广东省深圳市龙岗区2017—2018年八年级第二学期期末质量检测(无答案)

合集下载

2017-2018学年深圳市龙岗区初中英语八年级下Unit 2测试题含答案

八年级(下)Unit 2能力测试题笔试部分(85分)第一卷选择题(60分)I.词汇测试(15分)i.根据句意，选择与划线部分意思最接近的选项。

(共8小题，每小题1分) ()1. — Have you got the message of having a Chinese exam?—Yes, I have. I began to study for the exam as soon as I knew it.A. ideaB. informationC. thought()2. — Let’s take our kids out for a walk. They get bored with staying at home.—That sounds good.A. afraid ofB. worried aboutC. tired of()3. — How is your new neighbor, Mrs Green?—She is a kind-hearted lady. She always helps others.A. babyB. manC. woman()4. — Lucy always holds her head up in front of others.—That’s because she is a very confident girl.A. putsB. sendsC. keeps()5. — Have they won the football game?—I don’t know, but seeing their sad expressions, I think they lost the game. A. looksB. eyes C. bodies()6. — Are you sure that the girl in blue is not your friend Lily?—Yes, I am. Lily wears a pink skirt today.A. happyB. certainC. sad()7. — Oh, the traffic is very heavy now. Do you know what happened?—Yes. A traffic accident took place just now.A. sufferedB. happenedC. paid()8. — What is the man doing?—He is reminding people about the danger of feeding animals in this zoo.A. making ... help withB. making... haveC. making ... think ofii.从下面每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。

2017-2018学年广东省深圳市福田区八年级(下)期末物理试卷

2017-2018学年广东省深圳市福田区八年级（下）期末物理试卷一、选择题（每小题2.5分，共40分）1．（2.5分）下列物体A所受重力的示意图中，正确的是（）A．B．C．D．2．（2.5分）下列关于力的说法中，正确的是（）A．力可以离开物体单独存在B．有力的作用时，一定既有施力物体，又有受力物体C．力的作用效果只与力的大小和方向有关D．物体只有接触时才可能发生力的作用3．（2.5分）上体育课时，涵涵同学看到操场上的物理现象，其中解释不正确的是（）A．穿运动鞋跑步不易滑倒是利用运动鞋底部凹凸不平的花纹来增大摩擦B．跳远的同学在起跳时用力蹬地是因为力的作用是相互的C．地面上滚动的足球越滚越慢，是由于足球的惯性越来越小D．球拍击打羽毛球，改变羽毛球的运动方向，说明力能改变物体的运动状态4．（2.5分）如图所示，水平桌面上用弹簧测力计沿水平方向拉着木块，从静止到直线运动的几次读数记录如下表。

由此可知，木块与水平桌面的滑动摩擦力为（）A．3.3N B．3.25N C．3.1N D．3N5．（2.5分）水平桌面上的木块在拉力F的作用下做匀速直行运动，下列有关木块受力的说法中，正确的是（）A．只受重力和支持力一对平衡力B．只受拉力和摩擦力一对平衡力C．受到重力和支持力、拉力和摩擦力两对平衡力D．无法确定6．（2.5分）对生活中一些惯性现象的解释：①水平公路上行驶的汽车关闭发动机后还能继续行驶一段距离。

是因为汽车具有惯性；②跳远运动员助跑起跳，是为了增大惯性；③小汽车配置安全气囊，可以减小惯性带来的危害；④抛出去的实心球还会在空中运动一段时间，是因为实心球受到惯性力的作用。

以上四种说法中正确的是（）A．只有①②B．只有①③C．只有②③D．只有①④7．（2.5分）下列说法正确的是（）A．马德堡半球实验测出了大气压的数值B．高压锅运用了液体沸点随气压的升高而降低的原理C．洗手盆的排水管用U形“反水弯”防臭是利用了连通器原理D．拦河大坝上窄下宽是由于液体压强随深度的增加而减小8．（2.5分）在如图所示的“探究体内部压强特点”的实验中，将压强计的探头放入盐水中，下列做法中能使U形管两边液面的高度差明显减小的是（）A．将探头放入在同样深度的酒精中B．将探头在原位置转动C．将探头向下移动一段距离D．将探头水平移动一段距离9．（2.5分）如图，质量相同的甲、乙两个正方体放在水中静止，下面说法中正确的是（）A．乙受到的浮力比甲大B．甲排开水的体积比乙多C．甲下表面受到水的压力比乙大D．甲的密度小于乙的密度10．（2.5分）下列事例中，利用大气压作用的是（）A．小王用吸管将饮料吸入口中B．医生用针筒把药水推入病人肌肉中C．小李用图钉把地图钉在墙上D．深水潜水员要穿特制的抗压潜水服11．（2.5分）2018年4月12日，中央军委在南海海域隆重举行海上阅兵，此次阅兵，辽宁舰航母编队精彩亮相，一大批新型潜艇，水面舰艇，作战飞机集中展示，下列分析合理的是（）A．当辽宁舰航母上舰载飞机起飞后，航空母舰排开水的体积会增大B．当水舱充水后，潜水艇重等于同体积的水重时，它可以漂浮在水中C．水面舰艇多采用前后编队面非并排行驶，是为避免潜艇相“吸”碰撞D．战机升空时，机翼下方气流速度较大，气流对机翼下表面的压强较大12．（2.5分）两个物体分别挂在弹簧测力计下且静止，将两物体浸没于水中静止时，两测力计示数的减小值相同，则两物体必定有相同的（）A．密度B．质量C．体积D．深度13．（2.5分）关于功和能，下列描述正确的是（）A．机械表上发条是增加了发条的弹性势能B．深圳大亚湾核电站是把电能转化为核能C．汽车加油后，以原来的速度继续匀速行驶它的动能会降低D．“飞流直下三千尺”中水的动能转化为重力势能14．（2.5分）下列简单机械（如图）中，属于省力杠杆的是（）A．筷子B．羊角锤C．理发剪刀D．钓鱼竿15．（2.5分）下列关于功率的说法中正确的是（）A．做功越多的则功率越大B．功率越大的机械，其效率越高C．功率越小的机械做功不一定少D．功率越大的机械越省力16．（2.5分）同一物体先用动滑轮（如图甲）匀速提升，后沿倾角为30°的斜面（如图乙）匀速提升，两次提升高度均为h，两次拉力大小均为F．则这两次提升物体的机械效率比较（）A．两者的机械效率一样高B．动滑轮的机械效率高C．斜面的机械效率高D．无法比较二、实验题（每空2分，共30分）17．（6分）小明先后在水平桌面铺上粗糙程度不同的物体（毛巾、棉布、木板）做了三次实验，然后将实验数据填入下列表格。

广东省深圳市龙岗区2018-2019学年八年级下学期期末考试物理试题及参考答案

龙岗区2018-2019学年第二学期期末质量监测试题八年级物理参考答案及评分标准本部分16小题，每小题2.5分，共40分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题意题号12345678910111213141516答案B D B C D B A B C C C C B A B D17-22为非选择题共计60分。

如无特别说明每空2分，最小给分值1分（作图题除外）。

17.（6分）（1）（2）（说明：1.重力、支持力、摩擦力各1分，没有标明力的符号扣0.5分；2.支点、动力F 1、动力臂l 1各1分；力臂中：支点的符号O、垂直符号、动力F 1符号、力臂的符号L 1的标记，以上没有的每项扣0.5分。

力臂用大括符或箭头都可。

）18.（10分）（1）二力平衡（2）①分析表格中序号1、2、3三组数据可知：滑动摩擦力的大小与接触面所受的压力有关②分析表格中序号1、4、5三组数据可知：滑动摩擦力的大小与接触面的粗糙程度有关（3）2.3静止或加速直线运动（此空填对一种情况可得1分）19.（10分）（1）B A （2）连通器（3）密度深度（填“高度”不得分）20.（12分）分10N/kg=0.27kg分分分（3）由阿基米德原理F 浮＝ρ液gV 排得，V =V 排=F 浮/ρ水g=1.0×103kg/m 3×10N/kg ）=10－4m 3分ρ=V =0.27kg/10－4m 3=2.7×103kg/m 3分（4）圆柱体刚浸没时下表面所处的深度：12cm=0.12m分下表面受到水的压强：分答：（1）0.27kg （2）（3）2.7×103kg/m 3（4）圆柱体刚浸没时下表面受到水的压强（说明：其它解法，参考以上标准酌情给分。

21.（12分）解：（1）物体对水平地面的压力：F 压=G=mg =30kg×10N/kg=300N 分受力面积：S =103cm 2=0.1m 2物体对水平地面的压强：p =F 压/S=300N/0.1m 2=3000Pa分（2）物体移动的距离：s 0.2m ／s 10s=2m 分滑轮组的动滑轮由两股绳承担，拉力移动的距离：s 2m=4m拉力F 所做的总功：W 总=Fs 60N4m=240J2分（3）拉力F 的功率:P =W 总/t =240J/10s=24W 分滑轮组的机械效率：η=W 有/W 总=fs 物/Fs =f/nF=96N/（60N ）=80％分答：（1）正方体物体对水平地面的压强为3000Pa ；（2）拉力F 所做的总功为240J ；（3）拉力F 的功率为24W ；（4）滑轮组的机械效率为80％（说明：其它解法，参考以上标准酌情给分。

新课标-精品卷】2017-2018学年广东省深圳市八年级下学期期末数学试卷及答案

新课标-精品卷】2017-2018学年广东省深圳市八年级下学期期末数学试卷及答案2017-2018学年广东省深圳市八年级（下）期末数学试卷一、选择题（本题有12小题，每小题3分，共36分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

）1.不等式2x+1＞x+2的解集是（）A。

x＞1B。

x＜1C。

x≥1D。

x≤12.多项式2x^2-2y^2分解因式的结果是（）A。

2(x+y)^2B。

2(x-y)^2C。

2(x+y)(x-y)D。

2(y+x)(y-x)3.下列图案中，不是中心对称图形的是（）A。

B。

C。

D。

4.如图，△ABC中，AB的垂直平分线交AC于D，如果AC=5cm，BC=4cm，那么△DBC的周长是（）A。

6cmB。

8cmC。

9cmD。

10cm5.要使分式有意义，那么x的取值范围是（）A。

x≠3B。

x≠-3C。

x≠3且x≠-3D。

x≠-36.如果关于x的不等式（a+1）x＞a+1的解集为x＜1，那么a的取值范围是（）A。

a＜-1B。

a＜0C。

a＞-1D。

a＞07.如图，在平行四边形ABCD中，AD=2AB，CE平分∠BCD交AD边于点E，且AE=3，则AB的长为（）A。

4B。

3C。

2D。

18.将一个有45°角的三角板的直角顶点放在一张宽为3cm 的纸带边沿上。

另一个顶点在纸带的另一边沿上，测得三角板的一边与纸带的一边所在的直线成30°角，如图，则三角板的最大边的长为（）A。

3cmB。

6cmC。

2√3cmD。

3√3cm9.如图，在平行四边形ABCD中，XXX于E，AF⊥CD 于F，若AE=4，AF=6，平行四边形ABCD的周长为40，则平行四边形ABCD的面积为（）A。

24B。

36C。

40D。

4810.如图，函数y=2x和y=ax+4的图象相交于点A（m，3），则不等式2x＜ax+4的解集为（）A。

x＜mB。

x＜3C。

x＞mD。

x＞311.已知a^2+b^2=6ab，则的值为（）A。

广东省2017-2018学年八年级物理下学期期末模拟试卷及答案(共五套)

广东省2017-2018学年八年级物理下学期期末模拟试卷及答案（共五套）广东省2017-2018学年八年级物理下学期期末模拟试卷及答案（一）一、选择题（每题3分，共21分）1．下列哪种情况是利用了声可以传递能量的特性？（）A．声呐探测鱼群B．超声波加湿器把水振动成雾状C．彩超检查胎儿的发育情况D．超声波探伤仪检查金属内部结构2．图1是一种“固体清新剂”，把它放置在厕所、汽车、饭店内，让人闻到香味，能有效的清新空气、预防感冒等，“固体清新剂”发生的物态变化是( ) A．熔化B．凝华C．汽化D．升华3．图2是李华同学做完“观察水的沸腾”实验后，根据记录的数据，以加热的时间为横轴、水的温度为纵轴画出的水的沸腾图像．下列对图像的分析判断中正确的是（）A．OA段水温度升高，表明水在吸热，AB段温度不变，表明水不再吸热B．AB段表明水在沸腾过程中吸热而不升温C．沸腾时水的温度不足100℃，可能是由于供热不足D．实验过程中加热的时间为3min4．某中学在举行元旦晚会时，为了追求更好的舞台效果，将舞台调暗，当只用红光照射穿白色上衣、黄色裙子的演员时．观众将看到此演员（）A．全身黑色B．全身红色C．上衣呈红色，裙子呈黄色D．上衣呈红色，裙子呈黑色5．一束平行光经过下列哪个光学器件作用后，出射光线仍为平行光束？（）A．凸透镜B．平面镜C．凹透镜D．凸面镜6．一位同学看到远方闪电便开始记时，过了 t 时间后听到雷声，如果已知光在空气中传播的速度为c ，声音在空气中的传播速度为v ，则发生雷电的地方到该同学的距离可以近似表示为：（）A ．c tB ．v tC ．c /tD ．v /t7．今年，我国大部分地区出现阴霾天气，空气被严重污染，其中PM2.5是天气阴霾的主要原因，悬浮在空气中的细颗粒物，容易被吸入人的肺部造成危害。

PM2.5是指细颗粒物的直径不大于 2.5 （）A ．厘米B ．分米C ．毫米D ．微米二、填空题（每空1分，共24分）8．“闻其声而知其人”这是根据声音的________不同来判断的，“震耳欲聋”是指声音的________大，“曲高和寡”中的 “高”是指_________高。

广东省深圳市龙岗区2017-2018学年八年级下学期期中测试英语试题

一、单选题广东省深圳市龙岗区2017-2018学年八年级下学期期中测试英语试题广东初二期中2018-11-14509次1. — When you have difficulty finishing your homework, you can ask your sister for help.—OK, Mom.A．interest B．trouble C．time2. — What should people do if they fall into a pool?— they should try to hold their heads above the water.A．shake B．nod C．keep3. — Are you sure about the news?—Yes. I was there and heard it clearly.A．certain B．comfortable C．excited4. — Look! There is much joy on that old man’s face.— Oh, that’s because today his children will come home to eat dinner.A．sadness B．courage C．happiness5. — Jim, what do you think of the questions in the last exam?—They were simple so I got full marks.A．strange B．wonderful C．easy6. — Congratulations, Lily. You won first prize in the game. How did you make it?—Through my hard training.A．compare B．know C．succeed7. — When did the event take place?—The day before Christmas.A．happen B．close C．end8. — Mr Green will set off for Canada next week. Let’s have a party for him.—OK. That’s a good idea.A．take off B．start off C．turn off9. If there is ________________ on someone’s face, he is not happy or sad.A．joy B．peace C．pain10. If you ________________ something, you need it or it is necessary (必需的).A．enjoy B．express C．require11. — Do you have any suggestions for my report?—It should be interesting, or people will feel ________________ and fall asleep.A．relaxed B．bored C．interested12. — What’s your secret of living a healthy life?—I exercise three times a week to keep ________________.A．fit B．funny C．happy13. — The ________________ near the river tells us not to swim there.—Yes. We’d better go home now.A．expression B．toolC．warning14. — How long does it take you to ________________ her song?—For twenty minutes.A．laugh B．paint C．record15. — Why do you want to be a volunteer?—Because I want to help people ________________.A．in addition B．in needC．in a hurry二、完型填空16. One evening, a man carrying a bottle of milk stopped Dominic in the street. He said he had a(n) __ and wanted his advice.“What’s it?” asked Dominic.“Though I never __ wine, I feel drunk when I get up in the morning,” said the man.“What do you drink __ at night?” asked Dominic, looking at the milk bottle in his __.“Milk.”“Just as I __,” said Dominic. “That is the cause of your problem.”“Milk makes me drunk? It sounds impossible,” asked the man in __ quickly.“I am afraid it is __,” said Dominic. “You drink the milk and go to bed. You __ around in your sleep. The milk is churned (被搅动). It turns into butter. Butter is churned and turns into cheese. Cheese turns into fat. Fat turns into sugar. Sugar turns into wine. So you wake up with wine in your stomach. That is wh y you feel__in the morning.”“So what should I do?” asked the man.“__. Don’t drink the milk,” said Dominic. “Give it to me.”After taking the milk bottle from the man, Dominic walked away quickly.【小题1】A．idea B．problem C．way【小题2】A．buy B．sell C．drink【小题3】A．finally B．quickly C．slowly【小题4】A．bag B．hand C．back【小题5】A．planned B．thought C．wanted【小题6】A．surprise B．time C．worry【小题7】A．wrong B．interesting C．true【小题8】A．tour B．run C．turn【小题9】A．relaxed B．comfortable C．drunk【小题10】A．Simple B．Difficult C．Pleasant三、阅读单选17. There was a man named Raman. One day, he found he was travelling with a group of soldiers. They used to join in a war and soon they started talking a bout their experiences in the war. One old soldier told the time when he had killed seven enemy (敌人) soldiers. Another described how he acted bravely in a fight. He told the story in detail. When they finished, they looked proudly at Raman.“I don’t think you have an experience to tell,” said one of the old soldiers.“Oh, but I have,” said Raman.“You have?” asked the soldiers.“Yes,” said Raman. “One day while traveling, I met a big house and entered it. I found the biggest man I had ever seen. He was a man who was used to doin g bad things in a country! The people there were all afraid of him.”“What did you do?” asked the soldiers. They wanted to know more about it.“I cut off one of his feet and ran away quickly,” said Raman.“His foot?” said a soldier. “Why didn’t you cut off his head when you had the chance?”“But somebody had already done that,” said Raman.【小题1】What did the soldiers’ stories have in common (有共同点)?A．They were told in detail.B．They were about the same enemies.C．They were about killing seven enemies.D．They were about acting bravely in a fight.【小题2】How might the soldiers feel when they knew Raman had an experience to tell?A．Afraid.B．Sad.C．Surprised.D．Interested.【小题3】What did the soldier want Raman to cut off from the bad man?A．His foot.B．His hand.C．His head.D．His arm.【小题4】What did the soldiers think of Raman’s story?A．Boring.B．Interesting.C．Relaxing.D．Sad.【小题5】What can we know from the last sentence?A．Somebody had cut off the other foot of the bad man.B．Somebody was also unable to cut off the man’s head.C．The bad man was badly hurt by somebody before Raman.D．The bad man had been dead before Raman entered the house.18.Please help the Ruth Hayman Trust Who was Ruth Hayman?When she came to England, she started up English language classes for adults who had come to live in England. When Ruth died in 1981, some teachers sta rted a charity to remember her.Who does the Trust help?Adults who:●are over the age of 16●learn English as a foreign language●are now living in BritainIn 2016-2017, we helped hundreds of students from about 40 countries to study lessons such as medicine, English and computer.How does the Trust help?Most of the money we give is for lesson and exam fees (费). And we also give some money for books and tools such as knives and scissors.Where is the money from?We raise the money ourselves. Some people give us money because they support what we do. We also have many events such as concerts, sales of things an d food to raise money. We once helped Naima. She helped us raise money later. She talked about how the Trust had helped to change her life. But we don’t h ave enough money. To continue helping people like Naima, we need to raise more money.How can you help?Please help by organizing a money-raising event in your college or in your community. We will help you say “thank you”.【小题1】How did Ruth Hayman help others?A．By giving classes to adults.B．By starting a small charity.C．By organizing money-raising events.D．By helping the teachers in England.【小题2】The following four people are all living in Britain. Who may get help from the Ruth Hayman Trust?A．A ten-year-old boy who wants to learn English.B．A sixteen-year-old girl who wants to study in China.C．A seventeen-year-old boy whose first language is English.D．A nineteen-year-old poor girl who can only speak French.【小题3】Which is NOT the way to get money?A．Raising money by having some events.B．Getting money from some kind people.C．Asking for money from the people they have helped.D．Getting help from the people they have helped.【小题4】Which is TRUE according to the passage?A．The Ruth Hayman Trust was set up after Ruth Hayman died.B．The Ruth Hayman Trust only helps people from England.C．The Ruth Hayman Trust only helps with lesson and exam fees.D．The Ruth Hayman Trust gets most of its money from teachers.【小题5】Why did the writer write this passage?A．To introduce a famous person.B．To show why a charity is successful.C．To introduce how to get help in England.D．To encourage us to help a charity.19. Amy Cuddy thinks positive (积极的) body language includes things like proper eye contact, active listening, and gestures. Studies show that people who use positive body language are more likely to be accepted. However, most people don’t realize the importance of it. This passage may change their ideas. Positive body language changes your attitude (态度).Cuddy found that changing your body language to make it more positive improves your attitude because it makes a great difference to your body.Positive body language makes you be liked more easily.In a study, people watched soundless videos of doctors getting along with sick people. Just by studying the doctors’ body language, people were able to gues s which doctors were more popular. Body language plays a big role in how you’re treated (被对待) and can be more important than your voice. Learning to use positive body language will make people like you and trust you more.It improves your EQ (情商).Your ability to express your emotions and ideas is important to your EQ. People without positive body language have a bad effect on people around them. W orking to improve your body language has a great effect on your EQ. We often think of body language as the result of our attitude or how we feel. This is true, but scientists have also shown that the opposite is true.【小题1】What are the people like if they use positive body language?A．Interesting.B．Hard-working.C．Popular.D．Intelligent.【小题2】Why does developing positive body language improve one’s attitude?A．It has a great effect on one’s body.B．It decides how one is treated.C．It makes one more positive.D．It makes one have high EQ.【小题3】What is the purpose (目的) of the study?A．To further support the main idea.B．To show us the main idea.C．To introduce the topic.D．To give us a happy ending.【小题4】What does the underlined word “This” refer to?A．Your attitude doesn’t change your body language at all.B．Changing your attitude changes your body language.C．Your attitude has nothing to do with your body language.D．Your body language is not the result of your attitude.【小题5】Who was this passage written for?A．People who are good at using body language.B．People who don’t take body language seriously.C．People who want to be more intelligent than others.D．People who are interested in using body language.20. From supermarket bags to CDs, man-made waste has become a very serious problem. Recently, scientists may have found an unusual way to solve the p roblem. They say the waxworm (蜡虫), who eats beeswax as food, also appears to eat polyethylene, one of the strongest kinds of plastic.Scientists have described the tiny worm’s ability as “very exciting”. Federica is a beekeeper. She put the waxworms into a plastic shopping bag which beca me full of holes a few minutes later. Then Federica did many more experiments. When 100 waxworms were put into a normal plastic bag, the holes began to appear in just 10 minutes.According to the scientists, a kind of enzyme (酶) produced by the waxworm is the key. They also say that the waxworm turns the plastic into a different thi ng. It is used in making a material for cars. It is not clear if (是否) the waxworm can produce a large number of such things. Plastic is not a kind of natural f ood for the waxworm. “Wax is a kind of natural plastic. It is similar to polyethylene,” Federica said.Scientists say they still need to know how wax is digested (被消化) in the waxworm. Federica said they would use the result to find a way to make the plastic waste disappear. “But we should not throw plastic bags into the environment, just because we now know how to break them down,” she added.【小题1】What makes the waxworm special?A．Feeding on beeswax for a living.B．Leading to a serious problem.C．Being a kind of man-made insect.D．Helping break down a kind of plastic.【小题2】What do the numbers mentioned in Paragraph 2 mainly show?A．The waxworm dislikes being put into a shopping bag.B．The waxworm makes the holes in order to take a breath.C．The waxworm eats the plastic at an amazing high speed.D．The waxworm is practising making holes in a plastic bag.【小题3】What is the relationship (关系) between plastic and the waxworm?A．The waxworm likes to eat plastic because there is nothing else to eat.B．The waxworm likes eating plastic because the wax is a kind of natural plastic.C．People use special experiments to make the waxworm become interested in eating plastic.D．The plastic is a kind of natural food for the waxworm to eat.【小题4】What will the scientists study next?A．How they can make the plastic waste disappear.B．How wax is different from polyethylene.C．How wax is digested in the body of the waxworm.D．How they can ask people not to produce plastic waste.【小题5】Who may be interested in reading this passage?A．Insect lovers.B．Environment protectors.C．Shopping bag users.D．Animal keepers.四、语法填空21. 语法填空:用所给单词的适当形式填空，未提供单词的根据上下文填入适当的词。

广东省深圳市龙岗区2017-2018学年八年级下期末测试英语试题

一、单选题广东省深圳市龙岗区2017-2018学年八年级下期末测试英语试题广东初二期末2018-11-12532次1. — Do you have difficulty finishing that job alone?— Yes. I need some help.A．trouble B．energy C．time2. — Your pet requires your care and love. Don’t leave it alone.—OK. I’ll try to spend more time with it.A．describes B．needs C．shows3. — Could you tell me how to keep fit?— You should do exercise at least three times a week.A．happy B．healthy C．relaxed4. — What’s the first stage to make the model?—We need to get all the materials first.A．step B．thought C．score5. — We like making friends with our English teacher. He is a pleasant person.—Yes. He is often kind to others.A．useful B．friendly C．helpful6. — How much did the little girl weigh at birth?—About three kilograms.A．when she was bornB．when she diedC．when she grew up7. — There are fewer and fewer animals in the wild.—We should keep people from killing them or they will pay for their bad behavior.A．stop ... from B．borrow ... fromC．compare ... with8. — Trust yourself, Peter. As long as you work hard, I am sure you can make it.—Thanks, I will.A．succeed B．produce C．compare9. If someone is a ___________ to you, it means you don’t know or never meet him or her.A．teenager B．volunteer C．stranger10. If something is ___________, you can easily see it in most places.A．special B．common C．terrible11. — How did she feel when she ___________ the gift?—She was very surprised.A．received B．explained C．made12. — It warns us the ___________ of swimming here. We’d better go home now.—Let’s go to a safer place to swim then.A．tool B．danger C．attention13. — What’s the most important stage to make the salad?—Well, it is to ___________ the vegetables ___________ some sauce (酱).A．mix; with B．remind; aboutC．match; with14. — Why did you stay up last night? You look sleepy now.—I was busy ____________ next week’s exam.A．paying for B．looking forC．preparing for15. — Mr Right is a really kind person.—Yes. He always tries his best to help others ___________.A．in turn B．in all C．in need二、完型填空16. To me, music is food and water. Life without music would not be __. I know this is not true for everyone in the world. It is because a lot of people get al ong quite well without __ concerts or listening to records. But music plays a(n) __ part in everyone’s life, whether he or she realizes it or not. Try to __, for e xample, what films or TV plays would be like without music. Would the feelings and the moving stories be so exciting or dramatic (戏剧性的)? I’m not sure about that. Now, we have been speaking of music in its more common__— the kind of music we hear in the concert hall. But if we look at some parts of music more closely, we will__it in our daily life too — in the rhythm (节奏) of the sea, the melody (曲调) of a bird and so on. So music__has meaning to everyone, in some way or another. And, of course, it has special meaning to those who have spent all their__playing or writing music. Through music a chi ld enters into a__of beauty, expresses himself from his heart, feels the joy of doing things alone, learns to take care of others, develops his mind and makes his body__. So, enjoy your favorite music in your free time. You will find something special in it.【小题1】A．difficult B．exciting C．sad【小题2】A．going out B．caring for C．going to【小题3】A．important B．wise C．strange【小题4】A．explain B．imagine C．expect【小题5】A．difference B．experience C．meaning【小题6】A．find B．satisfy C．wonder【小题7】A．mostly B．quickly C．certainly【小题8】A．days B．nights C．lives【小题9】A．world.B．classroom C．house【小题10】A．terrible B．strong C．heavy三、阅读单选17. There was a new restaurant in the street. The restaurant said it had the longest menu in the world. The manager also said that the restaurant could provide any dish, no matter how unusual it was. If they couldn’t offer it, people could choose any prize from the restaurant. A man was happy to hear it and walked i nto the restaurant.The man studied the menu carefully and decided to make sure if (是否) it was true. He would like to order a very unusual dish.When a waiter came up to take his order, the man said, “You say you can provide any dish. Really?”“Of course, sir. We never disappoint our customers (顾客).”“Well,” the man said, “I want to have a sandwich with apples from a giant’s house.”The waiter wrote down the man’s order. “Very good, sir,” he said. “That shouldn’t take long.” The waiter walked away quickly. A few minutes later, the man became happy again as he saw the waiter return with nothing in his hand.“You disappoint me this time, don’t you?”The waiter made an apology. “I’m so sorry, sir. We have fewer waiters today,” he said, “so I’m afraid you need to join us to take your food out of the kitche n.”【小题1】Why did the man walk into the restaurant?A．Because the man was very hungry.B．Because the manager was friendly.C．Because he wanted to challenge the restaurant.D．Because the dishes were free in the restaurant.18.My birthday is on April 29th . This year, I had a birt hday party at home and invited all my friends. We put a big table with chairs around it in the living ro om. On the table there was a big cake. There were t welve candles on it. Everyone had a piece of cake.Then I got my gifts. I got a T-shirt from my sister.My father and mother gave me a pair of Billy sport s shoes. My friends gave me a basketball and some books.I love my birthday. It’s on February 18th . This year,my mother and I made a big cake. That was fun. M y friends came to my house and they brought me lo ts of gifts. Then we played games and ate the cake.As usual, my parents gave me some great books forD ．The waiter said sorry to the man for not offering the dish in the end.C ．It didn’t take so long for the man to have the dish.B ．The waiter took the man’s order quickly.A ．The man ordered an unusual dish in the restaurant.【小题5】What can we NOT know from the passage?D ．Because the restaurant offered the dish too late.C ．Because the customer had to help take the food.B ．Because the restaurant offered the wrong dish.A ．Because the restaurant couldn’t offer the dish.【小题4】Why did the waiter make an apology?C ．Relaxed.D ．Normal.A ．Unhappy.B ．Angry.【小题3】How might the man feel when the waiter took his order and walked away?D ．Drive ... away.C ．Keep ... off.B ．Make ... feel pleased.A ．Make ... feel unsatisfied.【小题2】What does the underlined word “disappoint” mean?My birthday is on July 1st. This year I went to a park with my friends on my birthday. We played football from 9 a.m. to 11 a.m. The air was fresh and birds were chirping (喳喳) in the trees. Our football game was exciting. Lots of people came to watch usplay. Everything was just perfect! At noon, we hada barbecue (烧烤), and everyone enjoyed it.【小题1】How old will Billy be next year?A．11.B．12.C．13.D．21.【小题2】What happened on May’s birthday?A．She made a delicious cake by herself.B．Her friends gave her some great books as gifts.C．Her father took them to a park to play.D．She did some voluntary work with her friends.【小题3】Who ate something different on his or her birthday?A．Billy.B．May.C．Dale.D．David.【小题4】What does the underlined word “it” refer to?A．The football.B．The barbecue.C．The birthday.D．Playing with friends.【小题5】What do the three kids have in common?A．Their birthdays are in the same month.B．They all enjoyed some outdoor activities.C．They all played sports with some people.D．They all spent their birthdays with their friends.wspapers to them. They were very happy.iends and me to an old people’s home. We read nemy birthday. In the afternoon, my father took my fr19. Dogs are known for their sense of smell. They can find missing people and things. Now a study shows that the animal can even find bladder cancer (膀胱癌).Cancer cells can produce chemicals with unusual smells. Scientists think dogs have the ability to smell these smells, even in very small amounts, in urine (尿).For example, a dog showed great interest in the growth of its owner’s legs. The man was later found to have skin cancer. Carolyn Willis and some scientists trained different kinds of dogs for the experiment. The study used urine collected from bladder cancer patients (病人), from people with other diseases and f rom healthy people. Each dog was tested 8 times. In each test there were 7 examples for the dog to smell. The dog should show the one from a bladder cance r patient by lying down next to it.Their results later appeared on the British Medical Journal. In all, 36 bladder cancer patients and 108 other people attended. During the training, all the dogs even found cancer in a person who had been tested healthy before the study. Carolyn Willis said dogs could help scientists find the chemicals produced by bl adder cancer. The information could then be used to develop machines to test for the chemicals. The team also plans to use dogs to help find other kinds of c ancer.【小题1】How many kinds of urine were collected in the experiment?A．One.B．Two.C．Three.D．Four.【小题2】Why did the writer give the detailed experiment in the third paragraph?A．To introduce the first paragraph.B．To support the second paragraph.C．To teach us to do some experiments.D．To let us know the reason of the experiment.【小题3】What would the dog do when it found the right urine?A．It would lie down next to its owner’s feet.B．It would take the urine to the scientists.C．It would lie down next to the urine.D．It would make some noises.【小题4】What’s the main idea of the passage?A．Dogs have a good sense of smell.B．Dogs can help people become healthy.C．Dogs can be used in experiments.D．Dogs can smell cancer.【小题5】Who may be most interested in reading the passage?A．Dog owners.B．Doctors.C．Pet lovers.D．Singers.20.In 1997, a spaceship called Cassini was sent to explore Saturn (土星) and its moons. Now Cassini’s mission (使命) has come to an end. Scientists made it fa ll and bum up in 2017. But before that happened, the spaceship had made many trips between Saturn and its rings, sending photos and other information bac k to the Earth.Cassini was a project carried out by NASA, the European Space Agency and the Italian Space Agency. It took Cassini about seven years to reach Saturn. Scientists have learned many exciting things from Cassini. In 2005, Cassini sent a space probe (探测器) to Saturn’s largest moon, Titan, so scientists could g et a closer look at the moon’s surface. One of the most important discoveries Cassini made was that there is warm liquid water (液态水) under the ice that c overs one of Saturn’s smaller moons, Enceladus. Scientists believe conditions on Enceladus could be similar to the conditions that led to the development of life on Earth.Cassini’s mission was supposed to be ended in 2008, but because it was still in good shape, scientists increased its life to 2017. Cassini performed the last ta sk of its mission on September 15, 2017.When Cassini ran out of its fuel (燃料) and entered Saturn’s atmosphere (大气层), it burned up. Scientists said it was necessary for Cassini to be totally dest royed (毁坏) so there was no chance that microbes (微生物) from the Earth could be harmful to any possible life on Saturn.【小题1】What made scientists think that there might be life on Enceladus?A．Animals’ waste was found.B．They heard strange sounds.C．Some ice was seen to cover it.D．There is warm liquid water on it.【小题2】What might happen if Cassini wasn’t totally destroyed?A．It might destroy Saturn’s surface.B．It will fall onto the Earth.C．The microbes from the Earth might be bad for Saturn’s possible life.D．It will continue to send back information.【小题3】Which of the following things about Cassini is NOT mentioned?A．Its findings.B．Its lasting time.C．Its burning.D．Its later use.【小题4】What can be inferred from the passage?A．Cassini was a very successful and useful spaceship.B．Cassini has stayed in Saturn for ten years.C．The project of exploring Saturn was carried out by America alone.D．Enceladus is the biggest moon of Saturn.【小题5】What is the passage mainly about?A．The process (过程) of sending Cassini to Saturn.四、语法填空五、材料作文21. Claire is a 27-year-old Chinese girl. She is a teacher in a junior high school. She enjoys 【小题1】 (take) trips and has many interesting experiences. Sh e thinks they are special 【小题2】 (memory).Last month, Claire took a trip to Italy 【小题3】 her family. This was her first time 【小题4】 (go) traveling abroad. Before starting their journey, Claire se arched on the Internet for a lot of information. After 【小题5】 long flight, they got to Rome on the morning of July 3. She and her family visited beautiful cities like Rome 【小题6】 Milan. They are both modem cities with a long history. Venice 【小题7】 (like) best by Claire among all the places. In her min d, Venice is 【小题8】 (wonderful) place that she has ever visited. There, they visited the famous St Mark’s Basilica and its special 【小题9】 (beautiful) i mpressed them. They also took a lot of beautiful photos with their camera.On the afternoon of July 18, they got on the plane and flew back to China. 【小题10】 she got home, she was tired out. Even so, she still hopes that she can go to Italy again in the future.22. 书面表达假如你是Jack ，你所在的学校有许多学生是志愿者，你也是其中的一员。

广东省深圳市龙岗区2017-2018学年八年级下期末测试英语试题

广东省深圳市龙岗区2017-2018学年八年级下期末测试英语试题一、单选题(★★★) 1 . — Do you have difficulty finishing that job alone?— Yes. I need some help.A. troubleB. energyC. time(★★★) 2 . — Your pet requires your care arid love. Don’t leave it alone.—OK. I’ll try to spend more time with it.A. describesB. needsC. shows(★★★) 3 . — Could you tell me how to keep fit?— You should do exercise at least three times a week.A. happyB. healthyC. relaxed(★★★) 4 . —What’s the first stage to make the model?—We need to get all the materials first.A. stepB. thoughtC. score(★★★) 5 . — We like making friends with our English teacher. He is a pleasant person. —Yes. He is often kind to others.A. usefulB. friendlyC. helpful(★★★) 6 . — How much did the little girl weigh at birth?—About three kilograms.A. when she was bornB. when she diedC. when she grew up(★★★) 7 . — There are fewer and fewer animals in the wild.—We should keep people from killing them or they will pay for their bad behavior.A. stop ... fromB. borrow ... fromC. compare ... with(★★★) 8 . — Trust yourself, Peter. As long as you work hard, l am sure you can make it. —Thanks, I will.A. succeedB. produceC. compare(★★★)9 . If someone is a ___________ to you, it means you don’t know or never meet him or her.A. teenagerB. volunteerC. stranger(★★★) 10 . If something is ___________, you can easily see it in most places.A. specialB. commonC. terrible(★★★) 11 . — How did she feel when she ___________ the gift?—She was very surprised.A. receivedB. explainedC. made(★★★) 12 . —It warns us the ___________ of swimming here. We’d better go home now. —Let’s go to a safer place to swim then.A. toolB. dangerC. attention(★★★) 13 . —What’s the most important stage to make the salad?—Well, it is to ___________ the vegetables ___________ some sauce (酱).A. mix; withB. remind; aboutC. match; with(★★★) 14 . — Why did you stay up last night? You look sleepy now.—I was busy ____________ next week’s exam.A. paying forB. looking forC. preparing for(★★★) 15 . — Mr Right is a really kind person.—Yes. He always tries his best to help others ___________.A. in turnB. in allC. in need二、完型填空(★★★★★) To me, music is food and water. Life without music would not be __. I know this is not true for everyone in the world. It is because a lot of people get along quite well without __ concerts or listening to records. But music plays a(n) __ par t in everyone’s life, whether he or she realizes it or not. Try to __, for example, what films or TV plays would be like without music. Would the feelings and the moving stories be so exciting or dramatic (戏剧性的)? I’m not sure about that. Now, we have been speaking of music in its more common __ — the kind of music we hear in the concert hall. But if we look at some parts of music more closely, we will __ it in our daily life too — in the rhythm (节奏) of the sea, the melody (曲调) of a bird and so on. So music __ has meaning to everyone, in some way or another. And, of course, it has special meaning to those who have spent all their __ playing or writing music. Through music a child enters into a __ of beauty, expresses himself from his heart, feels the joy of doing things alone, learns to take care of others, develops his mind and makes his body __. So, enjoy your favorite music in your free time. You will find something special in it.16 . A. difficult B. exciting C. sad17 . A. going out B. caring for C. going to18 . A. important B. wise C. strange19 . A. explain B. imagine C. expect20 . A. difference B. experience C. meaning21 . A. find B. satisfy C. wonder22 . A. mostly B. quickly C. certainly23 . A. days B. nights C. lives24 . A. world. B. classroom C. house25 . A. terrible B. strong C. heavy三、阅读单选(★★★) There was a new restaurant in the street. The restaurant said it had the longest menu in the world. The manager also said that the restaurant could provide any dish, no matter how unusu al it was. If they couldn’t offer it, people could choose any prize from the restaurant. A man was happy to hear it and walked into the restaurant.The man studied the menu carefully and decided to make sure if (是否) it was true. He would like to order a very unusual dish.When a waiter came up to take his order, the man said, “You say you can provide any dish. Really?”“Of course, sir. We never disappoint our customers (顾客).”“Well,” the man said, “I want to have a sandwich with apples from a giant’s house.”The waiter wrote down the man’s order. “Very good, sir,” he said. “That shouldn’t take long.” The waiter walked away quickly. A few minutes later, the man became happy again as he saw the waiter return with nothing in his hand.“You disappoint me this time, don’t you?”The waiter made an apology. “I’m so sorry, sir. We have fewer waiters today,” he said, “so I’m afraid you need to join us to take your food out of the kitchen.”26 . Why did the man walk into the restaurant? 27 . What does the underlined word “disappoint” mean? 28 . How might the man feel when the waiter took his order and walked away? 29 . Why did the waiter make an apology? 30 . What can we NOT know from the passage?A．Because the man was very hungry.B．Because the manager was friendly.C．Because he wanted to challenge the restaurant.D．Because the dishes were free in the restaurant.A．Make ... feel unsatisfied.B．Make ... feel pleased.C．Keep ... off.D．Drive ... away.A．Unhappy.B．Angry.C．Relaxed.D．Normal.A．Because the restaurant couldn’t offer the dish.B．Because the restaurant offered the wrong dish.C．Because the customer had to help take the food.D．Because the restaurant offered the dish too late.A．The man ordered an unusual dish in the restaurant.B．The waiter took the man’s order quickly.C．It didn’t take so long for the man to have the dish.D．The waiter said sorry to the man for not offering the dishin the end.(★★★)31 . How old will Billy be next year? 32 . What happened on May’s birthday? 33 . Who ate something different on his or her birthday? 34 . What does the underlined word “it” refer to? 35 . What do the three kids have in common?29th. This year, I had abirthday party at homeand invited all myfriends. We put a bigtable with chairs aroundit in the living room. Onthe table there was abig cake. There weretwelve candles on it.Everyone had a piece ofcake. Then I got mygifts. I got a T-shirtfrom my sister. Myfather and mother gaveme a pair of Billy sportsshoes. My friends gaveme a basketball andsome books.I love my birthday. It’s on February 18th . This year, my mother and I made a big cake. That was fun. My friends came to my house and they brought me lots of gifts. Then we played games and ate the cake. As usual, my parents gave me some great books for my birthday. In theafternoon, my father took my friends and me to an old people’s home. We readnewspapers to them. They were very happy.My birthday is on July 1st . This year I went to a park with my friends on my birthday. We played football from 9 a.m. to 11 a.m. The air was fresh and birds were chirping (喳喳) in the trees. Our footballgame was exciting. Lots of people came to watch us play.Everything was just perfect! At noon, we had a barbecue (烧烤), and everyone enjoyed it.A ．11.B ．12.C ．13.D ．21.A ．She made a delicious cake by herself.B ．Her friends gave her some great books as gifts.C ．Her father took them to a park to play.D ．She did some voluntary work with herfriends.A．Billy.B．May.C．Dale.D．David. A．The football.B．The barbecue.C．The birthday.D．Playing with friends.A．Their birthdays are in the same month.B．They all enjoyed some outdooractivities.C．They all played sports with somepeople.D．They all spent their birthdays with theirfriends.(★★★) Dogs are known for their sense of smell. They can find missing people and things. Now a study shows that the animal can even find bladder cancer (膀胱癌).Cancer cells can produce chemicals with unusual smells. Scientists think dogs have the ability to smell these smells, even in very small amounts, in urine (尿).For example, a dog showed great interest in th e growth of its owner’s legs. The man was later found to have skin cancer. Carolyn Willis and some scientists trained different kinds of dogs for the experiment. The study used urine collected from bladder cancer patients (病人), from people with other diseases and from healthy people. Each dog was tested 8 times. In each test there were 7 examples for the dog to smell. The dog should show the one from a bladder cancer patient by lying down next to it.Their results later appeared on the British Medical Journal. In all, 36 bladder cancer patients and 108 other people attended. During the training, all the dogs even found cancer in a person who had been tested healthy before the study. Carolyn Willis said dogs could help scientists find the chemicals produced by bladder cancer. The information could then be used to develop machines to test for the chemicals. The team also plans to use dogs to help find other kinds of cancer.36 . How many kinds of urine were collected in the experiment? 37 . Why did the writer give the detailed experiment in the third paragraph? 38 . What would the dog do when it found the right urine? 39 . What’s the main idea of the passage? 40 . Who may be most interested in reading the passage?A．One.B．Two.C．Three.D．Four. A．To introduce the first paragraph.B．To support the second paragraph.C．To teach us to do some experiments.D．To let us know the reason of theexperiment.A．It would lie down next to its owner’sfeet.B．It would take the urine to thescientists.C．It would lie down next to the urine.D．It would make some noises.A．Dogs have a good sense of smell.B．Dogs can help people becomehealthy.C．Dogs can be used in experiments.D．Dogs can smell cancer.A．Dog owners.B．Doctors.C．Pet lovers.D．Singers.(★★★)In 1997, a spaceship called Cassini was sent to explore Saturn (土星) and its moons. Now Cassini’s mission (使命) has come to an end. Scientists made it fall and bum up in 2017. But before that happened, the spaceship had made many trips between Saturn and its rings, sending photos and other information back to the Earth.Cassini was a project carried out by NASA, the European Space Agency and the Italian Space Agency. It took Cassini about seven years to reach Saturn.Scientists have learned many exciting things from Cassini. In 2005, Cassini sent a space probe (探测器) to Saturn’s largest moon, Titan, so scientists could get a closer look at the moon’s surface. One of the most important discoveries Cassini made was that there is warm liquid water (液态水) under the ice that covers one of Saturn’s smaller moons, Enceladus. Scientists believe conditions on Enceladus could be similar to the conditions that led to the development of life on Earth. Cassini’s mission was supposed to be ended in 2008, but because it was still in good shape,scientists increased its life to 2017. Cassini performed the last task of its mission on September 15, 2017.When Cassini ran out of its fuel (燃料) and entered Saturn’s atmosphere (大气层), it burned up. Scientists said it was necessary for Cassini to be totally destroyed (毁坏) so there was no chance that microbes (微生物) from the Earth could be harmful to any possible life on Saturn.41 . What made scientists think that there might be life on Enceladus? 42 . What might happen if Cassini wasn’t totally destroyed? 43 . Which of the following things about Cassini is NOT mentioned? 44 . What can be inferred from the passage? 45 . What is the passage mainly about?A．Animals’ waste was found.B．They heard strange sounds.C．Some ice was seen to cover it.D．There is warm liquid water on it.A．It might destroy Saturn’s surface.B．It will fall onto the Earth.C．The microbes from the Earth might be bad for Saturn’spossible life.D．It will continue to send back information.A．Its findings.B．Its lasting time.C．Its burning.D．Its later use.A．Cassini was a very successful and useful spaceship.B．Cassini has stayed in Saturn for ten years.C．The project of exploring Saturn was carried out by Americaalone.D．Enceladus is the biggest moon of Saturn.A．The process (过程) of sending Cassini to Saturn.B．The moons and rings of Saturn.C．The end of Cassini’s mission.D．The life on Saturn.四、语法填空(★★★) Claire is a 27-year-old Chinese girl. She is a teacher in a junior high school. She enjoys 46 . (take) trips and has many interesting experiences. She thinks they are special 47 . (memory). Last month, Claire took a trip to Italy 48 . her family. This was her first time 49 . (go) traveling abroad. Before starting their journey, Claire searched on the Internet for a lot of information. After 50 . long flight, they got to Rome on the morning of July 3. She and her family visited beautiful cities like Rome 51 . Milan. They are both modem cities with a long history. Venice 52 . (like) best by Claire among all the places. In her mind, Venice is 53 . (wonderful) place that she has ever visited. There, they visited the famous St Mark’s Basilica and its sp ecial 54 . (beautiful) impressed them. They also took a lot of beautiful photos with their camera.On the afternoon of July 18, they got on the plane and flew back to China. 55 . she got home, she was tired out. Even so, she still hopes that she can go to Italy again in the future.五、材料作文(★★★★) 56 . 书面表达假如你是Jack，你所在的学校有许多学生是志愿者，你也是其中的一员。

广东省深圳市龙岗区2017-2018学年八年级下期末测试英语试题

广东省深圳市龙岗区2017-2018学年八年级下期末测试英语试题广东省深圳市龙岗区2017-2018学年八年级下期末测试英语试题一、单选题(★★★)1 .—Do you have difficulty finishing that job alone?—Yes. I need some help.A. troubleB. XXX(★★★)2 .—Your pet requiresyour care arid love. Don’t leave it alone.—OK. I’ll try to spend more time with it.A. describesB. XXX(★★★)3 .—Could you tell me how to keep fit?—You should do XXX.A. XXX(★★★)4 .—What’s the firststage to make the model?—We need to get all the materials first.A. XXX(★★★)5 .—We like making friends with our English teacher. He is a pleasant person.—Yes. He is often kind to others.A. XXX(★★★)6 .—How much did the little XXX?—About three kilograms.A. when she was bornB. when she diedC. when she grew up(★★★)7 .—XXX.—We should keep people from killing them or they will pay for their bad behavior.A. stop ... from B. borrow ... fromC. compare ... with(★★★)8 .—Trust yourself, Peter. As long as you work hard, l am sure you can make it.—Thanks, I will.A. XXX(★★★)9 . If someone is a ___________ to you, it means you don’t know or never meet him orher.A. XXX(★★★)10 . If something is ___________, you can easily see it in most places.A. specialB. commonC. terrible(★★★)11 .—How did she feel when she ___________ the gift?—She was very surprised.A. XXX(★★★)12 .—It warns us the ___________ of swimming here. We’d better go home now.—Let’s go to a safer place to swim then.A. XXX(★★★)13 .—What’s the most important stage to make the salad?—Well, it is to ___________ the vegetables ___________ some sauce (酱).A. mix; withB. remind; aboutC. match; with(★★★)14 .—Why did you stay up last night? You look sleepy now.—I was busy ____________ next week’s exam.A. paying forB. looking forC. preparing for(★★★)15 .—Mr Right is a really kind person.—Yes. He always tries his best to help others ___________.A. in turnB. in allC. in need二、完型填空(★★★★★)To me, music is food and water. Life without music would not be __. I know this isnot true for everyone in the world. It is because a lot of people get along quite well without __XXX music plays a(n) __ part in everyone’s life, whether he or sherealizes it or not. Try to __, for example, what films or TV plays would be like without music.Would the feelings and the XXX dramatic (戏剧性的)? I’m not sureabout that. No w, we have been speaking of music in its more common __—the kind of XXX. But if we look at some parts of music more closely, we will __ it in ourdaily life too—in the rhythm (节奏) of the sea, the melody (曲调) of a bird and so on. So music__ has meaning to everyone, in some way or another. And, of course, it has special meaning tothose who have spent all their __ playing or writing music. Through music a child enters into a __of beauty, expresses himself from his heart, feels the joy of doing things alone, learns to takecare of others, develops his mind and makes his body __. So,enjoy your favorite music in yourfree time. You will find something special in it.16 . A. XXX17 . A. going out B. caring for C. going to18 . A. XXX19 . A. explain B. XXX20 . A. XXX21 . A. find B. satisfy C. wonderXXX23 . A. days B. nights C. lives24 . A. world. B. classroom C. house25 . A. terrible B. strong C. heavy3、浏览单项选择(★★★)There XXX. XXX said it had the XXX the world. The manager also said that the restaurant could provide any dish, XXX it was. If they couldn’t offer it, people could choose any prize from the restaurant. Aman was happy to hear it and walked into the restaurant.The man XXX make sure if (是否) it was true. He would liketo order a very XXX.XXX up to tak e his order, the man said, “You say you can XXX?”“Of course, XXX (主顾).”“Well,” the man said, “I want to have a XXX.”XXX down the man’s order. “Very good, sir,” he said. “That XXX. A few minutes later, the man became XXX return with nothing in his hand.“You disappoint me this time, don’t you?”XXX“I’m so sorry, sir. We have fewer waiters today,” he said, “so I’mafraid you need to join us to take your food out of the kitchen.”26 . Why did the man walk into the restaurant? 27 .What does the underlined word “disappoint”mean? 28 . How might the man feel when the waiter took his order and walked away? 29 . Whydid the waiter make an apology? 30 . What can we NOT know from the passage?A．Because the man was very hungry.B．Because the manager was friendly.C．Because XXX.D．Because the dishes were free in the restaurant.A．Make ... feel unsatisfied.B．Make ... feel pleased.C．Keep ... off.D．Drive ... away.A．XXX.XXX.A．Because XXX XXX.B．Because the XXX.C．Because the customer had to help take the food.D．Because the XXX.A．XXX XXX.B．XXX.C．It didn’t take so long for the man to have the dish.D．The waiter said sorry to the man for not offering the dish in the end.(★★★)31 . How old will Billy be next year? 32 . What XXX? 33 . Who atesomething different on his or her birthday? 34 . What doesthe underlined word “it” refer to? 35 .What do the three kids have in common?XXX29th. This year, I had abirthday party at homeand invited all myfriends. We put a bigtable with chairs aroundit in the living room. Onthe table there was abig XXX wereXXX it.Everyone had a piece ofXXX I got mygifts. I got a T-shirtfrom my sister. MyXXXme a pair of Billy sportsXXXme a basketball andsome books.XXX It’son February 18th. This year, XXX IXXXwas fun. My friends XXX andXXX ofgifts. Then we played games and ate the XXX, myparents gave me some great books for my XXXXXX, my XXXtook my friends and me to an old people’s home. We read XXX.They were very happy.XXX1st. This year I went to aXXXXXXXXX from 9 a.m. to11 a.m. The air wasXXXchirping (喳喳) in theXXXgame XXXof people came towatch us play.XXX was justperfect! XXX, wehad a barbecue (烧烤),and XXXit.A．11.B．12.C．13.A．XXX.B．Her friends gave her some great booksas gifts.XXX them to a park to play.D．She did some voluntary work with herD．21.friends.A．XXX.B．XXX barbecue.C．XXX.D．Playing with friends.A．XXX are in the same month.B．XXXactivities.C．They all played sports with somepeople.D．XXXfriends.(★★★)Dogs are known for their sense of smell. They can find missing people and things.Now a study shows that the animal can even find bladder cancer (膀胱癌).Cancer cells XXX smells, even in very small amounts, in urine (尿).For example, a dog showed great interest in the growth of its owner’s legs. T he man was XXX (病人), XXX people. Each dog was tested 8 times. In each test therewere 7 examples for the dog to smell. The dog should show the one from a XXX it.XXX on the British Medical Journal. In all, 36 bladder cancer patients and108 XXX the training, all the dogs even found XXX. The information could then be used to XXX to test for the chemicals. The team also plans to use dogs to help find other kinds ofcancer.36 . How many kinds of XXX? 37 . Why did the XXX paragraph? 38 . What would the dog do when it found the righturine? 39 . What’s the main idea of the passage? 40 . Who may be most XXX?A．XXX.B．To support the second paragraph.XXX us to do some experiments.D．To let us know the reason of theXXX.A．It would lie down next to its owner’sXXX.B．It would take the urine to thescientists.C．It would lie down next to the urine.D．It would make some noises.A．Dogs have a good sense of smell.B．Dogs can help people becomeXXX.C．Dogs XXX.D．Dogs XXX.A．XXX.C．XXX.(★★★)D．Singers.In 1997, XXX (土星) and XXX (使命) has come to an end. Scientists made it fall and bum up in 2017. Butbefore that happened, the spaceship had made many trips between Saturn and its rings, sendingphotos and other information back to the Earth.Cassini was a project carried out by NASA, the European Space Agency and the XXX.XXX 2005, Cassini sent a space probe (探测器) to Saturn’s largest moon, Titan, so scientists could get a closer look at the moon’s surface.One of the most important discoveries Cassini made was that there is warm liquid water (液态水)under the ice that covers one of Saturn’s smaller moons, XXX could be similar to the conditions that led to the development of life on Earth.XXX in 2008, but because it was still in good shape,scientists increased its life to 2017. Cassini performed the last task of its mission on September15, 2017.When Cassini ran out of its fuel (燃料) and XXX (大气层), it burned up.Scientists said it was XXX (损坏) so there was no chancethat microbes (微生物) from the Earth could be harmful to any possible life on Saturn.41 . What made scientists think that there might be life on Enceladus? 42 . What might XXX? 43 . Which of the following things about Cassini is NOTmentioned?44 . What can be inferred from the passage? 45 . What is the passage mainly about?A．Ani mals’ waste was found.B．They heard strange sounds.C．Some ice was seen to cover it.D．There XXX it.A．It XXX.B．It will fall onto the Earth.C．The microbes from the Earth might be bad for Saturn’spossible life.D．It will continue to send back information.A．Its findings.C．Its XXX.A．Cassini XXX.B．Cassini has XXX.C．The project of exploring Saturn was carried out by Americaalone.D．XXX.A．The process (过程) of sending Cassini to Saturn.B．XXX.C．The end of XXX.D．XXX XXX.4、语法填空B．Its lasting time.D．Its later use.(★★★)Claire is a 27-year-old Chinese girl. She is a teacher in a junior high school. She enjoys46 . (take) trips and has many XXX they are special 47 . (memory).Last month, Claire took a trip to Italy 48 . her family. This was her first time 49 . (go) travelingabroad. Before starting their journey, Claire searched on the Internet for a lot of information.After 50 . long flight, they got to Rome on the morning of July 3. She and her family visitedbeautiful cities like Rome 51 . Milan. They are both modem cities with a long history. Venice 52 .(like) best by Claire among all the places. In her mind, Venice is 53 . (wonderful) place that shehas ever visited. There, they visited the famous St XXX’s Basilica and its special 54 . (beautiful)impressed them. They also took a lot of beautiful photos with their camera.On the afternoon of July 18, they got on the plane and flew back to China. 55 . she got home,she was tired out. Even so, she still hopes that she can go to Italy again in the future.五、材料作文(★★★★)56 .书面表达假如你是XXX，你所在的学校有许多学生是志愿者，你也是其中的一员。

2017-2018学年广东省深圳市龙岗区八年级(下)期末数学试卷

2017-2018学年广东省深圳市龙岗区八年级（下）期末数学试卷一、选择题（共12小题，每小题3分，共36分．每小题给出4个选项，其中只有一个选项是正确的，请将正确的选项填在答题卡上）1．（3分）不等式2x﹣1＜1的解集在数轴上表示正确的是（）A．B．C．D．2．（3分）下列图标中，是中心对称图形的是（）A．B．C．D．3．（3分）若分式有意义，则x的取值范围是（）A．x≠1B．x≠﹣1C．x=1D．x=﹣14．（3分）已知实数a，b，若a＞b，则下列结论错误的是（）A．a﹣7＞b﹣7B．6+a＞b+6C．D．﹣3a＞﹣3b 5．（3分）下列式子变形是因式分解的是（）A．x2﹣2x﹣3=x（x﹣2）﹣3B．x2﹣2x﹣3=（x﹣1）2﹣4C．（x+1）（x﹣3）=x2﹣2x﹣3D．x2﹣2x﹣3=（x+1）（x﹣3）6．（3分）如果把分式中的x和y都扩大2倍，则分式的值（）A．扩大4倍B．扩大2倍C．不变D．缩小2倍7．（3分）如图，点P是正方形ABCD内一点，将△ABP绕着B沿顺时针方向旋转到与△CBP′重合，若PB=3，则PP′的长为（）A．2B．3C．3D．无法确定8．（3分）如果点P（x﹣4，x+3）在平面直角坐标系的第二象限内，那么x的取值范围在数轴上可表示为（）A．B．C．D．9．（3分）如图，兔子的三个洞口A、B、C构成△ABC，猎狗想捕捉兔子，必须到三个洞口的距离都相等，则猎狗应蹲守在（）A．三条边的垂直平分线的交点B．三个角的角平分线的交点C．三角形三条高的交点D．三角形三条中线的交点10．（3分）小强是一位密码编译爱好者，在他的密码手册中，有这样一条信息：a﹣b，x﹣y，x+y，a+b，x2﹣y2，a2﹣b2分别对应下列六个字：华、爱、我、中、游、美，现将（x2﹣y2）a2﹣（x2﹣y2）b2因式分解，结果呈现的密码信息可能是（）A．我爱美B．中华游C．爱我中华D．美我中华11．（3分）如图，在▱ABCD中，AB=8，BC=5，以点A为圆心，以任意长为半径作弧，分别交AD、AB于点P、Q，再分别以P、Q为圆心，以大于PQ的长为半径作弧，两弧在∠DAB内交于点M，连接AM并延长交CD于点E，则CE的长为（）A．3B．5C．2D．6.512．（3分）下面说法中正确的个数有（）①等腰三角形的高与中线重合②一组对边平行，另一组对边相等的四边形是平行四边形③顺次连接任意四边形的中点组成的新四边形为平行四边形④七边形的内角和为900°，外角和为360°⑤如果方程+=会产生增根，那么k的值是4A．1个B．2个C．3个D．4个二、填空题（共4题，每小题3分，共12分）13．（3分）若分式的值为零，则x的值为．14．（3分）如图，函数y1=﹣2x和y2=ax+3的图象相交于点A（﹣1，2），则关于x的不等式﹣2x＞ax+3的解集是15．（3分）如图，▱ABCD的对角线AC，BD相交于点O，点E是CD的中点，△ABD的周长为16cm，则△DOE的周长是cm．16．（3分）如图：在△ABC中，∠C=90°，AD是∠BAC的平分线，DE⊥AB于E，F在AC上，BD=DF，BC=8，AB=10，则△FCD的面积为三、解答题（17题8分，18题6分，19题6分，20题6分，21题8分，22题8分，23题10分）17．（8分）因式分解：（1）2x3﹣8x；（2）（x+y）2﹣14（x+y）+4918．（6分）解不等式组，并将解集在数轴上表示出来．19．（6分）先化简，再求值：（a+）÷，其中a=2．20．（6分）如图，在平面直角坐标系中，已知△ABC的三个顶点的坐标分别为A （﹣1，1），B（﹣3，1），C（﹣1，4）．（1）画出△ABC关于y轴对称的△A1B1C1；（2）将△ABC绕着点B顺时针旋转90°后得到△A2BC2，请在图中画出△A2BC2．21．（8分）如图，等边△ABC的边长是2，D、E分别为AB、AC的中点，过点E作EF∥CD交BC的延长线于点F，连接CD．（1）求证：DE=CF；（2）求EF的长．22．（8分）某文具店用1050元购进第一批某种钢笔，很快卖完，又用1440元购进第二批该种钢笔，但第二批每支钢笔的进价是第一批进价的1.2倍，数量比第一批多了10支．（1）求第一批每支钢笔的进价是多少元？（2）第二批钢笔按24元/支的价格销售，销售一定数量后，根据市场情况，商店决定对剩余的钢笔全按8折一次性打折销售，但要求第二批钢笔的利润率不低于20%，问至少销售多少支后开始打折？23．（10分）如图1，OA=2，OB=4，以A点为顶点、AB为腰在第三象限作等腰Rt△ABC．（1）求C点的坐标；（2）如图1，在平面内是否存在一点H，使得以A、C、B、H为顶点的四边形为平行四边形？若存在，请直接写出H点坐标；若不存在，请说明理由；（3）如图1点M（1，﹣1）是第四象限内的一点，在y轴上是否存在一点F，使得|FM﹣FC|的绝对值最大？若存在，请求出F点坐标；若不存在，请说明理由2017-2018学年广东省深圳市龙岗区八年级（下）期末数学试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题（共12小题，每小题3分，共36分．每小题给出4个选项，其中只有一个选项是正确的，请将正确的选项填在答题卡上）1．（3分）不等式2x﹣1＜1的解集在数轴上表示正确的是（）A．B．C．D．【分析】不等式移项合并，把x系数化为1，求出解集，表示在数轴上即可．【解答】解：不等式移项合并得：2x＜2，解得：x＜1，表示在数轴上，如图所示：故选：C．【点评】此题考查了解一元一次不等式，熟练掌握运算法则是解本题的关键．2．（3分）下列图标中，是中心对称图形的是（）A．B．C．D．【分析】根据中心对称图形的概念求解．【解答】解：A、不是中心对称图形，故本选项错误；B、是中心对称图形，故本选项正确；C、不是中心对称图形，故本选项错误；D、不是中心对称图形，故本选项错误．故选：B．【点评】本题考查了中心对称图形的概念：中心对称图形是要寻找对称中心，旋转180度后与原图重合．3．（3分）若分式有意义，则x的取值范围是（）A．x≠1B．x≠﹣1C．x=1D．x=﹣1【分析】根据分母不能为零，可得答案．【解答】接：由题意，得x﹣1≠0，解得x≠1，故选：A．【点评】本题考查了分式有意义的条件，利用分母不为零得出不等式是解题关键4．（3分）已知实数a，b，若a＞b，则下列结论错误的是（）A．a﹣7＞b﹣7B．6+a＞b+6C．D．﹣3a＞﹣3b 【分析】根据不等式的基本性质对各选项进行逐一分析即可．【解答】解：a＞b，A、a﹣7＞b﹣7，故A选项正确；B、6+a＞b+6，故B选项正确；C、＞，故C选项正确；D、﹣3a＜﹣3b，故D选项错误．故选：D．【点评】本题考查的是不等式的基本性质，熟知不等式的两边同时乘以（或除以）同一个负数，不等号的方向改变是解答此题的关键．5．（3分）下列式子变形是因式分解的是（）A．x2﹣2x﹣3=x（x﹣2）﹣3B．x2﹣2x﹣3=（x﹣1）2﹣4C．（x+1）（x﹣3）=x2﹣2x﹣3D．x2﹣2x﹣3=（x+1）（x﹣3）【分析】根据因式分解是把一个多项式转化成几个整式积的形式，可得答案．【解答】解：A、没把一个多项式转化成几个整式积的形式，故A错误；B、没把一个多项式转化成几个整式积的形式，故B错误；C、是整式的乘法，故C次错误；D、把一个多项式转化成几个整式积的形式，故D正确；故选：D．【点评】本题考查了因式分解的意义，因式分解是把一个多项式转化成几个整式积的形式，注意因式分解与整式乘法的区别．6．（3分）如果把分式中的x和y都扩大2倍，则分式的值（）A．扩大4倍B．扩大2倍C．不变D．缩小2倍【分析】把分式中的x和y都扩大2倍，分别用2x和2y去代换原分式中的x和y，利用分式的基本性质化简即可．【解答】解：把分式中的x和y都扩大2倍后得：==2•，即分式的值扩大2倍．故选：B．【点评】根据分式的基本性质，无论是把分式的分子和分母扩大还是缩小相同的倍数，都不要漏乘（除）分子、分母中的任何一项．7．（3分）如图，点P是正方形ABCD内一点，将△ABP绕着B沿顺时针方向旋转到与△CBP′重合，若PB=3，则PP′的长为（）A．2B．3C．3D．无法确定【分析】根据旋转的性质，可得BP′的长，∠PAP′的度数，根据勾股定理，可得答案．【解答】解：由旋转的性质，得BP′=BP=3，∠PBP′=∠ABC=90°．在Rt△PBP′中，由勾股定理，得P P′===3，故选：B．【点评】本题考查了旋转的性质，利用了旋转的性质：对应点到旋转中心的距离相等，旋转角相等，又利用了勾股定理．8．（3分）如果点P（x﹣4，x+3）在平面直角坐标系的第二象限内，那么x的取值范围在数轴上可表示为（）A．B．C．D．【分析】根据点的位置得出不等式组，求出不等式组的解集，即可得出选项．【解答】解：∵点P（x﹣4，x+3）在平面直角坐标系的第二象限内，∴，解得：﹣3＜x＜4，在数轴上表示为：，故选：C．【点评】本题考查了解一元一次不等式组、在数轴上表示不等式组的解集和点的坐标等知识点，能求出不等式组的解集是解此题的关键．9．（3分）如图，兔子的三个洞口A、B、C构成△ABC，猎狗想捕捉兔子，必须到三个洞口的距离都相等，则猎狗应蹲守在（）A．三条边的垂直平分线的交点B．三个角的角平分线的交点C．三角形三条高的交点D．三角形三条中线的交点【分析】用线段垂直平分线性质判断即可．【解答】解：猎狗到△ABC三个顶点的距离相等，则猎狗应蹲守在△ABC的三条（边垂直平分线）的交点．故选：A．【点评】此题考查了线段垂直平分线的性质，以及三角形的角平分线、中线和高，熟练掌握性质是解本题的关键．10．（3分）小强是一位密码编译爱好者，在他的密码手册中，有这样一条信息：a﹣b，x﹣y，x+y，a+b，x2﹣y2，a2﹣b2分别对应下列六个字：华、爱、我、中、游、美，现将（x2﹣y2）a2﹣（x2﹣y2）b2因式分解，结果呈现的密码信息可能是（）A．我爱美B．中华游C．爱我中华D．美我中华【分析】将原式进行因式分解即可求出答案．【解答】解：原式=（x2﹣y2）（a2﹣b2）=（x﹣y）（x+y）（a﹣b）（a+b）由条件可知，（x﹣y）（x+y）（a﹣b）（a+b）可表示为“爱我中华”故选：C．【点评】本题考查因式分解的应用，涉及平方差公式，提取公因式法，并考查学生的阅读理解能力．11．（3分）如图，在▱ABCD中，AB=8，BC=5，以点A为圆心，以任意长为半径作弧，分别交AD、AB于点P、Q，再分别以P、Q为圆心，以大于PQ的长为半径作弧，两弧在∠DAB内交于点M，连接AM并延长交CD于点E，则CE 的长为（）A．3B．5C．2D．6.5【分析】根据作图过程可得得AE平分∠DAB；再根据角平分线的性质和平行四边形的性质可证明∠DAE=∠DEA，证出AD=DE=5，即可得出CE的长．【解答】解：根据作图的方法得：AE平分∠DAB，∴∠DAE=∠EAB，∵四边形ABCD是平行四边形，∴DC∥AB，AD=BC=5，∴∠DEA=∠EAB，∴∠DAE=∠DEA，∴AD=DE=5，∴CE=DC﹣DE=8﹣5=3；故选：A．【点评】此题考查了平行四边形的性质、等腰三角形的判定．熟练掌握平行四边形的性质，证出AD=DE是解决问题的关键．12．（3分）下面说法中正确的个数有（）①等腰三角形的高与中线重合②一组对边平行，另一组对边相等的四边形是平行四边形③顺次连接任意四边形的中点组成的新四边形为平行四边形④七边形的内角和为900°，外角和为360°⑤如果方程+=会产生增根，那么k的值是4A．1个B．2个C．3个D．4个【分析】依据等腰三角形的性质可对①做出判断，依据平行四边形的判定定理可对②做出判断；依据三角形的中位线定理和平行四边形的判定定理可对③做出判断；依据多边形的内角和公式可对④做出判断，依据方程有增跟可得到x 得值，然后将分式方程化为整式方程，最后，将x的值代入求得k的值即可．【解答】解：①等腰三角形的底边上的高与底边上中线重合，故①错误；②一组对边平行，另一组对边相等的四边形还可能是等腰梯形，故②错误；③顺次连接任意四边形各边中点得到的四边形，这个四边形的对边都等于原来四边形与这组对边相对的对角线的一半，并且和这条对角线平行，故得到的中点四边形是平行四边形，故③正确．④七边形的内角和=（7﹣2）×180°=900°，任意多边形的外角和都等于360°，故④正确；⑤如果方程+=会产生增根，那么x﹣1=0，解得：x=1．∵+=，∴2+3x=k，将x=1代入得：k=2+3×1=5，故⑤错误．故选：B．【点评】本题主要考查的是等腰三角形的性质、平行线四边形的判定、三角形中位线的性质、多边形的内角和、外角和公式、分式方程的增根，熟练掌握相关知识是解题的关键．二、填空题（共4题，每小题3分，共12分）13．（3分）若分式的值为零，则x的值为3．【分析】分式的值为零：分子等于零，且分母不等于零，由此得到3﹣|x|=0且x+3≠0，从而得到x的值．【解答】解：依题意得：3﹣|x|=0且x+3≠0，解得x=3．故答案是：3．【点评】本题考查了分式的值为零的条件．若分式的值为零，需同时具备两个条件：（1）分子为0；（2）分母不为0．这两个条件缺一不可．14．（3分）如图，函数y1=﹣2x和y2=ax+3的图象相交于点A（﹣1，2），则关于x的不等式﹣2x＞ax+3的解集是x＜﹣1【分析】以交点为分界，结合图象写出不等式﹣2x＞ax+3的解集即可．【解答】解：∵函数y1=﹣2x和y2=ax+3的图象相交于点A（﹣1，2），∴不等式﹣2x＞ax+3的解集为x＜﹣1．故答案为x＜﹣1．【点评】此题考查了一次函数与一元一次不等式的关系：从函数的角度看，就是寻求使一次函数y=kx+b的值大于（或小于）0的自变量x的取值范围；从函数图象的角度看，就是确定直线y=kx+b在x轴上（或下）方部分所有的点的横坐标所构成的集合．15．（3分）如图，▱ABCD的对角线AC，BD相交于点O，点E是CD的中点，△ABD的周长为16cm，则△DOE的周长是8cm．【分析】根据平行四边形的对边相等和对角线互相平分可得，BC=AD，DC=AB，DO=BO，E点是CD的中点，可得OE是△DCB的中位线，可得OE=BC．从而得到结果是8cm．【解答】解：∵四边形ABCD是平行四边形，∴O是BD中点，△ABD≌△CDB，又∵E是CD中点，∴OE是△BCD的中位线，∴OE=BC，即△DOE的周长=△BCD的周长，∴△DOE的周长=△DAB的周长．∴△DOE的周长=×16=8cm．故答案为：8．【点评】本题主要考查平行四边形的性质及三角形中位线的性质的应用．16．（3分）如图：在△ABC中，∠C=90°，AD是∠BAC的平分线，DE⊥AB于E，F在AC上，BD=DF，BC=8，AB=10，则△FCD的面积为6【分析】根据题意可证△ADE≌△ACD，可得AE=AC=6，CD=DE，根据勾股定理可得DE，CD的长，再根据勾股定理可得FC的长，即可求△FCD的面积．【解答】解：∵AD是∠BAC的平分线，DE⊥AB于E，∠C=90°∴CD=DE∵CD=DE，AD=AD∴Rt△ACD≌Rt△ADE∴，AE=AC∵在Rt△ABC中，AC=∴AE=6∴BE=AB﹣AE=4∵在Rt△DEB中，BD2=DE2+BE2．∴DE2+16=（8﹣DE）2∴DE=3 即BD=5，CD=3∵BD=DF∴DF=5在Rt△DCF中，FC==4∴△FCD的面积为=×FC×CD=6故答案为6．【点评】本题考查了全等三角形的性质和判定，角平分线的性质，勾股定理，关键是灵活运用这些性质解决问题．三、解答题（17题8分，18题6分，19题6分，20题6分，21题8分，22题8分，23题10分）17．（8分）因式分解：（1）2x3﹣8x；（2）（x+y）2﹣14（x+y）+49【分析】（1）首先提取公因式2x，再利用平方差公式完全平方公式分解因式得出答案；（2）直接利用完全平方公式分解因式得出答案．【解答】解：（1）原式=2x（x2﹣4）=2x（x+2）（x﹣2）；（2）原式=（x+y﹣7）2．【点评】此题主要考查了提取公因式法以及公式法分解因式，正确应用公式是解题关键．18．（6分）解不等式组，并将解集在数轴上表示出来．【分析】先求出每个不等式的解集，再根据找不等式组解集的规律找出不等式组的解集，最后在数轴上表示出来即可．【解答】解：由①得：x≤3，由②得：x＞﹣1，∴不等式组的解集是﹣1＜x≤3，在数轴上表示不等式组的解集为：．【点评】本题考查了解一元一次不等式（组），在数轴上表示不等式组的解集的应用，解此题的关键是能根据不等式的解集找出不等式组的解集．19．（6分）先化简，再求值：（a+）÷，其中a=2．【分析】先根据分式的混合运算顺序和运算法则化简原式，再将a的值代入计算可得．【解答】解：（a+）÷，=[+]•=•=•=，当a=2时，原式==3．【点评】本题主要考查分式的化简求值，解题的关键是熟练掌握分式的混合运算顺序和运算法则．20．（6分）如图，在平面直角坐标系中，已知△ABC的三个顶点的坐标分别为A （﹣1，1），B（﹣3，1），C（﹣1，4）．（1）画出△ABC关于y轴对称的△A1B1C1；（2）将△ABC绕着点B顺时针旋转90°后得到△A2BC2，请在图中画出△A2BC2．【分析】（1）利用点平移的坐标特征写出点A、B、C的对应点A1、B1、C1的坐标，然后描点即可得到△A1B1C1；（2）利用网格特点和旋转的性质，画出点A、C的对应点A2，C2，即可得到△A2BC2．【解答】解：（1）如图所示：△A1B1C1即为所求；（2）如图所示：△A2BC2即为所求．【点评】本题考查了作图﹣旋转变换，根据旋转的性质可知，对应角都相等都等于旋转角，对应线段也相等，由此可以通过作相等的角，在角的边上截取相等的线段的方法，找到对应点，顺次连接得出旋转后的图形．21．（8分）如图，等边△ABC的边长是2，D、E分别为AB、AC的中点，过点E 作EF∥CD交BC的延长线于点F，连接CD．（1）求证：DE=CF；（2）求EF的长．【分析】（1）直接利用三角形中位线定理得出DE∥BC，再利用平行四边形的判定方法得出答案；（2）利用等边三角形的性质结合平行四边形的性质得出DC=EF，进而求出答案．【解答】解：（1）∵D、E分别为AB、AC的中点，∴DE∥BC，DE=BC，∵EF∥CD∴四边形DEFC是平行四边形，∴DE=CF．（2）∵四边形DEFC是平行四边形，∴DC=EF，∵D为AB的中点，等边△ABC的边长是2，∴AD=BD=1，CD⊥AB，BC=2，∴DC=EF=．【点评】此题主要考查了等边三角形的性质以及平行四边形的判定与性质、三角形中位线定理等知识，正确掌握平行四边形的性质是解题关键．22．（8分）某文具店用1050元购进第一批某种钢笔，很快卖完，又用1440元购进第二批该种钢笔，但第二批每支钢笔的进价是第一批进价的1.2倍，数量比第一批多了10支．（1）求第一批每支钢笔的进价是多少元？（2）第二批钢笔按24元/支的价格销售，销售一定数量后，根据市场情况，商店决定对剩余的钢笔全按8折一次性打折销售，但要求第二批钢笔的利润率不低于20%，问至少销售多少支后开始打折？【分析】（1）设第一批文具盒的进价是x元，则第二批的进价是每只1.2x元，根据两次购买的数量关系建立方程求出其解即可；（2）设销售y只后开始打折，根据第二批文具盒的利润率不低于20%，列出不等式，再求解即可．【解答】解：（1）设第一批每只文具盒的进价是x元，根据题意得：﹣=10，解得：x=15，经检验，x=15是方程的解，答：第一批文具盒的进价是15元/只；（2）设销售y只后开始打折，根据题意得：（24﹣15×1.2）y+（﹣y）（24×80%﹣15×1.2）≥1440×20%，解得：y≥40．答：至少销售40只后开始打折．【点评】本题考查了列分式方程和一元一次不等式的应用，解答时找到题意中的等量关系及不相等关系建立方程及不等式是解答的关键．23．（10分）如图1，OA=2，OB=4，以A点为顶点、AB为腰在第三象限作等腰Rt△ABC．（1）求C点的坐标；（2）如图1，在平面内是否存在一点H，使得以A、C、B、H为顶点的四边形为平行四边形？若存在，请直接写出H点坐标；若不存在，请说明理由；（3）如图1点M（1，﹣1）是第四象限内的一点，在y轴上是否存在一点F，使得|FM﹣FC|的绝对值最大？若存在，请求出F点坐标；若不存在，请说明理由【分析】（1）证明△MAC≌△OBA（AAS），根据三角形全等时对应边相等可得C 的坐标；（2）根据平移规律可得三个H点的坐标；（3）如图3，作点M（1，﹣1）关于y轴的对点M'（﹣1，﹣1），连接CF1、MF1，由于|FM﹣FC|≤CM，当C、M'、F三点共线时取等号，连接CM'，与y 轴交于点F即为所求，根据直线解析式，令x=0可得与y轴的交点F的坐标．【解答】解：（1）如图1，过C作CM⊥x轴于M点，…1分∵∠MAC+∠OAB=90°，∠OAB+∠OBA=90°，则∠MAC=∠OBA，…2分在△MAC和△OBA中，，∴△MAC≌△OBA（AAS），…3分∴CM=OA=2，MA=OB=4，∴OM=OA+AM=2+4=6，∴点C的坐标为（﹣6，﹣2）…4分（2）答：如图2，存在三个H点，∵A（﹣2，0），B（0，﹣4），C（﹣6，﹣2），∴根据B到A的平移规律可得C到H1的平移规律，则H1（﹣8，2），同理得H2（﹣4，﹣6）、H3（4，﹣2）…7分（3）答：存在，F（0，﹣），如图3，作点M（1，﹣1）关于y轴的对点M'（﹣1，﹣1），连接CF1、MF1，由于|FM﹣FC|≤CM，当C、M'、F三点共线时取等号，…8分连接CM'，与y轴交于点F即为所求，设CM的解析式为：y=kx+b，把C（﹣6，﹣2）、M'（﹣1，﹣1）代入得，，解得：，∴y=，（9分）当x=0时，y=﹣，∴F（0，﹣）．（10分）【点评】本题考查四边形综合题、轴对称的最短路径问题、等腰直角三角形的性质和判定、三角形全等的性质和判定等知识，第3问有难度，确定点F的位置是关键，学会用平移的规律确定点的坐标，属于中考压轴题．第21页（共21页）。

《试卷3份集锦》深圳市2017-2018年八年级下学期物理期末学业质量检查模拟试题

初二下学期期末物理试卷一、选择题（本题包括10个小题）1．子弹从枪膛里射出后，仍然能高速前进．这是由于A．子弹仍受到火药气体的推力B．子弹受到重力的作用C．子弹不再受到力的作用D．子弹有惯性，要保持原来的运动状态【答案】D【解析】【详解】AD．子弹离开枪口时，不再受到火药气体的推力，仍然能高速前进，是因为惯性，所以保持原来的运动状态，故A错误，D正确；B C．子弹从枪膛里射出后，只受到重力和空气阻力作用，故BC错误。

2．在奥运赛场上有这样一些比赛情景，其中不能用惯性知识解释的是A．急行跳远运动员要助跑一段距离后才起跳B．跳高运动员跳过杆后从最高点落向地面C．百米短跑运动员到达终点后不能立即停下来D．投掷链球时运动员快速旋转链球后掷出，链球继续向前运动【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】A．跳远运动员要助跑一段距离获得一定的速度后起跳，起跳后因为惯性继续运动，提高了运动员的成绩，能利用惯性知识解释，故A不符合题意；B．跳高运动员跳过横杆后，因为受到重力作用从最高点落向地面，不能用惯性知识解释，故B符合题意；C．短跑运动员跑到终点后，因为惯性要保持原来的运动状态继续向前运动，不能立即停下来，能用惯性知识解释，故C不符合题意；D．投掷链球时运动员快速旋转链球后掷出，链球离开手后因为惯性要继续向前运动，能用惯性知识解释，故D不符合题意。

故选B。

3．今年2月13日，我们国家出动11架运输机，空运军队支援湖北医疗人员和物资。

下列关于运输机说法正确的是（）A．运输机水平正常飞行时机翼上方空气流速大压强大B．运输机起落架装有宽大的轮子是为了减小对地面的压力C．运输机起飞时在跑道上加速滑行，是为了增大运输机的惯性D．运输机停在水平地面上时，所受的重力和地面对它的支持力是一对平衡力【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】A．飞机正常飞行时，有向上的升力，所以机翼上方的空气流速大，压强小，故A错误；B．运输机起落架装有宽大的轮子是为了增大受力面积，从而减小对地面的压强，故B错误；C．运输机起飞时在跑道上加速滑行，是为了增大升力，从而能升上空中，故C错误；D．运输机停在水平地面上时，竖直方向上受到的重力和地面对它的支持力是一平衡力，故D正确。

广东省深圳市龙岗区2017-2018学年八年级物理下学期4月月考试题()新人教版

第七章力
一、选择题
1.B
2.D
3.C
4.A
5.B
6.C
7.D
8.B
9.B 10.B
11.B 12.D 13.C 14.B 15.C 16.D
二、非选择题
17. 图略。

18. （1）弹簧测力计；天平
（2）正；物体的重力和它的质量的比值是一定的(或质量增大几倍，重力也增大几倍)
（3）如图所示。

（4）不正确；因为实验中没有保证橡皮泥的质量不变
19. 解：（1）铁球的质量：m＝790g＝0.79kg。

- - - 2分
铁球的重力：G＝mg＝0.79kg×10N/kg＝7.9N。

-- - - 5分
答：该铁球的重力为7.9N。

（2）由表中数据可知V球＝350 cm3－200 cm3＝150cm3， - - - 2分
答：铁球的体积为150cm3。

（3）由ρ＝m/V得V铁＝m铁/ρ铁＝790g/7.9g/cm3＝100cm3，
因为V球＝150cm3＞V铁。

所以该小铁球是空心的。

- - - 5分
V空＝V球－V铁＝150cm3－100cm3＝50cm3；------2分
20. （1）①②④能发生弹性形变，具有弹性
③⑤不能发生弹性形变，具有塑性
（2）问题1：击球时,球的形状为什么发生变化?
解答：力可以改变物体的形状。

问题2：踢足球时,足球为什么会由静止变为运动?
解答：力可以改变物体的运动状态。

广东省深圳市龙岗区2017-2018学年八年级数学下学期期末质量监测试卷答案北师大版【word版】.doc

广东省深圳市龙岗区2017-2018学年八年级数学下学期期末质量监测试题一、选择题（本部分共12小题，每小题3分，共36分。

每小题给出4个选项，其中只有一个选项是正确的，请将正确的选项填在答题卡上） 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 C BADDBBCACAB二．填空题（共4每小题3分，共12分）13．3． 14 x ＜﹣1． 15. 8 16. 6三．解答题（17题6分，18题6分，19题6分，20题8分，21题8分，22题8分，23题10分）17【解答】()()()分分解原式3...2221...422-+=-=x x x x x（2）()分解原式3 (72)-+=y x18.【解答】解：由①得：x≤3， ….2分由②得：x ＞﹣1， ….4分 ∴不等式组的解集是﹣1＜x≤3， ….5分在数轴上表示不等式组的解集为：． ….6分19．【解答】解：（a+）÷，=[+]•…….2分 =•… ………3分 =•… ..4分=， …….5分当a=2时，原式==3． …6分20.【解析】（1）如图所示：111C B A ∆ ...3分（2）如图所示22BC A ∆； ...3分21解答：（1）证明：∵D 、E 分别为AB 、AC 的中点，∴DEBC ， ... 1分∵EF//CD∴四边形DEFC 是平行四边形， ...3分 ∴DE =CF ； ... 4分（2）解：∵四边形DEFC 是平行四边形，∴DC=EF， ....5分∵D为AB的中点，等边△ABC的边长是2，∴AD=BD=1，CD⊥AB，BC=2， ... 7分∴DC=EF=． ...8分22【解答】解：（1）设第一批每只文具盒的进价是x元，根据题意得：﹣=10，解得：x=15，….3分经检验，x=15是方程的解，….4分答：第一批文具盒的进价是15元/只；….5分（2）设销售y只后开始打折，根据题意得：（24﹣15×1.2）y+（﹣y）（24×80%﹣15×1.2）≥1440×20%，…..7分解得：y≥40．答：至少销售40只后开始打折．…..8分23【解答】解：（1）如图1，过C作CM⊥x轴于M点，...1分∵∠MAC+∠OAB=90°，∠OAB+∠OBA=90°，则∠MAC=∠OBA， ...2分在△MAC和△OBA中∴△MAC≌△OBA（AAS），...3分∴CM=OA=2，MA=OB=4，∴OM=OA+AM=2+4=6，∴点C的坐标为（﹣6，﹣2）。

广东省深圳市龙岗区2017-2018学年八年级物理下学期4月月考试题(扫描版) 新人教版

广东省深圳市龙岗区2017-2018学年八年级物理下学期4月月考试题
八年级物理（下册）测试卷参考答案
第七章力
一、选择题
1.B
2.D
3.C
4.A
5.B
6.C
7.D
8.B
9.B 10.B
11.B 12.D 13.C 14.B 15.C 16.D
二、非选择题
17. 图略。

18. （1）弹簧测力计；天平
（2）正；物体的重力和它的质量的比值是一定的(或质量增大几倍，重力也增大几倍)
（3）如图所示。

（4）不正确；因为实验中没有保证橡皮泥的质量不变
19. 解：（1）铁球的质量：m＝790g＝0.79kg。

- - - 2分
铁球的重力：G＝mg＝0.79kg×10N/kg＝7.9N。

-- - - 5分
答：该铁球的重力为7.9N。

（2）由表中数据可知V球＝350 cm3－200 cm3＝150cm3， - - - 2分
答：铁球的体积为150cm3。

（3）由ρ＝m/V得V铁＝m铁/ρ铁＝790g/7.9g/cm3＝100cm3，
因为V球＝150cm3＞V铁。

所以该小铁球是空心的。

问题2：踢足球时,足球为什么会由静止变为运动?
解答：力可以改变物体的运动状态。

2017-2018学年广东省深圳市龙岗区八年级(下)期末物理试卷(不含解析)

做匀速圆周运动过程中（）
A．橡皮运动状态没有发生改变
B．橡皮受到的重力和细线对它的拉力平衡
C．细线对橡皮的拉力使橡皮的运动状态发生改变
D．橡皮在运动过程中外力全部消失，它将继续做匀速圆周运动
5．（2.5 分）如图所示，体操运动员静止在平衡木上时，与运动员所受重力是一对平衡力的是（）
A．平衡木对运动员的支持力
A．势能增加，动能减小，速度减小 B．势能减小，动能增加，速度增加 C．势能增加，动能增加，速度增加 D．势能不变，动能不变，速度不变 16．（2.5 分）在使用下列简单机械匀速提升同一物体的四种方式，如果不计机械自重、绳重和摩擦，所用动力最小的是（）
A
B
C
D
二、第二部分非选择题（共计 60 分，如无特别说明每“▲”2 分．请将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上） 17．（3 分）均匀实心小球从斜面滚下过程中在某一时刻的位置如图所示，用力的示意图画出此刻小球受到的重力和小球对斜面的压力。 18．（3 分）如图所示，轻质杠杆 OA 可绕 O 点转动，请在图中画出杠杆 OA 的动力臂 L1 和其受到的阻力
B．运动员对平衡木的压力
C．平衡木受到的重力
D．运动员对地球的吸引力
6．（2.5 分）如图水平雪地上，穿着雪橇的芳芳总质量为 70Kg，没有陷入雪地；而穿着运动鞋的小明总质
量为 50Kg，却深陷雪地。下列说法正确的是（）
A．芳芳对雪地的压力比小明的小
B．芳芳对雪地的压力和小明的一样
C．芳芳对雪地的压强比小明的小
C．密度计上的刻度示数从下到上逐渐变大
D．密度计放在不同液体中所受浮力的大小与液体密度有关
11．（2.5 分）如图所示的简单机械中，属于省距离杠杆的是（）