2005年10月在职MBA英语真题
2005年MBA英语考试试题(part 2)
2005年MBA英语考试试题（part 2）11. Good news was sometimes released prematurely, with the British recapture of the port _________ half a day before the defenders actually surrendered.A. to announceB.announced C.announcing D. was announced12. According to one belief, if truth is to be known itwill make itself apparent, so one _________ wait instead of searching for it.A. would ratherB. hadto C. cannotbut D. had best13. There was no sign that Mr. Jospin, who keeps a firm control on the party despite _________ from leadership of it, would intervene personally.A. being resignedB. havingresigned C. going to resign D. resign14.The individual TV viewer invariably senses that he or she is _________ an anonymous, statistically insignificantpart of a huge and diverse audience.A. everything exceptB. anythingbut C. no lessthan D. nothing more than15.One difficulty in translation lies in obtaining a concept match. _________ this is meant that a concept in one language is lost or changed in meaning in translation.A. ByB.In C.For D. With16. The chairman of the board _________ on me the unpleasant job of dismissing good workers the firm can no longer afford to employ.A. compelledB.posted C.pressed D. tempted17.The Timber rattlesnake is now on the endangered species list, and is extinct in two eastern states in which it once _________.A. thrivedB.swelled C.prospered D. flourished18. However, growth in the fabricated metals industry was able to _________ some of the decline in the iron and steel industry.A. overturnB.overtake C.offset D. oppress19. When any non-human organ is transplanted into a person, the body immediately recognizes it as _________.A. novelB.remote C.distant D. foreign20. For three quarters of its span on Earth, life evolved almost _________ as microorganisms.A. preciselyB.instantly C.initially D. exclusively。
2005年MBA联考英语样题
2005年MBA联考英语样题There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)1. The police stopped him because he__________the traffic regulation.A. damagedB. destroyedC. brokeD. corrupted2. Imports for the first half of this year are large by 21 percent for the________________period last year.A. respectiveB. correspondingC. concerningD. responding3. If I am not______________ when you come to my office, ask for my secretary.A. suitableB. availableC. comfortableD. proper4. I need to move to a large apartment. Do you know of any______________ones in this area?A. bareB. emptyC. vacantD. void5. They noted that special manner of walking which was_____________ to her alone.A. privateB. peculiarC. preciseD. precious6. He had been working for over 30 years and when he retired he found it hard for him to live on the state____________A. awardB. rewardC. pensionD. revenue7. The ceasefire will only provide a______________ solution to the current military crisis in this area.A. temporaryB. permanentC. contemporaryD. sympathetic8. It is difficult to_____________these points of view; they are too different from each other.A. uniteB. reconcileC. adjustD. compromise9. There is real concern that food supplies will not be___________to feed the increasing world population.A. sufficientB. satisfactoryC. aggregateD. efficient10. Let\'s go out during the break to_____________ our legs.A. stretchB. expandC. moveD. extend11. The word______________refers to a sum of money whicha person agrees to pay to an insurance company.A. compensationB. premiumC. investmentD. commission12. Jim\'s plan_____________ because he couldn\'t find a good assistant.A. fell behindB. fell outC. fell throughD. fell back13. The automation has made it possible to______________great changes in industry.A. bring aboutB. bring downC. bring outD. bring up14. The safety of air travel hangs partly______________the thoroughness of baggage checking.A. inB. overC. aboutD. on15. Very few experts_______________with completely new answers to the world\'s economic problems.A. come toB. come roundC. come upD. come on16. Though it was only a__________________fever, the doctor gave him an injection.A. mildB. smallC. weakD. faint17. Kate is________________bad terms with her uncle.A. toB. onC. withD. in18. They always_______________a large supply of tinned food in winter in case they are snowed up.A. lay inB. lay offC. lay downD. lay out19. He was so angry that he just couldn\'t______________from telling them what he thought.A. hold offB. hold onC. hold backD. hold up20. Suddenly there was a_______________of lightning followed by a clap of thunder.A. rayB. streamC. flashD. flameSection II GlozeDirections:Read the following passage. For each numbered blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (15 points) When you are negotiating with someone, listen for the message that he or she might be sending to you. For example, the word "difficult" does not 21 the same as impossible. 22 you are staying in a hotel, and you want to change your room. The manager\'s answer of "That would be difficult, Sir" does not mean that he is saying "no". It just means that he wants to know 23 you are prepared to offer him in. 24 for the change of room. If you 25. you will cause him a lot of trouble if he does not change your room, he might 26 it would be better for him to do as you ask.If you are buying a new car, and want to pay less than the price being asked, 27 the salesman\'s comment "I\'m sorry, 28 we never negotiate on the price" means that they do negotiate on other things, like the 29 .time, or the "extras" that might be 30 as part of the purchase.In all of these 31 the message is never communicated in clear terms. In any negotiation, thetwo "players" wish to 32 as much out of it as they can, of course. In the two examples above, the salesman and the hotel manager are hoping that you will 33 their price or conditions.., but their "messages" make it clear that there may be 34 for movement and compromise. In a successful negotiation, the two sides move towards each other and reach agreement on conditions that 35 both sides.21. A. produce B. mean C. equal D. give22. A. Guess B. Imagine C. Assume D. Propose23. A. that B. which C. whether D. what24. A. return B. term C. tune D. turn25. A. illustrate B. express C. show D. indicate26. A. decide B. consider C. calculate D. determine27. A. then B. and C. but D. however28. A. therefore B. but C. whereas D. nevertheless29. A. given B. order C. distribution D. delivery30. A. accessible B. affordable C. reliable D. available31. A. situations B. conditions C. comparisons D. surroundings32. A. come B. reach C. get D. draw33. A. admit B. accept C. adopt D. permit34. A. room B. freedom C. problem D. bargain35. A. break B. close C. satisfy D. displeaseSection III Reading ComprehensionDirections:Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)1A new era is upon us. Call it what you will: the service economy, the information age, the knowledge society. It is all translated to a fundamental change in the way we work. Already we\'ve partly been there. The percentage of people who earn their living by making things has fallen dramatically in the Western World. Today the majority of jobs in America, Europe and Japan (two thirds or more in many or these countries) are in the service industry, and the number is on the rise. More women are in the work force than ever before. There are more part-time jobs. More people are self-employed. But the breadth of the economic transformation can\'t be measured by numbers alone, because it is also giving rise to a radical new way of thinking about the nature of work itself.Long-held notions about jobs and careers, the skills needed to succeed, even the relation between individuals and employers--all these are being changed.We have only to look behind us to get some sense of what may lie ahead. No one looking ahead 20 years possibly could have foreseen the ways in which a single invention, the chip(集成电路), would transform our world thanks to its applications in personal computers, digital communications and factory robots. Tomorrow\'s achievements in biotechnology, artificial intelligence or even some still unimagined technology could produce a similar wave of dramatic changes. But one thing is certain: information and knowledge will become even more vital, and the people who possess it, whether they work in manufacturing or services, will have the advantage and produce the wealth. Computer knowledge will become as basic a requirement as the ability to read and write. The ability to solve problems by applying information instead of performing routine tasks will be above all else. If you cast your mind ahead 10 years, information services will be predominant. It will be the way you do your job.36. A characteristic of the information age is thatA. the service industry is relying more and more on thefemale work force.B. manufacturing industries are steadily increasing.C. people find it harder to earn a living by working in factories.D. most of the job opportunities can now be found in service industry.37. One of the great changes brought about by the knowledge society isA. the difference between the employee and the employer has become insignificant.B. people\'s traditional concepts about work no longer hold true.C. most people have to take part-time jobs.D. people have to change their jobs from time to time.38. By referring to computers and other inventions, the author means to say thatA. people should be able to respond quickly to the advancement of technology.B. future achievements in technology will bring about inconceivable dramatic changes.C. the importance of high technology has been overlooked.D. computer science will play a leading role in the future information services.39. The future will probably belong to those whoA. possess and know how to make use of information.B. give full play to their brain potential.C. involve themselves in the service industry.D. cast their minds ahead instead of looking back.40. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Computers and the Knowledge Society.B. Service Industries in Modern Society.C. Features and Implications of the New Era.D. Rapid Advancement of Information Technology.We have only to look behind us to get some sense of what may lie ahead. No one looking ahead 20 years possibly could have foreseen the ways in which a single invention, the chip(集成电路), would transform our world thanks to its applications in personal computers, digital communications and factory robots. Tomorrow\'s achievements in biotechnology, artificial intelligence or even some still unimagined technology could produce a similar wave of dramatic changes. But one thing is certain: information and knowledge will become even morevital, and the people who possess it, whether they work in manufacturing or services, will have the advantage and produce the wealth. Computer knowledge will become as basic a requirement as the ability to read and write. The ability to solve problems by applying information instead of performing routine tasks will be above all else. If you cast your mind ahead 10 years, information services will be predominant. It will be the way you do your job.36. A characteristic of the information age is thatA. the service industry is relying more and more on the female work force.B. manufacturing industries are steadily increasing.C. people find it harder to earn a living by working in factories.D. most of the job opportunities can now be found in service industry.37. One of the great changes brought about by the knowledge society isA. the difference between the employee and the employer has become insignificant.B. people\'s traditional concepts about work no longer hold true.C. most people have to take part-time jobs.D. people have to change their jobs from time to time.38. By referring to computers and other inventions, the author means to say thatA. people should be able to respond quickly to the advancement of technology.B. future achievements in technology will bring about inconceivable dramatic changes.C. the importance of high technology has been overlooked.D. computer science will play a leading role in the future information services.39. The future will probably belong to those whoA. possess and know how to make use of information.B. give full play to their brain potential.C. involve themselves in the service industry.D. cast their minds ahead instead of looking back.40. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Computers and the Knowledge Society.B. Service Industries in Modern Society.C. Features and Implications of the New Era.D. Rapid Advancement of Information Technology.by being a land rich in mineral resources and fertile farm soil,together with moderate climate.Second, the amount of available labor helps determine the health of an economy.Generally, the United States has been fortunate in having enough people to provide the labor necessary for a constantly expanding economy. It is true that at times the country has experienced periods of acute unemployment as well as labor shortages, but on the whole immigrants came when work was plentiful and the economy grew fast enough to absorb them, providing they were willing to work productively at slightly less than the wage rates paid to the acculturated workers. They were willing, and they prospered, earning far more than they would have in their native lands. As a result, the economy of the nation also prospered.A third factor is the quality of available labor. In assessing the success of an economy one must ask how hard the people are willing to work and how skilled they are. The frontier demanded hard work, and the Protestant religious ethnics supported that demand. Further, the strong emphasis placed on education, including technical and vocational education, also contributed to America\'s economic success.Likewise, the willingness to experiment, to change, and to invest in technology was significant in a land that prided itself on being a new experiment in freedom.However, the existence of abundant natural resources and a skillful and willing labor force accounts for only part of the story. These resources must be directed as efficiently as possible into the area where they will be most productive. In the American economy, Capital and management perform this function.41. The 1st paragraph tells us that the economic system ofa nation depends largely onA. production and distribution of goods.B. human needs.C. political decision.D. the combination of resources, labor force and talents.42. The words "blessed" (Line 2, Paragraph 2) could be replaced byA. beneficial.B. plentiful.C. lucky.D. bearish.43. From the 3rd paragraph we can conclude that immigrants to the U.S.A. made an important contribution to the prosperity of the country.B. received less pay because they were unskilled.C. always came when there were plenty of work for them.D. could work more productively when labor was in shortage.44. What is this text mainly about?A. the history of the American economy.B. the reasons for the success of the American economy.C. resources and labor problems in the U.S.D. policies of the American economy.45. The following paragraphs will probably deal withA. how abundant natural resources are made full use of.B. how money and management function in the economy.C. how labor force accounts for economic growth.D. how the American economy keeps productive.3The competition among products of personal computers is essentially a race to get the best, most innovative products to the marketplace. Marketers in this environment frequently have to make a judgement as to their competitors\' role whenmaking marketing strategy decisions. If major competitors are changing their products, then a marketer may want to follow suit to remain competitive. Apple Computer, Inc. has introduced two new, faster personal computers, the Mackintosh II and Mackintosh SE, in anticipation of the introduction of a new PC by IBM, one of Apple\'s major competitors.Apple\'s new computers are much faster and more powerful than its earlier models. The improved Mackintosh is able to run programs that previously were impossible to run on an Apple PC, including IBM-compatible(兼容的) programs. This compatibility feature illustrates computer manufacturers\' new attitude of giving customers the features they want. Making Apple computers capable of running IBM computers and thus more popular in the office, where Apple hopes to increase sales. Users of the new Apple can also add accessories(附件) to make their machines specialize in specific uses, such as engineering and writing.The new computers represent a big improvement over past models, but they also cost much more. Company officials do not think the higher price will slow down buyers who want to step up to a more powerful computer. Apple wants to stay in the high-price endof the personal computer market to finance research for even faster, more sophisticated computers.Even though Apple and IBM are major competitor, both companies realize that their competitor\'s computers have certain features that their own models do not. The Apple line has always been popular for its sophisticated color graphics (图形) , whereas the IBM machines have always been favored in offices. In the future, there will probably be more compatibility between the two companies\' products, which no doubt will require that both Apple and IBM change marketing strategies.46 .According to the text, Apple Computer, INC. has introduced the Mackintosh II and the Mackintosh SE becauseA. IBM is changing its computer models continuously.B. it wants to make its machines specialize in specific uses.C. it wants to stay ahead of IBM in the competitive computer market.D. it expects its major competitor IBM to follow its example.47. Apple hopes to increase Mackintosh sales chiefly byA. making its new models capable of running IBM software.B. improving the color graphics of its new models.C. copying the marketing strategies of IBM.D. giving the customers what they want.48. Apple sells its new computers at high prices becauseA. they have few features and price functions.B. they are more sophisticated than other models.C. they have new accessories attached.D. it want to accumulate funds for future research.49. It can be inferred that both Apple and IBM try to gain a competitive advantage byA. copying each other\'s technology.B. incorporating features that make their products distinctive.C. making their computers more expensive.D. making their computers run much faster.50. The main topic of the passage might beA. Apple\'s efforts to stay ahead of IBM.B. Apple\'s new computer technology.C. Apple\'s new personal computer.D. Apple\'s research activities.4Beauty has always been regarded as something praiseworthy. Almost everyone thinks attractive people arehappier and healthier, have better marriages and respectable occupations. Personal consultants give better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants ( 被告) . But in the executive circle, beauty can become a liability.While attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on his way UP the executive ladder, it is harmful to a woman.Handsome male executives were perceived as having more integrity than plainer men; effort and ability were thought to account for their success.Attractive female executives were considered to have less integrity than unattractive ones; their success was attributed not to ability but to factors such as luck.All unattractive women executives were thought to have more integrity and to be more capable than the attractive female executives. Increasingly, though, the rise of the unattractive overnight successes was attributed more to personal relationships and less to ability than was that of attractive overnight successes.Why are attractive women not thought to be able? An attractive woman is perceived to be more feminine (女性的) and an attractive man more masculine (男性的) than the lessattractive ones. Thus an attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs, but an attractive woman in a traditionally masculine position appears to lack the "masculine" qualities required.This is true even in politics. "When the one clue is how he or she looks, people treat men and women differently," says Anne Bowman, who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates. She asked 125 undergraduates to rank two groups of photographs, one of men and one of women, in order of attractiveness. The students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. They were asked to rank them again, in the order they would vote for them.The results showed that attractive males utterly defeated unattractive men, but the women who had been ranked most attractive invariably received the fewest votes.51. The word "liability" (Line 5, Paragraph 1) most probably meansA. misfortune.B. instability.C. disadvantage.D. burden.52. In traditionally female jobs, attractivenessA. reinforces the female qualities required.B. makes women look more honest and capable.C. is of primary importance to women.D. often enables women to succeed quickly.53. Bowman\'s experiment reveals that when it comes to politics, attractivenessA. turns out to be an obstacle.B. affects men and women alike.C. has as little effect on men as one women.D. is more of an obstacle than a benefit to women.54. It can be inferred from the passage that people\'s views on beauty are oftenA. practical.B. prejudiced.C. old-fashioned.D. radical.55. The author writes this passage toA. discuss the negative aspects of being attractive.B. give advice to job-seekers who are attractive.C. demand equal rights for women.: /t/t/t/t" education html images tablecn8.gif?>2005年MBA联考英语样题相关内容:21。
05英语真题
2005年MBA英语真题Section I VocabularyDirections:Thereare20incompletesentencesinthissection.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD. ChoosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentenceandmarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1withapencil.(10points)1．Advertisersoftenaimtheircampaignsatyoungpeopleastheyhaveconsiderablespending______.A．powerB．forceC．energyD．ability2．We’veboughtsome_______chairsforthegardensothattheyareeasytostoreaway.A．adaptingB．adjustingC．bendingD．folding3． Thenewspeedrestrictionswerea__debatedissue.A．heavilyB．hotlyC．deeplyD．profoundly4．Hischangeofjobhas____himwithanewchallengeinlifeA．introducedB．initiatedC．presentedD．led5．No________you’rehungryifyouhaven’teatensinceyesterday.A．matterB．surpriseC．wonderD．problem6．Thepianistplayedbeautifully,showingareal_______forthemusic.A．feelingB．understandingC．appreciationD．sense7．Theboss______intoarageandstartedshoutingatRoberttodoashewastold.A．flewB．chargedC．rushedD．burst8．Politiciansshouldneverlose_______oftheneedsofthepeopletheyrepresentA．viewB．sightC．regardD．prospect9．Theemployeestriedtosettlethedisputebydirect____withtheboss. A．negotiationB．connectionC．associationD．communication10．Youhaven’theardallthefactssodon’t_____toconclusions.A．dashB．jumpC．muchD．fly11．Iam______awareoftheneedtoobeytherulesofthecompetition.A．greatlyB．farC．muchD．well12．Themanagerhasalwaysattendedtothe____ofimportantbusinesshimself. A．transactionB．solutionC．translationD．stimulation13．Asisknowntoall,acountrygetsa(an)____fromtaxes. A．incomeB．revenueC．fundD．payment14．Thegovernmenthasdecidedtoreduce____onallimports.A．feeB．chargeC．tariffD．tuition15．Theneedforfinancialprovision___notonlytoproducersbutalsotoconsumers. A．connectsB．linksC．associatesD．relates 16．Theabilityofbanktocreatedepositsisdeterminedbytheratioofliquidassetswhichthey___ A．mountB．containC．remainD．maintain17．ThefirstseriousprospectofacureforAids,atreatmentwhichdelaysitseffects,haemergedrecently. A．otherthanB．ratherthanC．morethanD．lessthan18．Hisparentsdiedwhenhewasyoung,sohewasbyhisgrandma.A．bredB．broughtC．fedD．grown19．TheJapanesedollar-buyingmakestraderseagertodollarsinfearofanothergovernmentintervention.A．letinB．letoutC．letgoofD．letoff20．Thelocalpeoplecouldhardlythinkofanygoodwaytothedisasterofthewar.A．shakeoffB．getoffC．putoffD．takeoffSectionIICloseDirections:Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Choosethebeston eandmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1withapencil.(15points)Afewdecadesago,theworldbankingcommunityinventednewElectronicFundsTransfer(EFT)systemstomovem oneymoreefficientlyacrosscountriesandaroundtheglobe.The___21__benefitofsuchsystemswasto__22___the floatofcapitalthatwasunavailablefor?__23__checkswerebeingclearedthroughbanking__24__.Today,weunde rstandthatbenefitsofelectronicbankingarefarmore_25__thanjustreducingfloatingcash.Theworldofbankin g__26__revolutionizeD．Itis__27_moreefficientandfaster,butmoreglobal.Andnow_28_theInternet,EFTsys temsareincreasingly__29__withthenewworldofe-commerceande-trade.__30__1997and2003,EFTvalue__31__fromlessthan$50trilliontonearly$40trillion,morethanthe__32__e conomicproductofallthecountriesandterritoriesoftheentireworld.Thesestatistics__33__shouldemphasiz ethetrueimportanceoftransnationalEFTSatellite,wireless,andcable-basedelectronicfundtransfers_34__ thehubofglobalenterprise.Suchelectronic cashis_35__centraltotheideaofanemerging“worldwidemind.”W ithoutthesatelliteandfiberinfrastructuretosupporttheflowofelectronicfunds,theworldeconomywouldgri ndtoahalt.21．A．hidingB．gettingC．drivingD．giving22．A．introduceB．reduceC．produceD．increase23．A．whichB．thatC．whileD．where24．A．mechanicsB．methodsC．proceduresD．systems25．A．extensiveB．intensiveC．profoundD．great26．A．isB．hasC．hasbeenD．hadbeen27．A．farB．evenC．justD．notonly28．A．withB．byC．forD．on29．A．linkedB．integratedC．controlledD．joined30．A．BetweenB．InC．FromD．Among31．A．decreasedB．raisedC．elevatedD．soared32．A．grossB．acceleratedC．combinedD．collective33．A．lonelyB．aloneC．onlyD．merely34．A．presentB．representC．reserveD．comprehend35．A．soB．neverthelessC．thereafterD．thereforeSectionIIIReadingComprehensionDirections:Readthefollowingfourpassages.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachpassagebychoosingA,B,C,andD.Markyoura nsweronANSWERSHEET1withapencil.(15points)Questions36to40arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Workingatnonstandardtimes－evenings,nights,orweekends－istakingitstollonAmericanfamilies.One-fifthofallemployedAmericansworkvariableorrotatingshifts,and one-thirdworkweekends,accordingtoHarrietB.Presser,sociologyprofessorattheUniversityofMaryland.The resultisstressonfamilialrelationships,whichislikelytocontinueincomingdecades.Theconsequencesofworkingirregularhoursvaryaccordingtogender,economiclevel,andwhetherornotchil drenareinvolved.Singlemothersaremorelikelytoworknightsandweekendsthanmarriedmothers.Womenincleric al,sales,orotherlow-payingjobsparticipatedisproportionatelyinworkinglateandgraveyardshifts.Married-couplehouseholdswithchildrenareincreasinglybecomingdual-earnerhouseholds,generatingmo resplit-shiftcouples.School-agedchildren,ho wever,maybenefitfromparents’nonstandardworkschedulesbecauseofthegreaterlikelihoodthataparentwillbehomebeforeorafterschool.Ontheotherhand,acorrelatione xistsbetweennonstandardworkschedulesandbothmaritalinstabilityandadeclineinthequalityofmarriages.Nonstandardworkinghoursmeanfamiliesspendlesstimetogetherfordinerbutmoretimetogetherforbreakfa st.One-on-oneinteractionbetweenparentsandchildrenvaries,however,basedonparent,shift,andageofchild ren.Thereisalsoagreaterrelianceonchildcarebyrelativesandbyprofessionalproviders.Workingnonstandardhoursislessachoiceofemployeesandmoreamandateofemployer.Presserbelievesthatt heneedforswingshiftsandweekendworkwillcontinuetoriseinthecomingdecades.ShereportsthatinsomeEurope ancountriestherearesubstantialsalarypremiumsforemployeesworkingirregularhours-sometimesasmuchas50 %higher.Theconvenienceofhavingservicesavailable24hoursadaycontinuestodrivethistrend.Unfortunately,saysPresser,theissueisvirtuallyabsentfrompublicdiscourse.Sheemphasizestheneedfo rfocusedstudiesoncostsandbenefitsofworkingoddhours,thephysicalandemotionalhealthofpeopleworkingni ghtsandweekends,andthereasonsbehindthenecessityforworkingthesehours.“Nonstandardworkschedulesnot onlyarehighlyprevalentamongAmericanfamiliesbutalsogeneratealevelofcomplexityinfamilyfunctioningth atneeds greaterattention,”shesays.36．WhichofthefollowingdemonstratesthatworkingatnonstandardtimesistakingitstollonAmericanfami lies？A．Stressonfamilialrelationships．B．Rotatingshifts.C．Evenings，nights，orweekends.D．Itsconsequences.37．Whichofthefollowingisaffectedmostbyworkingirregularhours？A．Children.B．Marriage.C．Singlemothers.D．Workingwomen.38．Whowouldbeinfavorofthepracticeofworkingnonstandardhours？A．Children.B．Parents.C．EmployeesD．Professionalchildproviders.39．Itisimpliedthattheconsequencesofnonstandardworkschedulesare.A．emphasizedB．absentC．neglectedD．prevalent40．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsworkingirregularhours？A．Positive.B．Negative.C．Indifferent.D．Objective.Questions41to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Mosthumanbeingsactual1ydecidebeforetheythink.Whenanyhumanbeing－executive,specializedexpert,orpersoninthestreet－encountersacomplexissueandformsanopinion,oftenwithinamatterofseconds,howthoroughlyhasheorsheexplo redtheimplicationsofthevariouscoursesofaction?Answer:notverythoroughly.Veryfewpeople,nomatterhowi nte1ligentorexperienced,cantakeinventoryofthemanybranchingpossibilities,possibleoutcomes,sideeffe cts,andundesiredconsequencesofapolicyoracourseofactioninamatterofseconds.Yet,thosewhopridethemse1 vesonbeingdecisiveoftentrytodojustthat.Andoncetheirbrainslockontoanopinion,mostoftheirthinkingthe reafterconsistsoffindingsupportforit.Averyserioussideeffectofargumentativedecisionmakingcanbealackofsupportforthechosencourseofac tiononthepatofthe“losing”faction.Whenonefactionwinsthemeetingandtheothersseethemselvesaslosing, thebat tleoftendoesn’tendwhenthemeetingends.Anger,resentment,andjealousymayleadthemtosabotagethe4 ecisionlater,ortoreopenthedebateatlatermeetings.Thereisabetter.AsphilosopherAldousHuxleysaid,“Itisn’twhoisright,butwhatisright,thatcounts.”Thestructured-inquirymethodoffersabetteralternativetoargumentativedecisionmakingbydebate.With thehelpoftheInternetandwirelesscomputertechnologythegapbetweenexpertsandexecutivesisnowbeingdrama ticallyclosed.Byactuallyputtingthebrakesonthethinkingprocess,slowingitdown,andorganizingtheflowof logic,it’spossibletocreatealevelofclaritythatsheerargumentationcannevermatch.Thestructured-inquiryprocessintroducesalevelofconceptualclaritybyorganizingthecontributionsof theexperts,thenbringstheexpertsandthedecisionmakersclosertogether.Althoughitisn’tpossibleorneces saryforapresidentorprimeministertolisteninoneveryintelligenceanalysismeeting,it’spossibletoorgan izetheexperts’informationtogivethedecisionmakermuchgreaterinsightastoitsmeaning.Thisprocessmayso mewhatresembleamarketingfocusgroup;it’sasimple,remarkablycleverwaytobringdecisionmakersclosertot hesourceoftheexpertinformationandopinionsonwhichtheymustbasetheirdecisions.4l．Fromthefirstparagraphwecanlearnthat.A．executive,specializedexpert,arenomorecleverthanpersoninthestreetB．veryfewpeopledec1debeforetheythinkC．thosewhopridethemselvesonbeingdecisiveoftenfailtodosoD．peopletendtoconsidercarefullybeforemakingdecisions42．Judgingfromthecontext,whatdoestheword“them”(line4,paragraph2)referto?A．Decisionmakers.B．The“losing”faction.C．Anger,resentment,andjealousy.D．Otherpeople.43．AldousHuxley’sremark(Paragraph3)impliesthat.A．thereisasubtledifferencebetweenrightandwrongB．wecannottellwhoisrightandwhatiswrongC．whatisrightismoreimportantthanwhoisrightD．whatisrightaccountsforthequestionwhoisright44．Accordingtotheauthor,thefunctionofthestructured-inquirymethodis.A．tomakedecisionbydebateB．toapplytheInternetandwirelesscomputertechnology.C．tobrakeonthethinkingprocess,slowingitdownD．tocreatealevelofconceptualclarity45．Thestructured-inquiryprocesscanbeusefulfor.A．decisionmakersB．intelligenceanalysismeetingC．theexperts’informationD．marketingfocusgroupsQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Sportisheadingforanindissolublemarriagewithtelevisionandthepassivespectatorwillenjoyaprivatep aradise.Allofthiswillbeinthefutureofsport.Thespectator(thetelevisionaudience)willbethepriorityand professionalclubswillhavetoreadjusttheirstructurestoadapttothenewreality:sportasabusiness.Thenewtechnologieswillmeanthatspectatorswillnolongerhavetowaitforbroadcastsbytheconventionalc hannels.Theywillbetheoneswhodecidewhattosee.Andtheywillhavetopayforit.IntheUnitedStatesthesystemofthefuturehasalreadystarted:pay-as-you-view.Everythingwillbeofferedbytelevisionandthespectatorwil lonlyhavetochoose.ThereviewSportsIllustratedrecentlypublishedafullprofileofthelifeofthesupportera thomeinthemiddleofthenextcentury.Itexplainedthattheconsumerswouldbeabletoselecttheirviewofthematc honagigantic,flatscreenoccupyingthewholeofonewall,withimagesofaclaritywhichcannotbeforeseenatpres ent;theycouldwat chfromthetrainer’sstandsjustbehindthebatterinagameofbaseballorfromthehelmetofthe starplayerinanAmericanfootballgame.Andattheirdisposalwillbethesaneoptionstheproduceroftherecorded programmerhastoselectreplays,tochoosewhichcameratomeandtodecideonthesoundwhethertohearthepublic,t heplayers,thetrainerandsoon.Manysportsexecutives,largelytoooldandtooconservativetofeelathomewiththenewtechnologieswillbel ievethatsportmustcontroltheexpansionoftelevisioncoverageinordertosurviveandensurethatspectatorsat tendmatches.Theydonotevenaccepttheevidencewhichcontradictstheirviewwhilethereismorebasketballthan everontelevision,forexample,itisalsocertainthatbasketballismorepopularthanever.Itisalsotheargumentofthesesportsexecutivesthattelevisionharmingthemodestteam.Thisistrue,butth efutureofthoseteamsisalsomodest.Theyhavereachedtheirceiling.Itisthelawofthemarket.Thegreateventsc ontinuallyattractlargeraudience.TheworldIbeingconstructedonnewtechnologiessothatpeoplecanmaketheutmostuseoftheirtimeand,inthe irhomehaveaccesstothegreatestpossiblerangeofrecreationalactivities.Sportwillhavetoadaptitselftoth enewworld.Themostvisionaryexecutivesgofurther.Thatphilosophyis:ratherthanseetelevisiontakeoversportwhyn othavesportstakenovertelevision?46．Whatdoesthewritermeanbyuseofthephrase“anindissolublemarriage”inthefirstparagraph?A．sportiscombinedwithtelevision.B．sportcontrolstelevision.C．televisiondictatessports.D．Sportandtelevisionwillgotheirownways47．Wha tdoes“they”inline2paragraph2standfor?A．Broadcasts.B．Channels.C．Spectators.D．Technologies.48．Howdomanysportsexecutivesfeelwiththenewtechnologies?A．theyaretoooldtodoanything.B．Theyfeelillatease.C．Theyfeelcompletelyathome.D．Technologiescangohandinhandwithsports.49．Whatisgoingtobediscussedinthefollowingparagraphs?A．thephilosophyofvisionaryexecutives.B．Theprocessoftelevisiontakingoversport.C．Televisioncoverageexpansion.D．Anexampletoshowhowsporthastakenovertelevision.50．Whatmightbetheappropriatetitleofthispassage?A．theargumentsofsportsexecutives.B．Thephilosophyofvisionaryexecutives.C．Sportsandtelevisioninthe21stcentury.D．Sports:abusiness.Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Conveniencefoodhelpscompaniesbycreatinggrowth,butwhatisitseffectonpeople?Forpeoplewhothinkcoo kingwasthefoundationofcivilization,themicrowaveisthelastenemy.ThecommunionofeatingtogetherIseasilybrokenbyadevicethatliberateshouseholdscitizensfromwaitingformealtimes.Thefirstgreatr evolutioninthehistoryoffoodisindangerofbeingundone.Thecompanionshipofthecampfire,cookingpotandcom montable,whichhavehelpedtobondhumansincollaborativelivingforatleast150000yearscouldbedestroyed.Mealshavecertainlysatedfromtheriseofconveniencefood.TheonlymealsregularlytakentogetherinBrita inthesedaysareattheweekend,amongrichfamiliesstrugglingtoretainsomethingoftheoldsymboloftogetherne ss.Indeed,theday’sfirstmealhasallbutdisappeared.Inthe20thcenturytheleisureBritishbreakfastwasund erminedbythecornflake;inthe21stbreakfastisvanishingaltogetheravictimofthequickcupofcoffeeinStarbu cksandthecerealbar.Conveniencefoodhasalsomadepeopleforgethowtocookoneoftheapparentparadoxesofmodernfoodisthatwhi letheamountoftimespentcookingmealshasfallenfrom60minutesadayin1980to13Madayin2002,thenumberofcook sandtelevisionprogram meroncookinghasmultiplied.Butperhapsthisisn’taparadox.Maybeitisbecamepeople can’tcookanymore,sotheyneedtobetoldhowtodoit,ormaybeitisbecausepeoplebuybooksabouthobbies---golf ,yachting---notaboutchores.Cookinghasceasedtobeachoreandhasbecomeahobby.Althougheverybodylivesinthekitchen.itsfacilitiesareincreasinglyfordisplayratherthanforuse.Mr. Silverstein’snowbook,”tradingup”lookatmid-rangeconsumer’smillingnowtosplashout.Hesaysthatindu strial–styleVikingcookpot,withnearlytwicetheheatoutputofotherranges,havehelpedtopu shthe“kitchen astheater”trendinhourgoods.Theycostfrom$1000to$9000.Some75%ofthemareneverused.Conveniencealsohasanimpactonthehealthiness,orotherwise,offood,ofcoursethereisnothingbadaboutr eadytoeatfooditself.Youdon’tgetmuchhealthierthananapple,andsupermarkets sellabetterforyourangeofr eady-meals.Butthereisalimittothenumberofapplespeoplewanttoeat;andthesedaysitiseasierforpeopletoea tthekindoffoodthatmakesthemfatThethreeHarvardeconomistsintheirpaper“whyhaveAmericansbecomemoreob ese?”pointoutthatinthepast,ifpeoplewan tedtoeatfattyhotfood,theyhadtocookit.Thattooktimeandenergy agoodchipneedsfryingtwice,oncetocookthepotatoandoncetogetitcrispy.Whichdiscouragedofconsumptionof thatcostoffood.Masspreparationoffoodtookawaythatconstraint.Nobodyhastocutanddoublecooktheirownfri esthesedays.Whohasthetime?51．Whatmightthepreviousparagraphsdealwith?A．Therelationshipbetweenmealsandconveniencefood.B．Theimportanceofconveniencefoodinpeople’slife.C．Theriseofconveniencefood. D．Thehistoryoffoodindustry. 52．Whatistheparadoxinthethirdparagraph? A．Peopledon’tknowhowtocook. B．Thefacilitiesinthekitchenarenottotallyused. C．Peoplearebecomingmoreobsess,thusunhealthy. D．Conveniencefoodactuallydoesnotsavepeoplethrive. 53．Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss? A．ThebadeffectsofconveniencefoodB．Mr.Silverstei n’snewbookC．People’snewhobby D．Disappearanceoftheoldsymboloftogetherness. 54．WhyhasAmericanbecomemoreobsess? A．Becauseofeatingchips.B．Becauseofbeingbusy.C．Becauseofbeinglazy.D．BandC. 55．Whichofthefollowingmighttheanothermostlyagreewith? A．Thereisnothingbadaboutconveniencefood. B．Conveniencefoodmakespeoplelazy. C．Conveniencefoodhelpscompaniesgrow.D．Conveniencefoodisarevolutionincooking.SectionIVTranslationDirections:InthissectionthereisapassageinEnglish.TranslatethefivesentencesunderlinedintoChineseandwritey ourtranslationonANSWERSHEET2.(15points)Anartmuseumdirectorwithforesightmightfollowtrendsincomputergraphicstomakeexhibitmoreappealing toyoungervisitor.Forinstances,capablecorporatemanagermightseealarmingriseinlocalhousingpricethatcouldaffectava ilabilityofskilledworkersintheregion.Peopleingovernmentalsoneedforesighttokeepsystemrunningsmoothly,toplaybudgetandpreventwar.Manyofthebestknowntechniqueforforesightweredevelopedbygovernmentplanner,especiallyinthemilita ry,thinkingabouttheunthinkable.Thefuturistrecognizedthatthefutureworldiscontinuingwithpresetworld.Wecanlearnagreatdealaboutw hatmanyhappeninthefuturebylookingsystematicallyatwhatishappynow.Section V WritingDirections:Inthissection,youarerequiretowriteacomposition.Youshouldwritemorethan150wordsneatlyonANSWERSH EET2.(20points)（大意）“五一”、“十一”长假已逐步为人们所习惯，她给百姓带来了充足的娱乐休闲机会，更促进了旅游经济的发展。
MBA 2005年英语真题
Section I VocabularyDirections:There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1 with a pencil.(10 points)1．Advertisers often aim their campaigns at young people as they have considerable spending______.A．power B．force C．energy D．ability2．We’ve bought some _______chairs for the garden so that they are easy to store away.A．adapting B．adjusting C．bending D．folding3． The new speed restrictions were a __debated issue.A．heavily B．hotly C．deeply D．profoundly4．His change of job has ____him with a new challenge in lifeA．introduced B．initiated C．presented D．led5．No ________you’re hungry if you haven’t eaten since yesterday.A．matter B．surprise C．wonder D．problem6．The pianist played beautifully, showing a real _______for the music.A．feeling B．understanding C．appreciation D．sense7．The boss ______into a rage and started shouting at Robert to do as he was told.A．flew B．charged C．rushed D．burst8．Politicians should never lose _______of the needs of the people they representA．view B．sight C．regard D．prospect9．The employees tried to settle the dispute by direct ____with the boss.A．negotiation B．connection C．association D．communication10．You haven’t heard all the facts so don’t _____to conclusions.A．dash B．jump C．much D．fly11．I am ______aware of the need to obey the rules of the competition.A．greatly B．far C．much D．well12．The manager has always attended to the ____of important business himself.A．transaction B．solution C．translation D．stimulation13．As is known to all, a country gets a (an) ____from taxes.A．income B．revenue C．fund D．payment14．The government has decided to reduce ____on all imports.A．fee B．charge C．tariff D．tuition15．The need for financial provision ___not only to producers but also to consumers.A．connects B．links C．associates D．relates16．The ability of bank to create deposits is determined by the ratio of liquid assets which they___ A．mount B．contain C．remain D．maintain17．The first serious prospect of a cure for Aids, a treatment which delays its effects ,ha emerged recently.A．other than B．rather than C．more than D．less than18．His parents died when he was young ,so he was by his grandma .A．bred B．brought up C．fed D．grown19．The Japanese dollar-buying makes traders eager to dollars in fear of another government intervention .A．let in B．let out C．let go of D．let off20．The local people could hardly think of any good way to the disaster of the war .A．shake off B．get off C．put off D．take offSection II CloseDirections:For each numbered blank in the following passage ,there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 with a pencil. (15 points)A few decades ago, the world banking community invented new Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT) systems to move money more efficiently across countries and around the globe. The __21__benefit of such systems was to __22__ the float of capital that was unavailable for ? __23__ checks were being cleared through banking__24__. Today, we understand that benefits of electronic banking are far more _25__ than just reducing floating cash. The world of banking__26__revolutionizeD．It is __27_ more efficient and faster, but more global. And now_28_the Internet, EFT systems are increasingly __29__with the new world of e-commerce and e-trade.__30__1997 and 2003, EFT value__31__from less than $50 trillion to nearly $40 trillion, more than the __32__economic product of all the countries and territories of the entire world. These statistics__33__should emphasize the true importance of transnational EFT Satellite, wireless, and cable-based electronic fund transfers _34__ the hub of global enterprise. Such electronic cash is _35__central to the idea of an emerging “worldwide mind.”Without the satellite and fiber infrastructure to support the flow of electronic funds, the world economy would grind to a halt. 21．A．hiding B．getting C．driving D．giving22．A．introduce B．reduce C．produce D．increase23．A．which B．that C．while D．where24．A．mechanics B．methods C．procedures D．systems25．A．extensive B．intensive C．profound D．great26．A．is B．has C．has been D．had been27．A．far B．even C．just D．not only28．A．with B．by C．for D．on29．A．linked B．integrated C．controlled D．joined30．A．Between B．In C．From D．Among31．A．decreased B．raised C．elevated D．soared32．A．gross B．accelerated C．combined D．collective33．A．lonely B．alone C．only D．merely34．A．present B．represent C．reserve D．comprehend35．A．so B．nevertheless C．thereafter D．thereforeSection III Reading ComprehensionDirections:Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C, and D. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 with a pencil. (15 points)Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:Working at nonstandard times－evenings, nights, or weekends－is taking its toll on American families. One-fifth of all employed Americans work variable or rotating shifts, and one-third work weekends, according to Harriet B. Presser, sociology professor at the University of Maryland. The result is stress on familial relationships, which is likely to continue in coming decades.The consequences of working irregular hours vary according to gender, economic level, and whether or not children are involved. Single mothers are more likely to work nights and weekends than married mothers. Women in clerical, sales, or other low-paying jobs participate disproportionately in working late and graveyard shifts.Married-couple households with children are increasingly becoming dual-earner households, generating more split-shift couples. School-aged children, however, may benefit from parents’nonstandard work schedules because of the greater likelihood that a parent will be home before or after school. On the other hand, a correlation exists between nonstandard work schedules and both marital instability and a decline in the quality of marriages.Nonstandard working hours mean families spend less time together for diner but more time together for breakfast. One-on-one interaction between parents and children varies, however, based on parent, shift, and age of children. There is also a greater reliance on child care by relatives and by professional providers.Working nonstandard hours is less a choice of employees and more a mandate of employer. Presser believes that the need for swing shifts and weekend work will continue to rise in the coming decades. She reports that in some European countries there are substantial salary premiums for employees working irregular hours-sometimes as much as 50% higher. The convenience of having services available 24 hours a day continues to drive this trend.Unfortunately, says Presser, the issue is virtually absent from public discourse. She emphasizes the need for focused studies on costs and benefits of working odd hours, the physical and emotional health of people working nights and weekends, and the reasons behind the necessity for working these hours. “Nonstandard work schedules not only are highly prevalent among American families but also generate a level of complexity in family functioning that needs greater attention,” she says.36．Which of the following demonstrates that working at nonstandard times is taking its toll on American families？A．Stress on familial relationships．B．Rotating shifts.C．Evenings，nights，or weekends. D．Its consequences.37．Which of the following is affected most by working irregular hours？A．Children. B．Marriage. C．Single mothers. D．Working women.38．Who would be in favor of the practice of working nonstandard hours？A．Children. B．Parents. C．Employees D．Professional child providers.39．It is implied that the consequences of nonstandard work schedules are .A．Emphasized B．Absent C．neglected D．prevalent40．What is the author’s attitude towards working irregular hours？A．Positive. B．Negative. C．Indifferent. D．Objective.Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage:Most human beings actual1y decide before they think. When any human bein g－executive,specialized expert, or person in the stree t－encounters a complex issue and forms an o p inion,often within a matter of seconds, how thoroughly has he or she explored the implications of the v arious courses of action? Answer: not very th oroughly. Very few people, no matter how inte1ligent or expe r ienced,can take inve n tory of the ma n y branching pos sibilities, possible outcomes, side effects, and undesired consequences of a policy or a course of acti on in a matter of seconds. Yet, those who pride themse1ves on being decisive often try to do just that. And once their brains lock onto an opinion, most of their thinking thereafter consists of finding support f o r it.A very serious side effect of argumentative decision m akin g can be a lack of su pp ort for the chosen course of action on the pa r t of the“losing”faction. Wh en on e facti o n wins the meeting and the others see themselves as l osing, the battle o ften doesn’t end when the meeting end s. Ange r,resentment, and jealousy may lead them to sabotage the d ecision later, or to reo p en the debate at later meetings.There is a better. As philosopher Aldous Huxley said, “It isn’t who is right, but what is right, that counts.”The str u ct u red-inquiry method off e rs a better alternative to argumentative decision making by debate. W i th the hel p of the Inte rn et and wireless com p uter technology the ga p between experts and executives is now being dramatically closed. By actually putting the brakes on the thinking process, slowing it down, and organizing the flow of logic, it’s pos sible to create a level of cl ari ty that sheer argumentation can never match.The str u ctured-inquiry process introduces a leve l o f conceptual clarity by organizing the contributions of the experts, then brings the experts and the decision makers closer tog e ther.Although it isn’t possible or necess ary f o r a president or pri m e m i nister to listen in on every intell i gence analysis meeting, it’s possible to organize the experts’ information to give the deci si on maker much greater insight as to its meaning. This process may somewhat resemble a marketing fo cus group; it’s a sim p le, remarkably clever way to bring decision makers closer to the source of the expert information and opinions on which they must base their decisions.4l．Fr o m the first paragraph we can lea rn tha t .A．executive, s p ecialized expert, are no more clever than person in the streetB．v er y few peo p le dec1de before they thinkC．those who pride themselves on being decisive often fail to do soD．peo p le tend t o consider caref ull y be fore making decisions42．Judging fr om the c onte xt, w hat does the word “the m” (line 4, p ar agra p h 2) refe r to?A．Decision makers.B．The “losing” fac ti on.C．Anger, resentment, and jealousy.D．Other peo p le.43．Aldous Huxley’s remark (Paragra p h 3) im p lies that .A．there is a subtle difference between right and wrongB．we cannot tell who is right and what is wrongC．what is right is more im p ortant than who is rightD．what is right account s for the question who is right44．Accord i ng to the auth or, the func ti on of the s tru ctured-inqu ir y method is .A．to make decision by debateB．to apply the Inte rn et and wireless com p uter technology.C．to br ak e on the t hi nking pr ocess, slowing it downD．to c reate a level of conceptual clarity45．The s tru ctured-inqu ir y process can be useful for .A．decision makersB．intelligence analysis mee ti ngC．the expert s’ info rm ationD．marketing focus grou p sQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage:Sport is heading for an indissoluble marriage with television and the passive spectator will enjoy a private paradise. All of this will be in the future of sport. The spectator (the television audience) will be the priority and professional clubs will have to readjust their structures to adapt to the new reality: sport as a business.The new technologies will mean that spectators will no longer have to wait for broadcasts by the conventional channels. They will be the ones who decide what to see. And they will have to pay for it. In the United States the system of the future has already started: pay-as-you-view. Everything will be offered by television and the spectator will only have to choose. The review Sports Illustrated recently published a full profile of the life of the supporter at home in the middle of the next century. It explained that the consumers would be able to select their view of the match on a gigantic, flat screen occupying the whole of one wall, with images of a clarity which cannot be foreseen at present; they could watch from the trainer’s stands just behind the batter in a game of baseball or from the helmet of the star player in an American football game. And at their disposal will be the sane option s the producer of the recorded programmer has to select replays, to choose which camera to me and to decide on the sound whether to hear the public, the players, the trainer and so on.Many sports executives, largely too old and too conservative to feel at home with the new technologies will believe that sport must control the expansion of television coverage in order to survive and ensure that spectators attend matches. They do not even accept the evidence which contradicts their view while there is more basketball than ever on television, for example, it is also certain that basketball is more popular than ever.It is also the argument of these sports executives that television harming the modest team. This is true, but the future of those teams is also modest. They have reached their ceiling . It is the law of the market. The great events continually attract larger audience.The world I being constructed on new technologies so that people can make the utmost use of their time and , in their home have access to the greatest possible range of recreational activities. Sport will have to adapt itself to the new world.The most visionary executives go further. That philosophy is: rather than see television take over sport why not have sports taken over television?46．What does the writer mean by use of the phrase “an indissoluble marriage” in the first paragraph?A．sport is combined with television.B．sport controls television.C．television dictates sports.D．Sport and television will go their own ways47．What does “they” in line 2 paragraph 2 stand for?A．Broadcasts. B．Channels. C．Spectators. D．Technologies.48．How do many sports executives feel with the new technologies?A．they are too old to do anything.B．They feel ill at ease.C．They feel completely at home.D．Technologies can go hand in hand with sports.49．What is going to be discussed in the following paragraphs?A．the philosophy of visionary executives.B．The process of television taking over sport.C．Television coverage expansion.D．An example to show how sport has taken over television.50．What might be the appropriate title of this passage?A．the arguments of sports executives.B．The philosophy of visionary executives.C．Sports and television in the 21st century.D．Sports: a business.Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage:Convenience food helps companies by creating growth, but what is its effect on people? For people who think cooking was the foundation of civilization ,the microwave is the last enemy. The communion of eating togetherIs easily broken by a device that liberates households citizens from waiting for mealtimes. The first great revolution in the history of food is in danger of being undone. The companionship of the campfire, cooking pot and common table, which have helped to bond humans in collaborative living for at least 150000 years could be destroyed.Meals have certainly sated from the rise of convenience food. The only meals regularly taken together in Britain these days are at the weekend, among rich families struggling to retain something of the old symbol of togetherness. Indeed, the day’s first meal has all but disappeared. In the 20th century the leisure British breakfast was undermined by the corn flake; in the 21stbreakfast is vanishing altogether a victim of the quick cup of coffee in Starbucks and the cereal bar.Convenience food has also made people forget how to cook one of the apparent paradoxes of modern food is that while the amount of time spent cooking meals has fallen from 60 minutes a day in 1980 to 13M a day in 2002, the number of cooks and television programmer on cooking has multiplied. But perhaps this isn’t a paradox. Maybe it is became people can’t cook anymore, so they need to be told how to do it, or maybe it is because people buy books about hobbies---golf, yachting ---not about chores. Cooking has ceased to be a chore and has become a hobby.Although everybody lives in the kitchen. its facilities are increasingly for display rather than for use. Mr. Silverstein’s now book, ”trading up” look at mid-range consumer’s milling now to splash out. He says that industrial –style Viking cook pot, with nearly twice the heat output of other ranges, have helped to push the “kitchen as theater”trend in hour goods. They cost from $1000 to $9000.Some 75% of them are never used.Convenience also has an impact on the healthiness, or otherwise, of food ,of course there is nothing bad about ready to eat food itself. You don’t get much healthier than an apple, and supermarkets sell a better for you range of ready-meals. But there is a limit to the number of apples people want to eat; and these days it is easier for people to eat the kind of food that makes them fat The three Harvard economists in their paper “why have Americans become more obese?”point out that in the past, if people wanted to eat fatty hot food, they had to cook it. That took time and energy a good chip needs frying twice, once to cook the potato and once to get it crispy. Which discouraged of consumption of that cost of food. Mass preparation of food took away that constraint. Nobody has to cut and double cook their own fries these days. Who has the time?51．What might the previous paragraphs deal with?A．The relationship between meals and convenience food.B．The importance of convenience food in people’s life.C．The rise of convenience food.D．The history of food industry.52 ．What is the paradox in the third paragraph?A．People don’t know how to cook.B．The facilities in the kitchen are not totally used.C．People are becoming more obsess ,thus unhealthy.D．Convenience food actually does not save people thrive.53．What does the passage mainly discuss?A．The bad effects of convenience foodB．Mr. Silverstein’s new bookC．People’s new hobbyD．Disappearance of the old symbol of togetherness.54．Why has American become more obsess?A．Because of eating chips. B．Because of being busy.C．Because of being lazy. D．B and C.55 ．Which of the following might the another mostly agree with?A．There is nothing bad about convenience food.B．Convenience food makes people lazy.C．Convenience food helps companies grow.D．Convenience food is a revolution in cooking.Section IV TranslationDirections:In this section there is a passage in English. Translate the five sentences underlined into Chinese and write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)①An art museum director with foresight might follow trends in computer graphics to make exhibit more appealing to younger visitor.②For instances, capable corporate manager might see alarming rise in local housing price that could affect availability of skilled workers in the region.③People in government also need foresight to keep system running smoothly, to play budget and prevent war.④Many of the best known technique for foresight were developed by government planner, especially in the military, thinking about the unthinkable.⑤The futurist recogni z ed that the future world is continue with preset world. We can learn a great deal about what many happen in the future by looking systematically at what is happy now.Section V WritingDirections:In this section, you are require to write a composition. You should write more than 150 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)（大意）“五一”、“十一”长假已逐步为人们所习惯，她给百姓带来了充足的娱乐休闲机会，更促进了旅游经济的发展。
MBA英语真题及答案详解
2005年MBA英语真题及答案详解考生须知选择题的答案须用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上，其它笔填涂的或做在试卷或其它类型答题卡上的答案无效。
其他题一律用蓝色或黑色钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸上按规定要求作答，凡做在试卷上或未做在指定位置的答案无效。
交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭据）。
否则，所产生的一切后果由考生自负。
2005年全国攻读工商管理硕士研究生入学考试英语试题Section I V ocabulary (10 points)Directions:There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.1. Advertises often aim their campaigns at young people as they have considerable spending _____.A. powerB. forceC. energyD. ability2. We've bought some ______ chairs for the garden so that they are easy to store awayA. adaptingB. adjustingC. bindingD. folding3. The new speed restrictions were a ______ debated issue,A. heavilyB. hotlyC. deeplyD. profoundly4. His change of job has ____ him with a new challenge in lifeA. introducedB. initiatedC. presentedD. led5. No _____you're hungry if you haven't eaten since yesterdayA. matterB. surpriseC. wonderD. problem6. The pianist played beautifully, showing a real _____ for the musicA. feelingB. understandingC. appreciationD. sense7. The boss into a rage and started shouting at Robert to do as he was toldA. flewB. chargedC. rushedD. burst8. Politicians should never lose ______ of the needs of the people they representA. viewB. sightC. regardD. prospect9. The employees tried to settle the dispute by direct _____with the bossA, negotiation B. connection C. association D. communication10. You haven't heard all the facts so don't _____ to conclusionsA. dashB. jumpC. muchD. fly11. I am _____ aware of the need to obey the vales of the competitionA. greatlyB. farC. muchD. well12. The manager has always attended to the _____ of important business himselfA. transactionB. solutionC. translationD. stimulation13. As is known to all a country gets a (an) ______from taxesA income B. revenue C. Rind D. paymentI4, The government has decided to reduce ______ on all imports.A. feeB. chargeC. tariffD. tuition15. The need for financial provision not only to producers but also to consumersA. connectsB. links C .associates D. relates16. The ability of bank to create deposits is determined by the ratio of liouid assets which they___.A. mount.B. containC. remainD. maintain17 .The first serious prospect of a cure for Aids_____ a treatment which delays its effectsha emergedother than B. rather than C. more than D. less than18. His parents died when he was young, so he was ____ by his grandmaA. bredB. broughtC. fedD. grown19.The Japanese dollar-buying makes traders eager to ______dollars in fear of another government inter/A. let inB. let outC. let go ofD. let off it’s20. The local people could hardly think of any good way to ______ the disaster of the warA. shake offB. get offC. put offD. take offSection II Cloze (10 points)Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.A few decades ago, the world banking community invented new Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT) systems to move money more efficiently across countries and around the globe. The ___21__benefit of such systems was to __22___the float of capital that was unavailable for ? __23__ checks were being cleared through banking__24__. Today, we understand that benefits of electronic banking are far more _25__ than just reducing floating cash. The world of banking__26__revolutionizeD．It is __27_ more efficient and faster, but more global. And now_28_the Internet, EFT systems are increasingly __29__with the new world of e-commerce and e-trade.__30__1997 and 2003, EFT value__31__from less than $50 trillion to nearly $40 trillion, more than the __32__economic product of all the countries and territories of the entire world. These statistics__33__should emphasize the true importance of transnational EFT Satellite, wireless, and cable-based electronic fund transfers _34__ the hub of global enterprise.Such electronic cash is _35__central to the idea of an emerging “worldwide mind.” Without the satellite and fiber infrast ructure to support the flow of electronic funds, the world economy would grind to a halt.Section III Reading comprehension (40 points)Directions:Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C and D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.Passage OneWorking at nonstandard times-----evenings, nights, or weekends----is taking its toll on American families. One-fifth of all employed Americans work variable or rotating shifts, and one-third work weekends, according to Harriet B. Presser, sociology professor at the University of Maryland. The result is stress on familial relationships, which is likely to continue in coming decades.The consequences of working irregular hours vary according to gender, economic level, and whether or not children are involved. Single mothers are more likely to work nights and weekends than married mothers. Women in clerical, sales, or other low-paying jobs participate disproportionately in working late and graveyard shifts.Married-couple households with children are increasingly becoming dual-earner households, generating more split-shift couples. School-aged children, however, may benefit from parents’nonstandard work schedules because of the greater likelihood that a parent will be home before or after school. On the other hand, a correlation exists between nonstandard work schedules and both marital instability and a decline in the quality of marriages.Nonstandard working hours mean families spend less time together for diner but more time together for breakfast. One-on-one interaction between parents and children varies, however, based on parent, shift, and age of children. There is also a greater reliance on child care by relatives and by professional providers.Working nonstandard hours is less a choice of employees and more a mandate of employer. Presser believes that the need for swing shifts and weekend work will continue to rise in the coming decades. She reports that in some European countries there are substantial salary premiums for employees working irregular hours-sometimes as much as 50% higher. The convenience of having services available 24 hours a day continues to drive this trend.Unfortunately, says Presser, the issue is virtually absent from public discourse. She emphasizes the need for focused studies on costs and benefits of working odd hours, the physical and emotional health of people working nights and weekends, and the reasons behind the necessity for working these hours. “Nonstandard work schedules not only are highly prevalent among American families but also generate a level of complexity in family functi oning that needs greater attention,” she says./36．Which of the following demonstrates that working at nonstandard times is taking its toll on American families？A．Stress on familial relationships．B．Rotating shifts.C．Evenings，nights，or weekends.D．Its consequences.37．Which of the following is affected most by working irregular hours？A．Children.B．Marriage.C．Single mothers.D．Working women.38．Who would be in favor of the practice of working nonstandard hours？A．Children.B．Parents.C．EmployeesD．Professional child providers.39．It is implied that the consequences of nonstandard work schedules are .A．emphasizedB．absentC．neglectedD．prevalent40．What is the author’s attitude towards working irregular hours？A．Positive.B．Negative.C．Indifferent.D．Objective.Passage TwoMost human beings actual1y decide before they think. When any human being----executive, specialized expert, or person in the street----encounters a complex issue and forms an opinion, often within amatter of seconds, how thoroughly has he or she explored the implications of the various courses of action? Answer: not very thoroughly. Very few people, no matter how inte1ligent or experienced, can take inventory of the many branching possibilities, possible outcomes, side effects, and undesired consequences of a policy or a course of action in a matter of seconds. Yet, those who pride themse1ves on being decisive often try to do just that. And once their brains lock onto an opinion, most of their thinking thereafter consists of finding support for it.A very serious side effect of argumentative decision making can be a lack of support for the chosen course of action on the pat of the “losing”faction. When one faction wins the meeting and the others see themselves as losing, the battle often doesn’t end when the meeting ends. Anger, resentment, and jealousy may lead them to sabotage the 4ecision later, or to reopen the debate at later meetings.There is a better. As philosopher Aldous Huxley said, “It isn’t who is right, but what is right, that counts.”The structured-inquiry method offers a better alternative to argumentative decision making by debate. With the help of the Internet and wireless computer technology the gap between experts and executives is now being dramatically closed. By actually putting the brakes on the thinking process, slowing it down, and organizing the flow of logic, it’s possible to create a level of clarity that sheer argumentation can never match.The structured-inquiry process introduces a level of conceptual clarity by organizing the contributions of the experts, then brings the experts and the decision makers closer together. Although it isn’t possible or necessary for a president or prime minister to listen in on every intelligence analysis meeting, it’s possible to organize the experts’ information to give the decision maker much greater insight as to its meaning. This process m ay somewhat resemble a marketing focus group; it’s a simple, remarkably clever way to bring decision makers closer to the source of the expert information and opinions on which they must base their decisions.4l．From the first paragraph we can learn that .A．executive, specialized expert, are no more clever than person in the streetB．very few people dec1de before they thinkC．those who pride themselves on being decisive often fail to do soD．people tend to consider carefully before making decisions42．Judging from the context, what does the word “them”(line 4, paragraph 2) refer to?/A．Decision makers.B．The “losing”faction.C．Anger, resentment, and jealousy.D．Other people.43．Aldous Huxley’s remark (Paragraph 3) implies that .A．there is a subtle difference between right and wrongB．we cannot tell who is right and what is wrongC．what is right is more important than who is rightD．what is right accounts for the question who is right44．According to the author, the function of the structured-inquiry method is .A．to make decision by debateB．to apply the Internet and wireless computer technology.C．to brake on the thinking process, slowing it downD．to create a level of conceptual clarity45．The structured-inquiry process can be useful for .A．decision makersB．intelligence analysis meetingC．the experts’informationD．marketing focus groupsPassage ThreeSport is heading for an indissoluble marriage with television and the passive spectator will enjoy a private paradise. All of this will be in the future of sport. The spectator (the television audience) will be the priority and professional clubs will have to readjust their structures to adapt to the new reality: sport as a business.The new technologies will mean that spectators will no longer have to wait for broadcasts by the conventional channels. They will be the ones who decide what to see. And they will have to pay for it. In the United States the system of the future has already started: pay-as-you-view. Everythingwill be offered by television and the spectator will only have to choose. The review Sports Illustrated recently published a full profile of the life of the supporter at home in the middle of the next century. It explained that the consumers would be able to select their view of the match on a gigantic, flat screen occupying the whole of one wall, with images of a clarity which cannot be foreseen at present; they could watch from the trainer’s stands just behind the batter in a game of baseball or from the helmet of the star player in an American football game. And at their disposal will be the sane option s the producer of the recorded programmer has to select replays, to choose which camera to me and to decide on the sound whether to hear the public, the players, the trainer and so on.Many sports executives, largely too old and too conservative to feel at home with the new technologies will believe that sport must control the expansion of television coverage in order to survive and ensure that spectators attend matches. They do not even accept the evidence which contradicts their view while there is more basketball than ever on television, for example, it is also certain that basketball is more popular than ever.It is also the argument of these sports executives that television harming the modest teams. This is true, but the future of those team is also modest. They have reached their ceiling . It is the law of the market. The great events continually attract larger audience.The world I being constructed on new technologies so that people can make the utmost use of their time and , in their home have access to the greatest possible range of recreational activities. Sport will have to adapt itself to the new world.The most visionary executives go further. That philosophy is: rather than see television take over sport why not have sports taken over television?46．What does the writer mean by use of the phrase “an indissoluble marriage”in the first paragraph?/A．sport is combined with television.B．sport controls television.C．television dictates sports.D．Sport and television will go their own ways47．What does “they”in line 2 paragraph 2 stand for?A．Broadcasts.B．Channels.C．Spectators.D．Technologies.48．How do many sports executives feel with the new technologies?A．they are too old to do anything.B．They feel ill at ease.C．They feel completely at home.D．Technologies can go hand in hand with sports.49．What is going to be discussed in the following paragraphs?A．the philosophy of visionary executives.B．The process of television taking over sport.C．Television coverage expansion.D．An example to show how sport has taken over television.50．What might be the appropriate title of this passage?A．the arguments of sports executives.B．The philosophy of visionary executives.C．Sports and television in the 21st century.D．Sports: a business.Passage FourConvenience food helps companies by creating growth, but what is its effect on people? For people who think cooking was the foundation of civilization ,the microwave is the last enemy. The communion of eating togetherIs easily broken by a device that liberates households citizens from waiting for mealtimes. The first great revolution in the history of food is in danger of being undone. The companionship of the campfire, cooking pot and common table, which have helped to bond humans in collaborative living for at least 150000 years could be destroyed.Meals have certainly sated from the rise of convenience food. The only meals regularly takentogether in Britain these days are at the weekend, among rich families struggling to retain something of the old symbol of to getherness. Indeed, the day’s first meal has all but disappeared. In the 20th century the leisure British breakfast was undermined by the corn flake; in the 21st breakfast is vanishing altogether a victim of the quick cup of coffee in Starbucks and the cereal bar.Convenience food has also made people forget how to cook one of the apparent paradoxes of modern food is that while the amount of time spent cooking meals has fallen from 60 minutes a day in 1980 to 13M a day in 2002, the number of cooks and television programmer on cooking has multiplied. But per haps this isn’t a paradox. Maybe it is became people can’t cook anymore, so they need to be told how to do it, or maybe it is because people buy books about hobbies---golf, yachting ---not about chores. Cooking has ceased to be a chore and has become a hobby.Although everybody lives in the kitchen. its facilities are increasingly for display rather than for use. Mr. Silverstein’s now book, ”trading up”look at mid-range consumer’s milling now to splash out. He says that industrial --style Viking cook pot, with nearly twice the heat output of other ranges, have helped to push the “kitchen as theater” trend in hour goods. They cost from $1000 to $9000.Some 75% of them are never used.Convenience also has an impact on the healthiness, or otherwise, of food ,of course there is nothing bad about ready to eat food itself. You don’t get much healthier than an apple, and supermarkets sell a better for you range of ready-meals. But there is a limit to the number of apples people want to eat; and these days it is easier for people to eat the kind of food that makes them fa t The three Harvard economists in their paper “why have Americans become more obese?” point out that in the past, if people wanted to eat fatty hot food, they had to cook it. That took time and energy a good chip needs frying twice, once to cook the potato and once to get it crispy. Which discouraged of consumption of that cost of food. Mass preparation of food took away that constraint. Nobody has to cut and d ouble cook their own fries these days. Who has the time?51．What might the previous paragraphs deal with?A．The relationship between meals and convenience food.B．The importance of convenience food in people’s life.C．The rise of convenience food.D．The history of food industry./52 ．What is the paradox in the third paragraph?A．People don’t know how to cook.B．The facilities in the kitchen are not totally used.C．People are becoming more obsess ,thus unhealthy.D．Convenience food actually does not save people thrive.53．What does the passage mainly discuss?A．The bad effects of convenience foodB．Mr. Silverstein’s new bookC．People’s new hobbyD．Disappearance of the old symbol of togetherness.54．Why has American become more obsess?A．Because of eating chips.B．Because of being busy.C．Because of being lazy.D．B and C.55 ．Which of the following might the another mostly agree with?A．There is nothing bad about convenience food.B．Convenience food makes people lazy.C．Convenience food helps companies grow.D．Convenience food is a revolution in cooking.Section IV Translation (20 points)Directions:In this section there is a passage in English. Translate the five sentences underlined into Chinese and write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2.An art museum director with foresight might follow trends in computer graphics to make exhibit more appealing to younger visitor.For instances, capable corporate manager might see alarming rise in local housing price that couldaffect availability of skilled workers in the region. People in government also need foresight to keep system running smoothly, to play budget and prevent war.Many of the best known technique for foresight were developed by government planner, especially in the military, thinking about the unthinkable.The futurist recognized that the future world is continuing with preset world. We can learn a great deal about what many happen in the future by looking systematically at what is happy nowSection V Writing (20 points)Directions:In this part, you are asked to write a composition according to the information below. You should write more than 150 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.“五一”、“十一”长假已逐步为人们所习惯，她给百姓带来了充足的娱乐休闲机会，更促进了旅游经济的发展。
2005年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语试题答案解析
2005年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语试题答案解析2005年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语试题答案解析Part I Dialogue Communication (1 5 points)Section A1. B。
解析：A说：我工作到今天凌晨两点，都累坏了。
B 选项中Take it easy“工作别太紧张“，注意休息。
C 选项中take time off“抽出一部分时间可用来干别的事情”，let it be“随它去，任它那样”；D 选项中Take it or leave it“要么接受，要么放弃；要不要随你便”。
2. C。
解析：句型why don’t you…?表示提议，建议，意思是“。
怎么样？。
行吗？”D 选项中that’s OK 给人感觉很勉强，显得生硬，不礼貌。
(1)drop by顺便来访I'll drop by on my way home if I have time. 有空的话回家途中我会顺便来看你。
On her way back, she dropped by her brother's house. 在回家途中她顺便到弟弟家看看。
(2)take along随身带着;携带;带上; 沿著shall I take you along? 要不要我带你一块去？forgot to take some water along. 我忘了带水了。
Take a stroll along the Seine River.沿著塞纳河漫步。
3. A。
解析：A说：Smith医生周三都预约满了，你周四来行吗？是在征求B的意见，B应该表示是否可行。
engage vt. 吸引, 占用；雇, 聘; 答应, 保证vt. & vi. (使)从事于, (使)忙于He is engaged at a bank. 他受雇于一家银行。
The typist is engaged for a week on trial. 那位打字员被试用一周。
2005年MBA(英语)真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2005年MBA（英语）真题试卷(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1.A few decades ago, the world banking community invented new Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT) systems to move money more efficiently across countries and around the globe. The【1】benefit of such systems was to【2】the float of capital that was unavailable for use【3】checks were being cleared through banking【4】Today, we understand that the benefits of electronic banking are far more【5】than just reducing floating cash. The entire world of banking【6】revolutionized. It is【7】more efficient and faster, but also more global. And now【8】the Internet, EFT systems are increasingly【9】with the new world of e-commerce and e-trade. 【10】1997 and 2003, EFT value【11】from less than $50 trillion to nearly $400 trillion, more than the 【12】economic product of all the countries and territories of the entire world. These statistics【13】should emphasize the true importance of transnational EFT. Satellite, wireless, and cable-based electronic fund transfers【14】the hub of global enterprise. Such electronic cash is【15】central to the idea of an emerging “worldwide mind”. Without the satellite and fiber infrastructure to support the flow of electronic funds, the world economy would grind to a halt.1．A．hidingB．gettingC．drivingD．giving正确答案：C解析：the driving benefit即“具有推进作用的好处”。
2005年10月真题
Part I Dialogue Communication(15 minutes，15 points)Section A Dialogue Completion1. Speaker A: I'm exhausted. I had to work until 2 o'clock this morning.Speaker B:_________A. Don't worry too much. You can do it later.B. Take it easy. You didn't have to work so hard.C. Take time off and let it be.D. Take it or leave it. You don't have to do it.2. Speaker A: My apartment is only 10 minutes' walk from the office. Why don't you drop by some time?Speaker B:____________A. Because I didn't know you live so close by.B. Because I didn't want to bother you.C. I'd love to. Can I take my roommate along?D. That's OK. I'll be there soon.3. Speaker A: Doctor Smith is engaged on Wednesday. Would you like to come on Thursday?Speaker B:____________A. Thursday would be fine.B. See you then.C. Thank you very much. Good-bye.D. It's very kind of you.4. Speaker A: We came so close, really. We almost won that game!Speaker B:___________A. There, there.B. There's no use crying over spilt milk.C. You guys were superb.D. I couldn't care less.5. Speaker A: Don't you think the concert is terrific?Speaker B:____________A. I want to hear other opinions.B. It certainly is. And I really like the band.C. Yes, the concert is terrible.D. No, everything went on perfectly.Section B Dialogue Comprehension6. Woman: What do you like to do on your summer vacation?Man: I like nothing better than fishing on a hot summer day. Question: What does the man mean.?A. He doesn't like fishing on a hot summer day.B. Although he likes fishing, he doesn't want to do it on a hot summer day.C. Fishing is his favorite pastime on a hot summer day.D. He likes nothing, including fishing on a hot summer day.7. Woman: I heard John and Frank had a quarrel.Man: Oh, they soon made up.Question : What does the man mean?A. John and Frank had an argument, but now they are friends again.B. John and Frank hate each other since their argument.C. John and Frank pretended that they had a quarrel.D. John and Frank often quarrel though they are friends.8. Woman: I've changed my mind and would like to take the new approach.Man: You're on the right track now!Question: What does the man mean?A. The woman is right.B. The woman is getting on well.C. The woman is doing the right thing.D. The woman has changed her mind.9. Woman: Doctor, what's wrong with my father?Man: He's in pretty good shape, considering his age.Question: What do we learn from the dialogue?A. Her father is very sick.B. There is nothing serious with her father.C. Her father is an athlete.D. The man is not sure about her father's condition.10. Man: Why don't you dress up a little when you're out with your friends? Woman: That's a good idea !Question: What does the man suggest?A. The woman should put on nice clothes.B. The woman should wear makeup.C. The woman should get up right away.D. The woman should make a dress herself.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes,10 points)11. Scarcely________ those words when suddenly the monster was transformed into a very handsome youth.A. had he utteredB. did he utterC. he had utteredD. he did utter12. The new automobile factory is expected to________ around 30,000 to 50,000 vehicles annually in the first three years.A. assembleB. serviceC. supplyD. repair13. Within the foreseeable future there may be a major_______ of species, involving from one-third to two-thirds of all the species now in existence.A. exhaustionB. exhibitionC. extensionD. extinction14._________ we arrived in a more urban area, where Jim took me to a place called Boston Market.A. Before longB. After longC. Shortly beforeD. Shortly after15._________ urgent the situation may be, you will need to make one change at a time, and then move on.A. AsB. WheneverC. HoweverD. Whatever16. The museum's new building will have _______ the exhibition space as before.A. three timesB. three times likeC. three times asD. three times larger17. When you are in your room, leave the door_______ so that your visitors do not have to knock.A. openB. openedC. openingD. being open18. Earth is believed to________ by an object the size of Mars at some point in the distant past before its surface cooled.A. be hitB. have hitC. have been hitD. being hit19. The only thing ______ really matters to the parents is how soon their children can return home.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. this20. It is unacceptable that a person_______ for an uncommitted crime.A. gets punishingB. punishesC. get punishedD. to be felt21. In Australia the Asians have made their influence_______ in businesses, large and small.A. feelingB. feelC. feltD. to be felt22. The angry mother didn't know who ________ for the broken glass.A. will blameB. to blameC. to be blamedD. blames23. In the Chinese mind, the Spring Festival is ________with nice food and new clothes.A. joinedB. relatedC. linkedD. associated24. Mobile phones are proved to________ with flight instruments and have a negative effect on flight safety.A. interfereB. disturbC. interruptD. trouble25. Some governments have forbidden cigarette ________ and launchedanti-smoking campaigns.A. commissionsB. commoditiesC. commercialsD. commands26. If you try to sell them something that they________ for free, they aren't going to buy it.A. used to gettingB. used to getC. were used to getD. are used to get27. Applicants must show that they have $10,000 or more_______ for living expenses and approximately $10,000 for tuition.A. acceptableB. advisableC. availableD. applicable28. The director often says it is difficult to design a program that will meetthe________ needs of all our users.A. diverseB. distinctiveC. distinctD. distinguished29.________ their differences, they are united by the common desire to transform their personal commitment into public leadership.A. But forB. For allC. Above allD. Except for30. The winter just ending was________ severe, causing great hardship to the poorer people in this area.A. exceptionallyB. explosivelyC. extensivelyD. expressivelyPart III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes,40 points)Passage OneDeclaring that physical exercise is one of the most powerful medicines to help improve our quality of life is not an exaggeration. The World Health Organization expressed the same view in its 2002 World Health Report, emphasizing that the damage produced by lack of physical activity was equal to the strong probability of serious illness such as heart disease and even some kinds of cancer.Those who have embraced an active lifestyle for years are familiar with the sort of physical and psychological benefits that come from exercise. Nevertheless, a lot of people would never think of physical activity as a way of feeling better, simply because they don't think they are in need of it, or because they are lazy or maintain that they haven't got enough time.There are many positive effects that result from physical exercise and they are not only concerned with the physical aspects but also psychological and social ones.Beginning with the physical benefits, physical activity improves the life of the heart, burns off fat, lowers high blood pressure, makes tissues more resistant, and increases muscle flexibility and joint mobility.On a psychological level, physical activity helps reduce anxiety and stress by causing tension to disappear and by encouraging us to have a better sense of ourselves through listening to our bodies during movement.Lastly, seeing ourselves in better health is advantageous socially. The sense of satisfaction thus obtained will result in an increase of self-respect and self-confidence in terms of our ability to interact with others.The benefits linked to exercise have also not gone unnoticed in the business world, with more and more companies setting up gyms on-site. Employees' improved health translates into better performance and reduced costs as well as an increase in people's satisfaction in the work place.Physical activity is recommended for all age groups, including children. It is an important growth factor in a child's education.And for the elderly? There is no doubt that regular physical activity allows greater efficiency in daily life as well as creating more basic independence day by day, including the possibility of keeping in touch with others and not feeling isolated.31. The writer regards physical exercise as a strong medicine because_________A. the WHO holds the viewB. it helps improve the quality of lifeC. the lack of it equals serious illnessD. it enables people to live longer32. Many people do not engage in physical exercise mainly because_________A. they are not aware of its benefitsB. they don't have the facilitiesC. they don't think they need itD. they are physically unfit for it33. According to the passage, physical exercise can make people________A. stronger and more intelligentB. more intelligent and more open-mindedC. more open-minded and healthierD. healthier and stronger34. Physical exercise is socially beneficial because________A. it gives people competitive advantageB. it helps people reduce anxietyC. it enables employees to work better for their companyD. it makes people confident in dealing with others35. According to the passage, regular physical exercise can make oldpeople_______A. better able to look after themselvesB. look younger than they really areC. less likely to suffer from diseasesD. more aggressive in their interaction with othersPassage TwoAccording to the United States government, people are classified as homeless if they have no place to stay and no expectation of finding a place for the next thirty days. Although technically accurate, that is an impersonal assessment of an enormous and very human problem.The homeless population represents all of us Americans. It includes men and women, the elderly, children, and infants. Its members are from all ethnic (种族的) groups. What they have in common is poverty.Currently in the U. S. , thirty-nine million people live in poverty. When money is really tight, paying the rent or buying food often becomes a choice. Government assistance in the form of food stamps does help but, as one homeless man explains, you can't pay the rent with food stamps.With no money for rent, the streets and homeless shelters become the alternative.Although men constitute the largest group within the homeless population, homeless women with children are rapidly joining them. In fact, one quarter of the homeless people in the U. S. are teenagers and young children.People may become homeless for numerous reasons. However, there are certain factors that many of these individuals have in common. They include a lack of adequate education and job skills. A majority of the teenagers and adults have not completed high school.The abuse of alcohol and drugs is also a common factor. One third of the adult homeless population abuses alcohol, while one quarter of the same group uses drugs.Some members of this population suffer mental health problems. Within the past several years many institutions for the mentally iii have been closed and their patients sent "home". Unfortunately, a number of those people have no home to go to and they are unable to adequately look after themselves.Job loss in today's economy has also become a real factor in the loss of people's homes. The breakup of families through abandonment and divorce are also contributing factors, particularly when there are children involved. The parent who is left to care for the kids with inadequate income may be forced to depend on the homeless shelters to put a roof over their heads.36. The writer thinks that the U.S. government's definition of the homeless reveals __________A. an insincere attitude toward the homelessB. an unbearable attitude toward the homelessC. an uncivilized attitude toward the homelessD. an unsympathetic attitude toward the homeless37. The U.S. government helps the homeless by__________A. giving them homeless allowancesB. giving them food stampsC. finding jobs for themD. finding residences for them38. Most of the homeless in the U.S. are___________A. male adultsB. female adultsC. the elderlyD. children39. People become homeless for all the following reasons EXCEPT________A. the lack of adequate educationB. the abuse of alcohol and drugsC. the closure of institutions for the mentally iiiD. the poor performance of economy40. The breakup of families is likely to lead to homelessness because a parent with kids may______A. lose his or her job in today's economyB. be unable to look after the kidsC. not have enough incomeD. find residence at a homeless shelterPassage ThreeIn early 2004 eight tiny sensors were dropped from a plane near a military base in California. After hitting the ground, the sensors--also known as smart dust sensors--organized themselves into a network and quickly detected a fleet of military vehicles on the ground. They determined the direction, speed and size of a series of military vehicles traveling along the road and later transmitted the data to a computer at a nearby base camp.Smart dust sensors are minicomputers--as small as a grain of rice in some cases--that can monitor and evaluate their physical environment and can relay the information via wireless communication. They can monitor elements such as temperature, moisture, humidity, pressure, energy use, vibration, light, motion, radiation, gas, and chemicals. These devices will soon have many applications, such as use in emergency rescue.Software has been developed to run these minicomputers. A key feature of the software is the ability of the sensors to automatically organize themselves into a communications network and talk to each other via wireless radio signals. If any one connection is interrupted, the sensors will self-correct and pass the information on to the next available sensor.Each sensor has a chip that does the computing work--recording things like temperature and motion at its location. Each sensor also has a tiny radio transmitter that allows it to talk to other sensors within 100 feet or so. With a single network of 10,000 sensors--thought to be the biggest array(阵列) of sensors currently possible-- you could cover 9 square miles and get information about each point along the way. The data finally works its way to a base station that can send the information to a computer or to a wireless network.The scientists who are working with this technology say smart dust sensors can be used to detect the location or movement of enemy troops in areas too dangerous or remote for soldiers to operate. Scattering hundreds of self-networking sensors from a manned or unmanned plane onto the battlefield, in theory, could produce critical information and lead to strategic advantage. Sensors could also be used to detect the presence of chemical weapons and could give troops the time needed to put on protective gear.41. Smart dust sensors can do all the following EXCEPT__________A. giving troops their protective gearB. organizing themselves into a computer networkC. detecting the movement of military vehicles nearbyD. operating in remote and dangerous war zones42. By "physical environment" (Line 2, Paragraph 2), the writer means such elements as______A. the position of military troopsB. the presence of minicomputersC. the strength of radio signalsD. the amount of water vapor in the air43. If connection between two sensors is blocked, the network will automatically_______A. replace the sensor involvedB. repair the sensor involvedC. ignore the sensor involvedD. destroy the sensor involved44. To cover an area of 3 square miles and get information about each point along the way, how many smart dust sensors are needed?A. About 3,000 sensors.B. About 3,300 sensors.C. About 5,000 sensors.D. About 6,600 sensors.45. The passage implies that the smart dust sensors are most likely to be usedin________A. emergency rescueB. monitoring pollutionC. military operationsD. evaluating the environmentPassage FourEach semester, Andrew Tom receives a term bill outlining his expenses: tuition, dorm fee, student center fee, recreation fee, resident activity fee, health insurance. If only the rest of his expenses were as easy to quantify."It's like you start out the semester with plenty of money and then $20 for dinner out here and $ 100 at the department store there, it's gone," said Tom, a Northeastern University third-year student. "And there are so many things you need like toothpaste or laundry detergent (洗洁剂)that you don't think about until you get here and need it."From the books lining their shelves to the fashionable clothes filling their closets, college students say the expenses of a college education go well beyond tuition and a dining hall meal plan. Many say they arrive on campus only to be overwhelmed by unexpected costs from sports fees to the actual price of a slice of pizza.Balancing a job with schoolwork, especially at colleges known for their heavy workloads like Harvard and MIT, can be tough. So can the pressure students often feel to financially keep pace with their friends."When you get dragged along shopping, you're going to spend money; if you get dragged to a party and everyone wants to take a cab but you're cheap and want to take a bus, chances are you'll end up sharing the fee for the cab," said Tom. "I guess you could say no, but no one wants to be the only one eating in the snack bar while your friends are out to dinner."Max Cohen, a biology major at MIT, said he is accustomed to watching fellow students spend $40 a night to have dinner delivered or $50 during a night out at a bar.During the school's recent spring break, friends on trips for the week posted away messages that read like a world map--Paris, Rome, Tokyo. "Meanwhile I stay home and work," said Cohen. "I didn't realize when I came here how much money I would spend or how hard I would have to work to get by."It is a lesson some younger students learn quickly. Others, surrounded by credit card offers, go into debt, or worse, are forced to leave school."A lot of people don't think twice about how much they spend," said a first-year student at MIT, "and you feel the pressure sometimes to go along with them."46. The sentence "If only the rest of his expenses were as easy to quantify"( Lines 2-3, Paragraph 1 ) implies that_________A. there are many other unexpected expensesB. it is easy to calculate how much more to spendC. the tuition is too high to be calculatedD. he has to pay only a few other expenses47. All the following expenses are included in the term bill EXCEPT_______A. health insuranceB. sports feesC. recreation feesD. dorm fees48. According to the passage, many college students_______A. have to work hard in their studiesB. suspend their studies in order to workC. depend on their families for all the expensesD. are under great financial pressure49. The wo rd "cheap" (Line 2, Paragraph 5) is closest in meaning to“_________”A. inferior in qualityB. inexpensiveC. unwilling to spendD. valueless50. From the last paragraph, one may learn that an important reason for the high hidden costs for college students is________A. the extremely high prices of daily necessitiesB. the school's overcharging for campus activitiesC. the too many expenses the students have to payD. the pressure of keeping pace with their peersPart IV Cloze Test (15 minutes,10 points)Ireland is the best place in the world to live for 2005, 51 a life quality ranking that appeared in Britain's Economist magazine last week.The ambitious 52 to compare happiness levels around the world is based on the principle that wealth is not the only 53 of human satisfaction and well-being. The index of 111 countries uses 54 on incomes, health, unemployment, climate, political stability, job security, equality between men and women as well as what the magazine calls "freedom, family and community life".Despite the bad weather, troubled health service, traffic problems, and the high cost of living, Ireland scored an impressive 8.33 points 55 10. That put it well ahead of second-place Switzerland, which managed 8.07. Zimbabwe (津巴布韦) , troubled by political insecurity and hunger, is rated the lowest,56 only 3.89 points."Although rising incomes and increased individual choices in developed countries are 57 valued," the report said, "some of the factors associated with 58 such as the breakdown in traditional institutions and family values in part take away from a positive impact."Ireland wins because it successfully combines the most desirable elements of the new--the fourth highest gross domestic product per head in the world in 2005, low unemployment, political 59 with the preservation of certain warm elements of the old, such as 60 family and community life."51. A. following up B. coming with C. according to D. except for52. A. attempt B. attack C. attitude D. attraction53. A. reason B. volume C. measure D. monitor54. A. amount B. data C. number D. account55. A. up to B. out of C. off and on D. in about56. A. missing B. getting C. keeping D. putting57. A. hardly B. excessively C. highly D. passively58. A. modernization B. civilization C. constitution D. tradition59. A. liberties B. activities C. unions D. campaigns60. A. sticky B. static C. steep D. stable。
2005年10月在职MPA英语真题及参考答案
2005年10月在职MPA英语真题及参考答案Part I Dialogue Communication (15 minutes, 15 points)Section A Dialogue CompletionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1. Speaker A: I’m exhausted. I had to work until 2 o’clock this morning.Speaker B: ______A. Don’t wor ry too much. You can do it later.B. Take it easy. You didn’t have to work so hard.C. Take time off and let it be.D. Take it or leave it. You don’t have to do it.2. Speaker A: My apartment is only 10 minutes’ walk from the office. Why don’t you dr op by some time?Speaker B: ______A. Because I didn’t know you live so close by.B. Because I didn’t want to bother you.C. I’d love to. Can I take my roommate along?D. That’s OK. I’ll be there soon.3. Speaker A: Doctor Smith is engaged on Wednesday. Would you like to come on Thursday? Speaker B: ______A. Thursday would be fine.B. See you then.C. Thank you very much. Good-bye.D. It’s very kind of you.4. Speaker A: We came so close, really. We almost won that game!Speaker B: ______A. There, there.B. There’s no use crying over spilt milk.C. You guys were superb.D. I couldn’t care less.5. Speaker A: Don’t you think the concert is terrific?Speaker B: ______A. I want to hear other opinions.B. It certainly is. And I really like the band.C. Yes, the concert is terrible.D. No, everything went on perfectly.Section B Dialogue ComprehensionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer to the question from the four choices given and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.6. Woman: What do you like to do on your summer vacation?Man: I like nothing better than fishing on a hot summer day.Question: What does the man mean?A. He doesn’t like fishing on a hot summer day.B. Although he likes fishing, he doesn’t want to do it on a hot summer day.C. Fishing is his favorite pastime on a hot summer day.D. He likes nothing, including fishing on a hot summer day.7. Woman: I heard John and Frank had a quarrel.Man: Oh, they soon made up.Question: What does the man mean?A. John and Frank had an argument, but now they are friends again.B. John and Frank hate each other since their argument.C. John and Frank pretended that they had a quarrel.D. John and Frank often quarrel though they are friends.8. Woman: I’ve changed my mind and would like t o take the new approach. Man: You’re on the right track now!Question: What does the man mean?A. The woman is right.B. The woman is getting on well.C. The woman is doing the right thing.D. The woman has changed her mind.9. Woman: Doctor, w hat’s wrong with my father?Man: He’s in pretty good shape, considering.Question: What do we learn from the dialogue?A. Her father is very sick.B. There is nothing serious with her father.C. Her father is an athlete.D. The man is not sure about her father’s condition.10. Man: Why don’t you dress up a little when you’re out with your friends? Woman: That’s a good idea!Question: What does the man suggest?A. The woman should put on nice clothes.B. The woman should wear makeup.C. The woman should get up right away.D. The woman should make a dress herself.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes, 10 points)Directions:There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.11. Scarcely ______ those words when suddenly the monster was transformed into a very handsome youth.A. had he utteredB. did he utterC. he had utteredD. he did utter12. The new automobile factory is expected to ______ around 30,000 to 50,000 vehicles annually in the first three years.A. assembleB. serviceC. supplyD. repair13. Within the foreseeable future there may be a major ______ of species, involving from one-third to two-thirds of all the species now in existence.A. exhaustionB. exhibitionC. extensionD. extinction14. ______ we arrived in a more urban area, where Jim took me to a place called Boston Market.A. Before longB. After longC. Shortly beforeD. Shortly after15. ______ urgent the situation may be, you will need to make one change at a time, and then move on.A. AsB. WheneverC. HoweverD. Whatever16. The museum’s new building will have ______ the exhibition space as before.A. three timesB. three times likeC. three times asD. three times larger17. When you are in your room, leave the door ______ so that your visitors do not have to knock.A. openB. openedC. openingD. being open18. Earth is believed to ______ by an object the size of Mars at some point in the distant past before its surface cooled.A. be hitB. have hitC. have been hitD. being hit19. The only thing ______ really matters to the parents is how soon their children can return home.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. this20. It is unacceptable that a person ______ for an uncommitted crime.A. gets punishingB. punishesC. get punishedD. punished21. In Australia the Asians have made their influence ______ in businesses, large and smallA. feelingB. feelC. feltD. to be felt22. The angry mother di dn’t know who ______ for the broken glass.A. will blameB. to blameC. to be blamedD. blames23. In the Chinese mind the Spring Festival is ______ with nice food and new clothes.A. joinedB. relatedC. linkedD. associated24. Mobile phones are proved to ______ with flight instruments and have a negative effect on flight safety.A. interfereB. disturbC. interruptD. trouble25. Some governments have forbidden cigarette ______ and launched anti-smoking campaigns.A. commissionsB. commoditiesC. commercialsD. commands26. If you try to sell them something that they ______ for free, they aren’t going to buy it.A. used to gettingB. used to getC. were used to getD. are used to get27. Applicants must show that they have $10,000 or more ______ for living expenses and approximately $10,000 for tuition.A. acceptableB. advisableC. availableD. applicable28. The director often says it is difficult to design a program that will meet the ______ needs of allour users.A. diverseB. distinctiveC. distinctD. distinguished29. ______ their differences, they are united by the common desire to transform their personal commitment into public leadership.A. But forB. For allC. Above allD. Except for30. The winter just ending was ______ severe, causing great hardship to the poorer people in this area.A. exceptionallyB. explosivelyC. extensivelyD. expressivelyPart III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Passage OneDeclaring that physical exercise is one of the most powerful medicines to help improve our quality of life is not an exaggeration. The World Health Organization expressed the same view in its 2002 World Health Report, emphasizing that the damage produced by lack of physical activity was equal to the strong probability of serious illness such as heart disease and even some kinds of cancer.Those who have embraced an active lifestyle for years are familiar with the sort of physical and psychological benefits that come from exercise. Nevertheless, a lot of people would never think of physical activity as a way of feeling better, simply because they don’t t hink they are in need of it, or because they are lazy or maintain that they haven’t got enough time.There are many positive effects that result from physical exercise and they are not only concerned with the physical aspects but also psychological and social ones.Beginning with the physical benefits, physical activity improves the life of the heart, burns off fat, lowers high blood pressure, makes tissues more resistant, and increases muscle flexibility and joint mobility.On a psychological level, physical activity helps reduce anxiety and stress by causing tension to disappear and by encouraging us to have a better sense of ourselves through listening to our bodies during movement.Lastly, seeing ourselves in better health is advantageous socially. The sense of satisfaction thus obtained will result in an increase of self-respect and self-confidence in terms of our ability to interact with others.The benefits linked to exercise have also not gone unnoticed in the business world, with more and more companies setting up gyms on-site. Employees’ improved health translates into better performance and reduced costs as well as an increase in people’s satisfaction in the work place.Physical activity is recommended for all age groups, including children. It is an important growth factor in a child’s education.And for the elderly? There is no doubt that regular physical activity allows greater efficiency in daily life as well as creating more basic independence day by day, including the possibility of keeping in touch with others and not feeling isolated.31. The writer regards physical exercise as a strong medicine because ______.A. the WHO holds the viewB. it helps improve the quality of lifeC. the lack of it equals serious illnessD. it enables people to live longer32. Many people do not engage in physical exercise mainly because ______.A. they are not aware of its benefitsB. they don’t have the facilitiesC. they don’t think they need itD. they are physically unfit for it33. According to the passage, physical exercise can make people ______.A. stronger and more intelligentB. more intelligent and more open-mindedC. more open-minded and healthierD. healthier and stronger34. Physical exercise is socially beneficial because ______.A. it gives people competitive advantageB. it helps people reduce anxietyC. it enables employees to work better for their companyD. it makes people confident in dealing with others35. According to the passage, regular physical exercise can make old people ______.A. better able to look after themselvesB. look younger than they really areC. less likely to suffer from diseasesD. more aggressive in their interaction with othersPassage TwoAccording to the United States government, people are classified as homeless if they have no place to stay and no expectation of finding a place for the next thirty days. Although technically accurate, that is an impersonal assessment of an enormous and very human problem.The homeless population represents all of us Americans. It includes men and women, the elderly, children, and infants. Its members are from all ethnic (种族的) groups. What they have in common is poverty.Currently in the U.S., thirty-nine million people live in poverty. When money is really tight, paying the rent or buying food often becomes a choice. Government assistance in the form of food stamps does help but, as one homeless man explai ns, you can’t pay the rent with food stamps.With no money for rent, the streets and homeless shelters become the alternative.Although men constitute the largest group within the homeless population, homeless women with children are rapidly joining them. In fact, one quarter of the homeless people in the U.S. are teenagers and young children.People may become homeless for numerous reasons. However, there are certain factors that many of these individuals have in common. They include a lack of adequate education and job skills. A majority of the teenagers and adults have not completed high school.The abuse of alcohol and drugs is also a common factor. One third of the adult homeless population abuses alcohol, while one quarter of the same group uses drugs.Some members of this population suffer mental health problems. Within the past several years many institutions for the mentally ill have been closed and their patients sent “home”. Unfortunately, a number of those people have no home to go to and they are unable to adequately look after themselves.Job loss in today’s economy has also become a real factor in the loss of people’s homes. The breakup of families through abandonment and divorce are also contributing factors, particularly when there are children involved. The parent who is left to care for the kids with inadequate income may be forced to depend on the homeless shelters to put a roof over their heads.36. The writer thinks that the U.S. government’s definition of the homeless reveals ______.A. an insincere attitude toward the homelessB. an unbearable attitude toward the homelessC. an uncivilized attitude toward the homelessD. an unsympathetic attitude toward the homeless37. The U.S. government helps the homeless by ______.A. giving them homeless allowancesB. giving them food stampsC. finding jobs for themD. finding residences for them38. Most of the homeless in the U.S. are ______.A. male adultsB. female adultsC. the elderlyD. children39. People become homeless for all the following reasons EXCEPT ______.A. the lack of adequate educationB. the abuse of alcohol and drugsC. the closure of institutions for the mentally illD. the poor performance of economy40. The breakup of families is likely to lead to homelessness because a parent with kids may ______.A. lose his or her job in today’s economyB. be unable to look after the kidsC. not have enough incomeD. find residence at a homeless shelterPassage ThreeIn early 2004 eight tiny sensors were dropped from a plane near a military base in California. After hitting the ground, the sensors—also known as smart dust sensors—organized themselves into a network and quickly detected a fleet of military vehicles on the ground. They determined the direction, speed and size of a series of military vehicles traveling along the road and later transmitted the data to a computer at a nearby base camp.Smart dust sensors are minicomputers—as small as a grain of rice in some cases—that can monitor and evaluate their physical environment and can relay the information via wireless communication. They can monitor elements such as temperature, moisture, humidity, pressure, energy use, vibration, light, motion, radiation, gas, and chemicals. These devices will soon have many applications, such as use in emergency rescue.Software has been developed to run these minicomputers. A key feature of the software is the ability of the sensors to automatically organize themselves into a communications network and talk to each other via wireless radio signals. If any one connection is interrupted, the sensors will self-correct and pass the information on to the next available sensor.Each sensor has a chip that does the computing work—recording things like temperature and motion at its location. Each sensor also has a tiny radio transmitter that allows it to talk to other sensors within 100 feet or so. With a single network of 10,000 sensors—thought to be the biggest array (阵列) of sensors currently possible—you could cover 9 square miles and get information about each point along the way. The data finally works its way to a base station that can send the information to a computer or to a wireless network.The scientists who are working with this technology say smart dust sensors can be used to detect the location or movement of enemy troops in areas too dangerous or remote for soldiers to operate. Scattering hundreds of self-networking sensors from a manned or unmanned plane onto the battlefield, in theory, could produce critical information and lead to strategic advantage. Sensors could also be used to detect the presence of chemical weapons and could give troops the time needed to put on protective gear.41. Smart dust sensors can do all the following EXCEPT ______.A. giving troops their protective gearB. organizing themselves into a computer networkC. detecting the movement of military vehicles nearbyD. operating in remote and dangerous war zones42. By “physical environment” (Paragraph 2), the writer means such elements as ______.A. the position of military troopsB. the presence of minicomputersC. the strength of radio signalsD. the amount of water vapor in the air43. If connection between two sensors is blocked, the network will automatically ______.A. replace the sensor involvedB. repair the sensor involvedC. ignore the sensor involvedD. destroy the sensor involved44. To cover an area of 3 square miles and get information about each point along the way, how many smart dust sensors are needed?A. About 3,000 sensors.B. About 3,300 sensors.C. About 5,000 sensors.D. About 6,600 sensors.45. The passage implies that the smart dust sensors are most likely to be used in ______.A. emergency rescueB. monitoring pollutionC. military operationsD. evaluating the environmentPassage FourEach semester, Andrew Tom receives a term bill outlining his expenses: tuition, dorm fee, student center fee, recreation fee, resident activity fee, health insurance. If only the rest of his expenses were as easy to quantify.“It’s like you start out the semester with plenty of money and then $20 for dinner out here and $100 at the department store there, it’s gone,” said Tom, a Northeastern University third-year student. “And there are so many things you need like toothpaste or laundry detergent (洗涤剂) that you don’t think about until you get here and need it.”From the books lining their shelves to the fashionable clothes filling their closets, college students say the expenses of a college education go well beyond tuition and a dining hall meal plan. Many say they arrive on campus only to be overwhelmed by unexpected costs from sports fees to the actual price of a slice of pizza.Balancing a job with schoolwork, especially at colleges known for their heavy workloads like Harvard and MIT, can be tough. So can the pressure students often feel to financially keep pace with their friends.“When you get dragged along shopping, you’re going to spend money; if you get dragged to a party and everyone wants to take a cab but you’re cheap and want to take a bus, chances are you’ll end up sharing the fee for the cab,” said Tom. “I guess you could say no, but no one wants to bethe only one eating in the snack bar while your friends are out to dinner.”Max Cohen, a biology major at MIT, said he is accustomed to watching fellow students spend $40 a night to have dinner delivered or $50 during a night out at a bar. During the school’s recent spring break, friends on trips for the week posted away messages that read like a world map—Paris, Rome, Tokyo. “Meanwhile I stay home and work,” said Cohen. “I didn’t re alize when I came here how much money I would spend or how hard I would have to work to get by.”It is a lesson some younger students learn quickly. Others, surrounded by credit card offers, go into debt, or worse, are forced to leave school.“A lot of people don’t think twice about how much they spend,” said a first-year student at MIT, “and you feel the pressure sometimes to go along with them.”46. The sentence “If only the rest of his expenses were as easy to quantify” (Paragraph 1) implies that ______.A. there are many other unexpected expensesB. it is easy to calculate how much more to spendC. the tuition is too high to be calculatedD. he has to pay only a few other expenses47. All the following expenses are included in the term bill EXCEPT ______.A. health insuranceB. sports feesC. recreation feesD. dorm fees48. According to the passage, many college students ______.A. have to work hard in their studiesB. suspend their studies in order to workC. depend on their families for all the expensesD. are under great financial pressure49. The word “cheap” (Paragraph 5) is closest in meaning to “______”.A. inferior in qualityB. inexpensiveC. unwilling to spendD. valueless50. From the last paragraph, one may learn that an important reason for the high hidden costs for college students is ______.A. the extremely high prices of daily necessitiesB. the schoo l’s overcharging for campus activitiesC. the too many expenses the students have to payD. the pressure of keeping pace with their peersPart IV Cloze Test (15 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Ireland is the best place in the world to live for 2005, 51 a life quality ranking that appeared in Britain’s Economist magazine last week.The ambitious 52 to compare happiness levels around the world is based on the principle that wealth is not the only 53 of human satisfaction and well-being. The index of 111 countries uses 54 on incomes, health, unemployment, climate, political stability, job security, equality between men and women as well as what the magazine calls “freedom, family and community life”.Despite the bad weather, troubled health service, traffic problems, and the high cost of living, Ireland scored an impressive 8.33 points 55 10. That put it well ahead of second-place Switzerland, which managed 8.07. Zimbabwe (津巴布韦), troubled by political insecurity and hunger, is rated the lowest, 56 only 3.89 points.“Although rising incomes and increased individual choices in developed countries are 57 valued,” the report said, “some of the factors asso ciated with 58 such as the breakdown in traditional institutions and family values in part take away from a positive impact.“Ireland wins because it successfully combines the most desirable elements of the new—the fourth highest gross domestic product per head in the world in 2005, low unemployment, political 59 —with the preservation of certain warm elements of the old, such as 60 family and community life.”51. A. following up B. coming with C. according to D. except for52. A. attempt B. attack C. attitude D. attraction53. A. reason B. volume C. measure D. monitor54. A. amount B. data C. number D. account55. A. up to B. out of C. off and on D. in about56. A. missing B. getting C. keeping D. putting57. A. hardly B. excessively C. highly D. passively58. A. modernization B. civilization C. constitution D. tradition59. A. liberties B. activities C. unions D. campaigns60. A. sticky B. static C. steep D. stablePART V English-Chinese TranslationDrinking water and water for domestic use often come from ground water. In order to protect this water, local water authorities can apply to local administrative authorities to mark certain locations as water protection areas. The size of these areas is calculated in such a way that the quantity of ground water taken from them corresponds to the acture rainfall going into them. In the water protection areas fall into three zones. Zone 3 is the other most zone with a diameter of 4 kilometers around the ground water well, Here no chemical work or the use of pesticides are allowed. Zone I is determined around the so-called 50-day line. It is assumed that after 50 days in the ground water harmful bacteria will have died off. Here settlements and fertilizer storage are forbidden. Zone I marks the ten-meter boundary around the well. Here, any use of the land, aswell as access by unauthorized person, is forbidden.PART VI Writing (15 points)在家所在的社区附近建一个购物中心，是否同意，并列举理由。
2005年mba英语试题及答案
2005年mba英语试题及答案2005年MBA英语试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分）1. According to the passage, which of the following is true about the new trend in management? (4分)A. It emphasizes on the importance of technology.B. It focuses on the role of the individual.C. It highlights the significance of teamwork.D. It stresses the necessity of competition.答案：C2. The author mentions the example of the basketball team to illustrate that ________. (4分)A. teamwork is essential for success.B. individual performance is crucial.C. technology has a limited impact.D. competition is a key factor.答案：A3. What is the main idea of the passage? (4分)A. The importance of technology in management.B. The role of individuals in management.C. The significance of teamwork in management.D. The necessity of competition in management.答案：C4. What can be inferred from the passage about the future of management? (4分)A. It will become more technology-driven.B. It will focus more on individual performance.C. It will emphasize the importance of teamwork.D. It will become more competitive.答案：C5. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of teamwork mentioned in the passage? (4分)A. Improved communication.B. Enhanced creativity.C. Increased efficiency.D. Reduced cost.答案：D二、完形填空（共20分）6. The word "innovative" in the sentence "The company is looking for innovative solutions to its problems" most nearly means ________. (4分)A. creativeB. traditionalC. expensiveD. complex答案：A7. The phrase "a matter of" in the sentence "It's a matter of time before the company goes bankrupt" most nearly means ________. (4分)A. a subject ofB. a question ofC. a period ofD. an issue of答案：B8. The word "substantial" in the sentence "The company has made substantial progress in reducing costs" most nearly means ________. (4分)A. significantB. temporaryD. uncertain答案：A9. The phrase "in the long run" in the sentence "In the long run, the company will benefit from these changes" most nearly means________. (4分)A. eventuallyB. immediatelyC. occasionallyD. rarely答案：A10. The word "demonstrate" in the sentence "The manager demonstrated the new software to the team" most nearly means________. (4分)A. explainedB. testedD. proved答案：C三、翻译（共20分）11. 将下列句子从英文翻译成中文。
MBA联考英语真题2005年
MBA联考英语真题2005年2005 MBA.MPA.MPAcc联考英语试题Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank.A few decades ago, the world banking community invented newElectronic Funds Transfer (EFT) systems to move money more efficiently across countries and around the globe. The (1) benefit of such systems was to (2) the float of capital that was unavailable for use (3) checks were being cleared through banking (4) Today, we understand that the benefits of electronic banking are far more (5) than just reducing floating cash. The entire world of banking (6) revolutionized. It is (7) more efficient and faster, but also more global. And now (8) the Internet, EFT systems are increasingly (9) with the new world of e-commerce and e-trade.(10) 1997 and 2003, EFT value (11) from less than $50 trillion to nearly $400 trillion, more than the (12) economic product of all the countries and territories of the entire world. These statistics (13) should emphasize the true importance of transnational EFT. Satellite, wireless, and cable-based electronic fund transfers (14) the hub of global enterprise. Such electronic cash is (15) central to the idea of an emerging "worldwide mind". Without the satellite and fiber infrastructure to support the flow of electronic funds, the world economy would grind to a halt.( )1．A．hiding B．getting C．driving D．giving( )2．A．introduce B．reduce C．produce D．increase( )3．A．which B．that C．while D．where( )4．A．mechanics B．methods C．procedures D．systems ( )5．A．extensive B．intensive C．profound D．great( )6． A．is B．has C．has been D．had been( )7．A．far B．even C．just D．not only( )8．A．with B．by C．for D．on( )9．A．linked B．integrated C．controlled D．joined( )10．A．Between B．In C．From D．Among( )11．A．decreased B．raised C．elevated D．soared( )12．A．gross B．accelerated C．combined D．collective ( )13．A．lonely B．alone C．only D．merely( )14．A．present B．represent C．reserve D．comprehend ( )15．A．so B．nevertheless C．thereafter D．thereforeSection Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections : Read the following four passages. Answer the questions blow each passage by choosing A, B, C and D．Text 1Working at nonstandard times--evenings, nights, or weekends-is taking its toll on American families. One-fifth of all employed Americans work variable or rotating shifts, and one- third work weekends, according to Harriet B．Presser, sociology professor at theUniversity of Maryland. The result is stress on familial relationships, which is likely to continue in coming decades.The consequences of working irregular hours vary according to gender, economic level, and whether or not children are involved. Single mothers are more likely to work nights and weekends than married mothers. Women in clerical, sales, or other low-paying jobs participate disproportionately in working late and graveyard shifts. Married-couple households withchildren are increasingly becoming dual-earner households, generating more split-shift couples. School-aged children, however, may benefit from parents' nonstandard work schedules because of the greater likelihood that a parent will be home before or after school. On the other hand, a correlation exists between nonstandard work schedules and both marital instability and a decline in the quality of marriages.Nonstandard working hours mean families spend less time together for dinner but more time together for breakfast. One-on-one interaction between parents and children varies, however, based on parent, shift, and age of children. There is also a greater reliance on child care by relatives and by professional providers.Working nonstandard hours is less a choice of employees and more a mandate of employers. Presser believes that the need for swing shifts and weekend work will continue to rise in the coming decades. She reports that in some European countries there are substantial salary premiums for employees working irregular hours-sometimes as much as 50% higher. The convenience of having services available 24 hours a day continues to drive this trend.Unfortunately, says Presser, the issue is virtually absent from public discourse. She emphasizes the need for focused studies on costs and benefits of working odd hours, the physical and emotional health of people working nights and weekends, and the reasons behind the necessity for working these hours. "Nonstandard work schedules not only are highly prevalent among American families but also generate a level of complexity in family functioning that needs greater attention," she says.( )16． Which of the following demonstrates that working at nonstandard times is taking its toll on American families?A．Stress on familial relationships.B．Rotating shifts.C．Evenings, nights, or weekends.D．Its consequences.( )17．Which of the following is affected most by working irregular hours?A．Children. B．Marriage.C．Single mothers. D．Working women.( )18．Who would be in favor of the practice of working nonstandard hours?A．Children. B．Parents.C．Employees. D．Professional child providers.( )19．It is implied that the consequences of nonstandard work schedules areA．emphasized B．absentC．neglected D．prevalent( )20．What is the author's attitude towards working irregular hours? A．Positive. B．Negative.C．Indifferent. D．Objective.Text 2Most human beings actually decide before they think. When any human being executive, specialized expert, or person in the street-encounters a complex issue and forms an opinion, often within amatter of seconds, how thoroughly has he or she explored the implications of the various courses of action? Answer: not very thoroughly. Very few people, no matter how intelligent or experienced, can take inventory of the many branching possibilities, possible outcomes, side effects, and undesired consequences of a policy or a course of action in a matter ofseconds. Yet, those who pride themselves on being decisive often try to do just that. And oncetheir brains lock onto an opinion, most of their thinking thereafter consists of finding support for it.A very serious side effect of argumentative decision making can be a lack of support for the chosen course of action on the part of the "losing" faction. When one faction wins the meeting and the otherssee themselves as losing, the battle often doesn't end when the meeting ends. Anger, resentment, and jealousy may lead them to sabotage the decision later, or to reopen the debate at later meetings.There is a better way. As philosopher Aldous Huxley said, "It isn't who is right, but what is right, that counts. "The structured-inquiry method offers a better alternative to argumentative decision making by debate. With the help of the Internet and wireless computer technology, the gap between experts and executives is now being dramatically closed. By actually putting the brakes on the thinking process, slowing it down, and organizing the flow of logic, it's possible to create a level of clarity that sheer argumentation can never match.The structured-inquiry process introduces a level of conceptual clarity by organizing the contributions of the experts, then brings the experts and the decision makers closer together. Although itisn't possible or necessary for a president or prime minister to listen in on every intelligence analysis meeting, it's possible to organize the experts' information to give the decision maker much greater insight as to its meaning. This process may somewhat resemble a marketing focus group ; it's a simple,remarkably clever way to bring decision makers closer to the source of the expert information and opinions on which they must base their decisions.( )21．From the first paragraph we can learn thatA．executive, specialized expert, are no more clever than person in the streetB．very few people decide before they thinkC．those who pride themselves on being decisive often fail to do so D．people tend to consider carefully before making decisions( )22．Judging from the context, what does the word "them" (Line 4, Para. 2) refer to?A．Decision makers. B．The "losing" faction.C．Anger, resentment, and jealousy. D．Other people.( )23．Aldous Huxley's remark (Para. 3 ) implies thatA．there is a subtle difference between right and wrongB．we cannot tell who is right and what is wrongC．what is right is more important than who is rightD．what is right accounts for the question who is right( )24．According to the author, the function of the structured-inquiry method isA．to make decision by debateB．to apply the Internet and wireless computer technology C．to brake on the thinking process, slowing it downD．to create a level of conceptual clarity( )25．The structured-inquiry process can be useful forA．decision makers B．intelligence analysis meetingC．the experts' information D．marketing focus groupsText 3Sport is heading for an indissoluble marriage with television and the passive spectator will enjoy a private paradise. All of this will be in the future of sport. The spectator (the television audience) willbe the priority(优先) and professional clubs will have to readjust their structures to adapt to the new reality: sport as a business. The new technologies will mean that spectators will no longer have to wait for broadcasts by the conventional channels. They will be the ones who decide what to see. And they will have to pay for it. In the United States the system of the future has already started: pay-as-you-view. Everything will be offered by television and the spectator will only have to choose. The review Sports Illustrated recently published a full profile of the life of the supporter at home in the middle of the next century. It explained that the consumers would be able to select their view of the match on a gigantic, flat screen occupying the whole of one wall, with images of a clarity which cannot be foreseen at present; they could watch from the trainer's bench, from the stands just behind the batter in a game of baseball or from the helmet of the star player in an American football game. And at their disposal will be the same options the producer of the recorded programme has: to select replays, to choose which camera to use and to decide on the sound- whether to hear the public, the players, the trainer and so on.Many sports executives, largely too old and too conservative to feel at home with the new technologies, will believe that sport must control the expansion of television coverage in order to survive and ensure that spectators attend matches. They do not even accept the evidence which contradicts their view: while there is more basketball than ever on television, for example, it isalso certain that basketball is more popular than ever.It is also the argument of these sports executives that television is harming the modest teams. This is true, but the future of those teams is also modest. They have reached their ceiling. It is the law of the market. The great events continually attract larger audiences.The world is being constructed on new technologies so that people can make the utmost use of their time and, in their home, have access to the greatest possible range of recreational activities. Sport will have to adapt itself to the new world.The most visionary executives go further. Their philosophy is：rather than see television take over sport, why not have sports taken over television?( )26． What does the writer mean by the use of the phrase "an indissoluble marriage" in the first paragraph?A．Sport is combined with television.B．Sport controls television.C．Television dictates sport.D．Sport and television will go their own ways.( )27．What does "they" in line 2, paragraph 2 stand for?A．broadcasts B．channelsC．spectators D．technologies( )28．How do many sports executives feel with the new technologies? A．They are too old to do anything.B．They feel ill at ease.C．They feel completely at home.D．Technologies can go hand in hand with sports.( )29．What is going to be discussed in the following paragraphs? A．The philosophy of visionary executives.B．The process of television taking over sport.C．Television coverage expansion.D．An example to show how sport has taken over television.( )30．What might be the appropriate title of this passage?A．The arguments of sports executives.B．The philosophy of visionary executives.C．Sport and television in the 21 century.D．Sport：a business.Text 4Convenience food helps companies by creating growth; but what is its effect on people? For people who think cooking was the foundation of civilisation, the microwave is the last enemy. The communion(共享) of eating together is easily broken by a device that liberates household citizens from waiting for mealtimes. The first great revolution in the history of food is in danger of being undone, The companionship of the campfire, cooking pot and common table, which have helped to bond humans in collaborative living for at least 150, 000 years, could be destroyed.Meals have certainly suffered from the rise of convenience food. The only meals regularly taken together in Britain these days are at the weekend, among rich families struggling to retain something of the old symbol of togetherness. Indeed, the day's first meal has all but disappeared. In the 20th century the leisure British breakfast was undermined by the cornflake; in the 21st breakfast is vanishing altogether, a victim of the quick cup of coffee in Starbucks and the cereal bar.Convenience food has also made people forget how to cook. One of the apparent paradoxes of modern food is that, while the amount of time spent cooking meals has fallen from 60 minutes a day in 1980 to 13 minutes a day in 2002, the number of booksand television programmes on cooking has multiplied. But perhaps this isn't a paradox. Maybe it is because people can't cook any more, so they need to be told how to do it. Or maybe it is because people buy books about hobbies-golf,yachting-not about chores. Cooking has ceased to be a chore and has become a hobby.Although everybody lives in the kitchen, its facilities are increasingly for display rather than for use. Mr. Silverstein's new book, Trading Up, looks at mid-range consumers' willingness to splash out. He says that industrial-style Viking cooktpos, with nearly twice the heat output of other ranges, have helped to push the "kitchen as theatre" trend in home goods. They cost from $1,000 to $9, 000．Some 75% of them are never used.Convenience also has an impact on the healthiness, or otherwise, of food. Of course, there is nothing bad about ready-to-eat food itself. You don't get much healthier than an apple, and all supermarkets sell a better-for-you range of ready-meals. But there is a limit to the number of apples people want to eat : and these days it is easier for people to eat the kind of food that makes them fat.The three Harvard economists in their paper Why have Americans become more obese? point out that, in the past, if people wanted to eatfatty hot food, they had to cook it. That took time and energy-a good chip needs frying twice, once to cook the potato and once to get it crispy (脆)-which discouraged consumption of that sort of food. Mass preparation of food took away that constraint. Nobody has to cut and double-cook their own fries these days. Who has the time?( )31．What might the previous paragraphs deal with?A．The relationship between meals and convenience food.B．The importance of convenience food in people's life.C．The rise of convenience food.D．The history of food industry.( )32．What is the paradox in the third paragraph?A．People don't know how to cook.B．The facilities in the kitchen are not totally used.C．People are becoming more obese, thus unhealthy.D．Convenience food actually does not save people time.( )33．What does the passage mainly discuss?A．The bad effects of convenience food.B．Mr. Silverstein's new book.C．People's new hobby.D．Disappearance of the old symbol of togetherness.( )34．Why have Americans become more obese?A．Because of eating chips. B．Because of being busy.C．Because of being lazy. D．Both B and C.( )35．Which of the following might the author most likely agree with? A．There is nothing bad about convenience food B．Convenience food makes people lazy.C．Convenience food helps companies grow.D．Convenience food is a revolution in cooking.Part BDirections: Read the following text and decide whether each of the statement is true or false. Choose T if the statement is true or F if the statement is not true.HighwaysEarly in the 20th century, most of the streets and roads in the U. S. were made of dirt, brick, and cedar wood blocks. Built for horse, carriage, and foot traffic, they were usually poorly caredfor and too narrow to accomrrmdate(容纳) automobiles.With the increase in auto production, private turnpike (收费公路) companies under local authorities began to spring up, and by 1921 there were 387, 000 miles of paved roads. Many were built using specifications of 19th century Scottish engineers Thomas Telford and John MacAdam (for whom the macadam surface is named ), whose specifications stressed the importance of adequate drainage. Beyond that, there were no national standards for size, weight restrictions, or commercial signs. During World War I , roads throughout the country were nearly destroyed by the weight of trucks. When General Eisenhower returned from Germany in 1919, after serving in the U.S. Amy's first transcontinental motor convoy(车队) , he noted： "The old convoy had started me thinking about good, two-lane highways, but Germany's Autobahn or motorway had made me see the wisdom of broader ribbons across the land. "It would take another war before the federal government would act on a national highway system. During World War Ⅱ, a tremendous increase in trucks and new roads were required. The war demonstrated how critical highways were to the defense effort. Thirteen percent of defense plants received all their supplies by truck, and almost all other plants shipped more than half of their products by vehicle. The war also revealed that local control of highways had led to a confusing variety of design standards. Even federal and state highways did not follow basic standards. Some states allowed trucks up to 36, 000 pounds, while others restricted anything over 7,000 pounds. A government study recommended a national highway system of 33,920 miles, and Congress soon passed the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1944, which called for Strict, centrally controlleddesign criteria. The interstate highway system was finally launched in 1956 and has been hailed as one of the greatest engineering public works projects of the century. T o build its 44, 000-mile web of highways, bridges, and tunnels, hundreds of unique engineering designs and solutions had to be worked out. Consider the many geographic features of thecountry: mountains, steep grades, wetland, rivers, deserts and plains. Variables included the slope of the land, the ability of the pavement to support the load, the intensity of road use, and the nature ot"the underlying soil. Urban areas were another problem. Innovative designs of roadways, tunnels, bridges, overpasses, and interchanges thatcould run through or bypass urban areas soon began to weave their way across the country, forever altering the face of America.Long-span, segmented-concrete, cable-stayed bridges such as Hale Boggs in Louisiana and the Sunshine Skyway in Florida, and remarkable tunnels like Fort McHenry in Maryland and Mt. Baker in Washington,met many of the nation's physical challenges. Traffic control systems and methods of construction developed under the interstate program soon influenced highway construction around the world, and were invaluable in improving the condition of urban streets and traffic patterns.Today the interstate system links every major city in the U. S. , and the U.S. with Canada and Mexico. Built with safety in mind, the highways have wide lanes and shoulders, dividing medians or barriers, long entry and exit lanes, curves engineered for safe turns, and limited access. The death rate on highways is half that of all other U. S. roads (0.86 deaths per 100 million passengermiles compared to 1.99 deaths per 100 million on all other roads).By opening the North American continent, highways have enabled .consumer goods and services to reach people in remote and rural -areas of the country, spurred the growth of suburbs, and provided people with greater options in terms of jobs, access to cultural programs, health care, and other benefits. Above all, the interstate system provides individuals with what they cherish most：personal freedom of mobility.The interstate system has been an essential element of the nation's economic growth in terms of shipping and job creation：more than 75 percent of the nation's freight deliveries arrive by truck; and most products that arrive by rail or air use interstates for the last legof the journey by vehicle. Not only has the highway system affected the American economy by providing shipping routes, it has led to the growth of spin-off industries like service stations, motels, restaurants, and shopping centers. It has allowed the relocation of manufacturing plants and other industries from urban areas to rural. By the end of the century there was an immense network of paved roads, residential streets, expressways, and freeways built to support millions of vehicles. The highway system was officially renamed for Eisenhower to honor his vision and leadership. The year constrution began he said： "Together, the united forces of our commuunication and transportation systems are dynamic elements in the very name webear-United States. Without them, we would be a mere alliance of many separate parts. "( )36．General Eisenhower felt that the broad German motorways made more sense than the two-lane highways ofAmerica.( )37．It was in the 1950s that the American government finally took action to build a national highway system.( )38．Many of the problems presented by the country's geographical features found solutions in innovative engineering projects.( )39．In spite of safety considerations, the death rate oninterstate highways is still higher than that of other American roads. ( )40．Service stations, motels and restaurants promoted the development of the interstate highway system.Section Ⅲ TranslationDirections: In this section there is a text in English. Translate the five underlined sentences into Chinese.People in business can use foresight to identify new products and services, as well as markets for those products and services. An increase in minority populations in a neighborhood would prompt a grocer with foresight to stock more foods linked to ethnic tastes. (41) An art museum director with foresight might follow trends in computer graphics to make exhibits more appealing to younger visitors. Foresight may reveal potential threats that we can prepare to deal with before they become crises. (42) For instance, a capable corporate manager might see an alarming rise in local housing prices that could affect the availability of skilled workers in the region. The public's changing values and priorities, as well as emerging technologies, demographic shifts, economic constraints (or opportunities ), and environmental and resource concerns are all parts of the increasingly complex world system in which leaders must lead.(43) People in government also need foresight to keep systems running smoothly, to plan budgets, and to prevent wars.Government leaders today must deal with a host of new problems emerging from rapid advances in technology.Even at the community level, foresight is critical：school officials, for example, need foresight to assess numbers of students to accommodate, numbers of teachers to hire, new educational technologies to deploy, and new skills for students (and their teachers) to develop.(44) Many of the best-known techniques for foresight were developed by government planners, especially in the military, "thinking about the unthinkable". Pioneering futurists at the RAND Corporation (the first " think tank ") began seriously considering what newtechnologies might emerge in the future and how these might affect U. S. security. These pioneering futurists at RAND, along with others elsewhere, refined a variety of new ways for thinking about the future.(45) The futurists recognized that the future world is continuous with the present world, so we can learn a great deal about what may happen in the future by looking systematically at what is happening now.Section Ⅳ WritingPart ADirections: Restrictions on the use of plastic bags have not been so successful in some regions. "White pollution" is still going on. Write a letter to the editor(s) of your local newspaper to1)give your opinions briefly and2)make two or three suggestionsDo not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead.Do not write your address.Part BDirections: In this section, you are asked to write a letter based on the following statement. Your letter should be at least 150 words. "五一"、"十一"长假丰富了人们的业余生活，促进了旅游经济的发展，同进也带来诸如交通拥挤、环境污染等问题。
2005年MBA英语测试试卷(part 1)
2005年MBA英语测试试卷（part 1）A. toB. withC. forD. on2. On a rainy day I was driving north through Vermont____I noticed a young man holding up a sign reading "Boston".A. whichB. whereC. whenD. that3. The roles expected___ old people in such a setting give too few psychological satisfactions for normal happiness.A. ofB. onC. toD. with4. It wasn\'t so much that I disliked her___ that I just wasn\'t interested in the whole business.A. ratherB. soC. thanD. as5. France\'s ____of nuclear testing in the South Pacific last month triggered political debates and mass demonstrations.A. assumptionB. consumptionC. presumptionD. resumption6. His efforts to bring about a reconciliation between the two Parties_____.A. came offB. came onC. came roundD. came down7. It is announced that a wallet has been found and can be____ at the manager\'s office.A. declaredB. obtainedC. reclaimedD. recognized8. When I___ my senses, I found myself wrapped up in bed in my little room, with Grandma bending over me.A. woke upB. took toC. picked upD. came to9. The English weather defies forecast and hence is a source of interest and ____ to everyone.A. speculationB. attributionC. utilizationD. proposition10. You don\'t have to install this radio in your new car, it\'s an_____ extra.A. excessiveB. optionalC. additionalD. arbitrary2005年MBA英语测试试卷（part 1）相关内容:。
2005年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语试题标准答案解析
２00５年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语试题答案解析Part I Diａｌｏgue Cｏmｍunicａtion (1 ５points）Secｔiｏn Ａ1．B。
解析:A说:我工作到今天凌晨两点,都累坏了。
B 选项中Takｅit eａsｙ“工作别太紧张“,注意休息。
C选项中tａｋｅｔimｅoff“抽出一部分时间可用来干别的事情”,ｌet itｂe“随它去,任它那样”; D 选项中Take ｉｔor leave ｉｔ“要么接受，要么放弃；要不要随你便”。
2.C。
解析:句型why dｏn’ｔyou…?表示提议，建议，意思是“。
怎么样?。
行吗？”D 选项中ｔｈaｔ’s OK给人感觉很勉强,显得生硬,不礼貌。
(1)drop bｙ顺便来访I'ｌl drop by ｏｎmy way home if I hａvｅtime．有空的话回家途中我会顺便来看你。
Oｎｈeｒway baｃｋ,ｓhｅdrｏppeｄby her brｏｔher's hoｕse. 在回家途中她顺便到弟弟家看看。
(2)tａｋe alｏng随身带着;携带;带上; 沿著shａll I tａke yｏu aｌong？要不要我带你一块去?forgot to takeｓoｍe water ａlong.我忘了带水了。
Take a sｔｒollａlongｔhe Seｉne River．沿著塞纳河漫步。
３. A。
解析：Ａ说：Smiｔh医生周三都预约满了，你周四来行吗?是在征求Ｂ的意见,B应该表示是否可行。
enｇagｅvt．吸引，占用;雇，聘; 答应, 保证vｔ. & vi. （使）从事于, （使）忙于He is eｎgａged at a baｎｋ. 他受雇于一家银行。
The tyｐiｓt is engａｇed ｆｏr a week oｎｔrｉaｌ. 那位打字员被试用一周。
He engaged to reａｄthｅbooｋ. 他答应看这本书。
2005年MBA英语考试试题(part 5)
2005年MBA英语考试试题（part 5）From a long-term perspective, Internet shopping is but a low-level aspect of the Net, and it is not likely to become the most important trend. After all, most merchandise is unsuitable for Internet shopping. Besides, if everyone shops on the Net, what will happen to the hundreds and thousands of shopping malls? Therefore, the second aspect of the Net will be more important. Its significance goes beyond that of connecting businesses. There have been reports of simultaneous consultation of doctors from all over the world on the Internet. These are early examples of high-level networkingIt is estimated that the new synergy between computers and Net technology will have significant influence on the industry of the future. The sheer power of electronic commerce (e-commerce) will change the face of trade dramatically. Sporting Goods Company Puma was on the verge of bankruptcy back in 1992. From 1993, Puma began to diffuse its production, logistics and marketing divisions to 80 Net enterprises worldwide, and the results were spectacular.Puma was transformed from a sickly feline into a magnificent beast. The reason for this transformation is that intra-and inter-business electronic links greatly increase the efficiency of production, planning, the collecting of information and data exchange. As the business is rapidly being rationalized, production figures go up while costs come down.The development of e-commerce may well bring the world into a brand-new era of electronic currency. With the emergence of a phantom electronic currency, every one of us would be affected. At the moment, developed areas in Europe, the United States and Asia have already started studying the possibility of an electronic currency. Electronic currency is not only about currency. It refers to an entire finance system of the world.44. In what way will e-commerce change trade?A. It’ll change those companies that verge on bankruptcy to prosperityB. It’ll enhance the popularity both of the company and of its productsC. It’ll increase the sales volumeD. It’ll promote information exchange and production efficiency45. With the development of the netA. Man travels around the earth at a faster speed than ever beforeB. Industrial economy will be as much promoted as the net economyC. Low-level networking will be completely given over to high-level networking.D. There will be closer links between industrial production and scientific research46. Which one of the following statements is true about electronic currency?A. It has already been in wide use in developed countriesB. A kind of phantom e-currency has been circulatedC. It is more than a currencyD. Its feasibility has been proved in some developed areas47. What’s the author’s tone in writing about net economy?A. DoubtfulB. CriticalC. NeutralD. Satirical2005年MBA英语考试试题（part 5）相关内容:。
2005MBA联考英语习题详解
2005MBA联考英语习题详解答案与解析：Section II Vocabulary and Stracture(10 points) 21．B 22B 23．B 24．A 25．D 26．B 27．D 28．B 29．C 30．A 31．A 32．B 33．A 34．B 35．C 36．B 37．D 38．D 39．A 40．B Section III Cloze(5 points) 41．B 42．B 43．C 44．B 45．A 46．C 47．D 48．C 49．B 50．C Section IV Reading Comprehension(40 points) Part A 51．A 52．B 53．B 54．A 55．A 56．B 57．D 58．B 59．B 60．C 61．A 62．B 63．C 64．A 65．C Part B 66．evacuated，circular tubes several hundred meters in diameter 67．With it scientists have gained invaluable insights into diverse objects and phenomena．68．a billion times brighter 69．10 70．It has a diameter about the same as that of a human hair．Section V Translation(10 points) 71．实际上，美国式经济已经消亡，取而代之的是世界性的经济。
72．在过去的10年里，世界资本市场出现全球化，而在未来的10年里，这种全球化的态势将继续重现。
73．与上一个世纪相比较，在下一个世纪，劳动力的构成将有很大的变化，其原因部分是由于经济全球化，部分是由于人口分布的变化。
74．另外，生产和提供高质量产品和服务的需求(过去人们曾认为大批量生产不可能达到这样的水准)，加之参与型管理技巧的推广，都要求劳动力有更高的教育和技术水平。
MBA联考英语试卷2005-
MBA联考英语试卷Part I Vocabulary and StructureDirection: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a pencil.1. The poor lady was too and distressed to talk about the tragedy. A. engagedB. exhaustedC. ignorantD. energetic 2. At fist , the famous painting doesn't impress the audience at all. A. glance B. gazeC. stareD. view 3. Delegates agree to the planin , but there were some details they didn't approve. A. discipline B. theory C. principle D. nature 4. I took the medicine 10minutes ago, but the bitterness is still in my mouth. A. scattering B. felling C. maintaining D. lingering 5. Since the of human history, human beings have been asking questions like "What is the essence of life."A. duskB. dustC. twinkleD. Dawn6. The eldest son all the family members to discuss how to celebrate the 50th wedding anniversary of their parents. A. Clustered B. resembledC. assembledD. rendered 7. I must leave now, , if you want that book I'll bring it you tomorrow. A. Accidentally B. IncidentallyC. OccasionallyD. Subsequently 8. My mother is a light sleeper, to any sound even as low as the humming of mosquito. A. alert B. acute C.keen D. immune 9. The newly built factory is in urgent need of a number of skilled and workers.A. consistentB. consciousC. confidentialD. conscientious 10. As an outstanding scholar, he has become to the research team.A. seniorB. juniorC. indispensibleD. independent 11. Sixteen days after the earthquake, 40people, in their village, were rescued. A. trapped B. confined C. enclosed D. captured12. Working far away from home, Jerry had to from downtown to his office everyday.A. wanderB. commuteC. rambleD. motion 13. The finance minister has not been so since he raised taxes to an unbearable level. A. famous B. favorable C. popular D. preferable 14. It is unimaginable for someone in such a high in the government to behave so badly in public.A. situationB. positionC. professionD. appointment15. Information given to employees must be , clear and in easy-to-follow language. A. convenient B. continuous C. constant D. concise 16. John was very upset because he was by the police with breaking the law. A. sentenced B. arrested C. accused D. charged 17. David likes country life and has decided farming. A. go in for B. go back on C. go along with D. go through with 18.Jennifer has never really her son's death. It's very hard to accept the face that she'll never have a child.A. come to terms withB. come up againstC. come out withD. come down to19. A national debate is now about whether we should replace golden weeks with paid Vacations.A. in the wayB. by the wayC. under wayD. out of the way20. When a psychologist does a general experiment about the human mind, he selects people and asks them questions. A. at ease B. at random C. in essence D. in sumSection II ClozeDirections:Read the following passage. For each numbered blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)In1999, the price of oil hovered around $16 a barrel. By 2008, it had 21 the $100 a barrel mark. The reasons for the surge 22 from the dramatic growth of the economies of china and India to widespread 23 in oil-producing regions, including Iraq and Nigeria’s delta region. Triple-digit oil prices have 24 the economic and political map of the world, 25 some old notions of power. Oil-rich nations are enjoying historic gains and opportunities, 26 major importers—including china and India, home to a third of the world’s population-- 27 rising economic and social costs.Managing this new order is fast becoming a central 28 of global politics. Countries that need oil are clawing at each other to 29 scarce supplies, and are willing to deal with any government, 30 how unpleasant, to do it .In many poor nations with oil, the profits are being , lost to corruption, 31 these countries of their best hope for development. And oil is fueling enormous investment funds run by foreign governments, 32 some in the west see as a new threat.Countries like Russia, Venezuela and Iran are well supplied with rising oil 33 , a change reflected in newly aggressive foreign policies. But some unexpected countries are reaping benefits, 34 costs, from higher prices. Consider Germany. 35 it imports virtually all its oil, it has prospered from extensive trade with a booming Russia and the Middle East. German exports to Russia 36 128 percent from 2001 to 2006.In the United States, as already high gas prices rose 37 higher in the spring of 2008, the issue cropped up in the presidential campaign, with Senators McCain and Obama 38 for a federal gas tax holiday during the peak summer driving months. And driving habits began to 39 , as sales of small cars jumped and mass transport systems 40 the country reported a sharp increase in riders.21. A. come B. gone C. crossed D. arrived22. A. covered B. discovered C. arranged D. ranged23. A. intensity B. infinity C. insecurity D. instability24. A. drawn B. redrawn C. retained D. reviewed25. A. fighting B. struggling C. challenging D. threatening26. A. and B. while C. thus D. though27. A. confine B. conflict C. conform D. confront28. A. problem B. question C. matter D. event29. A. look for B. lock up C. send out D. keep off30. A. no matter B. what if C. only if D. in spite of31. A. abolishing B. depriving C. destroying D. eliminating32. A. what B. that C. which D. whom33. A. interests B. taxes C. incomes D. revenues34. A. as many as B. as good as C. as far as D. as well as35. A. Although B. Because C. Since D. As36. A. advanced B. grew C. reduces D. multiplied37. A. even B. still C. rather D. fairly38. A. asking B. requesting C. calling D. demanding39. A. change B. turn C. shift D. transform40. A. for B. from C. across D. overPart III Reading ComprehensionDirection: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C,and D. You should decide on the best choice. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a pencil.Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage:Henric Ibsen, author of the play "A Doll's House", in which a pretty, helpless housewife abandons her husband and children to seek a more serious life, would surely have approved.. From January 1st, 2008, all public companies in Norway are obliged to ensure that at least 40% of their board directors are women. Most firms have obeyed the law, which was passed in 2003.But about 75 out of the 480 or so companies it affects are still too male for the government's liking. They will shortly receive a letter informing them that they have until the end of February to act , or face the legal consequences---which could include being dissolved.Before the law was proposed, about 7% of board members in Norway were female, according to the Centre for Corporate Diversity .The number has since jumped to 36%. That is far higher than the average of 9% for big companies across Europe or America's 15% for the Fortune 500.Norway's stock exchange and its main business lobby oppose the law, as do many businessmen." I am against quotas for women or men as a matter of principle," says Sverre Munck, head of international operations at a media firm. "Board members of public companies should be chosen solely on the basis of merit and experience, "be says. Several firms have even given up their public status in order to escape the new law.Companies have had to recruit about 1,000 women in four years. Many complain that it has been difficult to find experienced candidates. Because of this, some of the best women have collected as many as 25-35 directorships each, and are known in Norwegian business circles as the "golden skirts". One reason for the scarcity is that there are fairly few women in management in Norwegian companies---they occupy around 15% of senior positions. It has been particularly hard for firms in the oil, technology and financial industries to find women with a enough experience.Some people worry that their relative lack of experience may keep women quiet on boards, and that in turn could mean that boards might become less able to hold managers to account. Recent history in Norway, however, suggests that the right women can make strong directors. "Women feel more compelled than men to do their homework," says Ms Reksten Skaugen, who was voted Norway's chairman of the year for 2007, "and we can afford to ask the hard questions, because women are not always expected to know the answers."41. The author mentions Ibsen's play in the first paragraph in order to .A. depict women's dilemma at workB. explain the newly passed lawC. support Norwegian governmentD. introduce the topic under discussion42. A public company that fails to obey the new law could be forced to .A. pay a heavy fineB. close down its businessC. change to a private businessD. sign a document promising to act43. To which of the following is Sverre Munck most likely to agree?A. A set ratio of women in a board is unreasonable.B. A reasonable quota for women at work needs to be set.C. A common principle should be followed by all companies.D. An inexperienced businessman is not subject to the new law.44. The author attributes the phenomenon of "golden skirts" to .A. the small number of qualified females in managementB. the over-recruitment of female managers in public companiesC. the advantage women enjoy when competing for senior positionsD. the discrimination toward women in Norwegian business circles45. The main idea of the passage might be .A. female power and liberation in NorwayB. the significance of Henric Ibsen's playC. women's status in Norwegian firmsD. the constitution of board members in NorwayQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage:While there's never a good age to get cancer, people in their 20s and 30s can feel particularly isolated. The average age of a cancer patient at diagnosis is 67. Children with cancer often are treated at pediatric (小儿科的) cancer centers, but young adults have a tough time finding peers, often sitting side-by-side during treatments with people who could be their grandparents.In her new book Crazy Sexy Cancer Tips, writer Kris Carr looks at cancer from the perspective of a young adult who confronts death just as she's discovering life. Ms. Carr was 31 when she was diagnosed with a rare from of cancer that had generated tumors on her liver and lungs.Ms. Carr reacted with the normal feelings of shock and sadness. She called her parents and stocked up on organic food, determined to become a "full-time healing addict." Then she picked up the phone and called everyone in her address book, asking if they knew other young women with cancer. The result was her own personal "cancer posse": a rock concert tour manager, a model, a fashion magazine editor, a cartoonist and a MTV celebrity, to name a few. This club of "cancer babes" offered support, advice and fashion tips, among other things.Ms. Carr put her cancer experience in a recent Learning Channel documentary, and she has written a practical guide about how she coped. Cancer isn't funny, but Ms. Carr often is. She swears, she makes up names for the people who treat her (Dr. Fabulous and Dr. Guru), and she even makes second sound fun ("cancer road trips," she calls them).She leaves the medical advice to doctors, instead offering insightful and practical tips that reflect the world view of a young adult. "I refused to let cancer ruin my party," she writes. "There are just too many cool things to do and plan and live for."Ms. Carr still has cancer, but it has stopped progressing. Her cancer tips include using time-saving mass e-mails to keep friends informed, sewing or buying fashionable hospital gowns so you're not stuck with regulation blue or gray and playing Gloria Gaynor's "I Will Survive" so loud you neighbors call the police. Ms. Carr also advises an eyebrow wax and a new outfit before you tell the important people in your illness. "People you tell are going to cautious and not so cautiously try to see the cancer, so dazzle them instead with your miracle," she writes.While her advice may sound superficial, it gets to the heart of what every cancer patient wants: the chance to live life just as she always did, and maybe better.46. Which of the following groups is more vulnerable to cancer?A. Children.B. People in their 20s and 30s.C. Young adults.D. Elderly people.47. All of the following statements are true EXCEPT _______.A. Kris Carr is a female writerB. Kris Carr is more than 31-year-old.C. Kris Carr works in a cancer center.D. Kris Carr is very optimistic.48. The phrase "cancer posse" (Line 4, para.3 ) probably refers to ________A. a cancer research organizationB. a group of people who suffer from cancerC. people who have recovered from cancerD. people who cope with cancer49. Kris Carr make up names for the people who treat her because ________A. she is depressed and likes swearingB. she is funny and likes playing jokes on doctorC. she wants to leave the medical advice to doctorD. she tries to leave a good impression on doctor50. From Kris Carr's cancer tips we may infer that ________A. she learned to use e-mails after she got cancerB. she wears fashionable dress even after suffering from cancerC. hospital gowns for cancer patients are usually not in bright colorsD. the neighbors are very friendly with cancer patientsQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage:Should a leader strive to be loved or feared? This question, famously posed by Machiavelli, lies at the heart of Joseph Nye’s new book. Mr.Nye, a former dean of the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard and one-time chairman of America’s National Intelligence Council, is best known for promoting the idea of “soft power”, based on persuasion and influence, as a counterpoint to “hard power”, based on coercion(强迫) and force.Having analyzed the use of soft and hard power in politics and diplomacy in his previous books, Mr.Nye has now turned his attention to the relationship between power and leadership, in both the political and businessspheres. Machiavelli, he notes, concluded that “one ought to be both feared and loved, but as it is difficult for the two to go together, it is much safer to be feared than loved.” In short, hard power is preferable to soft power. But modem leadership theorists have come to the opposite conclusion.The context of leadership is changing, the observe, and the historical emphasis on hard power is becoming outdated. In modem companies and democracies, power is increasingly diffused and traditional hierarchies(等级制) are being undermined, making soft power ever more important. But that does not mean coercion should now take a back seat to persuasion. Mr.Nye argues. Instead, he advocates a synthesis of these two views. The conclusion of The Powers to Lead, his survey of the theory of leadership, is that a combination of hard and soft power, which he calls “smart power”, is the best approach.The dominant theoretical model of leadership at the moment is, apparently, the “transformational leadership pattern”. Anyone allergic(反感) to management term will already be running for the exit, but Mr.Nye has performed a valuable service in rounding up and summarizing the various academic studies and theories of leadership into a single, slim volume. He examines different approaches to leadership, the morality of leadership and how the wider context can determine the effectiveness of a particular leader. There are plenty of anecdotes and examples, historical and contemporary, political and corporate.Also, leadership is a slippery subject, and as he depicts various theories, even Mr.Nye never quite nails the jelly to the wall. He is at his most interesting when discussing the moral aspects of leadership, in particular, the question of whether it is sometimes necessary for good leaders to lie—and he provides a helpful 12-points summary of his conclusion. A resuming theme is that as circumstances change, different sorts of leaders are required; a leader who thrives in one environment may struggle in another, and vice versa. Ultimately that is just a fancy way of saying that leadership offers no easy answers.51. From the first two paragraphs we may learn than Mr. Machiavelli’s i dea of hard power is ______.A. well accepted by Joseph NyeB. very influential till nowadaysC. based on sound theoriesD. contrary to that of modem leadership theorists52. Which of the following makes soft power more important today according to Mr.Nye?A. Coercion is widespread.B. Morality is devalued.C. Power is no longer concentrated.D. Traditional hierarchies are strengthened53. In his book the Powers to lead, Mr. Nye has examined all the following aspects of leadership EXCEPT_____.A. authorityB. contextC. approachesD. morality54. Mr. Nye’s book is particularly valuable in that it _____.A. makes little use of management termsB. summarizes various studies conciselyC. serves as an exit for leadership researchersD. sets a model for contemporary corporate leaders55. Acc ording to the author, the most interesting part of Mr. Nye’s book lies in his _____.A. view of changeable leadershipB. definition of good leadershipC. summary of leadership historyD. discussion of moral leadershipQuestions 56 to 60are based on the following passage:Americans don't like to lose wars. Of course, a lot depends on how you define just what a war is. There are shooting wars—the kind that test patriotism and courage—and those are the kind at which the U.S excels. But other struggles test those qualities too. What else was the Great Depression or the space race or the construction of the railroads? If American indulge in a bit of flag—when the job is done, they earned it.Now there is a similar challenge. Global warming. The steady deterioration(恶化)of the very climate of this very planet is becoming a war of the first order, and by any measure, the U.S. produces nearly a quarter of the world's greenhouse gases each year and has stubbornly made it clear that it doesn't intend to do a whole lot about it. Although 174 nations approved the admittedly flawed Kyoto accords to reduce carbon levels, the U.S. walked away from them. There are vague promises of manufacturing fuel from herbs or powering cars with hydrogen. But for a country that tightly cites patriotism as one of its core values, the U.S. is taking a pass on what might be the most patriotic struggle of all. It's hard to imagine a bigger fight than one for the survival of a country's coasts and farms, the health of its people and stability of its economy.The rub is, if the vast majority of people increasingly agree that climate change is a global emergency, there's far less agreement on how to fix it. Industry offers its pans, which too often would fix little. Environmentalists offer theirs, which too often amount to native wish lists that could weaken American's growth. But let's assume that those interested parties and others will always bent the table and will always demand that their voices be heard and that their needs be addressed. What would an aggressive, ambitious, effective plan look like—one that would leave the U.S. both environmentally safe and economically sound?Halting climate change will be far harder. One of the more conservative plans for addressing the problem calls for a reduction of 25 billion tons of carbon emissions over the next 52 year. And yet by devising a consistent strategy that mixes and blends pragmatism(实用主义)with ambition, the U.S. can, without major damage to the economy, help halt the worst effects of climate change and ensure the survival of its way of life for future generations. Money will do some of the work, but what's needed most is will. “I'm not saying the challenge isn't almost overwhelming,” says Fred Krupp. “But this is America, and America has risen to these challenges before.”56. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. Human wars.B. Economic crisis.C. America's environmental policies.D. Global environment in general.57. From the last sentence of paragraph 2 we may learn that the survival of a country's coasts and farms, the health of its people and the stability of its economy is__________.A. of utmost importanceB. a fight no one can winC. beyond people's imaginationD. a less significant issue58. Judging from the context, the word “rub”(Line 1, Para.3)probably means_______.A. frictionB. contradictionC. conflictD. problem59. What is the author's attitude toward America's policies on global warming?A. CriticalB. IndifferentC. SupportiveD. Compromising60. The paragraphs immediately following this passage would most probably deal with___________.A. the new book written by Fred KruppB. how America can fight against global warmingC. the harmful effects of global warmingD. how America can tide over economic crisisSection IV TranslationDirections:In this section there is a passage in English. Translate the five sentences underlined into Chinese and write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2.With the nation’s financial system teetering on a cliff. The compensation arrangements for executives of the big banks and other financial firms are coming under close examination again.Bankers’ excessive risk- taking is a significant cause of this financial crisis and has continued, to others in the past, in this case, it was fueled by low interest rates and kept going by a false sense of security created by a debt-fueled bubble in the economy.Mortgage lenders gladly lent enormous sums to those who could not afford to pay them back dividing the laws and selling them off to the next financial institution along the chain, advantage of the same high-tech securitization to load on more risky mortgage-based assets.Financial regulation will have to catch up with the most irresponsible practices that led banks down in this road, in hopes averting the next crisis, which is likely to involve different financial techniques and different sorts of assets. But it is worth examining the root problem of compensation schemes that are tied to short-term profits and revenue’s, and thus encourage bankers to take irresponsible risk s.Section V WritingDirections:Direction: In this section, you are asked to write an essay based on the following information. Make comments and express your own opinion. You should write at least 150 words on Answer Sheet 2.At present, there is no doubt that short message plays an increasingly important role in our lives. We are all aware that, like everything else, short message have both favorable and unfavorable aspects.Generally speaking, the advantages can be listed as follows. First of all, in festivals, we can send short messages to wish good luck to other people we know. It brings us a lot of convenience. In addition, short message connects its users with the outside world. For example, some people subscribe weather forecast or news short mess ages, with them, people’s life will be greatly enriched.But it is pity that every coin has two sides. The disadvantages of short message can’t be ignored. We spend too much time on spelling our words and sending short messages that we can’t focus on our studies. Also, you will always be annoyed by strangers’ short messages one after another.As is known to all, short message is neither good nor bad itself. In my opinion, we can use it. But we shouldn’t spend too much time on it and don’t let it disturb u s from our lives.2009MBA联考英语试卷参考绝密★启用前2008年全国攻读硕士学位全国联考工商管理硕士英语试卷考生须知1．选择题的答案须用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上，其它笔填涂的或做在试卷或其它类型答题卡上的答案无效。
2005年MBA英语考试试题(part 4)
2005年MBA英语考试试题（part 4）Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET I with a pencil.Questions 41 to 44 are based on the following passage:It was inevitable: in the rapidly shrinking world of global entertainment, Hollywood was destined to discover Hong Kong. Can a vampire resist fresh blood? Can an industry that always goes where the action is turn its back on an industry whose products are even more thrill-happy than its own? And Hong Kong , the second largest exporter of movies in the world, has been churning out (大批而廉价的造出) some of the most exuberant mayhem since Bruce Lee.Last week the $ 60 million action film Broken Arrow with John Travolta and Christian Slater opened. It was directed by John Woo, revered for his explosions of violence in hilariousHong Kong movies. Next week New Line will release an English-language version of Rumble in the Bronx, starring Jackie Chan, whose comic action adventures have made him probably the world’s most popular star.Hong Kong’s move into Hollywood is an economic marriage of sorts(差劲的). It comes just in time for the British colony. Cinema in Hong Kong is in serious decline-----ticket sales for locally made movies have plummeted(大坡度落下) 30 percent since 1992. Local audiences have become fed up with a flood of low quality productions. Unlike Chan’s movies, made on sizable budgets over a period of six or eight months, many of Hong Kong’s 200 movies a year are made in a little more than a month, with no regard to plausibility or continuity. “Now Asian, Chinese people don’t like Hong Kong movies anymore.”Chan complains, “A hundred moviemakers doing the same thing. Very quick. Quick money. They are not looking for a new road. The audience want to see Western movie.”This makes Hollywood very tempting-----for the select few who can succeed here. As for what Hollywood gets out of Hong Kong, the biggest economic incentive may be low costs. In addition to delivering cheap thrills, Hong Kong directors have endeared themselves to U.S. studios by working fast andspending little. That’s a refreshing change form profligate(奢侈的) U.S. productions. Then there is the increasing internationalization of Hollywood’s audience: by some estimates, three quarters of an American film’s box-office take will come from outside the United States by the next century. For U.S. studio chiefs, that alone makes it worthwhile to find a non American sensibility for the director’s chair.Is America ready for this Asian infusion? On college campuses and big cities, where festivals of Hong Kong cinema draw big crowds, it is a sign of hipness (时髦) to toss around such action-star names as Chan and Chow Yun-fat. Whether these Hong Kong talents can succeed in Hollywood is unclear, but the Hong Kong style has already arrived. Latest Hollywood movies show certain Hong Kong characteristics, while John woo boasts that the models for his movies are Hollywood directors Martin Scorsese and Sam Pechinpah. Thus Hollywood is importing guys to do U.S. versions of Hong Kong visions inspired by Hollywood movies in the first place. Which comes first, the chicken or the egg?The irony deepens when you watch Woo’s movie Broken Arrow. Dumb, sometimes exciting, it may well be Woo’s first big American commercial hit. But the Woo signature has beenerased, anonymous Hollywood clone, and his future here seems secured. But will Woo ever be Woo again?36.According to the passage, Hong KongA.is the largest exporter of movies in the world.B.Is the second largest exporter of movies in the world?C.Is the second largest importer of movies in the world?D. beats Hollywood in the rapidly shrinking world of global entertainment.37．Hollywood appeals to Hong Kong talents becauseA．cinema in Hong Kong is in serious decline.B．Local audiences want Hong Kong stars to take over Hollywood.C．Hollywood movies can be made in less than a month.D．Hollywood offers them a better chance to succeed.38．The biggest attraction of Hong Kong to Hollywood isA.the internationalization of Hollywood’s audience.B.the low costs of Hong Kong made movies.C.the speed of Hong Kong directors.D. the popularity of Hong Kong movie stars39. What can be inferred from the last Paragraph of the article?A.John Woo will never be called John Woo again.B.John Woo’s first big American commercial hit is dumb and sometimes exciting.C.Woo’s movie Broken Arrow is an irony.D. Woo succeeds in Hollywood at the cost of losing his own style.2005年MBA英语考试试题（part 4）相关内容:。
2005MBA英语真题及答案
2005年MBA英语真题及答案详解考生须知选择题的答案须用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上，其它笔填涂的或做在试卷或其它类型答题卡上的答案无效。
其他题一律用蓝色或黑色钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸上按规定要求作答，凡做在试卷上或未做在指定位置的答案无效。
交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭据）。
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2005年全国攻读工商管理硕士研究生入学考试英语试题Section I Vocabulary (10 points)Directions:There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.1. Advertises often aim their campaigns at young people as they have considerable spending _____.A. powerB. forceC. energyD. ability2. We've bought some ______ chairs for the garden so that they are easy to store awayA. adaptingB. adjustingC. bindingD. folding3. The new speed restrictions were a ______ debated issue,A. heavilyB. hotlyC. deeplyD. profoundly4. His change of job has ____ him with a new challenge in lifeA. introducedB. initiatedC. presentedD. led5. No _____you're hungry if you haven't eaten since yesterdayA. matterB. surpriseC. wonderD. problem6. The pianist played beautifully, showing a real _____ for the musicA. feelingB. understandingC. appreciationD. sense7. The boss into a rage and started shouting at Robert to do as he was toldA. flewB. chargedC. rushedD. burst8. Politicians should never lose ______ of the needs of the people they representA. viewB. sightC. regardD. prospect9. The employees tried to settle the dispute by direct _____with the bossA, negotiation B. connection C. association D. communication10. You haven't heard all the facts so don't _____ to conclusionsA. dashB. jumpC. muchD. fly11. I am _____ aware of the need to obey the vales of the competitionA. greatlyB. farC. muchD. well12. The manager has always attended to the _____ of important business himselfA. transactionB. solutionC. translationD. stimulation13. As is known to all a country gets a (an) ______from taxesA income B. revenue C. Rind D. paymentI4, The government has decided to reduce ______ on all imports.A. feeB. chargeC. tariffD. tuition15. The need for financial provision not only to producers but also to consumersA. connectsB. links C .associates D. relates16. The ability of bank to create deposits is determined by the ratio of liouid assetswhich they___.A. mount.B. containC. remainD. maintain17 .The first serious prospect of a cure for Aids_____ a treatment which delays its effectsha emergedother than B. rather than C. more than D. less than18. His parents died when he was young, so he was ____ by his grandmaA. bredB. broughtC. fedD. grown19.The Japanese dollar-buying makes traders eager to ______dollars in fear of another government interA. let inB. let outC. let go ofD. let off it’s20. The local people could hardly think of any good way to ______ the disaster of the warA. shake offB. get offC. put offD. take offSection II Cloze (10 points)Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.A few decades ago, the world banking community invented new Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT) systems to move money more efficiently across countries and around the globe. The ___21__benefit of such systems was to __22___the float of capital that was unavailable for __23__ checks were being cleared through banking__24__. Today, we understand that benefits of electronic banking are far more _25__ than just reducing floating cash. The world of banking__26__revolutionizeD．It is __27_ more efficient and faster, but more global. And now_28_the Internet, EFT systems are increasingly __29__with the new world of e-commerce and e-trade.__30__1997 and 2003, EFT value__31__from less than $50 trillion to nearly $40 trillion, more than the __32__economic product of all the countries and territories of the entire world. These statistics__33__should emphasize the true importance of transnational EFT Satellite, wireless, and cable-based electronic fund transfers _34__ the hub of global enterprise.Such electronic cash is _35__central to the idea of an emerging “worldwide mind.” Without the satellite and fiber infrastructure to support the flow of electronic funds, the world economy would grind to a halt.Section III Reading comprehension (40 points)Directions:Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C and D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.Passage OneWorking at nonstandard times-----evenings, nights, or weekends----is taking its toll on American families. One-fifth of all employed Americans work variable or rotating shifts, and one-third work weekends, according to HarrietB. Presser, sociology professor at the University of Maryland. The result is stress on familial relationships, which is likely to continue in coming decades.The consequences of working irregular hours vary according to gender, economic level, and whether or not children are involved. Single mothers are more likely to work nights and weekends than married mothers. Women in clerical, sales, or other low-paying jobs participate disproportionately in working late and graveyard shifts.Married-couple households with children are increasingly becoming dual-earner households, generating more split-shift couples. School-aged children, however, may benefit from parents’nonstandard work schedules because of the greater likelihood that a parent will be home before or after school. On the other hand, a correlation exists between nonstandard work schedules and both marital instability and a decline in the quality of marriages.Nonstandard working hours mean families spend less time together for diner but more time together for breakfast. One-on-one interaction between parents and children varies, however, based on parent, shift, and age of children. There is also a greater reliance on child care by relatives and by professional providers.Working nonstandard hours is less a choice of employees and more a mandate of employer. Presser believes that the need for swing shifts and weekend work will continue to rise in the coming decades. She reports that in some European countries there are substantial salary premiums for employees working irregular hours-sometimes as much as 50% higher. The convenience of having services available 24 hours a day continues to drive this trend.Unfortunately, says Presser, the issue is virtually absent from public discourse. She emphasizes the need for focused studies on costs and benefits of working odd hours, the physical and emotional health of people working nights and weekends, and the reasons behind the necessity for working these hours. “Nonstandard work schedules not only are highly prevalent among American families but also generate a level of complexity in family functioning that needs greater attention,” she says./36．Which of the following demonstrates that working at nonstandard times is taking its toll on American families？A．Stress on familial relationships．B．Rotating shifts.C．Evenings，nights，or weekends.D．Its consequences.37．Which of the following is affected most by working irregular hours？A．Children.B．Marriage.C．Single mothers.D．Working women.38．Who would be in favor of the practice of working nonstandardhours？A．Children.B．Parents.C．EmployeesD．Professional child providers.39．It is implied that the consequences of nonstandard work schedules are .A．emphasizedB．absentC．neglectedD．prevalent40．What is the author’s attitude towards working irregular hours？A．Positive.B．Negative.C．Indifferent.D．Objective.Passage TwoMost human beings actual1y decide before they think. When any human being----executive, specialized expert, or person in the street----encounters a complex issue and forms an opinion, often within a matter of seconds, how thoroughly has he or she explored the implications of the various courses of action Answer: not very thoroughly. Very few people, no matter how inte1ligent or experienced, can take inventory of the many branching possibilities, possible outcomes, side effects, and undesired consequences of a policy or a course of action in a matter of seconds. Yet, those who pride themse1ves on being decisive often try to do just that. And once their brains lock onto an opinion, most of their thinking thereafter consists of finding support for it.A very serious side effect of argumentative decision making can be a lack of support for the chosen course of action on the pat of the “losing”faction. When one faction wins the meeting and the others see themselves as losing, the battle often doesn’t end when the meeting ends. Anger, resentment, and jealousy may lead them to sabotage the 4ecision later, or to reopen the debate at later meetings.There is a better. As philosopher Aldous Huxley said, “It isn’t who is right, but what is right, that counts.”The structured-inquiry method offers a better alternative to argumentative decision making by debate. With the help of the Internet and wireless computer technology the gap between experts and executives is now being dramatically closed. By actually putting the brakes on the thinking process, slowing it down, and organizing the flow of logic, it’s possible to create a level of clarity that sheer argumentation can never match.The structured-inquiry process introduces a level of conceptual clarity by organizing the contributions of the experts, then brings the experts and thedecision makers closer together. Although it isn’t possible or necessary for a president or prime minister to listen in on every intelligence analysis meeting, it’s possible to organize the experts’ information to give the decision maker much greater insight as to its meaning. This process may somewhat resemble a marketing focus group; it’s a sim ple, remarkably clever way to bring decision makers closer to the source of the expert information and opinions on which they must base their decisions.4l．From the first paragraph we can learn that .A．executive, specialized expert, are no more clever than person in the streetB．very few people dec1de before they thinkC．those who pride themselves on being decisive often fail to do soD．people tend to consider carefully before making decisions42．Judging from the context, what does the word “them”(line 4, paragraph 2) refer to/A．Decision makers.B．The “losing”faction.C．Anger, resentment, and jealousy.D．Other people.43．Aldous Huxley’s remark (Paragraph 3) implies that .A．there is a subtle difference between right and wrongB．we cannot tell who is right and what is wrongC．what is right is more important than who is rightD．what is right accounts for the question who is right44．According to the author, the function of the structured-inquiry method is .A．to make decision by debateB．to apply the Internet and wireless computer technology.C．to brake on the thinking process, slowing it downD．to create a level of conceptual clarity45．The structured-inquiry process can be useful for .A．decision makersB．intelligence analysis meetingC．the experts’informationD．marketing focus groupsPassage ThreeSport is heading for an indissoluble marriage with television and the passive spectator will enjoy a private paradise. All of this will be in the future of sport. The spectator (the television audience) will be the priority and professional clubs will have to readjust their structures to adapt to the new reality: sport as a business.The new technologies will mean that spectators will no longer have to wait for broadcasts by the conventional channels. They will be the ones who decide what to see. And they will have to pay for it. In the UnitedStates the system of the future has already started: pay-as-you-view. Everything will be offered by television and the spectator will only have to choose. The review Sports Illustrated recently published a full profile of the life of the supporter at home in the middle of the next century. It explained that the consumers would be able to select their view of the match on a gigantic, flat screen occupying the whole of one wall, with images of a clarity which cannot be foreseen at present; they could watch from the trainer’s stands just behind the batter in a game of baseball or from the helmet of the star player in an American football game. And at their disposal will be the sane option s the producer of the recorded programmer has to select replays, to choose which camera to me and to decide on the sound whether to hear the public, the players, the trainer and so on.Many sports executives, largely too old and too conservative to feel at home with the new technologies will believe that sport must control the expansion of television coverage in order to survive and ensure that spectators attend matches. They do not even accept the evidence which contradicts their view while there is more basketball than ever on television, for example, it is also certain that basketball is more popular than ever.It is also the argument of these sports executives that television harming the modest teams. This is true, but the future of those team is also modest. They have reached their ceiling . It is the law of the market. The great events continually attract larger audience.The world I being constructed on new technologies so that people can make the utmost use of their time and , in their home have access to the greatest possible range of recreational activities. Sport will have to adapt itself to the new world.The most visionary executives go further. That philosophy is: rather than see television take over sport why not have sports taken over television 46．What does the writer mean by use of the phrase “an indissoluble marriage”in the first paragraph/A．sport is combined with television.B．sport controls television.C．television dictates sports.D．Sport and television will go their own ways47．What does “they”in line 2 paragraph 2 stand forA．Broadcasts.B．Channels.C．Spectators.D．Technologies.48．How do many sports executives feel with the new technologiesA．they are too old to do anything.B．They feel ill at ease.C．They feel completely at home.D．Technologies can go hand in hand with sports.49．What is going to be discussed in the following paragraphsA．the philosophy of visionary executives.B．The process of television taking over sport.C．Television coverage expansion.D．An example to show how sport has taken over television.50．What might be the appropriate title of this passageA．the arguments of sports executives.B．The philosophy of visionary executives.C．Sports and television in the 21st century.D．Sports: a business.Passage FourConvenience food helps companies by creating growth, but what is its effect on people For people who think cooking was the foundation of civilization ,the microwave is the last enemy. The communion of eating togetherIs easily broken by a device that liberates households citizens from waiting for mealtimes. The first great revolution in the history of food is in danger of being undone. The companionship of the campfire, cooking pot and common table, which have helped to bond humans in collaborative living for at least 150000 years could be destroyed.Meals have certainly sated from the rise of convenience food. The only meals regularly taken together in Britain these days are at the weekend, among rich families struggling to retain something of the old symbol of to getherness. Indeed, the day’s first meal has all but disappeared. In the 20th century the leisure British breakfast was undermined by the corn flake; in the 21st breakfast is vanishing altogether a victim of the quick cup of coffee in Starbucks and the cereal bar.Convenience food has also made people forget how to cook one of the apparent paradoxes of modern food is that while the amount of time spent cooking meals has fallen from 60 minutes a day in 1980 to 13M a day in 2002, the number of cooks and television programmer on cooking has multiplied. But perhaps this isn’t a paradox. Maybe it is became people can’t cook anymore, s o they need to be told how to do it, or maybe it is because people buy books about hobbies---golf, yachting ---not about chores. Cooking has ceased to be a chore and has become a hobby.Although everybody lives in the kitchen. its facilities are increasingly for display rather than for use. Mr. Silverstein’s now book, ”trading up”look at mid-range consumer’s milling now to splash out. He says that industrial --style Viking cook pot, with nearly twice the heat output of other ranges, have helped to push the “kitchen as theater” trend in hour goods. They cost from $1000 to $9000.Some 75% of them are never used.Convenience also has an impact on the healthiness, or otherwise, of food ,of course there is nothing bad about ready to eat food itself. You don’t get much healthier than an apple, and supermarkets sell a better foryou range of ready-meals. But there is a limit to the number of apples people want to eat; and these days it is easier for people to eat the kind of food that makes them fat The three Harvard economists in their paper “why have Americans become more obese” point out that in the past, if people wanted to eat fatty hot food, they had to cook it. That took time and energy a good chip needs frying twice, once to cook the potato and once to get it crispy. Which discouraged of consumption of that cost of food. Mass preparation of food took away that constraint. Nobody has to cut and d ouble cook their own fries these days. Who has the time 51．What might the previous paragraphs deal withA．The relationship between meals and convenience food.B．The importance of convenience food in people’s life.C．The rise of convenience food.D．The history of food industry./52 ．What is the paradox in the third paragraphA．People don’t know how to cook.B．The facilities in the kitchen are not totally used.C．People are becoming more obsess ,thus unhealthy.D．Convenience food actually does not save people thrive.53．What does the passage mainly discussA．The bad effects of convenience foodB．Mr. Silverstein’s new bookC．People’s new hobbyD．Disappearance of the old symbol of togetherness.54．Why has American become more obsessA．Because of eating chips.B．Because of being busy.C．Because of being lazy.D．B and C.55 ．Which of the following might the another mostly agree withA．There is nothing bad about convenience food.B．Convenience food makes people lazy.C．Convenience food helps companies grow.D．Convenience food is a revolution in cooking.Section IV Translation (20 points)Directions:In this section there is a passage in English. Translate the five sentences underlined into Chinese and write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2.An art museum director with foresight might follow trends in computer graphics to make exhibit more appealing to younger visitor.For instances, capable corporate manager might see alarming rise in local housing price that could affect availability of skilled workers in the region. People in government also need foresight to keep system running smoothly, to play budget and prevent war.Many of the best known technique for foresight were developed by government planner, especially in the military, thinking about the unthinkable.The futurist recognized that the future world is continuing with preset world. We can learn a great deal about what many happen in the future by looking systematically at what is happy nowSection V Writing (20 points)Directions:In this part, you are asked to write a composition according to the information below. You should write more than 150 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.“五一”、“十一”长假已逐步为人们所习惯，她给百姓带来了充足的娱乐休闲机会，更促进了旅游经济的发展。
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2005年10月在职MBA英语真题Section I VocabularyDirections:There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1 with a pencil.（10 points）1.Advertisers often aim their campaigns at young people as they have considerable spending______.A.powerB.forceC.energyD.ability2.We've bought some _______chairs for the garden so that they are easy to store away.A.adaptingB.adjustingC.bendingD.folding3.The new speed restrictions were a __debated issue.A.heavilyB.hotlyC.deeplyD.profoundly4.His change of job has ____him with a new challenge in lifeA.introducedB.initiatedC.presentedD.led5.No ________you're hungry if you haven't eaten since yesterday.A.matterB.surpriseC.wonderD.problem6.The pianist played beautifully,showing a real _______for the music.A.feelingB.understandingC.appreciationD.sense7.The boss ______into a rage and started shouting at Robert to do as he was told.A.flewB.chargedC.rushedD.burst8.Politicians should never lose _______of the needs of the people they representA.viewB.sightC.regardD.prospect9.The employees tried to settle the dispute by direct ____with the boss.A.negotiationB.connectionC.associationmunication10.You haven't heard all the facts so don't _____to conclusions.A.dashB.jumpC.muchD.fly11.I am ______aware of the need to obey the rules of the competition.A.greatlyB.farC.muchD.well12.The manager has always attended to the ____of important business himself.A.transactionB.solutionC.translationD.stimulation13.As is known to all,a country gets a （an）____from taxes.A.incomeB.revenueC.fundD.payment14.The government has decided to reduce ____on all imports.A.feeB.chargeC.tariffD.tuition15.The need for financial provision ___not only to producers but also to consumers.A.connectsB.linksC.associatesD.relates16.The ability of bank to create deposits is determined by the ratio of liquid assets which they___A.mountB.containC.remainD.maintain17.The first serious prospect of a cure for Aids,a treatment which delays its effects______,has emerged recently.A.other thanB.rather thanC.more thanD.less than18.His parents died when he was young,so he was ______up by his grandma .A.bredB.broughtC.fedD.grown19.The Japanese dollar-buying makes traders eager to ______dollars in fear of another government intervention .A.let inB.let outC.let go ofD.let off20.The local people could hardly think of any good way to ______the disaster of the war .A.shake offB.get offC.put offD.take offSection II CloseDirections:For each numbered blank in the following passage,there are four choices marked A,B,C,and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 with a pencil. （15 points）A few decades ago,the world banking community invented new Electronic Funds Transfer （EFT）systems to move money more efficiently across countries and around the globe. The__21__benefit of such systems was to __22___the float of capital that was unavailable for ？__23__ checks were being cleared through banking__24__. Today,we understand that benefits of electronic banking are far more _ 25__ than just reducing floating cash. The world of banking__26__revolutionizeD.It is __27_ more efficient and faster,but more global. And now _28_ the Internet,EFT systems are increasingly __29__with the new world of e-commerce and e-trade.__30__1997 and 2003,EFT value __31__from less than $50 trillion to nearly $40trillion,more than the __32__economic product of all the countries and territories of the entire world. These statistics __33__ should emphasize the true importance of transnational EFT Satellite,wireless,and cable-based electronic fund transfers _34__ the hub of global enterprise. Such electronic cash is _35__ central to the idea of an emerging worldwide mind Without the satellite and fiber infrastructure to support the flow of electronic funds,the world economy would grind to a halt.21.A.hiding B.getting C.driving D.giving22.A.introduce B.reduce C.produce D.increase23.A.which B.that C.while D.where24.A.mechanics B.methods C.procedures D.systems25.A.extensive B.intensive C.profound D.great26.A.is B.has C.has been D.had been27.A.far B.even C.just D.not only28.A.with B.by C.for D.on29.A.linked B.integrated C.controlled D.joined30.A.Between B.In C.From D.Among31.A.decreased B.raised C.elevated D.soared32.A.gross B.accelerated bined D.collective33.A.lonely B.alone C.only D.merely34.A.present B.represent C.reserve prehend35.A.so B.nevertheless C.thereafter D.thereforeSection III Reading ComprehensionDirections:Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A,B,C,and D. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 with a pencil. （15 points）Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage：Working at nonstandard times－evenings,nights,or weekends－is taking its toll on American families. One-fifth of all employed Americans work variable or rotating shifts,and one-third work weekends,according to Harriet B. Presser,sociology professor at the University of Maryland. The result is stress on familial relationships,which is likely to continue in coming decades.The consequences of working irregular hours vary according to gender,economic level,and whether or not children are involved. Single mothers are more likely to work nights and weekends than married mothers. Women in clerical,sales,or other low-paying jobs participate disproportionately in working late and graveyard shifts.Married-couple households with children are increasingly becoming dual-earner households,generating more split-shift couples. School-aged children,however,may benefit from parents'nonstandard work schedules because of the greater likelihood that a parent will be home before or after school. On the other hand,a correlation exists between nonstandard work schedules and both marital instability and a decline in the quality of marriages.Nonstandard working hours mean families spend less time together for diner but more time together for breakfast. One-on-one interaction between parents and children varies,however,based on parent,shift,and age of children. There is also a greater reliance on child care by relatives and by professional providers.Working nonstandard hours is less a choice of employees and more a mandate of employer. Presser believes that the need for swing shifts and weekend work will continue to rise in the coming decades. She reports that in some European countries there are substantial salary premiums for employees working irregular hours-sometimes as much as 50% higher. The convenience of having services available 24 hours a day continues to drive this trend.Unfortunately,says Presser,the issue is virtually absent from public discourse. She emphasizes the need for focused studies on costs and benefits of working odd hours,the physical and emotional health of people working nights and weekends,and the reasons behind the necessity for working these hours. Nonstandard work schedules not only are highly prevalent among American families but also generate a level of complexity in family functioning that needs greater attention, she says.36.Which of the following demonstrates that working at nonstandard times is taking its toll on American families？A.Stress on familial relationships.B.Rotating shifts.C.Evenings,nights,or weekends.D.Its consequences.37.Which of the following is affected most by working irregular hours？A.Children.B.Marriage.C.Single mothers.D.Working women.38.Who would be in favor of the practice of working nonstandard hours？A.Children.B.Parents.C.EmployeesD.Professional child providers.39.It is implied that the consequences of nonstandard work schedules are.A.emphasizedB.absentC.neglectedD.prevalent40.What is the author's attitude towards working irregular hours？A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Indifferent.D.Objective.Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage：Most human beings actual1y decide before they think. When any human being－executive,specialized expert,or person in the street－encounters a complex issue and forms an opinion,often within a matter of seconds,how thoroughly has he or she explored the implications of the various courses of action？Answer:not very thoroughly. Very few people，no matter howinte1ligent or experienced,can take inventory of the many branching possibilities,possible outcomes,side effects,and undesired consequences of a policy or a course of action in a matter of seconds. Yet,those who pride themse1ves on being decisive often try to do just that. And once their brains lock onto an opinion,most of their thinking thereafter consists of finding support for it.A very serious side effect of argumentative decision making can be a lack of support for the chosen course of action on the pat of the losingfaction. When one faction wins the meeting and the others see themselves as losing,the battle often doesn't end when the meeting ends.Anger,resentment,and jealousy may lead them to sabotage the 4ecision later，or to reopen the debate at later meetings.There is a better. As philosopher Aldous Huxley said,It isn't who is right,but what is right,that counts.The structured-inquiry method offers a better alternative to argumentative decision making by debate. With the help of the Internet and wireless computer technology the gap between experts and executives is now being dramatically closed. By actually putting the brakes on the thinking process,slowing it down,and organizing the flow of logic,it's possible to create a level of clarity that sheer argumentation can never match.The structured-inquiry process introduces a level of conceptual clarity by organizing the contributions of the experts,then brings the experts and the decision makers closer together. Although it isn't possible or necessary for a president or prime minister to listen in on every intelligence analysis meeting,it's possible to organize the experts'information to give the decision maker much greater insight as to its meaning. This process may somewhat resemble a marketing focus group;it's a simple,remarkably clever way to bring decision makers closer to the source of the expert information and opinions on which they must base their decisions.4l.From the first paragraph we can learn that .A.executive,specialized expert,are no more clever than person in the streetB.very few people dec1de before they thinkC.those who pride themselves on being decisive often fail to do soD.people tend to consider carefully before making decisions42.Judging from the context,what does the wordthem（line 4, paragraph 2）refer to？A.Decision makers.B.The losing faction.C.Anger,resentment,and jealousy.D.Other people.43.Aldous Huxley's remark （Paragraph 3）implies that.A.there is a subtle difference between right and wrongB.we cannot tell who is right and what is wrongC.what is right is more important than who is rightD.what is right accounts for the question who is right44.According to the author,the function of the structured-inquiry method is .A.to make decision by debateB.to apply the Internet and wireless computer technology.C.to brake on the thinking process,slowing it downD.to create a level of conceptual clarity45.The structured-inquiry process can be useful for .A.decision makersB.intelligence analysis meetingC.the experts'informationD.marketing focus groupsQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage：Sport is heading for an indissoluble marriage with television and the passive spectator will enjoy a private paradise. All of this will be in the future of sport. The spectator（the television audience）will be the priority and professional clubs will have to readjust their structures to adapt to the new reality:sport as a business.The new technologies will mean that spectators will no longer have to wait for broadcasts by the conventional channels.They will be the ones who decide what to see. And they will have to pay for it. In the United States the system of the future has already started:pay-as-you-view. Everything will be offered by television and the spectator will only have to choose. The reviewSports Illustrated recently published a full profile of the life of the supporter at home in the middle of the next century. It explained that the consumers would be able to select their view of the match on a gigantic,flat screen occupying the whole of one wall,with images of a clarity which cannot be foreseen at present;they could watch from the trainer's stands just behind the batter in a game of baseball or from the helmet of the star player in an American football game. And at their disposal will be the sane option s the producer of the recorded programmer has to select replays,to choose which camera to me and to decide on the sound whether to hear the public,the players,the trainer and so on.Many sports executives,largely too old and too conservative to feel at home with the new technologies will believe that sport must control the expansion of television coverage in order to survive and ensure that spectators attend matches. They do not even accept the evidence which contradicts their view while there is more basketball than ever on television，for example,it is also certain that basketball is more popular than ever.It is also the argument of these sports executives that television harming the modestteam.This is true,but the future of those teams is also modest.They have reached their ceiling.It is the law of the market.The great events continually attract larger audience.The world I being constructed on new technologies so that people can make the utmost use of their time and,in their home have access to the greatest possible range of recreational activities. Sport will have to adapt itself to the new world.The most visionary executives go further. That philosophy is:rather than see television take over sport why not have sports taken over television？46.What does the writer mean by use of the phrase an indissoluble marriage in the first paragraph？A.sport is combined with television.B.sport controls television.C.television dictates sports.D.Sport and television will go their own ways47.What does they in line 2 paragraph 2 stand for？A.Broadcasts.B.Channels.C.Spectators.D.Technologies.48.How do many sports executives feel with the new technologies？A.they are too old to do anything.B.They feel ill at ease.C.They feel completely at home.D.Technologies can go hand in hand with sports.49.What is going to be discussed in the following paragraphs？A.the philosophy of visionary executives.B.The process of television taking over sport.C.Television coverage expansion.D.An example to show how sport has taken over television.50.What might be the appropriate title of this passage？A.the arguments of sports executives.B.The philosophy of visionary executives.C.Sports and television in the 21st century.D.Sports:a business.Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage：Convenience food helps companies by creating growth,but what is its effect on people？For people who think cooking was the foundation of civilization,the microwave is the last enemy. The communion of eating togetherIs easily broken by a device that liberates households citizens from waiting for mealtimes. The first great revolution in the history of food is in danger of being undone. The companionship of the campfire,cooking pot and common table,which have helped to bond humans in collaborative living for at least 150000 years could be destroyed.Meals have certainly sated from the rise of convenience food. The only meals regularly taken together in Britain these days are at the weekend,among rich families struggling to retainsomething of the old symbol of togetherness. Indeed,the day's first meal has all but disappeared. In the 20th century the leisure British breakfast was undermined by the corn flake;in the 21st breakfast is vanishing altogether a victim of the quick cup of coffee in Starbucks and the cereal bar.Convenience food has also made people forget how to cook one of the apparent paradoxes of modern food is that while the amount of time spent cooking meals has fallen from 60 minutes a day in 1980 to 13M a day in 2002,the number of cooks and television programmer on cooking has multiplied. But perhaps this isn't a paradox. Maybe it is became people can't cook anymore,so they need to be told how to do it,or maybe it is because people buy books about hobbies——golf，yachting ——not about chores. Cooking has ceased to be a chore and has become a hobby.Although everybody lives in the kitchen. its facilities are increasingly for display rather than for use. Mr. Silverstein's now book,trading up look at mid-range consumer's milling now to splash out. He says that industrial–style Viking cook pot,with nearly twice the heat output of other ranges,have helped to push the kitchen as theater trend in hour goods. They cost from $1000 to $9000.Some 75% of them are never used.Convenience also has an impact on the healthiness,or otherwise,of food,of course there is nothing bad about ready to eat food itself. You don't get much healthier than an apple,and supermarkets sell a better for you range of ready-meals. But there is a limit to the number of apples people want to eat;and these days it is easier for people to eat the kind of food that makes them fat The three Harvard economists in their paper why have Americans become more obese？point out that in the past,if people wanted to eat fatty hot food,they had to cook it. That took time and energy a good chip needs frying twice,once to cook the potato and once to get it crispy. Which discouraged of consumption of that cost of food. Mass preparation of food took away that constraint. Nobody has to cut and double cook their own fries these days. Who has the time？51.What might the previous paragraphs deal with？A.The relationship between meals and convenience food.B.The importance of convenience food in people's life.C.The rise of convenience food.D.The history of food industry.52 .What is the paradox in the third paragraph？A.People don't know how to cook.B.The facilities in the kitchen are not totally used.C.People are becoming more obsess,thus unhealthy.D.Convenience food actually does not save people thrive.53.What does the passage mainly discuss？A.The bad effects of convenience foodB.Mr. Silverstein's new bookC.People's new hobbyD.Disappearance of the old symbol of togetherness.54.Why has American become more obsess？A.Because of eating chips.B.Because of being busy.C.Because of being lazy.D.B and C.55 .Which of the following might the another mostly agree with？A.There is nothing bad about convenience food.B.Convenience food makes people lazy.C.Convenience food helps companies grow.D.Convenience food is a revolution in cooking.Section IV TranslationDirections:In this section there is a passage in English. Translate the five sentences underlined into Chinese and write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. （15 points）56. An art museum director with foresight might follow trends in computer graphics to make exhibit more appealing to younger visitor .57. For instances,capable corporate manager might see alarming rise in local housing price that could affect availability of skilled workers in the region.58. People in government also need foresight to keep system running smoothly,to play budget and prevent war.59. Many of the best known technique for foresight were developed by government planner,especially in the military,thinking about the unthinkable，60.The futurists realized that the future world is continuous with present world. We can learna great deal about what many happen in the future by looking systematically at what is happy now.Section V WritingDirections:In this section,you are require to write a composition. You should write more than 150 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.（20 points）―五一‖、―十一‖长假丰富了人们的业余生活，促进了旅游经济的发展，同时也带来了诸如交通拥挤、环境污染等问题，请就―黄金周‖的经济发展与环保问题向政府有关部门写一封信，提出自己的见解和建议。