The culture differences between the East and West

合集下载

中西文化差异英文版

With China entry the WTO and will hold the Olympic Games in 2008, the relationship between China and Western in politics, economy, culture will become more and more close. It is undoubtedly that the etiquette will play an important role in this process. To the definition of etiquette, China and Western have a different understanding. As Chinese thinks that the etiquette is the common behavior standards that all the members must obey, and its purpose is to keep the normal living order of the society. In ancient China, a famous philosopher thinks that etiquette is a principal to deal with the relationship between man and supernatural beings, man and ghosts, man and men. There are also many words about etiquette in English. For example, courtesy which means courteous behavior, good manners; protocol which means system of rules governing formal occasion, e .g, meetings, between governments, diplomats, etc. And these words are all from the same French word etiquette. Of course, more spread and more profound cultural comment of the western etiquette is from the Classical Period, i.e., old Athens and Roma culture. Today, etiquette become the reflection and manifestation of one country’s politics, economy, culture in people’s social contact. And it include the princip al and moral that people should obey in daily life. Etiquette formed in the process of the deposition of culture and social contact. So every nation have their own etiquette standard which created with the spirit of this their nation. Because of this formed the cultural difference between different nations. As languages is the carrier of the human culture. This difference must reflect in the language of different nations. So in the following, we will take china, British and America as the representation of Western, to look at some cultural difference in etiquette, and then analyze the reasons. Furthermore, we will discuss how to learn western culture.一.Cultural differences on politeness between western and Chinese can be found in many aspects of daily communication, including addressing, greeting and parting, compliments, apologies, thanks, etc. In the following, we will look at some cultural different between China and western.1. Greeting and PartingWhen people meet acquaintances or friends, people usually greet each other. The purpose of greeting is to establish or maintain social contact. So formulaic expressions are often used, but such formulaic expressions often causes conflict because of the great cultural differences between Chinese and native Englishspeakers. In English, people often employ the following expressions to greet each other “Good morning/evening/afternoon. “Fine day, isn’t it? ”Ho w is everything going?” Have you eaten yet?” What are you going to do?” Where have you been?”etc. Westerners treat them as real question. While in Chinese, we always say “你吃了吗？”“你上哪里去？”“你干什么去？”to show our consideration. Parting may be divided into two steps. Before the final prating, there is usual a leave-taking. Western and Chinese cultures have diverse ways to deal with leave-takings. Firstly, in English society, during the closing phase of an encounter, from ”I” perspective, reasons for terminating the encounter are presented in mitigatory comments. Typical comments are associated with expressions of apology, such as “I” am afraid I must be off, I have to relieve the baby-sitter” etc. Western people believe that to be willing to visit and converse with someone is to have respect for him.; to terminate the visiting is not of one’s own free will, but because of some other arrangements, therefore they always try to make their leaving sound reluctant by finding some reasons and apologize for it to make the leaving acceptable for both parties. English speakers often signal several times before leaving. “Well, it’s been nice to see you again. I do enjoy our talk and the lovely dinner, but I must begoing soon”. Thank you very much for asking me over. I hope we’l l be able to get together again before long…” Consolidation in a wider range of common acquaintances also occurs, in expressions such as “Say hello to Jack for me” or “Remember me to John”. In Chinese society, during the closing phase of and encounter, usually, from a “you ”perspective, reasons for ending the encounter are set forth in mitigatory expressions. Such expressions include“你挺忙的，我就不多打扰了。

专业英语八级(听力)模拟试卷368(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷368(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. LISTENING COMPREHENSIONPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.听力原文：Cultural Differences between East and West Good morning, everyone. Today I’d like to share with you one interesting topic, that is: cultural differences between East and West. But before we start, we have to look at an important question: What leads to the cultural differences? The cultures of the East and the West really distinguish each other a lot. This is because the culture systems are two separate systems on the whole. The origin of the Eastern cultures is mainly from two countries: China and India. Both of the two cultures are gestated by rivers. In China, the mother river is the Yellow River while the Indian one is the Hindu River. These two cultures were developed for several thousand years and formed their own styles. Then in the Tang Dynasty of China, the Chinese culture gradually went overseas to Japan, mixed into the Japanese society and shaped the Japanese culture nowadays. Though a bit different from the Chinese one, it belongs to the same system. When the two mother rivers gave birth to the Eastern culture, another famous culture was brought up on the Mesopotamian Plain—the Mesopotamian Civilization. This civilization later on developed into the cultures of the Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. And these two are well-known as the base of European culture. Like the Chinese culture, the European one also crossed waters. When the colonists of England settled down in America, their culture went with them over the Atlantic Ocean. So the American culture doesn’t distinguish from the European one a lot. At the same time, the difference of the language systems adds to the cultural differences. In the East, most languages belong to the pictographic language while the Western languages are mostly based on the Latin system, for example, the one I’m using to write this paper. Other factors like human race difference count as well. But what’s more, due to the far distance and the steep areas between the East and the West, the two cultures seldom communicate until recent centuries. So they grew up totally in their own ways with almost no interference from the other. Now, I’d like to discuss with you another question, that is: how differently do people behave in daily life? The differences are everywhere. They affect people’s ways of thinking and their views of the world. Even in everyday life, the cultural differences show up from the moment the eyes are opened to the minute the dreams are invited. In the following, I’ll give sometypical examples of the differences. First example: greeting. Greeting is the first step to form a culture, because people begin to communicate with others. The individuals become a community. How do we Chinese greet each other? Informally, if we meet a friend in the street, we are used to saying: “Hi, have you had your meal?” or “Where are you going?”When it is the case of two gentlemen, they tend to shake hands. However, in western countries, the above questions are just questions, not greetings at all. They may think you’re inviting them to dinner if you ask about their meals. Usually, they’ll just give each other a smile or greet with a “Hi.” They’ll shake hands only in some formal situations. By the way, Westerners can leave a party or meeting hall without a formal conge, nor should they shake hands with every attendee like most of us will do here. Second example: expressing gratitude. Think of the situations below. Your mother is busy in the kitchen. She suddenly asks you to fetch a bowl for her. You do so. What’ll your mother’s response be? Probably she’ll just continue doing the cooking. After a while, the dinner is ready. Your mother hands you your bowl of rice. What’s your response? Probably just begin to eat. That’s what I want to say. In Chinese families, we rarely say “Thank you” to other family members for receiving help or service. Neither will we say so between good friends. It’s such an unpopular response that if you say it, the counterpart will think you are treating him as a stranger, otherwise you are lacking intimacy. But in the West, “thank you” is one of the most frequently used sentences. Teachers will thank a student for answering the question: husbands will thank his wife for making a coffee. However, as an interesting phenomenon, it’s a custom to say “thank you” in Japan. No matter in family or among friends, Japanese chronically use it all day. This is probably the aberrance of the culture. After the above discussions, now there is another question, that is: what can we do to treat the culture gap? Now we have seen that there exists such a huge gap between eastern culture and western one. Then what should we do to face this gap in the gradually globalizing world? Firstly, we cannot deny any of the cultures. Every nation has its own characteristics and it’s mainly through its culture that we first begin to know the nation and its characteristics. So we cannot say that this culture or custom is right and that is wrong. Equal respect should be attached to every culture in the world, even to those that are not in existence any more. Next, we should get to learn how to coordinate the different cultures. We say the world is becoming smaller and smaller. More foreigners come and go everyday. When it is in the same country, the same city, the same neighborhood, the cultural collision is expected to be more serious. So we should try to avoid this happening. One important thing is to get some basic knowledge about the other cultures so as not to misunderstand some actions or habits of the foreigners. When the above two are done, we can start to communicate. I mean we can take in some strong points from the foreign cultures. Though there doesn’t exist correctness in terms of culture, it does have the terms of more advanced or more suitable for the world nowadays. Of course, we cannot throw away our own culture and accept another one totally. Every culture is a treasure to the history of the Earth, so we should only pick out those we lack to perfect our own. To conclude what we have discussed today: first we have provided you with the underlying reasons of cultural differences, after that, we havepresented you with several specific examples to further prove this. Finally we have explained the differences from several perspectives. Last but not least, we should remember that different cultures add the most colorful element to the world of the 21st century. The cultural gap should not be the obstacle to the civilization of human beings. It ought to be the motivation of going farther.Cultural Differences between East and West I. Factors leading to the cultural differencesA. Different culture 【T1】______ 【T1】______—Eastern culture:a)China: Yellow Riverb)India: 【T2】______ 【T2】______—European culture:a)Base: Ancient Greece and Ancient Romeb)European culture crossed over the 【T3】______ 【T3】______B. Different language systems—Eastern: mostly belonging to pictographic language—Western: mostly based on 【T4】______ 【T4】______C. Other factors:—different 【T5】______ 【T5】______—infrequent 【T6】______between the East and West 【T6】______a)far distance and the steep areab)no 【T7】______ from each other 【T7】______II. Different behavior in people’s daily lifeA. 【T8】______ 【T8】______—the Chinese greeting:a)questions about whether you have your meal or notb)questions about where you are goingc)two gentlemen greet with 【T9】______ 【T9】______—the Western greeting:a)with a smile or with a “Hi”b)shaking hands only in formal situationsB. Expressing gratitude—the Eastern way:a)rarely say “Thank you”, otherwise, you’re 【T10】______ 【T10】______b)an exception: 【T11】______ 【T11】______—the Western way:a)thank you is the most 【T12】______ phrases 【T12】______III. How to handle culture gapA. No 【T13】______ any of the cultures 【T13】______—every nation has its own 【T14】______ 【T14】______—we should pay equal respect for each cultureB. Learning how to coordinate different cultures by avoiding 【T15】______ 【T15】______C. Starting to communicate by taking in strong points from the foreign cultures1．【T1】正确答案：origins／／sources解析：录音开篇就指出讲座的主题是东西方文化差异。

中西方饮食文化差异(英文) PPT课件

新编跨文化交际英语教程_参考答案Unit

Unit 3Cultural DiversityReading IDifferent Lands, Different FriendshipsComprehension questions1. Why is it comparatively easy to make friends in the United States? Because few Americans stay put for a lifetime. With each move, forming new friendship becomes a necessity and part of their new life.2. Do people from different countries usually have different expectationsabout what constitutes friendship and how it comes into being?Yes. The difficulty when strangers from two countries meet is their different expectations about what constitutes friendship and how it comes into being.3. How is friendship in America different from friendship in West Europe? In West Europe, friendship is quite sharply distinguished from other, more casual relationships, is usually more particularized and carries a heavier burden of commitment, while in America the word “friend” can be applied to a wide range of relationship and a friendship may be superficial, casual, situational or deep and enduring.4. In what cou ntry does friendship have much to do with one’s family? And in what country does it not?In Germany, friendship has much to do with one‘s family as friends are usually brought into the family, while in France it doesn’t as, for instance, two men may have been friends for a long time without knowing each other‘s personal life.5. What is friendship like when it is compartmentalized?For instance, a man may play chess with a friend for thirty years without knowing his political opinions, or he may talk politics with him for as long a time without knowing about his personal life. Different friends fill different niches in each person’s life.6. What are friendships usually based on in England?English friendships are based on shared activity. Activities at different stages of life may be of very different kinds. In the midst of the activity, whatever it may be, people fall into steps and find that they participate in the activity with the same easy anticipation of what each will do day by day or in some critical situation.7. Do you think friendship shares some common elements in different cultures? If you do, what are they?Yes. There is the recognition that friendship, in contrast with kinship, invokes freedom of choice. A friend is someone who chooses and is chosen. Related to this is the sense each friend gives the other of being a special individual, on whatever grounds this recognition is based. And between friends there is inevitably a kind of equality of give-and-take.8. What do you think is the typical Chinese concept of friendship? Is it similar to or different from any of the Western friendships?It seems that the typical Chinese concept of friendship lays great emphasis on personal loyalty and also has much to do with family. It may be similar to Germany friendship to some extent and quite different from other Western friendships.Reading IIComparing and Contrasting CulturesComprehension questions1. How is the mainstream American culture different from the Japanese culture?Americans believe that human nature is basically good and man is the master of nature. They are future-oriented and “being”-oriented. Their social orientation is toward the importance of the individual and the equality of all people. However, the Japanese believe that human nature is a mixture of good and evil. Man is in harmony with nature. They are both past-oriented and future-oriented. And they are both “growing-”and “doing-”oriented. They give emphasis to authorities and the group.2. Can you find examples to support the author’s view of traditional cultures in different value orientations?For example, the traditional Indian culture believes that man is subjugated by nature and it is being-oriented (which can be exemplified by its caste system). Also, traditional Chinese culture is past-oriented, for emphasis has long been given to learning from the old and past.3. Why do Americans tend to equate “change” with “improvement” and regard rapid change as normal?Concerning orientation toward time, Americans are dominated by a belief in progress. They are future-oriented. They believe that “time is money”and have an optimistic faith in the future and what the future will bring. So they tend to equate “change” with “improvement” and consider a rapid rate of change as normal.4. What does “Electric Englishman” mean when it is used to describe the American?As for activity, Americans are so action-oriented that they tend to behyperactive. That’s why that they have been described as “Electric Englishmen”, who always keep themselves busy.5. How would you explain the fact that contradictory values may exist in the same culture?As time changes faster and faster and there is more contact between cultures, it is more likely to find contradictory values existing in the same culture. This is especially the case in a society that is being transformed from a traditional one into a modern one. For example, in the Japanese culture, some people may still be very past-oriented and some are rather future-oriented, and even the same people may be sometimes past-oriented in certain situations and sometime future-oriented in other situations.6. What can we get from models of this kind about cultural differences? Models of this kind are quite useful in giving rough pictures of striking contrasts and differences of different cultures. However, such a model only compares cultures on some basic orientations. It does not tell us everything about every conceivable culture. We have to recognize that models of this kind are over-simplifications and can only give approximations of reality.7. Do cultural values change as time changes?Yes, the values may be in the process of marked change due to rapid modernization and globalization. However, they have a way of persisting in spite of change. The evolution of values is a slow process, since they are rooted in survival needs and passed on from generation to generation.8. How is communication influenced by differing cultural values?Putting people from one culture into another culture with radically different value orientations could cause stress, disorientation, and breakdowns in communication.Case StudyCase 9Hierarchy is significant in the Japanese culture. This structure is reflected everywhere in Japanese life, at home, school, community, organizations, and traditional institutions such as martial arts or flower arrangements.In this case, the young chairman must have had his own ideas about how to manage the company; however, when encountered with his grandfather’s d issenting opinions, he dared not to take a stand against him. This may manifest the rigid hierarchicalstructure in the Japanese society. In the Japanese society, how hierarchy is formed depends mainly on seniority, social roles, and gender. As a respectable senior member of the family and the former leader of the company, the grandfather obviously overpowered the inexperienced young chairman. In other words, the grandfather seemed to be an absolute authority for the young chairman. In Japanese culture, challenging or disagreeing with elders’ opinions would be deemed as being disrespectful and is often condemned. People in lower positions are expected to be loyal and obedient to authority. That‘s why the young chairman didn’t say anything but just nodded and agreed with his grandfather.But Phil seemed to know little about the Japanese culture in this aspect. In many Western cultures, particularly American culture, seniority seldom matters very much in such situations, and young people are usually encouraged to challenge authority and voice their own opinions. Unfortunately, his outspoken protest could easily offend the grandfather and he might be regarded as a rude and ill-bred person by other Japanese.Case 10In Japan, a company is often very much like a big family, in which the manger(s) will take good care of the employees and the employees are expected to devote themselves to the development of the company and, if it is necessary, to sacrifice their own individual interests for the interests of the company, from which, in the long run, the employees will benefit greatly. But for the French, a company is just a loosely- knit social organization wherein individuals are supposed to take care of themselves and their families. Moreover, the way the French make decisions in the family might also be different from the typical Japanese one, which may not often involve females and the power to decide usually lies with the dominating male. As there are such cultural differences between the Japanese and the Frenc h, Mr. Legrand’s decision made Mr. Tanaka feel dumbfounded.Case 11Incidents such as these can point to possible cultural differences in so-called “polite” behavior, and at the same time highlight the tendency for people to react emotionally to unexpected behavior.People in most cultures would probably agree that an apology is needed when an offence or violation of social norms has taken place. However, there may be differing opinions as to when we should apologize (what situations call for an apology) and how we should apologize. To many Westerners, Japanese apologize more frequently and an apology in Japanese does not necessarily mean that the person is acknowledging a fault. To many Japanese, Westerners may seem to be rude just because they do not apologize as often as the Japanese would do. In this case, for instance, the attitude of the Australian student’s parents is shocking to the Japanese but will be acceptable in an English-speaking society, for the student is already an adult and can be responsible for her own deeds.Case 12In this case, it seems that the Chinese expectations were not fulfilled. First, having two people sharing host responsibilities could be somewhat confusing to the hierarchically minded Chinese. Second, because age is often viewed as an indication of seniority, the Chinese might have considered the youth of their Canadian hosts as slight to their own status. Third, in China, it is traditional for the host to offer a welcome toast at the beginning of the meal, which is the reciprocated by the guests; by not doing so, the Canadian might be thought rude. The abrupt departure of the Chinese following the banquet was probably an indication that they were not pleased with the way they were treated. The Canadians’ lack of understanding of the Chinese culture and the Chinese ways of communication clearly cost them in their business dealings with the visiting delegation.。

Differences between the Chinese and American cultures 中美文化比较

摘要：中美文化有其共通之处，但也有很多的差异。

中国有着悠久的历史，经过长时间的文化积淀逐渐形成具有中国特色的传统文化。

美国虽然历史不长，但是美国文化已经成为世界的主流文化之一。

今天我们将从教育、宗教、饮食等方面来对比中美文化之间的异同，提高我们跨文化交际的能力。

关键字：中国，美国，文化异同，教育，宗教，饮食AbstractThere are some similarities between Chinese and American culture，but also kinds of differences。

China is a country that has a long history，in the long period cultural accumulation，the traditional culture with Chinese characteristics came into being。

Although the United S tates don’t have such a long history，American culture has become one of the mainstream culture in the world。

Today we’ll Compare the similarities and differences between Chinese and American cultures from three aspects:religion，education and food。

In this way，we can improve our ability of cross-culture communication。

Key words：China,America,similarities,differences,education,religion,food Differences between the Chinese and American culturesAs we know ,there are many differences between Chinese and American cultures. If we desire to learn about U.S or communicate with Americans in proper way ,it is necessary for us to know about cross-cultural communication. Cross-cultural communication (also referred to as intercultural communication) is a field of study that focus on how people from different cultural backgrounds communicate, in similar and different ways among themselves, and how they endeavor to communicate across cultures. Only if we are familiar with the similarities and differences can we avoid cultural conflicts and get along well with foreign friends. When you are conc erned about what you can do and what you can’t, your foreign friends will show respect for your national culture and there is no doubt that you can enhance the level of cross-culture communication .In the essay,I’ll talk about similarities and differences in three aspects between Chinese and American culture :religion ,food and festival.1.religionAmerica is remarkable now, as in the past,for its attachment to the principle of freedom of belief or disbelief . –The First Amendment to the Constitution of the United States indicates that "Congress shall make no law establishing religion, orprohibit the free exercise thereof."So you can choose your indivisual relision.According to the research, The largest religion in the US is Christianity, practiced by the majority of the population (76% in 2008)；Speaking in general terms, the contemporary American is a Christian country. A research indicates that most Americans believe the existence of Santa Clous, Christ Jesus and angel even after they have received edu cation and become adults. It’s easy to see the ingrained status of Christianity in the United States of America. Christianity has the idea that people have original sin, because human ancestors, Adam and eva had sinned, corrupt moral invaded their body, and transmitted to their descendants, the result is that all mankind have sin. Obviously, Christianity preached that man and God, the separation of man and nature. China is a multi-religious country, and Buddhism, Taoism, Islam, Catholicism and Christian are the main religions in the country. Incomplete statistics show that there are more than 100 million religious followers in China with over 85 000 religious sites, over 3000 religious groups and some 74 religious colleges. Chinese people also enjoy the freedom of religious belief according to law, and regular religious activities are protected by the Constitution. All religious believers and non-religious people in the country respect for each other in beliefs and customs and live together in harmonies. While Chinese religion would emphasize that the harmony between man and nature, issues of life within a confined themselves, to solve problems with people- oriented. It’s quite different from the Christianity.2.foodGenerally speaking, we Chinese think food is very important to man. People often associate food with important holidays and the chance to meet distinguished guests. The Chinese food not only is very delicious and tasty but also very pleasing to your senses and many of dishes have very beautiful and fancy names. The Chinese have the food culture of our own which are quite different from westerners. In the west, people pay more attention to the nutrition of food rather than the looks of it. The cuisine and table manners are quite different from ours in a great extent.It is a very common practice we Chinese people say "Have you had your meal?" when they meeteach other around the time before or after meals. In fact, it is a kind of greeting to communicate with each other. But foreigners cannot understand that because they think why you ask me this. They tend to think you want to invite me to dinner or I am not rich enough to feed myself regularly but that is my business not yours. Chinese think food is very important and essential to people so it shows some care and concern about you. Very often it puzzles foreigners a lot that we ask and talk so much when we order our food in the restaurant. One reason is we ask what the food or the dish is and try to clarify it because you sometimes never know what the food is just according the name of the food until it is put on your table in the restaurant just. While most of western food has a simple and clear name and you know what it is when you hear the name. For instance, there is a traditional food call "fish and chips" in the UK. You see it is very obvious it is fried fish and potato chips. The reason for this in China is on the one hand to try to tell you the way it cooks such as cook, fry, grill and broil in the name and on the other it has beautiful good names so that you have a good imagination and association to let you have a good appetite.Generally speaking, we don't use much tableware when we have our meal in China. Mainly we have bowl, dishes, chopsticks and spoons, which we don't use very often. In serving English meals, they use so much tableware with different kinds and sizes. The Chinese do not know how to use them properly when they are invited to dinner in English family. For example there are different kinds of names for glasses in English, such as wine glass, cherry glass, brandy glass, beer glass, snifter glass, champion flute and high bowl. You can see tableware also show the food culture of different countries.cationUs’s higher education was considered as the best education in the world. Comparing the elementary education between American and China, people's universal view will be: China's elementary education aims to build the foundation of education with more study and less thought; while US's education aims to bulid such an education to raise the creativity with less study and more thought. the Chinesestudents study more, actually pay little attention to the practice, and cannot study for the purpose of 's education pays more attention to raise student's self-confidence,independence,spirit of supporting oneself, but China's education emphases on training the students to be strict,rigorous spiritual. When American school inspects the result of student, they emphasize more on the ability to analyze and solve the question but not the ability of memory or description. The American students donot need the mechanical memorizing, but display creative thought as far as possible; This can cultivate student's study interest, raise the ability of doing it byself and make the study be one kind of creative action.Conclusion:Chinese culure is broad and profound,but American culture also has its unique and style.After learning this class,I have a general impression on American culture,there are quite differences between Chinese and American culture.I think that it’s beneficial to be familiar to this differences for our cross-cultual communication.References[1]Luther S.Luedtke<The Society and Culture of the United States>America:United States information Agency,2003[2]托马斯﹒里克纳《美式家庭——品质教育家长对策》海南：海南出版社，2001年(2)[3]章创生《美国爸爸中国爸爸——向美国家长学教子》重庆：重庆出版社，2011(6)[4]董小川《美国文化概论》.北京：人民出版社，2006[5]铁梅《道教——中国道家文化百科999问》青海：青海人民出版社，2012(1)[6]赵林《西方宗教文化》武昌：武汉大学出版社，2011年(6)[7]学晏《佛家与管理》北京：社会科学文献出版社，2012年(6)[8]徐怀启《古代基督教史》上海：上海人民出版社，2012（6）[9]（美）米拉德﹒丁.艾利克森《基督教神学导论》上海：人民出版社，2012（6）[10]李维冰《中国饮食文化概论》北京：中国商业出版社，2006（6）[11]美国饮食文化，/view/2143412.htm。

【交际】新编跨文化交际英语教程参考答案Unit3

【关键字】交际Unit 3Cultural DiversityReading IDifferent Lands, Different FriendshipsComprehension questions1. Why is it comparatively easy to make friends in the United States?Because few Americans stay put for a lifetime. With each move, forming new friendship becomes a necessity and part of their new life.2. Do people from different countries usually have different expectations about whatconstitutes friendship and how it comes into being?Yes. The difficulty when strangers from two countries meet is their different expectations about what constitutes friendship and how it comes into being.3. How is friendship in America different from friendship in West Europe?In West Europe, friendship is quite sharply distinguished from other, more casual relationships, is usually more particularized and carries a heavier burden of commitment, while in America the word “friend” can be applied to a wide range of relationship and a friendship may be superficial, casual, situational or deep and enduring.4. In what country does friendship have much to do with one’s family? And in what country does it not?In Germany, friendship has much to do with one‘s family as friends are usually brought into the family, while in France it doesn’t as, for instance, two men may have been friends for a long time without knowing each other‘s personal life.5. What is friendship like when it is compartmentalized?For instance, a man may play chess with a friend for thirty years without knowing his political opinions, or he may talk politics with him for as long a time without knowing about his personal life. Different friends fill different niches in each person’s life.6. What are friendships usually based on in England?English friendships are based on shared activity. Activities at different stages of life may be of very different kinds. In the midst of the activity, whatever it may be, people fall into steps and find that they participate in the activity with the same easy anticipation of what each will do day by day or in some critical situation.7. Do you think friendship shares some common elements in different cultures? If you do, what are they?Yes. There is the recognition that friendship, in contrast with kinship, invokes freedom of choice. A friend is someone who chooses and is chosen. Related to this is the sense each friend gives the other of being a special individual, on whatever grounds this recognition is based. And between friends there is inevitably a kind of equality of give-and-take.8. What do you think is the typical Chinese concept of friendship? Is it similar to or different from any of the Western friendships?It seems that the typical Chinese concept of friendship lays great emphasis on personal loyalty and also has much to do with family. It may be similar to Germany friendship to some extent and quite different from other Western friendships. Reading IIComparing and Contrasting CulturesComprehension questions1. How is the mainstream American culture different from the Japanese culture? Americans believe that human nature is basically good and man is the master of nature. They are future-oriented and “being”-oriented. Their social orientation is toward the importance of the individual and the equality of all people. However, the Japanese believe that human nature is a mixture of good and evil. Man is in harmony with nature. They are both past-oriented and future-oriented. And they are both “growing-”and “doing-”oriented. They give emphasis to authorities and the group.2. Can you find examples to support the author’s view of traditional cultures in different value orientations?For example, the traditional Indian culture believes that man is subjugated by nature and it is being-oriented (which can be exemplified by its caste system). Also, traditional Chinese culture is past-oriented, for emphasis has long been given to learning from the old and past.3. Why do Americans tend to equate “change” with “improvement” and regard rapid change as normal?Concerning orientation toward time, Americans are dominated by a belief in progress. They are future-oriented. They believe that “time is money”and have an optimistic faith in the future and what the future will bring. So they tend to equate “change” with “improvement” and consider a rapid rate of change as normal.4. What does “Electric Englishman” mean when it is used to describe the American? As for activity, Americans are so action-oriented that they tend to be hyperactive. That’s why that they have been described as “Electric Englishmen”, who always keep themselves busy.5. How would you explain the fact that contradictory values may exist in the same culture?As time changes faster and faster and there is more contact between cultures, it is more likely to find contradictory values existing in the same culture. This is especially the case in a society that is being transformed from a traditional one into a modern one. For example, in the Japanese culture, some people may still be very past-oriented and some are rather future-oriented, and even the same people may be sometimes past-oriented in certain situations and sometime future-oriented in other situations. 6. What can we get from models of this kind about cultural differences?Models of this kind are quite useful in giving rough pictures of striking contrasts and differences of different cultures. However, such a model only compares cultures on some basic orientations. It does not tell us everything about every conceivable culture. We have to recognize that models of this kind are over-simplifications and can only give approximations of reality.7. Do cultural values change as time changes?Yes, the values may be in the process of marked change due to rapid modernization and globalization. However, they have a way of persisting in spite of change. The evolution of values is a slow process, since they are rooted in survival needs and passed on from generation to generation.8. How is communication influenced by differing cultural values?Putting people from one culture into another culture with radically different value orientations could cause stress, disorientation, and breakdowns in communication. Case StudyCase 9Hierarchy is significant in the Japanese culture. This structure is reflected everywhere in Japanese life, at home, school, community,organizations, and traditional institutions such as martial arts or flower arrangements.In this case, the young chairman must have had his own ideas about how to manage the company; however, when encountered with his grandfather’s dissenting opinions, he dared not to take a stand against him. This may manifest the rigid hierarchical structure in the Japanese society. In the Japanese society, how hierarchy is formed depends mainly on seniority, social roles, and gender. As a respectable senior member of the family and the former leader of the company, the grandfather obviously overpowered the inexperienced young chairman. In other words, the grandfather seemed to be an absolute authority for the young chairman. In Japanese culture, challenging or disagreeing with elders’ opinions would be deemed as being disrespectful and is often condemned. People in lower positions are expected to be loyal and obedient to authority. That‘s why the young chairman didn’t say anything but just nodded and agreed with his grandfather.But Phil seemed to know little about the Japanese culture in this aspect. In many Western cultures, particularly American culture, seniority seldom matters very much in such situations, and young people are usually encouraged to challenge authority and voice their own opinions. Unfortunately, his outspoken protest could easily offend the grandfather and he might be regarded as a rude and ill-bred person by other Japanese.Case 10In Japan, a company is often very much like a big family, in which the manger(s) will take good care of the employees and the employees are expected to devote themselves to the development of the company and, if it is necessary, to sacrifice their own individual interests for the interests of the company, from which, in the long run, the employees will benefit greatly. But for the French, a company is just a loosely- knit social organization wherein individuals are supposed to take care of themselves and their families. Moreover, the way the French make decisions in the family might also be different from the typical Japanese one, which may not often involve females and the power to decide usually lies with the dominating male. As there are such cultural differences between the Japanese and the French, Mr. Legrand’s decision made Mr. Tanaka feel dumbfounded.Case 11Incidents such as these can point to possible culturaldifferences in so-called “polite” behavior, and at the same time highlight the tendency for people to react emotionally to unexpected behavior.People in most cultures would probably agree that an apology is needed when an offence or violation of social norms has taken place. However, there may be differing opinions as to when we should apologize (what situations call for an apology) and how we should apologize. To many Westerners, Japanese apologize more frequently and an apology in Japanese does not necessarily mean that the person is acknowledging a fault.To many Japanese, Westerners may seem to be rude just because they do not apologize as often as the Japanese would do. In this case, for instance, the attitude of the Australian student’s parents is shocking to the Japanese but will be acceptable in an English-speaking society, for the student is already an adult and can be responsible for her own deeds.Case 12In this case, it seems that the Chinese expectations were not fulfilled. First, having two people sharing host responsibilities could be somewhat confusing to the hierarchically minded Chinese. Second, because age is often viewed as an indication of seniority, the Chinese might have considered the youth of their Canadian hosts as slight to their own status. Third, in China, it is traditional for the host to offer a welcome toast at the beginning of the meal, which is the reciprocated by the guests; by not doing so, the Canadian might be thought rude. The abrupt departure of the Chinese following the banquet was probably an indication that they were not pleased with the way they were treated. The Canadians’ lack of understanding of the Chinese culture and the Chinese ways of communication clearly cost them in their business dealings with the visiting delegation.此文档是由网络收集并进行重新排版整理.word可编辑版本！。

高二英语词汇量全面提高单选题40题

高二英语词汇量全面提高单选题40题1. My sister is very ______ in music and she can play several musical instruments.A. interestedB. interestingC. boredD. boring答案解析：A。

be interested in是固定搭配，表示对某事感兴趣。

interested通常用来形容人，表示人的主观感受。

interesting用来形容事物，令人感兴趣的。

bored表示感到厌烦的，通常形容人，boring形容事物，令人厌烦的。

这里说妹妹对音乐感兴趣，所以选A。

2. We should ______ our time to study hard in high school.A. make good use ofB. make up ofC. make fromD. make into答案解析：A。

make good use of表示好好利用，符合语境，我们应该好好利用时间在高中努力学习。

make up of表示由组成，make from表示由制成（看不出原材料），make into表示把制成，这几个选项都不符合句子意思，所以选A。

3. The teacher asked us to ______ the new words in the dictionary.A. look afterB. look upC. look forD. look at答案解析：B。

look up表示查阅字典等），老师让我们在字典里查阅新单词，符合语境。

look after表示照顾，look for表示寻找，look at表示看，都不符合句子意思，所以选B。

4. There is a big ______ between American English and British English.A. differentB. differenceC. differentlyD. differential答案解析：B。

如何对待中外文化差异英语作文

如何对待中外文化差异英语作文我们如何去看待，中外文化差异所带来的英语学习的思维转换?下面是店铺给大家整理的怎样对待中外文化差异英语作文，供大家参阅! 如何对待中外文化差异英语作文篇1The culture differences between the East and West.As we know ,there are so many differences between culture of the East and West that I can not list all of their different aspects.I will focus on the differences of diet custom and teaching system.For your better understanding ,I will set examples of China and America.It is no doubt that it is a tradition to use chopsticks for Chinese.But people in America prefer to forks and knives.This different result is based on different food they are like .Americans choose to eat beefsteak,bread,and salad,while Chinese people choose noodles ,pancakes and rice.What is more,the custom of drinking tea in China and drinking coffee in America are stand out particularly.However,there is a trend that the food in both countries has been mixture.For example,the coffee and bread have introduced to China.The famous KFC is very popular at children.The gap of teaching system between China and America is big.Chinese students always complain about their homework.Too much homework has limited the time to exercise and relax.They have to recite many things as to get a high mark.Homework comes the first to them.In my opinion,the study in America is more interesting .Teachers pay attentions to training students skills in thinking in realastic life not to emphasis on the importances of memories.In a addition,the rate of going to school ,the salary ofteaching ,and the job of gruduates are quite different,too.I should say that Chima government should make great efforts to improve its teaching syetem.I am also expect to be one day ,the West give more cheers to our country.如何对待中外文化差异英语作文篇2Today,lots of people are affected by western culture especially the new generation who born after 1990s.In my opinion,some of western culture is good but some of them are not suited.Learning western culture can let us know about what is the western custom and what differnets between chinese and western.because of comparison we can learn the positive sides such as more confident,independent.On the other side,the negative sides we should not learn.for example,some high school student even younger fall in love with others.They spend much time to do it and forget what more important things they really need to do in that moment.Indeed,every coins have two sides.how to do deal with it,I think let time make the answer.如何对待中外文化差异英语作文篇3Culture, according to the definition given by Hofstede, is the collective mental programming of the people in an environment, conditioned by the same education and life experience. Therefore, there are differences between various nations or regions, because people are affected by education, society and work experience. Take the cultural difference between the East and the West as the example, China is a country that endures high power distance while America endures lower power distance. Therefore, status symbol is very important for Chinese and a superior having the privilege is a matter of course. But people in America think that they are all equal. Besides, the westerns are individualistic while the easterners are morecollectivistic. In individualistic societies, people focus on their own values and needs, relying on individual efforts to serve their interests. In the collectivistic nations, people combine themselves into one or several communities, finding their own place in the group and they mentally rely on the community, so harmony seems important in those nations. There are three main differences between the East and the West, namely uncertainty avoidance index, masculine versus femininity and long vs. short term orientation.根据霍夫斯泰德对文化所下的定义，文化是在同一个环境中的人们所具有的“共同的心理程序”，是由相同的教育背景和生活经历所决定的。

文化差异利大于弊英语作文

文化差异利大于弊英语作文There are plenty of. people in the world. They come from different countried, have their own race, belief and way of life. What is more, their culture is different from others'. So, there is no doubt that cultural difference exist among lots of countries, especially between eastern and western countries.Compared with the way of life, eastern people always have a bath in the evening or at night in order to relax themselves after one-day's hard work while western people take a bath in the morning. so as to keep freshly for the whole day. In general, it is true, especially for Chinese people. We, Chinese people would like to take baths at night rather than in the morning. It is a kind of habits we behave all the time.Compared with the relationships, differences are as follow: firstly, eastern people like to make friends, sometimes through their friends, parents, relatives. While western people behave a little shyly. They do not want to make friends all the time. Secondly, eastern people would like to hang out with the person they do not know about quite a lot. while western people just like going out with the person whom they get along well with.Finally, eastern people have much more friends than western people for their quite different way of getting along with. their friends. There is no doubt that eastern people are more outgoing than western people, so I agree with these a lot.As for way of solving problems, eastern people always deal with things indirectly. They pay much attention to many things around them, and always work for a long time to solve the problem. However, western people just go straight the heart of the problem and solve it directly and efficiently. As far as I am concerned, this difference between eastern and western people is quite normal and correct. Eastern people, especially Chinese people care about things around them a lot, they always want tosatisfy everyone's need, so that they spend much more time to solve a problem than western people.As for way of thinking, people in eastern areas usually think indirectly. They used to think about the things around them a lot and try to deal with things in a reasonable even perfect way. However, in comparison with the eastern people, people in the western areas often think directly. They pay less attention to the things around them and care much more about themselves. Honestly speaking, I disagree to this.In my opinion, everyone is special and has their right and obligations to do things. There is no need for us to critise others and what we should do is to respect their own. decision.There are a lot of differences between eastern and western culture. These are the symbols of their own characteristics and we need time to dig out more differences so as to learn more about them. Most importantly, we must respect their culture firstly!。

中外饮食文化冲突英语作文

中外饮食文化冲突英语作业从这几篇英语作文中，可以适当了解到中西饮食文化的巨大差异。

接下来跟随小编一起来看看吧。

中西饮食文化差异英语作文篇1The Food Culture Difference Between China and West Studying food cultural differences, we can find out a joint enhancing the communication between China and the west through a comprehensive study of the subject. It may be a great help to the communication of the Chinese and western cultures.Diet is actually the contents of our daily lives. It has special status in the Chinese culture, and it also has a great distinction between China and the west. As one of the world ancient nations, China’s diet has a history almost as long as that of Chinese civilization. But in western countries, ancient thinkers devoted less attention to the food problem than the Chinese philosophers did.The differences in concepts, targets, patterns, attribution and nature had reflected the different dietary culture in the different state characteristic.Differences in ConceptsChinese diet is a sense of beauty diet and pays attention to the "color, flavor, taste " regardless of the nutrition . Chinese people hanker on a diet is just the “mood”that is difficult for one to say anything. Evenusing the "color, flavor, shape and implement "which people often said to make the" realm "reification, is still difficult to crown all.中西饮食文化差异英语作文篇2The major differences of eating culture between the West and Chinaa.The use of tablewareAs we all know, chopsticks is our traditional tableware. We use chopsticks and spoon mostly and cups,plates,bowls and saucers are essential.The western use knife and fork.to eat..Their knifes can be divided into consumption knife, meat knife, friet knife, butter knife, fish knife and so on. The also have many kinds of forks like consumption fork, fish fork, and lobster fork.b.The way to cookChina has very rich kind of cooking methods, such as braising, quick boiling, scaling, stewing, gradual simmering, slow red cooking, steaming, decoction and so on, up to more than thirty kinds. Besides, the dishes cooked with these methods are numerous. That is why Chinese feel it is very interesting to cook, while the Westerners emphasize too much on scientific diet and the collocation of nutrition. They cook according to scientific disciplines all the time, which is mechanized and monotonous, therefore without any joy.c.The order of saving dishesIn a Chinese banquet cold dishes are the first served, next the hot dishes and the main course come with the following of soup, then follows the main food or desserts. Fruits often come the last. In a western banquet the serving order is different. The first course of Western dinner is appetizer. Appetizers have specific flavors, mainly salty or sour. They are few in amount but high in qualities. Different from Chinese dinners, the second course of Western dinner is soup. Western soup can be divided into four kinds, clear soup, cream soup, vegetable soup and cool soup which can be divided into more kinds. The third course of a Western dinner is non-stable dish. Usually, aquatic products, eggs, bread is called non-stable dish. The fourth course of Western dinner is the main course, which contains meat and bird species. The fifth course of Western dinner is dishes made of vegetables. Westerners often eat raw vegetables, so vegetables are often made into salad. The six course of Western dinner is dessert, such as pudding, pancakes, ice cream, cheese and fruits. The last course contains beverage, coffee or tea.中西饮食文化差异英语作文篇3The Western diet culture differenceWestern diet due to geographical characteristics, influence ofclimate factors such as environment, customs, appears in the ingredients, flavors, cooking methods, different degrees of differences in eating habits. It is because of these differences, diet has a strong regionalcharacter. Differences between Chinese and Western culture makes a difference of Chinese and Western food culture, and this difference from the West in ways of thinking and policy. Chinese focus on "Heaven", Westerners focus on "people-oriented".Nutrition and delicious(营养与美味)Due to West philosophy thought of different, Westerners Yu diet heavy science, heavy science is emphasizes nutrition, so Western diet to nutrition for highest guidelines, eating like for a bio of machine added fuel, special emphasizes food of nutrition components, protein, and fat, and carbohydrates, and vitamin and the various inorganic elements of content is match expedient, calories of supply is right, and these nutrition components is can for eating who full absorption, has no other side effects. Knowledge of these problems are cooking, and how color, fragrance and taste of the dishes, it is first requested. Sanhedrin Premier diet in Western countries--France, its food culture in many ways and weapproximate, but access to nutritional problems, will open the distance between the two sides.Five flavors mixed with the operation aimed at the pursuit of delicious cooking in China, during the processing of the hot frying and slow fire attack for a long time may cause destruction of the nutritional components of food. France is also the pursuit of delicious cooking, butat the same time not forgetting "nutrition" that premise, consistently delicious is that they do not care nutrition for the taking. Especially modern cooking trends occurred in the 1960 of the 20th century, with special emphasis on health, diet, to the pursuit of light oil, emphasized the use of fresh raw materials, stressed during the cooking process to maintain original nutrition and taste, so vegetables are eaten raw. So that the Western diet nutrition is universal。

新编跨文化交际英语教程1~7单元翻译

Unit 2 Page 60 Unit 3 Page 96Unit 5 Page 175 Unit 6 Page 215Case 2A common cultural misunderstanding in classes involves conflicts between what is said to be direct communication style and indirect communication style. In American culture, people tend to say what is on their minds and to mean what they say. Therefore, students in class are expected to ask questions when they need clarification. Mexican culture shares this preference of style with American culture in some situations, and that‘s why the students from Mexico readily adopted the techniques of asking questions in class. However, Korean people generally prefer indirect communication style, and therefore they tend to not say what is on their minds and to rely more on implications and inference, so as to be polite and respectful and avoid losing face through any improper verbal behavior. As is mentioned in the case, to many Koreans, numerous questions would show a disrespect for the teacher, and would also reflect that the student has not studied hard enough.Case 3The conflict here is a difference in cultural values and beliefs. In the beginning, Mary didn’t realize that her Dominican sister saw her as a member of the family, literally. In the Dominican view, family possessions are shared by everyone of the family. Luz was acting as most Dominican sisters would do in borrowing without asking every time. Once Mary understood that there was a different way of looking at this, she would become more accepting. However, she might still experience the same frustration when this happened again. She had to find ways to cope with her own emotional cultural reaction as well as her practical problem (the batteries running out).Case 6When a speaker says something to a hearer, there are at least three kinds ofmeanings involved: utterance meaning, speaker’s meaning and hearer’s meaning. In the dialogue, when Litz said ‘How long is she going to stay?’ she meant to say that if she knew how long her mother-in-law was going to stay in Finland, she would be able to make proper arrangements for her, such as taking her out to do some sightseeing. However, her mother-in-law overheard the conversation, and took Litz’s question to mean “Litz does not want me to stay for long”. From the Chinese point of view, it seems to be inappropriate for Litz to ask such a question just two days after her mother-in-law’s arrival. If she feels she has to ask the question, it would be better to ask some time later and she should not let her mother-in-law hear it.Case 7Keiko insists on giving valuable gifts to her college friends, because in countries like Japan, exchanging gifts is a strongly rooted social tradition. Should you receive a gift, and don’t have one to offer in return, you will probably create a crisis. If not as serious as a crisis, one who doesn’t offer a gift in return may be considered rude or impolite. Therefore, in Japan, gifts are a symbolic way to show appreciation, respect, gratitude and further relationship.Keiko obviously has taken those used items from Mary, Ed and Marion as gifts, for she probably doesn’t know that Americans frequently donate their used household items to church or to the community. Mary, Ed and Marion would never consider those used household items given to Keiko as gifts. No wonder they felt very uncomfortable when they received valuable gifts in return.Case 10In Japan, a company is often very much like a big family, in which the manger(s) will take good care of the employees and the employees are expected to devote themselves to the development of the company and, if it is necessary, to sacrifice their own individual interests for the interests of the company, from which, in the long run, the employees will benefit greatly. But for the French, a company is just a loosely- knit social organization wherein individuals are supposed to take care of themselves and their families. Moreover, the way the French make decisions in the family might also be different from the typical Japanese one, which may not often involve females and the power to decide usually lies with the dominating male. As there are such cultural differences between the Japanese and the French, Mr. Legrand’s decision made Mr. Tanaka feel dumbfounded.Case 12In this case, it seems that the Chinese expectations were not fulfilled. First, having two people sharing host responsibilities could be somewhat confusing to the hierarchically minded Chinese. Second, because age is often viewed as an indication of seniority, the Chinese might have considered the youth of their Canadian hosts as slight to their own status. Third, in China, it is traditional for the host to offer a welcome toast at the beginning of the meal, which is the reciprocated by the guests; by not doing so, the Canadian might be thought rude. The abrupt departure of the Chinese following the banquet was probably an indication that they were not pleased with the way they were treated. The Canadians’ lack of understanding of the Chinese culture and the Chinese ways of communication clearly cost them in their business dealings with the visiting delegation.Case 17When these two men separate, they may leave each other with very different impressions.Mr Richardson is very pleased to have made the acquaintance of Mr Chu and feels they have gotten off to a very good start. They have established their relationship on a first-name basis and Mr Chu’s smile seemed to indicate that he will be friendly and easy to do business with. Mr Richardson is particularly pleased that he had treated Mr Chu with respect for his Chinese background by calling him Hon-fai rather than using the western name, David, which seemed to him an unnecessary imposition of western culture.In contrast, Mr Chu feels quite uncomfortable with Mr Richardson. He feels it will be difficult to work with him, and that Mr Richardson might be rather insensitive to cultural differences. He is particularly bothered that, instead of calling him David or Mr Chu, Mr Richardson used his given name, Hon-fai, the name rarely used by anyone, in fact. It was this embarrassment which caused him to smile. He would feel more comfortable if they called each other Mr Chu and Mr Richardson. Nevertheless, when he was away at school in North America he learned that Americans feel uncomfortable calling people Mr for any extended period of time. His solution was to adopt a western name. He chose David for use in such situations.Case 19Talking about what’s wrong is not easy for people in any culture, but people in high-context countries like China put high priority on keeping harmony, preventing anyone from losing face, and nurturing the relationship. It seems that Ron Kelly had to learn a different way of sending message when he was in China. At home in Canada he would have gone directly to the point. But in China, going directly to the problem with someone may suggest that he or she has failed to live up to his or her responsibility and the honor of his or her organization is in question. In high-context cultures like China, such a message is serious and damaging. In low-context cultures, however, the tendency is just to “spit it out”, to get it into words and worry about the result later. Senders of unwelcome messages use objective facts, assuming, as with persuasion, that facts are neutral, instrumental, and impersonal. Indirectness is often the way members of high-context cultures choose to communicate about a problem. Case 21Sometimes our best intentions can lead to breakdowns (故障)in cross-cultural communication. For example, one of the very common manners of touching --- handshaking --- may result in conflict when performed with no consideration of cultural differences. Among middle-class North American men, it is customary to shake hands as a gesture of friendship. When wanting to communicate extra friendliness, a male in the United States may, while shaking hands, grasp with his left hand his friend’s right arm. However, to people of Middle Eastern countries, the left hand is profane (亵渎的) and touching someone with it is highly offensive. Therefore, in Vernon’s eyes, Kenneth was actually an extremely offensive message to him. Case 22In Puerto Rican culture, as in some other Latin American and Eastern cultures, it is not right for a child to keep an eye-contact with an adult who is accusing him or her, while in the United States, failing of meeting other person’s eye accusing him or her would be taken as a sign of guiltiness. As the principal knew little about this cultural difference in using eye-contact, he decided that the girl must be guilty. Generallyspeaking, avoiding eye-contact with the other(s) is often considered as an insult in some cultures, but may signify respect for authority and obedience in other cultures. Case 25For people from the American culture and western European cultures, one’s time should be scheduled into segments or compartments which are to be kept discrete from one another. They prefer to do one thing at a time. They will be annoyed when they have made an appointment with somebody, only to find a lot of other things going on at the same time. They don’t like to interrupt others and be interrupted by other while they are doing something. In contrast, people from many other cultures including the Chinese culture are more likely to operate with several people, ideas, or matters simultaneously. They are more easily distracted and subject to interruptions, which they would not usually mind very much. The miscommunication between Katherine and the director can be ascribed to their lack of knowledge about each other’s way of using time.In this case, to the Chinese director as well as many other Chinese people, it is natural to handle the other things which needed to be dealt with immediately. He may have thought that, in this way, he utilized the time best. But to Katherine and most Westerners, it’s quite different. They tend to do things strictly according to their schedule and appointments with others, which is their concept of using time best.高语境交流和低语境交流（由高到低排列）Japanese, Chinese, Korean, African American, Native American, Arab, Greek, Latin,Italian,English,Frech,Amercian,Scandinavian,German,German-Swiss。

中西方传统节日文化差异英语PPT

Through to Chinese and western traditional festivals reflect cultural differences in the comparative, can help language learners to fully understand the western ethnic history and culture, cultural differences to overcome, avoid cultural "conflict" phenomenon, in the communication process to achieve more effective integration, in order to better carry out international exchanges provide a window.
rational
The difference of clothing color
• In (Chin, paste red poetic couplet, Hong Fu words; male marries the woman got married with red "Hi". It also symbolizes the beautiful.
• The festivals in( China )mainly stem
from seasons and solar periods, which are closely related to agriculture.
• The festivals in(Western
)
generally stem fcroomunretlrigiioensand its

中西方饮食文化差异(英文)

Dietary differences in the way
➢ When the chinese go to a restarant,however, they ask for a small room with plain walls where they cannot be seen except by the members of their own party, where jackets can come off and they can proceed with the serious business which brought them there.The chinese intentions are both honourable and whole-hearted.
Differences between Chinese and Western food objects
Westeners think "food is just used for filling your stomack".
eCathlainrgeesepieccueissionfemeenapt,hwahsoilseepsie"cteasotfec"haicken and other "halordt vegetables." According to the Western diet was significant dcCaifhMflPlienatraanheyyeanrWmcCeeeuehsscxitncheineernalslteehtetnrest“nwmcthopiaoualtaenlrdrnaioactcnloscten.htsrhaiidseretaicrccowsteohorka”fitntihsg,wetphhorrioolbewcjenecsatsw, .athyeiny WmtoehwrseehteWeilrmeenspetthherasernsciCsdaihoellintencdnehusa“terraittipchoteneeortiahzpenalednimbtwhayeeltrhCceehhilriaonoreoawskceneteodconr”hueonhtrratyes,.rI,hfeaedl narrow shouder,legs are short, weak quality. 有I人n t根hei据r c中ou西ntr方ies饮, th食e 对hu象ma的n bo明dy显ge差ne异ra这lly一rob特us点t t，han把the 中Ch国ine人se称p为eo植ple物: ta性ll,格lon，g 西leg方s, 人wid称e 为sho动ul物de性rs,格w。ell-

英语论文中西方饮食文化差异

英语论文中西方饮食文化差异AbstractWith the continuous development of globalization, cultural exchanges between the East and the West have become increasingly frequent. Food, as an important part of culture, reflects the differences between Eastern and Western cultures to a large extent. This paper aims to explore the differences in food culture between Eastern and Western countries, including the historical background, dietary habits, ingredients, cooking methods, and table manners. By examining the cultural factors behind these differences, we can gain a deeper understanding of the rich diversity and uniqueness of Eastern and Western food cultures.IntroductionFood is not only a source of nutrition but also a carrier of culture. It reflects the values, beliefs, and customs of a society. The cultural differences between Eastern and Western countries are evident in their respective food cultures. In this paper, we will examine the differences in food culture from various aspects, ranging from historical factors to table manners.A. Historical BackgroundThe development of food culture in Eastern and Western countries is closely related to their historical background. Eastern countries, such as China and Japan, have a long history of agriculture, which shapes their food culture characterized by rice as a staple food and the use of chopsticks for eating. In contrast, Western countries, such as France and Italy, have a long history of animal husbandry and the cultivation of wheat. This influencestheir food culture characterized by bread and pasta as staple foods and the use of forks and knives.B. Dietary HabitsThe dietary habits of Eastern and Western countries also differ significantly. Eastern countries emphasize balance and harmony in their meals. They believe in the concept of yin and yang, and their meals typically consist of a combination of grains, meat or fish, vegetables, and soy products. In contrast, Western countries tend to have more varied and individualistic eating patterns. They often have three main meals a day, with a focus on meat, dairy products, and a wide range of fruits and vegetables.C. IngredientsThe choice of ingredients in Eastern and Western cuisines is another area where differences can be observed. Eastern cuisines heavily rely on soy sauce, soybean oil, and various fermented products, such as miso and soybean paste. These ingredients contribute to the umami taste that is prominent in Eastern dishes. In contrast, Western cuisines commonly use butter, cream, and various cheeses to enhance flavors. Moreover, the use of herbs and spices, such as basil, thyme, and oregano, is prevalent in Western cuisines, adding depth and complexity to dishes.D. Cooking MethodsThe cooking methods employed in Eastern and Western cuisines also differ significantly. Eastern cuisines often involve stir-frying, steaming, and boiling, which are quick and efficient methods that retain the natural flavors and textures of ingredients. In contrast, Western cuisines often involvebaking, grilling, and roasting, which allow flavors to develop through caramelization and browning. Slow cooking methods, such as stewing and braising, are also commonly used in Western cuisines to tenderize meats and enhance flavors.E. Table MannersTable manners and etiquette also vary between Eastern and Western cultures. Eastern cultures, such as China and Japan, emphasize the importance of communal dining and the sharing of dishes. Meals are often served family-style, and it is considered polite to take small portions and try a bit of everything. In Western cultures, individual plates are more common, and each person's meal is often separate and portioned individually. Additionally, the use of utensils differs, where chopsticks are used in Eastern cultures and forks, knives, and spoons are used in Western cultures.ConclusionIn conclusion, the differences in food culture between Eastern and Western countries can be attributed to their historical background, dietary habits, choice of ingredients, cooking methods, and table manners. These differences reflect the values, beliefs, and customs of each culture. By understanding and appreciating these differences, we can promote cultural exchange and enhance mutual understanding between Eastern and Western societies.。

culture differences

Cultural Differences Between a Chinese and an American We all know the culture of Chinese and western countries can be totally different in many aspects.Now we will talk about some main culture differences between Chinese and western,and try to summarize some conclusion.hina is a large country and with it developing faster and faster,the relationship between Chinese and western countries has been closer and closer.The chances to meet with foreigners have also been improved.Obviously,there are many cultural differences between American and Chinese can be found in many aspects of daily communication, including addressing, greeting and parting,compliments, apologies, thanks, etc.Now we will look at some cultural differences between China and America in a profound way on the basis of the statistics of questionnaire .Misunderstands are not restricted to disagreements, it’s just as easy to create confusion with the differences of culture. Now let’s see some examples.It’s frequent that we great others. We Chinese usually say “Have you had you meal”, “Where are you going”to great others and express our care. While American may just think that touch their self private and feel uncomfortable. They always use “Hello”, “Good morning”or “Nice day, isn’t it”to great others.When have a meal, if you finish you meal or wine, Chinese host will persuade you to take other one. And when you finish them again, the host will persuade you to take another one and usually it is difficult to refuse. That may make American feel uncomfortable. While American just saying “Help you self, please”. When guests go their home, Chinese host will say “Go slowly”, “Take care”, while American say “Bye-bye”, “See you later”.It is even more difference when receive gifts. When other people give gifts, Chinese host will say “Our relationship is so good that it is unnecessary for you to bring gifts. Then he pretends to have to receive the gifts and can’t unfold the gifts at once. Otherwise they will be thought to be greedy for money. By contrast, American will receive gifts immediately and say thanks for gifts. And unfold gifts immediately and highly praise the gifs expressing the pleasure to have so wonderful gifts.Family relationship is also different. In China, father is father, child is child; teacher is teacher, student is student. They have social estate. Four generation in one family is think to be very good family, while the old care about child and the child raise the old when they grow up. The whole family is harmonious and family interest is higher than private’s. Unlike Chinese, American think respect is higher than social estate and everyone is equal. They can call their father’s or grandfather’s name directly. And not be proud or sad of their family’s rich or poor. Because they believe hard working is most important. Just as American saying “if work hard, even cowboy can be president”.The styles that Chinese and Americans eat are very different too.In China, any dinner party has a form that everyone sits around the table. We use round table in the banquet, it means solidify, manner and having the common habits. The delicious dinner is placed in middle of the table. People toast for each other and take vegetables to others. It shows the respects and comity among people in front of the fantastic thing. Although this kind of eat method has obvious shortages in sanitation, it matches the common thought “reunion”of our race.In American dinners, though the food and wine are important, actually that is a setoff. The purpose of the party is making friends. They make friends by chat with their neighbor. It also represents Americans personality and respect. When Americans have meals, they do not allow people make a noise, they do not allow take vegetables for others, do not allow smoking, do not allow compelling others drinking wine, do not allow take off clothes in public, do not allow discusssickening. If you have finished food in a restaurant, you should leave a ten per cent tip for lunch, fifteen per cent for dinner. The tip should be calculated on the basis of the total before the addition of tax.The method we drink tea is the quintessence of our country, it has a long standing. When we drink tea, we emphasize clear and elegant. We daintily the matching of the tea and tea cups. There are many kinds of tea cups in China. Chinese rarely hold on tea party, if there are some, the hosts themselves pour tea for the guests.Chinese like drinking tea instead of drinking coffee. But Americans like drinking coffee, they also drink tea, they hold tea parties sometimes. The conversation is the core of the party. The tea party is a place where can train the diplomat.Let me come to the aspect of eating. Chopsticks are used for all meals in China. Food is placed at the center of the table and may include more than one type of main dish to be eaten with rice. All the food will be shared by all the persons and won’t be divided into several helps. While in America, they would use forks and knives for their meals. Every person has his own dishes and they won’t share one dish together. They think this is quite hygienic and they will enjoy their meals comfortably. However, what they eat is not so healthy, because they would like to eat a lot of meat and something with high calorie. Maybe it is good for them to obtain more fibers and keep a healthy body.Finally, I would like to mention something about the difference in marriage. Besides the ceremony for marriage has obvious difference----Americans will hold it in a church, while Chinese will hold it in a hotel inviting their relatives and friends to have dinner----their marriage notion has quite a lot of differences, too. Above all, I would like to give a case to you. A 28-year-old girl, who was studying in New York, said she never thought his husband wanted to divorce with her without any specific reason after their one-year marriage. She asked him why he did so. He said he didn’t love her any more. Then she questioned him didn’t he always said he loved her a lot. He said,”At that time I loved you, so I married you; but now I don’t love you any longer, so I want to divorce with you.”She was very angry and thought he had cheated her, but in her husband’s opinion, he treated her so honestly that he would divorce with her. In this story lies a different marriage notion. Americans pursuit the true love, no matter they are married or not. Once they find there is no love between the husband and the wife, they will choose to divorce. In China, however, people pursuit the completeness of the family. They think divorce is the last way to solve the family problem. We think we have the responsibility to keep the family peaceful and complete and give a harmony environment to our children to grow healthily. They every couple should head the way that husbands and wives should finish their lives hand in hand. From all these aspects, we can think of many differences in values, such as the notion of social statues, collectivism and socialism, the treatments to children and so on. In fact, we cannot say which one is right, which one is wrong, as we all know Americans and Chinese are not in the same group, people on the opposite side of the globe can never achieve the thousandth part of the group on the other side of the globe. What we should do is to learn the difference, and then we can really learn the language well结尾Chinese and American people live in the different cultural environment, and lead to a great amount of cultural differences between the two countries. In order to communicate each other well, the people from these two countries should strengthen communication to acknowledge each other well and avoid the misunderstandings in between due to the cultural disparities. The more the cross-cultural communication carries on, the more misunderstandings would be avoided and reduced. In doing so, the world would be more harmony and peaceful. In short, it is essential and vital to communicate among countries for creating a more wonderful world country. [4] Stevenson, Douglas K. American Life and Institutions．Shanghai：Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press，2003.。

中西方文化差异的英语作文

中西方文化差异的英语作文In the vast tapestry of human civilization, the cultural differences between the East and the West have always been a subject of fascination and study. This essay aims to explore the distinct cultural characteristics of China and theWestern world, highlighting the contrasts and similaritiesthat define our global community.Language and CommunicationThe Chinese language, with its tonal nature and pictographic script, is a stark contrast to the phonetic alphabets used in Western languages. Communication in China often relies on subtlety and implicit meaning, where the context and tone can convey a message as much as the words themselves. In contrast, Western communication tends to be more direct and explicit, with a focus on clarity and straightforward expression.Family ValuesFamily is a central pillar in both Eastern and Western societies, yet the approach to family values differs significantly. In China, there is a strong emphasis onrespect for elders and the concept of filial piety, where children are expected to care for their parents in their old age. Western cultures, while also valuing family, tend to promote independence from a younger age, with lessexpectation of children to provide for their parents.EducationEducation is highly valued in both cultures, but the educational systems and philosophies are quite different. Chinese education is often characterized by a rigorous and competitive approach, with a strong focus on rote learning and academic achievement. Western education, on the other hand, tends to prioritize creativity, critical thinking, and a more holistic approach to learning.Religion and PhilosophyReligion plays a different role in the cultural fabric of the East and West. In China, a syncretic blend of Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism has shaped the cultural ethos, with an emphasis on harmony, balance, and moral conduct. The West has been largely influenced by Christianity, with a focus on individualism, personal salvation, and moral codes derived from religious texts.Food and CuisineFood is not just sustenance but a reflection of culture. Chinese cuisine is renowned for its diversity, with an emphasis on flavor, texture, and balance. Meals are often shared, symbolizing community and togetherness. Western cuisine, particularly in the United States, is characterized by individual portions, with a wide variety of flavors and dishes influenced by immigration and globalization.Work EthicThe work ethic in the East is often described as industrious and disciplined, with a strong emphasis on dedication and long hours. In contrast, the West tends to value a balance between work and personal life, with a focus on efficiencyand productivity within a more regulated work schedule.Celebrations and FestivalsFestivals and celebrations are integral to both cultures, but they manifest in different ways. Chinese festivals like the Spring Festival (Chinese New Year) and the Mid-AutumnFestival are steeped in tradition and family reunions. Western holidays such as Christmas and Thanksgiving also emphasize family and togetherness but are often accompanied by distinct religious or historical narratives.In conclusion, while the cultures of the East and West share the common threads of humanity, they are woven together in unique and distinct patterns. Understanding these differences enriches our global dialogue and fosters a deeper appreciation for the diversity that makes our world sovibrant and complex.。

中西文化的差异英语作文

When comparing the differences between Chinese and Western cultures,several aspects stand out,reflecting the unique characteristics and values of each society.Philosophical FoundationsChinese culture is deeply rooted in Confucianism,Taoism,and Buddhism,which emphasize harmony,balance,and the interconnectedness of all things.In contrast, Western culture has been shaped by the Greek and Roman philosophies,the Enlightenment,and the JudeoChristian tradition,which often prioritize individualism, reason,and personal freedom.Family ValuesIn Chinese culture,the family is a central institution,with a strong emphasis on filial piety and respect for elders.The concept of the extended family and the importance of family lineage are deeply ingrained.Western cultures,particularly in the United States and Europe,tend to place a greater emphasis on the nuclear family and individual autonomy within the family structure.Social Hierarchy and RespectChinese society traditionally has a hierarchical structure,with respect for authority and social status being important.Titles and positions are often used to address individuals. Western societies,on the other hand,are generally more egalitarian,with less formality in addressing others,regardless of their social status.Communication StylesCommunication in Chinese culture tends to be more indirect and contextdependent,with an emphasis on saving face and maintaining harmony.In Western cultures, communication is often more direct and explicit,valuing clarity and straightforwardness. Educational ApproachesEducation in China is often more structured and examoriented,with a focus on rote memorization and respect for authority figures like teachers.Western education tends to encourage critical thinking,creativity,and student participation in the learning process. Work Ethic and ProfessionalismChinese work culture is characterized by a strong work ethic,with long hours and a dedication to the collective success of the company.In Western cultures,there is often a greater emphasis on worklife balance and individual achievement.Food and CuisineChinese cuisine is diverse and regional,with an emphasis on the balance of flavors,textures,and colors.Meals are often shared,with multiple dishes placed in the center of the table for communal consumption.Western cuisine tends to feature individual plates, with each person having their own portion of different dishes.Religion and SpiritualityReligion in China is often syncretic,with elements of Buddhism,Taoism,and Confucianism coexisting.Spiritual practices are integrated into daily life.Western spirituality is more diverse,with a mix of Christian denominations,as well as secularism and other religious traditions.Attitudes Towards TimeChinese culture often has a longterm perspective,with patience and the ability to plan for the future being valued.Western cultures,particularly in business,may place a higher value on immediate results and quick decisionmaking.Understanding these cultural differences is crucial for effective communication and collaboration between people from Chinese and Western backgrounds.It also enriches our global perspective,allowing us to appreciate the diversity of human experiences and values.。

Culture differences between Chinese names and English names汉英人名的文化差异

Culture differences between Chinese names andEnglish names目录题目 (Ⅰ)摘要及关键词 (Ⅱ)Ⅰ. Introduction (1)II. Surname in China and Western countries (1)2.1. Han surnames (2)2.1.1. The origins of Chinese surnames (2)2.1.2. The development of Chinese surnames (4)2.2. English speaking country's surnames (6)2.2.1. The origins of Chinese surnames (6)2.2.2. The development of Chinese surnames (7)III. Name in different ways in China and Western countries (9)3.1. Chinese names (9)3.2. Westerners names (10)IV. The translation of differences of Chinese and Western names (12)4.1. English translation of Chinese names (12)4.2. Chinese Translation of English Names (13)V. Comparison of Chinese and Western nicknames (15)VI. Conclusion (16)致谢 (17)参考文献 (18)Cultural Differences between Chinese Names and WesternNames.Abstract: name is not only the sign of differentiating the social-members from each other,but also contains a nation’s language, history, culture and religion and so on. Because of the differences of historical development and cultural tradition, two distinctive systems of names formed. This paper from the origin of Chinese name and Western name and the way that people named shows the differences between Chinese and western name culture. Through the name of thorough research we can better understand western culture,and it is good for English learning, and promotes the development of international culture.Key word: western; name; culture; differences从姓名看中西方文化差异摘要：姓名不仅是社会成员相互区别的符号，而且隐含着一个民族的语言、历史、文化和宗教等信息。

中英文化交流志愿者申请信英语作文

中英文化交流志愿者申请信英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Dear Cultural Exchange Program,My name is Lily and I am 10 years old. I am writing to you today to apply for the role of a Chinese-English cultural exchange volunteer. I may be little, but I have a huge passion for bridging the gaps between the Chinese and English cultures!Ever since I was a tiny tot, I have been fascinated by different languages and cultures. My parents are from China, but we live in the United States. At home, we speak Chinese and follow many wonderful Chinese traditions. But at school and out in the community, everything is in English and follows American customs. Seeing these two rich cultures side-by-side has made me curious to learn more about each way of life.One of my favorite things is discovering similarities between Chinese and American cultures that bring us together as humans. For example, I love that both place so much importance on education and respect for elders. It makes me proud that my Chinese grandparents beam when I get good grades, just like myAmerican friends' grandparents do. And I've noticed that big family reunion holidays like Chinese New Year and Thanksgiving are both about coming together to feast on delicious foods and play games.At the same time, I am captivated by the unique differences between the two cultures. In Chinese culture, we have the custom of giving red envelopes with money to children during holidays and celebrations. American kids think that's so cool! And my American friends are amazed by the elaborate lion dances I've watched during Chinese festivals. I try to explain traditions like that the best I can in my 10-year-old words.When it comes to language, I am truly bicultural and bilingual. I speak, read, and write in both Chinese and English fluently. My parents made sure to teach me Chinese from the day I was born. They read me Chinese storybooks, played educational videos, and always spoke to me in our native tongue. At the same time, I picked up perfect English through going to school, watching TV shows, and playing with friends.Being bilingual has given me a profound appreciation for the richness and beauty in both languages. I love how Chinese has unique tones and calligraphic characters steeped in thousands of years of history. And I am in awe of English's massive descriptivevocabulary and endless configurations of communicating ideas. I delight in concepts that transition perfectly between languages, and ones that get clunky and just don't translate well. Both languages are endlessly fascinating to me.Not only am I passionate about language and culture, but I am told I have a special ability to communicate complex ideas in simple ways. Though I am just a child, I have a talent for breaking down concepts into bite-sized pieces that are easy to understand, no matter what someone's background is. I imagine this skill would come in handy when explaining the finer points of traditions to someone from a different culture.My open-mindedness, patience, and kindness would also make me an effective cultural ambassador. I accept all people for who they are and don't judge based on differences. If I don't understand something about another culture at first, I am eager to ask questions with genuine curiosity rather than make assumptions. And I have a warm, friendly demeanor that puts others at ease so they feel comfortable opening up to me.In school, I am praised by teachers for being a wonderful role model of respect, cooperation, and bringing people together despite any differences. On the playground, I serve as a "kid translator" who helps English and non-English speaking childrenmake friends and play together through my bilingual skills. In these ways, I already unofficially act as a cultural exchange volunteer on a small scale. I would love to do this important work in a bigger way.If chosen for this opportunity, I will put my whole heart and unlimited energy into being the best cultural exchange volunteer I can possibly be. I will learn everything there is to know about the Chinese and English cultural activities and materials. I will teach each side about the other's customs with clarity and enthusiasm. And I will bring the same spirit of openness, compassion, and unity that I models in my daily life.My biggest dream is to help make the world a more bonded, peaceful place where cultures understand and appreciate each other. The world's future rests on theability of all people to connect across boundaries. As a passionate bicultural and bilingual young person who can relate to multiple backgrounds, I could play a special role in sparking lifelong cross-cultural connections. I may be small, but my dreams of being a cultural bridgebuilder are huge!Thank you so much for your consideration of my application.I hope I can be a bright light helping to illuminate the richness of culture for all.Sincerely,Lily篇2Dear Cultural Exchange Program Coordinators,Hi there! My name is Lily and I'm 10 years old. I'm writing to you today because I really, really want to be a volunteer for your awesome Chinese-English cultural exchange program. I think it would be so much fun and I'd learn a ton of cool new things!You see, I've always been super curious about different cultures and languages ever since I was a tiny kid. My parents are from China originally, so I grew up learning about all the neat traditions and history. We celebrate stuff like Chinese New Year, eat yummy dumplings and noodles, and my grandparents even taught me some Mandarin words and sayings. It's all so fascinating!At the same time, I was born here in the United States and have grown up as an American kid too. I love American food like hamburgers and pizza (my favorites!). I'm obsessed with pop music and movies from Hollywood. And of course, English is my native language that I speak at school and with friends.But I've realized that even though I kind of straddle both the Chinese and American cultures, there's still so much I don't know or understand fully about each one. My Chinese cultural knowledge comes mostly from my family at home. And my American cultural knowledge comes from living here and going to school. I've never really gotten the chance to dive deep into learning about the customs, arts, foods, and more from each culture in an immersive way. That's why this volunteer program seems perfect!As a volunteer, I could finally get a true inside look at both cultures directly from the source - by interacting with kids and cultural experts from China and the US. I'd love the opportunity to experience authentic cultural activities, ask lots of questions, and gain a richer understanding of the traditions that have shaped my dual identity. Things like:• Learning traditional Chinese arts and crafts like calligraphy, paper cutting, or making dumplings from a master• Discovering the storie s behind American holidays like Thanksgiving and Fourth of July• Seeing amazing performances of Chinese operas, dances, or acrobatics• Exploring the history behind classic American sports like baseball and football• Hands-on experiences with cultural games, songs, celebrations from both cultures• Making friends with kids from China and the US to understand how we're similar and differentI'm such a curious kid and soak up new information like a sponge. This program would allow me to become a mini-expert on the intricacies of the Chinese and American ways of life in a way that books could never convey. I could help other kids my age learn about and appreciate our cultural connections too. It would be an eye-opening experience that I know would shape my perspective for years to come.What makes me specially qualified to be a cultural ambassador? Well, as I mentioned, I already have personal ties to the cultures. But I'm also a total people-person who can get along with anyone! I'm friendly, outgoing, energetic, and love meeting new people from all walks of life. Kids seem to be naturally drawn to my warm personality and positive attitude.I'm also a fantastic student who works hard, participates enthusiastically in all activities, and has a diligent commitment tolearning. My teachers are always complimenting my strong language skills in English and my efforts to improve my rusty Mandarin. I'd bring that same determination and intellectual curiosity to every aspect of being a cultural ambassador.Most importantly, I have a caring heart and open mind. I'm fascinated by the differences that make people unique, not scared of them. I want to understand and embrace diversity, not judge it. I already aim to be tolerant, respectful, and make others feel comfortable around me. This volunteer role would allow me to promote the values of cultural understanding and celebration on a larger scale.I hope you'll strongly consider me for this incredible learning opportunity. I may be young, but I'm wise, worldly, and SO excited to expand my cultural horizons even further! This program sounds absolutely life-changing. I appreciate your time and consideration.Sincerely,Lily Chang (future cultural ambassador extraordinaire!)篇3My Dream to be a Culture AmbassadorHi there! My name is Lily and I'm 10 years old. I'm writing to you today because I really, really want to be a Chinese-English cultural exchange volunteer. Let me tell you why I think I'd be perfect for this super cool job!First off, I absolutely LOVE learning about different cultures from around the world. My favorite subject in school is social studies because I get to learn all about the customs, food, clothing, and traditions of people from different countries. Whenever my class has an international festival day, I'm always the first one raising my hand to do a presentation!Last year, I did a whole report on China for our Asia unit. I learned so many fascinating things! Did you know that Chinese writing uses logograms instead of an alphabet? Each character represents a whole word rather than just a sound. I practiced writing some characters like 爱for love and 友谊for friendship. Calligraphy is so beautiful and elegant.I also learned about important Chinese holidays like Chinese New Year and the Mid-Autumn Festival. For New Year's, families decorate with red lanterns and give out red envelopes with money inside as good luck. How cool is that?? Those red envelopes would have been great when I was saving up for my new bike! For Mid-Autumn Festival, everyone eats tastymooncakes and admires the full moon. I made a sample mooncake with my mom for my class presentation and everyone devoured it in seconds!Speaking of food, Chinese cuisine is my absolute FAVORITE. My parents always order takeout from this amazing restaurant in Chinatown called Happy Garden. My go-to dish is beef and broccoli, but I also love dumplings, fried rice, and those addictive sesame seed balls for dessert. Finger licking good! For my birthday last year, mom and dad took me to a fancy dim sum palace and I got to try all sorts of small plate dishes like shrimp dumplings, barbecue pork buns, and egg tarts. My mouth is watering just thinking about it!Another big reason I want to be a cultural ambassador is because I'm already pretty good at speaking both English and Chinese. You see, my mom is American but my dad is from Beijing, so I grew up learning both languages at home. On top of that, I attend a bilingual Chinese-English elementary school during the week. My Chinese teacher, Mrs. Wang, is always complimenting me on my tones and pronunciation. She says I'm practically fluent for my age!Being bilingual is such an awesome skill that allows me to connect with more people. I can easily chat with my Chinesegrandparents when they come visit, and I can also translate for my mom when we're out running errands in Chinatown. I feel so proud being able to bridge the gap between the two cultures I grew up with.If selected for this program, I would love the chance to share my experiences and knowledge with other kids my age. I'm a pretty outgoing person and I totally love public speaking, so standing up in front of a group is no big deal for me. I could teach fun vocabulary lessons like how to say different colors, numbers, and animal names in Chinese. We could play games like Chinese Whispers or bingo using vocab words.I also think it would be really neat to do cultural activities likea Chinese calligraphy or paper cutting workshop. We could make our own red lanterns for Chinese New Year's too! For food, maybe I could bring in some tasty Chinese snacks like sesame balls or almond cookies and we could do a little tasting activity. The options are endless!Most importantly, being a cultural ambassador would allow me to help spread understanding and appreciation between the East and West. Even though China and the U.S. have some cultural differences, we also have so much in common too. We're all human beings who want happiness, peace, and prosperity forour families at the end of the day. The more we can learn about each other's backgrounds, the less divides there will be.I may be just a kid, but I'm pretty wise for my age (just ask my parents!). I know that hatred, racism, and ignorance too often comes from fear of the unknown. That's why educating people and building cultural bridges is so crucial. If we can learn to embrace our diversity, the world becomes a much smaller, friendlier place.In conclusion, I would make an excellent Chinese-English cultural exchange volunteer because of my passion for global cultures, my language skills, my outgoing personality, and my deeper understanding of the importance of promoting unity. Don't worry, I'll keep studying and practicing my Chinese! I hope you'll strongly consider me for this incredible opportunity. It would mean so much to me.Thank you for your time!Lily ZhangAge 10。