多语种水力机械词汇：中、英、法水电站水力机械试验及运行
水利水电专业英语词汇
施工总平面布置Construction general layout施工总平面布置 (施工总体布置 ) construction general layout施工组织 Consruction Programming施工组织设计 construction planning施工坐标系（建筑坐标系） construction coordinate system湿化变形 soaking deformation湿润比 percentage of wetted area湿润灌溉 wetting irrigation湿室型泵房 wet-pit type pump house湿陷变形系数soaking deformation coefficient湿陷起始压力 initial collapse pressure 湿陷系数 (湿陷变形系数 ) coefficient of collapsibility湿周 wetted perimeter十字板剪切试验 vane shear test石袋 honeycomb时均流速 time average velocity时均能量 time average energy时效硬化 (老化) age hardening (ageing) 时针式喷灌系统 (中心支轴自走式系统 ) central pivot sprinkler system实测放大图 surveyed amplification map 实腹柱 solid column实际材料图 primitive data map实时接线分析real time connection analysis实时控制 real-time control实时数据和实时信息 real time data and real time information实体坝 solid dike实体重力坝 solid gravity dam实物工程量 real work quantity实验站 experimental station实用堰 practical weir示流信号器 liquid-flow annunciator示坡线 slope indication line示误三角形 error triangle示踪模型 tracer model事故 failure (accident)事故备用容量reserve capacity for accident事故低油压 tripping lower oil pressure 事故音响信号emergency signal (alarmsignal)事故运行方式 accident operation mode 事故闸门 emergency gate事故照明 accident lighting事故照明切换屏accident lighting change-over panel势波 potential wave势流 potential flow势能 potential energy势涡 (自由涡 ) potential vortex视差 parallax视差法测距（基线横尺视差法） subtense method with horizontal staff视差角 parallactic angle视准线法 collimation line method视准轴（照准轴） coolimation axis试验处理 treatment of experiment试验端子 test terminal试验项目 Testing item试验小区 experimental block试运行 test run试运行 test run收敛测量 convergence measurement收敛约束法convergence-confinement method收缩断面 vena-contracta收缩缝(温度缝) contraction joint (temperature joint)收缩水深 contracted depth手动[自动]复归manual [automatic] reset手动[自动]准同期 manual [automatic] precise synchronization手动调节 manual regulation手动控制 manual control手动运行 manual operation手工电弧焊 manual arc welding首曲线（基本等高线） standard contour 首子午线（本初子午线，起始子午线） prime meridian受油器 oil head枢纽布置 layout of hydroproject疏浚 dredging输电系统 transmission system输电线 transmission line输入功率试验 input test输沙量 sediment runoff输沙率 sediment discharge输水钢管steel pipe for water conveyance输水沟 conveyance ditch输水建筑物 water conveyance structure 输水渠道 water conveyance canal鼠道 mole drains鼠道犁 mole plough鼠笼型感应电动机squirrel cage induction motor竖井定向测量 shaft orientation survey 竖井贯流式水轮机 pit turbine竖井联系测量 shaft connection survey 竖井排水 drainage well竖井式进水口 shaf tintake竖轴弧形闸门 radial gate with vertic alaxes数字地面模型digital terrain model （DTM）数字化测图 digitized mapping数字通信 digital communication数字图像处理 digital image processing 数字仪表 digital instrument甩负荷 load dump (load rejection,load shutdown)甩负荷试验load-rejection test (load-shutdowntest)双层布置 double storey layout双调节调速器 dual-regulation governor 双扉闸门 double-leaf gate双回线 double-circuit line双击式水轮机 cross flow turbine,Banki turbine双极高压直流系统 bipolar HVDC system 双金属标 bimetal bench mark双列布置 double row layout双母线接线 double-bus connection双曲拱坝 double curvature arch dam 双曲拱渡槽double curvature arch aqueduct双室式调压室double-chamber surge shaft双吸式离心泵 double-suction pump双向挡水人字闸门bidirectional retaining mitre gate水泵[水泵水轮机的水泵工况 ]的反向最大稳态飞逸转速steady state reverse runaway speed of pump水泵比转速 specific speed of pump水泵并联扬程曲线 head curve of parallel pumping system水泵参数与特性Parameters and characteristics of pump水泵串联扬程曲线 head curve of series pumping system水泵的最大[最小]输入功率maximum[minimum] input power of pump 水泵电动机机组 Motor-pump unit水泵反常运行 pump abnormal operating 水泵工况 (抽水工况 ) pump operation水泵工作点(水泵工况点) pump operating point水泵供水 water feed by pump水泵机械效率 mechanical efficiency of pump水泵机组 pump unit水泵类型 Classification of pumps水泵零部件 Components of pumps水泵流量 pump discharge水泵容积效率 volumetric efficiency of pump水泵输出功率 output power of pump水泵输入功率 (水泵轴功率 ) input power of pump水泵水力效率 hydraulic efficiency of pump水泵水轮机 Pump-turbine水泵无流量输入功率 no-discharge power of pump水泵效率 pump efficiency水泵扬程 (水泵总扬程 ) total head of pump水泵站 Pumping Station水泵装置 pump system水锤 (水击) water hammer水锤泵站 hydrauli cram pump station水锤波 (水击波 ) wave of water hammer 水锤波波速wave velocity of water hammer水电站 Hydroelectric Station水电站(水力发电站) Hydroelectric station (hydroelectric power station) 水电站保证出力 firm power, firm output 水电站厂房 (发电厂房 ) power house水电站厂房的类型 Types of power house of hydroelectric station水电站出力 power output of hydropower station水电站出力和发电量 Power and energy output of hydropower station水电站的水头、流量、水位 Waterhead, discharge, water lever of hydropower station水电站发电成本generation cost of hydropower station水电站发电量energy output of hydropower station水电站建筑物hydroelectric station structure水电站经济指标Economie index of hydropower station水电站类型Types of hydroelectric station水电站引用流量 quotative discharge of hydropower station水电站装机容量 installed capacity of hydropower station水电站自动化automation of hydroelectric station水跌 hydraulic drop水动力学 Hydrodynamics水斗 bucket水斗式水轮机 (贝尔顿式水轮机 ) pelton turbine水工建筑物 hydraulic structure水工建筑物的类别及荷载 Classification and load of hydraulic structures水工建筑物级别grade of hydraulic structure水工金属结构及安装 Metal Structures and Their Installation水工隧洞 hydraulic tunnel水工隧洞 Hydraulic tunnels水工隧洞构造 Components of hydraulic tunnel水工隧洞类型Classification of hydraulic tunnels水管冷却 pipe cooling水柜 water pool水环真空泵 liquid ring pump水灰比 water-cement ratio水窖(旱井) water callar(dry wall)水静力学 Hydrostatics水库并联运用operation of parallel-connected resertvoir水库测量 reservoir survey水库串联运用operation of serial-connected reservoirs水库调度 reservoir operation水库调度图 graph of reservoir operation 水库回水变动区 fluctuating back water zone of reservoir水库浸没 reservoir immersion水库控制缓洪controlled flood retarding水库库底清理 cleaning of reservoir zone 水库泥沙 Reservoir sediment水库泥沙防治 Prevention of sediment水库年限 ultimate life of reservoir水库渗漏 reservoir leakage水库水文测验 reservoir hydrometry水库塌岸 bank ruin of reservoir水库特征库容 Characteristic capacity of reservoir水库特征水位 Characteristic level of reservoir水库泄空排沙sediment releasing by emptying reservoir水库蓄清排浑 clear water impounding and muddy flow releasing水库淹没补偿compensation for reservoir inundation水库淹没处理Treatment of reservoir inundation水库淹没处理范围treatment zone of reservoir inundation水库淹没界线测量 reservoir inundation line survey水库淹没区 zone of reservoir inundation 水库淹没实物指标material index of reservoir inundation水库异重流 density current in reservoir 水库异重流排沙 sediment releasing by density current水库诱发地震reservoir induced earthquake水库淤积Sediment deposition in reservoir水库淤积测量reservoir accretion survey水库淤积极限 limit state of sediment deposition in reservoir水库淤积平衡比降 equilibrium slope of sediment deposition in reservoir水库淤积上延(翘尾巴) upward extension of reservoir deposition水库淤积纵剖面 longitudinal profile of deposit in reservoir水库滞洪排沙flood retarding and sediment releasing水库自然滞洪 free flood retarding水冷式空压机 water-cooled compressor 水力半径 hydraulic radius水力冲填hydraulic excavation and filling水力冲填坝 hydraulic fill dam水力冲洗式沉沙池hydraulic flushing sedimentation basin水力粗糙度 hydraulic roughness水力粗糙区 hydraulic roughness region 水力共振 hydraulic resonance水力光滑区 hydraulic smooth水力机械 Hydraulic Machinery水力机械与电气设备 HYDRAULIC MACHINERY AND ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT水力机组 hydropower unit水力机组测试 Measurement and test for hydropower unit水力机组的安装和试运行 Installation and starting operation of hydropower unit水力机组调节系统 Regulating system of hydropower unit水力机组辅助系统 Auxiliary system for hydropower unit水力开挖 hydraulic excavation水力坡降 (水力比降 ) hydraulic slope (energy gradient)水力破裂法(水力致裂法) hydro fracturing method水力侵蚀 (水蚀) water erosion水力学 Hydraulics水力要素(水力参数) hydraulic elements水力指数 hydraulic exponent水力自动闸门 hydraulic operating gate 水力最优断面 optimal hydraulic cross section水利工程经营管理management and administration of water project水利计算Computation of water conservancy水利区划 zoning of water conservancy 水利枢纽 hydroproject水利水电工程等别 rank of hydroproject 水利水电工程规划PLANNING OF HYDROENGINEERING水利水电工程技术术语标准 Standard of Technical Terms on Hydroengineering水工建筑物专业英语词汇岸墙 land wall坝顶 dam crest，dam top坝踵 dam heel坝趾 dam toe板桩 sheet pile边墩 side pier，land pier变形模量 deformation modulus 鼻坎 bucket lip 毕肖普法 Bishop method 冰压力 ice pressure 剥离 desquamation 侧槽式溢洪道 side channel Spillway 沉降 settlement 齿墙 cut-off trench 冲沙闸（排沙闸） silt-releasing Sluice 纯拱法 independent arch method 刺墙 key-wall 大头坝 massive-head buttress dam *buttress 是扶壁的意思 单宽流量 discharge per unit width 单曲拱坝 single-curvature arch dam 挡潮闸 tidal sluice 导流隧洞 river diversion tunnel 倒悬度 Overhang degree 底流消能 energy dissipation by underflow 地震作用 earthquake action 垫座 cushion abutment 动水压力 hydrodynamic pressure 断层 fault 堆石坝 rock-fill dam 多拱梁法 multi-arch beam method 阀门 valve gate 防浪墙 wave wall 防渗铺盖 impervious blanket 非常溢洪道 emergency spillway 分洪闸 flood diversion sluice 副坝 auxiliary dam 刚体极限平衡法 limit equilibrium method for rigid block 拱坝 arch dam 拱冠梁 crown cantilever 拱冠粱法 crown cantilever method 工作桥 service bridge 固结灌浆 consolidation grouting 灌溉隧洞 irrigation tunnel 灌浆帷幕 grout curtain 管涌 piping 海漫 apron extension 横缝 transverse joint 虹吸式溢洪道 siphon spillway 蝴蝶阀 butterfly valve 护坡 slope protection 护坦 apron 弧形闸门 radial gate 滑雪道式溢洪道 ski-jump spillway 化学管涌 chemical piping 混凝土防渗墙 concrete cut-off wall 混凝土面板堆石坝 concrete faced rock-fill dam 基本断面 primary section 简化毕肖普法 simplified Bishop method 浆砌石拱坝 stone masonry arch dam 浆砌石重力坝 stone masonry gravity dam 交通桥 traffic bridge 接触冲刷 contact scouring 接触灌浆 contact grouting 接缝灌浆 joint grouting 截水槽 cut-off trench 节制闸 check sluice 进水口 water inlet 进水闸 inlet sluice 井式溢洪道 shaft spillway 静水压力 hydrostatic pressure 均质坝 homogeneous earth dam 抗滑稳定分析 analysis of stability against sliding 抗滑稳定性 stability against sliding 空腹重力坝 hollow gravity dam 空化 cavitation 空蚀 cavitation erosion 空注阀 hollow jet valve 宽缝重力坝 slotted gravity dam 宽尾墩 flaring pier 廊道 gallery 浪压力 wave force 理论计算 theoretical computation 拦河闸 river sluice 沥青混凝土 asphalt concrete 连拱坝 multiple-arch dam 流土soil flow 流网法 flow net method 锚杆 anchor rod 面板 face slab面流消能 energy dissipation by surface flow模型试验 model experiment泥沙压力 silt pressure碾压混凝土坝 Roller Compacted Concrete Dam牛腿 Corbel排沙隧洞 silt-releasing tunnel排水 drainage排水闸 outlet sluice喷混凝土 sprayed concrete平板坝 flat slab buttress dam平面闸门 plane gate破碎带 crushed zone铺盖 blanket砌石护坡 stone pitching人工材料面板坝artificial material faced dam人工材料心墙坝artificial material-core dam溶洞 solution cavern软基重力坝gravity dam on soft foundation软弱夹层 soft intercalated layer实用断面 practical section试载法 trial-load method双曲拱坝 double-curvature arch dam水工建筑物 hydraulic structure水工隧洞hydraulic tunnel，waterway tunnel水力发电隧洞 hydropower tunnel水利枢纽 hydro-complex水力学方法 hydraulics method水平施工缝horizontal joint水闸 sluice弹性模量 elastic modulus挑流消能energy dissipation by trajectory jet土工膜 geomembrane土石坝 earth-rock dam土质斜墙坝 earth dam with inclined soil wall土质斜心墙坝 earth dam with inclined soil core 土质心墙坝 earth dam with soil core帷幕灌浆 curtain grouting温度荷载 temperature load温度控制 temperature control温度应力 temperature stress温度作用 temperature action无压隧洞 free level tunnel消力池 stilling pool消力戽 roller bucket消能工 energy dissipater泄洪隧洞 spillway tunnel泄水建筑物 discharge structure泄水孔 outlet hole新奥法NATM（New Austrian Tunneling Method）胸墙 breast wall扬压力 uplift溢洪道spillway水垫塘 plunge pool溢流坝 overflow dam、翼墙 wing wall应力分析 stress analysis优化设计 optimization design有限单元法 finite element method有压隧洞 pressure tunnel闸墩 pier闸门 gate闸门槽 gate slot正槽式溢洪道 normal channel spillway 整体式重力坝 monolithic gravity dam趾板 toe slab支墩坝 buttress dam重力坝 gravity dam重力墩 gravity abutment周边缝 peripheral joint驻波 standing wave锥形阀 cone valve自由跌流 free drop自重 dead weight纵缝 longitudinal joint键槽 key strench伸缩缝 contraction joint施工缝 construction joint反弧段 flip bucket拦污栅 trash rack渐变段 transition泄槽 chute发电进水口 power intake通气管 air vent检修门 bulkhead gate事故门 emergency gate工作门 service gate堰 weir通气管 air vent胸墙 breast wall梁 beam柱 column回填混凝土 backfill concrete 接地 earth一期混凝土 primary concrete 二期混凝土 secondary concrete 叠梁门 stoplog门机gantry crane止水 waterstop钢筋 reinforcement模板 formwork围堰 cofferdam马道 bench；berm蜗壳 volute水轮机 turbine电站 power house车间 workshop发电机 generator变电站 transformer station副厂房 auxiliary power house 安装间 erection bay尾水闸门 tail lock尾水渠 tailrace引水渠 approach channel前池 fore bay导墙 lead wall隔墙 partition wall接触灌浆 contact grouting回填混凝土 backfill concrete 帷幕灌浆 curtain grouting挡墙 retaining wall港口 harbour港口建筑物 port structure 船闸 navigation lock船闸充水 lock filling船闸充水和泄水系统 locking filling and emptying system船闸前池 upper pool船闸上下游水位差 lock lift船闸闸首 lock head升船机 ship elevator；ship lift鱼道 fish canal旁通管 by-pass齿槽 cut-off wall水工建筑物专业词汇岸墙 land wall坝顶 dam crest，dam top坝踵 dam heel坝趾 dam toe板桩 sheet pile边墩 side pier，land pier变形模量 deformation modulus鼻坎 bucket lip毕肖普法 Bishop method冰压力 ice pressure剥离 desquamation侧槽式溢洪道 side channel Spillway沉降 settlement齿墙 cut-off trench冲沙闸（排沙闸） silt-releasing Sluice纯拱法 independent arch method刺墙 key-wall大头坝massive-head buttress dam *buttress 是扶壁的意思单宽流量 discharge per unit width单曲拱坝 single-curvature arch dam挡潮闸 tidal sluice导流隧洞 river diversion tunnel倒悬度 Overhang degree底流消能energy dissipation by underflow地震作用 earthquake action垫座 cushion abutment动水压力 hydrodynamic pressure断层 fault堆石坝 rock-fill dam多拱梁法 multi-arch beam method阀门 valve gate防浪墙 wave wall防渗铺盖 impervious blanket非常溢洪道 emergency spillway分洪闸 flood diversion sluice副坝 auxiliary dam刚体极限平衡法limit equilibrium method for rigid block拱坝 arch dam拱冠梁 crown cantilever拱冠粱法 crown cantilever method工作桥 service bridge固结灌浆 consolidation grouting灌溉隧洞 irrigation tunnel灌浆帷幕 grout curtain管涌 piping海漫 apron extension横缝 transverse joint虹吸式溢洪道 siphon spillway蝴蝶阀 butterfly valve护坡 slope protection护坦 apron弧形闸门 radial gate滑雪道式溢洪道 ski-jump spillway化学管涌 chemical piping混凝土防渗墙 concrete cut-off wall混凝土面板堆石坝concrete faced rock-fill dam基本断面 primary section简化毕肖普法 simplified Bishop method 浆砌石拱坝 stone masonry arch dam浆砌石重力坝 stone masonry gravity dam 交通桥 traffic bridge接触冲刷 contact scouring接触灌浆 contact grouting接缝灌浆 joint grouting截水槽 cut-off trench节制闸 check sluice进水口 water inlet进水闸 inlet sluice井式溢洪道 shaft spillway静水压力 hydrostatic pressure均质坝 homogeneous earth dam 抗滑稳定分析analysis of stability against sliding抗滑稳定性 stability against sliding 空腹重力坝 hollow gravity dam空化 cavitation空蚀 cavitation erosion空注阀 hollow jet valve宽缝重力坝 slotted gravity dam宽尾墩 flaring pier廊道 gallery浪压力 wave force理论计算 theoretical computation拦河闸 river sluice沥青混凝土 asphalt concrete连拱坝 multiple-arch dam流土soil flow流网法 flow net method锚杆 anchor rod面板 face slab面流消能 energy dissipation by surface flow模型试验 model experiment泥沙压力 silt pressure碾压混凝土坝 Roller Compacted Concrete Dam牛腿 Corbel排沙隧洞 silt-releasing tunnel排水 drainage排水闸 outlet sluice喷混凝土 sprayed concrete平板坝 flat slab buttress dam平面闸门 plane gate破碎带 crushed zone铺盖 blanket砌石护坡 stone pitching人工材料面板坝artificial material faced dam人工材料心墙坝artificial material-core dam溶洞 solution cavern软基重力坝gravity dam on soft foundation软弱夹层 soft intercalated layer实用断面 practical section试载法 trial-load method双曲拱坝 double-curvature arch dam水工建筑物 hydraulic structure水工隧洞hydraulic tunnel，waterway tunnel水力发电隧洞 hydropower tunnel水利枢纽 hydro-complex水力学方法 hydraulics method水平施工缝horizontal joint水闸 sluice弹性模量 elastic modulus挑流消能energy dissipation by trajectory jet土工膜 geomembrane土石坝 earth-rock dam土质斜墙坝 earth dam with inclined soil wall土质斜心墙坝 earth dam with inclined soil core土质心墙坝 earth dam with soil core帷幕灌浆 curtain grouting温度荷载 temperature load温度控制 temperature control温度应力 temperature stress温度作用 temperature action无压隧洞 free level tunnel消力池 stilling pool消力戽 roller bucket消能工 energy dissipater泄洪隧洞 spillway tunnel泄水建筑物 discharge structure泄水孔 outlet hole新奥法NATM（New Austrian Tunneling Method）胸墙 breast wall扬压力 uplift溢洪道spillway水垫塘 plunge pool溢流坝 overflow dam、翼墙 wing wall应力分析 stress analysis优化设计 optimization design有限单元法 finite element method有压隧洞 pressure tunnel 闸墩 pier闸门 gate闸门槽 gate slot正槽式溢洪道 normal channel spillway 整体式重力坝 monolithic gravity dam 趾板 toe slab支墩坝 buttress dam重力坝 gravity dam重力墩 gravity abutment周边缝 peripheral joint驻波 standing wave锥形阀 cone valve自由跌流 free drop自重 dead weight纵缝 longitudinal joint键槽 key strench伸缩缝 contraction joint施工缝 construction joint反弧段 flip bucket拦污栅 trash rack渐变段 transition泄槽 chute发电进水口 power intake通气管 air vent检修门 bulkhead gate事故门 emergency gate工作门 service gate堰 weir通气管 air vent胸墙 breast wall梁 beam柱 column回填混凝土 backfill concrete接地 earth一期混凝土 primary concrete二期混凝土 secondary concrete叠梁门 stoplog门机gantry crane止水 waterstop钢筋 reinforcement模板 formwork围堰 cofferdam马道 bench；berm蜗壳 volute水轮机 turbine电站 power house车间 workshop发电机 generator变电站 transformer station副厂房 auxiliary power house安装间 erection bay尾水闸门 tail lock尾水渠 tailrace引水渠 approach channel前池 fore bay导墙 lead wall隔墙 partition wall接触灌浆 contact grouting回填混凝土 backfill concrete帷幕灌浆 curtain grouting挡墙 retaining wall港口 harbour港口建筑物 port structure船闸 navigation lock船闸充水 lock filling船闸充水和泄水系统 locking filling and emptying system船闸前池 upper pool船闸上下游水位差 lock lift船闸闸首 lock head升船机 ship elevator；ship lift鱼道 fish canal旁通管 by-pass齿槽 cut-off wall。
水力机械专业词汇中英文
水电站经济运行 Economic Operation in Hydropower Station
水电站控制系统分析 Analysis of Control System in Hydropower Station
水轮机 Water-Turbine Engine
水轮机调节 Water-Turbine Engine Adaptation
水轮机调节系统 Adaptive System of Water-Turbine Engine
水轮机水力设计 Hydraulic Design of Water Engine
液压系统的模拟机分析 Analysis of Simulator of Hydraulic System
液压系统数字仿真 Digital Imitation in Hydraulic System
液压系统污染控制 Pollution Control in Hydraulic System
液压元件 Hydraulic Elements
水轮机原理及水力设计 Principles of Water-Turbine Engine & Design of Water Engine
水轮机原理与CAD Principle of Water-Turbine Engine & CAD
水轮水力设计 Hydraulic Design of Water Engine
液压元件课程设计 Course Exercise in Hydraulic Elements
engineering thermodynamics 工程热力学
水轮机专用中英文对照术语
水轮机专用中英文对照术语2一般术语2.1水力机械hydraulic machinery2.2 水轮机hydraulic turbine2.3 蓄能泵storage pump2.4 水泵水轮机reversible turbine，pump-turbine2.5 旋转方向direction of rotation2.6 机组unit2.13立式、卧式和倾斜式机组vertical，horizontal and inclined unit2.14可调式水力机械regulated hydraulic machinery2.15不可调式水力机械non-regulated hydraulic machinery2.16主阀main valve3.1水轮机3.1.1反击式水轮机reaction turbine3.1.2 混流式水轮机Francis turbine，mixed-flow turbine3.1.3 轴流式水轮机axial turbine3.1.4 轴流转桨式水轮机Kaplan turbine，axial-flow adjustable blad propeller turbine3.1.5 轴流调桨式水轮机Thoma turbine3.1.6 轴流定桨式水轮机Propeller turbine3.1.7贯流式水轮机tubular turbine，through flow turbine3.1.8灯泡式水轮机bulb turbine3.1.9竖井贯流式水轮机pit turbine3.1.10全贯流式水轮机straight flow turbine，rim-generator unit3.1.11轴伸贯流式水轮机（S形水轮机）tubular turbine（S－type turbine）3.1.12 斜流式水轮机diagonal turbine3.1.13 斜流转桨式水轮机Deriaz turbine3.1.14斜流定桨式水轮机fixed blade of Deriaz turbine3.1.15冲击式水轮机impuls turbine，action turbine3.1.16水斗式水轮机Pelton turbine，scoop turbine3.1.17斜击式水轮机inclined jet turbine3.1.18双击式水轮机cross-flow turbine3.2蓄能泵3.2.1混流式（离心式）蓄能泵centrifugal storage pump，mixed-flow storage pump3.2.2轴流式蓄能泵propeller storage pump，axial storage pump3.2.3斜流式蓄能泵diagonal storage pump3.2.4多级式蓄能泵multi-stage storage pump3.3水泵水轮机（又称可逆式水轮机）3.3.1单级水泵水轮机singal stage pump-turbine3.3.2多级水泵水轮机multi-stage pump-turbine3.4主阀与阀门3.4.1蝴蝶阀butterfly valve3.4.2 平板蝶阀biplane butterfly valve，through flow butterfly valve3.4.3 圆筒阀cylindrical valve，ring gate3.4.4 球阀rotary valve，spherical valve3.4.5 盘形阀mushroom valve，hollow-cone valve，howell-Bunger valve3.4.6 针形阀needle valve3.4.7 旁通阀by-pass valve3.4.8直空破坏阀vacuum break valve4结构部件4.1混流式水轮机4.1.1埋入部件embedded component4.1.2 引水室（turbine）flume4.1.3蜗壳spiral case4.1.4座环stay ring4.1.5 固定导叶stay vane4.1.6 蜗壳鼻端spiral case nose4.1.7基础环foundation ring，discharge ring 4.1.8 尾水管draft tube4.1.9锥形尾水管conical draft tube4.1.10肘形尾水管elbow draft tube4.1.11尾水管锥管draft tube cone4.1.12尾水管肘管draft tube elbow4.1.13 尾水管扩散段draft tube outlet part 4.1.14 尾水管支墩draft tube pier4.1.15 尾水管里衬draft tube liner4.1.16 机坑里衬pit liner4.1.17导水机构distributor4.1.18顶盖headcover，top cover4.1.19底环bottom ring，bottom cover4.1.20导叶guide vane，wicket gate4.1.21 控制环regulating ring，operating ring4.1.22 导叶臂guide vane lever，wicket gate lever4.1.23 分半键split key4.1.24 导叶连杆guide vanelink，wicket gate link4.1.25 导叶过载保护装置guide vane overload protection device 4.1.26 剪断销shear pin4.1.27 摩擦装置friction device4.1.28 导叶轴承guide vane bearing4.1.29 导叶止推轴承guide vane thrust bearing4.1.30 导叶轴密封guide vane stem seal4.1.31 导叶端面密封guide vane end seal4.1.32 导叶立面密封guide vane seal4.1.33抗磨板facing plates，wear plates4.1.34导叶限位块guide vane stop block4.1.35导叶接力器guide vane servomotor4.1.36 单导叶接力器individual guide vane servomotor4.1.37 推拉杆push and pull rod，connecting rod4.1.38 调速轴regulating shaft4.1.39 均压管balance pipe4.1.40 转动部件rotating component4.1.41 转轮runner4.1.42 叶片blade4.1.43 上冠crown4.1.44 下环band4.1.45 泄水锥runner cone4.1.46 转轮密封装置runner seal4.1.47 转轮止漏环runner wearing ring4.1.48 固定止漏环stationary wearing ring4.1.49 转轮减压板decompression plate4.1.50 主轴main shaft4.1.51 导轴承guide bearing4.1.52 轴领guide bearing collar4.1.53 轴瓦guide bearing shoe4.1.54 轴承体guide bearing housing4.1.55 主轴密封装置main shaft seal4.1.56 检修密封stand still seal4.1.57 联轴螺栓coupling bolt4.2轴流式水轮机和斜流式水轮机。
水利水电工程专业英语英文词汇
strain meter 应变计temperature sensor 温度传感器terminal station 集线站其他（Others）check hole 检查孔compartment 灌区dense mix 浓浆foundation uplift 基础隆起grout hole 灌浆孔instrument hole 仪器孔primary/secondary and tertiary grout holes 一序、二序、三序灌浆孔spilt spacing 加密灌浆孔距waste mix 弃浆◆测量（Survey）测量方法及术语（Methods and Terms）adjust 校正、调整adjustment 平差allowance 容许误差backsight point 后视点basic point 基础点bench mark 水准点compass 罗盘chainage(station number) 桩号chain of triangulation 三角锁check 校核、对照control point 控制点coordinate point 坐标点datum 基础面datum point 基准点deviation 偏差easily identifiable point 容易识别点error 误差first order triangulation 一等三角测量geodetic 测量学的geodetic surveying 测量joint survey 联合测量known point 已知点level surface 水准面local triangulation networks 局部三角网national coordination system 国家坐标网observe 观测、监视point to be located 待定点position 定位、位置reconnaissance 选点、踏勘reference point 参考点second order triangulation 二等三角测量set out 放线、放样stake-line 测桩线state plane coordinate system 国家平面坐标系survey point 测点theoretical point 理论点traverse(polygon) 导线（测量）、横断error of traverse 导线闭合差lattice traverse 网格状导线long side traverse 长导线open traverse 非闭合导线short side traverse 短导线traverse closure 导线闭合traverse station 导线点traverse survey 导线测量triangulation 三角测量triangulation network 三角网triangulation of high order 高等级三角网triangulation point 三角点trilateration 三边测量vertical-control net 高程控制网wood pile 木桩角度测量（Angular Measure）azimuth 方位角bearing 方位、象限角buddle 气泡、水准器circle 度盘、圆盘circular bubble 圆水准器collimation axis 视准轴cross-line(cross-hair) 十字丝depression angle 俯角elevation angle 仰角eyepiece(ocular) 目镜field pole(staff) 标杆foot-screw 脚螺栓horizontal angle 水平角mark 标志（明）objective lens 物镜plumb(plummet) 铅垂、垂线sight 瞄准、观测target 目标、瞄准theodolite 经纬仪tranverse axis 横轴tripod 三脚架vertical angle 竖直角vertical axis 竖轴望远镜（Telescope）centering 对中face left 盘左face right 盘右focus 集中、焦点focusing 调焦index error 指标误差inverted position of telescope(reverse telescope)倒镜、盘右normal position of telescope(direct telescope)正镜、盘右optical plummet 光学垂准器round 测回set 套、组station 测站距离测量（Distance Measure）barometer 气压计base line(basic line/datum line) 基线battery 电池EDM(electromagnetic distance measurement) 电磁波测距filter 滤光片、滤波器laser alignment system 激光准直系统laser beam 激光束prism 棱镜range 测程、距离long range 远程medium range 中程short range 短程range finder 测距仪signal 信号spring balance 弹簧称tape 卷尺invar tape 铟瓦钢卷尺高程测量（Height Measurement）altitude/elevation 高程、海拔approximate leveling 近似置平、粗平automatic level 自动定平水准仪difference in altitude(difference of elevation ,height difference) 高差error of closure in leveling 水准闭合差exact leveling 精平、确置平level 水准仪（测点）level circuit 水准闭合环level shoe 水准尺垫line of level 水准线路national geodetic vertical datum 国家高程基准面reduced level 归化高差run back 返测run out 往测three-wire leveling 三丝法水准测量地形测量（Topographic Survey）boundary 边界、界线construction stake 施工标桩contour 等高线contour interval 等高距contouring 绘等高线contour-length method 等高线延长法contour line 等高线control network 控制网detail 细部、详图draw 绘图field 外业fix 固定、确定form line 地形图grid 格网information 注记、资料、情报marginal information 轮廓注记large-scale 大比例尺的latitude 纬度、围latitude circle 纬圈latitude line 纬线legend 图例location 定线、定位longitude 经度longitude line 经线map 地图、制图mapping 制图、测图、地质素描match line 拼接线monument 标石、石柱object 地物、目标plan 平面图、略图plot 绘图profile 断面（图）、纵剖图record 记录、资料setup 定置仪器site location 定位stake out 放样、定线、立桩symbol 符号、记号topographic detail 地形细部topographic map 地形图◆原形观测观测仪器和设施{Instrumentation and Facilities）air-entraining meter 掺气剂Carlson-type piezometer 卡尔逊式渗压计concrete strain meter 砼应变计convergent point 收敛测点direct plumb line 正垂线earth pressure cell 土压力盒embankment piezometer 坝体渗压计embankment strain meter 堤应变计extended wire 引线foundation piezometer 基础渗压计horizontal inclinometer 水平测斜仪hydraulic instrument 水力学仪器hydrophone 水听器inclinometer casing 测斜管interface joint meter 界面变位计inverted plumb line 倒垂线micro piezometer 微压计multiple position extensometer 多点位移计observation point 观测标点observation well 观测井optical alignment line 视准线plate strain meter 钢板计pneumatic piezometer 气压式渗压计pressure fluctuation meter 脉动压力计prestressed tendon anchorage dynamometer 预应力锚索测力计rock bolt extensometer 锚杆测力计single point extensometer 单点位移计spiral sensor 测扭仪standpipe 测压管strong-motion seismogragh 强震仪surface monument 表面标点temperature sensor 温度传感器terminal house 终端房terminal station 终端站tilt meter 倾角计time average pressure cell 时均压力计total pressure cell 总压力盒velometer 流速计vertical inclinometer 垂直测斜仪vibrating wire piezometer 震旋式渗压计vibrating wire settlement sensor 振旋式沉降仪weir with micro piezometer 带微压计的量水堰working base point 工作基点zero stress-strain meter 砼无应力计附件及配件（Acessories and Spare Parts）coil 盘绕component 零部件coordinator 坐标仪damping box 阻尼角differential resistance 差动电阻double layer rubber sleeve 双层保护forced centering plate 强制对中盘instrument lead 仪器电缆invar wire 铟瓦丝metal ring 金属环plumb coordinate meter 垂线坐标仪pulley 滑轮regulator 调节器riser 立管sensor 传感器spool 绕轴steel socket 钢底座tablet 药片tensioning weight 拉重锤thermistor 热敏电阻tip 测头安装过程（Procession of Installation）assemble 组装couple 连接embed 埋设install 安装insulate 绝缘maintenance 维护monitor 监测protection of instrumentation 仪器保护reduce 归纳seal 密封splice 拼接supply 提供test 测试资料（Information）assemble schematic 装配简图certificate 合格证书description 使用说明书maintenace guideline 维护指南manual 说明书operating principle 工作原理operating restraint 操作围procedure 程序trouble shooting procedure 鼓掌分析程序其他（Others）annular space 环行空间data acquisition 数据采集data recording 数据记录leas drilling hole 引线孔permanent record 永久记录readout device 读数设备saturated 饱和的seepage isolation dike 截渗堤trapezoidal 梯形◆水工常规试验砼原材料试验（Test of Raw and Processed Material of Concrete）骨料（Aggregate）abrasion volume by Los Angeles rattler 洛杉机磨耗量accumulated retained percentage 累计筛余百分率acicular and flaky grain in aggregate 针状与片状颗粒含量alkali-aggregate reaction 碱骨料反应apparent density 视密度bulk density (unity weight) 容重clay lumps and friable particles in aggregate黏土块及易碎颗粒含量coefficient of softening 软化系数crush index 压碎指标dry state 干燥状态exceeding and inferior grain in aggregate 超逊径颗粒含量fineness modulus 细度模数gaping place rate 空隙率grader retained percentage 分计筛余百分率grain composition 颗粒级配grain size 粒径lightweight matter in aggregate 轻物质含量mica content 云母含量moisture content(water rate) 含水率mud content 含泥量organic content 有机质含量potential reactivity of aggregate 骨料潜在活性saturation 饱和的sieving curve 筛分曲线soft grain in aggregate 软弱骨料含量soundness 坚固性surface moisture content 表面含水率water-soluble sulphide 水溶性硫化物水硬性胶凝材料(Hydraulicity cementitious material)age 龄期cement mark(strength of cement /cement grade) 水泥标号consumptive use of water normal consistance 标准稠度用水量degree of mobilization 流动性dissolution heat ( solution heat ) 溶解热final set 终凝flexural strength 抗弯强度flyash 粉煤灰hydration heat 水化热initial set 初凝loss on ignition(ignition loss) 烧矢量setting time 凝结时间silica fume 硅粉soundness 水泥的安定性specific surface area 比表面积specific heat 比热water demand ratio 吸水量比外加剂（Admixture）bubble stability 泡沫稳定性bubbling ability 起泡能力chloride content 氯化物含量compressive strength rate 抗压强度比contract with dry rate 干缩率dispersing coefficient 分散系数dispersing ability of water-reducing agent 减水剂分散能力loss of slump 塌落度损失sulphate content 硫酸盐含量solid content 固体含量surface tension 表面力water-reducing rate 减水率水（Water）alkalinity 碱度calcion 钙离子carbonic acid 钙酸chlorion 氯离子equivalent concentration 当量浓度oxygen consumption 耗氧量normal solution (standardsolution) 标准溶液PH value PH值water analysis 水值分析砼（Concrete）砼拌和物（Mixture）assurance strength of concrete 砼保证强度bleeding rate 泌水率cement-sand ration 灰砂比design strength of concrete 砼设计标号flowability of concrete 砼的流动性mix proportion (proportion of mixture) 砼配合比mixture uniformity 拌和物的均匀性penetration-obstruction method 贯入阻力法probability of ensuring strength of concrete 砼强度保证率sand rate 砂率unit consumption of water 单位用水量water retention (water retentiveness) 保水性water-cement ratio 水灰比硬化砼（Hardened concrete）axial tensile strength 轴向抗拉强度coefficient of thermal conductivity 导热系数cooling rate 冷却率core of concrete 砼芯样creep deformation (time deformation ) 徐变变形form coefficient(form factor) 形状系数freezing -melting circulation 冻融循环frost-resistance mark 抗冻标号heat property of concrete 砼热学性能height-diameter ration 高径比linear expansion coefficient 线膨胀系数loss of weight 重量损失natural frequency 自振频率permeate 渗透permeated height 渗透高度permeated-resisting mark 抗渗标号relative coefficient of permeability 相对渗透系数resonance frequency 共振频率sample 试件self-grown volume deformation（砼）自生体积变形splitting tensile strength 劈裂抗拉强度static compressive modulus of elasticity 静力抗压弹数temperature conductivity 导温系数tensile modulus of elasticity 抗拉弹性模量thermal insulation warming 绝热温升ultimate tensile strain 极限拉应变ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度wear rate 磨损率wear-resisting strength 抗冲磨强度砂浆（Cement）cement lime mortar 水泥石灰砂浆cement mortar 水泥砂浆cement-clay mortar 水泥黏土砂浆epoxy mortar 环氧砂浆lime mortar 石灰砂浆plastering mortar 抹面砂浆pointing joint mortar 勾缝砂浆土（Soil）accumulation curve (cumulative curve) 累计曲线activity index 活性指标angle of friction 摩擦角Atterberg limits(water content as limit) 阿太堡界限（界限含水量）California bearing ratio 载重比coarse-grained soil 粗粒土coefficient of compressibility 压缩系数coefficient of cubicalcompressibility 体积压缩系数coefficient of curvature 曲率系数compression 压缩compression index 压缩指数compression modulus 压缩模数consolidated-undrained (quick) shear test 固结不排水剪（固结快剪）试验consolidated-drained (slow) shear test 固结不排水剪（慢剪）试验consolidation 固结consolidation coefficient 固结系数consolidation settlement 固结沉降consolidation stress 固结应力continuous grading/gradation 连接级配contraction test(shrinkage test) 收缩试验core cutter method 环刀法creep curve 蠕变曲线critical slope 逸出坡降（临界坡降）Darcy's law 达西定律degree of consolidation 固结度degree of free swelling 自由膨胀率direct shear test 直接剪切试验direct shear test of reiteration 反复直剪强度试验distribution curve 分布曲线drift soil (shifting soil/mass flow) 流土effective angle of inner friction 有效摩擦角effective strength envelope 有效强度包线expansion force 膨胀力expansion ration(specific expansion) 膨胀率filtering flow(seepage flow) 渗流fine-grained soil 细粒土flow net(drift net) 流网hydraulic slope 水力坡降hydrometer method 比重计法hydrostatic head method 常水头法limit equilibrium state 极限平衡状态liquefaction 液化liquid limit 液限liquidity index 液化指标maximum dry density 最大干密度method of sieving 筛分法Mohr's stress circle 莫力应力圆Mohr-coulomb failure criteria 莫尔-库伦破坏准则normal stress 法向应力（正应力）oedometer curve 压缩曲线optimum moisture content 最优含水量piping 管涌plastic limit 塑限plasticity index 塑性指标pore water pressure 空隙水压力porosity 空隙率principal stress 主应力Proctor compaction test 普氏击实试验relative density 相对密度sand replacement method 灌砂法saturability (saturation degree/percent saturation) 饱和度saturated unit weight 饱和容重seepage deformation 渗透变形seepage force(seepage pressure) 渗透力seepage line 渗透线seepage speed 渗透速度shear stress 切向应力（剪应力）shrinkage limit 缩限skip(gap/jump) grading 间断级配specific gravity of soil particle 土粒比重steady seepage field 稳定渗流场stress path 应力路径total strength envelope 总强度包线triaxial compression test 三轴压缩试验unconfined compression strength 无侧限抗压强度unconsolidated undrained test 不固结不排水剪（快剪）试验variable head method 变水头法void(pore) ratio 孔隙比water replacement method 灌水法wet density 湿密度其它建筑材料钢筋（steel ）bending and unbending 反复弯曲cold bending test 冷弯试验elongation test 拉伸试验nominal diameter 公称直径ratio of elongation 伸长率relaxation test 松弛试验steel strand 钢绞线tensile yield strength 拉伸屈服强度ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度木材（Wood）curshing strength paralled to the grain 顺纹抗压强度tensile strength paralled to thegrain 顺纹抗拉强度crushing strength across th egrain 横纹抗压强度tensile strength across to thegrain 横纹抗拉强度沥青（Asphalt）brittle temperature test 脆化点试验expansion test 延伸度试验penetration test 针入式试验softening point test 软化点试验test of aging 老化试验viscosity test 粘滞性试验质量管理（Quality Management）average 平均值deviation standard(error of mean squares) 均方差deviation coefficient(dispersion coefficient) 离差系数index of correlation 相关系数management limit 管理界限mathematic statistics 数理统计maximum 最大值minimum 最小值normal distribution 正态分布quality assurance 质量保证quality examination 质量检测regression curve 回归曲线relative dampness 相对湿度sample capacity 样本容量sampling frequency 取样频率specimen 样品statistical analysis 统计分析technical specification 技术规technical standard 技术标准testing circumstance 试验环境testing error 试验误差testing regulation 试验规程variance analysis 方差分析◆地质(Geology)地质年代（Geochronology of Geologic Ages）Archaeozoic era (erathem) 太古代（界）Proterozoic era (erathem) 元古代（界）Palaeozoic era (erathem) 古生代（界）Mesozoic era (erathem) 中生代（界）Cenozoic era (erathem) 新生代（界）Sinian period (system) 震旦纪（系）Cambrian period (system) 寒武纪（系）Ordovician period (system) 奥纪（系）Silurian period (system) 志留纪（系）Devonian period (system) 泥盘纪（系）Carboniferous period (system) 石碳纪（系）Permian period (system) 二叠纪（系）Triassic period (system) 三叠纪（系）Jurassic period (system) 侏罗纪（系）Cretaceous period (system) 白垩纪（系）Tertiary period (system) 第三纪（系）Quaternary period (system) 第四纪（系）地质构造（Geologic Structural）fault 断层normal fault 正断层reversed fault 逆断层parallel fault 平移断层gouge 断层泥stria 擦痕joint 节理primary joint 原生节理secondary joint 次生节理tension joint 节理unloading joint 卸荷节理schistosity 片理bedding 层理foliation 板理（叶理）ripple mark 波痕mud crack 泥痕rain print 雨痕orientation of bedrock 岩层产状strike 走向dip 倾向angle of dip (dip angle ) 倾角fold 褶皱anticline 背斜syncline 向斜Monocline (homocline) 单斜dome 穹隆soft stratum 软弱岩层zone of fracture(broken zone ) 破碎带affected zone 影响带platy structure 板状构造cleavage 解理fracture(rupture) 断裂fissure(crack/fracture) 裂隙岩石类型（Rock type）petrology 岩石学igneous rock 火成岩magmatic rock 岩浆岩lava(vocanic rock) 火山岩intrusive (invade) rock 侵入岩effusive rock 深成岩pypabussal rock 浅成岩acid rock 酸性岩inter-mediate rock 中性岩basic rock 基性岩ultrabasic rock 超基性岩granite 花岗岩porphyry 斑岩rhyolite 玢岩syenite 流纹岩trachyte 粗面岩diorite 闪长岩andesite 安山岩gabbro 辉长岩basalt 玄武岩aplite 细晶岩pegmatite 伟晶岩lamprophyre 煌斑岩diabase 辉绿岩dunite 橄榄岩pumice 浮岩sedimentary rock 沉积岩clastic rock 碎屑岩clay rock 黏土岩chemical rock 化学岩biolith 生物岩conglomerate 砾岩siltstone 粉砂岩mudstone 泥岩shale 页岩saline rock 盐岩limestone 石灰岩dolomite 白云岩marl 泥灰岩volcanic breccia 火山角砾岩volcanic agglomerate 火山块集岩tuff 凝灰岩metamorphic rock 变质岩slate 板岩phyllite 千枚岩schist 片岩gneiss 片麻岩quartzite 石英岩marble 岩mylonite 糜棱岩migmatite 混合岩cataclasite 碎裂岩sediment(deposit) 沉积物（层）boulder 漂石、顽石cobble 卵石gravel 砾石sand 砂siltstone 粉土clay 黏土sandy clay 砂质黏土clayey sand 粘质砂土sandy loam 壤土、亚黏土regolith ( topsoil ) 浮土、表土loess 黄土laterite 红土peat 泥炭ooze 软泥、海泥造岩矿物（Rock-forming Minerals）talc 滑石gypsum 石膏calcite 方解石fluorite 萤石apatite 磷灰石feldspar 长石quartz 石英topaz 黄玉corundum 刚玉diamand 金刚石orthoclase 正长石plagloclase 斜长石biotite 黑云母muscovite 白云母amphibole 角闪石phroxene 辉石olivine 橄榄石dolomite 白云石kaolinite 高岭石montmorillonite 蒙脱石bentonite 斑脱石、膨润土illite 伊力石garnet 石榴子石chlorite 绿泥石serpentine 蛇纹石pyrite 黄铁矿hematite 赤铁矿magnetite 磁铁矿limonite 褐铁矿工程地质（Engineering Geology）G eotechnics ( geotechnique) 土工学（土工技术、岩石工程）rock mechanics 岩石力学soil mechanics 土力学geomechanics 地质力学、岩石力学engineering geologicalconditons 工程地质条件engineering geological problem 工程地质问题rock mass structure 岩体结构geographic and geomorphic conditions 地形地貌条件geophysical phenomenon 物理地质现象hydrogeological conditions 水文地质条件natural materials 天然材料reservoir 水库settlement 沉降displacement 位移deformation 变形tectonic stress 构造应力residual stress 残余应力angle of internal friction 摩擦角cohesion 聚力（粘聚力、凝聚力）pressure tunnel 压力隧洞underground cavern/cavity 地下洞室overburden 覆盖物bed rock(base rock/foundation rock) 基岩firm/sound rock 坚硬岩石weak/soft rock 软弱岩石interbed 夹层zone of fracture (broken zones ) 破碎带homogeneity 均质性nonhomogeneity/heterogeneity 非均质性isotropy 各向同性anisotropy 各向异性矿物质的物理性质(Physical Character of Minerals)hardness 硬度luster 光泽color 颜色transparencey/pellucidity 透明度streak 条痕rent/fracture 断口crystal form 晶形岩石学(Petrology)classification 分类structure 构造应力texture 结构fabric 组构mineral composition 矿物组成crystalline 结晶质amorphous substance 非晶质fossil 化石degree of rounding 磨圆度degree of grains 粒度地层地貌(Stratum andPhysiognomy) basin 盆地river valley 河谷river bed 河床topography 地形terrain 地势attitude 产状rock base ( batholite) 岩基rock stock 岩株rock flow 岩流rock loccolith 岩盖rock lopolith 岩盆rock dike 岩墙rock sill 岩床vein dyke 岩脉sediment(deposit) 沉积物（层）alluvium 冲积物（层）proluvium(diluvium) 洪积物（层）deluvium 坡积物（层）eluvium 残积物（层）eolian deposit 风积物（层）lake deposit 湖积物（层）marine deposit 海积物（层）glacial (drift) deposit 冰川沉积物（层）colluvial deposit (colluvium) 崩积物（层）cross-bedding 交错层geologic structure 地质构造geotectonics 构造学graben 地堑horst 地垒cordance(conformity) 整合discordance(unconformity) 非整合deceptive cordance /conformity 假整合地质作用(Physical Geology Action) weathering 风化erosion 侵蚀transportation 搬运deposition/sediment 沉积denudation 剥蚀corrasion 磨蚀corrosion 腐蚀dissolution 溶蚀landslide 滑坡collapse(rock fall) 崩塌mud flow 泥石流earthquake 地震intensity 烈度magnitude 震级◆水文(Hydrology)ground water(subsurface water) 地下水surface water 地表水atmospheric water 大气水runoff 径流fresh /plain /sweet water 淡水river flow/discharge 河水流量peak flood flow 洪峰流量flood out flow 洪水下泄流量dry season 枯水季wet season 丰水季flood (raining) season 汛期non-flood season 非汛期5% frequency flood 20 年一遇洪水flood control 防汛（二）工程施工.机电类◆金属结构（Hydromechanical work)闸门(Gate)service gate 工作门emergency gate 事故门maintenance gate 检修门sector gate 弧形闸门eccentric hinge sector gate 偏心铰闸门plane gate 平面闸门fixed wheel plane gate 定轮平面闸门trashrack 拦污栅trash rake 清污机预埋件（Embedded Parts）sill 底砍main guide 主轨auxiliary guide 副轨reverse guide 反轨side guide 侧轨lintel 门楣steel liner 钢衬high pressure water pipe 高压冲水管pressure balance water pipe 冲水水平管组件/部件（Assembly/parts）gate leaf 门叶crank 拐臂arm 支撑seal 水封main seal 主水封side seal 侧水封top seal 顶水封bottom seal 底水封auxiliary seal 辅助水封、节流器clip plate 压板slide block 滑块side slide block 侧向滑块reverse slide block 反向滑块fixed wheel 定轮main wheel 主轮side wheel 侧轮ballast 配重lifting ear 吊耳lifting link 拉杆trunion 支饺hinge 铰链hinged support 饺座hinged shaft 铰轴cover 端盖trunion beam 支饺梁dogging beam 锁定梁启闭机（Hoist）wire rope hoist 固定卷扬式启闭机hydraulic hoist 液压启闭机monorail hoist 单轨启闭机overhead crane 桥机bridge crane 桥机support frame 机架reducer 减速器motor 电动机pulley 滑轮live pulley 动滑轮fixed pulley 定滑轮equalizer pulley 平衡滑轮drum 卷筒steel wire rope 钢丝绳position sensor 高度传感器load sensor 荷载传感器brake 制动器hydraulic system 液压系统oil cylinder 油缸piston rod 活塞杆pump station 泵站oil tankpipe 管道filter 过滤器accumulator 蓄能器valve 阀logic valve 逻辑阀check valve 单向阀ball valve 球阀cartridge valve 插装阀solenoid operated directional valve 电磁换向阀门式起重机（Grantry Crane）rail 轨道lifting mechanism 起升机构traveling mechanism 运行机构inspection trolley 检修小车gantry 门架support column 门腿primary beam 主梁bridge beam 横梁cross beam 端梁side beam 边梁lifting beam 起吊梁hook 吊狗buffer 缓冲装置rail clamping device 夹轨器driving wheel 主动轮driven wheel 从动轮其他（Others）abnormal vibration 反常震动activate 激活anti-clockwise 逆时针anticorrosion 防腐carry on 继续进行carry out 执行clockwise顺时针commissioning 试运行concentricity deviation 同心度偏差connect 连接debris 碎片de-energize 断电detect 探测dry test 无水试验dynamic loading test 动载试验energize 给……加电erection 架立expansion 伸展fasten 扣紧fit 安装flowing water 动水gate closure 闭门gate opening 启门gate position restoration 门位恢复idle test 空载试验impact 碰撞in pressure balance condition 平压条件下lift……into position 将……起吊到位locate 定位lower 降下manual operation 手动操作noise 噪声note 记录operating gap 运作空隙pack 衬垫particle 微粒perform 执行position accurately 精确定位precise 精确的pre-set 预留/预置press button 按下按钮progressively 逐渐地purity 纯度push 推reliable 可靠的residual oil 余油retraction 回缩run 运行secure 保护separately or simultaneously 单独/同时地set up 架设setting 设置/读数shim 薄垫片slack 松弛static loading test 静载试验still water 静水switch off 切断synchronize 同步tighten 拧紧under water head condition 水压作用条件下wet test 有水试验◆焊接和无损检验（Welding and Nondestructive Testing）焊接{Welding）arc strike 引弧/弧伤arc welding 电弧焊automatic welding 自动焊back gouging 背面清根backing 垫板base metal 母材build-up welding 堆焊/补焊butt joint 对接接头carbon rode 碳棒complete fusion 完全融合corner joint 角接接头covered electrode 涂料焊条coupon 试件direct current electrodenegative(DCEN) 直流电极接负direct current electrodepositive(DCEP) 直流电极接正double welding 双面焊double-bevel groove weld 双斜边坡口焊缝double-J groove weld 双面J 型坡口焊缝double-U groove weld 双面U型坡口焊缝double-Vee groove weld 双面V 型坡口焊缝electrode 焊条/电极electrode holder 焊钳electrosgas welding 电气焊electroslag welding 电渣焊filler metal 填充金属fillet weld 角焊缝full fillet weld 大填角焊缝flat welding 平焊flux 焊剂flux cored arc welding 药芯焊丝弧焊forehand welding 左焊法friction welding 摩擦焊full penetration weld 全融透焊缝fusion 熔合fusion line 熔合线groove weld 坡口焊缝heat affecter zone 热影响区horizontal welding 横焊lap joint 搭接接头machine welding 机器焊manual welding 手工焊overhead welding 仰焊oxyfuel gas cutting(OFC) 氧燃料气割oxyfuel gas welding(OFW) 氧燃料气焊partial penetration weld 非全融透焊缝pass 焊道peening 锤击plasma arc welding 等离子弧焊plug weld 塞焊porosity 气孔postheating 后热postweld heat treatment 焊后热处理preheating 预热resistance welding 电阻焊seal weld 密封焊缝seam welding 缝焊semi-automatic welding 半自动焊single-bevel groove weld 单斜边坡口焊缝single-J groove weld 单面J 型坡口焊缝single-U groove weld 单面U型坡口焊缝single-Vee groove weld 单面V型坡口焊缝slag inclusion 夹渣spot welding 点焊square groove weld 直坡口焊缝submerged arc welding 埋弧焊tack welding 定位焊undercut 咬边vertical welding 立焊weld head 焊道weldment 焊件无损检验（Nondestructive Testing）angled beam 斜射波back scatter 背散射calibration block 校准试块cleaning agent 清洗剂contact beam 接触波couplaut 偶合剂crimp 褶皱definition 清晰度delayed sweep 延时扫描detergent 去污剂developer 显像剂double-wall viewing 双壁透照echo 回波eddy current examination 涡流检验emulsifier 乳化剂examination medium 检验介质exposure 暴光inage quality indicator 象质显示器inspector 检验师liquid penetrants testing 渗液检验magnetic particle testing 磁粉检验mass spectrometer 质普仪nondestructive inspection 无损探伤penetrameter 透度计penetrant 渗透剂radiographic testing 射线检验scan 扫描scratch 划痕search unit 探头single-wall viewing 单壁透照sniffer 嗅探器straight beam 直射波streak 条纹ultrasonic instrument 超声仪ultrasonic testing 超声波检验visual testing 目测、外观检验wheel search unit 轮式探头X-ray machine X-射线仪◆水轮机（Hydraulic Turbine）hydraulic turbine 水轮机reaction turbine 反击式水轮机impulse turbine 冲击式水轮机francis turbine 混流式水轮机axial turbine 轴流式水轮机prototype turbine 原型水轮机rated head 额定水头effective head 有效水头net head 净水头maximal head 最大水头minimal head 最小水头spiral case 蜗壳stay ring 座环wicket gate 导叶main shaft 主轴shaft seal 主轴密封coupling flange 连接法兰runner 转轮runner crown 转轮上冠runner band 转轮下环runner cone 转轮泄水锥runner blade/bucket 转轮叶片head cover 顶盖bottom ring 底环discharge ring 基础环draft tube 尾水管draft tube cone 尾水锥管draft tube elbow 尾水肘管governor 调速器governor cubicle/cabinet 调速器柜oil pressure tank/vessel 压力油罐oil sump tank 回油箱gate ring 控制环distributor 导水机构shear pin 剪断销ring gate 筒形阀servomotor 接力器efficiency 效率output 出力discharge 流量sir admission system 补气系统vortex 涡流检验special tool 专用工具auxiliary equipment 辅助设备damper/absorber/cushion 减震器、阴尼器runout 摆度water hammer 水击guide bearing 导轴承operation condition 运行工况opening 开度cavitation 空蚀erosion resistant coating 抗磨涂层load 负荷inertia 惯性flywheel effect 飞轮效应time constant 时间常数mandoor 进入门pit liner 机坑里衬elastic layer 弹性垫层turbine pit 机坑feedback 反馈main distributing valve 主配压阀solenoid 线圈relay 继电器transfer function 传递函数◆机械通用词汇abrasion performance 耐磨性abrasion test 磨耗试验accessory 附件、配件、零件accuracy 准确性、精度anti-corrosion 抗蚀balance test 平衡试验bearing 轴承bearing box 轴承箱bearing bush 轴瓦、轴套bearing carrier 轴承座bearing collar 轴承环、推力头bearing cover 轴承盖bearing journal 轴颈bend 弯头bend radius 弯曲半径bending strength 抗弯强度bolt 螺栓bore 钻孔bore machine 镗床brake valve 制动阀by-pass 旁通callipers 卡尺cardan shaft 万向轴cast 铸造characteristic test 特性试验chock 楔子、垫块clamp 卡头、夹板clearing of fault 故障排除clip 夹具、钳coat 涂层correction value 矫正值cottor pin 开口销coupling flange 联结法兰damping device 缓冲装置deflection 挠度density 密度derusting 除锈descale 除垢deviation 偏差dial 刻度盘dial gauge 千分尺distort 变形dowel pin (setpin) 定位销eccentric cam 偏心凸轮eccentric pin 偏心销eccentricity 偏心、偏心率、偏心度elastic bearing 弹性轴承elastic deformation 弹性变形elastic limit 弹性极限facility 设备、设施factory assembly 工厂装配fashioned iron 型钢feed pipe 供水管female end 止口field welding 现场焊缝finish 表面光洁度、精加工fitting allowance 装配公差fitting assembling 零件装配fitting face 配合面flange 法兰flatness 平整度flaw 缺陷flexibility 挠性、柔性forge 锻造foundation 基础friction 摩擦gauge 规、计、表gear 齿轮globe valve 球阀grade 等级hardness 硬度heat treatment 热处理interface 分界面、接触面、接口joint接头、接缝、连接、焊接joint face 结合面、接缝面lubricant 润滑剂、润滑材料lubrication circuit 润滑管道lubrication oil 润滑油machine 机加工machine tool 机床male end 外止口monkey wrench 活动扳手nail 钉子nipple 管接头nut 螺母o-ring O 形环operating condition 运行情况pretreatment 预处理process 流程、工艺screw cap 螺帽spigot 套管、止口stroke 行程valve 阀门verticality 垂直度washer 垫圈wedge 楔子板◆电气设备及元器件（Electrical Equipment & Element Parts）generator 发电机motor 电动机3-phase squirrel-cage asynchronous motor 三相鼠笼式电动机3-phase wind asynchronous 三相绕线式电动机motor armature 电枢brush 电刷coil 线圈、绕组energizing coil 励磁线圈stator 定子stator core 定子铁芯stator winding 定子绕组rotator 转子transformer 变压器isolating transformer 隔离变压器mutual inductor 互感器current transformer(CT) 电流互感器potential transformer(PT) 电压互感器high-voltage equipment 高压电器breaker 断路器isolating switch 隔离开关bushing 套管insulator 绝缘子suspended insulator 悬式绝缘子column-type insulator 支柱绝缘子reactor 电抗器capacitor 电容器lightning rod 避雷针（器）low-voltage electric appliance 低压电器knife switch 刀开关fuse 熔断器automatic switch 自动开关contactor 接触器contact 触点constant close contact 常闭触点constant open contact 常开触点starter 启动器overtravel-limit switch 行程开关changeover switch 转换开关controller 控制器resistor 电阻器light resistor 光敏电阻varistor 变阻器electromagnet 电磁铁bus 母线。
水利水电工程专业英语英文词汇
水利水电工程专业英语英文词汇strain meter 应变计set out 放线、放样stake-line temperature sensor 温度传感器测桩线state plane coordinate system 国家平面坐标集线站terminal station其他（Others）系survey point 测点check hole 检查孔theoretical point 灌区理论点compartmenttraverse(polygon) 导线（测dense mix 浓浆量）、横断error of traverse 导线闭合差foundation uplift 基础隆起lattice traverse 网格状导线灌浆孔grout holelong side traverse instrument hole 仪器孔长导线open traverse 非闭合primary/secondary and tertiary grout holes 一导线short side traverse 短导线序、二序、三序灌浆孔traverse closure 导线闭合加密灌浆孔距spilt spacingtraverse station 导线点waste mix 弃浆traverse survey 导线测量Survey◆测量（）triangulation 测量方法及术语（Methods and Terms）三角测量triangulation network 三角网调整校正adjust 、triangulation of high order 高等级三角网adjustment 平差triangulation point 容许误差allowance 三角点三边测量backsight point 后视点trilateration程控制网basic point 基础点vertical-control net 高bench mark 水准点木桩wood pile Angular Measure）角度测量（compass 罗盘azimuth 方位角chainage(station number) 桩号象限角bearing 方位三角锁chain of triangulation 、器、水准buddle 、check 校核对照气泡圆盘circle 度盘、控制control point 点器圆水坐标点coordinate point 准circular bubbledatum 基础面轴视准collimation axis点基datum point 准十字丝cross-line(cross-hair)偏差depression angle 俯角deviationeasily identifiable point elevation angle 仰角点容易识别eyepiece(ocular) error 误差目镜量field pole(staff) 标杆一等三角测first order triangulationgeodetic foot-screw 学的大地测量脚螺栓量geodetic surveying 大地测水平角horizontal angle量合联测）mark 标志（明joint survey已知点known point 物镜objective lens面水level surface 准垂线铅垂、plumb(plummet)局local triangulation networks 准、观测sight 瞄部三角网准瞄target 国national coordination system 家坐标网目标、监视观测observe 、纬仪theodolite 经point to be located 待定点横轴tranverse axistripod 三脚架置位、定位position踏勘、选点reconnaissance 竖直角vertical angle参考点reference point vertical axis 竖轴量二等三角测second order triangulation Telescope望远镜（）1centering 对中reduced level 归化高差run back 返测盘左face leftrun out 往测face right 盘右three-wire leveling 三丝法水准focus 集中、焦点测量地形测量（T opographic Survey focusing 调焦）boundary 边界、界线index error 指标误差inverted position of telescope(reverse construction stake 施工标桩contour 等高线盘右telescope)倒镜、normal position of telescope(direct telescope)contour interval 等高距contouring 绘等高线、正镜盘右contour-length method 光学垂准器等高线延长法optical plummetcontour line 等高线round 测回control network 控制网set 套、组detail 细部、详图station 测站draw 绘图距离测量（Distance Measure）field 外业气barometer 压计fix 固定、确定base line(basic line/datum line) 基线form line 地形图电battery 池EDM(electromagnetic distance measurement) grid 格网information 注记、资料、情报电磁波测距marginal information 轮廓注记滤波器滤光片filter 、large-scale 大比例尺的laser alignment system 激光准直系统latitude 纬度、范围laser beam 激光束latitude circle 纬圈prism 棱镜latitude line range 纬线距离测程、legend 图例long range 远程location 定线、程medium range 中定位longitude 经short range 短程度longitude line 测距仪经线range findermap signal 地图、制图信号mapping 制图、测spring balance 弹簧称图、地质素描match line 拼接线卷尺tapemonument 标石invar tape 铟瓦钢卷尺、石柱object 高程测量（Height Measurement地物、目标）plan 程、高海拔平面图、略图altitude/elevationplot 近似approximate leveling 置绘图粗平平、profile 断面（图）、纵剖图准自动定平水automatic level 仪difference in altitude(difference of record 记录、资料setup 定置elevation ,height difference) 高差仪器site location error of closure in leveling 差合闭准定位水stakeout 放样、定线平置、精平exact leveling 确、立桩symbol 仪（测点）准水level 符号、记号topographic detail 水level circuit 地形细部环合准闭topographic map 地形图尺垫准水level shoe◆原形观测观测仪器和设施线路准水line of level {Instrumentationand Facilities）国national geodetic vertical datum 家大地高air-entraining meter 面准基程掺气剂2Carlson-type piezometer 卡尔逊式渗压计component 零部件coordinator 坐标仪concrete strain meter 砼应变计damping box 阻尼角convergent point 收敛测点differential resistance direct plumb line 正垂线差动电阻double layer rubber sleeve earth pressure cell 土压力盒双层保护forced centering plate 强制embankment piezometer 坝体渗压计对中盘instrument lead 仪器电堤应变计缆embankment strain meter invar wire 铟瓦丝extended wire 引张线metal ring 计金属环foundation piezometer 基础渗压plumb coordinate meter horizontal inclinometer 水平测斜仪垂线坐标仪pulley 滑轮hydraulic instrument 水力学仪器regulator 调节器水听器hydrophoneriser 立管inclinometer casing 测斜管sensor interface joint meter 界面变位传感器计spool inverted plumb line 倒垂线绕轴steel socket 钢micro piezometer 微压计底座tablet 多点位移计药片multiple position extensometertensioning weight 张拉重锤observation point 观测标点thermistor 热敏电observation well 观测井阻tip 测头视optical alignment line 准线安装过程（Procession of Installation）plate strain meter 钢板计assemble 组装pneumatic piezometer 气压式渗压计couple 连接脉动压力pressure fluctuation meter 计prestressed tendon anchorage 埋设embed安装install 索dynamometer 预应力锚测力计绝缘insulate rock bolt extensometer 锚杆测力计维护计single point extensometer 单点位移maintenancespiral sensor 测扭仪监测monitor测压standpipe 管仪器保护protection of instrumentation归纳reduce 强震仪strong-motion seismograghsurface monument 表密封seal 面标点拼接temperature sensor 温度传感器splice提供终端房terminal house supplyterminal station 终端站测试testInformation资料（倾角tilt meter 计）简图计时均压力time average pressure cell assemble schematic 装配合格证书总压力盒total pressure cell certificate书说计velometer 流速使用明descriptionvertical inclinometer 垂直测斜仪维护指南maintenace guideline书震旋式渗压vibrating wire piezometer 计manual 说明振旋式沉降vibrating wire settlement sensor 理工作原operating principle 作仪范围operating restraint 操序procedure 水堰量的带微压weir with micro piezometer 计程程基点工作working base point 序分trouble shooting procedure 鼓掌析zerostress-strain meter 其他（Others）计砼无应力间）Acessories and Spare Parts附件及配件（行annular space 环空coil data acquisition 盘绕数据采集 3cement mark(strength of cement /cement 数据记录datarecordinggrade) 水泥标号leas drilling hole 引线孔consumptive use of water normal consistance 永久记录permanent record 标准稠度用水readout device 读数设备量degree of mobilization 流动性saturated 饱和的dissolution heat ( solution heat ) 溶解热seepage isolation dike 截渗堤final set trapezoidal 梯形终凝flexural strength 抗弯强度◆水工常规试验flyash 粉煤灰砼原材料试验（Test of Raw and Processedhydration heat 水化热Material of Concrete）initial set Aggregate）初凝骨料（abrasion volume by Los Angeles rattler loss on ignition(ignition loss) 烧矢量setting time 凝结时量间洛杉机磨耗silica fume 计accumulated retained percentage 累筛余百硅粉soundness 水泥的安定性分率specific surface area 比表acicular and flaky grain in aggregate 针状与面积specific heat 量片状颗粒含比热water demand ratio 吸水alkali-aggregate reaction 碱骨料反应量比外加剂（Admixture）视密度apparent densitybubble stability 泡沫稳定性bulk density (unity weight) 容重clay lumps and friable particles in aggregate bubbling ability 起泡能力chloride content 氯化物含量块及易碎颗粒含土量黏compressive strength rate 抗压强度比软化系数coefficient of softeningcontract with dry rate crush index 压碎指标干缩率dispersing coefficient 干燥状态dry state 分散系数dispersing ability of waterexceeding and inferior grain in-reducing agent 减水剂aggregate 超逊径颗粒含量分散能力loss of slump 塌落度损失细度模数fineness modulussulphate content 硫酸盐含空隙率量gaping place ratesolid content 分计grader retained percentage 筛余百固体含分率量surface tension 颗粒级grain composition 配表面张力water-reducing rate 减水率粒径grain size水（Water）量lightweight matter in aggregate 轻物质含alkalinity 碱度量云母含mica contentcalcion 含水率钙离子moisture content(water rate)carbonic acid mud content 钙酸含泥量chlorion 有机质含organic content 量氯离子equivalent concentration 骨料潜在活性potential reactivity of aggregate 当量浓度oxygen consumption saturation 饱和的耗氧量normal solution (standard 曲线筛sieving curve 分solution) 量soft grain in aggregate 软弱骨料含标准溶液PH value PH坚固性值soundnesswater analysis 水值面含水率表surface moisture content 分析砼（水溶性硫化物water-soluble sulphide Concrete）砼拌和物（水硬性胶凝材料Mixture(Hydraulicity cementitious ）material) assurance strength of concrete 砼保证强度bleeding rate age 泌水率龄期4cement-sand ration 灰砂比砂浆（Cement）cement lime mortar 标号水泥石灰砂浆design strength of concrete 砼设计cement mortar 水泥砂浆flowability of concrete 砼的流动性cement-clay mortar 水泥黏土mix proportion (proportion ofmixture) 砼配合砂浆epoxy mortar 环氧砂浆比lime mortar 石灰砂浆mixture uniformity 拌和物的均匀性plastering mortar 抹面砂浆penetration-obstruction method 贯入阻力法pointing joint mortar probability of ensuring strength of concrete 砼勾缝砂浆土（Soil强度保证率）accumulation curve (cumulative curve) 累砂率sand rate 计曲线单位用水量unit consumption of wateractivity index 活性指标water retention (water retentiveness) 保水性angle of frictionwater-cement ratio 摩擦角水灰比Atterberg limits(water content as limit) Hardened concrete 阿）硬化砼（太堡界限（界限含水量axial tensile strength 轴向抗拉强度）California bearing ratio 导热系数载重比coefficient of thermal conductivitycoarse-grained soil cooling rate 冷却率粗粒土coefficient of compressibility 压缩系数砼芯样core of concrete coefficient of cubical徐变变creep deformation (time deformation )compressibility 体积压缩系数形coefficient of curvature 曲率系数form coefficient(form factor) 形状系数compression 压缩freezing -melting circulation 冻融循环compression index frost-resistance mark 抗冻标号压缩指数compression modulus 压缩模数砼热学性能heat property of concreteconsolidated-undrained (quick) shear test height-diameter ration 高径比固结不排水剪（固结快剪）试验linear expansion coefficient 线膨胀系数consolidated-drained (slow) shear test loss of weight 重量损失固结不排水剪（慢剪）试验自振频率natural frequency consolidation 固结permeate 渗透consolidation coefficient 透permeated height 渗高度固结系数consolidation settlement 固结沉降permeated-resisting mark 抗渗标号consolidation stress 系固结应力透relative coefficient of permeability 相对渗continuous grading/gradation 连接级配数contraction test(shrinkage test) 收缩试验振频率共resonance frequencycore cutter method sample 试环刀法件creep curve self-grown volume deformation（砼）蠕变曲线自生体积critical slope 变形逸出坡降（临界坡降）Darcy's law 达西定律劈裂抗拉强度splitting tensile strengthdegree of consolidation 固结度static compressive modulus of elasticity 静力degree of free swelling 自由膨胀率抗压弹数direct shear test 导温系数直接剪切试验temperature conductivity direct shear test of reiteration 反复直剪强度试抗拉弹性模tensile modulus of elasticity 量验绝热温升thermal insulation warmingdistribution curve 分极限拉应变ultimate tensile strain 布曲线drift soil (shifting soil/mass flow) 极限抗拉强度ultimate tensile strength 流土effective angle of inner friction 有效内摩擦角磨损率wear rate effective strength envelope 有效强度抗冲磨强度wear-resisting strength 包线5expansion force 膨胀力剪（快剪）试验variable head method 变水头法expansion ration(specificexpansion) 膨胀率void(pore) ratio 孔隙比渗流filtering flow(seepage flow)water replacement method 灌水法fine-grained soil 细粒土wet density 湿密度flow net(drift net) 流网其它建筑材料hydraulic slope 水力坡降钢筋（steel hydrometer method 比重计法）bending and unbending 反常水头法复弯曲hydrostatic head methodcold bending test 冷弯试验limit equilibrium state 极限平衡状态elongation test 拉伸试验liquefaction 液化nominal diameter 公称直径liquid limit 液限ratio of elongation liquidity index 液化指标伸长率relaxation test maximum dry density 最大干密度松弛试验steel strand 钢绞线method of sieving 筛分法tensile yield strength 拉伸屈服强度Mohr's stress circle 莫力应力圆ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度库伦破坏Mohr-coulomb failure criteria 莫尔-Wood）准则木材（curshing strength paralled to the normal stress 法向应力（正应力）oedometer curve 顺纹抗压强度grain 压缩曲线tensile strength paralled to the 量optimum moisture content 最优含水顺纹抗拉强度涌piping 管graincrushing strength across th e plastic limit 塑限横纹抗压强度grain plasticity index 塑性指标tensile strength across to the 空隙水压力pore water pressure空隙率porosity 横纹抗拉强度grainprincipal stress 主）沥青（应力Asphalt脆化点试验Proctor compaction test 普氏击实试验brittle temperature test 相对密度relative density 延伸度试验expansion testsand replacement method 灌砂法针入式试验penetration test saturability (saturation degree/percent 软化点试验softening point testtest of aging saturation) 饱和度老化试验viscosity test 饱和容重saturated unit weight 粘滞性试验Quality Management透seepage deformation 渗变形）质量管理（average 力渗seepage force(seepage pressure) 透平均值deviation standard(error of mean 透渗seepage line 线均方差squares) 速度渗seepage speed 透deviationcoefficient(dispersion shear stress 切向应力（剪应力）离差系数缩限shrinkage limit coefficient)断级间skip(gap/jump) grading 配相关系数index of correlation土specific gravity of soil particle 粒比重界限management limit 管理steady seepage field 统计数稳定渗流场mathematic statistics 理maximum 应力路径stress path 最大值值minimum 最线包总强度total strength envelope 小布三轴压缩试验triaxial compression test 正态分normal distributionunconfined compression strength 保证量quality assurance 无侧限抗压质量强度检测质quality examinationunconsolidated undrained test regression curve 不固结不排水回归曲线 6relative dampness 相对湿度mud crack 泥痕rain print 雨痕本容量sample capacity 样orientation of bedrock 岩层产状sampling frequency 取样频率strike specimen 样品走向dip 倾向统计分析statistical analysisangle of dip (dip angle ) 倾角technical specification 技术规范fold technical standard 褶皱技术标准anticline testing circumstance 试验环境背斜syncline 向斜testing error 试验误差Monocline (homocline) 单斜testing regulation 试验规程dome 穹隆析variance analysis 方差分soft stratum ◆地质(Geology)软弱岩层zone of fracture(broken zone ) 破碎带地质年代（Geochronology of Geologicaffected zone Ages）影响带platy structure 板状构造Archaeozoic era (erathem) 太古代（界）解理cleavage Proterozoic era (erathem) 元古代（界）fracture(rupture) 断裂古生代（界）Palaeozoic era (erathem)fissure(crack/fracture) 裂隙Mesozoic era (erathem) 中生代（界））岩石类型（Rock typeCenozoic era (erathem) 新生代（界）岩石学petrology Sinian period (system) 震旦纪（系）岩igneous rock 火成寒武纪（系）Cambrian period (system)Ordovician period (system) 奥陶纪（系）岩浆岩magmatic rock火山岩lava(vocanic rock) 志留纪（系）Silurian period (system) 侵入岩intrusive (invade) rock Devonian period (system) 泥盘纪（系）成石碳纪（系）Carboniferous period (system) 岩effusive rock 深成岩pypabussal rock 二叠纪（系）Permian period (system) 浅三叠纪（系）acid rock 酸性岩Triassic period (system) 侏罗纪（系）Jurassic period (system) 中性岩inter-mediate rock基性岩basic rock Cretaceous period (system) 白垩纪（系）第Tertiary period (system) 三纪（系）超基性岩ultrabasic rock 第Quaternary period (system) 四纪（系）花岗岩granite斑岩Geologic Structural地质构造（）porphyryrhyolite 玢岩断层faultsyenite normal fault 正断层流纹岩逆断层reversed fault trachyte 粗面岩diorite parallel fault 平移断层闪长岩andesite 安山岩断层泥gouge擦痕stria 辉长岩gabbrojoint 理节玄武岩basaltprimary joint 理原生节细晶岩aplitesecondary joint 理次生节pegmatite 伟晶岩tension joint lamprophyre 煌斑岩理张节diabase 理卸荷节unloading joint 辉绿岩理片schistosity 橄榄岩dunite理层bedding pumice 浮岩）理（叶理板foliation 沉积岩sedimentary rock波痕ripple mark clastic rock 碎屑岩7clay rock 黏土岩quartz 石英topaz 黄玉chemical rock 化学岩corundum 刚玉biolith 生物岩diamand 金刚石砾岩conglomerate。
水利水电工程专业英语——水电站与水轮机篇
水利水电工程专业英语——水电站与水轮机篇1. Energy and Power of Water Flow1. 水流的能量和功率As may be recalled from mechanics of fluids, the energy and power of a quantity of water in steady flow from A to B can be determined using Bernoulli ’s theorem for specific energy. From the principle of conservation of energy it follows that the energy e A at A equals the energy e B at B plus the energy e AB released as the water flows from A to B . Assuming that the weight of the water is 1N, Bernoulli ’s equation, which in effect expresses the law of conservation of energy, may then be written asZ A +P A ρg +a A V A22g =Z B +P B ρg +a B V B22g +e AB （1）回顾流体力学，可以使用伯努利定理的比能来确定从A 到 B 的一定量的稳定水流的能量和功率。
根据能量守恒定律，A 点的能量e A 等于B 点的能量e B 加上水流从A 到B 的能量损失e AB 。
假设水体的质量是1N ，那么实际上表述能量守恒的伯努利方程可以写作：Z A +P A ρg +a A V A22g =Z B +P B ρg +a B V B22g +e AB （1）Where Z A and Z B are respectively the elevations above a datum plane O -O of the centers of gravity of the stream cross sections at A and B (m), P A and P B are respectively the pressures at the centers of gravity of the cross sections at A and B (Pa), ρ is the water density (kgm -3), V A and V B are respectively the average velocities of water at A and B(ms -1), g is the free fall accelerations (ms -2), and a A and a B are numerical coefficients accounting for a non-uniform velocity distribution over the cross sections (they are always larger than unity and generally range between 1.03 and 1.1).其中Z A 和Z B 分别表示A 和B 处水流断面重心在基准面O -O 以上的高程（m ），P A 和 P B 分别是A 和B 处水流断面重心的压力（Pa ），ρ是水的密度（kgm -3），V A 和 V B 分别是A 和B 处水的平均速度（ms -1），g 是自由落体加速度，且a A 和a B 是考虑断面非均匀分布速度的数字系数（它们通常比单位的大，且通常范围为1.03-1.1）。
水力机械(水轮机、水泵等)专用词汇术语解释及汉英对照
水力机械(水轮机、水泵等）专用词汇术语解释及汉英对照1内容和用途水轮机、水泵等动力机械的专用术语。
适用于制订标准，编写和翻译手册、教材、书刊以及图纸设计等用途。
2基本术语2.1水力机械hydraulic machinery实现水流机械能和固体机械能之间互相转换的机械。
2.2水轮机hydraulic turbine把水流能量转换成旋转机械能的水力机械。
2.3蓄能泵storage pump抽水蓄能电站中将水从下游提升至上游的水泵。
2.4水泵水轮机reversible turbine，pump-turbine既可作水轮机运行又可作蓄能泵运行的水力机械，亦称可逆式水轮机。
2.5旋转方向direction of rotation从发电机轴端看到的转轮［叶轮］的旋转方向。
贯流式水轮机则从上游向下游方向看水泵水轮机的旋转方向取水轮机工况的旋转方向。
2.6机组unit用于发电或抽水蓄能的水力机械和电机的组合装置。
2.7水轮机进口测量断面inlet measuring section of turbine测量水轮机进口水流能量的断面。
2.8水轮机出口测量断面outlet measuring section of turbine测量水轮机出口水流能量的断面。
2.9蓄能泵进口测量断面inlet measuring section of storage pump靠近吸水管或蓄能泵壳进口处的商定断面。
2.10蓄能泵出口测量断面outlet measuring section of storage pump对于开敞式排流渠道，为靠近蓄能泵出口处的商定断面；对于封闭管道，为排水阀上游靠近蓄能泵压水室处的商定断面。
2.11高压测量断面high pressure measuring section水轮机进口测量断面与蓄能泵出口测量断面。
2.12低压测量断面low pressure measuring section水轮机出口测量断面与蓄能泵进口测量断面。
多语种水力机械词汇：中、英、德水电站水力机械分类
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水电站中英词汇
厂区枢纽hydroproject电站厂房powerhouse引水工程Headrace works进水口工程Water intake works拌合系统mixing system风、水、电系统Wind, water and power system引水渠Headrace channel导流渠Diversion channel输水渠/洞conveyance channel/tunnel施工供风系统Ventilation system for construction施工供水/电系统water/power supply system for construction 主厂房power house副厂房auxiliary rooms施工生产区Construction operation area营地camp工地试验室field laboratory前池forebay围堰cofferdam挡土墙retaining wall分水堰diversion weir沉沙池sedimentation basin冲沙/砂洞flushing sluice交通洞access tunnel绞车房hoist house卷扬机室/房winch house闸门启闭机室gate hoist house进水口water intake尾水渠tailrace泄水孔discharge orifice开关站switch station桥涵bridge and culvert引水隧洞headrace tunnel灌浆grouting洞挖tunnel excavation支洞adit主爆孔main blasthole缓冲孔cushion hole调压洞surge chamber调压井Surge shaft自流排水gravity drainage机械抽排pump drainage扫尾工程Closeout works加工厂workshop金结metal structures砂石(骨料) aggregate沥青asphalt压力钢管penstock钢支撑Steel bracing支护support混凝土养护curing外加剂additive配合比mix proportion/ratio横道(图) Gantt chartKAUGEL坝/堰址KAUGEL dam/weir site选址方案locality plan电站power station径流式水电站Run-of-river hydroelectric station 测绘mapping三根岔管trifurcation pieces。
水利工程常用机械英语词汇
sand blasting machine，喷砂枪
shaping machine，刨床
sharpening machine，磨钻机
shield circular saw bench，手工电弧焊
stationary circular saw bench，固定圆锯平台
conveyor belt，输送代
dump truck，自卸卡车
fire engine，消防车
flat bed trailer，平板拖车
front dumper，前自卸车
front tipper，前翻斗车
fuel tank，油罐车
loader，装载机
loader for shafts，竖井用装运机
special compactor，专门压土机
tamping foot vibratory roller，羊足碾
vibration plate compactor，平板振动碾压机
vibration roller，振动碾
材料加工机械
hand saw，带锯
bar bending machine，弯筋机
backhoe，反铲
breaker hammer，jet hammer手风钻
bulldozer，推土机
clamshell，抓铲
climbing platform，升降平台
column drill，架式风钻
crawler excavator，履带式挖掘机
down-hole drill，潜孔钻
explosive truck，炸药车
face shovel，正铲
hand drill，手钻
多语种水力机械词汇：中、英、德水电站水力机械参数
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水轮机常用英语词汇
水轮机常用英语词汇A安装高程setting elevation安全阀safe valve安装图wiring layout Installation diagram按合同in accordance with contractB布置图arrangement plan比转速specific speed比例增益proportional gain补气air admission air supply补气装置air supply device电压器transformer本图只供电站设计时参考this drawing is for design reference 备用16件spare parts 16 pieces标准件standard components不可调式水力机械non-regulated hydraulic machineryC冲击式水轮机impuls turbine操作架crosshead初生空化系数incipient cavitation factor初始压力initial pressure尺寸图dimensional drawing××尺寸暂定the measurements of ××is tentative 出厂workshop初步设计preliminary design侧视Side-view测速装置speed senser测压管pipe of measuring pressure测频单元frequency senser厂房地平groundD导水机构distributor垫圈washer顶盖headcover top cover底环bottom ring导水机构distributor导叶guide vane导叶臂guide vane lever rocker arm导叶连杆~ link导叶过载保护器~ overload protection device导叶止推轴承~ thrust bearing导叶轴承~ bearing导叶轴guide vane shaft导叶销guide vane pin导叶轴套guide vane bushings导叶轴密封~ stem seal导叶端面密封~ end seal导叶立面密封~ seal导叶限位块~ stop block导叶接力器individual ~导轴承guide bearing导叶轴压盖the gland of guide Vane shaft导流盖diversion cover导流部分diversion part大气压atmospheric pressure电机motor低压力under pressure调查报告report of investigation电液调速器electro-hydraulic governor电液转换器/电液伺服electro-hydraulic transducer/servovalve 低压机组LV units电源electricity supply电压voltage电流current（主）断路器（main）circuit breaker地脚孔anchor bolt hole地钩fixation hook地脚螺栓foundation bolt吊环螺钉lifting eye screw吊环rings吊钩lift hook镀锌管galvanized pipe电站预埋embedded by power station电站配割焊welding and cutting电站自行设计designed by power station电站自备power station self-provided丁氰橡胶thiakol rubber单耳止动弹圈one ear stop spring coil灯泡式水轮机bulb turbine蝶阀butterfly valveE额定rated峨眉山市驰骋机械Emeishan Chicheng Machinery Co.,Ltd二期混泥土Second ConcreteF反击式水轮机reaction turbine分半键split key飞逸runaway speed飞逸特性曲线runaway speed curve分段关闭装置step closing device辅助接力器auxiliary servomotor辅助设备auxiliary equipment封面surface plot负载on load辅助常闭auxiliary normally close封水座seal block（pedestal of seal water）封水装置seal water devise发电机出风道generator vents方向自定direction customised方头短圆柱锥端紧定螺钉square set screws with short dog point and cone end放水阀drain valve放水旋塞drain cock放水管盖offlet cover发电机generatorG孤立运行isolated operation工作油压operating oil pressure工作油压上限/下限upper /lower limit of operating oil pressure功率（表）power（meter）工况operating condition固定导叶stay vane固定盘fixed plate贯流式水轮机tubular turbine工程竣工图completion drawing规范Specification盖形螺母cap nut钢steel钢垫steel liners钢背复合自润滑材料steel backing compositeself-lubricating material管路部分pipe sectionH混流式水轮机Francis turbine蝴蝶阀butterfly valve缓冲装置damping device缓冲器dashpot缓冲装置时间常数time constant of damping device电气缓冲electrical damper焊接welding后盖板back cover回油箱oil sump tankJ接力器servomotor接力器行程servomotorst roke接力器最短关闭时间minimum servomoter closing time 机坑里衬pit liner接管connecting pipe径向力radial force机械效率mechanical efficiency绝对压力absolute pressure加权平均水头weighted average head净水头net head进水管water inlet进人门mandoor检修密封stand still seal剪断销shear pin基础环foundation ring机组unit技术设计technical design机械液压调速器mechanical hydraulic governor截止阀globe valve减压板decompression plate接地栓grounding spigot静态特性static characteristic加速时间常数derivative time constantK可调式水力机械regulated hydraulic machinery可调油轴承adjustable oil bearing控制环regulating ring抗磨板facing plates抗磨滑块wear slider block空化cavitation空蚀cavitation erosion空化系数cavitation factor开关保险丝switch-fuse空气开关air-operated switch扩大初步设计enlarging preliminary design开度限制机构opening limit mechanism空载no-load可控硅SCR开槽圆柱头螺钉slotted pan head screwL漏油箱leak oil tank流量discharge力特性force character临界空化系数critical cavitation factor联轴螺栓couping bolt连杆link连杆装配link assembly立式机组vertical unit励磁屏excitation screen螺母nut连板铜套copper cover with plate六角薄螺母hexagon thin nut六角头螺栓hexagon headed bolt螺尾锥销nut tail cone pin螺旋扣turnbuckle（尾水管）拉钩the drag hook of （tail water）拉环suspension link拉板pulling plate连接法兰coupling flangeM埋入部件embedded component摩擦装置friction device毛水头gross head目录list明细表order sheet灭磁de-excitation面板panel密封环sealing ringN内螺纹旋塞阀internal-thread plug valve内接头internal-thread connecting tubeOO型密封圈O-seal ringP平板蝶阀biplane butterfly valve through flow butterfly valve平键key旁通阀by-pass valve盘形阀mushroom valve，hollow-cone valve，howell-Bunger valve配压阀distributing valve排至集水井lead the water into the collector well排水孔drain hole排水管drain pipe排水阀座pedestal of draw off valve平垫圈plat washer偏心销eccentric pin爬梯ladderQ驱动器driver球阀rotary valve ball valve spherical valve起励initial excitation前盖板front cover全贯流式水轮机straight flow turbine，rim-generator unitR软启动器soft-starter热敏开关thermo switch人工（频率）死区单元S死区dead band甩负荷load rejection手动运行manual operation事故低油压tripping oil pressure双漏油器double oil-filter双调整调速器double regulating governor水力矩hydraulic torque水流惯性时间常数water interia time constant水推力hydraulic thrust水封压板seal pressure plate射流入射角jet inclined angle射流直径jet diameter水轮发电机组hydroelectric generating set水锤water hammer水封装配seal water assembly水力机械hydraulic machinery水导轴承装配assembly of the bush of water flowing diversionbearing式中type in输入功率input power输出功率power output梳齿密封座comb-tooth-type Seal block（下/上）梳齿环（upper/ below）comb-tooth ring设计水头design head速度水头elocity head受油器oil head上冠crown双击式水轮机double-flow turbine cross-flow turbine施工图设计construction design设计规范design specification示意图Diagrammatic sketch施工图Working drawing说明书Instruction book水斗式水轮机Pelton turbine scoop turbine双击式水轮机cross-flow turbine受油器oil head输入（输出）功率input（output）power水力的hydraulic水力机械hydraulic machinery水电站hydropower station双头螺柱stud三通旋塞three way cock竖井贯流式水轮机pit turbineT通流式调速器through flow type governor推拉杆push and pull rod调速轴regulating shaft（governor shaft）调速耳座speed lug调速环铜套copper sheathing of speed ring调速机构speed institutions（regulating mechamism）调速系统governing system弹垫圈spring washer通用件standard parts铜套copper bushUVW蜗壳spiral case蜗室剖面图section plane views蜗壳鼻端spiral case nose尾水闸门tail water sluice gate尾水管draft tube tail water piping尾水管扩散段draft tube outlet part尾水管支墩~ pier尾水管里衬~ liner外购procurement卧式horizontal unitX斜流式水轮机inclined jet turbine diagonal turbine 斜流转桨式水轮机Deriaz turbine斜流定桨式水轮机fixed blade of Deriaz turbine下环band下游最低尾水位the minimum tail-water level泄水锥runner cone discharge cone协连装置combination device相序采样phase sequence sampling橡胶条rubber橡胶轴承rubber bearing橡胶圈rubber ring橡胶管rubber pipe选用select旋塞阀plug valve旋转方向direction of rotation相似工况similar operating condition协联工况combined condition现场焊缝field weldingY压力罐式调速器governor with pressure tank压盖gland油压装置oil pressure supply unit油箱座tank block油箱tank引导阀pilot distributing valve引水室flume叶片blade叶片枢轴runner blade trunnion叶轮impeller圆柱销cylindrical pin圆锥销taper pin压板pressure plate预埋至机坑embedded into foundation pit永态转差系数permanent speed droop一期混泥土First Concrete一件 a piece of（水轮机）运转特性曲线（turbine）performance curveZ整体设计overall design总图general drawing总装图general installation drawing装配图assembly drawing组合件assemblies组画Section drawing主视图top view主图Master plane闸阀gate valve止回阀check valve轴流式水轮机axial turbine轴流转桨式水轮机Kaplan turbine轴流调桨式水轮机Thoma turbine轴流定桨式水轮机Propeller turbine真空破坏阀vacuum break valve座环stay ring锥形尾水管conical draft tube肘形尾水管elbow draft tube肘型管elbow转动部件rotating component转轮runner止漏环wearing ring轴套shaft sleeve轴领guide bearing collar轴瓦guide bearing shoe轴承体guide bearing housing轴承座bearing support轴承架bearing retainer转轮室runner chamber支持盖inner head cover支撑环support ring支墩buttress dam转轮体runner hub转叶机构mechanism of runner blade转轮叶片接力器runner blade servomotor最大（最小）水头maximum（minimum）head中间接力器pilots ervomotor中间轴承the middle bearing主配压阀中间位置meutral position of main distributing vavle主阀main valve整流回路rectification circuit最低尾水位min tail water level锥管段cone主轴密封mail shaft seal暂态转差系数temporary speed droop止推垫片stopping shim装配assembly罩子cover直锥尾水管straight tap直通旋塞straight through type cock针形阀needle valve组焊件assembly and welding part导轴承guide bearing（水轮机）综合特性曲线（turbine）efficiency hill diagram，combined characteristic curve 最优比转速optimum specific speed专用工具special tool1、本图仅供机组布置情况特征尺寸，有关基础及水工布置情况电站自行设计。
水利水电专业英语词汇 (1)
专业英语词汇水利水电工程专业施工总平面布置(施工总体布置) construction general layout施工组织Consruction Programming施工组织设计construction planning施工坐标系（建筑坐标系）construction coordinate system湿化变形soaking deformation湿润比percentage of wetted area湿润灌溉wetting irrigation湿室型泵房wet-pit type pump house湿陷变形系数soaking deformation coefficient湿陷起始压力initial collapse pressure湿陷系数(湿陷变形系数) coefficient of collapsibility湿周wetted perimeter十字板剪切试验vane shear test石袋honeycomb时均流速time average velocity时均能量time average energy时效硬化(老化) age hardening (ageing)时针式喷灌系统(中心支轴自走式系统) central pivot sprinkler system 实测放大图surveyed amplification map实腹柱solid column实际材料图primitive data map实时接线分析real time connection analysis实时控制real-time control实时数据和实时信息real time data and real time information实体坝solid dike实体重力坝solid gravity dam实物工程量real work quantity实验站experimental station实用堰practical weir示流信号器liquid-flow annunciator示坡线slope indication line示误三角形error triangle示踪模型tracer model事故failure (accident)事故备用容量reserve capacity for accident事故低油压tripping lower oil pressure事故音响信号emergency signal (alarmsignal)事故运行方式accident operation mode事故闸门emergency gate事故照明accident lighting事故照明切换屏accident lighting change-over panel势波potential wave势流potential flow势能potential energy势涡(自由涡) potential vortex视差parallax视差法测距（基线横尺视差法）subtense method with horizontal staff 视差角parallactic angle视准线法collimation line method视准轴（照准轴）coolimation axis试验处理treatment of experiment试验端子test terminal试验项目Testing item试验小区experimental block试运行test run试运行test run收敛测量convergence measurement收敛约束法convergence-confinement method收缩断面vena-contracta收缩缝(温度缝) contraction joint (temperature joint)收缩水深contracted depth手动[自动]复归manual [automatic] reset手动[自动]准同期manual [automatic] precise synchronization手动调节manual regulation手动控制manual control手动运行manual operation手工电弧焊manual arc welding首曲线（基本等高线）standard contour首子午线（本初子午线，起始子午线）prime meridian受油器oil head枢纽布置layout of hydroproject疏浚dredging输电系统transmission system输电线transmission line输入功率试验input test输沙量sediment runoff输沙率sediment discharge输水钢管steel pipe for water conveyance输水沟conveyance ditch输水建筑物water conveyance structure输水渠道water conveyance canal鼠道mole drains鼠道犁mole plough鼠笼型感应电动机squirrel cage induction motor竖井定向测量shaft orientation survey竖井贯流式水轮机pit turbine竖井联系测量shaft connection survey竖井排水drainage well竖井式进水口shaf tintake竖轴弧形闸门radial gate with vertic alaxes数字地面模型digital terrain model（DTM）数字化测图digitized mapping数字通信digital communication数字图像处理digital image processing数字仪表digital instrument甩负荷load dump (load rejection,load shutdown)甩负荷试验load-rejection test (load-shutdowntest)双层布置double storey layout双调节调速器dual-regulation governor双扉闸门double-leaf gate双回线double-circuit line双击式水轮机cross flow turbine,Banki turbine双极高压直流系统bipolar HVDC system双金属标bimetal bench mark双列布置double row layout双母线接线double-bus connection双曲拱坝double curvature arch dam双曲拱渡槽double curvature arch aqueduct双室式调压室double-chamber surge shaft双吸式离心泵double-suction pump双向挡水人字闸门bidirectional retaining mitre gate水泵[水泵水轮机的水泵工况]的反向最大稳态飞逸转速steady state reverse runaway speed of pump水泵比转速specific speed of pump水泵并联扬程曲线head curve of parallel pumping system水泵参数与特性Parameters and characteristics of pump水泵串联扬程曲线head curve of series pumping system水泵的最大[最小]输入功率maximum[minimum] input power of pump 水泵电动机机组Motor-pump unit水泵反常运行pump abnormal operating水泵工况(抽水工况) pump operation水泵工作点(水泵工况点) pump operating point水泵供水water feed by pump水泵机械效率mechanical efficiency of pump水泵机组pump unit水泵类型Classification of pumps水泵零部件Components of pumps水泵流量pump discharge水泵容积效率volumetric efficiency of pump水泵输出功率output power of pump水泵输入功率(水泵轴功率) input power of pump水泵水力效率hydraulic efficiency of pump水泵水轮机Pump-turbine水泵无流量输入功率no-discharge power of pump水泵效率pump efficiency水泵扬程(水泵总扬程) total head of pump水泵站Pumping Station水泵装置pump system水锤(水击) water hammer水锤泵站hydrauli cram pump station水锤波(水击波) wave of water hammer水锤波波速wave velocity of water hammer水电站Hydroelectric Station水电站(水力发电站) Hydroelectric station (hydroelectric power station) 水电站保证出力firm power, firm output水电站厂房(发电厂房) power house水电站厂房的类型Types of power house of hydroelectric station水电站出力power output of hydropower station水电站出力和发电量Power and energy output of hydropower station水电站的水头、流量、水位Waterhead, discharge, water lever of hydropower station水电站发电成本generation cost of hydropower station水电站发电量energy output of hydropower station水电站建筑物hydroelectric station structure水电站经济指标Economie index of hydropower station水电站类型Types of hydroelectric station水电站引用流量quotative discharge of hydropower station水电站装机容量installed capacity of hydropower station水电站自动化automation of hydroelectric station水跌hydraulic drop水动力学Hydrodynamics水斗bucket水斗式水轮机(贝尔顿式水轮机) pelton turbine水工建筑物hydraulic structure水工建筑物的类别及荷载Classification and load of hydraulic structures水工建筑物级别grade of hydraulic structure水工金属结构及安装Metal Structures and Their Installation水工隧洞hydraulic tunnel水工隧洞Hydraulic tunnels水工隧洞构造Components of hydraulic tunnel水工隧洞类型Classification of hydraulic tunnels水管冷却pipe cooling水柜water pool水环真空泵liquid ring pump水灰比water-cement ratio水窖(旱井) water callar(dry wall)水静力学Hydrostatics水库并联运用operation of parallel-connected resertvoir水库测量reservoir survey水库串联运用operation of serial-connected reservoirs水库调度reservoir operation水库调度图graph of reservoir operation水库回水变动区fluctuating back water zone of reservoir水库浸没reservoir immersion水库控制缓洪controlled flood retarding水库库底清理cleaning of reservoir zone水库泥沙Reservoir sediment水库泥沙防治Prevention of sediment水库年限ultimate life of reservoir水库渗漏reservoir leakage水库水文测验reservoir hydrometry水库塌岸bank ruin of reservoir水库特征库容Characteristic capacity of reservoir水库特征水位Characteristic level of reservoir水库泄空排沙sediment releasing by emptying reservoir水库蓄清排浑clear water impounding and muddy flow releasing水库淹没补偿compensation for reservoir inundation水库淹没处理Treatment of reservoir inundation水库淹没处理范围treatment zone of reservoir inundation水库淹没界线测量reservoir inundation line survey水库淹没区zone of reservoir inundation水库淹没实物指标material index of reservoir inundation水库异重流density current in reservoir水库异重流排沙sediment releasing by density current水库诱发地震reservoir induced earthquake水库淤积Sediment deposition in reservoir水库淤积测量reservoir accretion survey水库淤积极限limit state of sediment deposition in reservoir水库淤积平衡比降equilibrium slope of sediment deposition in reservoir 水库淤积上延(翘尾巴) upward extension of reservoir deposition水库淤积纵剖面longitudinal profile of deposit in reservoir水库滞洪排沙flood retarding and sediment releasing水库自然滞洪free flood retarding水冷式空压机water-cooled compressor水力半径hydraulic radius水力冲填hydraulic excavation and filling水力冲填坝hydraulic fill dam水力冲洗式沉沙池hydraulic flushing sedimentation basin水力粗糙度hydraulic roughness水力粗糙区hydraulic roughness region水力共振hydraulic resonance水力光滑区hydraulic smooth水力机械Hydraulic Machinery水力机械与电气设备HYDRAULIC MACHINERY AND ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT 水力机组hydropower unit水力机组测试Measurement and test for hydropower unit水力机组的安装和试运行Installation and starting operation of hydropower unit水力机组调节系统Regulating system of hydropower unit水力机组辅助系统Auxiliary system for hydropower unit水力开挖hydraulic excavation水力坡降(水力比降) hydraulic slope (energy gradient)水力破裂法(水力致裂法) hydro fracturing method水力侵蚀(水蚀) water erosion水力学Hydraulics水力要素(水力参数) hydraulic elements水力指数hydraulic exponent水力自动闸门hydraulic operating gate水力最优断面optimal hydraulic cross section水利工程经营管理management and administration of water project水利计算Computation of water conservancy水利区划zoning of water conservancy水利枢纽hydroproject水利水电工程等别rank of hydroproject水利水电工程规划PLANNING OF HYDROENGINEERING水利水电工程技术术语标准Standard of Technical Terms on Hydroengineering水利水电工程勘测SURVEY AND INVESTIGATION FOR HYDROENGINEERING 水利水电工程施工CONSTRUCTION OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING水量分布曲线water distribution curve水流动力轴线(主流线) dynamic axis of flow水流连续方程continuity equation of flow水流流态State of flow水流阻力和能头损失Flow resistance and head loss水轮泵站turbine-pump station水轮发电机Hydraulic generator水轮发电机hydraulic turbine-driven synchronous generator(hydro-generator)水轮发电机组Hydraulic turbine-generator unit水轮发电机组hydraulic turbine-generator unit水轮机hydraulic turbine,water turbine水轮机[水泵]额定流量rated discharge of turbine[pump]水轮机安装Installation of hydraulic turbine水轮机安装高程setting of turbine水轮机保证出力guaranteed output of turbine水轮机比转速specific speed of turbine水轮机参数和特性Turbine parameters and turbine characteristics水轮机层turbine storey (turbine floor)水轮机的机械效率mechanical efficiency of turbine水轮机的容积效率volumetric efficiency of turbine水轮机的水力效率hydraulic efficiency of turbine水轮机调节系统turbine regulating system水轮机调节系统静特性试验static characteristic test of regulation system of hydraulic turbine水轮机调速器turbine governor水轮机额定输出功率(水轮机额定出力) rated output of turbine水轮机飞逸转速runaway speed of turbine水轮机工况(发电工况) turbine operation水轮机空载流量no-load discharge of turbine水轮机类型Classification of turbines水轮机零、部件Components of hydraulic turbine水轮机流量turbine discharge水轮机模型试验model test of turbine水轮机磨蚀与振动Erosion and vibration of hydraulic turbine水轮机气蚀系数cavitation factor of turbine,cavitation coefficient of turbine 水轮机设计水头design head of turbine水轮机试运行Test runof hydraulic turbine水轮机室turbine casing水轮机输出功率(水轮机出力) turbine output水轮机输入功率turbine input power水轮机水头(水轮机净水头) turbine net head水轮机吸出水头损失suction head loss of turbine水轮机效率turbine efficiency水轮机压力管道(高压管道) penstock水轮机引水室turbine flume水轮机主轴turbine main shaft水轮机最大输出功率(水轮机最大出力) maximum output of turbine水轮机最高效率maximum efficiency of turbine水面曲线water surface profile水面蒸发量evaporation from water surface水能waterpower, hydropower水能计算hydropower computation水能开发方式Types of hydropower development水能利用Water power utilization水能利用规划waterpower utilization planning水能资源(水力资源) waterpower resources, hydropower resources水泥比表面积specific surface of cement水泥罐cement silo水泥水化热hydration heat of cement水泥体积安定性soundness of cement水平底坡horizontal slope水平地质剖面图geological plan水平度levelness水平沟horizontal ditches水平阶地horizontal terraces水平位移工作点operative mark of horizontal displacement水平位移观测horizontal displacement observation水平位移基点datum mark of horizontal displacement水生态学hydrobiology水头water head水头损失head loss水头预想出力expected power, expected output水土保持soil and water conservation水土保持工程措施Soil and water conservation works水土保持规划Planning of soil and water conservation水土保持林业措施Afforestation measures for soil and water conservation 水土流失Soilandwaterloss水土流失(土壤侵蚀) soil erosion(soil and waterloss)水位water stage (water level)水位、流速、流量Water stage, flow velocity, flow discharge水位传导系数coefficient of water level conductivity水位调节装置water level regulator水位计water-level gauge水位流量关系曲线stage-discharge relation curve水位信号water-level indicating signal水位站water stage gauging station水文测验hydrometry水文测站hydrometrical station水文测站和站网Hydrometrical station and network水文地质Hydrogeology水文地质基础Basichydrogeology水文地质试验Hydrogeologicaltest水文地质图hydrogeological map水文调查hydrological investigation水文分析计算Hydrological analysis and computation水文观测hydrological observation水文观测Hydrological observation and measurement水文过程线hydrograph水文核技术nuclear technology in hydrology水文计算Hydrologic computation水文计算及水文预报Hydrological Computation and Forecasing水文空间技术space technology in hydrology水文模型hydrological model水文年鉴hydrological almanac(hydrological yearbook)水文频率曲线hydrological frequency curve水文手册hydrological handbook水文统计hydrological statistics水文图集hydrological atlas水文遥测技术hydrological telemetering technology水文要素hydrological data水文预报Hydrological forecast水文站hydrometrical station水文站网hydrological network水文资料整编hydrological data processing水系(河系,河网) hydrographic net(river system)水下爆破under water blasting水下地形测量underground topographic survey水下混凝土浇筑underwater concreting水下接地网under water earthed network水压力hydraulic pressure水跃hydraulic jump水跃长度length of hydraulic jump水跃高度height of hydraulic jump水跃函数hydraulic jump function水跃消能率coefficient of energy dissipation of hydraulic jump 水运动学Hydrokinematics水运动学及水动力学Hydrokinematics and hydrodynamics水闸sluice (barrage)水闸类型Classification of sluices水闸组成部分Components of sluice水质water quality水质标准water quality standard水质监测站water quality monitoring station水质评价water quality assessment水质污染Water quality pollution水质预报water quality forecast水中起动starting in water水中起动力矩starting torque in water水柱water column水坠坝sluicing siltation earth dam水准测量leveling水准点benchmark水准路线leveling line水准器分划值（水准器角值，水准器格值）scale value of level水准网平差adjustment of leveling network水准仪（水平仪）level水准仪与经纬仪Leveland theodolite水资源water resources水资源规划water resources planning水资源开发利用Development and utilization of water resources水资源开发利用water resources development税金tax顺坝longitudinal dike (training dike)顺坡(正坡) positive slope顺行波advancing downstream wave顺序控制系统sequential control system顺直型河流straight river瞬动电流instantaneous acting current瞬发雷管(即发雷管) instantaneous blasting cap瞬时沉降(弹性沉降,初始沉降,形变沉降) initial settlement瞬时单位线instantaneous unit hydrograph瞬时电流速断保护(无时限电流速断保护) instantaneous over current cut-off protection瞬时流速instantaneous velocity瞬态法finite increment method死库容(垫底库容) dead storage死区dead band死水位minimum pool level(dead water level)松动爆破loosening blasting (crumbling blasting)松方loose measure松散系数bulk factor素混凝土(无筋混凝土) plain concrete素图simple map速动时间常数promptitude time constant速度环量velocity circulation速度三角形velocity triangle速凝(瞬时凝结) quick set (flash set)速凝剂accelerator塑料导爆管(传爆管) plastic primacord tube塑限(塑性限度,塑性界限含水量) plastic limit塑性铰plastic hinge塑性指数plasticity index溯源冲刷[淤积] backward erosion[deposition]算术平均粒径arithmetic mean diameter算术平均水头arithmetic average head算术平均效率arithmetic average efficiency随动系统servo system随动系统不准确度inaccuracy of servosystem随机波random wave随机性水文模型(非确定性水文模型) stochastic hydrological model 碎部点（地形特征点）detail point碎裂结构clastic structure碎屑结构clastic texture隧洞衬砌tunnel lining隧洞导流tunnel diversion隧洞渐变段tunnel transition section隧洞开挖tunnel excavation隧洞排水tunnel drainage隧洞钻孔爆破法(隧洞钻爆法) drill-blast tunneling method损失容积(死容积) lost volume缩限(收缩界限) shrinkage limit锁坝closure dike锁定装置dog device (latch device,gate lock device)锁锭装置locking device (checking device)它励(它激) separate excitation塔式进水口tower intake踏面rolling face台车式启闭机platform hoist台阶结构面step structural plane台阶掘进法heading and bench method坍落度slump坍落拱collapse arch探槽exploratoryt rench探洞exploratory adit探井exploratory shaft探坑exploratory pit碳素钢(碳钢) carbon steel塘堰pond掏槽孔(掏槽眼) cut hole套管casing pipe套闸(双埝船闸) double dike lock特大暴雨extraordinary rainstorm特大洪水extraordinary flood特高压(特高电压) ultra-high voltage (U.H.V.)特类钢(C类钢) type C steel特殊地区施工增加费additional cost for special condition特殊荷载specia lload (unusual load)特殊荷载组合special load combination特性和参数Characteristics and parameters特性阻抗(波阻抗) characteristic impedance (wave impedance) 特征线法characteristics method特征斜率characteristic slope梯段爆破bench blasting梯级水电站cascade hydroelectric station梯形堰trapezoidal weir锑恩锑(三硝基甲苯) TNT (trinitroto luene)提升式升船机lifting type ship lift提水灌溉pumping irrigation提水排水pumping drainage体积模量bulk modulus体积压缩系数coefficient of volume compressibility天然骨料natural aggregate天然密度(天然容重) natural density(naturalunitweight)天文潮astronomical tide田间持水量field capacity田间工程farml and works田间排水沟(墒沟) field ditch田间排水试验experiment for farm land drainage田间渠系farm canal system田间水利用系数water efficiency in field田间需水量(田间耗水量) water consumption on farmland填埋式管(上埋式管) buried pipe line填石笼gabion填筑filling填筑含水量placement water content(placement moisture content) 挑坎(挑流鼻坎) flip bucket。
水轮机词汇（1）
水轮机词汇（1）Aaccess door 检修门accessory 附件、零件accuracy 准确性、精密度acting head 有效水头action turbine 冲击式水输机action wheel 主动轮、冲击式水轮active power 有功功率Adjustable and fixed-blade propeller hydraulic turbine 轴流式水轮机adjustable blade propeller turbine 轴流转浆式水轮机adjustable bolt 调整螺栓adjustable clearance 可调间隙adjustable ring 控制环adjusting nut 调整螺母adjusting screw 校正螺丝、调整螺丝air conduit 通风道、风管air cooler 空气冷却器air cooling system 气冷系统air currant 气流air cylinder 气缸air draft 通风道、排气道air inlet 进气口air-inlet valve 进气阀门air-release valve 放气阀门air valve 空气阀、气阀、气门annual energy output 年发电量applied hydraulics 实用水力学applied mechanics 应用力学assemble 装配assembler 装配工assembler drawing 装配图assembly shop 装配车间automatic control 自动控制automatic control valve 自动控制阀automatic governor 自动调速器automatic pressure reducing valve自动减压阀automatic regulation (autoregulation) 自动调节auxiliary apparatus 辅助设备auxiliary equipment 辅助设备auxiliary machinery 辅助机械auxiliary station 辅电厂、辅厂房available capacity 有效容量available discharge (flow) 可用流量available head 可用水头available hydraulic head 有效水头available power 可用出力available storage 有效库容average flow 平均流量average head 平均水头average over-all efficiency 平均总效率average speed 平均速率、平均转速average velocity 平均速度axis 轴线axial cam 轴向凸轮axial flow 轴流axial flow hydraulic turbine轴流式水轮机axial force 轴向力axial inflow velocity 轴向流入速度BBabbitt 巴氏合金Back view 后视图Ball bearing 滚珠轴承、球轴承Banki turbine 双击式水轮、彭基式水轮机Base 基础、基线Base flow 基本流量Base level 基准面Base line(basic line) 基线、底线Bearing 轴承Bearing pad 钨金轴承Bearing body 轴承体Bearing flange 轴承法兰Bearing ring 轴承套圈Blade 叶片Blade seal ring 叶片密封装Bolt 螺栓Bolt pin 螺栓销Bottom cover 底盖Bottom outlet 泄水底孔Bottom view 底视图Brake 制动闸、制动器Brake horse power(B.H.P.) 制动马力Bucket（浇混凝土的）吊桶、（冲击式水轮机的）水斗Bulb tubular turbine 灯泡型贯流式水轮机Buried depth 埋设深度Buried penstock 埋藏式压力水管Butterfly valve 蝴蝶阀by-pass 支流，溢流渠，旁通管by-pass tunnel 旁通隧洞by-pass valve 旁通阀CCage screen 笼形拦污栅Cam 凸轮Calculated flow rate 计算流量Capacity 容量，功率cast-iron 铸铁，生铁cast-steel 铸钢cavitation 汽蚀cavitation coefficient 汽蚀系数cement 水泥centrifugal nozzle 离心式喷嘴centrifuge 离心机chamber 室characteristic curve 特性曲线circulate circulation 循环，环流circulating current 环流circulating pipe 循环水管clearance 间隙，余隙，空隙clearance leakage 间隙漏水clearance loss 间隙损失coarse rack 粗格拦污栅coefficient of percolation 渗透系数coefficient of roughness 粗糙系数、糙率concrete dam 混凝土坝conduit (conduit pipe) 输水道connecting bar 连接杆connecting bolt 连接螺栓connecting lever 连接杆connecting link 连杆connecting rod 连接杆constant-pressure turbine 冲击式水轮机control mechanism 控制机构control ring 控制环control valve 控制阀control valve dial 控制阀指度盘convey tunnel 输水隧洞conveyance channel 输水渠conveyer 输送机covered way 廊道covering 复盖物，套，罩crest discharge 洪峰流量，过顶流量critical depth of flow (water) 临界水深critical flow 临界流量critical head 临界水头cross-flow turbine 双击式水轮机cross-head 操作架current meter 流速仪current off water 水流DDaily output 日产量Deflector 折向器Degree of accuracy 准确度Degree of hardness 硬度Demand curve 需（水、电）量曲线Deriaz turbine 斜流式水轮机，德利埃兹式水轮机Design drawing (design paper) 设计图纸Design flow 设计流量Detail drawing 细节图，零件图Diagonal flow turbine 斜流式水轮机Discharge 流量，设计流量Distributing net (distribution network) 配水网，配电网Distribution substation 配电（变电）所Draft tube 尾水管draft-tube gate 尾水闸门drain pipe 排水管drain valve 排水阀drive shaft bearing 主动轴轴承driven shaft 从动轴driving gear 传动齿轮，主动齿轮driving mechanism 传动机构driving shaft 主动轴EEddy 涡流，漩涡Eddy loss 涡流损失Effective flow 有效流量Effective (net) head 有效水头efficiency 效率efficiency hill 等效率图efficiency of transmission 传递效率，输电效率efficiency test 效率试验elbow 弯头，弯管electric circuit 电路electric circuit 电流electric installation 电气装置，electric mains 主电线，输电干线electric power plant 发电厂electric power station 发电站electric welding 电焊electrical equipment 电气设备electrical installation 电气安装，电气设备electrical power 电力electrical power transmission 电力输送end view 端视图engine 发动机，引擎engine shaft发动机轴erecting shop 装配间erection 架设，安装erection diagram装配图，安装图Excite (v.) Excitation (n.) 励磁Exciter 励磁机Exciting coil 励磁线圈FFpm (foot per minute) 每分钟尺数ft-LB 尺磅field test 现场试验field work 现场工作，野外工作fitter 装配工fitting 配件，装配fixed blade propeller turbine 轴流定浆式水轮机flange 法兰，凸缘flanged connection 法兰联接flow 流，水流，流量flow curve 流量曲线flow line 流线flow line production 流水作业法foot (feet) 脚，尺foot screw 底脚螺丝Francis turbine 混流式水轮机，法兰西斯水轮机Front view 前视图，正面图GGear, pinion 齿轮Gear shift 变速器Gear shift housing 变速箱General drawing 总图General layout 总体布置Generator 发电机generator eotor 发电机转子generator shaft 发电机轴generator stator 发电机定子gland 压盖governing 管理，调节，调速governor 调节器，调速器gross area 总面积gross head 总水头gross power 总功率gross weight 毛重guide apparatus 导水机构guide bearing 导轴承guide beating bracket 导轴承托架guide ring 导环guide spindle 导轴guide spindle bearing 导轴轴承guide vane 导叶guide vane arm 导叶拐臂guide-vane channel 导叶流道guide vane lever 导叶臂杆guide vane opening 导叶开度guide wheel 导轮HHead cover 顶盖Horizon 地平线Horizontal 水平的Horizontal axis 横轴，水平轴Horizontal engine 卧式发动机Horizontal shaft 水平轴，横轴Horizontal turbine 卧式水轮机Horse power 马力Housing 机壳Hydraulic 水的，水力的，液压的Hydraulic bore 水力钻孔Hydraulic characteristic 水力特性hydraulic design 水力计算，水力设计hydraulic development 水力开发hydraulic efficiency 水力效率hydraulic engineering 水利工程hydraulic generator 水轮机发电机hydraulic loss 水力损失hydraulic machinery 水力机械hydraulic power 水力，水能hydraulic power plant 水力发电厂hydraulic radius 水力半径hydraulic turbine 水轮机hydro-power 水力hydroelectric 水电的hydroelectric board 水电局hydroelectric plant 水电厂，水电站IImpeller 叶轮Impeller blade 叶轮叶片Impulse 脉冲，冲击Impulse turbine 冲击式水轮机Inlet elbow 喷管Input 进量，入量，输入量Input power 输入功率Install (Vt.) 安装Installation (n.) 安装，设备Installation diagram 安装图Installation work 安装工程Installed capacity 装机容量Instruction book 说明书JJet 喷射，射流jet barker 射流制动器jet deflector 射流折向器jet diameter 射流直径jet nozzle 喷嘴KKaplan turbine 轴流转浆式水轮机，卡普兰式水轮机Key 键，钥匙key slot 键槽Kilogram (kg.) 公斤，千克Kilometer (km.) 公里，千米Kilowatt (kW.) 千瓦LLabyrinth 迷宫Labyrinth seal ring 迷宫止漏环Layout 定线，绘样，设计，布置，规划Level 水位，水平面Lined 有衬砌的Liner 轴瓦，衬套，衬砌Link 连杆Link arm 连杆臂Link pin 联节销Long ton 长吨，英吨（=2240磅=1.016吨）Longitudinal axis 纵轴lube-oil, lubricating 润滑油lubricant grease 润滑脂lubricator 加油器，油杯，油壶MMachine 机器Machinery 机械Machining 机加工Main 主要的，总的；总渠，干线Main bearing 主轴承Main drain 总排水管Main driving wheel 主动轮Main generating room 主发电机室Main machine hall 主厂房Main shaft 主轴Main steam 干流，主流Main valve 主阀Master control room 中央控制室Master link 主连杆Master plan 总体规划Master switch 总开关Maximum flow 最大流量Maximum head 最高水头Maximum headwater 上游最高水位Maximum output 最大出力，最大功率Maximum permissible revolution 最大许可转数Maximum revolution 最大转数Mechanical efficiency 机械效率Minimum clearance 最小间隙Minimum diameter 最小直径Minimum flow 最小流量Minimum head 最小水头Mixed flow turbine 混流式水轮机Model 模型model test 模型试验motor 发动机，电动机，马达movable propeller turbine 轴流转浆式水轮机NNail 钉子Needle 喷针Needle stem 喷针杆nozzle 喷嘴nozzle diameter 喷嘴直径nut 螺帽，螺母Ooil 油，石油oil can 油壶oil casing 油箱oil channel 油槽oil circuit 油路oil circuit breaker 油断路器，油开关oil collector 集油装置oil distributor 受油器oil filter 滤油器oil pressure 油压力oil pressure supply system 油压装置oil pressure gage 油压计oil pump 油泵oil supply line 操作油管，供油线oil valve 油阀operating characteristic 运行特性operating condition 运行情况，运行条件operating efficiency 运行效率operating lever 操纵杆operating mechanism 操作机械operating valve 操作阀outlet valve 泄水阀outlet work 泄水工程output 产量，出力，输出output loss 产量损失，出力损失output power 输出功率output design 总体设计overall dimension 总尺寸，外形尺寸overall efficiency 总效率overall height 总高度overall length 全长overpressure turbine 反击式水轮机PPacking box 填料箱Packing box cover 填料箱盖Packing gland 压垫盖Parts 部分，零件Peak 峰，最高点，洪峰，峰荷Peak flow 洪峰流量Peak load 峰荷Pelton turbine 水斗式水轮机，贝尔顿式水轮机Penstock 压力钢管Percentage of speed rise 转速上升率Percentage of speed drop 转速下降率Percentage of pressure rise 压力上升率Performance 性能，运行Performance measurement 性能测定，工况测定Periphery 园周Pilot bearing 导轴承Pin 销，针Pin hole 销孔pipe, piping 管子，管路pit liner 机坑里衬pitometer 毕托管测压器pitot tube 毕托管power input 输入功率power loss 功率损失power plant 动力设备，电厂，电站power supply 动力供应，电源，供电pressure regulator 调压阀pressure turbine 反击式水轮机propeller 推进器，螺旋浆propeller blade 螺旋浆叶pump水泵pump capacity 水泵出水率pump output 抽水量push and pull rod 推拉杆Rradial-axial flow turbine 混流式水轮机radial direction 径向radial distance 径向距离radial flow 幅向流radial flow turbine 幅向轴流式水轮机radial inward flow 径向内流radial outward flow 径向外流rate （比）率，价格rate of change 变化率rate of discharge 流量rate of flow 流量rate of speed 速率rated capacity 额定容量rated head 额定水头rated horse power 额定马力rated load 额定负荷rated output 额定出力rated power 额定功率rated specific speed 额定比转速rated speed 额定转速rated voltage 额定电压reaction 反作用reaction turbine 反击式水轮机reaction water wheel 反击式水轮receiver 贮气筒relief valve 安全阀，减压阀reversible motor 可逆电动机reversible pump turbine 可逆式水泵水轮机revolution 旋转，转数revolution counter 转数表Revolution per minute (r.p.m) 每分钟转数Reynold's number 雷诺数Ring 环，圈River 江，河River bed 河床River fall 河流落差River level 河水位Rivet 铆钉Rocker arm 转臂Roller bearing 滚柱轴承Rotary 旋转的Rotary displacement pump 回转容积泵Rotary motion 旋转运动Rotary pump 回转泵Rotary shaft 转动轴Rotary valve 球形阀，旋转阀Rotor 转子Run 跑，流动，流程，运转run-of-river plant 巡流式水电站run-off 巡流runaway speed 飞逸转速runner （水轮机的）转轮runner band 下环runner blade 轮叶runner casing 转轮外壳runner chamber 转轮室runner cone 泄水锥runner crown 上冠runner housing 转轮室runner hub 转轮体runner seal ring 转轮止水环SSafe range 安全范围Safety valve 安全阀Schematic 概略的，简要的Schematic drawing 示意图Scheme 方案，格式，简图Screw 螺丝，螺旋，螺钉Screw driver 螺丝起子Screw pump 螺旋泵Seal 止水，密封，填缝Seal coat 防水层Seal ring 封水环，止水环Sealing 止水，密封，填缝Section 段，部分，剖面，截面Sectional 分段的，局部的，截面的Sectional area 截面积Sectional drawing 截面图Sectional view 断面图，剖视图servo-motor 接力器servo-motor piston 接力器活塞shaft 轴skin 表皮skin area 表面积skin friction 表面磨擦specific 特殊的，专用的specific gravity 比重specific speed 比转速specific weight 比重specifications 规范，规格，说明书specimen 试件，样品，范本，标本speed 速度，速率，转速speed adjustment 转速调正speed change 转速变化speed change box 变速箱speed-control mechanism 转速控制机构speed governor 调速器speed ratio 转速比speed regulator 调速器speed ring 调速环speed-rise 转速升高speedometer 速度计，里程计spherical valve 球形阀spindle 心轴spiral 螺线，螺旋spiral case (casing) 蜗壳standard 标准standard specifications 标准规范static draft head 吸出高度static suction head 吸出高度stator（发电机）定子stay 支撑，停留stay ring （水轮机）座环stay vane（水轮机）固定导叶stay-vane ring 固定导叶环suspension bearing 轴承TTable 表，目录Tapping 攻螺丝Technology 工艺学Thrust bearing 推力轴承Top plate 顶盖Transformer 变压器Transmission case 传动箱Transmission line 输电线Transmission loss 传递损失，输电损失Transmission shaft 传动轴Tube tubing 管，管路Tubular 管状，筒形Tubular turbine 贯流式水轮机Turbine 水轮机，涡轮，透平Turbine cavitation factor 水轮机汽蚀系数Turbine dynamometer 水轮机测功机Turbine efficiency 水轮机效率Turbine head cover 水轮机顶盖Turbine inlet bend 水轮机进水弯管Turbine shaft 水轮机轴Twin water turbine 双转轮水轮机Type 型，类型，型号U Undershot water wheel 下击式水轮机Unit discharge 单位流量Unit power 单位功率Unit speed 单位转速VVacuum break valve 真空破坏阀Valve 阀Vane 叶片，轮叶variable speed 变速variable velocity 变速，变速度Venturi meter 文德里流量计Venturi tube 文德里管vertical view 立视图vibrating table 震动台vibration proof 防震view 图，视图volt 伏特，伏voltmeter 伏特计，电压表voltage 电压，伏特数voltage adjuster 电压调整器volumetric efficiency 容积效率WWasher 垫圈Water circulation 水循环Water discharge 排水量Water filter 滤水器Water inlet 进水口Water level 水位，水准Water outlet 出水口Water power 水力，水能Water power engineering 水力发电工程Water project 水利工程Water proof 防水Water seal joint 止水缝Water sealing 止水，防漏，防渗Water turbine 水轮机Water turbine generator set 水轮机电机表Water wheel 水轮，水车Watt 瓦，瓦特watt hour 瓦（特小）时watt meter 瓦特计working drawing 制图表，加工图worm and sector steering device 蜗杆与扇形齿轮转向装置worm wheel dial 蜗轮标度盘汉英对照水轮机专业术语分类目录序号名称备注S-1 水轮机型式S是"水轮机"一词的汉语S-2 水轮机特性拼音的第一个字母S-3 水轮机工作参数S-4 水轮机结构S-5 水轮机辅助设备S-1 水轮机型式S-1-1 水轮机water turbine, HydraulicturbineS-1-2 反击式水轮机reaction turbine, Overpressure turbine, Pressure turbineS-1-3 混流式水轮机Francis turbine,Radial-axial flow turbine, Mixed flow turbineS-1-4 轴流式水轮机axial flow hydraulicturbineS-1-5 轴流转浆式水轮机Kaplan turbine,Movable blade propeller turbine, Adjustableblade propeller TurbineS-1-6 轴流定浆式水轮机propeller turbine,Fixed blade propeller TurbineS-1-7 斜流式水轮机diagonal flow turbine,Deriaz turbineS-1-8贯流式水轮机tubular turbine,S-1-9灯泡型贯流式水轮机bulb tubularturbineS-1-10冲击式水轮机impulse turbine,Action turbine, Constant-pressure turbineS-1-11水斗式水轮机pelton turbine,Impulse turbineS-1-12双击式水轮机cross-flow turbine, Banki turbine S-1-13可逆式水轮机reversible pump turbineS-1-14双转轮水轮机twin water turbineS-1-15转轮型号runner typeS-2 水轮机特性S-2-1 单位流量unit discharge, unit flowS-2-2 单位功率unit power, unit outputS-2-3 单位转率unit speedS-2-4 水轮机效率turbine efficiencyS-2-5 水力效率hydraulic efficiencyS-2-6 机械效率mechanical efficiencyS-2-7 容积效率volumetric efficiencyS-2-8 汽蚀cavitationS-2-9 汽蚀系数cavitation factor, cavitation coefficientS-2-10 轴向力axial forceS-2-11 比转速specific speedS-3S-3-1 最高水头maximum headS-3-2 平均水头average head, mean headS-3-3 最低水头minimum headS-3-4 水轮机流量rate of flow, discharge S-3-5 设计流量rated flow (discharge)S-3-6 水轮机功率output, capacity,horsepowerS-3-7 额定功率（出力）rated power (output)S-3-8 最大功率（出力）maximum power(output)S-3-9 额定转速rated speedS-3-10 飞逸转速runaway speedS-3-11 转速上升率percentage of speed riseS-3-12 转速下降率percentage of speeddropS-3-13 压力上升率percentage of pressureriseS-3-14 吸出高度static draft head, Staticsuction headS-3-15 射流直径jet diameterS-3-16 喷嘴直径nozzle diameterS-4 水轮机结构S-4-1 机座housingS-4-2 转轮runnerS-4-3 轮叶runner vane (blade)S-4-4 斗叶bucketS-4-5 上冠runner crownS-4-6 下环runner bandS-4-7 泄水锥runner cone, draft coneS-4-8 主轴main shaftS-4-9 主轴承main bearingS-4-10 导轴承guide bearingS-4-11 轴承体bearing housingS-4-12 轴瓦bearing padS-4-13 毕托管piton tubeS-4-14 填料箱packing housing (box)S-4-15 填料箱盖packing housing (box) coverS-4-16 压垫盖packing glandS-4-17 导水机构guide apparatusS-4-18 导叶guide vaneS-4-19 导叶臂guide vane leverS-4-20 连杆linkS-4-21 转臂rocker armS-4-22 控制机构control mechanismS-4-23 顶盖head cover, Top plateS-4-24 底环bottom coverS-4-25 止漏环（迷宫环）labyrinth sealS-4-26 控制环control ring, Adjustable ring S-4-27 接力器servo-motorS-4-28 接力器活塞servo-motor pistonS-4-29 蜗壳spiral casingS-4-30 座环stay ring, speed ringS-4-31 固定导叶stay vaneS-4-32 叶片密封装置blade seal ringS-4-33 尾水管draft tubeS-4-34 机坑里衬pit linerS-4-35 转轮体runner hubS-4-36 转轮室runner housingS-4-37 操作架cross-headS-4-38 受油器oil distributorS-4-39 操作油管，供油线oil supply lineS-4-40 水斗bucketS-4-41 喷管inlet elbowS-4-42 喷嘴nozzleS-4-43 喷针needleS-4-44 喷针杆needle stemS-4-45 折向器deflector ,jet deflectorS-4-46 射流制动器jet barkerS-4-47 蝴蝶阀butterfly valveS-4-48 球形阀rotary valve, spherical valve S-5水轮机辅助设备S-5-1 调速器governor, regulatorS-5-2 油压装置oil pressure supply system S-5-3 集油装置oil collectorS-5-4 滤水器water filterS-5-5 调压阀pressure regulatorS-5-6 空气阀air valveS-5-7 真空破坏阀vacuum break valveS-5-8旁通阀by-pass valve。
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