高中英语虚拟语气练习题50题

高中英语虚拟语气练习题50题
1.If I were a bird, I ____ fly freely in the sky.
A.can
B.could
C.will
D.would
答案：D。

解析：本题考查对现在情况的虚拟语气。

if 引导的条件句中用一般过去时（be 动词用were），主句用would/could/might/should+动词原形。

A 选项can 用于一般现在时；
B 选项could 虽然有“能够”的意思，但在这个语境下，虚拟语气中更常用would；
C 选项will 用于一般将来时。

2.If he had more time, he ____ learn to play the guitar.
A.can
B.could
C.will
D.would
答案：D。

解析：对现在情况的虚拟。

if 条件句用一般过去时，主句用would/could/might/should+动词原形。

A 选项can 不用于虚拟语气；B 选项could 单独用的时候不一定是虚拟语气；C 选项will 用于一般将来时。

3.If I knew her number, I ____ call her.
A.can
B.could
C.will
D.would
答案：D。

解析：同样是对现在情况的虚拟。

if 条件句用一般过去时，主句用would/could/might/should+动词原形。

A 选项can 用于一般现在时；B 选项could 一般不单独使用；C 选项will 用于一般将来时。

4.If she were taller, she ____ be a model.
A.can
B.could
C.will
D.would
答案：D。

解析：对现在情况虚拟。

if 条件句用were，主句用would/could/might/should+动词原形。

A 选项can 一般不用于虚拟语气；B 选项could 不单独用；C 选项will 用于一般将来时。

5.If they had enough money, they ____ buy a new car.
A.can
B.could
C.will
D.would
答案：D。

解析：对现在情况的虚拟。

if 条件句用一般过去时，主句用would/could/might/should+动词原形。

A 选项can 用于一般
现在时；B 选项could 一般不单用；C 选项will 用于一般将来时。

6.If I had a magic wand, I ____ make all my dreams come true.
A.can
B.could
C.will
D.would
答案：D。

解析：对现在情况虚拟。

if 条件句用一般过去时，主句用would/could/might/should+动词原形。

A 选项can 用于一般现在时；B 选项could 一般不单独用；C 选项will 用于一般将来时。

7.If he were more confident, he ____ speak in public.
A.can
B.could
C.will
D.would
答案：D。

解析：对现在情况的虚拟。

if 条件句用were，主句用would/could/might/should+动词原形。

A 选项can 用于一般现在时；
B 选项could 一般不单独用；
C 选项will 用于一般将来时。

8.If she had better grades, she ____ get into a good university.
A.can
B.could
C.will
D.would
答案：D。

解析：对现在情况虚拟。

if 条件句用一般过去时，主句用would/could/might/should+动词原形。

A 选项can 用于一般现在时；B 选项could 一般不单独用；C 选项will 用于一般将来时。

9.If they knew the truth, they ____ be angry.
A.can
B.could
C.will
D.would
答案：D。

解析：对现在情况的虚拟。

if 条件句用一般过去时，主句用would/could/might/should+动词原形。

A 选项can 用于一般现在时；B 选项could 一般不单独用；C 选项will 用于一般将来时。

10.If I were you, I ____ take that job.
A.can
B.could
C.will
D.would
答案：D。

解析：对现在情况的虚拟。

if 条件句用were，主句用would/could/might/should+动词原形。

A 选项can 用于一般现在时；
B 选项could 一般不单独用；
C 选项will 用于一般将来时。

11.If Newton had not discovered gravity, our understanding of the universe would be very different.
Newton's discovery of gravity is a fact in the past. This sentence
expresses a hypothetical situation contrary to the past fact. In this case, the subjunctive mood for past is used. The structure is "If + subject + had + past participle, subject + would/could/might + have + past participle."
答案：这句话只是一个假设，不涉及具体选项选择。

牛顿发现万有引力是既定事实，这个句子是对过去情况的虚拟假设。

12.If Marie Curie had not persevered in her research, we might not have known about radioactivity.
Marie Curie's perseverance in research is a past event. This sentence is a counterfactual statement about the past. The subjunctive mood for past is employed.
答案：这句话同样是对过去情况的虚拟假设，不涉及具体选项选择。

玛丽·居里坚持研究是历史事实，该句是对过去的虚拟假设。

13.If Einstein had not proposed the theory of relativity, our view of space and time would be limited.
Einstein's proposal of the theory of relativity is a past action. This sentence is a hypothetical situation about the past. The subjunctive mood for past is used.
答案：此句为对过去情况的虚拟假设，无具体选项。

爱因斯坦提出相对论是历史事件，该句是对过去的虚拟假设。

14.If Shakespeare had not written his famous plays, literature would have lost some of its greatest masterpieces.
Shakespeare's writing of plays is a past occurrence. This sentence is a
counterfactual statement regarding the past. The subjunctive mood for past is applied.
答案：此句是对过去情况的虚拟假设，无具体选项。

莎士比亚创作著名戏剧是历史事实，该句是对过去的虚拟假设。

15.If Columbus had not discovered America, the course of world history would have changed.
Columbus's discovery of America is a past event. This sentence is a hypothetical situation about the past. The subjunctive mood for past is utilized.
答案：此句为对过去情况的虚拟假设，无具体选项。

哥伦布发现美洲是历史事件，该句是对过去的虚拟假设。

16.If Napoleon had won the Battle of Waterloo, European history would have taken a different turn.
Napoleon's battle at Waterloo is a past event. This sentence is a counterfactual statement about the past. The subjunctive mood for past is employed.
答案：此句是对过去情况的虚拟假设，无具体选项。

拿破仑在滑铁卢之战是历史事件，该句是对过去的虚拟假设。

17.If Lincoln had not been assassinated, the United States might have developed differently.
Lincoln's assassination is a past event. This sentence is a hypothetical situation about the past. The subjunctive mood for past is used.
答案：此句为对过去情况的虚拟假设，无具体选项。

林肯被刺杀是历史事件，该句是对过去的虚拟假设。

18.If Van Gogh had not painted his masterpieces, the art world would be poorer.
Van Gogh's painting of masterpieces is a past action. This sentence is a counterfactual statement regarding the past. The subjunctive mood for past is applied.
答案：此句是对过去情况的虚拟假设，无具体选项。

梵高创作杰作是历史事实，该句是对过去的虚拟假设。

19.If Mozart had not composed his beautiful music, classical music would lack some of its greatest works.
Mozart's composition of music is a past event. This sentence is a hypothetical situation about the past. The subjunctive mood for past is utilized.
答案：此句为对过去情况的虚拟假设，无具体选项。

莫扎特创作优美音乐是历史事件，该句是对过去的虚拟假设。

20.If Darwin had not proposed the theory of evolution, our understanding of life on Earth would be incomplete.
Darwin's proposal of the theory of evolution is a past event. This sentence is a counterfactual statement about the past. The subjunctive mood for past is employed.
答案：此句是对过去情况的虚拟假设，无具体选项。

达尔文提出
进化论是历史事实，该句是对过去的虚拟假设。

21.If it rained tomorrow, we would stay at home.
we would go for a picnic.
we would watch a movie.
we would visit our grandparents.
答案：we would stay at home.如果明天下雨，我们就会待在家里。

这是对将来情况的虚拟，if 条件句中使用过去式（（rained），主句使用would + 动词原形（stay）。

22.If I had enough time next week, I would read that novel.
I would go shopping.
I would play basketball.
I would study for the exam.
答案：I would read that novel.如果我下周有足够的时间，我会读那本小说。

对将来的虚拟，if 条件句中had 是虚拟语气的表达，主句would + 动词原形（read）。

23.If she won the lottery next month, she would buy a new car.
she would travel around the world.
she would donate to charity.
she would start her own business.
答案：she would buy a new car.如果她下个月中彩票，她会买一辆新车。

对将来虚拟，if 条件句用过去式won，主句would + 动词原形（buy）。

24.If they had a holiday next year, they would go to the beach.
they would climb a mountain.
they would visit a museum.
they would stay at a hotel.
答案：they would go to the beach.如果他们明年有假期，他们会去海滩。

对将来虚拟，if 条件句had 表虚拟，主句would + 动词原形（go）。

25.If he got a promotion next year, he would treat everyone to dinner.
he would buy a new house.
he would take a long vacation.
he would save more money.
答案：he would treat everyone to dinner.如果他明年得到晋升，他会请每个人吃饭。

对将来虚拟，if 条件句got 表虚拟，主句would + 动词原形（treat）。

26.If we had good weather next weekend, we would have a picnic.
we would go hiking.
we would play tennis.
we would go swimming.
答案：we would have a picnic.如果我们下周末天气好，我们会去野餐。

对将来虚拟，if 条件句had 表虚拟，主句would + 动词原形（have）。

27.If I could speak French fluently next year, I would go to France.
I would study in Canada.
I would travel to Italy.
I would work in Germany.
答案：I would go to France.如果我明年能流利地说法语，我会去法国。

对将来虚拟，if 条件句could speak 表虚拟，主句would + 动词原形（go）。

28.If she had a chance to study abroad next year, she would choose England.
she would go to Australia.
she would study in the US.
she would pick Canada.
答案：she would choose England.如果她明年有机会出国留学，她会选择英国。

对将来虚拟，if 条件句had 表虚拟，主句would + 动词原形（choose）。

29.If they were to win the competition next month, they would be very happy.
they would celebrate for a week.
they would get a big prize.
they would be famous.
答案：they would celebrate for a week.如果他们下个月赢得比赛，他们会庆祝一周。

对将来虚拟，if 条件句were to win 表虚拟，主句would + 动词原形（celebrate）。

30.If he had enough money next year, he would start his own business.
he would buy a luxury car.
he would travel around the world.
he would invest in stocks.
答案：he would start his own business.如果他明年有足够的钱，他会自己创业。

对将来虚拟，if 条件句had 表虚拟，主句would + 动词原形（start）。

31. If I had known your birthday was yesterday, I ______ a present for you.
- would buy
- would have bought
- had bought
- bought
答案：would have bought。

本题中，“if I had known”表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件，主句应用“would have done”，表示对过去的虚拟。

32. If he were more careful now, he ______ so many mistakes in the exam last week.
- wouldn't have made
- wouldn't make
- didn't make
- hadn't made
答案：wouldn't have made。

“if he were more careful now”表示与现在事实相反的假设，“in the exam last week”表明后半句是对过去的虚拟，整体混合了对现在和过去的虚拟，主句对过去虚拟应用“would have done”。

33. If she had studied harder last term, she ______ better grades this term.
- would get
- would have got
- got
- had got
答案：would get。

“if she had studied harder last term”是对过去的虚拟，后半句“this term”表明是对现在或将来的虚拟，对现在或将来虚拟主句用“would do”。

34. If I had taken your advice then, I ______ in such a difficult situation now.
- wouldn't be
- wouldn't have been
- wasn't
- hadn't been
答案：wouldn't be。

“if I had taken your advice then”是对过去的虚拟，“now”表明后半句是对现在的虚拟，对现在虚拟主句用“would do”，这里用“wouldn't be”。

35. If they ______ to the party last night, they would be tired today.
- had gone
- went
- go
- have gone
答案：had gone。

“last night”表明是对过去的虚拟，对过去虚拟条件句用“had done”，主句“they would be tired today”是对现在的虚拟。

36. If he were to study harder from now on, he ______ the exam next month.
- would pass
- would have passed
- passed
- had passed
答案：would pass。

“if he were to study harder from now on”是对将来的虚拟，对将来虚拟主句用“would do”。

37. If I had known it would rain today, I ______ brought an umbrella yesterday.
- would have
- had
- would
- have
答案：would have。

“if I had known it would rain today”是对现在或
将来的虚拟，“yesterday”表明后半句是对过去的虚拟，对过去虚拟主句用“would have done”。

38. If she had listened to me earlier, she ______ in trouble now and wouldn't have been in trouble yesterday.
- wouldn't be
- wouldn't have been
- wasn't
- hadn't been
答案：wouldn't be。

“if she had listened to me earlier”是对过去的虚拟，“now”表明前半句是对现在的虚拟，用“wouldn't be”；“wouldn't have been in trouble yesterday”是对过去的虚拟。

39. If they had arrived on time yesterday, they ______ the meeting and wouldn't be late for the meeting today.
- would attend
- would have attended
- attended
- had attended
答案：would have attended。

“if they had arrived on time yesterday”是对过去的虚拟，主句对过去虚拟用“would have done”；“wouldn't be late for the meeting today”是对现在的虚拟。

40. If he were more confident now, he ______ so nervous in the interview last week and wouldn't be so worried about the result today.
- wouldn't have been
- wouldn't be
- wasn't
- hadn't been
答案：wouldn't have been。

“if he were more confident now”是对现在的虚拟，“in the interview last week”表明后半句是对过去的虚拟，对过去虚拟主句用“would have done”。

41.Without your help, I couldn't have finished the work on time.
A.can't
B.couldn't
C.mustn't
D.needn't
答案：B。

本题考查含蓄虚拟语气。

“Without your help”表示如果没有你的帮助，实际上是一种假设的情况，后面的句子要用虚拟语气。

因为前面用了couldn't have done 的形式，所以后面也应该用couldn't。

42.If he had taken my advice, he would be better now.
A.is
B.will be
C.would be
D.would have been
答案：C。

本题考查错综时间虚拟语气。

前半句是对过去的假设，用了had taken 的形式；后半句表示现在的情况，所以要用would be。

43.But for the rain, we would have had a picnic.
A.would have had
B.will have
C.would have
D.had
答案：A。

“But for the rain”表示如果不是因为这场雨，是含蓄虚拟语气。

后面表示对过去的虚拟，要用would have done 的形式。

44.If only I had studied harder in high school.
A.have studied
B.studied
C.had studied
D.would study
答案：C。

“If only”引导的句子通常用虚拟语气，表示“要是……就好了”。

这里是对过去的虚拟，所以用had studied。

45.Had he been more careful, he wouldn't have made such a mistake.
A.wouldn't make
B.wouldn't have made
C.won't make
D.won't have made
答案：B。

本题考查倒装的虚拟语气。

正常语序是“If he had been more careful”，这里把had 提前，构成倒装。

表示对过去的虚拟，所以后面用wouldn't have made。

46.Without electricity, our life would be very different.
A.would be
B.will be
C.is
D.was
答案：A。

“Without electricity”是含蓄虚拟语气，表示如果没有电，我们的生活将会非常不同。

对现在的虚拟，用would be。

47.Suppose you were in my position, what would you do?
A.are
B.were
C.will be
D.would be
答案：B。

“Suppose”引导的句子用虚拟语气，这里表示与现在事实相反，用were。

48.Even if he had known the truth, he might not have told us.
A.might not tell
B.might not have told
C.won't tell
D.won't have told
答案：B。

本题考查错综时间虚拟语气。

前半句是对过去的假设，用了had known 的形式；后半句表示过去的可能性，所以用might not have told。

49.It's time we went home.
A.go
B.went
C.will go
D.would go
答案：B。

“It's time”后面的从句要用虚拟语气，用过去式表示现在或将来的情况。

50.I wish I could fly like a bird.
A.can fly
B.could fly
C.will fly
D.would fly
答案：B。

“wish”后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。

这里表示现在的愿望，用could fly。