2018专四阅读题型解析
2018英语专四真题与参考答案解析
2018 英语专业四级考试真题及参考答案PART III LANGUAGE USAGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are fouroptions marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence oranswers the question. Mark hour answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.11.The Bent Pyramid outside Cairo __________ ancient Egypt ’s first attempt to builda smooth-sided pyramid.A. has been believed to havebeen B. was believed to beC. is believed to havebeen D. is believed tobe12.U.S. News ____________ rankings of colleges since 1983. They are a very popularresource for students looking to apply to university campus.A. maintainsB. ismaintaining C.maintainedD. has been maintaining13.H e was lured into a crime he would not ____________have committed.A.actuallyB.accidentallyC.otherwiseD.seldom14.She was once a young country wife with chickens in the backyard and a viewof_____________ mountains behind the appleorchard. A. blue hazy VirginiaB. hazy blueVirginia C.Virginia hazyblue D. Virginiablue hazy15.I long to alleviate __________, but I cannot.B.evilC.evilsD.an evil16.Indeed, it is arguable that body shattering is the very point of football, askilling and maiming ______________.A. warB. are warC. of warD. are ofwar17.At ____________, photography is a chemical process, during which a light-sensitive material is altered when exposed to light.A. its mostbasic B. itsbasicC. the most basicD. the basic18. She hired a lawyer to investigate, only to learn that Gabriel had removed her name from the deed. The infinitive verb phrase “only to learn ”is used __________. A. to express an intended purposeB. to indicate a high degree of possibilityC. to reveal an undesirable consequenceD. to dramatize a stated fact19. W hich of the following italicized words DOES NOT carry themetaphorical meaning? A. I wonder what ’s behind this change of plan.B. Jim turned to speak to the person standing behind him.C. This work should have been finished yesterday. I ’m getting terribly behind .D. I suppose I ’m lucky because my parents werebehind meall the way.20. My mother was determined to help those in need and she would have been immensely proud of what has been achieved these last 20 years. The italicized part in the sentence expresses _______. A. a hypothesis B. a suggestion C. a contradiction D. a surprise21. When the police officers who took part in the King beating were first brought to___________, their lawyers used the videotape as evidence against the prosecution.A.justiceB.testimonyC.trialD.verdict22._________, the most controversial candidate in the election campaign, hehas beenstrongly criticized for his crude comments about women.A.QuestionablyB.ArguablyC.ContentiouslyD.Debatably23.P rices have recently risen in order to __________ the increased cost ofraw materials. A. cutB. buoyC.offer D.offset24.T he celebrity says in court papers she“has no __________ of giving any authorization to anyone to proceed with a divorce. ”A.recommendationB.recordingC.recollectionD.recognition25.What actually __________ a good angle —or a good selfieoverall—is rooted in whatwe consider beautiful.A. consistsB. constitutesC. composesD. constructs26.The school is going the ________ mile to create the next generation of sportingstars thanks to its unique development program.A.final B.furtherC.supplementaryD. extra27.The teachers ’union _________ a lawsuit against the district calling forrepairing“deplorable ”school conditions.A.firedB.filedC.finedD.filledst March the __________ of a 19 th century cargo ship was found by an underwater archaeological team.A. debrisB.ruinsC.remainsD.wreck29.S he ’s worn his designs on __________ occasions from red carpets to movie premieres. A. countlessB.countableC.numericalD. numeral30.A leading ___________ intelligence and operations company has releasedits analysis of worldwide reported incidents of piracy and crime against mariners.A.oceangoing B.oceanic C.marineD. maritimePART IV CLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blank. The words can be used ONCE ONLY. Mark the letter for each word on ANSWER SHEET.A. accompaniesB. automaticallyF. kindG. mannerK. renowned L. subscribeC. coupleH.mercifullyM. unknownD.goesI. oneN.virtueE. indebtednessJ. obeyO. widespreadA Few years ago, a university professor tried a little experiment. He sentChristmas cards to a sample of perfect strangers. Although he expected somereaction, the response he received was amazing —holiday cards addressed to him came pouring back from the people who had never met nor heard of him. Thegreat majority of those who returned a card never inquired into the identity of theunknown professor. They received his holiday greeting card, and they automatically sent one in return. This study shows the action of one of the mostpowerful of the weapons of influence around us —the rule for reciprocation. The rule says that we should try to repay, in kind, what another person has providedus. If a woman does us a favor, we should do her one in return; if a man sends usa birthday present, we should remember his birthday with a gift of our own; if acouple invites us to a party, we should be sure to invite them to one of ours. Byvirtueof the reciprocity rule, then, we are obligated to the future repayment offavors, gifts,invitations,and the like. Sotypicalisit for indebtedness toaccompany the receipt of such things that a term like “much obliged ”has becomea synonym for “thank you, ”not only in the English language but in others as well.The impressive aspect of the rule for reciprocation and the sense of obligation that goes with it is its pervasiveness in human culture. It is so widespread that after intensive study, sociologists such as Alvin Goldener can report that there is no human society that does not subscribe to the rule.PART V READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your a nswers onANSWERSHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE（1）The earliest settlers came to the North American continent toestablish colonies that were free from the controls that existed in Europeansocieties. They wanted to escape the controls placed on their lives by kingsand governments, priests and churches, noblemen and aristocrats. The historicdecisions made by those first settlers have had a profound effect onthe shaping of the American character. By limiting the power of the government and thechurches and eliminating a formal aristocracy, they created a climate of freedom wheretheemphasis was on the individual. Individual freedom is probably the most basic of allthe American values. By freedom, Americans mean the desire and the ability of allindividuals tocontrol their own destiny without outside interference from the government, a rulingnoble class, the church, or any other organized authority.(2)There is, however, a price to be paid for this individual freedom: self-reliance. It means that Americans believe they should stand on their own feet,achieving both financialand emotional independence from their parents as early as possible, usually by age 18 or 21.(3)A second important reason why immigrants have traditionally been drawn to the United States is the belief that everyone has a equal chance to enter a race andsucceed inthe game. Because titles of nobility were forbidden in the Constitution, no formal class systemdeveloped in the U.S.(4) There is, however, a price to be paid for this equality of opportunity: competition. If much of life is seen as race, then a person must run the race in order to succeed; a person must compete with others. The pressures of competition in the life of an American begin in childhood and continue until retirement from work. In fact, any group of people who does not compete successfully does not fit into the mainstream of American life as well as those who do.(5) A third reason why immigrantshavetraditionallycome to the United State s is tohave a better life. Because of its abundant natural resources, the United Statesappeared tobe a “land of plenty where millions could come to seek their fortunes. The phrase “going from rags to riches ”became a slogan for the American dream. Many people did achieve materialsuccess. Material wealth became a value to the American people, and italso became an accepted measure of social status.(6) Americans pay a price, however, for their material wealth: hard work. Hard work has been both necessary and rewarding for most Americans throughou t their history. In some ways, material possessions are seen as evidence of people ’s abilities. Barry Goldwater, a candidat e for the presidency in 1964, said that most poor people are poor because they deserve to be. Most Americans would find this a harsh statement, but many might think there was some truth in it.(7) These basic values do not tell the whole story of the American character. Rather, they should be thought of as themes, as we continue toexplore more facets of the American character and how it affects life in the United States.41. Para.4 seems to suggest that __________.A. Americans are born with a sense of competitionB. the pressure of competition begins when one starts workC. successful competition is essential in American societyD. competition results in equality of opportunities42.Which of the following methods does the author mainly use in explaining Americanvalues?A. ComparisonD. Cause and effectC.DefinitionD.Process analysisPASSAGE TWO(1) The Nobels are the originals, of course. Alfred Nobel, the man who invented deadlyexplosives, decided to try and do something good with all the money he earned, and gaveprizes to people who made progress in literature, science, economics and — perhaps mostimportantly — peace.(2) Not all rewards are as noble as the Nobels. Even though mostcountries have asystem of recognizing, honoring and rewarding people who have done something good intheir countries, there are now hundreds of awards and award ceremonies for all kinds ofthings.(3)The Oscars are probably t he most famous, a time for the (mostly) Americanfilmindustry to tell itself how good it is and an annual opportunity for lots of big stars to give eachother awards and make tearful speeches. As well as that there are also the Golden Globes,evidently for the same thing.(4) But it ’s not only films---there are also Grammies, Brits, the Mercury Prize and theMTV for music. InBritain, a writer who wins the Booker Prize can expect to see theirdifficult, literary novel hit the bestseller lists and compete with the Da Vinci Codefor popularity. TheTurner Prize is an award for British contemporary artists— each year it causes controversy byapparently givin g lots of money to artists who do thingslike displayin g thei r beds, puttinganimals in glass cases or — this year — building a garden shed.(5) Awards don ’t onlyexist fo r arts. Thereare now awards for Sports Personality of the Year,forEuropeanFootballe r of the Yearand World Footballe r of th eYear. Thisseems very strange —sometimes awards can be good to giverecognitionto people whodeserve it , or to help people whodon ’t make a lot of money carr y on their work withoutworrying about finances, but professiona l soccer players these dayscertainly aren’tshort of cash!(6) Many small towns and communities all over the world also have their own awardceremonies, for local writers or artists, or just for people who have graduated fromhighschool or, got a university degree. Even the British Council has its own awards for “Innovation in English Language Teaching ”.(7)Why have all these awards and ceremonies appeared recently?Shakespeare never won a prize, nor did Leonardo Da Vinci or Adam Smith orCharles Dickens.(8) It would be possibleto say,however, that in the past,scientists and artistscouldwin “patronage ”form rich people — a king or a lord would give the artists or scientists moneyto have them paint their palaces or help them develop new ways of making money. With thechange in social systems across the world, this no longer happens. A lot of scientific researchis now either funded by the state or by private companies.(9)Perhaps award ceremonies are just the most recent phase of this process.(10) However, there is more to it than that. When a film wins anOscar, manymore people will go and see it, or buy the DVD. When a writer wins the Nobel Prize, manymore people buy their books. When a group wins the MTV awards, the ceremony is seen byhundreds of thousands of people across the world. The result? The group s ells lots morerecords.(11)Most award ceremonies are now sponsored by big organizations or companies. Thismeans that it is not only the person who wins the award who benefits---but also the sponsors.The MTV awards, for example, are great for publicizing not only music, but also MTV itself!(12) On the surface, it seems to be a “Win-win”situation, with everyone being happy, butlet me ask you a question — how far do you think that publicity and marketing arewinninghere, and how much genuine recognition of achievement is taking place?43. What is the author ’s tone when he mentions awards such as theOscars, the GoldenGlobes and Grammies (Paras. 3 & 4)A.Amused.B.Appreciative.C.Sarcastic.D.Serious.44.A ccording to Para. 4, what would happen to award winning writers?A. They would enjoy a much larger readership.B. They would turn to popular novel writing.C. They would continue non-fiction writing.D. They would try controversial forms of art.45.W hich of the following statements best sums up Para. 6?A.Awards ceremonies are held for local people.B.Awards ceremonies are held on important occasions.C.Awards ceremonies are held in certain professions.D.Awards ceremonies are held for all sorts of reasons.46.A ccording to Para. 8, one difference between scientists and artists inthe past and those at present lies in_____________.A.nature of workB.personal contactC.source of fundingD.social status47.I t can be concluded from Para. 12 that the author thinks awards ________.A.promote market rather than achievementsB.do good to both market and popularityC.help those who are really talentedD.are effective in making people popularPASSAGE THREE(1) Knowing that Mrs.Mallardsufferedfrom ahearttrouble,great care wastakentobreak to her as gently as possible the news of herhusband’s death.(2) It was her sister Josephine who told her, in broken sentences. Herhusband Richards was there, too. It was he who had been in the newspaperoffice when news of the’s friendrailroad disaster was received, with Brently Mallard ’s nameleading the list of“killed ”. He had only taken the time to assure himself of its truth by a second telegram.(3)She wept at once, in her sister ’s arms. When the storm of sadnesshad spent itself she went away to her room alone. She would have no one followher.(4)There stood, facing the open window, a comfortable armchair. Into this shesank, pressed down by a physical exhaustion that haunted her body and seemed to reachinto hersoul.(5)She could see in the open square before her house the tops of trees. The delicious breath of rain was in the air. The notes of a distant song which someone was singing reached her, and countless sparrows were twittering in the eaves).(6)T here were patches of blue sky showing here and there through theclouds that had met and piled above the other in the west facing her window.(7)She sat with her head thrown back upon the cushion of the chair,quite motionless, except when a sob came up into her throat and shook her,as a child who has cried itself to sleep continues to sob in its dreams.(8)She was young, with a fair, calm face, whose lines bespoke repression and even a certain strength. But now there was a dull stare inher eyes, whose gaze was fixed away offyonder on one of those patches of blue sky. It was not a glance of reflection, but rather indicated a suspension of intelligent thought.(9)There was something coming to her and she was waiting for it,fearfully. What was it? She did not know; it was too subtle and elusive to name.But she felt it, creeping out of the sky, reaching toward her through thesounds, the scents, the color that filled the air.(10)Now her bosom rose and fell tumultuously. She was beginning to recognize thisthing that was approaching to possess her, and she was striving to beat it back withher will-as powerless as her two white slender hands would have been.(11)When she abandoned herself a little whispered word escaped her slightly parted lips.She said it over and over under her breath: "Free, free, free!" The vacant stare and the lookofterror that had followed it went from her eyes. They stayed keen and bright. Her pulses beat fast, and the coursing blood warmed and relaxed every inch of her body.(12)She knew that she would weep again when she saw the kind, tenderhands folded in death; the face that had never looked save with love upon her,fixed and gray and dead. But she saw beyond that bitter moment a longprocession of years to come that would belong to her absolutely. And sheopened and spread her arms out to them in welcome.(13)There would be no one to live for her during those coming years;she would live for herself. There would be no powerful will bending her inthat blind persistence with which men and women believe they have a right toimpose a private will upon a fellow-creature.(14)And yet she had loved him-sometimes. Often she had not. What didit matter! What could love, the unsolved mystery, count for in face of thispossession of self-assertion, which she suddenly recognized as the strongest impulse of her being!(15)“Free! Body and soul free! ”she kept whispering.(16)Josephine was kneeling before the closed door with her lips to the keyhole, imploring for admission. "Louise, open the door! I beg; open the door-you will make yourself ill.What are you doing, Louise? For heaven's sake open the door."(17) "Go away. I am not making myself ill." No; she was drinking in a very elixir( 长生不老药) of life through that open window.(18)Her fancy was running riot along those days ahead of her. Springdays, and summer days, and all sorts of days that would be her own. Shebreathed a quick prayer that life might be long. It was only yesterday she hadthought with a shudder that life might be long.(19)She arose at length and opened the door to her sister'simportunities. There was a feverish triumph in her eyes, and she carriedherself unwittingly like a goddess of Victory. She clasped her sister's waist,and together they descended the stairs. Richards stood waiting for them atthe bottom.(20)Some one was opening the front door with a latchkey. It wasBrently Mallard who entered, a little travel-stained, composedly carrying hisgripsack and umbrella. He had been far from the scene of accident, and didnot even know there had been one. He stood amazed at Josephine's piercing cry;at Richards' quick motion to screen him from the view of his wife.(21)But Richards was too late.(22)When the doctors came they said she had died of heart disease-of joy that kills.48. How did Mrs Mallard get t he news of her husband ’s death?A. Her husband ’s friend told her.B. She had read it from the paper.C. Her sister Josephine told her.D. Her doctor broke the news to her.49.W hen Mrs Mallard was alone in her room, she ___________.A.sat in an armchair all the timeB.sat with her back facing the windowC.sat and then walked around for whileD. sat in a chair and cried all the time.50.H ow did she feel about her love towards her husband?A.She hated her husband.B.She was indifferent now.C.She found it hard to describe.D.She had loved him all along.SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE51.Of all the values mentioned in the passage, which one is regarded as the mostfundamental?Individual freedom.PASSAGE TWO52.What can be inferred from the sentence “Not all awards are as noble as the Nobels. ”according to Para. 2?The author doubts the significance of some awards.53.What conclusion can be drawn fromPara. 5?The author thinks it unreasonable to award rich people.PASSAGE THREE54.W hat was Mrs Mallard ’s mood when she was left alone inthe room? Secret joy over the expectation of future freedom.55. The doctors said that Mrs Mallard died of heart disease — of joy that kills. What do youthink is the real cause of her death?Fright and disillusionment at the sight of her “dead ”husband.PART VI WRITING(略 )您好，欢迎您阅读我的文章，本WORD 文档可编辑修改，也可以直接打印。
18年四级阅读
18年四级阅读2018年英语四级阅读理解真题及答案Passage One答案及解析60.【答案】B【解析】文章第一段第二句话明确提到“…the first step in the process of socialization，which molds the individual child into more or less the same form as the adult members of his or her society.”即“社会化过程的初始步骤，它将孩子塑造成或多或少与其社会成年成员一样的形式。
”因此，选项B“社会化过程的第一步”是正确答案。
61.【答案】D【解析】文章第三段提到“A variety of influences，social，psychological，and biological，are brought to bear on the process of socialization，but the most important agent in the process iscl early the family.”即“在社会化过程中，有各种各样的社会、心理和生理影响因素，但这一过程中最重要的媒介显然是家庭。
”因此，选项D“家庭是社会化过程最重要的媒介”是正确答案。
62.【答案】A【解析】文章最后一段第二句话提到“the most important aspect of the socialization process is learning to play an effective role in the society，both as an individual and as a member of groups.”即“社会化过程中最重要的方面是学会在社会中发挥有效的作用，无论是作为个人还是作为群体成员。
”因此，选项A“学会在社会中发挥有效的作用”是正确答案。
2018专四阅读题型解析.docx
2018 专四阅读题型解析2017 专四阅读题型即除去常规的选择体外增加了简答题(Short Answer Questions)共20 分，10 道选择，5 道简答题。
两相比较，后者显得更重要，得分更容易。
答案简短(不超10 词)，大多能从文中找到原词。
①具体细节题这类题所占比重最大，一般来讲考生在文章中找到答案出处并不难，但关键是如何从答案出处中归纳出问题的答案。
因为简答题要求考生既要用最简短的语言，又不能原封不动地照搬原文的整句话来作答。
所以，得分易，而得满分难，便成了此类试题的一大特色。
答题时需要注意找准答案，即找到问题中的关键词在文章中的大体位置，并尽可能地缩小范围，找准目标。
否则答案涉及无关问题会被扣分。
②主旨类试题此类题出现频率较高，常见的提问方式有：Whats the main idea of this passage?Whats the passage mainly about?Whats the best title for this passage?回答这类题的关键是要抓住文章的主旨句。
但考生应注意不可照抄原句，而需要重新归纳组织、概括，从而用不多于10 个词来表达文章的主要内容。
③推断类试题这类题与选择题中的推断题一样，简答题的答案在原文中是不能直接找到的，它要求考生进行合理的推断。
当然这种推断并不是毫无目的的。
文章中的某些词及作者的写作手法都可能成为推论的依据。
④语义题这类题的目的在于考查考生转述(paraphrase)或解释(explain)某个词或语句在特定场合下的特定含义的能力。
该类题要求考生不仅要读懂原文，而且要表达出来。
常见的出题方式为：What does the word inrefer to?Whats the meaning of the expression in Paragraph?What does the expression in the context of the passage refer to?解答这类题时，可注意找出原词在文中的同义替换词。
2018年英语专业四级TEM-4真题及解析
2018 年英语专业四级真题及详解TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2018)-GRADE FOUR-TIME LIMIT: 130 MINPART Ⅰ DICTATION [10 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given ONE minute to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.【答案与解析】Emotional Reaction to Music①No matter who you are, where you live, or what your cultural background is, people get some pleasure from listening to their favorite music. ②However, some people are simply not capable of enjoying music. ③This is not because they can‘t experience pleasure at all. ④They don‘ have trouble hearing music properly, either. ⑤Instead, they‘re just indifferent to music. ⑥Researchers have conducted studies to find out why some people have no emotional reaction to music. ⑦However, despite their efforts, the mystery r emains.【难点点评】1）句②中，capable 意为“能干的”，与“of”连用“表示能……的”，注意“of”不要遗漏。
2018年12月大学英四级阅读试卷解析
2018年12月大学英四级阅读试卷解析2018年12月大学英四级阅读试卷解析Section A（空气污染篇）millions die early from air pollution each year. Air pollution costs the global economy more than $5 trillion annually in welfare costs, with the most serious 26__ occurring in the developing world. The figures include a number of costs 27__ with air pollution. Only considering lost income alone amounts to $225 billion a year.The report includes both indoor and outdoor air pollution. Indoor pollution, which includes28__ like home heating and cooking, has remain 29__over the past several decades despite advances in the area. Levels of outdoor pollution have grown rapidly along with rapid growth in industry and transportation. Director of Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation Chris Murray 30__ it a s an “urgent call to action.” “One of the risk factors for premature deaths is the air we breathe, over which individuals have little 31__,” he said.The effects of air pollution are worst in the developing world, where in some places lost labor income 32__ nearly 1% of GDP. Around 9 and 10 people in low and middle income countries live in places where they 33__ experience dangerous levels of outdoor air pollution.But the problem is not limited 34__ to the developing world. Thousands die prematurely in the U.S. as a result of related ailments. In many European countries, where diesel 35__ have become more common in recent years, that number reaches in the tens of thousands.题目解析：本次四级选词填空相比往年的难度并没有过多差异，单词的考察的还是不同词性用法以及词正确形式的使用。
英语专四考试阅读精粹试题
英语专四考试阅读精粹试题2018英语专四考试阅读精粹试题A hero is known in the time of misfortune.以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的2018英语专四考试阅读精粹试题，希望能给大家带来帮助!I have known very few writers, but those I have known, and whom I respected, confess at once that they have little idea where they are going when they first set pen to paper. They have a character, perhaps two; they are in that condition of eager discomfort which passes for inspiration; all admit radical changes of destination once the joumey has begun; one, to my certain knowledge, spent nine months on a novel about Kashmir, then reset the whole thing in the Scottish Highlands. I never heard of anyone making a "skeleton", as we were taught at school. In the breaking and remaking, in the timing, interweaving, beginning afresh, the writer comes to discern things in his material which were not consciously in his mind when he began.This organic process, often leading to moments of extraordinary self-discovery, is of an indescribable fascination. A blurred image appears, he adds a brushstroke and another, and it is gone; but something was there, and he will not rest till he has captured it. Sometimes the yeast within a writer outlives a book he has written. I have heard of writers who read nothing but their own books, like adolescents they stand before the mirror, and still cannot fathom the exact outline of the vision before them. For the same reason, writers talk interminably about their own books, winkling out hidden meanings, superimposing new ones, begging response from those around them.Of course a writer doing this is misunderstood: he might as well try to explain a crime or a love affair. He is also. Incidentally,an unforgivable bore. This temptation to cover the distance between himself and the reader, to study his image in the sight of those who do not know him, can be his undoing: he has begun to write to please.A young English writer made the pertinent observation a year or two back that the talent goes into the first draft, and the art into the drafts that follow. For this reason also the writer, like any other artist, has no resting place, no crowd or movement in which he may take comfort, no judgment from outside which can replace the judgment from within. A writer makes order out of the anarchy of his heart; he submits himself to a more ruthless discipline than any critic dreamed of, and when he flirts with fame, he is taking time off from living with himself, from the search for what his world contains at its inmost point.1. The writers that the author is familiar with confess that they wouldA. work out the ending of a novel in advance.B. follow the writing methods learned at school.C. remodel the main character in writing.D. make changes to the stories they first construct.2. According to the passage, the process of writingA. depends on skillful planning.B. is predictable and methodological.C. depends on the writers' experiences.D. is disorderly and unsystematic.3. The word "undoing" in the third paragraph probably suggestsA. success.B. happiness.C. failure.D. sorrow.4. According to the passage, the writer has no resting place becauseA. he is not clear about what he will write at the beginning.B. he should constantly edit his work to make it perfect.C. he has to face a lot of responses given by readers.D. he should add brushstrokes to the appearing blurred images.5. Which of the following statements about writers is TRUE according to the last paragraph?A. They have little ideas before they start writing.B. Their talent goes into all their drafts.C. It does harm to their writing when they flirt with fame.D. They try to increase communication with readers.【文章概要】第l段指出作家在写作前后，作品的内容往往可能发生极大的变化。
18专四真题及答案解析
18专四真题及答案解析
【导言】
专业英语四级（专四）考试是为了测试英语专业学生的英语听、说、读、写四项技能而设计的英语水平测试。
下面将针对专四真题进行分析和答案解析。
【正文】
本次专四真题主要涉及以下几个方面的内容：
1. 阅读理解
本次阅读理解中，涉及了关于环境污染、科技创新、政府政策等话题。
这些话题紧扣当下社会热点，考察考生对于相关知识的理解和分析能力。
在解答问题时，考生需要准确理解文章中的观点，并结合自身所学知识和常识进行回答。
2. 句子翻译
专四考试中的句子翻译部分要求考生将给定的句子从英文翻译成中文。
这一部分考查了考生对英文句子结构的理解和翻译的准确性。
对于考生来说，要注意避免直译、正确理解句子的上下文含义，并进行准确翻译。
3. 短文写作
专四考试的短文写作部分要求考生写一篇120-150个词的短文。
本次考题中，主题涉及到科技应用和环境保护。
考生需要明确主题，并以清晰、连贯的观点来展开论述。
写作时应注意语法和拼写错误，并尽量运用一些高级词汇和短语来提升文章的语言水平。
【结论】
通过对本次专四真题及答案解析的讨论，我们可以看出，专四考试更加注重考察学生的英语应用能力和分析能力。
在备考过程中，考生应注重对各个技能的练习，并且在紧迫感中保持良好的心态，以取得更好的成绩。
专四考试是考生英语能力的一次全面检验，只有脚踏实地的学习和努力，才能在这次考试中取得好成绩。
最后，祝愿所有参加专四考试的考生们都能取得满意的成绩！。
2018英语专四真题与参考答案解析
2018 英语专业四级考试真题及参考答案PART III LANGUAGE USAGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are fouroptions marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence oranswers the question. Mark hour answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.11.The Bent Pyramid outside Cairo __________ ancient Egypt ’s first attempt to builda smooth-sided pyramid.A. has been believed to havebeen B. was believed to beC. is believed to havebeen D. is believed tobe12.U.S. News ____________ rankings of colleges since 1983. They are a very popularresource for students looking to apply to university campus.A. maintainsB. ismaintaining C.maintainedD. has been maintaining13.H e was lured into a crime he would not ____________have committed.A.actuallyB.accidentallyC.otherwiseD.seldom14.She was once a young country wife with chickens in the backyard and a viewof_____________ mountains behind the appleorchard. A. blue hazy VirginiaB. hazy blueVirginia C.Virginia hazyblue D. Virginiablue hazy15.I long to alleviate __________, but I cannot.B.evilC.evilsD.an evil16.Indeed, it is arguable that body shattering is the very point of football, askilling and maiming ______________.A. warB. are warC. of warD. are ofwar17.At ____________, photography is a chemical process, during which a light-sensitive material is altered when exposed to light.A. its mostbasic B. itsbasicC. the most basicD. the basic18. She hired a lawyer to investigate, only to learn that Gabriel had removed her name fromthe deed. The infinitive verb phrase “only to learn ”is used __________.A. to express an intended purposeB. to indicate a high degree of possibilityC. to reveal an undesirable consequenceD. to dramatize a stated fact19.W hich of the following italicized words DOES NOT carry themetaphorical meaning? A. I wonder what ’s behind this change of plan.B. Jim turned to speak to the person standing behind him.C. This work should have been finished yesterday. I ’m getting terribly behind .D. I suppose I ’m lucky because my parents were behind me all the way.20. My mother was determined to help those in needand she would have been immenselyproud of what has been achieved these last 20 years. The italicized part in the sentenceexpresses _______.A. a hypothesisB. a suggestionC. a contradictionD. a surprise21. When t he police officers who took part in the King beating were first brought to___________, their lawyers used the videotape as evidence against the prosecution.A.justiceB.testimonyC.trialD.verdict22._________, the most controversial candidate in the election campaign, hehas beenstrongly criticized for his crude comments about women.A.QuestionablyB.ArguablyC.ContentiouslyD.Debatably23.P rices have recently risen in order to __________ the increased cost ofraw materials. A. cutB. buoyC.offer D.offset24.The celebrity says in court papers she“has no __________ of giving any authorization to anyone to proceed with a divorce. ”A.recommendationB.recordingC.recollectionD.recognition25.What actually __________ a good angle —or a good selfieoverall—is rooted in whatwe consider beautiful.A. consistsB. constitutesC. composesD. constructs26.The school is going the ________ mile to create the next generation of sporting stars thanks to its unique development program.A.final B.furtherC.supplementaryD. extra27.The teachers ’union _________ a lawsuit against the district calling forrepairing“deplorable ”school conditions.A.firedB.filedC.finedD.filledst March the __________ of a 19 th century cargo ship was found by an underwater archaeological team.A. debrisB.ruinsC.remainsD.wreck29.S he ’s worn his designs on __________ occasions from red carpets to movie premieres. A. countlessB.countableC.numericalD. numeral30.A leading ___________ intelligence and operations company has releasedits analysis of worldwide reported incidents of piracy and crime against mariners.A.oceangoing B.oceanic C.marineD. maritimePART IV CLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blank. The words can be used ONCE ONLY. Mark the letter for each word on ANSWER SHEET.A. accompaniesB. automaticallyF. kindG. mannerK. renowned L. subscribeC. coupleH.mercifullyM. unknownD.goesI. oneN.virtueE. indebtednessJ. obeyO. widespreadA Few years ago, a university professor tried a little experiment. He sentChristmas cards to a sample of perfect strangers. Although he expected somereaction, the response he received was amazing —holiday cards addressed to him came pouring back from the people who had never met nor heard of him. Thegreat majority of those who returned a card never inquired into the identity of theunknown professor. They received his holiday greeting card, and they automatically sent one in return. This study shows the action of one of the mostpowerful of the weapons of influence around us —the rule for reciprocation. Therule says that we should try to repay, in kind, what another person has providedus. If a woman does us a favor, we should do her one in return; if a man sends usa birthday present, we should remember his birthday with a gift of our own; if acouple invites us to a party, we should be sure to invite them to one of ours. Byvirtueof the reciprocity rule, then, we are obligated to the future repayment offavors, gifts,invitations, and the like. Sotypicalisit for indebtedness toaccompany the receipt of such things that a term like “much obliged ”has becomea synonym for “thank you, ”not only in the English language but in others as well.The impressive aspect of the rule for reciprocation and the sense of obligation that goes with it is its pervasiveness in human culture. It is so widespread that after intensive study, sociologists such as Alvin Goldener can report that there is no human society that does not subscribe to the rule.PART V READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple choice questions. Foreach multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C andD.Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWERSHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE（1）The earliest settlers came to the North American continent toestablish colonies that were free from the controls that existed in Europeansocieties. They wanted to escape the controls placed on their lives by kingsand governments, priests and churches, noblemen and aristocrats. The historicdecisions made by those first settlers have had a profound effect onthe shaping of the American character. By limiting the power of the government and thechurches and eliminating a formal aristocracy, they created a climate of freedom wheretheemphasis was on the individual. Individual freedom is probably the most basic of allthe American values. By freedom, Americans mean the desire and the ability of allindividuals tocontrol their own destiny without outside interference from the government, a rulingnoble class, the church, or any other organized authority.(2)There is, however, a price to be paid for this individual freedom: self-reliance. It means that Americans believe they should stand on their own feet,achieving both financialand emotional independence from their parents as early as possible, usually by age 18 or 21.(3) A second important reason why immigrants have traditionally been drawn to the United States is the belief that everyone has a equal chance to enter a race andsucceed inthe game. Because titles of nobility were forbidden in the Constitution, no formal class systemdeveloped in the U.S.(4)There is, however, a price to be paid for this equality ofopportunity: competition. If much of life is seen as race, then a personmust run the race in order to succeed; a person must compete with others.The pressures of competition in the life of an American begin in childhoodand continue until retirement from work. In fact, any group of people whodoes not compete successfully does not fit into the mainstream of Americanlife as well as those who do.(5) A third reason whyimmigrantshavetraditionally come to the UnitedStatesis tohave a better life. Because of its abundant natural resources, the United States appeared tobe a “land of plenty where millions could come to seek theirfortunes. The phrase“goingfromrags to riches ”became a slogan for the American dream. Many people did achieve materialsuccess. Material wealthbecamea value to theAmerican people, anditalso became anaccepted measure of socialstatus.(6) Americans pay a price, however, for their material wealth: hard work.Hard work hasbeen both necessary andrewardingfor mostAmericansthroughouttheir history.In someways, material possessions are seen as evidence of people ’s abilities. Barry Goldwater, acandidat e for the presidencyin1964, said that most poorpeople arepoorbecause theydeserve to be. Most Americans would find this a harsh statement, but many might think therewas some truth in it.(7)These basic values do not tell the whole story of the American character. Rather, they should be thought of as themes, as we continue toexplore more facets of the American character and how it affects life in the United States.41. Para.4 seems to suggest that __________.A. Americans are born with a sense of competitionB. the pressure of competition begins when one starts workC. successful competition is essential in American societyD. competition results in equality of opportunities42.Which of the following methods does the author mainly use in explaining Americanvalues?A. ComparisonD. Cause and effectC.DefinitionD.Process analysisPASSAGE TWO(1) The Nobels are the originals, of course. Alfred Nobel, the man who invented deadlyexplosives, decided to try and do something good with all the money he earned, and gaveprizes to people who made progress in literature, science, economics and — perhaps mostimportantly — peace.(2) Not all rewards are as noble as the Nobels. Even though mostcountries have asystem of recognizing, honoring and rewarding people who have done something good intheir countries, there are now hundreds of awards and award ceremonies for all kindsofthings.(3)The Oscars are probably t he most famous, a time for the (mostly) Americanfilmindustry to tell itself how good it is and an annual opportunity for lots of big stars to give eachother awards and make tearful speeches. As well as that there are also the Golden Globes,evidently for the same thing.(4) But it ’s not only films---there are also Grammies, Brits, the Mercury Prize and theMTV for music. In Britain, a writer who wins the Booker Prize can expectto see theirdifficult,literary novel hit the bestseller lists and compete with the Da Vinci Code for popularity. TheTurner Prize is an award for British contemporary artists — each year it causes controversy byapparently givinglotsof moneytoartists who dothingslikedisplayingtheir beds, puttinganimals in glass cases or — this year — building a garden shed.(5) Awards don ’t onlyexistforarts.There are now awards for Sports Personalityof the Year, forEuropeanFootballerof theYear and WorldFootballer ofthe Year.Thisseems very strange —sometimes awards can be good togiverecognition to people whodeserve it,ortohelp people whodon ’t make alotof moneycarry ontheir work withoutworrying about finances, but professionalsoccer players these dayscertainly aren ’tshort ofcash!(6)Many small towns and communities all over the world also have their own awardceremonies, for local writers or artists, or just for people who have graduated fromhighschool or, got a university degree. Even the British Council has its own awards for “Innovation in English Language Teaching ”.(7)Why have all these awards and ceremonies appeared recently?Shakespeare never won a prize, nor did Leonardo Da Vinci or Adam Smith orCharles Dickens.(8) It would be possible to say, however, that in the past,scientists and artists couldwin “patronage ”form rich people — a king or a lord would give the artists or scientists moneyto have them paint their palaces or help them develop new ways of making money. With thechange in social systems across the world, this no longer happens. A lot of scientificresearchis now either funded by the state or by private companies.(9)Perhaps award ceremonies are just the most recent phase of this process.(10) However, there is more to it than that. When a film wins anOscar, manymore people will go and see it, or buy the DVD. When a writer wins the Nobel Prize, manymore people buy their books. When a group wins the MTV awards, the ceremony is seen byhundreds of thousands of people across the world. The result? The group sells lots morerecords.(11)Most award ceremonies are now sponsored by big organizations or companies. Thismeans that it is not only the person who wins the award who benefits---but also the sponsors.The MTV awards, for example, are great for publicizing not only music, but also MTV itself!(12) On the surface, it seems to be a “Win-win”situation, with everyone being happy, butlet me ask you a question — how far do you think that publicity and marketing arewinninghere, and how much genuine recognition of achievement is taking place?43. What is the author ’s tone when he mentions awards such as theOscars, the GoldenGlobes and Grammies (Paras. 3 & 4)A.Amused.B.Appreciative.C.Sarcastic.D.Serious.44.A ccording to Para. 4, what would happen to award winning writers?A. They would enjoy a much larger readership.B. They would turn to popular novel writing.C. They would continue non-fiction writing.D. They would try controversial forms of art.45.W hich of the following statements best sums up Para. 6?A.Awards ceremonies are held for local people.B.Awards ceremonies are held on important occasions.C.Awards ceremonies are held in certain professions.D.Awards ceremonies are held for all sorts of reasons.46.A ccording to Para. 8, one difference between scientists and artists inthe past and those at present lies in_____________.A.nature of workB.personal contactC.source of fundingD.social status47.I t can be concluded from Para. 12 that the author thinks awards ________.A.promote market rather than achievementsB.do good to both market and popularityC.help those who are really talentedD.are effective in making people popularPASSAGE THREE(1) Knowing that Mrs.Mallardsufferedfrom ahearttrouble,great care wastakentobreak to her as gently as possible the news of herhusband’s death.(2) It was her sister Josephine who told her, in broken sentences. Herhusband Richards was there, too. It was he who had been in the newspaperoffice when news of the’s friendrailroad disaster was received, with Brently Mallard ’s nameleading the list of“killed ”. He had only taken the time to assure himself of its truth by a second telegram.(3)She wept at once, in her sister ’s arms. When the storm of sadnesshad spent itself she went away to her room alone. She would have no one followher.(4)There stood, facing the open window, a comfortable armchair. Into this shesank, pressed down by a physical exhaustion that haunted her body and seemed to reachinto hersoul.(5)She could see in the open square before her house the tops of trees. The deliciousbreath of rain was in the air. The notes of a distant song which someone was singing reachedher, and countless sparrows were twittering in the eaves).(6)There were patches of blue sky showing here and there through theclouds that had met and piled above the other in the west facing her window.(7)She sat with her head thrown back upon the cushion of the chair,quite motionless, except when a sob came up into her throat and shook her,as a child who has cried itself to sleep continues to sob in its dreams.(8)She was young, with a fair, calm face, whose lines bespoke repression and even a certain strength. But now there was a dull stare in her eyes, whose gaze was fixed away offyonder on one of those patches of blue sky. It was not a glance of reflection, butrather indicated a suspension of intelligent thought.(9)There was something coming to her and she was waiting for it,fearfully. What was it? She did not know; it was too subtle and elusive to name.But she felt it, creeping out of the sky, reaching toward her through thesounds, the scents, the color that filled the air.(10)Now her bosom rose and fell tumultuously. She was beginning to recognize thisthing that was approaching to possess her, and she was striving to beat it back withher will-as powerless as her two white slender hands would have been.(11)When she abandoned herself a little whispered word escaped her slightly parted lips.She said it over and over under her breath: "Free, free, free!" The vacant stare and the lookofterror that had followed it went from her eyes. They stayed keen and bright. Her pulses beat fast, and the coursing blood warmed and relaxed every inch of her body.(12)She knew that she would weep again when she saw the kind, tenderhands folded in death; the face that had never looked save with love upon her,fixed and gray and dead. But she saw beyond that bitter moment a longprocession of years to come that would belong to her absolutely. And sheopened and spread her arms out to them in welcome.(13)There would be no one to live for her during those coming years;she would live for herself. There would be no powerful will bending her inthat blind persistence with which men and women believe they have a right toimpose a private will upon a fellow-creature.(14)And yet she had loved him-sometimes. Often she had not. What didit matter! What could love, the unsolved mystery, count for in face of thispossession of self-assertion, which she suddenly recognized as the strongest impulse of her being!(15)“Free! Body and soul free! ”she kept whispering.(16)Josephine was kneeling before the closed door with her lips to the keyhole, imploring for admission. "Louise, open the door! I beg; open the door-you will make yourself ill.What are you doing, Louise? For heaven's sake open the door."(17) "Go away. I am not making myself ill." No; she was drinking in a very elixir( 长生不老药) of life through that open window.(18)Her fancy was running riot along those days ahead of her. Springdays, and summer days, and all sorts of days that would be her own. Shebreathed a quick prayer that life might be long. It was only yesterday she hadthought with a shudder that life might be long.(19)She arose at length and opened the door to her sister'simportunities. There was a feverish triumph in her eyes, and she carriedherself unwittingly like a goddess of Victory. She clasped her sister's waist,and together they descended the stairs. Richards stood waiting for them atthe bottom.(20)Some one was opening the front door with a latchkey. It wasBrently Mallard who entered, a little travel-stained, composedly carrying hisgripsack and umbrella. He had been far from the scene of accident, and didnot even know there had been one. He stood amazed at Josephine's piercing cry;at Richards' quick motion to screen him from the view of his wife.(21)But Richards was too late.(22)When the doctors came they said she had died of heart disease-of joy that kills.48. How did Mrs Mallard get t he news of her husband ’s death?A. Her husband ’s friend told her.B. She had read it from the paper.C. Her sister Josephine told her.D. Her doctor broke the news to her.49.W hen Mrs Mallard was alone in her room, she ___________.A.sat in an armchair all the timeB.sat with her back facing the windowC.sat and then walked around for whileD. sat in a chair and cried all the time.50.H ow did she feel about her love towards her husband?A.She hated her husband.B.She was indifferent now.C.She found it hard to describe.D.She had loved him all along.SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A.Answer the questions with NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE51.Of all the values mentioned in the passage, which one is regarded as the mostfundamental?Individual freedom.PASSAGE TWO52.What can be inferred from the sentence “Not all awards are as noble as theNobels. ”according to Para. 2?The author doubts the significance of some awards.53.What conclusion can be drawn fromPara. 5?The author thinks it unreasonable to award rich people.PASSAGE THREE54.W hat was Mrs Mallard ’s mood when she was left alone inthe room? Secret joy over the expectation of future freedom.55. The doctors said that Mrs Mallard died of heart disease — of joy that kills. What do youthink is the real cause of her death?Fright and disillusionment at the sight of her “dead ”husband.PART VI WRITING(略 )您好，欢迎您阅读我的文章，本WORD 文档可编辑修改，也可以直接打印。
2018年英语专业四级真题解析
2018年英语专业四级考试真题答案与解析PART I DICTATIONEmotional Reaction to MusicNo matter who you are,where you live,/or what your cultural background is,/people get some pleasure from listening to their favorite music./However,some people are simply not capable of enjoying music./This is not because they can’t experience pleasure at all./They don’t have trouble hearing music properly,either./ Instead,they’re just indifferent to music./Researchers have conducted studies to find out/why some people have no emotional reaction to music./However,despite their efforts,the mystery remains.音乐的情绪反应无论是何身份，住处，或者文化背景，人们听到喜欢的音乐都会心情舒畅。
然而，有些人就是没办法欣赏音乐。
这并不是因为他们完全不能体会快乐，也不是因为不能听音乐。
而是他们对音乐不敏感。
研究者们做了很多研究，想要探究为什么有些人对音乐不能产生情感上的反应。
然而，无论他们做多少工作，还是解不开谜团。
PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A Talk1.seven2.sounds3.cognitive4.a sound changes5.six-month-old6.discriminate the sounds7.their first birthdays/one year old8.totally equivalent9.quite/obviously different10.taking statistics听力原文The Linguistic Gift of BabiesGood morning,everyone.In today’s lecture,I’m going to talk about something you can’t see.That is,what’s going on in the little brain of a baby.For example,how babies learn a language.It is always a question people show great interest in.Babies and children are geniuses until they turn seven,and then there’s a systematic decline.Work in my lab is focused on the first critical period in development,and that is the period in which babies try to master which sounds are used in their language.We think,by studying how the sounds are learned,we’ll have a model for the rest of language,and perhaps for critical periods that may exist in childhood for social, emotional and cognitive development.So we’ve been studying the babies by conducting an experiment.During our experiment,the baby,usually a six-monther,sits on a parent’s lap,and we train them to turn their heads when a sound changes—like from“ah”to“ee”.If they do so at the appropriate time,the black box lights up and a panda bear pounds a drum.What have we learned?Well,babies all over the world are what I like to describe as“citizens of the world”. They can discriminate all the sounds of all languages,no matter what country we’re testing and what language we’re using,and that’s remarkable because you know,I can’t do that.We’re culture-bound listeners.We can discriminate the sounds of our own language,but not those of foreign languages.So the question arises:When do those citizens of the world turn into the language-bound listeners that we are?And the answer:before their first birthdays.What you see here is performance on that head-turn task for babies tested in Tokyo and the United States,here in Seattle,as they listened to the“ra”and“la”—sounds important to English,but not to Japanese.So at six to eight months,the babies are totally equivalent.Two months later,something,something incredible occurs.The babies in the United States are getting a lot better while babies in Japan are getting a lot worse.So the question is:What’s happening during this critical two-month period?We know this is the critical period for sound development,but what’s going on up there?Maybe there are two things going on.The first is that the babies are listening intently to us,and they’re taking statistics as they listen to us talk—they’re taking statistics.That is to say,the two babies listen to their own mother speaking motherese—the universal language we use when we talk to kids.During the production of speech,when babies listen,what they’re doing is taking statistics,that is,sound distribution on the language that they hear.And those sound distributions grow and babies absorb more.And what we’ve learned is that babies are sensitive to the statistics,and the statistics of Japanese and English are very,very different.I mean,the sound distribution of both languages is different.So babies absorb the statistics of the language and it changes their brains;it changes them from the citizens of the world to the culture-bound listeners that we are because we as adults are no longer absorbing those statistics.In this case,of course,we’re arguing that the learning of language material may slow down when our distribution stabilizes.OK.Today,we just talked about a recent project on babies’language development.In our next lecture,we will concentrate on bilingual people,how bilinguals keep two sets of statistics in mind at once.听力翻译婴儿的语言天赋大家早上好。
2018年6月大学英语四级阅读理解真题答案解析
2018年6月大学英语四级阅读理解真题答案解析A letter written by Charles Darwin in 1875 has been returned to the Smithsonian Institution Archives（档案馆）by the FBI after being stolen twice.“We realized in the mid-1970s that it was missing,” says Effie Kapsalis, head of the Smithsonian Institution Archives. “It was noted as missing and likely taken by an intern, from what the FBI is telling us. Word got out that it was missing when someone asked to see the l etter for research purposes,” and the intern put the letter back. “The intern likely took the letter again once nobody was watching it.”Decades passed. Finally the FBI received a tip that the stolen document was located very close to Washington, D.C. Their art crime team recovered the letter but were unable to press charges because the time of limitations had ended. The FBI worked closely with the Archives to determine that the letter was both authentic and definitely Smithsonian’s property.The letter was written by Darwin to thank an American geologist, Dr. Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden, for sending him copies of his research into the geology of the region that would become Yellowstone National Park.The letter is in fairly good condition, in spite of being out of the care of trained museum staff for so long.“It was luckily in good shape,” says Kapsalis,“ and we just have to do some minor things in order to be able to unfold it. It has some glue on it that has colored it slightly, but nothing that will prevent us from using it. After it is repaired, we will take digital photos of it and that will be available online. One of our goals is to get items of high research value or interest to the public online.”It would now be difficult for an intern, visitor or a thief to steal a document like this. “Archiving practices have changed greatly since the 1970s,”says Kapsalis. “and we keep our high value documents in a safe that I don’t even have access to.”51.What happened to Darwin’s letter in the 1970s?A. It was recovered by the FBI.B. It was stolen more than once.C. It was put in the archives for research purposes.D. It was purchased by the Smithsonian Archives.52. What did the FBI do after the recovery of the letter?A. They proved its authenticity.B. They kept it in a special safe.C. They arrested the suspect immediately.D. They pressed criminal charges in vain.53.What is Darwin’s letter about?A. The evolution of Yellowstone National Park.B. His cooperation with an American geologist.C. Some geological evidence supporting his theory.D. His acknowledgement of help from a professional.54. What will the Smithsonian Institution Archives do with the letter according to Kapsalis?A. Reserve it for research purposes only.B. Turn it into an object of high interest.C. Keep it a permanent secret.D. Make it available online.55.What has the past half century witnessed according to Kapsalis?A. Growing interest in rare art objects.B. Radical changes in archiving practices.C. Recovery of various missing documents.D. Increases in the value of museum exhibits.51. B. It was stolen more than once. 根据文章第一段being stolen twice可以得知Darwin的信件被偷了一次以上。
18年专四真题答案解析
18年专四真题答案解析20在备考专业四级考试时，解析往年真题是提升分数的有效方法之一。
本文将就2018年专业四级考试的真题进行解析，帮助考生更好地了解考试内容和提高备考效果。
第一部分：阅读理解阅读理解是专业四级考试的重点部分之一，也是考生们常常遇到的难点。
2018年的真题中，阅读理解包括两篇文章，分别是一篇关于环境保护的报道和一篇关于流行文化的分析。
对于环境保护的报道，文章主要讲述了全球气候变暖的问题以及相应的应对措施。
考生需要仔细阅读文章，理解其中的关键信息，如全球变暖的原因、影响以及各国政府采取的措施等。
在解答问题时，要注意抓住问题的关键词，并结合文章中的具体信息进行推断判断。
而关于流行文化的分析，则主要围绕着年轻人喜好的音乐、电影和时尚等话题展开。
文章提到了流行文化在年轻人生活中的重要性，并探讨了世界各地的流行文化差异。
对于这篇文章，考生需要关注并分析其中的观点和论证，理解作者借助流行文化来表达自己的态度和观点。
第二部分：完成句子完成句子题在专业四级考试中是考查考生对英语词汇和语法的理解以及能力运用的题型。
2018年真题中的完成句子部分，涉及了各种专业领域的词汇和表达方式。
考生在做这部分题目时，要注意上下文的语境和句子结构的一致性。
通过理解句子中的关键词和短语，考生可以推测出合适的单词或短语填空。
此外，考生也应该注意解析句子中的语法结构，以确保填入的单词或短语与句子的语法要求相符。
第三部分：写作写作部分是专业四级考试中的开放性题目，要求考生根据所给的提示和材料，用英语写一篇短文。
2018年的真题中，写作题目是关于大学生创业的讨论。
考生在写作时需要注意以下几点。
首先，要明确自己的观点和立场，是否支持大学生创业，以及为什么。
然后，要在文章中提供相关的论据和例子来支持自己的观点。
此外，还要注意写作的逻辑和结构，确保文章的连贯性和条理性。
结语通过对2018年专业四级考试真题的解析，我们可以发现，这次考试重视对当前热点问题的理解和思考。
2018英语专四阅读练习及答案汇总
2018 英语专四阅读练习及答案汇总应届毕业生网小编为大家整理了2018 英语专四阅读练习及答案5篇汇总，供各位考生参考。
成长与家庭危机Parents are often upset when their children praise the homes of their friends and regard it as a slur (诋毁) on their own cooking, or cleaning, or furniture, and often are foolish enough to let the adolescents see that they are annoyed. They may even accuse them of disloyalty, or make some spiteful remark about the friends' parents. Such a loss of dignity and descent into childish behavior on the part of the adults deeply shocks the adolescents, and makes them resolve that in future they will not talk to their parents about the place or people they visit. Before very long the parents will be complaining that the child is so secretive and never tells them anything, but they seldom realize that they have brought this on themselves.Disillusionment with the parents, however good and adequate they may be both as parents and as individuals, is to some degree inevitable. Most children have such a high ideal of their parents, unless the parents themselves have been unsatisfactory, that it can, hardly hope to stand up to a realistic evaluation. Parents would be greatly surprised and deeply touched if they realized how much belief their children usually have in their character and infallibility, and how much this faith means to a child. If parents were prepared for this adolescent reaction, and realized that it was a sign that the child was growing up and developing valuable powers of observation and independent judgment they would not be so hurt, and therefore would not drive the child into opposition by resenting and resisting it.。
2018年12月阅读第一套答案解析
2018年12月英语四级选词填空答案：26. F damage (损害)27. B associated (与……有联系)28. M sources (来源)29. D constant (不断的，常存在的)30. G described (描述)31. E control (控制)32. H equals (等同于)33. K regularly (经常地)34. I exclusively (仅仅，唯一地)35. O vehicles (车辆)2018年12月英语四级选词填空答案解析：26. F damage空格所在句子的含义为：空气污染每年在福利费用方面给全球经济造成5万多亿损失，最大的... ...发生在发展中国家。
根据上下文可知这里应该填入一个跟损失有关联的词汇，另外在语法上这里应该填入一个名词被devastating，“具有破坏力的”修饰，所以我们应该可以确定答案为damage，“损害”n.27. B associated空格所在句子的含义为：这个福利数字包含许多与空气污染... ...的福利费用，比如健康与消费。
根据语法上判断，这里应该填入一个过去分词做costs 的后置定语，另外从语义上判断，associated with air pollution做cost的后置定语，表示与空气污染相关的费用，语义上也符合上下文语境。
28. M sources空格所在的句子的含义为：室内污染，包括像暖气和做饭一样的... ...。
从语法上判断这里应该填入名词，并且这个名词是一个大范围的词可以包括暖气和做饭，另外从语义上判断sources like home heating and cooking 表示像暖气和做饭一样的来源也符合上下文语境。
29. D constant空格所在句子的句子，是28空所在句子的下半句，含义为：室内污染，包括像暖气和做饭一样的来源，在过去的几十年间... ...，尽管室内污染这个区域取得了一些进步。
专四考试阅读题型解析
专四考试阅读题型解析2018年专四考试阅读题型解析perseverance is falling nineteen times and succeeding the twentieth. 以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的2018年专四考试阅读题型解析，希望对正在关注的您有所帮助!A wise man once said that the only thing necessary for the triumph of evil is for good men to do nothing. So, as a police officer, I have some urgent things to say to good people.Day after day my men and I struggle to hold back a tidal wave of crime. Something has gone terribly wrong with our once-proud American way of life. It has happened in the area of values.A key ingredient is disappearing, and I think I know what it is: accountability (责任感).My job as a police pfficer is to impose accountability on people who refuse, or have never learned, to impose it on themselves. But as every policeman knows, external control on people's behavior is far less effective than internal restraints such as guilt, shame and embarrassment.Fortunately there are still communities—smaller towns, usually—where schools maintain discipline and where parents hold up standards that proclaim:"In this family certain things are not tolerated—they simply are not done!"Yet more and more, especially in our large cities and suburbs, these inner restraints are loosening. Your typical robber has none. He considers your property his property; he takes what he wants, including your life if you enrage him.The main cause of this break-down is a radical shift in attitudes. Thirty years ago, if a crime was committed, society wasconsidered the victim. Now, in a shocking reversal, it's the criminal who is considered victimized: by his underprivileged upbringing, by the school that didn't teach him to read, by the church that failed to reach him with moral guidance, by the parents who didn't provide a stable home.I don't believe it. Many others in equally disadvantaged circumstances choose not to engage in criminal activities. If we free the criminal, even partly, from accountability, we become a society of endless excuses where no one accepts responsibility for anything.Americans desperately need more people who believe that the person who commits a crime is the one responsible for it.1. What the wise man said suggests that______.A. it's certain that evil will prevail if good men do nothing about itB. it's unnecessary for good people to do anything in face of evilC. it's only natural for virtue to defeat evilD. it's desirable for good men to keep away from evil2. According to the author, if a person is found guilty of a crime, ______.A. society is to be held responsibleB. modern civilization is responsible for itC. the standards of living should be improvedD. the criminal himself should bear the blame3. Compared with those in small towns, people in large cities haveA. better sense of disciplineB. more mutual respectC. less effective governmentD. less self-discipline4. The writer is sorry to have noticed that______.A. people in large cities tend to excuse criminalsB. people in small towns still stick to old discipline and standardsC. today's society lacks sympathy for people in difficultyD. people in disadvantaged circumstances are engaged in criminal activities5. The key point of the passage is thatA. stricter discipline should be maintained in schools and familiesB. more good examples should be set for people to followC. more people should accept the value of accountabilityD. more restrictions should be imposed on people参考答案1. A2. D3. D4. A5. C。
2018年英语专四真题和参考答案与解析
2018年英语专四真题和参考答案与解析精品⽂档2018英语专业四级考试真题及参考答案PART III LANGUAGE USAGEfour each sentence there are in There are twenty sentences this section. Beneathanswers sentence or the and D. Choose one that best completes the B, options marked A, Cthe question. Mark hour answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.build s first attempt to 'Cairo The 11. Bent Pyramid outside __________ ancient Egypta smooth-sided pyramid.A. has been believed to have beenB. was believed to beC. is believed to have beenD. is believed to be12. U.S. News ____________ rankings of colleges since 1983. They are a very popularresource for students looking to apply to university campus.A. maintainsB. is maintainingC. maintainedD. has been maintaining13. He was lured into a crime he would not ____________have committed.A. actuallyB. accidentallyC. otherwiseD. seldom14. She was once a young country wife with chickens in the backyard anda view of_____________ mountains behind the apple orchard.A. blue hazy VirginiaB. hazy blue VirginiaC. Virginia hazy blueD. Virginia blue hazy.精品⽂档15. I long to alleviate __________, but I cannot.A. the evilB. evilC. evilsD. an evilkilling very point of football, as body 16. Indeed, it is arguable that shattering is theand maiming ______________.A. warB. are warC. of warD. are of warlight-sensitive a during which process, 17. At ____________, photography is a chemicalmaterial is altered when exposed to light.A. its most basicB. its basicC. the most basicD. the basicname her had only to learn that Gabriel removed lawyer 18. She hired a to investigate,”only to learn is used __________. “from the deed. The infinitive verb phraseA. to express an intended purposeB. to indicate a high degree of possibilityC. to reveal an undesirable consequenceD. to dramatize a stated fact19. Which of the following italicized words DOES NOT carry the metaphorical meaning?behind this change of plan.'s A. I wonder what behind him.B. Jim turned to speak to the person standingbehind. m getting terribly C. This work should have been finished yesterday. I'behind me all the way. 'm lucky because my parents were D. I suppose Iwould have been immensely20. My mother was determined to help those in need and she.精品⽂档sentence in the these been achieved last 20 years. The italicized part what proud of hasexpresses _______.A. a hypothesisB. a suggestionC. a contradictionD. a surprise21. When the police officers who took part in the King beating were first brought to___________, their lawyers used the videotape as evidence against the prosecution.A. justiceB. testimonyC. trialD. verdict22._________, the most controversial candidate in the election campaign, he has beenstrongly criticized for his crude comments about women.A. QuestionablyB. ArguablyC. ContentiouslyD. Debatably23. Prices have recently risen in order to __________ the increased cost of rawmaterials.A. cutB. buoyC. offerD. offsetany giving __________ “has no of she court says The 24. celebrity in papers authorization to anyone to proceed with a divorce.”A. recommendationB. recordingC. recollectionD. recognition.精品⽂档is rooted in —25.What actually __________ a good angle — or a good selfie overallwhat we consider beautiful.A. consistsB. constitutesC. composesD. constructs26. The school is going the ________ mile to create the next generation of sportingstars thanks to its unique development program.A. finalB. furtherC. supplementaryD. extrarepairing calling for lawsuit union _________ a against the district 27. The teachers' school conditions. ”deplorable“A. firedB. filedC. finedD. filledth century cargo ship was found by an underwater 28. Last March the__________ of a 19archaeological team.A. debrisB. ruinsC. remainsD. wreckpremieres. to movie carpets from __________ designs worn '29. Shes his on occasions redA. countlessB. countableC. numericalD. numeral.精品⽂档analysis released its and operations company has 30. A leading ___________ intelligenceof worldwide reported incidents of piracy and crime against mariners.A. oceangoingB. oceanicC. marineD. maritimePART IV CLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passageif inserted in the corresponding blank. The words can be used ONCE ONLY. Mark the letterfor each word on ANSWER SHEET.A Few years ago, a university professor tried a little experiment. Hesent Christmas cards to a sample of perfect strangers. Although he expectedsome reaction, the response he received was amazing—holidaycards addressedto him came pouring back from the people who had never met nor heard of him.The great majority of those who returned a card never inquiredinto theidentity of the unknown professor. They received his holidaygreeting card,and they automatically sent one in return. This study shows the action ofone of the most powerful of the weapons of influence aroundus—the rulefor reciprocation. The rule says that we should try to repay, in kind, whatanother person has provided us. If a woman does us a favor,we should doher one in return; if a man sends us a birthday present, weshould rememberhis birthday with a gift of our own; if a couple invites usto a party, weshould be sure to invite them to one of ours. By virtue of the reciprocityrule, then, we are obligated to the future repayment of favors, gifts,invitations, and the like. So typical is it for indebtedness to accompany.精品⽂档the receipt of such things that a term like “much obliged”has become asynonym for “thank you,” not only in the English languagebut in othersas well.The impressive aspect of the rule for reciprocation and the sense ofobligation that goes with it is its pervasiveness in human culture. It iswidespread that after intensive study, sociologists such as so AlvinGoldener can report that there is no human society that does not subscribeto the rule.PART V READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple choice questions.For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE（1）The earliest settlers came to the North American continent to establishcolonies that were free from the controls that existed in European societies. Theywanted to escape the controls placed on their lives by kings and governments, priestsand churches, noblemen and aristocrats. The historic decisions made by those firstsettlers have had a profound effect on the shaping of the American character. By limitingthe power of the government and the churches and eliminating a formal aristocracy, theycreated a climate of freedom where the emphasis was on the individual. Individualfreedom is probably the most basic of all the American values. By freedom, Americansmean the desire and the ability of all individuals to control their own destiny withoutoutside interference from the government, a ruling noble class, the church, or any otherorganized authority.(2) There is, however, a price to be paid for this individual freedom: self-reliance. It means that Americans believe they should stand on their own feet,achieving both financial and emotional independence from their parents as early as.精品⽂档possible, usually by age 18 or 21.the drawn to have traditionally been A second important reason why immigrants (3)succeed and enter a race everyone has a equal chance to United States is the belief thatformal were forbidden in the Constitution, no in the game. Because titles of nobilityclass system developed in the U.S.(4) There is, however, a price to be paid for this equality of opportunity:person must run the race in order race, then a of life is seen as competition. If muchlife the competition in with others. The pressures of to succeed; a person。
2018年6月英语四级真题答案解析(卷一)
since it is a way of checking if you have completely understood.
enhancement 提高，改进
⑧ Above all, reading has great benefits that can help you learn the cultural awareness 文化意识
作为获取原始材料最常使用的方式，阅读一直被认为是语言学习中最重要的部分之一。它能够促进词汇的拓展、 语法的提高以及社会和文化意识的积累。这也正好解释了为什么应该高度重视阅读技能。
为了提高你的阅读能力，以下有几点建议。首先，在开始阅读之前先快速浏览材料。不管你的阅读目的是什么， 用几分钟来整体把握文章的结构和呈现方式。其次，当遇到不认识的词汇时先不要急于查词典。相反，试着根据语 境猜测词义。最后同样重要的是，写一些句子来总结你读过的内容，因为这也是检验你是否完全读懂的一个方法。
enhancement of grammar, and accumulation of social and cultural ④引出下文：提高阅读能力有几点建议。
awareness. ③ This also explains the reason why reading skills should be ⑤⑥⑦分别用 First of all、Secondly、Last but
try not to reach for the dictionary when you come across a word you don’t
know. Instead, try to guess the meaning of the word based on the context. 加分两点 ⑦Last but not least, write a few sentences to summarize what you’ve read frequently 频繁地
2018年英语专业四级真题及答案解析
2018年英语专业四级真题及答案解析(1/1)PART I DICTATIONDirections: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work.Play00:0007:40Volume__________下一题(1~10/共10题)PART ⅡLISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A TALKIn this section you will hear a talk.You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY.While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap.Make sure what you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable.You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the talk.When it is over, you will be given TWO minutes to check your work. Play00:0004:19VolumeⅠ. Critical ageDecline of babies´ language learning ability occurs at the age of__1__.Ⅱ. Lab work1. Research focus:How babies learn __2__ in the first critical period2. Research aims:developing a model for babies in their critical periods of-language acquisition-social, emotional and __3__ development3. Research process:Babies need to listen.They are trained to turn their heads when __4__.A panda bear pounds a drum if babies are correct.4. Participants:__5__ babies5. Results:Babies can __6__ of all languages.Babies become language-bound before __7__.-sound reaction between American and Japanese babies-6 to 8 months old: __8__-two months later: __9__Two events during the critical two months-__10__when listening to a language-change of babies´ brains when distributions growⅢ. ConclusionLanguage learning may slow down when sound distributions become stable.第1题第2题第3题第4题第5题第6题第7题第8题第9题第10题上一题下一题(11~15/共10题)SECTION B CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear two conversations.At the end of each conversation, five questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY.After each question there will be a ten-second pause.During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions.Now listen to the conversations.Play00:0004:04Volume第11题A.Many foreign languages are spoken in Britain.B.Everyone in Britain can speak a foreign language.C.The British are unable to speak a foreign language.D.The British can survive on their mother tongue.第12题A.Chinese.B.Polish.C.Punjabi.D.Urdu.第13题A.To help improve international trade.B.To allow a speaker to hold a simple talk.C.To improve the education system.D.To encourage learning another language.第14题A.It gives you self-satisfaction.B.It makes you more confident.C.It gives you an advantage.D.It makes you work hard.第15题A.Workmates.B.Schoolmates.C.Teacher and student.D.Brother and sister.上一题下一题(16~20/共10题)SECTION B CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear two conversations.At the end of each conversation, five questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY.After each question there will be a ten-second pause.During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions.Now listen to the conversations.Play00:0004:19Volume第16题A.An unreasonable fear.B.A dangerous event.C.A small probability.D.A risk-assessing ability.第17题A.One in one million.B.One in four million.C.One in fourteen millionD.One in forty million.第18题A.Future events.B.Catastrophic events.C.Small-scale disasters.D.Smoking hazards.第19题A.Traveling by air.B.Riding a bicycle.C.Catching bird flu.D.Smoking cigarettes.第20题A.They get pleasure from risks.B.They can control potential risks.C.They can assess danger from risks.D.They have strong needs for risks.上一题下一题(1/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words orphrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第21题The Bent Pyramid outside Cairo ______ ancient Egypt´s first attempt to build a smooth-sided pyramid.A.has been believed to have beenB.was believed to beC.is believed to have beenD.is believed to be上一题下一题(2/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第22题U.S. News ______ rankings of colleges since 1983. They are a very popular resource for students looking to apply to a university campus.A.maintainsB.is maintainingC.maintainedD.has been maintaining上一题下一题(3/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第23题He was lured into a crime he would not ______ have committed.A.actuallyB.otherwiseC.accidentallyD.seldom上一题下一题(4/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第24题She was once a young country wife with chickens in the backyard and a view of ______ mountains behind the apple orchard.A.Virginia blue hazyB.Virginia hazy blueC.hazy blue VirginiaD.blue hazy Virginia上一题下一题(5/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第25题I long to alleviate ______, but I cannot.A.the evilB.evilC.evilsD.an evil上一题下一题(6/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第26题Indeed, it is arguable that body shattering is the very point of football, as killing and maiming ______.A.warB.are warC.of warD.are of war上一题下一题(7/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第27题At ______, photography is a chemical process, during which a light-sensitive material is altered when exposed to light.A.its most basicB.its basicC.the most basicD.the basic上一题下一题(8/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第28题She hired a lawyer to investigate, only to learn that Gabriel had removed her name from the deed. The infinitive verb phrase "only to learn" is used ______.A.to express an intended purposeB.to indicate a high degree of possibilityC.to reveal an undesirable consequenceD.to dramatize a stated fact上一题下一题(9/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第29题Which of the following underlined words DOES NOT carry the metaphorical meaning?A.I wonder what´s behind this change of plan.B.Jim turned to speak to the person standing behind him.C.This work should have been finished yesterday. I´m getting terribly behind.D.I suppose I´m lucky because my parents were behind me all the way.上一题下一题(10/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第30题My mother was determined to help those in need and she would have been immensely proud of what has been achieved these last 20 years. The underline part in the sentence expresses ______.A.a hypothesisB.a suggestionC.a contradictionD.a surprise上一题下一题(11/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第31题When the police officers who took part in the King beating were first brought to ______, their lawyers used the videotape as evidence against the prosecution.A.justiceB.testimonyC.trialD.verdict上一题下一题(12/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第32题______, the most controversial candidate in the election campaign, he has been strongly criticized for his crude comments about women.A.QuestionablyB.ArguablyC.ContentiouslyD.Debatably上一题下一题(13/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第33题Prices have recently risen in order to ______ the increased cost of raw materials.A.cutB.buoyC.offsetD.offer上一题下一题(14/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第34题The celebrity says in court papers she "has no ______ of giving any authorization to anyone to proceed with a divorce."A.recommendationB.recordingC.recognitionD.recollection上一题下一题(15/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第35题What actually ______ a good angle—or a good selfie overall—is rooted in what we consider beautiful.A.consistsB.constitutesposesD.constructs上一题下一题(16/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第36题The school is going the ______ mile to create the next generation of sporting stars thanks to its unique development program.A.finalB.furtherC.supplementaryD.extra上一题下一题(17/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第37题The teachers´ union ______ a lawsuit against the district calling for repairing "deplorable" schoolconditions.A.filedB.firedC.finedD.filled上一题下一题(18/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第38题Last March the ______ of a 19th century cargo ship was found by an underwater archaeological team.A.debrisB.ruinsC.remainsD.wreck上一题下一题(19/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第39题She´s worn his designs on ______ occasions from red carpets to movie premieres.A.numericalB.numeralC.countlessD.countable上一题下一题(20/20)PART ⅢLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.第40题A leading ______ intelligence and operations company has released its analysis of worldwide reported incidents of piracy and crime against mariners.A.oceangoingB.oceanicC.marineD.maritime上一题下一题(41~50/共10题)PART ⅣCLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks.The words can be used ONCE ONLY.Mark the letter for each word on ANSWER SHEET TWO.[A].accompanies [B].automatically[C].couple [D].goes[E].indebtedness [F].kind[G].manner [H].mercifully[I].one [J].obey[K].renowned [L].subscribe[M].unknown [N].virtue[O].widespreadA few years ago, a university professor tried a little experiment. He sent Christmas cards to a sample of perfect strangers. Although he expected some reaction, the response he received was amazing—holiday cards addressed to him came pouring back from the people who had never met nor heard of him. The great majority of those who returned a card never inquired into the identity of the __41__ professor. They received his holiday greeting card, and they __42__ sent one in return. This study shows the action of one of the most powerful of the weapons of influence around us—the rule for reciprocation. The rule says that we should try to repay, in__43__, what another person has provided us. If a woman does us a favor, we should do her __44__ in return; if a man sends us a birthday present, we should remember his birthday with a gift of our own; if a __45__ invites us to a party, we should be sure to invite them to one of ours. By __46__ of the reciprocity rule, then, we are obliged to the future repayment of favors, gifts, invitations, and the like. So typical is it for __47__ to accompany the receipt of such things that a term like "much obliged" has become a synonym for "thank you," not only in the English language but in others as well.The impressive aspect of the rule for reciprocation and the sense of obligation that __48__ with it is its pervasiveness in human culture. It is so __49__ that after intensive study, sociologists can report that there is no human society that does not __50__ to the rule.第41题第42题第43题第44题第45题第46题第47题第48题第49题第50题上一题下一题(51~52/共10题)PART ⅤREADING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions.For each multiple-choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.(1) The earliest settlers came to the North American continent to establish colonies which were free from the controls that existed in European societies. They wanted to escape the controls placed on their lives by kings and governments, priests and churches, noblemen and aristocrats. The historic decisions made by those first settlers have had a profound effect on the shaping of the American character. By limiting the power of the government and the churches andeliminating a formal aristocracy, they created a climate of freedom where the emphasis was on the individual. Individual freedom is probably the most basic of all American values. By "freedom," Americans mean the desire and the ability of all individuals to control their own destiny without outside interference from the government, a ruling noble class, the church, or any other organized authority.(2) There is, however, a price to be paid for this individual freedom: self-reliance. It means that Americans believe that they should stand on their own feet, achieving both financial and emotional independence from their parents as early as possible, usually by age 18 or 21.(3) A second important reason why immigrants have traditionally been drawn to the United States is the belief that everyone has an equal chance to enter a race and succeed in the game. Because titles of nobility were forbidden in the Constitution, no formal class system developed in the US.(4) There is, however, a price to be paid for this equality of opportunity: competition. If much of life is seen as a race, then a person must run the race in order to succeed; a person must compete with others. The pressures of competition in the life of an American begin in childhood and continue until retirement from work. In fact, any group of people who does not compete successfully does not fit into the mainstream of American life as well as those who do.(5) A third reason why immigrants have traditionally come to the United States is to have a better life. Because of its abundant natural resources, the United States appeared to be a "land of plenty" where millions could come to seek their fortunes. The phrase "going from rags to riches" became a slogan for the American dream. Many people did achieve material success. Material wealth became a value to the American people, and it also became an accepted measure of social status.(6) Americans pay a price, however, for their material wealth: hard work. Hard work has been both necessary and rewarding for most Americans throughout their history. In some ways, material possessions are seen as evidence of people´s abilities. Barry Goldwater, a candidate for the presidency in 1964, said that most poor people are poor because they deserve to be. Most Americans would find this a harsh statement, but many might think there was some truth in it.(7) These basic values do not tell the whole story of the American character. Rather, they should be thought of as themes, as we continue to explore more facets of the American character and how it affects life in the United States.第51题Para. 4 seems to suggest that ______.A.Americans are born with a sense of competitionB.the pressure of competition begins when one starts workpetition results in equality of opportunitiesD.successful competition is essential in American society第52题Which of the following methods does the author mainly use in explaining American values?parison.B.Cause and effect.C.Definition.D.Process analysis.上一题下一题(53~57/共10题)PART ⅤREADING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions.For each multiple-choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.(1) The Nobels are the originals, of course. Alfred Nobel, the man who invented deadly explosives, decided to try and do something good with all the money he earned, and gave prizes to people who made progress in literature, science, economics and—perhaps most importantly—peace.(2) Not all awards are as noble as the Nobels. Even though most countries have a system for recognizing, honoring and rewarding people who have done something good in their countries, there are now hundreds of awards and awards ceremonies for all kinds of things.(3) The Oscars are probably the most famous, a time for the (mostly) American film industry to tell itself how good it is, an annual opportunity for big stars to give each other awards and make tearful speeches. As well as that there are also the Golden Globes, apparently for the same thing.(4) But it´s not only films—now there are also Grammies, Brits, the Mercury Prize and the MTV and Q awards for music. In Britain, a writer who wins the Booker prize can expect to see their difficult, literary novel hit the bestseller lists and compete with "The Da Vinci Code" for popularity. The Turner Prize is an award for a British contemporary artist—each year it causes controversy by apparently giving a lot of money to artists who do things like displaying their beds, putting animals in glass cases or—this year—building a garden shed.(5) Awards don´t only exist for the arts. There are now awards for Sports Personality of the Year, for European Footballer of the Year and World Footballer of the Year. This seems very strange—sometimes awards can be good to give recognition to people who deserve it, or to help people who don´t make much money carry on their work without worrying about finances, but professional soccer players these days certainly aren´t short of cash!(6) Many small towns and communities all over the world also have their own awards ceremonies, for local writers or artists, or just for people who have graduated from high school or got a university degree. Even the British Council has its own awards for "Innovation in English Language Teaching".(7) Why have all these awards and ceremonies appeared recently? Shakespeare never won a prize, nor did Leonardo da Vinci or Adam Smith or Charles Dickens.(8) It would be possible to say, however, that in the past, scientists and artists could win "patronage" from rich people—a king or a lord would give the artist or scientist money to have them paint their palaces or help them develop new ways of making money. With the change in social systems across the world, this no longer happens. Scientific research is now either funded by the government or by private companies.(9) Perhaps awards ceremonies are just the most recent phase of this process.(10) However, there is more to it than that. When a film wins an Oscar, many more people will go and see it, or buy the DVD. When a writer wins the Nobel Prize, many more people buy their books. When a group wins the MTV awards, the ceremony is seen by hundreds of thousands of people across the world. The result? The group sells a lot more records.(11) Most awards ceremonies are now sponsored by big organizations or companies. This means that it is not only the person who wins the award who benefits—but also the sponsors. The MTV awards, for example, are great for publicizing not only music, but also MTV itself!(12) On the surface, it seems to be a "win-win" situation, with everyone being happy, but let me ask you a question—how far do you think that publicity and marketing are winning here, and how much genuine recognition of achievement is taking place?第53题What is the author´s tone when he mentions awards such as the Oscars, the Golden Globes and Grammies (Paras.3&4)?A.Amused.B.Appreciative.C.Sarcastic.D.Serious.第54题According to Para.4, what would happen to award winning writers?A.They would enjoy a much larger readership.B.They would turn to popular novel writing.C.They would continue non-fiction writing.D.They would try controversial forms of art.第55题Which of the following statements best sums up Para.6?A.Awards ceremonies are held for local people.B.Awards ceremonies are held on important occasions.C.Awards ceremonies are held in certain professions.D.Awards ceremonies are held for all sorts of reasons.第56题According to Para.8, one difference between scientists and artists in the past and those at present lies in ______.A.nature of workB.personal contactC.source of fundingD.social status第57题It can be concluded from Para.12 that the author thinks awards ______.A.do good to both market and popularityB.promote market rather than achievementsC.help those who are really talentedD.are effective in making people popular上一题下一题(58~60/共10题)PART ⅤREADING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions.For each multiple-choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.(1) Knowing that Mrs. Mallard was suffering from a heart trouble, great care was taken to break to her as gently as possible the news of her husband´s death.(2) It was her sister Josephine who told her, in broken sentences. Her husband´s friendRichards was there, too, near her. It was he who had been in the newspaper office when news of the railroad disaster was received, with Brently Mallard´s name leading the list of "killed". He had only taken the time to assure himself of its truth by a second telegram.(3) She wept at once, in her sister´s arms. When the storm of grief had spent itself she went away to her room alone. She would have no one follow her.(4) There stood, facing the open window, a comfortable armchair. Into this she sank, pressed down by a physical exhaustion that haunted her body and seemed to reach into her soul.(5) She could see in the open square before her house the tops of trees. The delicious breath of rain was in the air. In the street below a peddler was crying his wares. The notes of a distant song which some one was singing reached her faintly, and countless sparrows were twittering in the eaves.(6) There were patches of blue sky showing here and there through the clouds that had met and piled one above the other in the west facing her window.(7) She sat with her head thrown back upon the cushion of the chair, quite motionless, except when a sob came up into her throat and shook her, as a child who has cried itself to sleep continues to sob in its dreams.(8) She was young, with a fair, calm face, whose lines indicated repression and even a certain strength. But now there was a dull stare in her eyes, whose gaze was fixed out there on one of those patches of blue sky. It was not a glance of reflection, but rather indicated a suspension of intelligent thought.(9) There was something coming to her and she was waiting for it, fearfully. What was it? She did not know; it was too subtle and thus hard to name. But she felt it, creeping out of the sky, reaching toward her through the sounds, the scents, the color that filled the air.(10) Now her bosom rose and fell tumultuously. She was beginning to recognize this thing that was approaching to possess her, and she was striving to beat it back with her will—as powerless as her two white slender hands would have been.(11) When she abandoned herself a little whispered word escaped her slightly parted lips. She said it over and over under her breath: ´free, free, free!" The vacant stare and the look of terror that had followed it went from her eyes. They stayed keen and bright. Her pulses beat fast, and the coursing blood warmed and relaxed every inch of her body.(12) She knew that she would weep again when she saw the kind, tender hands folded in death; the face, fixed and gray and dead. But she saw beyond that bitter moment a long procession of years to come that would belong to her absolutely. And she opened and spread her arms out to them in welcome.(13) There would be no one to live for during those coming years; she would live for herself. There would be no powerful will bending hers in that blind persistence with which men and women believe they have a right to impose a private will upon a fellow-creature.(14) And yet she had loved him—sometimes. Often she had not. What did it matter! What could love, the unsolved mystery, count for in face of this possession of self-assertion which she suddenly recognized as the strongest impulse of her being!(15) "Free! Body and soul free!" she kept whispering.(16) Josephine was kneeling before the closed door with her lips to the keyhole, imploring for admission. "Louise, open the door! I beg, open the door—you will make yourself ill. What are you doing Louise? For heaven´s sake open the door."。
专四阅读考试题练习及答案
专四阅读考试题练习及答案2018年专四阅读考试题练习及答案茂盛的禾苗需要水分;成长的'少年需要学习。
以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的2018年专四阅读考试题练习及答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!People have been painting pictures for at least 30,000 years. The earliest pictures were painted by people who hunted animals. They used to paint pictures of the animals they wanted to catch and kill. Pictures of this kind have been found on the walls of caves in France and Spain. No one knows why they were painted there. Perhaps the painters thought that their pictures would help them to catch these animals. Or perhaps human beings have always wanted to tell stories in pictures.About 5,000 years ago, the Egyptians and other people in the Near East began to use pictures as kind of writing. They drew simple pictures or signs to represent things and ideas, and also to represent the sounds of their language. The signs these people used became a kind of alphabet.The Egyptians used to record information and to tell stories by putting picture writing and pictures together. When an important person died, scenes and stories from his life were painted and carved on the walls of the place where he was buried. Some of these pictures are like modern comic strip stories. It has been said that Egypt is the home of the comic strip. But, for the Egyptians, pictures still had magic power. So they did not try to make their way of writing simple. The ordinary people could not understand it.By the year 1,000 BC, people who lived in the area around the Mediterranean Sea had developed a simpler system of writing. The signs they used were very easy to write, and there were fewer of them than in the Egyptian system. This wasbecause each sign, or letter, represented only one sound in their language. The Greeks developed this system and formed the letters of the Greek alphabet. The Romans copied the idea, and the Roman alphabet is now used all over the world.These days, we can write down a story, or record information, without using pictures. But we still need pictures of all kinds: drawing, photographs, signs and diagrams. We find them everywhere: in books and newspapers, in the street, and on the walls of the places where we live and work. Pictures help us to understand and remember things more easily, and they can makea story much more interesting.?1. Pictures of animals were painted on the walls of caves in France and Spain because ?___ ___?.?A. the hunters wanted to see the pictures?B. the painters were animal lovers?C. the painters wanted to show imagination?D. the pictures were thought to be helpful?2. The Greek alphabet was simpler than the Egyptian system for all the following reasons EXCEPT that ?______.A. the former was easy to write?B. there were fewer signs in the former?C. the former was easy to pronounce?D. each sign stood for only one sound?3. Which of the following statements is TRUE??A. The Egyptian signs later became a particular alphabet.?B. The Egyptians liked to write comic?strip stories.?C. The Roman alphabet was developed from the Egyptian one.?D. The Greeks copied their writing system from the Egyptians.?4. In the last paragraph, the author thinks thatpictures ?______?.?A. should be made comprehensible?B. should be made interesting?C. are of much use in our life?D. have disappeared from our life参考答案：1. D) 根据文章第一段第五行“Perhaps the painters thought that their pictures would help them to catch these animals.”可知古代人以为在墙上画画会对他们有所帮助，故选项D为正确答案。
专四18年真题及答案解析
专四18年真题及答案解析专四考试是一项重要的英语水平测试，对于想要研究生学位或海外留学的学生来说，取得良好的成绩是至关重要的。
而了解往年的真题及其答案解析，可以帮助考生更好地了解考试的要求，提高复习的针对性和效果。
本文将对2018年的专四真题进行解析和探讨。
第一部分：听力理解专四的听力理解部分共有4篇短文，每篇短文后有5个问题。
这一部分主要考察学生对于听力材料的理解能力和信息筛选能力，同时也对学生的英语听力水平进行测试。
以下是2018年专四听力部分的一则短文：The Meaning of DreamsDreams have always fascinated people. But throughout history, many people have disagreed about what dreams really mean.Some people believe that our dreams simply reflect our thoughts and feelings during the day. These people think that when we dream, our brains try to make sense out of all the information we receive. So if you are worried about something during the day, you may dream about it at night.On the other hand, some people believe that our dreams have a deeper meaning. They believe that our dreams mayreveal our hidden fears or desires. They think that even the strangest dreams can give us clues about who we really are.Finally, some people believe that dreams are just a way for our brains to relax. They think that when we are awake,our brains are very busy processing information. So when we sleep, our brains create dream images to help us unwind and relax.根据上面短文，以下是相关的问题及答案解析：1. What do some people believe dreams reflect?Some people believe that dreams reflect our thoughts and feelings during the day. According to them, our dreams areour brain's way of making sense of the information we receive.2. What do other people believe dreams reveal?Other people believe that dreams may reveal our hidden fears or desires. According to them, even the strangestdreams can provide clues to our true selves.3. According to some people, what is the function of dreams?Some people think that dreams are a way for our brainsto relax. They believe that when we sleep, our brains create dream images to help us unwind and relax.通过这一部分的解析和讨论，考生可以了解到专四听力理解部分的形式和要求。
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书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟
2018 专四阅读题型解析
2017 专四阅读题型即除去常规的选择体外增加了简答题(Short Answer Questions)共20 分，10 道选择，5 道简答题。
两相比较，后者
显得更重要，得分更容易。
答案简短(不超10 词)，大多能从文中找到原词。
①具体细节题
这类题所占比重最大，一般来讲考生在文章中找到答案出处并不难，但关键是如何从答案出处中归纳出问题的答案。
因为简答题要求考生既要用最简短的语言，又不能原封不动地照搬原文的整句话来作答。
所以，得分易，而得满分难，便成了此类试题的一大特色。
答题时需要注意找准答案，即找到问题中的关键词在文章中的大体位置，并尽可能地缩小范围，找准目标。
否则答案涉及无关问题会被扣分。
②主旨类试题
此类题出现频率较高，常见的提问方式有：
Whats the main idea of this passage?
Whats the passage mainly about?
Whats the best title for this passage?
回答这类题的关键是要抓住文章的主旨句。
但考生应注意不可照抄原句，而需要重新归纳组织、概括，从而用不多于10 个词来表达文章的主要内容。
③推断类试题
这类题与选择题中的推断题一样，简答题的答案在原文中是不能直接找到的，它要求考生进行合理的推断。
当然这种推断并不是毫无目的的。
文章中的某些词及作者的写作手法都可能成为推论的依据。
④语义题。