叶林面积广大 B. ②地为热带季风气候 C. ③地海陆间循环为主 D. ④地洋流自西向东流 随着电子商务的发展, 网店数量集中的淘宝镇大量涌现。
图4 示意中国淘宝镇分布。
读图, 回答第6、7 题。
6. 淘宝镇形成的主要优势区位条件有( ) ①商业文化氛围较好 ②农业发展历史悠久 ③交通通信设施完善 ④科学技术实力雄厚 A. ①③ B. ①④ C. ②③ D. ②④ 7. 淘宝镇( )A. 均分布于东南沿海 B. 有明确的服务范围 C. 规模等级浙高于冀 D. 环境承载力粤最大班级 姓名 机读号/ / / / O / / / / / / O / / / / / / O 密 O 封 O 装 O 订 O 线 O / / / / / / O / / / / / / O / / / / / /蔓越莓生长在寒冷的湿地中。
2018年北京市西城区高三一模英语试题

西城区高三统一测试英语2018.4 本试卷共9页,共120分。
考试时长100分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分:知识运用(共两节,45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,共15分)从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例:It’s so nice to hear from her again. _____, we last met more than thirty ye ars ago.A. What’s moreB. That’s to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是D。
1. —Is there a hospital nearby? I hurt my ankle, and cannot move now.—It’s about 3 blocks away. I _____ you there.A. tookB. takeC. will takeD. have taken2. Rosa _____ this washing machine for more than ten years. She is thinking about buying a newone.A. is usingB. usedC. had usedD. has been using3. This course is of great interest to students, _____ to improve their writing skills.A. hopeB. to hopeC. hopingD. hoped4. —Vivien, you look blue. What’s wrong?—There are so many papers _____. I’m really busy recently.A. finishB. to finishC. finishingD. finished5. _____ at the differences between her culture and theirs, Annie wanted to return home.A. ConfusingB. ConfusedC. Having confusedD. To confuse6. The old bank, _____ appearance is not a pretty sight, is extremely beautiful on the inside.A. whoseB. whereC. whenD. which7. The famous player tried again and again after each failure. That’s _____ he succeeded at last.A. whatB. whenC. whetherD. why8. Usually Beijing Roast Duck _____ together with special pancakes, green onions and sweetsauce.A. was servedB. will serveC. is servedD. served9. _____ gas prices are rising, people are looking for less expensive ways to get around.A. Now thatB. Even ifC. AlthoughD. Unless10. _____ annoys the teacher most is that all the students are too quiet in class.A. WhatB. ThatC. WhenD. Who11. Passengers _____ talk to the driver while the bus is moving, because it will take his focus offthe road.A. would notB. must notC. may notD. need not12. _____ to manage time wisely, and you can make the most out of each day.A. LearningB. To learnC. LearnedD. Learn13. It rained this morning, _____ actually didn’t bother me because I like walking in the rain.A. whatB. whenC. whereD. which14. Parents need to encourage kids to develop their potential _____ putting too much pressure on西城区高三统一测试第1 页(共9页)them.A. withoutB. besidesC. byD. for15. —What a shame! We misunderstood each other for such a long time.—Yes, I wish I _____ with you earlier.A. communicateB. had communicatedC. communicatedD. would communicate第二节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,共30分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2018年北京市西城区高三英语一模试卷与答案

西城区高三统一测试英语2018.4 本试卷共9页,共120分。
考试时长100分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分:知识运用(共两节,45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,共15分)从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例:It’s so nice to hear from her again. _____, we last met more than thirty years ago.A. What’s moreB. That’s to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是D。
1. —Is there a hospital nearby? I hurt my ankle, and cannot move now.—It’s about 3 blocks away. I _____ you there.A. tookB. takeC. will takeD. have taken2. Rosa _____ this washing machine for more than ten years. She is thinking about buying a new one.A. is usingB. usedC. had usedD. has been using3. This course is of great interest to students, _____ to improve their writing skills.A. hopeB. to hopeC. hopingD. hoped4. —Vivien, you look blue. What’s wrong?—There are so many papers _____. I’m really busy recently.A. finishB. to finishC. finishingD. finished5. _____ at the differences between her culture and theirs, Annie wanted to return home.A. Confusing ?B. Confused ?C. Having confused ?D. To confuse6. The old bank, _____ appearance is not a pretty sight, is extremely beautiful on the inside.A. whoseB. whereC. whenD. which7. The famous player tried again and again after each failure. T hat’s _____ he succeeded at last.A. whatB. whenC. whetherD. why8. Usually Beijing Roast Duck _____ together with special pancakes, green onions and sweet sauce.A. was servedB. will serveC. is servedD. served9. _____ gas prices are rising, people are looking for less expensive ways to get around.A. Now thatB. Even ifC. AlthoughD. Unless10. _____ annoys the teacher most is that all the students are too quiet in class.A. WhatB. ThatC. WhenD. Who11. Passengers _____ talk to the driver while the bus is moving, because it will take his focus offthe road.A. would notB. must notC. may notD. need not12. _____ to manage time wisely, and you can make the most out of each day.A. LearningB. To learnC. LearnedD. Learn13. It rained this morning, _____ actually didn’t bother me because I like walking in the rain.A. whatB. whenC. whereD. which14. Parents need to encourage kids to develop their potential _____ putting too much pressure onthem.A. withoutB. besidesC. byD. for15. —What a shame! We misunderstood each other for such a long time.—Yes, I wish I _____ with you earlier.A. communicateB. had communicatedC. communicatedD. would communicate第二节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,共30分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2018届北京市西城区高三一模考试英语试题(解析版)

2018届北京市西城区高三一模考试英 语注意事项:1.答题前,先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上,并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后,用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3.非选择题的作答:用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4.考试结束后,请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第I 卷(选择题)一、单项选择1.—Is there a hospital nearby? I hurt my ankle, and cannot move now. —It’s about 3 blocks away. I _____ you there. A. took B. take C. will takeD. have taken2.Rosa _____ this washing machine for more than ten years. She is thinking about buying a new one. A. is using B. usedC. had usedD. has been using3.This course is of great interest to students, _____ to improve their writing skills. A. hope B. to hope C. hopingD. hoped4.—Vivien, you look blue. What’s wrong?—There are so many papers _____. I’m really busy recently. A. finish B. to finish C. finishingD. finished5._____ at the differences between her culture and theirs, Annie wanted to return home. A. ConfusingB. ConfusedC. Having confusedD. To confuse6.The old bank, _____ appearance is not a pretty sight, is extremely beautiful on the inside.A. whoseB. whereC. whenD. which7.The famous player tried again and again after each failure. That’s _____ he succeeded at last.A. whatB. whenC. whetherD. why8.Usually Beijing Roast Duck _____ together with special pancakes, green onions and sweet sauce. A. was served B. will serve C. is servedD. served9._____ gas prices are rising, people are looking for less expensive ways to get around. A. Now that B. Even if C. Although D. Unless10._____ annoys the teacher most is that all the students are too quiet in class.A. WhatB. ThatC. WhenD. Who11.Passengers _____ talk to the driver while the bus is moving, because it will take his focus off the road.A. would notB. must notC. may notD. need not12._____ to manage time wisely, and you can make the most out of each day. A. Learning B. To learn C. LearnedD. Learn13.It rained this morning, _____ actually didn’t bother me because I like walking in the rain. A. what B. when C. whereD. which14.Parents need to encourage kids to develop their potential _____ putting too much pressure on them. A. without B. besides C. byD. for15.—What a shame! We misunderstood each other for such a long time. —Yes, I wish I _____ with you earlier. A. communicateB. had communicatedC. communicatedD. would communicate 二、完形填空此卷只装订不密封班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号“And this is me kissing the Blarney Stone”, says Carrie, my seventeen-year-old daughter. She turns the pages of her new photo album, recounting her recent ten-day _______ abroad, and my mind wanders back…way back to when she was only five.“Someday I’m going to Ireland”, she said, holding her Childcraft book in her lap. Her blue eyes _______ as she looked at the beautiful pictures. “Well, maybe you can!” I said. However, it was _______ for our family to pay for the luxury of traveling. I was working as a secretary. My husband Charlie had to close his _______ last year due to his poor h ealth…Ten years later, Carrie came home from school one day, hardly able to contain her _______, “Mama, you’ll never _______ where the class is going. To Ireland!” she smiled _______. “You’re kidding!” I said. “Ireland! Where you’ve always wanted to go!”“The trip is _______ for year after next, and the $2,100 can be paid in installments (分期付款).” Then she added, “But that’s too much… isn’t it?” Her voice was _______ yet doubting. “Well,” I said slowly, “Daddy and I can’t help much; ________, you have two y ears to earn the money.” “You think so?” Carrie’s face lit up like a Christmas tree. “Well,” I ________, “maybe you could use your father’s bakery and sell baked goods.” Sell baked goods? We ________ at each other. Carrie was an excellent ________ ! This would work!So the plan was ________. Carrie began working, making a variety of baked goods. She used dried apples, cooked, seasoned and spiced to perfection. Soon, however, fried apple-pies became the customer favorite. All ingredients were ________—real shortening (起酥油), real butter—and the crust (皮) was handmade and hand-rolled. Finally the pies were fried to a beautiful, golden brown! The finished product was an extremely pleasant treat, winning ________ from even the little old ladies in these hills who have been making dried-apple pies for decades. ________ began rolling in, and the Ireland fund grew, and well ________ the given time the trip abroad was paid in full…Now I’m looking at her album as she proudly points out the ________ she visited: castles of Ireland, historic bridges and churches, cobblestone (鹅卵石) streets of Dublin… so much like those in her Childcraft book. My daughter will forever remember this dream come true, a dream that began in the heart of a five-year-old girl and was completely made ________ by the delicious apple pie!16.A. training B. journey C. study D. work17.A. brightened B. darkened C. hardened D. weakened18.A. wise B. wrong C. difficult D. pleasant19.A. bookstore B. bakery C. agency D. grocery20.A. disappointment B. surprise C. sorrow D. excitement21.A. realize B. understand C. guess D. forget22.A. shyly B. slightly C. bitterly D. broadly23.A. delayed B. planned C. continued D. made24.A. sharp B. hesitant C. hopeful D. firm25.A. thus B. even C. also D. still26.A. suggested B. insisted C. wondered D. disagreed27.A. pointed B. stared C. shouted D. laughed28.A. secretary B. traveler C. cook D. student29.A. canceled B. changed C. discussed D. laid30.A. natural B. delicious C. clean D. soft31.A. praise B. awards C. trust D. titles32.A. Menus B. Ideas C. Orders D. Questions33.A. within B. from C. beyond D. for34.A. buildings B. sites C. cities D. countries35.A. necessary B. important C. popular D. possible三、阅读理解ABecome a Volunteer and Make a DifferenceThe First Tee, as an outstanding youth development organization, is always searching for good people that want to volunteer at one of our many Pittsburgh area locations.We’re Looking for You!Nationwide, we currently have more than 3,700 coaches signed up with The First Tee as well as volunteers. But you don’t have to be a golf professional or even a good golfer. With The First Tee Coach Program, we provide the training you need.Developed with input from leading experts in the field of positive youth development, our program focuses on making participants stronger and more confident through decision-making and exploring options, inspiring the golfers of tomorrow to look to the future, set goals, and unlock their potential.We also need more volunteers to make The First Tee possible. Opportunities include:Assistant Coach:assist in our weekly golf clinics. All that we request is that you make a 7-week commitment (one day per week), for 2 hours each week. Each clinic is led by one of our trained staff members who creates a written lesson plan for our volunteers to follow.Database Manager: input data entry of participants, volunteers, and community relation records and update chapter information for Home Office and community relations. The database manager is expected to update the data a minimum of every other week.Equipment Manager: organize and sort donated equipment, get rid of unfit equipment, and arrange equipment for distribution to participants at least once a week.Greeter: register participants, hand information to parents, greet visitors, answer phone and provide general program information.Process of Becoming a VolunteerBegin by filling out the Google Forms application below. Once Alison Boyle (our Director of Volunteer and Participant Services) receives your completed application, she will contact you for an in-person interview.CLICK HERE to fill out a Volunteer Application via Google FormsFor more information, please contact our Director of Volunteer and Participant Services, Alison Boyle, at aboyle@.36.The First Tee Coach Program centers on ________.A. empowering participantsB. training professional coachesC. attracting more visitorsD. looking for golf stars37.If you are good at using computers, you may choose to be a (an) ________.A. greeterB. assistant coachC. database managerD. equipment manager38.To become a volunteer at The First Tee, one must ________.A. be a good golferB. have an interviewC. consult Alison BoyleD. promise to work 7 weeksBMost heroes are not super. They don’t appear in comic books, on television, or in movies. They just do what they believe needs to be done to make their world a better place. Bike Batman is one of them.Bike Batman is a 30-year-old married engineer who lives in Seattle, Washington. He’s a cyclist who also buys and sells bikes as a hobby.About three years ago, he was looking for a bike for his wife. He found one on Craigslist, a website where people list things they want to sell. As he often does, he also looked at Bike Index, a popular website that allows users to register their bikes and post reports when they’re taken. The bike, which he was considering purchasing, clearly matched one reported stolen on Bike Index. Then he called the person who claimed to be the bike’s owner and arranged to meet him— supposedly to complete the sale. When the two men met, Bike Batman told the thief, “You’ve got two options. You can wait until a police officer gets here, or you can just get out of here.” You can imagine what the thief did.After that first success, Bike Batman developed a safer routine. When he sees questionable bike ads on Craigslist, he cross references the image with bikes reported on Bike Index. Once he has confirmed it with the owner, he arranges a meet-up with the thief and will call the Seattle police department so that officers can participate in the action. In more than half of the 22 cases in which he has got back and returned bikes, the thieves have been arrested. In one case, Bike Batman even helped a family recover a wide range of prized possessions that suspects had stolen during a home burglary.His nickname came from a discussion with a police officer who suggested he be called “Robin Hood”. Since he wasn’t exactly stealing from the rich and giving to the poor, “Batman” seemed a better fit. The idea of a superhero punishing criminals feels pretty silly to him, but the main reason he continues his work is to keep up Seattle’s reputation as a friendly city.39.Bike Batman is ________.A. a superheroB. a website managerC. a Seattle citizenD. a police officer40.When Bike Batman discovers a questionable bike, he will first _____.A. contact the owner of the stolen bikeB. look up the bike’s informationC. call the police departmentD. arrange to meet the thief41.Bike Batman helps find the lost bikes to ________.A. become famousB. help poor peopleC. punish bike thievesD. build a friendly city42.From the passage, we can learn that ________.A. Bike Batman felt relieved to see the thieves arrestedB. Bike Batman began his good deeds by accidentC. the police failed to perform their dutiesD. the thieves refused to return the bikesCThe online takeaway industry is growing in China along with the rapid development of the Internet economy. But environmental activists complain that the huge volume of plastic utensils (用具), wrappingand containers presents a great challenge to the environment, and that the heavy use of throwaway wooden chopsticks is reducing natural resources.On September 1, the Beijing No.4 Intermediate People’s Court accepted a lawsuit filed by the Chongqing Green Volunteer League, an environmental non-government organization (NGO), against the country’s three largest food delivery pla tforms—Baidu Waimai, Ele.me and Meituan. The NGO stated that the companies failed to provide customers with the choice to not receive throwaway plastic utensils along with their food deliveries. Meanwhile, these utensils have created large amounts of rubbish and caused serious ecological damage.In response, both Meituan and Ele.me, which acquired Baidu Waimai in August, have promised to take measures to reduce plastic waste. Meituan announced that it would appoint a chief environmental officer to oversee environmental issues from plastic waste and upgrade its smartphone app to provide consumers with the option of ordering food without single-use chopsticks, spoons or napkins. Ele.me followed by offering a similar choice and putting forward a plan to introduce suppliers of degradable (可降解的) plastic utensils to restaurants in the long term.Is there a possible way out? Combined efforts by delivery platforms, consumers, restaurants and government departments are required to address plastic waste pollution.For platforms, promoting environmental protection and introducing this idea to consumers are a meaningful move. Moreover, in the future, they should also make strict rules on the use of plastic utensils. For example, no more than one plastic bag should be used to wrap soup dishes, and all plastic products should be degradable. It is a long and difficult task for them, and the recent reactions from Ele.me and Meituan are just beginnings.Considering most takeout food packaging is thrown into garbage bins and then taken away along with other household garbage, sorting of waste also becomes more important. Government departments could play a major role in this, and by recycling some materials, waste pollution could be reduced and resources saved. Furthermore, there have been growing calls that the government should also invest more in developing degradable plastic products or environmentally friendly alternatives.Though consumers enjoy the convenience yet also suffer exposure to the pollution, many of them have paid little attention to the plastic waste problem. Environmental groups suggest that consumers change their habits a little by using their own utensils and dishes and refusing unnecessary plastic containers.43.The Chongqing Green Volunteer League accused the three food delivery platforms of________.A. causing damage to people’s healthB. violating environmental standardsC. using many wooden chopsticksD. offering no utensil option44.The author suggests food delivery platforms________.A. raise people’s awarenessB. research possible alternativesC. upgrade their application designD. hire a chief environmental officer45.Who probably plays a more important role in promoting the categorization of rubbish?A. Government departments.B. Food delivery platforms.C. E nvironmental groups.D. Fast food restaurants.46.The passage is mainly concerned with________.A. why environmental problems ariseB. who food delivery platforms affect mostC. how plastic utensil pollution can be solvedD. what efforts environmental groups have madeDOwnership used to be about as straightforward as writing a cheque. If you bought something, you owned it. If it broke, you fixed it. If you no longer wanted it, you sold it or threw it away. In the digital age, however, ownership has become more slippery. Since the coming of smartphones, consumers have been forced to accept that they do not control the software in their devices; they are only licensed to use it. As a digital chain is wrapped ever more tightly around more devices, such as cars and thermostats, who owns and who controls which objects is becoming a problem. Buyers should be aware that some of their most basic property rights are under threat.The trend is not always harmful. Manufacturers seeking to restrict what owners do with increasingly complex technology have good reasons to protect their copyright, ensure that their machines do not break down, support environmental standards and prevent hacking. Sometimes companies use their control over a product’s software for the owners’ benefit. When Hurricane Irma hit Florida this month, Tesla remotely updated the software controlling the batteries of some models to give owners more range to escape the storm.But the more digital strings are attached to goods, the more the balance of control leans towards producers and away from owners. That can be inconvenient. Picking a car is hard enough, but harder still if you have to dig up the instructions that tell you how use is limited and what data you must give. If the products are intentionally designed not to last long, it can also be expensive. Already, items from smartphones to washing machines have become extremely hard to fix, meaning that they are thrown away instead of being repaired.Privacy is also at risk. Users become terrified when iRobot, a robotic vacuum cleaner, not only cleans the floor but also creates a digital map of the inside of a home that can then be sold to advertisers (though the manufacturer says it has no intention of doing so). Cases like this should remind people how jealously they ought to protect their property rights and control who uses the data that is collected.Ownership is not about to go away, but its meaning is changing. This requires careful inspection. Devices, by and large, are sold on the basis that they enable people to do what they want. To the extent they are controlled by somebody else, that freedom is compromised.47.What benefit does it bring to customers if companies control the ownership of products?A. It provides them with knowledge to prevent hacking.B. It gives them the chance to be protected from danger.C. It enables them to own the copyright of the products.D. It helps them know more about complex technology.48.The underlined words “that freedom” in the last paragra ph refer to the freedom to ________.A. control other peopleB. share the ownershipC. inspect devices at any timeD. use devices as one wishes49.The author may agree ________.A. customers should buy fewer digital devicesB. producers should control property rightsC. property rights need to be protectedD. better after sales service is required50.Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?I: Introduction P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: ConclusionA.B.C.D.四、七选五The Art of Slow ReadingIf you are reading this article in print, chances are that you will only get through half of what I havewritten. And if you are reading this online, you may not even finish a fifth. 51.They suggest that many of usno longer have the concentration to read articles through to their conclusion.So are we getting stupider? Actually, our online habits are damaging the mental power we need toprocess and understand textual information. Round-the-clock news makes us read from one article to the nextwithout necessarily engaging fully with any of the content. Our reading is frequently interrupted by the noiseof the latest email and we are now absorbing short bursts of words on Twitter and Facebook more regularlythan longer texts. 52.But we are gradually forgetting how to sit back, think carefully, and relate all the factsto each other.53.A desperate bunch of academics want us to take our time while reading, and re-reading. They askus to switch off our computers every so often and rediscover both the joy of personal engagement withprinted texts, and the ability to process them fully. What’s to be done then? Most slow readers realize thattotal rejection of the web is extremely unrealistic. They feel that getaway from technology for a while is theanswer. 54.Personally, I’m not sure whether I could ever go offline for long. Even while writing this article, I amswitching constantly between sites, skimming too often, absorbing too little. Internet reading has become toorooted in my daily life for me to change. I read essays and articles not in hard copy but as PDFs. I suspect thatmany readers are in a similar position.55.You can download a computer application called Freedom, whichallows you to read in peace by cutting off your Internet connection. Or if you want to avoid being disturbedby the Internet, you could always download offline reader Instapaper for your iPhone. If you’re stillreading my article, that is slow reading.A. The Internet is probably part of the problem.B. Now some campaigns are advocating slow reading.C. These are the two findings from the recent research projects.D. But if you just occasionally want to read more slowly, help is at hand.E. Some of them have suggested turning their computers off for one day a week.F. Slow reading can help connect a reader to neighborhood and become popular.G. Because of the Internet, we have become very good at collecting information.第II卷(非选择题)五、提纲类作文56.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华,你写信建议你的美国朋友George 参加中国日报(China Daily)专门为外国人举办的2018“最美中国”(Amazing China)手机摄影大赛。
2018北京市西城区高三一模数学(文科)

西城区高三统一测试数学(文科) 2018.4第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共40分)一、 选择题:本大题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.在每小题列出的 四个选项中,选出符合题目要求的一项. 1.若集合{|320}A x x =∈+>R ,2{|230}Bx x x =∈-->R ,则AB =(A ){|1}x x ∈<-R(B )2{|1}3x x ∈-<<-R(C )2{|3}3x x ∈-<<R(D ){|3}x x ∈>R2.若复数(i)(34i)a++的实部与虚部相等,则实数a =(A )7 (B )7- (C )1 (D )1-3.执行如图所示的程序框图,输出的k 值为 (A )2 (B )3 (C )4 (D )54.若函数2,0,()3(),0xx f x g x x ⎧>⎪=⎨⎪<⎩是奇函数,则1()2f -=(A)3-(B3(C )29-(D )295.正三棱柱的三视图如图所示,该正三棱柱的表面积是 (A) (B2(C)6+(D)6+6.已知二次函数2()f x a x b x c=++.则“0a<”是“()0f x <恒成立”的(A )充分而不必要条件 (B )必要而不充分条件 (C )充分必要条件(D )既不充分也不必要条件7.已知O 是正方形A B C D 的中心.若D OA B A Cλμ−−→−−→−−→=+,其中λ,μ∈R,则λμ=(A )2-(B )12-(C )-(D8.如图,在长方体1111A B C DA B C D -中,12A A AB ==,1B C =,点P在侧面11A A B B 上.满足到直线1A A 和C D的距离相等的点P (A )不存在 (B )恰有1个(C )恰有2个(D )有无数个第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共110分)二、填空题:本大题共6小题,每小题5分,共30分. 9.函数1()ln f x x=的定义域是____.10.已知x ,y 满足条件 1,1,10,x y x y x +⎧⎪-⎨⎪+⎩≤≤≥则2zx y=+的最小值为____.11.已知抛物线28yx=-的焦点与双曲线2221(0)x ya a-=>的一个焦点重合,则a=____;双曲线的渐近线方程是____.12.在△A B C 中,7b =,5c =,3B 2π∠=,则a=____.13.能够说明“存在不相等的正数a ,b ,使得a b ab+=”是真命题的一组a ,b 的值为____.14.某班共有学生40名,在乒乓球、篮球、排球三项运动中每人至少会其中的一项,有些人会其中的两项,没有人三项均会.若该班18人不会打乒乓球,24人不会打篮球,16人不会打排球,则该班会其中两项运动的学生人数是____.三、解答题:本大题共6小题,共80分.解答应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤. 15.(本小题满分13分)设等差数列{}n a 的公差不为0,21a =,且2a ,3a ,6a 成等比数列.(Ⅰ)求{}n a 的通项公式;(Ⅱ)设数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ,求使35n S >成立的n 的最小值.16.(本小题满分13分)函数π()2co s co s()3f x x x m=⋅-+的部分图象如图所示.(Ⅰ)求m 的值; (Ⅱ)求0x 的值.17.(本小题满分13分)某企业2017年招聘员工,其中A 、B 、C 、D 、E 五种岗位的应聘人数、录用人数和录用比例(精确到1%)如下:(Ⅰ)从表中所有应聘人员中随机选择1人,试估计此人被录用的概率;(Ⅱ)从应聘E 岗位的6人中随机选择1名男性和1名女性,求这2人均被录用的概率; (Ⅲ)表中A 、B 、C 、D 、E 各岗位的男性、女性录用比例都接近(二者之差的绝对值不大于5%),但男性的总录用比例却明显高于女性的总录用比例.研究发现,若只考虑其中某四种岗位,则男性、女性的总录用比例也接近,请写出这四种岗位.(只需写出结论)18.(本小题满分14分)如图1,在△A B C 中,D ,E 分别为A B ,A C 的中点,O 为D E 的中点,A BA C ==,4B C =.将△A D E 沿D E 折起到△1A D E 的位置,使得平面1A D E⊥平面B C E D ,F 为1A C的中点,如图2. (Ⅰ)求证://E F平面1A B D ;(Ⅱ)求证:平面1A O B ⊥平面1A O C ;(Ⅲ)线段O C 上是否存在点G ,使得O C ⊥平面E F G ?说明理由.图1 图219.(本小题满分14分)已知椭圆2222:1(0)x y C a b a b+=>>2,以椭圆C 的任意三个顶点为顶点的三角形的面积是(Ⅰ)求椭圆C 的方程;(Ⅱ)设A 是椭圆C 的右顶点,点B 在x 轴上.若椭圆C 上存在点P ,使得90A P B∠=,求点B 横坐标的取值范围.20.(本小题满分13分)已知函数()e (ln )xf x a x =⋅+,其中a ∈R .(Ⅰ)若曲线()yf x =在1x =处的切线与直线ex y=-垂直,求a 的值;(Ⅱ)记()g x存在极小值点0x,且0()0a∈时,证明:()g x.当(0,ln2)f x的导函数为()f x<.西城区高三统一测试数学(文科)参考答案及评分标准2018.4一、选择题:本大题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.1.D 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.D 6.B 7.A 8.D二、填空题:本大题共6小题,每小题5分,共30分.9.(0,1)(1,)+∞ 10.5- 110x±=12.3 13.3,32(答案不唯一) 14.22注:第11题第一空3分,第二空2分.三、解答题:本大题共6小题,共80分. 其他正确解答过程,请参照评分标准给分. 15.(本小题满分13分)解:(Ⅰ)设等差数列{}n a 的公差为d ,0d ≠.因为2a ,3a ,6a 成等比数列, 所以2326a a a =⋅. [ 2分]即2(1)14d d+=+, [ 4分]解得 2d =,或0d =(舍去). [ 6分]所以 {}n a 的通项公式为2(2)23n a a n d n =+-=-. [ 8分](Ⅱ)因为23n a n =-,所以2121()()222n n n n a a n a a S nn-++===-. [10分]依题意有 2235n n ->,解得 7n >. [12分]使35nS >成立的n 的最小值为8. [13分]解:(Ⅰ)依题意,有2π()13f =-, [ 2分]所以 2ππ2co s co s133m ⋅+=-,解得 12m=-. [ 4分](Ⅱ)因为π1()2co s co s()32f x x x =⋅--112c o s (c o s in )222x x x =⋅+-[ 6分]21co s co s 2x x x =+-1in 2c o s 222x x=+ [ 9分]πsin (2)6x =+. [10分]所以()f x 的最小正周期2ππ2T ==. [11分]所以 02ππ7π326x =+=. [13分]17.(本小题满分13分)解:(Ⅰ)因为 表中所有应聘人员总数为 5334671000+=,被该企业录用的人数为 264169433+=.所以从表中所有应聘人员中随机选择1人,此人被录用的概率约为4331000P=.[ 3分](Ⅱ)记应聘E 岗位的男性为1M ,2M ,3M ,被录用者为1M ,2M ;应聘E 岗位的女性为1F ,2F ,3F ,被录用者为1F ,2F . [ 4分] 从应聘E 岗位的6人中随机选择1名男性和1名女性,共9种情况,即:111213212223313233,,,,,,,,M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F .[ 7分]这2人均被录用的情况有4种,即:11122122,,,M F M F M F M F . [ 8分] 记“从应聘E 岗位的6人中随机选择1名男性和1名女性,这2人均被录用”为事件K , 则4()9P K =. [10分](Ⅲ)这四种岗位是:B 、C 、D 、E . [13分]解:(Ⅰ)取线段1A B 的中点H ,连接H D ,H F . [ 1分] 因为 在△A B C 中,D ,E 分别为A B ,A C 的中点, 所以 //D EB C,12D EB C=.因为 H ,F 分别为1A B ,1A C 的中点,所以 //H F B C ,12H F B C=,所以 //H FD E,H FD E=,所以 四边形D E F H 为平行四边形, [ 3分] 所以 //E F H D . [ 4分] 因为 E F ⊄平面1A B D , H D ⊂平面1A B D , 所以 //E F 平面1A B D . [ 5分] (Ⅱ)因为 在△A B C 中,D ,E 分别为A B ,A C 的中点, 所以 AD AE =.所以11A D A E=,又O 为D E 的中点,所以 1A OD E⊥. [ 6分]因为 平面1A D E ⊥平面B C E D ,且1A O⊂平面1A D E ,所以 1A O ⊥平面B C E D , [ 7分]所以 1C OA O⊥. [ 8分]在△O B C 中,4B C =,易知 O B O C ==所以 C O B O⊥,所以 C O⊥平面1A O B , [ 9分]所以 平面1A O B ⊥平面1A O C . [10分](Ⅲ)线段O C 上不存在点G ,使得O C ⊥平面E F G . [11分]否则,假设线段O C 上存在点G ,使得O C ⊥平面E F G ,连接 G E ,G F ,则必有 O C G F⊥,且O CG E⊥.在 R t△1A O C 中,由F 为1A C 的中点,O CG F⊥,得G为O C 的中点. [12分]在 △E O C 中,因为 O C G E⊥,所以 E OE C=,这显然与 1E O =,E C =矛盾!所以 线段O C 上不存在点G ,使得O C⊥平面E F G . [14分]19.(本小题满分14分)解:(Ⅰ)设椭圆C 的半焦距为c .依题意,得2c a =a b=222a b c=+. [ 3分]解得2a =,b=.所以椭圆C 的方程为22142xy+=. [ 5分] (Ⅱ)“椭圆C 上存在点P ,使得90A P B∠=”等价于“存在不是椭圆左、右顶点的点P ,使得P A P B −−→−−→⋅=成立”. [ 6分]依题意,(2,0)A .设(,0)B t ,(,)P m n ,则2224m n+=, [ 7分]且 (2,)(,)0m n t m n --⋅--=,即 2(2)()0m t m n --+=. [ 9分]将2242m n-=代入上式,得 2(2)()24m m t m ---+=. [10分]因为 22m -<<,所以 22m t m +-+=,即22m t =+.[12分] 所以 2222t -<+<,解得20t -<<,所以 点B 横坐标的取值范围是(2,0)-. [14分]20.(本小题满分13分)解:(Ⅰ)11()e (ln )e e (ln )x x xf x a x a x xx'=⋅++⋅=⋅++. [ 2分]依题意,有(1)e (1)ef a '=⋅+=, [ 3分]第 11 页 共 11 页解得 0a =. [ 4分](Ⅱ)由(Ⅰ)得 1()e (ln )xg x a x x=⋅++,所以 2211121()e (ln )e ()e (ln )xxxg x a x a x xxxxx'=⋅+++⋅-=⋅+-+. [ 6分]因为 e 0x>,所以()g x '与221ln axxx+-+同号.设221()ln h x a xxx=+-+, [ 7分]则 223322(1)1()x x x h x xx-+-+'==.所以 对任意(0,)x ∈+∞,有()0h x '>,故()h x 在(0,)+∞单调递增. [ 8分] 因为(0,ln 2)a ∈,所以 (1)10h a =+>,11()ln22h a =+<,故存在01(,1)2x ∈,使得0()0h x =. [10分]()g x 与()g x '在区间1(,1)上的情况如下: 所以()g x 在区间01(,)2x 上单调递减,在区间0(,1)x 上单调递增.所以 若(0,ln 2)a ∈,存在01(,1)2x ∈,使得0x 是()g x 的极小值点. [11分] 令0()0h x =,得0212ln x a x x -+=,所以00212()e(ln )ex x x f x a x x -=⋅+=⋅<. [13分]。
2018年北京市西城区高三一模文科数学试题及参考答案

西城区高三统一测试数学(文科)2018.4第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共40分)一、 选择题:本大题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.在每小题列出的四个选项中,选出符合题目要求的一项.1.若集合{|320}A x x =∈+>R ,2{|230}B x x x =∈-->R ,则A B =(A ){|1}x x ∈<-R(B )2{|1}3x x ∈-<<-R(C )2{|3}3x x ∈-<<R(D ){|3}x x ∈>R2.若复数(i)(34i)a ++的实部与虚部相等,则实数a = (A )7(B )7-(C )1 (D )1-3.执行如图所示的程序框图,输出的k 值为 (A )2 (B )3 (C )4 (D )54.若函数2,0,()3(),0x x f x g x x ⎧>⎪=⎨⎪<⎩是奇函数,则1()2f -=(A)(B(C )29-(D )295.正三棱柱的三视图如图所示,该正三棱柱的表面积是 (A)B(C)6+D)6+6.已知二次函数2()f x ax bx c =++.则“0a <”是“()0f x <恒成立”的 (A )充分而不必要条件 (B )必要而不充分条件 (C )充分必要条件(D )既不充分也不必要条件7.已知O 是正方形ABCD 的中心.若DO AB AC λμ−−→−−→−−→=+,其中λ,μ∈R ,则λμ=(A )2-(B )12-(C )(D8.如图,在长方体1111ABCD A B C D -中,12AA AB ==,1BC =,点P 在侧面11A ABB 上.满足到直线1AA 和CD的距离相等的点P (A )不存在 (B )恰有1个(C )恰有2个(D )有无数个第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共110分)二、填空题:本大题共6小题,每小题5分,共30分. 9.函数1()ln f x x=的定义域是____.10.已知x ,y 满足条件1,1,10, x y x y x +⎧⎪-⎨⎪+⎩≤≤≥则2z x y =+的最小值为____.11.已知抛物线28y x =-的焦点与双曲线2221(0)x y a a-=>的一个焦点重合,则a =____;双曲线的渐近线方程是____.12.在△ABC 中,7b =,5c =,3B 2π∠=,则a =____.13.能够说明“存在不相等的正数a ,b ,使得a b ab +=”是真命题的一组a ,b 的值为____.14.某班共有学生40名,在乒乓球、篮球、排球三项运动中每人至少会其中的一项,有些人会其中的两项,没有人三项均会.若该班18人不会打乒乓球,24人不会打篮球,16人不会打排球,则该班会其中两项运动的学生人数是____.三、解答题:本大题共6小题,共80分.解答应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤. 15.(本小题满分13分)设等差数列{}n a 的公差不为0,21a =,且2a ,3a ,6a 成等比数列. (Ⅰ)求{}n a 的通项公式;(Ⅱ)设数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ,求使35n S >成立的n 的最小值.16.(本小题满分13分)函数π()2cos cos()3f x x x m =⋅-+的部分图象如图所示.(Ⅰ)求m 的值; (Ⅱ)求0x 的值.17.(本小题满分13分)某企业2017年招聘员工,其中A 、B 、C 、D 、E 五种岗位的应聘人数、录用人数和录用比例(精确到1%)如下:(Ⅰ)从表中所有应聘人员中随机选择1人,试估计此人被录用的概率;(Ⅱ)从应聘E 岗位的6人中随机选择1名男性和1名女性,求这2人均被录用的概率; (Ⅲ)表中A 、B 、C 、D 、E 各岗位的男性、女性录用比例都接近(二者之差的绝对值不大于5%),但男性的总录用比例却明显高于女性的总录用比例.研究发现,若只考虑其中某四种岗位,则男性、女性的总录用比例也接近,请写出这四种岗位.(只需写出结论)18.(本小题满分14分)如图1,在△ABC 中,D ,E 分别为AB ,AC 的中点,O 为DE 的中点,AB AC ==,4BC =.将△ADE 沿DE 折起到△1A DE 的位置,使得平面1A DE ⊥平面BCED ,F 为1A C的中点,如图2.(Ⅰ)求证://EF 平面1A BD ; (Ⅱ)求证:平面1A OB ⊥平面1A OC ;(Ⅲ)线段OC 上是否存在点G ,使得OC ⊥平面EFG ?说明理由.图1 图219.(本小题满分14分)已知椭圆2222:1(0)x y C a b a b+=>>2,以椭圆C 的任意三个顶点为顶点的三角形的面积是 (Ⅰ)求椭圆C 的方程;(Ⅱ)设A 是椭圆C 的右顶点,点B 在x 轴上.若椭圆C 上存在点P ,使得90APB ∠=,求点B 横坐标的取值范围.20.(本小题满分13分)已知函数()e (ln )x f x a x =⋅+,其中a ∈R .(Ⅰ)若曲线()y f x =在1x =处的切线与直线exy =-垂直,求a 的值; (Ⅱ)记()f x 的导函数为()g x .当(0,ln 2)a ∈时,证明:()g x 存在极小值点0x ,且0()0f x <.西城区高三统一测试数学(文科)参考答案及评分标准2018.4一、选择题:本大题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.1.D 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.D6.B 7.A8.D二、填空题:本大题共6小题,每小题5分,共30分.9.(0,1)(1,)+∞10.5-110x ±=12.313.3,32(答案不唯一)14.22注:第11题第一空3分,第二空2分.三、解答题:本大题共6小题,共80分. 其他正确解答过程,请参照评分标准给分. 15.(本小题满分13分)解:(Ⅰ)设等差数列{}n a 的公差为d ,0d ≠.因为2a ,3a ,6a 成等比数列,所以2326a a a =⋅.[ 2分]即2(1)14d d +=+,[ 4分]解得2d =,或0d =(舍去).[ 6分]所以{}n a 的通项公式为2(2)23n a a n d n =+-=-.[ 8分] (Ⅱ)因为23n a n =-,所以2121()()222n n n n a a n a a S n n -++===-.[10分] 依题意有2235n n ->, 解得7n >.[12分]使35n S >成立的n 的最小值为8.[13分]16.(本小题满分13分) 解:(Ⅰ)依题意,有2π()13f =-,[ 2分]所以 2ππ2cos cos 133m ⋅+=-,解得 12m =-.[ 4分](Ⅱ)因为π1()2cos cos()32f x x x =⋅--112cos (cos )22x x x =⋅+-[ 6分]21cos cos 2x x x +-12cos22x x +[ 9分]πsin(2)6x =+.[10分]所以()f x 的最小正周期2ππ2T ==.[11分]所以 02ππ7π326x =+=.[13分]17.(本小题满分13分)解:(Ⅰ)因为表中所有应聘人员总数为5334671000+=,被该企业录用的人数为264169433+=.所以从表中所有应聘人员中随机选择1人,此人被录用的概率约为4331000P =. [3分](Ⅱ)记应聘E 岗位的男性为1M ,2M ,3M ,被录用者为1M ,2M ;应聘E 岗位的女性为1F ,2F ,3F ,被录用者为1F ,2F .[4分]从应聘E 岗位的6人中随机选择1名男性和1名女性,共9种情况,即:111213212223313233,,,,,,,,M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F .[7分]这2人均被录用的情况有4种,即:11122122,,,M F M F M F M F .[8分]记“从应聘E 岗位的6人中随机选择1名男性和1名女性,这2人均被录用”为事件K ,则4()9P K =.[10分](Ⅲ)这四种岗位是:B 、C 、D 、E .[13分] 18.(本小题满分14分)解:(Ⅰ)取线段1A B 的中点H ,连接HD ,HF .[1分]因为在△ABC 中,D ,E 分别为AB ,AC 的中点,所以 //DE BC ,12DE BC =.因为 H ,F 分别为1A B ,1A C 的中点,所以 //HF BC ,12HF BC =,所以 //HF DE ,HF DE =,所以 四边形DEFH 为平行四边形,[3分] 所以 //EF HD .[ 4分]因为 EF ⊄平面1A BD , HD ⊂平面1A BD , 所以 //EF 平面1A BD .[ 5分](Ⅱ)因为在△ABC 中,D ,E 分别为AB ,AC 的中点, 所以 AD AE =.所以11A D A E =,又O 为DE 的中点, 所以 1A O DE ⊥.[ 6分] 因为平面1A DE ⊥平面BCED ,且1A O ⊂平面1A DE , 所以 1A O ⊥平面BCED ,[ 7分] 所以 1CO A O ⊥.[ 8分]在△OBC 中,4BC =,易知 OB OC == 所以 CO BO ⊥,所以 CO ⊥平面1A OB ,[ 9分] 所以 平面1A OB ⊥平面1A OC .[10分](Ⅲ)线段OC 上不存在点G ,使得OC ⊥平面EFG .[11分] 否则,假设线段OC 上存在点G ,使得OC ⊥平面EFG , 连接 GE ,GF ,则必有 OC GF ⊥,且OC GE ⊥.在Rt △1A OC 中,由F 为1A C 的中点,OC GF ⊥, 得G 为OC 的中点.[12分] 在△EOC 中,因为OC GE ⊥, 所以EO EC =,这显然与1EO =,EC =矛盾!所以线段OC 上不存在点G ,使得OC ⊥平面EFG .[14分]19.(本小题满分14分)解:(Ⅰ)设椭圆C 的半焦距为c .依题意,得c a =ab =222a b c =+.[ 3分]解得2a =,b .所以椭圆C 的方程为22142x y +=.[ 5分](Ⅱ)“椭圆C 上存在点P ,使得90APB ∠=”等价于“存在不是椭圆左、右顶点的点P ,使得0PA PB −−→−−→⋅=成立”.[ 6分] 依题意,(2,0)A .设(,0)B t ,(,)P m n ,则2224m n +=,[ 7分] 且(2,)(,)0m n t m n --⋅--=, 即2(2)()0m t m n --+=.[ 9分]将2242m n -=代入上式,得 2(2)()204m m t m ---+=.[10分]因为22m -<<,所以202mt m +-+=,即22m t =+.[12分] 所以2222t -<+<, 解得20t -<<,所以 点B 横坐标的取值范围是(2,0)-.[14分]20.(本小题满分13分) 解:(Ⅰ)11()e (ln )e e (ln )xxx f x a x a x x x'=⋅++⋅=⋅++.[ 2分] 依题意,有 (1)e (1)e f a '=⋅+=,[ 3分]解得0a =.[ 4分](Ⅱ)由(Ⅰ)得1()e (ln )xg x a x x=⋅++, 所以2211121()e (ln )e ()e (ln )x x xg x a x a x x x x x x'=⋅+++⋅-=⋅+-+.[6分]因为e 0x>,所以()g x '与221ln a x x x+-+同号. 设221()ln h x a x x x =+-+,[7分] 则 223322(1)1()x x x h x x x -+-+'==. 所以对任意(0,)x ∈+∞,有()0h x '>,故()h x 在(0,)+∞单调递增.[8分] 因为(0,ln 2)a ∈,所以(1)10h a =+>,11()ln 022h a =+<,故存在01(,1)2x ∈,使得0()0h x =.[10分]()g x 与()g x '在区间1(,1)上的情况如下:所以()g x 在区间0(,)2x 上单调递减,在区间0(,1)x 上单调递增.所以若(0,ln 2)a ∈,存在01(,1)2x ∈,使得0x 是()g x 的极小值点.[11分]令0()0h x =,得00212ln x a x x -+=, 所以00000212()e (ln )e 0x x x f x a x x -=⋅+=⋅<.[13分]。
精品解析:2018北京西城区高三一模英语试题及答案(解析版)

西城区高三统一测试英语2018.4本试卷共9页,共120分。
考试时长100分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分:知识运用(共两节,45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,共15分)从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例:It’s so nice to hear from her again. _____, we last met more than thirty y ears ago.A. What’s moreB. That’s to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是D。
1. —Is there a hospital nearby? I hurt my ankle, and cannot move now.—It’s about 3 blocks away. I _____ you there.A. tookB. takeC. will takeD. have taken【答案】C【解析】考查时态。
上句:附近有医院吗?我伤了脚踝,现在不能移动。
下句:离这里大约3个街区远。
我将带你去那里。
此处表示主观上的意愿,用一般将来时态,故选C。
2. Rosa _____ this washing machine for more than ten years. She is thinking about buying a new one.A. is usingB. usedC. had usedD. has been using【答案】D【解析】考查时态。
句意:Rosa已经使用这台洗衣机超过10年了。
她正在考虑买一个新的。
根据句意可知句子用现在完成进行时态,故选D。
3. This course is of great interest to students, _____ to improve their writing skills.A. hopeB. to hopeC. hopingD. hoped【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。
2018北京市西城区高三一模理科数学试题(卷)与参考答案解析

西城区高三统一测试数学(理科)2018.4第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共40分)一、 选择题:本大题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.在每小题列出的四个选项中,选出符合题目要求的一项.1.若集合{|320}A x x =∈+>R ,2{|230}B x x x =∈-->R ,则A B =(A ){|1}x x ∈<-R (B )2{|1}3x x ∈-<<-R(C )2{|3}3x x ∈-<<R(D ){|3}x x ∈>R2.执行如图所示的程序框图,输出的k 值为 (A )2 (B )3 (C )4 (D )53.已知圆的方程为2220x y y +-=.以原点为极点,x 轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,该圆的极坐标方程为 (A )2sin ρθ=- (B )2sin ρθ= (C )2cos ρθ=-(D )2cos ρθ=4.正三棱柱的三视图如图所示,该正三棱柱的表面积是(A )B(C )6+D )6+5.已知O 是正方形ABCD 的中心.若DO AB AC λμ−−→−−→−−→=+,其中λ,μ∈R ,则λμ=(A )12-(B )2- (C )(D6.设函数2()f x x bx c =++.则“()f x 有两个不同的零点”是“0x ∃∈R ,使0()0f x <”的(A )充分而不必要条件 (B )必要而不充分条件 (C )充分必要条件(D )既不充分也不必要条件7.函数2241,0,()23,0.xx x x f x x ⎧-+>⎪=⎨⋅⎪⎩≤ 则()y f x =的图象上关于原点O 对称的点共有 (A )0对 (B )1对 (C )2对(D )3对8.某计算机系统在同一时间只能执行一项任务,且该任务完成后才能执行下一项任务.现有 三项任务U ,V ,W ,计算机系统执行这三项任务的时间(单位:s )依次为a ,b ,c ,其中a b c <<.一项任务的“相对等待时间”定义为从开始执行第一项任务到完成该任务的时间与计算机系统执行该任务的时间之比.下列四种执行顺序中,使三项任务“相对等待时间”之和最小的是 (A )U →V →W (B )V →W →U(C )W →U →V(D )U →W →V第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共110分)二、填空题:本大题共6小题,每小题5分,共30分. 9.若复数(i)(34i)a ++的实部与虚部相等,则实数a =____.10.设等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S .若12a =,420S =,则3a =____;n S =____.11.已知抛物线28y x =-的焦点与双曲线2221(0)x y a a-=>的一个焦点重合,则a =____;双曲线的渐近线方程是____.12.设0ω>,若函数2cos y x ω=的最小正周期为π2,则ω=____.13.安排甲、乙、丙、丁4人参加3个运动项目,每人只参加一个项目,每个项目都有人参加.若甲、乙2人不能参加同一个项目,则不同的安排方案的种数为____.(用数字作答)14.如图,在长方体1111ABCD A B C D -中,12AA AB ==,1BC =,点P 在侧面11A ABB 上.若点P 到直线1AA 和CD 的距离相等, 则1A P 的最小值是____.三、解答题:本大题共6小题,共80分.解答应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤. 15.(本小题满分13分)在△ABC sin sin 2C c A ⋅=⋅. (Ⅰ)求A ∠的大小;(Ⅱ)若a b =ABC 的面积.16.(本小题满分13分)某企业2017年招聘员工,其中A 、B 、C 、D 、E 五种岗位的应聘人数、录用人数和录用比例(精确到1%)如下:(Ⅰ)从表中所有应聘人员中随机选择1人,试估计此人被录用的概率;(Ⅱ)从应聘E 岗位的6人中随机选择2人.记X 为这2人中被录用的人数,求X 的分布列和数学期望;(Ⅲ)表中A 、B 、C 、D 、E 各岗位的男性、女性录用比例都接近(二者之差的绝对值不大于5%),但男性的总录用比例却明显高于女性的总录用比例.研究发现,若只考虑其中某四种岗位,则男性、女性的总录用比例也接近,请写出这四种岗位.(只需写出结论)17.(本小题满分14分)如图1,在△ABC 中,D ,E 分别为AB ,AC 的中点,O 为DE 的中点,AB AC ==,4BC =.将△ADE 沿DE 折起到△1A DE 的位置,使得平面1A DE ⊥平面BCED ,如图2.(Ⅰ)求证:1A O BD⊥;(Ⅱ)求直线1A C 和平面1A BD 所成角的正弦值;(Ⅲ)线段1A C 上是否存在点F ,使得直线DF 和BC ?若存在,求出11A F A C 的值;若不存在,说明理由.图1图218.(本小题满分13分)已知函数1()e (ln )xf x a x x=⋅++,其中a ∈R . (Ⅰ)若曲线()y f x =在1x =处的切线与直线exy =-垂直,求a 的值; (Ⅱ)当(0,ln 2)a ∈时,证明:()f x 存在极小值.19.(本小题满分14分)已知圆22:4O x y +=和椭圆22:24C x y +=,F 是椭圆C 的左焦点. (Ⅰ)求椭圆C 的离心率和点F 的坐标;(Ⅱ)点P 在椭圆C 上,过P 作x 轴的垂线,交圆O 于点Q (,P Q 不重合),l 是过点Q 的圆O 的切线.圆F 的圆心为点F ,半径长为||PF .试判断直线l 与圆F 的位置关系,并证明你的结论.20.(本小题满分13分)数列n A :12,,,(2)n a a a n ≥满足:1(1,2,,)k a k n <=.记n A 的前k 项和为k S ,并规定00S =.定义集合*{n E k =∈N ,|k n ≤k j S S >,0,1,,1}j k =-.(Ⅰ)对数列5A :0.3-,0.7,0.1-,0.9,0.1,求集合5E ; (Ⅱ)若集合12{,,,}(1n m E k k k m =>,12)m k k k <<<,证明:11(1,2,,1)i ik k S S i m +-<=-;(Ⅲ)给定正整数C .对所有满足n S C >的数列n A ,求集合n E 的元素个数的最小值.西城区高三统一测试数学(理科)参考答案及评分标准2018.4一、选择题:本大题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.1.D 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.B 6.C 7.C8.A二、填空题:本大题共6小题,每小题5分,共30分.9.7-10.6,2n n +110x ±=12.213.3014注:第10,11题第一空3分,第二空2分.三、解答题:本大题共6小题,共80分. 其他正确解答过程,请参照评分标准给分. 15.(本小题满分13分)解:sin sin 2C c A ⋅=⋅,所以 sin 2sin cosC A A =.[ 1分] 在△ABCsin 2sin cos C A A =.[ 3分]所以cos A =.[ 4分] 因为 0πA <<, [ 5分] 所以 π6A =.[ 6分] (Ⅱ)在△ABC 中,由余弦定理得2222cos a b c bc A =+-, 所以222c c =+-⋅[ 8分] 整理得 2650c c -+=,[ 9分]解得 1c =,或5c =,均适合题意.[11分]当1c =时,△ABC的面积为1sin 2S bc A ==[12分]当5c =时,△ABC的面积为1sin 2S bc A ==[13分]16.(本小题满分13分)解:(Ⅰ)因为表中所有应聘人员总数为5334671000+=,被该企业录用的人数为264169433+=,所以从表中所有应聘人员中随机选择1人,此人被录用的概率约为4331000P =.[3分] (Ⅱ)X 可能的取值为0,1,2.[4分]因为应聘E 岗位的6人中,被录用的有4人,未被录用的有2人,[5分]所以2226C 1(0)C 15P X ===;112426C C 8(1)C 15P X ===;2426C 2(2)C 5P X ===.[8分] 所以X 的分布列为:()012151553E X =⨯+⨯+⨯=.[10分] (Ⅲ)这四种岗位是:B 、C 、D 、E .[13分] 17.(本小题满分14分)解:(Ⅰ)因为在△ABC 中,D ,E 分别为AB ,AC 的中点, 所以 //DE BC ,AD AE =.所以11A D A E =,又O 为DE 的中点, 所以 1A O DE ⊥.[1分]因为平面1A DE ⊥平面BCED ,且1A O ⊂平面1A DE , 所以 1A O ⊥平面BCED ,[3分] 所以 1A O BD ⊥.[ 4分](Ⅱ)取BC 的中点G ,连接OG ,所以OE OG ⊥. 由(Ⅰ)得1A O OE ⊥,1A O OG ⊥. 如图建立空间直角坐标系O xyz -.[5分]由题意得,1(0,0,2)A ,(2,2,0)B -,(2,2,0)C ,(0,1,0)D -. 所以1(2,2,2)A B −−→=--,1(0,1,2)A D −−→=--,1(2,2,2)A C −−→=-. 设平面1A BD 的法向量为(,,)x y z =n ,则110,0,A B A D −−→−−→⎧⋅=⎪⎨⎪⋅=⎩n n 即2220,20.x y z y z --=⎧⎨--=⎩令1x =,则2y =,1z =-,所以(1,2,1)=-n .[7分] 设直线1A C 和平面1A BD 所成的角为θ,则111||sin |cos ,|||||A C A C A C θ−−→−−→−−→⋅=〈〉==n n n . 所以 直线1A C 和平面1A BD.[9分] (Ⅲ)线段1A C 上存在点F 适合题意.设11A F A C λ−−→−−→=,其中[0,1]λ∈.[10分]设111(,,)F x y z ,则有111(,,2)(2,2,2)x y z λλλ-=-, 所以1112,2,22x y z λλλ===-,从而(2,2,22)F λλλ-, 所以(2,21,22)DF λλλ−−→=+-,又(0,4,0)BC −−→=,所以|||cos ,|||||DF BC DF BC DF BC −−→−−→−−→−−→−−→−−→⋅〈〉==.[12分]令整理得23720λλ-+=.[13分]解得13λ=,舍去2λ=.所以 线段1A C 上存在点F 适合题意,且1113A F A C =.[14分]18.(本小题满分13分)解:(Ⅰ)()f x 的导函数为2111()e (ln )e ()x x f x a x x x x'=⋅+++⋅-221e (ln )x a x x x =⋅+-+.[ 2分]依题意,有 (1)e (1)e f a '=⋅+=,[4分]解得0a =.[5分] (Ⅱ)由221()e (ln )x f x a x x x '=⋅+-+及e 0x >知,()f x '与221ln a x x x+-+同号. 令221()ln g x a x x x=+-+,[6分] 则 223322(1)1()x x x g x x x -+-+'==.[8分] 所以对任意(0,)x ∈+∞,有()0g x '>,故()g x 在(0,)+∞单调递增.[9分] 因为(0,ln 2)a ∈,所以(1)10g a =+>,11()ln 022g a =+<,故存在01(,1)2x ∈,使得0()0g x =.[11分]()f x 与()f x '在区间1(,1)上的情况如下:所以()f x 在区间0(,)2x 上单调递减,在区间0(,1)x 上单调递增. 所以()f x 存在极小值0()f x .[13分]19.(本小题满分14分)解:(Ⅰ)由题意,椭圆C 的标准方程为22142x y +=.[1分]所以24a =,22b =,从而2222c a b =-=.因此2a =,c =故椭圆C 的离心率c e a ==.[3分] 椭圆C 的左焦点F 的坐标为(.[4分] (Ⅱ)直线l 与圆F 相切.证明如下:[5分]设00(,)P x y ,其中022x -<<,则22024x y +=,[6分]依题意可设01(,)Q x y ,则22014x y +=.[7分]直线l 的方程为0101()x y y x x y -=--, 整理为 0140x x y y +-=.[9分] 所以圆F 的圆心F 到直线l的距离02|d ==+.[11分]因为22222200000011||(((4)422PF x y x x x =+=+-=++.[13分]所以22||PF d =, 即 ||PF d =,所以 直线l 与圆F 相切.[14分]20.(本小题满分13分)解:(Ⅰ)因为00S =,10.3S =-,20.4S =,30.3S =,4 1.2S =,5 1.3S =,[2分]所以5{2,4,5}E =.[3分](Ⅱ)由集合n E 的定义知1i i k k S S +>,且1i k +是使得i k k S S >成立的最小的k ,所以11i i k k S S +-≤. [5分]又因为 11i k a +<,所以1111i i i k k k S S a +++-=+[6分] 1.i k S <+所以11i i k k S S +-<.[8分] (Ⅲ)因为0n S S >,所以n E 非空.设集合12{,,,}n m E k k k =,不妨设12m k k k <<<,则由(Ⅱ)可知11(1,2,,1)i i k k S S i m +-<=-,同理101k S S -<,且m n k S S ≤. 所以12110()()()()m m m n n k k k k k k S S S S S S S S S -=-+-++-+-101111m m <+++++=个.因为n S C >,所以n E 的元素个数1m C +≥. [11分]取常数数列n A :1(1,2,,1)2i C a i C C +==++,并令1n C =+,则22(1)2122n C C C S C C C +++==>++,适合题意, 且{1,2,,1}n E C =+,其元素个数恰为1C +.综上,n E 的元素个数的最小值为1C +.[13分]。
北京市西城区2018年高三一模数学文参考答案

北京市西城区2018年高三一模试卷参考答案及评分标准数学(文科) 2018.49. 1 10. 45-2 12. 8π 13.31 14. 5,910 注:11题,14题第一问2分,第二问3分.三、解答题:本大题共6小题,共80分.若考生的解法与本解答不同,正确者可参照评分标准给分. 15.(本小题满分13分) 解:(Ⅰ)因为54cos =B ,所以53sin =B . ……………………2分 由正弦定理B b A a sin sin =,可得10sin 303a =. ……………………4分 所以35=a . ……………………6分(Ⅱ)因为ABC ∆的面积1sin 2S ac B =,53sin =B ,所以3310ac =,10=ac . ……………………8分由余弦定理B ac c a b cos 2222-+=, ……………………9分 得165842222-+=-+=c a ac c a ,即2022=+c a . ……………………10分 所以2()220a c ac +-=,2()40a c +=, ……………………12分 所以,102=+c a . …………13分 16.(本小题满分13分)(Ⅰ)证明:因为平面ABCD ⊥平面ADEF ,90ADE ∠=,所以DE ⊥平面ABCD ,………2分 所以AC DE ⊥.………3分 因为ABCD 是正方形,所以BD AC ⊥,所以AC ⊥平面BDE . …………………4分 (Ⅱ)证明:设ACBD O =,取BE 中点G ,连结OG FG ,,所以,OG //=12DE . ……5分因为DE AF //,AF DE 2=,所以AF //=OG ,……6分 从而四边形AFGO 是平行四边形,AO FG //. ……………………7分因为FG ⊂平面BEF ,AO ⊄平面BEF , ……………………8分 所以//AO 平面BEF ,即//AC 平面BEF . ……………………9分(Ⅲ)解:因为平面ABCD ⊥平面ADEF ,AB AD ⊥,所以AB ⊥平面ADEF . ………11分ACGFEDO因为DE AF //,90ADE ∠=,22===AF DA DE ,所以DEF ∆的面积为122ED AD ⨯⨯=, ……………………12分 所以四面体BDEF 的体积=⨯=∆AB S DEF 3143. ……………………13分17.(本小题满分13分)解:(Ⅰ)由已知可得211123a a q a q +=, ……………………2分因为{}n a 是等比数列,所以23210q q --=. ……………………3分 解得1q =或13q =-. ……………………5分 (Ⅱ)①当1q =时,1n b n =+,232n n nT +=, ……………………7分所以,当2n ≥时,2202n n n n T b +--=>. 即当1q =时,(2)n n T b n >≥. ……………………8分 ②当13q =-时,72(1)()33n nb n 1-=+--=, ……………………9分 2132(1)()236n n n n T n n 1-=+--=, ……………………10分(1)(14)6n n n n T b ---=-, ……………………12分所以,当14n >时,n n T b <;当14n =时,n n T b =;当214n ≤<时,n n T b >.…13分综上,当1q =时,(2)n n T b n >≥.当13q =-时,若14n >,n n T b <;若14n =,n n T b =;若214n ≤<,n n T b >.18.(本小题满分14分)解:(Ⅰ)()ln 1f x x '=+,0x >, ……………………2分由()0f x '=得1e x =, ……………………3分 所以,()f x 在区间1(0,)e 上单调递减,在区间1(,)e+∞上单调递增. ………………4分所以,1ex =是函数()f x 的极小值点,极大值点不存在. …………………5分(Ⅱ)设切点坐标为00(,)x y ,则000ln y x x =, …………………6分切线的斜率为0ln 1x +, 所以,0001ln 1y x x ++=, …………………7分 解得01x =,00y =, …………………8分所以直线l 的方程为10x y --=. …………………9分 (Ⅲ)()g x =ln (1)x x a x --,则()ln 1g x x a '=+-, …………………10分 解()0g x '=,得1ea x -=,所以,在区间1(0,e )a -上,()g x 为递减函数,在区间1(e ,)a -+∞上,()g x 为递增函数. …………………11分 当1e1a -≤,即1a ≤时,在区间[1,e]上,()g x 为递增函数,所以()g x 最小值为(1)0g =. …………………12分当11<e <e a -,即12a <<时,()g x 的最小值为11(e )e a a g a --=-. ……………13分当1ee a -≥,即2a ≥时,在区间[1,e]上,()g x 为递减函数,所以()g x 最小值为(e)e e g a a =+-. ………………14分综上,当1a ≤时,()g x 最小值为0;当12a <<时,()g x 的最小值1e a a --;当2a ≥时,()g x 的最小值为e e a a +-.19.(本小题满分14分)解:(Ⅰ)由已知,4x =不合题意.设直线l 的方程为(4)y k x =-,由已知,抛物线C 的焦点坐标为(1,0), …………………1分 因为点F 到直线l= …………………3分解得k =,所以直线l的斜率为…………………5分 (Ⅱ)设线段AB 中点的坐标为00(,)N x y ,),(),,(2211y x B y x A ,因为AB 不垂直于x 轴, 则直线MN 的斜率为004y x -,直线AB 的斜率为04x y -, …………………7分 直线AB 的方程为00004()x y y x x y --=-, …………………8分 联立方程000024(),4,x y y x x y y x -⎧-=-⎪⎨⎪=⎩消去x 得2200000(1)(4)04x y y y y x x --++-=, …………………10分 所以012044y y y x +=-, …………………11分因为N 为AB 中点,所以1202y y y +=,即00024y y x =-, …………………13分 所以02x =.即线段AB 中点的横坐标为定值2. …………………14分 20. (本小题满分13分)解:(Ⅰ)3=n 时,排列321,,a a a 的所有可能为1,2,3;1,3,2;2,1,3;2,3,1;3,1,2;3,2,1.………………2分2)3,2,1(=τ;3)2,3,1(=τ;3)3,1,2(=τ;3)1,3,2(=τ;3)2,1,3(=τ;2)1,2,3(=τ. ………………4分(Ⅱ)1210(,,,)a a a τ=1223910||||||a a a a a a -+-++-上式转化为1223910a a a a a a ±±±±±±±,在上述18个±中,有9个选正号,9个选负号,其中110,a a 出现一次,239,,,a a a 各出现两次.………………6分 所以1210(,,,)a a a τ可以表示为9个数的和减去9个数的和的形式, 若使1210(,,,)a a a τ最大,应使第一个和最大,第二个和最小. 所以1210(,,,)a a a τ最大为:(10109988776)(112233445)49++++++++-++++++++=. ……………8分所对应的一个排列为:5,7,1,8,2,9,3,10,4,6.(其他正确的排列同等给分) ………9分 (Ⅲ)不可以.例如排列10,9,8,7,1,2,3,4,5,6,除调整1,2外,其它调整都将使波动强度增加,调整1,2波动强度不变. ……………11分所以只能将排列10,9,8,7,1,2,3,4,5,6调整为排列10,9,8,7,2,1,3,4,5,6.对于排列10,9,8,7,2,1,3,4,5,6,仍然是除调整2,1外,其它调整都将使波动强度增加,所以仍只能调整1,2两个数字.如此不断循环下去,不可能经过有限次调整使其波动强度降为9. ……………13分。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
2018北京西城高三(一模)
历 史
12.图6为2018年入选《国家宝藏》的两件青铜器——商代皿天全方罍和西周大克鼎,它们分别是皿氏一族为祭祀父辈先人、大贵族克为祭祀祖父而铸造。
以上文物信息反映出
A.中国先民敬重宗室血脉之情
B.商周时期“家国一体”的特色
C. 先秦时期礼乐等级制度盛行
D. 分封制下周王与诸侯的关系
13.文学折射时代。
下列相关说法正确的是
A.《诗经》收录了宗庙祭祀的歌词,是浪漫主义的代表作
B.《离骚》抒发了作者忧国忧民之情,具有现实主义风格
C.汉赋和唐诗是国家统一、经济繁荣在思想文化上的体现
D.宋词、元曲和明清小说均为满足市民阶层文化生活而作
14.图7为唐宋时期政府钱币与实物收入数量统计图。
据此推断,这一时期经济发展的主要趋向是
A .官营手工业渐衰落
B .经济重心逐步南移
C .商品经济较快发展
D .自然经济趋于解体
C.后人因掌握丰富资料评价较为全面
D.外国人因文化背景不同评价更为客观
16.明末清初,以黄宗羲、顾炎武、王夫之为代表的实学兴起,追求匡时济世、通经致用。
晚清实学以曾国藩为代表,主张在固守圣人之道的前提下,学习西方技术,建立近代工业。
这反映了实学
A.强调人与人的关系和等级,是社会变革的产物
B.迎合统治者用思想统一来巩固政治统一的需求
C. 融合佛、道思想解释儒家义理,形成了新儒学
D.摈弃“空谈”,强调“经世致用”,并与时俱进
17.图8漫画题目是“在中国商店里的日本人”。
图中日本人已将“赔款二亿两”收入囊中,正在抢夺清朝官员手里“贸易的钥匙”。
下列条款体现此意图的是
A.
开放沙市、重庆、杭州、苏州为通埠
B.
允许日本在中国通商口岸投资设厂
C.割让台湾及其附属岛屿、澎湖列岛
D.日本产品运销中国内地免收内地税 18.国际风云变幻万千,中华人民共和国依靠一根“定海神针”,成功地处理了和社会主义国家、民族独立国家、西方发达国家等的关系。
被喻为“神针”的是 A .“一边倒”政策
B .和平共处五项原则
C . 不结盟政策
D .“一国两制”构想
19.历史上许多学者对于“人是什么”“人的本质是什么”等哲学问题提出了自己的回答。
下列主张按出现时间先后排序正确的是
①“人是万物的尺度” ②“有思想力的人是万物的尺度”
③“人是自由的动物” ④“人是一件多么了不起的杰作”
A.①②④③
B.①③②④
C.③①②④
D.③④②①
20.西罗马帝国灭亡后,12世纪时罗马法出现于意大利和欧洲中部一些自治市的法典中,以解决自身的法律缺陷,罗马法的程序规则被整理并引入法庭中。
这些现象出现源于罗马法
图8
A.是成文法,有利于按律判决和量刑 B. 发展过程始终伴随罗马国家的兴衰
C.保护私有财产和奴隶主的既得利益 D.体系完备、程序严谨有一定普适性
对其解读准确的是
①欧洲同世界各地有直接的商业联系
②欧洲完成工业革命主要出口工业品
③通过丝银贸易,大量白银流入中国
④玉米等作物通过不同路径传入亚洲
A.①②③
B.①②④
C.①③④
D.②③④
22.马克思和恩格斯针对不同时期的特点和不同国情,为《共产党宣言》在各国的出版撰写了七篇序言,强调这些原理的实际运用要以当时的历史条件为转移。
以下史实符合此理念的是
①甘地倡导“非暴力不合作”反抗英国殖民统治
②列宁实施新经济政策取代“战时共产主义政策”
③孙中山将“三民主义”发展为“新三民主义”
④毛泽东探索出“农村包围城市”的革命道路
A.①②
B.②③
C.②④
D.③④
(单位%)。
它反映的史实可能是
C.德国——采用第二次工业革命成果
D.美国——罗斯福新政取得成效
37.(36分)国家治理•民族觉醒•国际合作
材料一甘肃省放马滩出土了七幅战国时期的秦国地图,反映出统一的图例和基本的比例。
其中,邽县行政区图是已知最早的行政图。
湖南省马王堆汉墓出土的《长沙国南部地形图》,描绘了长沙国南部的地理和政区状况。
图中山脉坐落、山体轮廓和走向均用闭合曲线中填绘细平行线表示,是最早的科学的地貌表示方法。
1708—1718年,由康熙帝主持、来华传教士与清朝官员协作,采用西方三角测量法对清朝全境进行了大规模的经纬度测量,其范围南到海南岛,东北达黑龙江及朝鲜,东南到台湾,西至西藏和新疆,在此基础上绘制出完整的国家疆域政区地图——《皇舆全览图》。
(1)①依据材料一并结合所学知识,概述从战国至西汉地方行政制度的演变。
(6分)
②分析康熙时期能够绘制出完整的国家疆域政区地图的条件。
(6分)
材料二近代学者梁漱溟认为,受西方影响,19世纪90年代至20世纪30年代的中国民族自救运动分为两个阶段,其区分在第一次世界大战。
此前目的在于建立一个“近代国家”;此后掉转头来打倒“帝国主义”。
此外,中国的民族自救运动呈现明显被动的特点。
——摘编自罗志田《西方的分裂: 国际风云与五四前后中国思想的演变》
(2)你如何看待梁漱溟关于中国民族自救运动的观点?运用中外历史发展进程中的重要史实加以论述。
(12分)要求:观点明确,史实充分,史论结合,逻辑清晰。
材料三20世纪中后期世界经济发展大事示意图
图14
注:石油输出国组织包括沙特阿拉伯、尼日利亚、委内瑞拉等成员国,可可生产者联盟包括加纳、尼日利亚、巴西等主要可可生产国,这些组织的宗旨均是协调和统一成员国的相关政策,维护各自和共同的利益。
(3)①依据材料三并结合所学知识,简要评述二战后世界经济发展的趋势。
(8分)
②概述发展中国家顺应此趋势的举措。
(4分)
40.历史问题现实思考,现实问题历史借鉴。
6分)41.文明因交流而多彩,文明因互鉴而丰富。
中世纪时,欧洲书籍以手抄为主,文化教育长期被教会所垄断。
中国的活字印刷术经伊朗传至欧洲,15世纪中期,德国的谷腾堡受此影响制造出印刷机。
读书行为从上层社会扩展到下层百姓。
路德的德语《新约》,两年中印行了14版。
启蒙运动是以一系列资产阶级著作的传播为标志的,如法国伏尔泰的《牛顿哲学原理》、孟德斯鸠的《论法的精神》、卢梭的《民约论》等。
(2)依据材料,简述印刷术的传播对欧洲出版业及文化传播的影响。
(8分)
历史试题答案
12.A 13.C 14.C 15.A 16.D 17.B 18.B 19.A 20.D 21.C 22.C 23.B
37.(36分)
(1)①演变:战国时期,分封制逐渐瓦解,一些诸侯国在新兼并地区设郡、县;(2分)秦统一后,将郡县制推广到
全国,建构起完善的政区体系;(2分)西汉实行郡国并行制度。
(2分)
②条件:政治方面,平定“三藩之乱”、收复台湾、平定噶尔丹之乱、抗击沙俄国入侵;(4分)
技术方面,在中国古代先进制图技术的基础上,吸收近代西方技术。
(2分)
(2)评分标准:论点明确、合理2分,论据充分,论述合理8分,论证逻辑2分
能够明确表述以一战为界,分为两个阶段,两个阶段结合具体史实进行论述,分析前后两阶段所受影响因素和各自的特色(斗争目标和手段);中国民族自救运动是否是被动地受西方影响;论据充分。
;
(3)①趋势:集团化出现并发展;经济全球化趋势加快。
(4分)
评价:世界经济向体系化、制度化、规范化方向发展,推动世界经济发展,优化资源配置;对发展中国家和
世界环境带来巨大挑战。
(4分)
②举措:发展中国家进行改革,适应市场经济的要求和全球化的趋势;加强团结合作,组成或加入相关经济集团;努力建立国际经济新秩序。
(答出2点给4分)
40.(1)事件:洋务运动;清末新政。
(2分)
特点:采用工业革命的成果;开矿—冶铁—运输一体;煤钢联营;维护经济主权;包括官办和“官督商办”。
(6分)
41.(2)出版业:发明机械印刷;书籍得以大量印刷。
(4分)
文化传播:读者范围扩大;打破教会对文化的垄断,普及文化;传播先进思想。
(4分)。