西安电子科技大学专业英语阅读试卷
西安电子科技大学自主招生试题英语2010
College Entrance Exam for English考试时间90分钟Part I Vocabulary and Structures (20 分)Directions: There are 20 items in this part. For each item there are four choices A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE word or phrase that best completes the meaning of the item. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with your pencil.1. Wait till you are more ____.It’s better to be sure than sorry.A) inspired B) satisfied C) calm D) certain2. We should recognize that every company and every person is part of along of customers and suppliers .A) pool B) line C) stream D) chain3. His composition was so confusing that I could hardly make any ofit whatsoever.A) meaning B) message C) information D) sense4. A railway ticket should indicate the place of departure as well as the________ of the trip.A) arrival B) image C) destination D) sequence5. When crossing a busy street, we should be very of the speedingcars.A) ignorant B) cautious C) capable D) alert6. More and more people began to _________ the relationship between manand nature, especially after the event.A) get rid of C) go too farB) be concerned about D) burst into7. We were _______ whether our car could climb the hill.A) distrusting B) doubtful C) questionable D) suspicious8. Nothing is worse than the _______ between what is right and what iswrong.A) connection B) establishment C) illustration D) confusion9.Knowing from the boy’s cries, Kate knew Scott was still.A) alive B) living C) lively D) live10. Thanks to the Internet, we can share sorrow and happiness at each other’shome through the ______ of e-mail.A) role B) medium C) modem D) order11. I wish you _________our party and I know you would have enjoyed it.A) had attended B) attended C) attend D) would attend12. Mrs. Brown kept her first _________ car for almost twenty years .A) large foreign black C) black foreign largeB) large black foreign D) foreign black large13. __________ invite him for a weekend with us, he is always too busy.A) No matter how I often C) No matter how often IB) However do I often D) However often do I14. The speaker, ______ for her splendid speeches, was warmly received bythe audience.A) having known B) being known C) knowing D) known15. I like watching TV______ to the cinema.A) more than to go C) more than goingB) than going D) rather than to go16. I don’t think that your watch is ______.A) worthy the price C) worthy to buyB) worth the price D) worth to buy17. I decided to go to the library as soon as I ______.A) finish what I did C) would finish what I was doingB) finished what I did D) finished what I was doing18. I walked too much yesterday and _______ are still aching now.A) my leg's muscles C) my leg musclesB) my muscles to leg D) my muscles of the leg19. It is recommended that the project ______ until all the preparationshave been made.A) is not started C) not be startedB) will not be started D) is not to be started20. The conference ______ a full week by the time it ends.A) must have lasted C) would lastB) will have lasted D) has lasted.Part I I Reading Comprehension (30分) Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage isfollowed by some questions or unfinished statements. Each of them is given four suggested answers A), B), C) and D). You should choose the ONE best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with your pencil.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:Millions of people pass through the gates of Disney’s entertainment park in California, Florida and Japan each year. What makes these places an almost universal attraction? What makes foreign kings and queens and other important people want to visit these Disney parks? Well, one reason is the way they’re treated once they get there. The people at Disney go out of their way to serve their “guests”, as the y prefer to call them, and to see that they enjoy themselves.All new employees, from vice presidents to part-time workers, begin their employment by attending Disney University and taking “Traditions I”. Here, they learn about the company’s history, how it is managed and why it is successful. They are shown how each department relates to the whole. All employees are shown how their part is important in making the park a success.After passing “Traditions I”, the employees go on to more specialized training for their specific(具体的) jobs. No detail is missed. A simple job like taking tickets requires four eight-hour days of training. When one ticket taker was asked why it took so much training for such a simple, ordinary job, he replied, “What happens if someone wants to know where the restrooms are, when the parade starts or what bus to take back to the campgrounds? ... We need to know the answers or where to get them quickly. Our constant aim is to help our guests enjoy the party.”Even Disney’s managers get involved in the daily management of the park. Every year, the managers leave their desks and business suits and put on special service clothes. For a full week, the bosses sell hot dogs or ice cream, take tickets or drive the monorail(单轨车), and take up any of the 100 jobs that make the entertainment park come alive. The managers agree that this week helps them to see the company’s goals more clearly.All these efforts to serve the public well have made Walt Disney Productions famous. Disney is considered by many as the best mass service provider in America or the world. As one long-time business observer once said, “How Disney treats people, communicates with them, rewards them,is in my view the very reason for his fifty years of success ... I have watched, very carefully and with great respect and admiration, the theory and practice of selling satisfaction and serving millions of people on a daily basis, successfully. It is what Disney does best.”21.The first day they come to Disney parks, all new employees_________.A) begin by receiving on-the-job trainingB) must learn several jobsC) begin as ticket takersD) have already attended Disney University22.The main objective of the Disney employees is to _________.A)learn all parts of the businessB)see that their guests enjoy themselvesC)be able to answer all kinds of questionsD)keep their important guests happy23.Each year, managers wear special service clothes and work in the park to _________.A)set a good example for employeesB)remind themselves of their beginnings at DisneyC)gain a better view of the company’s objectivesD)replace employees on holiday24.Which is not true according to the passage?A)Tourists learn the history of Disney in its entertainment parks.B)Disney attracts people almost from all over the world.C)Parades are regularly held in Disney’s entertainment parks.D)Disney’s managers are able to do almost all kinds of work in theDisney park.25.This passage is mainly about __________.A)how Disney employees are trained.B)the history and traditions of the Disney enterprises.C)why Disney enterprises make a lot of moneyD)the importance Disney places on serving people well.Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:Physical fitness can help you to live longer, feel healthier and solve life’s problems better. Various activities can help you to keep fit: from running marathons to climbing mountains to lifting weights. For theordinary non-sporting person without much time to spare, activities like these are not very practical and, to be honest, they are a waste of time. It is much better in my view to spend no more than half an hour every other day in doing exercises. The important thing is to form such a habit so that you don’t say to yourself, ”I won’t take the trouble today!” or “I’ll do it later!” If you haven’t got the will to form a habit like this, a sport like tennis might suit you better. The person who takes part in the game with you will help you to remember to play often and you’ll be able to get your exercise outdoors, too.Another good way of keeping fit is jogging (慢跑). The important thing here is build up slowly and not to over do it -- otherwise you may give yourself a heart attack on your first run! It’s best to keep away from roads so as not to breathe in the strong-smelling smoke of the traffic instead of fresh air and in case you get run over!Doing exercise can take up your time but the feeling of being healthy makes up for the few minutes a day it takes. We should always keep in mind that health is better than wealth and no medicine is as good as sport.26.In the author’s opinion, _________.A)you should run away from the roads to take in fresh airB) a few minutes’ exercise every other day will help you keep fitC) a good habit is most important in physical fitnessD)nothing is better than sport in treating heart disease 27.According to this passage, tennis has the advantage that _________.A)there is no danger of traffic accidentB)it takes up only half an hour a dayC)your partner will remind you to play it oftenD)it helps you to form a habit easily28.The author tells us that while jogging, we should _________.A)keep it in mind to breathe slowlyB)do it together with someone elseC)speed up graduallyD)do it according to your ability29.What is NOT TRUE according to this passage?A)Jogging is harmful for those with heart troubles.B)Running marathons is not practical for many people.C)Tennis is a kind of outdoor sports.D)In doing sports, we should know some rules.30.The best title for this passage is ________.A)‘The Best Sport---Jogging’B)‘Indoor Sports and Outdoor Sports’C)‘Join in the Sports Activities’D)‘Things to Remember in Physical Training’Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Chinese basketball players have never been so close to the NBA before but questions remain about how they will adjust to life in the NBA if they go.Wang Zhizhi, the 2.16-metre center for the Bayi Rockets who was chosen by the Dallas Mavericks two years ago, has finally received permission from authorities to travel to Dallas to play for the rest of the NBA season after he finishes playing in the Chinese Basketball Association’s finals on March 25th.If he has no problems with his visa(签证),Wang will be the NBA’s first Asian player. Wang was chosen by the Mavericks in the second round of the 1999 draft but the Rockets, an army-run club, refused to let him go. After negotiations(谈判)between the Rockets and NBA representatives(代表), the decision was made to allow Wang the chance to try his hand at American basketball, but only for a period of short time. He has to be back to play in the Ninth National Games in November in Guangzhou.Another center who has attracted attention from the NBA is Yao Ming, the 2.25-meter star who has led to the Shanghai Sharks into the finals fight with the Rockets this year. The 20-year-old’s NBA dreams might be harder to realize. Yao is the center of the Sh arks and the club’s manager Bei Genyuan has said that he would allow Yao to go only at a proper time, for a proper team and under proper conditions.Yao hasn’t been chosen yet and it is unlikely that he will be any time soon. People in the Shark’s front office earlier told members of the press that “it is not proper for Yao to attend the draft this year”because he has to represent Shanghai in the Ninth National Games.Even if Wang and Yao make it to the promised land of basketball at last, analysts on both sides of the Pacific have said the NBA road will be a long one for both of them. Besides needing to work on their upper body strength, Wang and Yao will also have to adapt(适应)to the speed,techniques and above all, culture of the NBA.31.Yao Ming has attracted attention from NBA because ____ .A)he is 2.25 meters tall, who is the tallest basketball player in China.B)he is the center of the Shanghai Sharks and has led Sharks into thefinal fight with the RocketsC)he is regarded as the best basketball player in ChinaD)he is thought highly of in the international world32.Yao Ming can play for NBA if ___ _.A)there is no problem with his visaB)NBA agrees to supply favorable conditions for himC)time and conditions are properD)NBA can pay a large sum of money for Sharks33.The underlined phrase “try his hand”in the passage probably means ____.A)初试身手B) 碰碰运气 C) 成为一员D) 为其效劳 34.NBA chose Wang Zhizhi so that ________.A)it can show NBA need talentsB)Wang Zhizhi can have a bright futureC)its whole level will be improvedD)it can make Wang Zhizhi world-famous35.When Wang Zhizhi plays in NBA, he will have to adapt to many things of NBA except .A) rules of basketball C) the speedB) culture D) techniquesPart III Cloze (15分) Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices A), B), C) and D). You should choose the answer that best fits into the passage. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with your pencil.There is too much to read these days, and too little time to read every word of it. __ (36) __ there are hundreds of techniques we could learn to help us read faster.First of all, previewing is especially useful in getting general ideas of __(37) __ reading which is long and hard. It can give us as much as halfthe comprehension __ (38) __ as little as one tenth the time _(39) _ usually takes to read it. __ (40) __prev iewing doesn’t g ive us all the details, it does keep us from spending time on things we don’t really want. In a word, it can help us decide what is worth __ (41) __. When we practice reading with short passage, we should __ (42) __ trying to look at each word separately. __ (43)__, it will be much more __ (44) __ to grasp the general ideas of the passage. Therefore, it __ (45) __ out that skimming (略读) is a good way in this case. __ (46) __, to read faster we must also form the good habit of taking __ (47) __ groups of words instead of one __ (48) __ a time. Needless to say, this __ (49)__ constant practice. So now we have three ways to help us read faster. With enough practice, we’ll be able to __(50) __ more reading.36.A) Fortunately C) UnluckilyB) Eventually D) Obviously37. A) interesting B) light C) popular D) heavy38. A) in B) at C) with D) for39. A) it B) which C) what D) that40.A) If B) Since C) Because D) Although41. A) to read B) of reading C) reading D) to be read42. A) avoid B) stop C) prevent D) reject43. A) Otherwise B) However C) Thus D) Then44. A) rapid B) convenient C) effective D) difficult45. A) turns B) works C) makes D) tries46. A) Above all C) As a resultB) On the contrary D) In addition47. A) over B) up C) for D) in48. A) on B) in C) at D) for49. A) makes B) takes C) involves D) contains50. A) plot B) solve C) deal D) handle Part IV Writing (15分)Directions: In this part, you are to write a composition on the topic “A Boom in Celebrating Foreign Festivals in China” You should write atleast 120 words, and base your composition on the outline given inChinese below. Remember, you should write your composition onthe Answer Sheet.1. 近两年中国出现了过洋节热2. 阐明导致这种现象的原因3. 有人支持,有人反对,我认为。
西安电子科技大学研究生期末考试英语试题
西安电子科技大学研究生期末考试英语试题西安电子科技大学研究生课程考试试题(答案必须写在答题纸上或在答题卡上填涂)考试科目:英语基础课程编号:0821001考试日期:12 年6 月25 日考试时间:150 分考试方式:(闭卷) 任课教师:班号学生姓名:学号:考生注意事项一、本试卷由两份试卷组成:试卷一( Paper One ) 包括词汇,完形填空,与阅读理解三部分,共60题,按顺序统一编号;试卷二( Paper T wo ) 包括翻译与写作两部份,共3题。
二、试卷一(题号1-60)为客观评分题,答案一律用中性(HB)铅笔做在机读答题纸上,在对应题号下所选的字母中间划黑道,如[A] [B][C][D]。
三、试卷二为主观评分题,答案分别做在ANSWER SHEETⅡ上。
试卷一(Paper One)PartⅠ VOCABULARY (20 points)Section A: (1 point each)Directions: There are ten sentences in this section. Each sentence has one word or a set of words underlined. Below the sentence are fourwords or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Mark thecorresponding letter with a single bar across the squarebracketson your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.1. But while it may be interesting for foreigners such as the US banker to look at the Nordic model, it appears difficult to emulate it.A. intimateB. intimidateC. imitateD. intimacy2. In the inception phase, the product idea or request for proposal is developed to the point that the funding decision can be made.A. perceptionB. beginningC. inclinationD. deception3. The official said the company was looking for access to capital to make itless vulnerable to competitors and takeover bids.A. defenselessB. vagueC. temptD. vulgar4. Now he owned the state’s largest advertising agency and was a veterandirector of the bank with strong influence on the board.A. prestigiousB. necessaryC. irreplaceableD. experienced5. So the court says it is important that the trademark proprietors should not beallowed to hold a perpetual monopoly on technical solutions.A. everlastingB. temporaryC. prolongD. prevailing6. The paper is entitled: Research on the Formation of Information Technology Usage Habituation from the Automatic Goal-Directed Behavior Perspective.A. justificationB. habitC. derivationD. adaptation7. Economists, however, are doing their best to gauge just how much thedestruction will cost both Japan and the world in economic growth.A. evacuateB. evaluateC. evaporateD. consume8. Meanwhile, despite all the crackdowns and criminal penalties, melamine (三聚氰胺) continues to pop up in the country’s dairy supply.A. pump upB. go quicklyC. appear suddenlyD. are frantic with9. The study was not designed to answer why sleeping longermay bedeleterious or whether people could extend their life span by sleeping less.A. neutralB. harmfulC. positiveD. negative10.A group of ladies saunter down a road in Skegness wearing floral, collaredshirts and closed toe shoes.A. scamperB. scraperC. strollD. scootSection B (1 point each)Directions: There are ten sentences in this section. Each sentence has something omitted. Choose the word or words from the fourchoices given to best complete each sentence. Mark thecorresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracketson your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.11. She suggests taking a methodical approach to individuals you are cominginto with, dividing them up under several headings, or markets.A. beingB. useC. contactD. action12. But I am guilty of an entirely different form of multitasking: in any givenmonth, I have lots of projects on the .A. moveB. courseC. pathD. go13. I really don’t see why our English teacher our monitor for praisesince we have all done quite well this term.A. leaves outB. singles outC. trips upD. provoked up14. There may be many providers for the service, and each of them may have adifferent name for the service or some other non-standard requirementsthat the service requester must .A. abide byB. abuse byC. bet byD. abandoned by15. V erify that the version of Microsoft Exchange you are using is withthe database version that you are trying to mount.A. competitiveB. contradictC. compatibleD. indifferent16. I think, learning English can three simple ingredients: persistence,proper ways and good teachers.A. boil down toB. in terms ofC. accord toD. be regarded to17. He eventually built a new, highly automated big factory that does nothingbut the plastic stoppers, 157 million a month.A. chuck outB. check outC. put outD. churn out18.Let others make their employees’ cuts first in the hope that they willattention you.A. deflect…fromB. depart….fromC. convert….fromD. derive…from19. Technologies can a powerful influence the lifelonglearning process, as well as to help overcome various inequalities in society.A. execute….onB. excurse…onC. exert…onD. exculpate…on20. The two animals each other in their eagerness to get inside, andheard the door shut behind them with great joy and relief.A. mussed overB. tumbled overC. came overD. slashed overPart Ⅱ CLOZE TEST ( 10 points)Directions: Read the passage through. Then go back and choose one item of suitable word(s) marked A, B, C and D for each blank in thepassage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word(s) you havechosen with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.For the past two years, I have been working on students’evaluation of classroom teaching. I have kept a record of informal conversations 21 some 300 students from at 22 twenty-one colleges and universities. The students were generally frank and direct in their comments 23 how course work could be better presented. Most of their remarks were kindly made with tolerance rather than bitterness----and frequently were softened by the fact that the students were speaking about some, not all, instructors. Nevertheless, 24 the following suggestions and comments indicate, students feel 25 with things as they are in the classroom.Professors should be 26 from reading lecture notes. “It makes their voices monotonous.”If they are going to read, why not 27 out copies of the lecture? Then we wouldn’t need to go to class. Professors should 28 repeating in lectures material that is in the textbook. “29 we’ve read the material, we want to discuss it or hear it elaborated on,30 repeated.”“A lo t of students hate to buy a required text that the professor has written only to have his lectures repeat it.”21. A. counting B. covering C. figuring D. involving22. A. best B. length C. least D. large23. A. at B. on C. of D. over24. A. if B. though C. as D. whether25. A. satisfactory B. unsatisfactory C. satisfied D. dissatisfied26. A. interfered B. discouraged C. disturbed D. interrupted27. A. hold B. give C. drop D. leave28. A. avoid B. prevent C. refuse D. prohibit29. A. Until B. Unless C. Once D. However30. A. not B. or C. and D. yetPart ⅢREADING COMPREHENSION ( 30 points)Directions: In this part of the tests, there are six short passages for you to read. Read the passage carefully, and then answer the questionsthat follow. Then choose the best answer from the chioces markedA, B, C and D, and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring AnswerSheet.Passage OneThe e-book, you could argue, is environmentally friendly, which is true, but it is also incredibly counter-intuitive. Computer engineers spend a lot of their time coming up with ways to make computers ubiquitous (无所不在的) in consumer lives, and they’ve largely succeeded in that, which is part of the point. Many consumers have also been busy rejecting electronic banking, partly because we want a few tangible experiences leftin our lives, and handling money is one of those experiences. Reading a book, in a way, is an act of rebellion today. It’s a statement that despite the 35 channels coming in on the cable box, the billions of Web sites and other diversions, you’re going to read a book. This is something someone could have done in the 16th century, when the first books were printed in English.I used to attend a regular “salon”in Man hattan, where Internet people would meet, have dinner and discuss the latest trends. One of the sponsors of these social gatherings, who worked for a publisher, brought an e-book to the group, and passed it around. Everything about it bugged me; it w as characterless, flat and soulless. One might imagine reading the works of Bill Gates on it, but the thought of reading Thackeray or Dickens or Wilkie Collins or even John Steinbeck on it is a laughing matter.In other words, books are more than just words, they have —or used to have —decorative covers, because they are expressions of the author’s creativity. That’s why some people collect first editions. They want to own the book that was authorized by the writer, an edition he or she might have owned. As books age, they attain a certain patina (古色古香), reminding of the history the object has seen.31. According to the author, one drawback of computers is that .A. they require sophisticated computer literacyB. they arc interfering with our private livesC. they can be used only in a limited numbers of areasD. they deprive us of experiences of handling things32. Today, reading books is regarded as .A. creativeB. harmfulC. intellectualD. old-fashioned33. It is the author’s opinion that .A. it is ridiculous to read literary works on an e-bookB. readers find it odd to read Bill Gates’ works on an e-bookC. reading e-books is not very different from reading paper booksD. e-books will replace traditional books in the foreseeable future34. The last paragraph is mainly concerned with the ________ aspect of paperbooks.A. physicalB. intellectualC. estheticD. historical35. What is the author’s main purpose?A. To forecast the e-books’ future.B. To make a case against e-books.C. To suggest alternatives to printed books.D. To weigh the pro and con of e-books.Passage 2Of all the areas of learning, the most important is the development of attitudes. Emotional reactions as well as logical thought processes affect the behavior of most people.“The burnt child fears the fire”is one instance; another is the rise of despots (暴君) like Hitler. Both these examples also point up the fact that attitudes stem from experience. In the one case the experience was direct and impressive; in the other it wasindirect and cumulative. The Nazis were indoctrinated largely by the speeches they heard and the books they read.The classroom teacher in the elementary school is in a strategic position to influence attitudes.This is true partly because children acquire attitudes from those adults whose word they respect.Another reason it is true is that pupils often delve (挖掘)somewhat deeply into a subject in school that has only been touched upon at home or has possibly never occurred to them before. To a child who had previously acquired little knowledge of Mexico, his teacher’s method of handling such a suit would greatly affect his attitude toward Mexicans.The media through which the teacher can develop wholesome attitudes are innumerable. Social studies (with special reference to races, creeds and nationalities), science matters of health and safety, the atmosphere of the classroom…these are a few of the fertile fields for the inculcation of properemotional reactions.However, when children come to school with undesirable attitudes, it is unwise for the teacher to attempt to change their feelings by scolding them. She can achieve the proper effect by helping them obtain constructive experiences.To illustrate, first-grade pupils afraid of policemen will probably alter their attitudes after a classroom chat with the neighborhood officer in which he explains how he protects them. In the same way, a class of older children can develop attitudes through discussion, research, outside reading and all-day trips.Finally, a teacher must constantly evaluate her own attitudes, because her influence can be deleterious if she has personalprejudices. This is especially true in respect to controversial issues and questions on which children should be encouraged to reach their own decisions as a result of objective analysis of all the facts.36. The central idea conveyed in the above passage is that _______.A. attitudes affect our actionsB. teachers play a significant role in developing or changing pupils’attitudesC. attitudes can be changed by some classroom experiencesD. by their attitudes, teachers inadvertently affect pupils’ attitudes.37. A statement not made of implied in the passage is that _______.A.attitudes can be based on the learning of falsehoodsB. a child can develop in the classroom an attitude about the importanceof brushing his teethC.attitudes cannot easily be changed by rewards and lecturesD.the attitudes of elementary school-aged children are influencedprimarily by the way they were treated as infants38. The passage specifically states that _______.A.direct experiences are more valuable than indirect onesB.whatever attitudes a child learns in school have already beenintroduced at homeC.teachers should always conceal their own attitudes.D.Teachers can sometimes have an unwholesome influence on children39. The first and fourth paragraphs have all the following points in commonexcept _______.A.the importance of experience in building attitudesB.how fear sometimes governs attitudesC.how attitudes can be changed in the classroomD.how reading affects attitudes40. In the second paragraph, a substitute quotation to serve the writer’spurpose would be: _______.A.“poverty is the parent of revolution and crime.”B.“He that hath wife and children hath given hostages to fortune.C.“There is a great difference between a cunning man and a wise man.”D.“Nothing on earth consumes a man more quickly than the passion ofresentment.”Passage 3The world is undergoing tremendous changes. The rise of globalization, both economic and cultural that has swept throughout the world, has forged new ground as we enter the 21st century. But are the effects of globalization always positive? Some say no.Michael Tenet, head of the International Institute for Foreign Relations in Atlanta, is worried about current resentment throughout the world toward the rise of globalization. “Ever since the 1980s and the economic breakdown of the Asian Tigers in the late 1990s, there has been a re-evaluation of the role of globalization as a for ce for good,” he said, “Income in manycountries has declined and the gap between the most rich and the most poor has been worsened. Without further interference by governments, we could see a tragedy expressed in an increased level of poverty throughout t he Latin America and Asia.”Y et George Frank, an influential economist who works on Wall Street, sees no such danger. “E conomic liberation, increased transparency and market-based reforms have positive effect in the long run, even if market mechanism can produce short term destabilization problems,” he said. “What is most important is that barriers to trade continue to fall so that active competition for consumer goods reduces prices and in turn raises the average level of income.”Others feel that global ization’s cultural impact may be more important than its economic implications. Janice Y awee, a native of Africa, feels strongly that globalization is weakening her local culture and language. “Most of the world’s dialects will become extinct under globalization. We are paving the world with McDonald’s and English slang. It tears me up inside,” she said.However, ignoring the political dimensions of globalization has already had its cost. Nowhere was this made clearer than in the East Asian economic crisis of the late 1990s —particularly in Indonesia. In the wake of that crisis, the President Suharto’s regime was overthrown, and the entire country has been thrown into a mess. The Indonesian economy has contracted almost 50 percent, throwing tens of millions of people below the poverty line.Governments of different countries have had mixed responses to the wave of globalization. The United States is generally seen as an active proponent of greater free trade, andit certainly has enormous cultural influence by virtue of its near monopoly on worldwide entertainment. But other countries, most notably in Europe and developing nations, have sought to reduce the impact that globalization has on their domestic affairs.41. It can be inferred that Michael Tenor’s at titude toward globalization isprobably .A. strongly opposedB. cautiously agreedC. somewhat anxiousD. absolutely supportive42. According to the passage, George Frank .A. agrees with the comments made by Michael TenetB. consents the globalization is favorable to economyC. believes that the reduction of prices is due to the competitionD. thinks the instability is caused by the economic liberalization43. The words by Janice Y awee mean that .A. dialects need more protection by people in the worldB. informal English words are as popular as the McDonald's in the worldC. Janice Y awee’s local culture has vanished in the worldD. the impacts of globalization are great on cultures of the world44. The author cites the example of Indonesia in order to .A. prove the impact of globalization on the field of politicsB. show the economic crisis of the late 1990s in East AsiaC. support the successful economic and political reform in IndonesiaD. illustrate why the Suhatro’s regime collapsed45. This passage implies that .A. globalization is good for a country’s economic developmentB. globalization is widely accepted and advocated by peopleC. globalization is too influential on a country’s economy to be acceptedD. globalization is not always of great benef it to a country’s developmentPassage 4Some futurologists have assumed that the vast upsurge of women in the workforce may portend a rejection of marriage. Many women, according to this hypothesis, would rather work than marry. The converse of this concern is that the prospects of becoming a multi-paycheck household could encourage marriage. In the past, only the earnings and financial prospects of the man counted in the marriage decision. Now, however, the earning ability of a woman can make her more attractive as a marriage partner. Data shows that economic downturns tend to postpone marriage because the parties cannot afford to establish a family or are concerned about rainy days ahead. As the economy rebound, the number of marriages also rises.Coincident with the increasing women working outside the home is the increase in divorce rates. Y et, it may be wrong to jump to reply simple cause-and-effect conclusions. The impact of a wife’s work on divorce is no less cloudy than its impact on marriage decisions. The realization that she can be a good provider may increase the chances that a working wife will choose divorce over an unsatisfactory marriage. But the reverse is equally plausible. Tensions grounded in financial problemsoften play a key role in ending a marriage. Given high unemployment, inflationary problems, and slow growth in real earnings, a working wife can increase household income and relieve some of these pressing financial burdens. By raising family’s standard of living, a working wife may strengthen her family’s financial and emotional stability.Psychological factors also should be considered. For example, a wife blocked from a career outside the home may feel caged in the house. She may view her only choice as seeking a divorce. On the other hand, if she can find fulfillment through work outside the home, work and marriage can go together to create a stronger and more stable union.Also a major part of women’s inequality in marriage has been due to the fact that in most cases, men have remained the main breadwinner. With higher earning capacity and status occupations outside the home comes the capacity to exercise power, within the family. A working wife may rob a husband of being the master of the house. Depending upon how the couple reacts to these new conditions, it could create a stronger equal partnership or it could create new insecurities.46. The word “portend” in P aragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “________”.A. defyB. signalC. suffer fromD. result from47. It is said in the passage that when the economy slides, .A. men would choose working women as their marriage partnersB. more women would get married to seek financial securityC. even working women would worry about their marriagesD. more people would prefer to remain single for the time being48. One reason why women with no career may seek a divorce is that _ .A. they feel that they have been robbed of their freedomB. they are afraid of being bossed around by their husbandsC. they feel that their partners fall to live up to their expectationsD. they tend to suspect their husbands' loyalty to their marriage49. If women find fulfillment through work outside the home, .A. they are more likely to dominate their marriage partnersB. their husbands are expected to do more houseworkC. their marriage ties can be strengthenedD. they tend to put their career before marriage50. Which of the following statements can best summarize the author’s viewin the passage?A. The stability of marriage and the divorce rate may reflect the economicsituation of the country.B. Even when economically independent, most women have to strugglefor real equality in marriage.C. In order to secure their marriage, women should work outside the homeand remain independent.D. The impact of the growing female workforce on marriagevaries fromcase to case.Passage 5In evolutionary terms, humans are relative newcomers to earth, but in a short time they have established themselves as the most successful and dominant species. As Carl Sagan has commented, humans arrived late in December if we consider evolutionary time in terms of a calendar year. As our earliest ancestors left the forest to feed in the savannas and finally to form hunting societies on the open plains, their minds and behavior changed.The theory of natural selection provides an explanation of the evolutionary process. This theory is based on Charles Darwin’s observations of many animal species around the world. Darwin pointed out that organisms reproduce at rates that could lead to enormous increases in population sizes of most species.However, despite these massive reproductive capacities, population size tends to remain fairly constant.Darwin stressed that there is extensive variability-sometimes referred to as genetic diversity-among individuals in a species. Some of these variations appear advantageous for survival. Darwin argued that individuals characterized by these beneficial characteristics would be more likely to survive and succeed in reproducing themselves. Gradually, the organisms with the favorable characteristics would comprise a greater proportion of the population, and over a long period of time, the reproductive advantage could produce a gradual modification of the whole population. However, if environmental conditions change, new sets of characteristics might be favored and the whole process could move off in a different direction.Evolution proceeds at a very slow pace indeed. For example, the lines leading to the emergence of human beings and the great apes began to diverge about 14 million years ago. Modern man came into existence about 50, 000 years ago. The beginning of civilization as we know it began about 10, 000 years ago. In the ensuring years there have been no sweeping evolutionary changes in humans. This is not surprising because we have existed for only about 50, 000 years and it takes much longer fora mammalian species to develop.51. Which of the following statements is certain?A. Humans emerged later than most animals on earth.B. Humans came into existence when the earth was cold.C. Humans became hunters 10,000 years ago.D. No evolution has taken place in humans in the last 10,000 years.52. Why does population size remain relatively constant?A. Organisms do not reproduce at high enough rates.B. Few organisms are characterized with favorable characteristics.C. Some variations in a species fail to survive.D. Evolution takes a longer time than could be imaged.53. According to Darwin, evolution is chiefly determined by _______.A. biological factorsB. environmental factorsC. interspecies factorsD. reproduction time54. The word “diverge” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to “__”A. renderB. corruptC. deviateD. derive55. Evolution in a species often starts_______.A. collectivelyB. in some individualsC. suddenlyD. in a sweeping mannerPassage 6Mass production, the defining characteristic of the Second Wave economy, becomes increasingly obsolete as firms install information intens ive, often robotized manufacturing systems capable of endless deep variation, even customization, The revolutionary result is, in effect, the de-massification of mass production.The shift toward smart flex-techs promotes diversity and feeds consumer choice to the point that a Wal-Mart store can offer the buyer nearly 110,000 products in various types, sizes, models and colors to choose among.But Wal-Mart is a mass merchandiser. Increasingly, the mass market itself is breaking up into differentiated niches as customer needs diverge and better information makes it possible for businesses to identify and serve micro-markets. Specialty stores, boutiques, superstores, TV home-shopping systems, computer-based buying, direct mail and other systems provide a growing diversity of channels through which producers can distribute their wares to customers in an increasingly de-massified marketplace. When we wrote Future Shock in the late1960s, visionary marketers began talking about “market segmentation.”Today they no longer focus on “segments”buton “particles”—family units and even single individuals.Meanwhile, advertising is targeted at smaller and smaller market segments reached through increasingly de-massified media. The dramatic breakup of mass audiences is underscored by the crisis of the once great TV networks, ABC, CBS and NBC, at a time when Tele-Communications, Inc. of Denver, announces a fiber-optic network capable of providing viewers with five hundred interactive channels of television. Such systems mean that sellers will be able to target buyers with even greater precision. The simultaneous de-massification of production, distribution and communication revolutionizes the economy and shifts it from homogeneity toward extreme heterogeneity.56. What would be a proper title for this passage?A. Future ShockB. De-massificationC. Changing TrendD. Market Segmentation57. Which is true about “mass production” according to the author?A. It promotes further development in manufacturing systems.B. It defines the Second Wave economy and will last.C. It involves intensive information, automation, and customization.D. It is becoming dated for the present economy.58. The author calls those marketers “visionary” mainly because_______.A. they began talking about “market segmentation” in 1960s.B. they focus on “market particles.”。
西安电子科技大学研究生专业英语阅读2009参考答案
Part one:1)The phenomenon is called convergence, and its study forms an important chapter in modern analysis.2)One of the achievements in outer space exploration in the 20th century was the awareness that there might be life in the space.3) Inexperienced as he is, he is able to design so complicated a circuit.4) Elasticity is defined as the tendency of a body to return its original state after beingreformed.5) Accurate in operation and high in speed, computers are able to save a lot of time and human labor.6) In this case there is no assurance/guarantee that this circuit is tuned to thatfrequency.7) Over the ten years since this book was published, significant changes have beenseen in electronics.8) To visit these records, all users need to do is launch the browser to pay a visit to thewebsites.9) None of the ordinary windows can withstand so large a force.No ordinary windows can withstand so large a force.10) The distance of the earth from the moon is as great as 240,000 miles.11) It is necessary to determined under what condition it is that this equation is true.12) The most fundamental operation in physics, the process of measurement will bediscussed briefly in this chapter.13) For this series to converge, x must be less than 1.14) Upon substituting these values into/in Eq.(1-5), we have the following result15) Sending a signal from one place to another is what is called transmission.Part two:1. The Atlantic was so dangerous for the Americans to send enough men and war materials across.2. Only if the force is known as a function of time can this integral be evaluated.3. By power is meant the speed, or rate, of doing work.4. (On) Being heated, the air in the bottle expands / will expand.5. The introduction to the ability of the refrigerator to freeze is made.6. This paper describes the properties of and the algorithm for this type of problem.7. The resistance of a conductor depends not only on the material of which the conductor is made, but also on the size and temperature of the conductor.8. Engineers are busy in designing a new type of computer.9. Distance equals speed multiplied by time.10. This is due in part to the fact that earth is not spherical.11. Many of the principles of a receiver apply also to a transmitter.12. The rate at which work is done is referred to as power.(The rate of doing work is referred to as power.)13. This demand is difficult to meet at the temperature of 40℃.14. This is so small a signal that it cannot make transistor Q4 conduct.15. The voltage across the resistor is a few tenths of a volt.Part three:Translation:1)在影像内容的创造和分配方面,这个时代的数字多媒体带来许多优势。
西安电子科技大学09年专业英语阅读考题
西安电子科技大学研究生课程考试试题考试科目: 研究生专业英语阅读课程代码:0821004考试日期:09 年月日考试时间:120 分钟答案请写在答题纸上。
Part one: Sentence Translation from Chinese to English (30%)1.这种现象称为收敛(convergence),对它的研究构成了现代分析中重要的一章。
2.This phenomen is known as convergence,and its study form animportant chapter in modern analysis.3.二十世纪外太空探索的成就之一是人们意识到了外太空可能存在生命。
4.One of the achievement in outer space exploration in 20th century wasthe awareness that there may be exit life in outer space.5.尽管(as)没有经验,他却能设计出这样一个如此复杂的电路。
6.Inexperience as he is,he can design such a complex circuit.7.弹性(elasticity)被定义为一物体形变(deform)后恢复其原状的趋势(tendency)。
8.Elasticity is defined as the tendency of a body to return its originalstate after being deformed;9.由于计算机运算准确,速度高,它能够为人们节省很多时间和精力。
10.Accuracy in operation and high in speed ,computer can save people alot of time and energy;11.在这种情况下并不能保证(assurance / guarantee)该电路就调谐于(be tuned to)那个频率上。
西安电子科技大学研究生【专业英语】(科技英语)教材参考答案
V、练习参考答案练习1I、1、the(各项均为负。
)2、the; a (功率额定值是电阻器不会引起温度太大的上升而能安全地耗散的最大功率。
)3、an(这是均方根值伏特计。
)4、The; a(该设备的成功设计需要详细地了解性能指标。
)5、the; a; a(在氢原子的布尔模型中,一个电子绕一个质子以半径为R的圆周运转。
)6、the(电阻的单位是欧姆。
)7、an (这是一个h参数。
)8、/; /(图5-1画出了Oersted的实验。
)9、A; a; a(机器是能够传递力来完成某一确定目的的一种设备。
)10、/(水压机将在第14章加以考虑。
)11、the; the [/](我们容易确定参数μ的值。
)12、/; the(根据式(2-1),我们得到以下的关系式。
)13、the; /(作者工作在位于阿林顿的得克萨斯大学。
)14、an(甚至当积分区间并不是无穷时,能够恰当地显示一个时函数的傅氏变换的仪器是多么重要啊!)II、1.Dr. Emmet graduated from Harvard University in 2001.2.Professor Li earned his Ph.D. degree in mechanical engineering Xi’an University ofTechnology in 1988.3.Now we shall turn to the discussion of local area networks.4.5.或is its mass per unit volume.6.An increase in pressure always causes a decrease in volume.7.Fig. (2-5) shows what is expressed by Eq. (2-2).8.III、1.2.Finally, a broad stepped impedance transformer is designed by this method.3.4.5.练习21. This circuit consists of a battery, an inductor and a capacitor.2. Compute the electric fields at points a, b, and c.3. This satellite is used for communications between the United States and Great Britain, France and Italy.5. Chapters 6, 7, and 8 deal with transmission lines.II、1. Its error is six parts in 1012.2. This computer stores four times more information than that one (does).3. The demand for this kind of equipment in the near future will be 20 times what it is.4. The voltage across this component is a few tenths of a volt.5. Now its internal pressure is one third what it was.III、2. Unless otherwise stated, it is assumed that silicon transistors are used I CBO can be neglected.4. Figs. 1, 2, and 3 show this process in detail.练习3I、1. This new type of computer has many advantages over the general type.2. It is not difficult to solve this differential equation for the unknown quantity.3. Of these five new chapters, the first one deals with the basic principles of negative feedback.4. At this point/time, current differs in phase from voltage by 90o.5. By analyzing [By the analysis of] the parameters of the instrument, we can understand its performance.6. We will find out its average velocity over this distance.7. The science of electronics is too important in the world today.8. They solved this problem with great difficulty.II、1. For x>1, there is no solution to this equation [this equation has no solution].2. Upon [On] substituting [substitution of] these values into [in] theequation, we obtained the following expression..3. This circuit is similar in operation to that of Fig. 1-10.4. This computer is very good in performance.5. These waves travel only in one direction.th of October.4. V6. Unless otherwise stated, it is assumed that silicon transistors are used I CBO can be neglected.7.练习4I、1. The force acts perpendicular to the surface of the table.2. The three coefficients here remains to be determined.3. The two equations below will be often (frequently) used in later chapters/in the chapters which follow.4. Here we use two metal balls 10 cm apart.5. The output remains/stays constant/unchanged/fixed/unaltered/the same.6. All the textbooks available discuss this problem.7. Accurate in operation and high in speed, computers have found wide applications.8. The answer to this problem looks correct.9. Two parallel wires a distance (of)δapart carry the current i.10. The problem now is how to measure the voltage across this component.11. These data will be sent to the computing center 2 kilometers away.12. Upon rearranging the equation above, we have [get, obtain] the following expression.13. These charges can interact with other charges present.14. Forces can be transmitted without contact, contrary to the common belief.15. This coefficient is typically 0.35.II、1. In this case, the input does not fall; nor [neither] does the output. […; the output does not fall, either.]but also on the size and temperature of the conductor.练习5I、k has the same unit as work (does).II、electrical engineering.III、R o.6. We must take the effect of temperature on [upon] semiconductors intoaccount.7. In this case, the variation of output with input is very small.8. This curve shows the dependence of distance on/upon speed.IV、练习6I、1. This image, it will be noticed, is a real image.2. This technical problem, we hope, will be solved soon.3. 210 is approximately 1000, a fact that we think is very useful in the study of digital electronics.4. A resistor of say 100 ohms should be used here.II、radars.III、1. In Section 1-2, the concept of force was introduced.2. As early as the 1940s, it was found that semiconductors are very useful.3. This result can also be arrived at in another way.4. At that time no use was made of this phenomenon/…, thisphenomenon was made no use of.5. This point will be dealt with in the next section.IV、1. This computer works than that one (does)/This computer is much better in performance than that one (is)..4. The greater the resistance, the longer time it takes for the capacitor to reach its maximum voltage/…, the longer time is required for the capacitor to reach its maximum voltage.)5. The current as small as 0.1 A cannot produce enough heat.V、或:We can determine the weight of the body easily.6. The results obtained values. […are in agreement with the experimental values.]练习7I、1. It will take a few months to design this kind of aircraft with the help of a computer.2. It is left as a problem to [for] the reader to show that this expression holds.3. The program to be executed is stored in this unit.4. This valley acts as the foundation on which to build the dam.5. In this laboratory there are many kinds of instrument for students to choose from.6. Let t0 equal/be equal to zero.7. The farther away the target (is), the longer time it takes for the echo to return.8. For the series to converge, x must be less than 1.9. We find this concept very difficult to understand.10. This method makes it much easier to detect targets.11. This factor will affect the ability of a computer to store information.12. We have to find out how large to make r so as for the series to converge.13. This is a pen to draw pictures with.14. Elasticity is the tendency of a body to return to its original condition after being deformed.15. Ordinary matter is said to be electrically neutral.16.This property makes it possible for metals to be made into any shape.17. This table is unfit for a student to do experiments on.18. Now we consider what path of integration to take.II、of impurities to练习8I、1. The amplifier amplifies the received signals.2. Moving molecules have kinetic energy.3. Speed equals distance divided by time.4. V oltage equals/is equal to current multiplied by resistance.5. The resistance of air increases with the increased/increasing/an increase in speed.8. This book, properly used, will be of great help to the reader.9. Flowing through a circuit, the current will lose part of its energy.10. Given/Knowing time and speed, we/one can find out distance.11. Having studied this chapter, the student will understand/will have understood the principle of a computer.12. The speed of light being extremely great, we cannot measure it by ordinary methods.13. Several comsats were launched, all of them (being) high-altitude satellites.14. Called “the mother of all networks,” the Internet is a widely used international network.15. This force can be resolved into two components, one (being) horizontal and the other vertical.II、1.Let us construct/draw a circle with the origin as the center and ofradius R.2.This parameter should be measured with E grounded.3. With no resistance in the circuit, the current will increase indefinitely.4. With this in view, we have written this book.5. This paper introduces a new design method/technique, with emphasis on its principle.III、1.Let us consider designing a computer.2.We refer to these components as being passive.3.This involves taking the Fourier transform.4.On/Upon rearranging the above equations, we obtain the following setof equations.5.In using this equation, it does not matter which plane is considered asIV、1.2.3.4.5.练习9I、1. The problem was not solved until a completely different method was introduced.2. Nearly 100 years passed before the existence/presence of subatomic particles was confirmed by experiment/experimentally.3. The year this device was invented, World War II broke out.4. Small as they are, atoms are made up of still smaller particles.II、1. The relation that voltage is the product of current and resistance applies to all the dc circuits.2. The discovery that magnetism can produce current is extremely important in the field of electricity.3. An equation is an algebraic statement that two algebraic expressions are equal.4. There is evidence that no life exists on the moon.5. The question now arises whether the algorithm is of practical use.6. In this case there is no guarantee that the series is convergent.7. There is a growing/increasing awareness that these techniques/methods are very useful.8. One of/Among the most noteworthy achievements at that time was the realization that light consists of electromagnetic waves.10. Besides/In addition that the properties of the material should be included in the analytical model, we must take other factors into account.III、1.These features make it difficult for electronic counter-measure systemsto intercept, analyze and jam this kind of signals.2. The existence of and the ability to control these phenomena make those devices possible.3. The variation of/in the number of the filter’s teeth has a greater effect on the performance of its passband than the variation of/in its dimensions.4. Scalar detection will result in the loss of some phase information.5. Fig. 6 shows the schematic diagram of measuring scatter parameters by the natural parameter transformation method.练习10I、1. Now it remains to be determined when the series converges.2. It is clear from Dubamel’s Theorem that this limit exists.3. It follows from Maxwell’s hypothesis that whenever there is a change in an electric field, a magnetic field is produced.4. It does not matter whether the magnet is moved in this case.5. Temperature determines in what direction the transfer of heat will take place.6. It is now a well-known fact that all matter consists of tiny particles.II、1. What a generator does is (to) change mechanical energy into electrical energy.2. What this chapter describes/What is described in this chapter is of great importance.3. Matter is what can occupy space.6. Magnitude, direction, and place of application are what we call the three elements of a force.7. These numbers constitute what is known as the real number system.8. In what follows, we shall acquaint ourselves with some basic concepts.III、1. An x-band wave-guide test system is shown in Fig.7. [或:Fig. 7 shows …].2. This method lowers the requirement for the hardware of a samplenetwork.3. On the basis of the above analysis of the decomposition of the polynomial, a novel configuration results. [或:The above analysis of the decomposition of the polynomial results in a novel configuration.]4. Finally, an analysis of packet loss probability is made by computer simulation.5. The sparse ratio of the resulting impedance matrix is as high as 40%.练习11I、1. The meter (that/which) we use to measure the voltage across a resistor is called a voltmeter.2. Computers are the most efficient assistants (that) man has ever had.3. Now this disease is no longer the serious problem (that) it once was.4. Radar can measure the time (that) it takes for the radio echo to return.5. We must calculate the distance (that/through which) the body is lifted.6. The direction (that/in which) a body moves is also very important.7. The number of times (that/by which) this particle vibrates per/a second is called/termed/named/known as/spoken of as/referred to as frequency.8. We equate these two ratios, from which the simplest formula follows/results.9. It is necessary to determine the time when/that/at which the y-component has decreased to zero.10.. The curve the y-coordinate of each point on which is zero is just the x-axis.II、1. The point at which the circle cuts the axis of reals is where α= ω.2. The force of gravity means the force with which the earth attracts a body.3. The surface of a picture tube upon which the electrons produce the picture is called the screen.4. The author would like to express thanks to the editors of the series of which this book is a part/to which this book belongs.5. This is a parallelogram of which the two given vectors are/form sides.6. The pressure is equal to the total force divided by the area over which it is exerted.7. The two elements of which water consists are hydrogen and oxygen.8. This depends on the efficiency with which electrons are produced.III、1. As the title indicates, this chapter will discuss nonlinear equations.2. As the name shows, a fluid is a substance which flows readily.3. This single force produces the same effect as is produced by those forces together.4. Now we are able to solve such differential equations as occur in physics.5. This function can be accomplished by using the full adder as was described in the previous section.6. These concepts enable us to understand a wide range of phenomena in electrostatics, or “static electricity,” as it is called.7. This current is, as predicted, very small,8. First let us consider the simplest circuit as shown on page 2.IV、1. This is a slightly higher value than we predicted.2. This reactor can produce more fuel than it consumes.3. Let us consider the case when the torque is zero.4. We must determine the values of currents and voltages after the switch closes.5. During the ten years since this book was first published, significant changes have taken place/have been seen in metal-making.V、of voice service.2. This paper presents a an 8098 microcontroller to series-communicate with a 386 personal computer.analysis is made of the effect of equalization parameters on equalization performance.]4. Each receiver channel in Fig. 1 contains an RF a an IF amplifier, an A/Detc.”的黑点重合在一起了)5. The larger the abnormal extent (is), the larger is the residual mismatch, with the curve going up.练习12I、1. be grounded;2. be carried;3. be raised;4. be;5. not try;6. be; be satisfied;7. be;8. be; was; have;10. were concentrated; 11. had been; 12. were moving; 13. is going to rain; 14. be; 15. leakII、1. Should anything abnormal happen, switch/turn off the power supply at once/immediately.2. Had electronic computers not been used, it would have taken them a long time to solve this problem.3. It is very important that all solutions (should) be checked in the original equation.6. We could also have used Theorem (6) to derive the result.7. The requirement that energy (should) be conserved must be satisfied.8. Everything here, be it a component or a device, is home-made.III、1. It was this scientist who/that discovered this phenomenon a century ago.medium.4. It is not clear yet under what conditions it is that this formula can be used.5. This property we call inertia.IV、1. The author is engaged in the teachingand recognition.2. Let P and Q be two Boolean permutations of the same order, and then their composition is a new Boolean permutation.3. Three algorithms are presented, which can remarkably reduce the time to raise the pen, thus raising the drawing efficiency.4. What this paper describes is of great interest to communications engineers.5. The minimum entropy technique for estimating the Doppler frequency rate is presented, which has the advantages over the classical techniques of high accuracy and a small amount of computation.练习13II、1. By electromagnetic force is meant the potential difference across the battery when there is no flow of current.2. In the table below/which follows are listed various parameters of familiar computers.3. An element cannot be decomposed, nor can it be broken up by chemical methods.4. Only when x = 8, does this equation hold/apply.5. Of particular importance/Especially important are the two concepts which follow.6. Such a set we call the mathematical system.7. Rarely does one know this function with precision.8. This interrelationship between electric and magnetic fields makes possible such things as the electromagnet and the electric motor.9. Not until 1818 was the diffraction of light interpreted/explained.10. By no means do electrons move from the positive terminal to the negative terminal in a wire.II、1. The effect of air resistance is discussed in Chapter 15, and the decrease in acceleration with altitude in Chapter 17.2. It is necessary to determine the charge on and the voltage across this capacitor.3. In this case, no standard is needed, but only a numerical convention.4. This voltage is greater than or equal to 0.4 volts.5. The cathode, when heated, emits electrons.6. Every body, whether accelerated or not, is considered (to be) in equilibrium.7. If necessary, the wire will be covered with some insulation.8. The transistor has its materials arranged p-n-p, hence the name pnp transistor.III、1. An initial analysis is made of the performance of the device.2. The magnetic field is the space around a magnet occupied by the magnetic lines of force.3. This leads to the battery voltage in the model of 500 mV.4. This graph shows the variation with frequency of the resistance of the resistor.5. This is responsible for the direct return to the atmosphere of more than half the water that falls on the land.6. The question now arises how these unknowns can be determined.7. It is necessary to determine the effect on the device of changing the ambient temperature.8. The assumption has been made that the pressure always remains constant during the test.IV、1. The simulation results show that both the schemes are easy to implement.2. The model and algorithm proposed in this paper are to a certain degree/extent superior in performance to the conventional BP algorithm.3. A new technique for estimating the frequency deviation is proposed which gives a high accuracy and requires a small amount of computation.4. Improvement of the accuracy of range alignment in ISAR imaging (by) using the super resolution technique5. Research on and the realization of DTMF in a Cipher Coder6. Analysis of the ability of a quartz flexibility accelerometer to resist bad environment练习14I、1.then; Next2.while3.of course4.However5.In general; while6.Hence7.In fact8.For instance9.but; However; namely [that is]10.InsteadII、It has been observed that bodies do not change their state of rest or motion until some other body forces them to do it. It is known form experiment that a body at rest tends to stay at rest unless a force is applied to make it move. A book lying on a table stays there unless a force is applied to move it. It is also known that any body, once (it is) in motion, will continue to move because of its inertia. To stop it a force must be applied by any other body.III、1. An analysis of the EMI spectrum at the input of the SMPS and its suppression2. Also, a quantitative expression for the effect of all these factors on the performance of the system3. This device can detect whether an IC functions properly or not/can detect the quality of an IC and4. In this way, the area of an antenna site may be reduced to one-third that of the conventional one.5. H and H’练习15I、Semiconductors are a substance whose conductivity lies/comes/is between that of conductors and that of non-conductors. Common examples are silicon and germanium./Silicon and germanium are intheir conductivity. Therefore/Thus/So/As a result, semiconductors are widely used for automaticallyII、ξ1 andη3.3. The features of this new algorithm are simplicity and objectivity.4. It deserves to be further studied which nonlinear function should be selected.5. The test of the system was conducted at a factory in Hong Kong with satisfactory results.练习16I、1.This paper presents a new temperature-measuring method, with emphasis on its basic principles.2. This point remains to be further studied.3. In the previous section, we dealt with the composition of a computer.4. It follows from this experiment that volume is inversely proportional to pressure.5. This statement has been verified.II、1. This new method has many advantages over those available/over the existing ones.2. The variation of pressure with temperature is obvious.3. We can determine the response of the device to frequency.4. This paper deals with the effect/influence/impact of EM waves on/upon human bodies.5. This paper presents initial researches on fluids.III、1. Two other parameters are also very important.2. This section introduces four additional/added kinds of instrument.3. A robot is a special kind of electronic device.4. We shall adopt a new set of parameters here.5. This technology has reached the advanced world level.6. Major theoretical developments in the 20th century are presented in this paper.IV、1. This cable has an approximate length of 20 meters/a length of approximately 20 meters.2. These pipes have an average length of slightly/a little/a bit under/less than 5 meters.3. Light has a speed through water of 224 million meters per second.4. Any other sea does not have as high a salt content as the Dead Sea (does).5. This force has a torque arm of zero.6. These forms have the advantage that it is easy to see how the results are affected by changing the angles.V、1. some distilled water2. the unknown substances3. man-made satellites4. amplitude-modulated signals5. chromium-plated steel6. the new racing cars7. freely falling bodies8. blue-lined paper9. an acute-angled triangle10. a wide-toothed sawVI、1. This method requires a much smaller amount of computation than that one (does).2. This device consumes much less energy that that one (does).3. We should use as simple a structure as possible.4. We have obtained satisfactory/satisfying results.5. Body A possesses more potential energy than body B.6. This fluorescent screen displays clearer pictures than that one.VII、1. …… because of fairly low conductivity of the skin.2. At temperatures greater than 80o C, …….3. At/For/With constant pressure, …….4. At/On/After the completion of all tests on the unit, …….5. For/With small values of ω, ……VIII、1. Operation beyond this hyperbola will result in diode power dissipation in excess of its maximum rating of 1W.2. Inclusion of the meter circuit in the feedback path minimizes the effects of diode nonlinearities on circuit performance.3. Differentiation of this equation gives the following expression.4. A temperature rise of 50o C/A rise in/of temperature by 50o C would damage the device.5. The large size of the resistor makes it possible to neglect it.6. Limited space allows only a brief discussion of quartz-crystal technology.IX、1. This fraction is rationalized by multiplying the numerator and denominator by the complex conjugate.2. The addition of two complex numbers is accomplished by separately adding the real and imaginary parts.3. The/Its solution is accomplished by first finding out I1.4. These three parameters are related by the following equation.5. V is related to t by Eq. (1–1).X、This paper presents a new design method, with emphasis on the guidelines of thought for its derivation. It has many advantages over those available [the existing ones]. Finally [Lastly], Its application is illustrated with an example.XI、1. Fig. 3 shows a transmission line with a length of I and a characteristic impedance of 500 Ω.2. Although there are many ways to produce random numbers, the procedure for producing them is quite complicated.3. As is known, when one reads a Chinese character, he or she does not consider every detail in it.4. The Hash algorithm is a scheme by which data of any length can be compressed into data of a fixed length.5. The number of times this value occurs in the observations is given in the first column.练习17I、1. (略)2. David J. Minot attended the University of California, Berkeley, CA. from 1994 – 1998. He earned the BS degree in botany there in 1998, and the M. Eng. Degree in electrical engineering from the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada in 2000. Since 2004 he has been working towards the Ph.D. degree in computer science at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.In 1998 he served as a teaching assistant at the University of California. From 2000 to 2001 he was with the Moore School of Electrical Engineering, University of Pennsylvania. His research interests concentrate on the development of software.II、This device can identify whether an IC functions properly or not and it can determine the type of an unknown chip. It can test as many as more than 700 kinds of IC. It is characterized by easy operation, high testing speed and great portability. Its price is only about one-third that of the imported product of its kind/the same kind.III、1. It is important how the transmitting antenna pattern is determined./What is important is how to determine the transmitting antenna pattern.2. δandδe can be obtained from Eqs. (3) and (4).3. There are two factors controlling the diffusive signal process: (1) the diffusive signal, which can bea brightness signal or a motion-matching signal; (2) the position of the diffusive signal, which determines where the diffusive process starts.4. The following concept is one of the basic principles on which the neural system is based.5. A method to increase the accuracy of range alignment by applying the forward-backward linear prediction is presented.练习18I、1. Frequency is defined as the rate at which something occurs./By frequency is meant the rate at which something happens.2. A thermometer is an instrument for measuring temperature.3. Elasticity is defined as the tendency of an object to return to its original state after being deformed./By elasticity is meant the tendency ….4. An isosceles triangle is a triangle/one having two equal sides/having two sides equal in length/with two sides equal in length.5. An electron is a particle with a mass of 9.107×10– 18 gram.II、The wavelet theory has so unique an advantage that it has found wide applications in many fields of engineering. Since this is the development and improvement of the Fourier analysis, it can, in principle, be used [A development and improvement of the Fourier analysis, this theory can, in principle, be used] where the traditional Fourier analysis is applicable. What is more, better results may be obtained on account of the fact that this theory overcomes the shortcomings of the Fourier analysis.III、1. This method imposes few limitations on the kinds of engineering drawings.2. Because of the great difference in characteristic between these symbols, they are processed in different ways.3. For these reasons, it is desirable for a computer to separate the text from the image.4. These variations are so small that they can be neglected/so small as to be neglected.。
西安电子科技大学入学考试英语专1
【英语】入学考试模拟试题一1、close(I)、 When someone gives you a present, it is very (1)______ to neglect to thank him for it. If it is given to you personally, you may thank him right away, though a note of thanks or a(n) (2)______ reference to the gift in a later letter always gives pleasure. If the gift is sent to you, you should write a letter of (3)______ at once. Try to thank of the things you like about the gift and mention (4)______ in the letter.Polite (5)______ in China demand that a person stand up when anyone enters a room or when anyone hands him something. In the West people do not stand up nearly so frequently. When you are (6)______ a cup of tea or something to eat, for example, it is not correct to rise or even to make a slight rising movement. Remain seated and receive it with a slight (7)______ of the head and a smile and say, "Thank you."If you are a man you must rise (8)______ feet when a lady comes up but not otherwise. A lady rises only when she is (9)______ to the host or to the guest of honor, or to a considerably older woman, not otherwise.In China we use two hands when giving something to a person, or when receiving it, if we want to be very (10)______.1.A. polite B. thoughtful C. impolite D. attentive2.A. slight B. uneasy C. excessive D. appreciative3.A. thanks B. reply C. answers D. attitude4.A. them B. thank C. it D. kindness5.A. tastes B. manners C. circumstances D. habits6.A. introduced B. offered C. asked D. suggested7.A. inclination B. affection C. intention D. attention8.A. to B. from C. up D. at9. A. called B. introduced C. suggested D. asked10.A. careful B. polite C. graceful D. civilized答案: CDACB BAABB(II)、 Many men tried to fly like birds. They made wings for themselves, usually of feather and tried to fly (1)______ moving their arms as a bird (2)______ None of them was successful.A bird has a very light body but very strong wing muscles. A man on the contrary has a(3)______ body and not very strong arm muscles. A man will never fly like a bird. His muscles are not (4)______. He can only fly properly in a plane with an engine. There is a kind of plane that doesn't have an engine. It (5)______ a glider. It's pulled into the air, rather like (6)______ a kite. If there is a good wind, it can (7)______ into the air and sometimes cover long distances. Some men didn’t find sitting in a glider (8)______. They wanted to glide by (9)______ wings, like the "bird men" of old time. But the wings of the modern "bird men" were different. They were straight and strong. They weren’t (10)______ feathers.1. A. by B. through C. with D. in2. A. moves B. does C. has D. looks3. A. strong B. light C. heavy D. big4. A. strong enough B. enough strongC. light enoughD. hard enough5. A. is spoken B. is said C. is called D. is named6. A. fly B. flying C. to fly D. putting7. A. rise B. raise C. run D. rush8. A. so excited B. too excitedC. exciting enoughD. very excited9. A. being B. doing C. having on D. wearing10. A. made from B. made into C. made of D. make of答案: ABCAC BDADC2、Reading Comprehension(1)、Ben was a poor man with a large family. One morning, waking up very early from cold and hunger, he decided to go shooting in a wood near his home. The wood belonged to a rich gentleman, and Ben had no right to go there. But, in the wood there were lots of rabbits and birds that were good to eat, and Ben determined to take the risk. Suddenly he saw the owner, with a group of friends, coming towards him in the woo d there was a look of anger on the rich man's face as he saw the gun in Ben's hands.Ben's heart sank with fear, but he saw there was no hope of escape, so he walked boldly up to these people and said to the gentleman, "good morning, sir, and what has brought you out so early this morning?" the rich man, rather surprised, said he and his friends were taking a little exercise to get an appetite for their breakfast. Then, looking at Ben with suspicion (怀疑), he said, “but why are you so early in the morning? Well, sir,” said Ben, “I just come out to see if i could get a breakfast for my appetite." the whole crowd burst into laughter at Ben's ready wit, and with a smile the rich man walked on. Leaving Ben to try his luck with the rabbits.1. This is a story about ______.A. a rich man who owned a big woodB. a poor man who lived all by himselfC. a clever man who tried to get something to eat for his breakfastD. a hunter with a large family2. One morning Ben went to a wood ______.A. to get a little exerciseB. to take in some fresh airC. hoping to get something to eatD. to visit the rich owner3. There was a look of anger on the rich man's face. Why?A. he was not expecting Ben at this early hour.B. he knew Ben was there hunting.C. he didn't like the poor man at all.D. Ben had not told him he would come.4. Why was the rich man surprised?A. he had not expected such a bold question from Ben.B. he wondered why Ben didn't run away.C. Ben wasn't afraid of him.D. Ben had a gun in his hands.5. Ben's ______ made the whole crowd burst into laughter.A. funny looks。
西安电子科技大学 西电 网络大专 英语(一)下
西安电子科技大学网络与继续教育学院《英语(一)(下)》期末考试试题Ⅰ.交际与对话(每题3分,共15分)此部分共有5个未完成的对话,针对每个对话中未完成的部分有4个选项,请从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确选项。
1.—________.—I have a burning stomachache.A.Have you had your lunch?B. What’s the trouble?C. What are you doing?D. How happy you are!答案:B解析:英语医生询问病人用语。
2. —Could you post the letter for me, please?—_________________A. With pleasure.B. No, I couldn’tC. Yes, I could.D. Not at all.答案:A解析:请求别人帮忙,人家会说“很乐意”。
英语习惯表达法。
3. — Would you like to order now?—_________________A. I’m full now.B. Thank you. It’s very kind of you.C. But the price is high.D. Yes, I’d like soup and the fish.答案:D解析:服务员要求客人点菜。
4. —I’d like to book a flight to Shanghai, please.—_________________A. Yes, sir, single or return?B. Do you mind if I said no?C. No, of course not.D. You can’t. We are busy.答案:A解析:预订航班,所以问单程票抑或来回票。
5. —Could I use your computer tonight?—_________________. I’m not using it right now.A. I don’t know.B. Who cares?C. It doesn’t matter.D. Sure, go ahead.答案:D解析:表示同意。
西安电子科技大学网络教育高起点《大学英语》入学测试模拟题及答案11
西安电子科技大学网络教育高起点《大学英语》入学测试模拟题及答案11 Reading Comprehension:(1)、A grown-up person has ten or eleven pints (品脱) of blood inside his or her body. We can lose a pint of blood without feeling anything, but if we lose a great deal of blood, we feel weak and cold our face be comes pale. We may die.This is what often happens when somebody is hurt in an accident, or a soldier is wounded in a battle. Many people used to die in this way. But nowadays they can be taken to hospital and given more blood almost at once they feel better. Their faces are no longer pale. They do not die.Where does this blood come from? People who are healthy give some blood so that it can be used in this way. Every three months they go to a place where blood is collected a special kind of needle is put into the arm. It does not hurt. The blood runs through the needle and through a rubber tube into a bottle. A pint of blood is taken in this way. Then the person who has given the blood drinks a cup of tea or coffee. He sits down for a few minutes. Then he feels quite well and goes off. Three months later he comes back and gives another pint.A person who gives blood in this way feels happy. He knows that his blood will be used to save someones life. Perhaps one day he himself will need bloodwhen you are older, you may decide to give blood in this way. But you cannot do this until you are eighteen.1. There are ______ in the body of a grown up.A. ten pints of bloodB. ten or eleven pints of bloodC. ten and eleven pints of bloodD. more than ten pints of blood2. When people who have lost a lot of blood ______, they feel better very quickly.A. are given more bloodB. are given good treatmentC. are taken good care ofD. are given a long rest3. When someone gives blood, the blood is collected ______.A. in a rubber tubeB. in a glass bottleC. through a deviceD. through a special kind of needle4. A person who has given blood can give blood again______.A. after sixty daysB. every three weeksC. after three monthsD. more than three months5. A person cannot give blood if he is ______.A. twentyB. a studentC. no more than eighteenD. strong enough答案:BADCC推荐:西安电子科技大学网络教育入学测试模拟题及答案汇总各院校2019年秋季网络教育录取查询入口汇总。
西安电子科技大学研究生专业英语文献翻译大作业样例
A Simple Circular-to-Rectangular Waveguide TransitionEric L. Holzman, Senior Member, IEEEAbstract —We describe a novel one-step 11T E -mode circular waveguide to 10T E -mode rectangular waveguide transition. The primary advantage of this device over existing transitions is its ease of fabrication. We have incorporated our transition into a number of waveguide components operating at V-band. The transition’s measured return loss exceeds 15 dB over a 12% bandwidth c entered near 60 GHz.Index Terms —Circular waveguides, rectangular waveguides, waveguide junctions, waveguide transitions, waveguides.Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION①TRANSITIONS between metal electromagnetic waveguides of different cross sections are probably nearly as old as waveguides themselves. ②In particular, horn and reflector antennas often use circular waveguide feeds but require more standard rectangular waveguide for connection to the rest of the microwave system. ③A variety of methods exist for transforming between a circular waveguide propagating the 11T E mode and a rectangular waveguide propagating the mode. A gradualtransition, in which the rectangular cross section is transformed continuously over the length of the transition into a circular cross section, provides very low insertion loss and high return loss over a broad bandwidth, but is relatively long. ④The bandwidth of a stepped transition, in which the rectangular waveguide is matched to the circular waveguide via one or more intermediate structures of constant cross section, increases with the number of steps [1]–[5]. We also can butt the rectangular and circularwaveguides directly together with an iris at the junction for matching [6]. ⑤All these structures require a significant amount of precision machining, especially in the millimeter-wave bands, where the waveguide dimensions are small.We describe a simple, easy-to-implement, one-step transition for dominant mode circular to rectangular waveguide. ⑥The transition requires a single machining operation to fabricate. Our design appears to be novel.Ⅱ. CONCEPT⑦Fig. 1 shows a conventional one-step circular-to-rectangular waveguide transition, much like that described in [5]. Typically, the step is the output of the component with the circular waveguide. ⑧The circular waveguide has a diameter that is greater than the height of standard rectangular waveguide if we are to operate at least 10% above the 11T E mode cutoff frequency. ⑨Thus, to machine a one-step transition out of a block of metal, the circular waveguide is drilled from one end a precisely controlled depth, leaving exactly enough distance to machine the transition step from the other end of the block.Ourtransition, shownin Fig. 2, is much simpler to fabricate. We drill the circular waveguide completely through the metal block fromeitherside. Then we machine the transition slot to the desired end of the block in a single operation. ⑩This transitioncan even be addedasan“after-thought” to structures that were created without one.⑪Because the circular waveguide diameter is greater than the step height, the transition cross-sectional structure is a complex shape, perturbed by the circular waveguide as shown in Fig. 2(b). However, with available three-dimensional(3-D) numericalelec- tromagnetic simulators and optimizers, we easily can select the transition length and cross-sectional dimensions for the optimum impedance match and lowest insertion loss.The transition in Fig. 2 is sized to operate from 57 to 64 GHz.⑫ For this frequency range, we use WR-15 rectangular waveguide,0.148 in wide and 0.074 in high with aT E mode cutoff frequency of 39.9 GHz. ⑬Full radius WR-15 waveguide, shown in 10Fig. 2(a), is easier to machine, and its width of 164 mils makes it electrically equivalent to the standard waveguide. Our transition will operate with either waveguide. The circular waveguide has aT E mode cutoff frequency of 49.1 GHz.11⑭The next higher order mode, theT M mode, cuts off at 64.1 GHz.01Ⅲ. PERFORMANCEWe have built many of the V-band transitions shown in Fig. 2 and used them on horn antennas, transmitters, and receivers. Fig. 3 shows a photograph of an actual transition. We used computer simulation technology’s (CST) microwave studio to de- sign and analyze the transition, and the predicted and measured input match are shown in Fig. 4. In addition, the predicted performance of a conventional one-step transition (see Fig. 1) is shown for comparison. We measured the transition’s return loss with a WR-15 scalar analyzer. The test fixture consisted of a well-matched circular waveguide horn with the transition machined at its input. We loaded the horn with a crude taper made from foam absorber. The transition’s measured return loss is greater than 15 dB over a 12% bandwidth centered near 60 GHz. The frequency shift of the return loss maximum and overall decrease in return loss are caused by our imperfect V-band load.⑮To understand the impact of machining tolerances better, we performed some tolerance analyses with our simulation software. We observed a roughly 200-MHz change in passband center frequency per 0.001-in change in slot height. The center frequency changed about half as much per 0.001-in change in slot width. In both cases, there was essentially no change to the depth of the return loss null at the band center. ⑯The most sensitive dimension is the depth of the slot, which shifts the passband about 250 MHz higher per 0.001-in decrease.Because higher order rectangular waveguide modes are above cutoff within the slot transition, and the circular waveguideT M propagates above 64 GHz, we01performed simulations to study E- and H-plane misalignment of the WR-15 waveguide relative to the slot transition and circular waveguide, which were kept perfectly aligned. Misalignment along the H-plane (width of slot) slightly perturbs the center frequency of the passband, about 70 MHz increase per 0.001-in offset. Mis-alignment in the E-plane is more deleterious, with the primary effect being the occurance of a low return loss resonance at 59.3 GHz. WR-15 waveguides are precision aligned with dowel pins, and with these in place we observed no resonance in our measurement (see Fig. 4). However, when we removed the dowel pins and intentionally misaligned the transition and WR-15 test waveguide, we measured the resonance in the return loss at 58.9 GHz.Ⅳ.CONCLUSIONWe have described a novel, single-step, simple to fabricate circular waveguide to rectangular waveguide transition. The transition has the same bandwidth as a conventional single-step transition. It requires a single machining operation to construct and can be added as an “after-thought” to structures that were created without a transition.REFERENCES[1]G. Spinner and L. Treczka, “Waveguide transition,” U.S. Patent 3 686 589, Aug. 22, 1972.[2]M. Schneider, “Coupling for two electromagnetic waveguides with dif- ferent cross-sectional shapes,” U.S. Patent 5 886 588, Mar. 23, 1999.[3]S. Stuchly and A. Kraszewski, “Wide-band rectangular to circular wave- guide mode and impedance transformer,” IEEE Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 379–380, May 1965.[4]U. Rosenberg, J. Bornemann, and K. Rambabu, “Analysis and design offlange-integrated rectangular-to-circular waveguide transformers for splashplate antenna feeds,” in Proc. 32nd Eur. Microwave Conf., Milan, Italy, Sep. 2002, pp. 601–604.[5]M. Mongiardo and C. Tomassoni, “Modal analysis of discontinuities between elliptical waveguides,” IEEE Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 48, no. 4, pp. 597–605, Apr. 2000.[6]C. Fischer, “Radar rotary joint,” U.S. Patent 4 654 613, Mar. 31, 1987.一、语言点①as old as比较级,表示和...一样老②介词for表目的,the rest of...表示剩余的...③propagating动名词作定语修饰前面的waveguide④in which引导的定语从句,说明前面的transition⑤where引导的定语从句,进一步说明前面的东西⑥machining动名词作定语,介词to表目的⑦much like that described in作插入语补充说明,that代词指代前面的东西⑧greater than...比较级用法,表示比...大⑨leaving distance动名词短语作状语,后面的to不定式表目的⑩that引导的定语从句⑪ as shown...如...所示,shown过去分词表示被动⑫介词for表示因为...⑬shown过去分词作定语,表被动⑭theT M mode同位语说明前面的mode01⑮ to不定式表目的⑯the depth of... 表示...的深度二、翻译:1、④The bandwidth of a stepped transition, in which the rectangular waveguide is matched to the circular waveguide via one or more intermediate structures of constant cross section, increases with the number of steps.当矩形波导通过一个或多个等截面中间结构与圆波导匹配时,阶跃过渡的带宽随阶跃次数的增加而增加。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-西安电子科技大学考试预测题精选专练VII(附带答案)卷10
2022年考研考博-考博英语-西安电子科技大学考试预测题精选专练VII(附带答案)第1套一.综合题(共25题)1.单选题Despite his ____ planning, the exposition turned out to be a failure.问题1选项A.exquisiteB.exhaustedC.elaborateD.insufficient【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. exquisite精美的;精致的B. exhausted筋疲力尽的;疲惫不堪的C. elaborate详尽的;精心制作的D. insufficient不充分的;不足的【答案】C系,后半句讲博览会是失败的,则可以推测前半句中他的计划应该是精心制作的,但是博览会以失败告终。
因此选C。
【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。
【句意】尽管他精心策划,博览会还是失败了。
2.翻译题This reduction (减化) of Boolean expressions (布尔表达式) eliminates (去掉) unnecessary gates (门电路), thereby saving cost, space and weight.【答案】布尔表达式的化简是去掉了不必要的逻辑门电路,从而节省成本、空间和重量。
3.翻译题The current through a conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference (电位差) across it provided there is no change in the physical conditions of the conductor.【答案】如果对于导体没有任何物理变化,那么通过导体的电流正比于通过的电位差。
4.单选题For the past two years, I have been working on students’ evaluation of classroom teaching.I have kept a record of informal conversations (1) some 300 students from at (2) twenty-one colleges and universities. The students were generally(3)and direct in their comments (4)how course work could be bette(5). Most of their remarks were kindly(6)—with tolerance rather than bitterness—and frequently were softened by the (7) that the students were speaking (8) some, not all, instructors. Nevertheless, (9) the following suggestions and comments indicate, students feel (10) with things as they are in the classroom. Professors should be (11)from reading lecture notes. “It makes their(12)monotonous.”If they are going to read, why not (13)out copies of the lecture? Then we(14) need to go to class. Professors should (15) repeating in lectures material that is in the textbook. “(16)we’ve read the material, we want to(17) it or hear it elaborated on, (18)repeated.”问题1选项A.involvingB.countingC.coveringD.figuring问题2选项A.bestB.leastC.lengthrge问题3选项A.reservedB.hard-workingC.politeD.frank问题4选项A.overB.atD.of问题5选项A.presentedB.submittedC.describedD.written问题6选项A.receivedB.addressedC.madeD.taken问题7选项A.occasionB.truthC.caseD.fact问题8选项A.onC.atD.with问题9选项A.thoughB.whetherC.asD.if问题10选项A.dissatisfiedB.unsatisfactoryC.satisfiedD.satisfactory问题11选项A.interferedB.interruptedC.discouragedD.disturbed问题12选项B.soundsC.pronunciationD.gestures问题13选项A.holdB.leaveC.dropD.give问题14选项A.couldn’tB.wouldn’tC.mustn’tD.shouldn’t问题15选项A.refuseB.prohibitC.preventD.avoidA.OnceB.UntilC.HoweverD.Unless问题17选项A.rememberB.argueC.discussD.keep问题18选项A.yetB.notC.andD.or问题19选项A.desiredB.revisedC.requiredD.deserved问题20选项A.aboutB.howC.butD.only【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:D第4题:C第5题:A第6题:C第7题:C第8题:B第9题:C第10题:A第11题:C第12题:A第13题:D第14题:D第15题:D第16题:A第17题:C第18题:B第19题:C第20题:D【解析】1. 【选项释义】A. involving 涉及;包括B. counting 计算C. covering 遮盖;覆盖D. figuring 计算【答案】A【考查点】上下文语义。
西安电子科技大学2021上学期期末考英语(一)
西安电子科技大学2021上学期期末考英语(一)西安电子科技大学2021上学期期末考试英语(一)下姓名专业学号题号一二三四五总分分数得分评卷人I. Choose the best answer to fill in the blanks ( 60 %):1. This book is more interesting than_____ that you have just read. A. this B. these C. one D. the ones2. You will bedismissed_______ you will never be late again. A. unless B. until C.when D. after 3. The board of management______ seven persons.A. consistB. comprisesC. makes upD. compose4. The boy is lonely; he could be happier if he had someone______ he could play. A. who B. with whom C. whom D. that5. This song memories of my childhood in the countryside. A. calls for B. turns offC. calls upD. turns up6. My grandfather’s ideas are always_______ .He is too old to keep upwith the times. A. in style B. in time C. out of style D. out ofthe question 7. It’s surprising that John and his twin brother have nothing_______ . A. in common B. in turn C. in short D. in theend 8. If something unexpected_______at the office, I will be home late.A. risesB. comesC. arisesD. goes 9. It is_______to rain. We’d better take our umbrellas with you. A. likely B. possible C.like D. unlike10. The village is_____ far from the highway that we feel apart from theworld when we are there. A. such B. too C. so D. enough 11. You should ______being late for the appointment with the dentist. A.avoid B. prevent C. keep D. escape 12. The government_____ spiesin secret on a desert road.A. foundB. dismissedC. interviewedD. exchanged 13.What especially impressed us was_____ the doctor handled the emergency.A. the way whichB. the wayC. in the wayD. by the way 14.I hope you will_____ this problem from the point of development. A. look B. notice C. view D. watch 15. How did you______ the captainof the football team?A. go to beB. get to beingC. get to beD. go to being16. A young man______ to teach her water-skiing .A. offeredB. askedC. providedD. invited17. The success of the firm is______ providing good service to the customers. A. depended on B. based on C. trusted on D. imposedon 18. When they heard the discoursing news, the smiles_____ from their faces. A. charged B. turned C. appeared D. faded 19. My motheris always able to______ when I am unhappy. A. say B. explain C. tell D. speak20. The old man said that he would never______his car as long as he could drive. A. give in B. give out C. give out D. give up21. When the results of the vote were announced the PrimeMinister_____defeat. A. acknowledged B. told C. reported D. found 22. The passengers on the plane_____their seat belts when it takes off. A. locked B. took off C. secured D. buttened 23. It was only when Simon finally______ to sleep that the headaches eased. A. drifted off B.took off C. picked up D. gave up 24. Some one was heard______thestairs.A. come upB. to come upC. went upD. goes up25. When Grandma turned 85, her eyes began to________. A. break B.lose C. defeat D. fail26. The people who lived near the river had to_______ the flooding waters.A. escapeB. runC. fleeD. struggle 27. I am busy at the moment. You can put the book______you like. A. whichever B. whenever C. wherever D. whatever 28. I wonder if there is anything_______for you.A. I can doB. which I can doC. that I can doD. which can I do29. Don’t be too nervous. Dr. Smith will_______your health. A. look afterB. worry aboutC. check onD. make sure 30. It seems that the pictureis not hanging________it should on the wall. A. when B. where C.that D. while 31. In my opinion, Nancy is_______her sisters. Do you think so?A. not so polite asB. so not polite asC. not as polite soD. asnot polite as 32. The old professor is now retired. He likes to visit all kinds of museums______. A. in the end B. now and then C. up tillnow D. there and then 33. The dead volcanoes don’t______ fire or melted rock. A. throw at B. throw out C. get away D. set out34. Before she could speak to him, her husband grabbed his coatand______of the door. A. got away B. run away C. shot out D. givenout 35. Just then a grey-haired woman entered______by a boy of about ten.A. supportingB. to supportC. to be supportingD. supported 36.The concert would begin in five minutes,. He quickened his step and______. A. so did I B. so I did C. as I did D. too I did 37.______, the more we realize that there is no limit to its potential. A. The more welearn about the brain B. We learn about the more brain C. The more brain we learn about D. We learn about the brain more 38. That was themeeting_____ every student kept listening.A. from whichB. during whichC. which duringD. which from 39.I remember there used to be a big hole the wall.A. amongB. onC. fromD. in40. I haven’t seen him for weeks, but I’m sure he will______one of these days. A. check on B. drift off C. pop up D. make out 41. It isan_____fact that Mr. Johnson has gone bankrupt. A. abstract B. absoluteC. advancedD. aggressive42. Our manager is always out. The vice manager is the______ head of the business. A. virtual B. virus C. virtuous D. visible 43. A warm welcome_________all our customers on their arrival. A. awaits B. waitsC. awaits forD. waits on 44. I bet the weather_____ get better tomorrow.A. is real toB. is sure toC. is certainD. is bound to45. This research result will not stand if we do not______ there is noforce of friction. A. assist B. assign C. assume D. assert46. This new country didn’t come into______ until the year 1918. A. exhibition B. exception C. exchange D. existence 47. We may_____ alot of opposition to the work scheme.A. come up againstB. come up withC. live up toD. get away with48. She is the person who can be______whenever needed.A. depended onB. deposited onC. focused onD. landed on 49. 100 people died and only 5 people______this earthquake.A. were survived fromB. survived fromC. survivedD. were survived50. The famous scenery spot attracts 2,000 visitors per day______.A. in averageB. below averageC. on an averageD. in an average51. Sam worked hard_____ and was finally promoted.A. all in allB. all at onceC. all aloneD. all the while52. No one would behave so_____as you to argue with the professor. A. badlyB. boldlyC. cleverlyD. cruelly53. As part of their advertising campaign, they distributed______of the product. A. samples B. examples C. instances D. labels 54. Lily has worked here______ ------ever since the company was founded.A. for mostB. for allC. for agesD. for ever 55. Being the ancient capital for six dynasties, Hangzhou is a_____city. A. historic B. human C. historical D. history56. The doctor wanted to buy a new house but he found himself______money.A. short onB. short ofC. shout outD. short off 57. Don’tdisturb your younger brother. He is______his homework. A. putting his mindto B. making his mind to C. making up his mind on D. setting hismind on 58. Peter’s aunt was very angry and kept______in her room.A. moving outB. moving alongC. moving aboutD. moving away59. The boy______from stone to stone and crossed the river. A. leaked B. lapped C. leaned D. leaped 60. The______ in this vase makes it less valuable.A. flawB. shortcomingC. mistakeD. disadvantage得分评卷人II. Blank Filling(10%):Complete the blanks with the correct form of the following words orphrases(10%): (用所给词或短语的正确形式填空)Comfort fail center attach to tremble due to flee encircle trap on one’s feet1. I tried to_______Mary after her husband died.2. These workers have to be______all day, going from one machine to the others.3. Because of the long drought , our corn crop______.4. Thousands of people have been compelled to______the country in makeshift boats.5. The bridge_____as the train went over it.6. A bathroom______his bedroom.7. It is the part of Shanghai in which the commercial and financial interests are chiefly_____. 8. The football game is canceled______ unavoidable circumstances. 9. It was not long before the enemy______ our camp.感谢您的阅读,祝您生活愉快。
西安电子科技大学入学测试机考《(专升本)大学英语》模拟题及答案
西安电子科技大学入学测试机考《(专升本)大学英语》模拟题及答案西安电子科技大学入学测试机考专升本大学英语模拟题1、One of my teeth is so ______ that it is going to be missing soon(2)()A.loseB.looseC.lossD.lost标准答案:B2、—How about taking a walk?—Oh, I think it’s ______ cold for a walk(2)()A.very muchB.too muchC.much tooD.so much标准答案:C3、You are supposed to write your composition every ______ line.(2)()A.oneB.aC.otherD.another标准答案:C4、After living for years in a big city, they found it difficult to settle ______ in a town.(2)()A.forB.atC.upD.down标准答案:D5、The reason for my absence was ______ I had fallen ill.(2)()A.whyB.becauseC.forD.that标准答案:D6、This is the university ______.(2)()A.at which do we studyB.we are studyingC.we are studying atD.where we study at标准答案:A7、It was in this house ______ the important meeting in history was held.(2)()A.whereB.thatC.whichD.in which标准答案:B8、She looked so honest that we all regarded her story ______.(2)()A.like trueB.as trueC.like realD.as real标准答案:B9、Mrs. Brown as well as her children ______ to go Paris on holiday next week.(2)()A.isB.areC.willD.will be标准答案:A10、He is training hard, hoping to ______ a new world record.(2)()A.set offB.set asideC.set upD.set out标准答案:C11、___in the arguments about the morality of artificially reproducing life is the fact that,at present, cloning is a very inefficient procedure.(2)()A.OverlookedB.OverlookingC.Having overlookedD.Having been overlooked标准答案:B12、We’ll___ what our country expects of us.(2)()A.keep up withB.put up withC.stand up toD.live up to标准答案:D13、The writer has listed why cloning is not feasible to be ___on humans.(2)()A.amendedB.adoptedC.adjustedD.adapted标准答案:B14、He was a charming and ___host whose house was an___rendezvous( 集合的) of the great.(2)()A.accomplished, acceptedB.accomplishing, acceptingC.accomplishing, acceptedD.accomplished, accepting标准答案:A15、I think the chief thing that ___ me about Mr. Bush was his kindness and humor.(2)()A.hitB.struckC.beatD.knocked标准答案:B16、Mrs. Clinton was always neatly and quietly dressed ___ her age and status.(2)()A.in regard toB.in accordance withC.in reference toD.in comparison with标准答案:B17、We discussed only such problems ___ concerned everyone of us.(2)()A.thatB.whatC.asD.whether标准答案:A18、After the ___of 17 British passengers, Mr. Blair continued to express his concern over the safety of the other passengers still on board the hijacked airliner.(2)()A.relayB.releaseC.conveyD.transfer标准答案:B19、The “quality” newspapers are often held ___ as an example of impartial journalism.(2)()A.backB.inC.upD.onto标准答案:C20、At the age of 14, he went to his uncle's farm, where he had lessons on botany ___ .(2)()A.self-taughtB.self-teachingC.being self-taughtD.having self-taught标准答案:B21、He can't drive a car. Let ___fly an aero-plane.(2)()A.solitaryB.lonelyC.aloneD.loneliness标准答案:C22、The boy said to his mother in an ___ voice that she shouldn't have blamed him.(2)()A.injuryB.injuriousC.injuredD.injuring标准答案:D23、___how the splendid Maya Culture disappeared all of a sudden from the earth, it remains amystery hard to solve.(2)()A.In turnB.As toC.Thanks toD.As a rule标准答案:B24、In the era of market economy, the concept of “Consumer First” should be ___by manufacturers.(2)()A.rejectedB.reformedC.relivedD.reinforced标准答案:D25、He's widely known more ___a poet than ___a novelist.(2)()A.for,toB.for,asC.as,forD.as,as标准答案:D26、The football match was held over until further notice___the continual rain.(2)()A.on account ofB.thanks toC.but forD.as for标准答案:B27、The rain was heavy and ___the land was flooded.(2)()A.consistentlyB.consequentlyC.constantlyD.continuously标准答案:B28、Another issue ___the new republic is the problem of the education of its citizens.(2)()A.confiningB.confirmingC.confrontingD.contributing标准答案:C29、A window in the kitchen room was ___; there was rubbish everywhere and the clock had been stolen.(2)()A.scatteredB.smashedC.scratchedD.scraped标准答案:B30、Knowing that her son was suffering from a ___ disease, the mother cried her eyes out.(2)()A.deadlyB.dyingC.dead-likeD.deathly标准答案:A31、Some people consider it unwise to ___themselves in a quarrel between husband and wife.(2)()A.participateB.involveC.combineD.associate标准答案:B32、I have just come here to see if I can be___ to you.(2)()A.helpB.of helpC.with helpD.for help标准答案:B33、Imagine ___with someone who never stops ___practical jokes on you.(2)()A.to live, to playB.to live, playingC.living, to playD.living, playing标准答案:B34、The Old Man and the Sea and many other novels ___ Ernest Hemingway the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1954.(2)()A.earned。
西安电子科技大学附中太白校区八年级英语下册期末阅读理解汇编
西安电子科技大学附中太白校区八年级英语下册期末阅读理解汇编一、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项训练1.阅读理解McDull is a cartoon pig character that was created in Hong Kong by Alice Mak and Brian Tse. Although McDull made his first appearances as a supporting character in the McMug comics, McDull has become a central character, attracting a huge following in Hong Kong.McDull is a male pig who can be distinguished by a birthmark on his right eye. He has a heart of gold, but he isn't very smart and ordinary in every way; nevertheless, he has many dreams. However, every time he tries, he fails; he is disappointed, but tries again, exploring other dreams. In this way he creates his own colourful world. He lives his life simply and naturally. He is not perfect, but his attitude towards life, namely never giving up, makes him a popular character. The first McDull movie documented his life and the relationship between him and his mother. As in the comics, McDull is a piglet who lives with his mother, Mrs Mak, in Hong Kong. He is a kindergarten student. He has a happy school life with his classmates including geese, tortoises and other pigs. McDull and his mum love each other very much. McDull tries his best to make his mother proud of him and his mother tries hard to give McDull a happy childhood. After realizing his dream, McDull sets himself another target: to become an Olympic champion just like female windsurfer Lee Laishan.(1)Who created McDull?A. Alice Mak.B. Brian Tse.C. Mrs Mak.D. Both A and B.(2)Which of the following statements is RIGHT?A. McDull is a female pig.B. McDull has a heart of gold.C. McDull is very smart.D. McDull isn't ordinary in every way.(3)What's McDull's attitude towards life?A. He lives his life simply.B. He tries and he fails.C. He never gives up.D. He is not perfect.(4)Which of the following statements is WRONG?A. Mrs Mak loves McDull very much.B. Mrs Mak tries hard to give McDull a happy childhood.C. Mrs Mak lives in Hong Kong.D. Mrs Mak lives with McDull and her husband.2.阅读理解Maybe your childhood piano lessons made you never, want to play the piano again. Perhaps a piano is too expensive for you. Now, thanks to a program in Sydney called "Play Me, I'm Yours", people can play the piano in public places for free. They share beautiful music, and the program also helps them communicate with each other.The government has placed thirty pianos in different parts of the city, including in several parks, at a bus stop and on some streets. "Play Me, I'm Yours" are written on them. People are invited to play music or sing songs with the pianos. The program has interested lots of people to stop to watch or play the pianos."Play Me, I'm Yours" is a part of the Sydney Festival. It is a project of the British artist, LuckJerram. He wants to help people in the city know each other better. He thinks that so many people are sitting in front of computers and busy with their work all hours, and they almost have no chance to enjoy music. So he hopes this can help them relax and make new friends.The program "Play Me, I'm Yours" has also reached England and Brazil(巴西)before. It was warmly welcomed there. But its greatest success seems to come at the Sydney Festival. "It's a chance for people to be creative, know others better and just have some fun," Jerram said.(1)According to the first sentence of the passage, your childhood piano lessons may be .A. boringB. valuableC. interestingD. meaningful(2)Thirty pianos are placed in parts of the city EXCEPT .A. in parksB. at a bus stopC. on streetsD. in a school(3)Luck Jerram wants to help people .A. sing songsB. play the piano for freeC. relax and make friendsD. enjoy beautiful music(4) countries have had the program.A. TwoB. ThreeC. FourD. Five(5)Which is the best title for the passage?A. Beautiful musicB. A British artist, Luck JerramC. The Sydney FestivalD. A program "Play Me, I'm Yours"3.阅读理解Police aren't sure how else to explain it. But when a policeman walked into an apartment on Thursday night to answer a 911 call, a cat was lying by a telephone on the floor. The cat's owner, Gary, was on the ground near his bed having fallen out of his wheelchair.Gary said his cat, Tommy, must have hit the right buttons(按钮)to call 911. He said he couldn't get up because of great pain from his chest(胸口). He also couldn't reach the medicine on the table.The policeman, Patrick, said police got a 911 call from Gray's apartment, but there was no one on the phone. Police called back to make sure everything was OK, and when no one answered, they decided to check things out. That's why Patrick found Tommy next to the phone.Gary got the cat three years ago to help lower his blood pressure (压力). He trained him to call 911, but unsure if the training would work. The phone in the living room is always on the floor, and there are 12 small buttons including a speed dial (快捷键) for 911 right above the button for the speaker phone."He's my hero(英雄)." Gray said.(1)Who made a 911 call to the police?A. Gary.B. Patrick.C. The cat.D. Gary's neighbor.(2)The police got the call because ____________.A. someone broke into Gary's house through the windowB. Tommy liked to play with the phoneC. the cat was in great dangerD. Gary was in danger and needed some help(3)Which of the following is NOT true?A. Gary is a disabled man.B. Gary was saved at last.C. Gary thought the police was his hero.D. Tommy is very clever.4.阅读理解Techeng Island(特呈岛)lies in the southeast of Zhanjiang. The villagers there used to make a living by fishing. But now, most of them make much money by doing business. They believe that their island is a gift from nature and they give thanks to it every day. In 2003, President Hu Jintao came to visit the island and pointed out that the government of Zhanjiang should take the is land into a "civilized new ecotourism island"(文明生态旅游新海岛). Since then, the island has opened a new page in history.Today, the island has become a popular place for tourists. It takes you about 15 minutes to get there by boat from Maxie Pier(码头)near Haibin Park. But it is a just 8-minute boat ride from Zhanjiang Port Pier. In the resort(度假村), you can not only enjoy the fantastic sights but also have a lot of interesting things to do, like walking on the beach, visiting the museum and enjoying the delicious seafood. The best way to relax yourself is to enjoy the hot springs(温泉)there.Welcome to Techeng Island! It's a place to visit!(1)How did the villagers on Techeng Island make a living in the past?A. By doing business.B. By enjoying the fantastic sights.C. By fishing.D. By giving thanks to nature.(2)When has the island opened a new page in history?A. In 2003.B. Since 2003.C. Nobody knows.D. In the past.(3)How long does it take to get there by boat from Zhanjiang Port Pier?A. 8 minutes.B. 15 minutes.C. A long time.D. 23 minutes.(4)The hot springs can help you________.A. enjoy the sightsB. relax yourselfC. eat seafoodD. visit the museum(5)Techeng Island is a place________.A. that lies in the west of ZhanjiangB. where all the villagers live a poor lifeC. that young people may find boringD. that tourists like to visit5.阅读下面的材料,然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
西电硕士专业英语阅读第二版答案
V、练习参考答案练习11.艾米特博士毕业Dr. Emmet graduated from Harvard University in2001.2.李教授1988理工大或机械博士Professor Li earned his Ph.D. degreein mechanical engineering from the Xi’an University of Technology in1988.3.现在转向讨论局域网Now we shall turn to the discussion of local areanetworks.4.质谱仪光谱仪一样重要The Bainbridge mass spectrometer is asimportant an instrument as the optical spectrometer.5.做个试验要多长How long a time [或How much time] is required tothis experiment? The density of a substance is its mass per unitvolume.压力增加体积减少6.An increase in pressure always causes a decrease in volume.图画出了2-2的情况7.Fig. (2-5) shows what is expressed by Eq. (2-2).电感的单位是亨利8.The unit of inductance is the henry.练习2该电路由一个电池电感器电容器组成1.This circuit consists of a battery, an inductor and a capacitor.试计算在abc三点处的电场2. Compute the electric fields at points a, b, and c.3.这颗卫星用于美国与英国法国意大利的通讯This satellite is used for communications between the United States and Great Britain, France and Italy.4. 我们假设该天线是垂直的且其损耗为零We assume that the antennais vertical and that its loss is zero.5. 第678章论述传输线Chapters 6, 7, and 8 deal with transmission lines.II、1. 其误差为千亿分之六Its error is six parts in 1012.2. 这台计算机所存储的信息比那多3倍This computer stores four times more information than that one (does).3. 不久的将来对这种设备的需求量为现在的20倍The demand for this kind of equipment in the near future will be 20 times what it is.4. 这个元件电压为零点几伏特The voltage across this component is a few tenths of a volt.5. 现在其内部的压力被减少了15倍Now its internal pressure is one sixteenth what it was.1. 这种新型计算机与普通相比许多优点This new type of computer has many advantages over the general type.2.解这个微分方程把未知量求出来不困难It is not difficult to solve thisdifferential equation for the unknown quantity.3.在这新的五章中,第一章论述反馈的Of these five new chapters, the first one deals with the basic principles of negative feedback.4. 这时,电流与电压相位差90度At this point/time, current differs inphase from voltage by 90o.5. 通过分析该仪器的参数就能够了解他的性能By analyzing [By theanalysis of] the parameters of the instrument, we can understand itsperformance.6.我们要求出它在这一距离上的平均速度We will find out its averagevelocity over this distance.7. 电子学这门学科在现今世界太重要The science of electronics is tooimportant in the world today.8. 他们极为困难滴解出了这道题They solved this problem with greatdifficulty.II、1. 若x>1则方程成立For x>1, there is no solution to this equation [thisequation has no solution].2. 在吧这些数值代入该方程后,我们得到了下面的表达式Upon [On]substituting [substitution of] these values into [in] theequation, weobtained the following expression..3. 这个电路的工作情况类似图10-1的电路This circuit is similar inoperation to that of Fig. 1-10.4.这台电脑性能很好This computer is very good in performance.5. 这些波只向一个方向传播These waves travel only in one direction.练习41. 该力垂直于桌面The force acts perpendicular to the surface of thetable.2. 这里的三个系数有待于确定The three coefficients here remains to bedetermined.3. 下面两个十字在后面几章将会经常用到The two equations below will be often (frequently) used in later chapters/in the chapters which follow.4. 这里我们使用相距10里面的两个金属球Here we use two metal balls 10 cm apart.5.输出保持不变The output remains/stays constant/unchanged/fixed/unaltered/the same.6. 现有的教科书均讨论了这一问题All the textbooks available discuss this problem.7. 计算机由于运算精准,速度快而得到了广泛应用Accurate in operation and high in speed, computers have found wide applications.8. 这个题的答案看起来是正确的The answer to this problem looks correct.9. 我们将使用一段相距距离为的两根平行导线Two parallel wires a distance (of)δapart carry the current i.10. 现在的问题是如何测量这个元件上的电压The problem now is how to measure the voltage across this component.11. 这些数据将被传到2千米外的计算中心These data will be sent to the computing center 2 kilometers away.12. 在对上面的那个方程整理后,我们得到了下面表达式Upon rearranging the equation above, we have [get, obtain] the following expression.13. 这些电荷能与存在的其他电荷相互作用These charges can interact with other charges present.14. 里可以没有接触而被传递,这与普通的观念相反Forces can be transmitted without contact, contrary to the common belief.15. 这个系数的典型值为This coefficient is typically 0.35.练习5I、1. 这个方程我们可以用一下两种中任何一种来解This equation can be solved in either of the following two ways/the two ways which follow.2. 这个棒球不就会停下来是因为他与地面相互作用This baseball will soon come to rest because of its interaction with the ground.3. 我们把这个系数选为一是正确的Our choice of this coefficient as 1 is correct.4. 从把它定义为力与长度之比,我们可以看出kFrom its definition as the ratio of a force to a length, we can see that k has the same unit as work (does).5. 我门对该机器的分析是很有意义的Our analysis of the machine is of great significance.6. 这有助于吧他们用在电路分析中This facilitates their use in circuit analysis.II、1. 这辆警车装备了想火柴盒那样大小的接收机This police car is equipped with a receiver the size of a matchbox.2. 人们使用一根丝线的百分之一那样粗洗的导线来连接这些部件Wires one hundredth the diameter of a silk thread are used to connect these components.3. 我们必须对这些设备进行水冷却We must water cool these equipments/devices.4. 在过去,电话是靠接线员来连接的In the past, telephone calls were operator connected.5. 交流电可以转换成直流电,这一过程被称为整流AC can be changed/turned/converted/transformed/translated into/to DC, a process called/known as/referred to as rectification.6. 磁铁能吸引铁质材料,这是大家熟悉的现象A magnet attracts iron materials, a familiar phenomenon.7. 计算机能够处理信息二这一过程以前头脑Computers are capable of processing information, a process that previously could be accomplished only inside our heads.8. 外用表量电压电流电阻仪表,广泛使用在电气工程中An instrument for measuring current, voltage, and resistance, the multimeter is widely used in electrical engineering.III、1. 第1.11.2节讨论其他几个问题Secs. 1.1 and 1.2 will discuss several other problems.2. Problems are listed/given on pp. 1-5.3. In the equations above, all h’s are the hybrid parameters.4. The mass of the standard pound is equal to 0.4535924277kilograms.5. All a’s and b’s in Eq. (5-1) are related to the impedance R o.6. We must take the effect of temperature on [upon] semiconductorsintoaccount.7. In this case, the variation of output with input is very small.8. This curve shows the dependence of distance on/upon speed.练习6I、1. 人们会注意到这个头像是实像This image, it will be noticed, is a real image.2. 我们希望,这个技术问题不久就会解决This technical problem, we hope, will be solved soon.3.这一点我们认为在学习数字电子学中是很有用的210is approximately 1000, a fact that we think is very useful in the study of digital electronics.4. 这里应该使用一个比如说100欧的电阻器A resistor of say 100 ohms should be used here.II、1.这些教科书中均没有提到None of those textbooks have/has mentioned this point.2.这些x的值并非都能满足该方程All of these x values cannot satisfythe equation.3.那两个条件在此均没有得到满足Neither of the two conditions issatisfied here.4. 在前一章,我们讨论了能量In the preceding/previous chapter, wediscussed all kinds of force.5.本文论述了设计飞机的一种新方法This paper describes a newmethod for designing aircraft.6. 到上世纪末该公司制造了雷达By the end of the last century, thecompany had manufactured 5 000radars.7. 从2008,这个研究所一直在开发一种特殊机器人Since 2008, this research institute has been developing a special kind of robot.III、1. 介绍李的概念In Section 1-2, the concept of force was introduced.2. 半导体是非常有用的As early as the 1940s, it was found thatsemiconductors are very useful.3. 这一结果也能另法获得This result can also be arrived at in anotherway.4. 当时人们没有使用那一现象At that time no use was made of thisphenomenon/…, this phenomenon was made no use of.5. 这一点下一章谈论This point will be dealt with in the next section. IV、1. This computer works much better than that one (does)/This computer is much better in performance than that one (is)..2.所需元件多得多This computer requires many more components that that one (does).3. 月离地24万英里The distance of the moon from the earth is as great as 240 000 miles.4. 电阻越大,电容器达到其最大电压所需时间越长The greater the resistance, the longer time it takes for the capacitor to reach its maximum voltage/…, the longer time is required for the capacitor to reach its maximum voltage.)5.01a电流不能产生足够热The current as small as 0.1 A cannot produce enough heat.练习7I、1. 借助于计算机设计这种飞机至于要几个月的时间It will take a few months to design this kind of aircraft with the help of a computer.2. 证明这个表达式成立就留作读者的一个习题It is left as a problem to [for] the reader to show that this expression holds.3. 要执行的程序存储在这一单元The program to be executed is stored in this unit.4. 这山谷用作为建大坝的基础This valley acts as the foundation on which to build the dam.5.这实验室中有许多种仪表供学生选择In this laboratory there are many kinds of instrument for students to choose from.6.设等于零Let t0 equal/be equal to zero.7.目标离得越远,回拨返回所需时间越长The farther away the target (is), the longer time it takes for the echo to return.8.为是该级数收敛,x必须小于1 For the series to converge, x must be less than 1.9.我们发现这个概念很难理解We find this concept very difficult to understand.10.这方法使得检测目标容易多了This method makes it much easier to detect targets.11. 这个因素会影响计算机存储信息的能力This factor will affect the ability of a computer to store information.12. 我们求出是r为多大时才能使用该级数收敛We have to find out how large to make r so as for the series to converge.13. 这是画画所用的笔This is a pen to draw pictures with.14. 弹性是物体形变后能恢复原状的趋势Elasticity is the tendency of a body to return to its original condition after being deformed.15. 普通物质是电中性的Ordinary matter is said to be electrically neutral.16.这一性质使得金属能够被做成任何形状This property makes it possible for metals to be made into any shape.17. 这张桌子不适宜学生试验This table is unfit for a student to do experiments on.18.现在我们考虑去什么样的积分路径Now we consider what path of integration to take.II、练习8I、1. 放大器放大接收信号The amplifier amplifies the received signals.2.运动分子具有动能Moving molecules have kinetic energy.5. Fig. 1 – 3 shows the photo of a freely falling body.3. 速度等于距离除以时间Speed equals distance divided by time.4. 电压等于电流乘以电阻V oltage equals/is equal to current multiplied by resistance.5. 空气阻力随速度增加为增加The resistance of air increases with the increased/increasing/an increase in speed.6. 变压器是绕在铁芯的两个多个圈组成 A transformer is a device consisting of two or more coils wound on/round an iron core.7. 流过这个元件上的电流It is necessary to find out the current flowing through this component.8. 如果使用得当This book, properly used, will be of great help to the reader.9.流过电路的时候Flowing through a circuit, the current will lose part of its energy.10. 若已知时间和速度Given/Knowing time and speed, we/one can find out distance.11. 学完这张后,Having studied this chapter, the student will understand/will have understood the principle of a computer.12. 由于光速极大The speed of light being extremely great, we cannot measure it by ordinary methods.13. 他们都是高空卫星Several comsats were launched, all of them (being) high-altitude satellites.14. 因特网被称为所有网络之母,Called “the mother of all networks,” the Internet is a widely used international network.15. 力分解两个分量,一个是水平一个是垂直This force can be resolved into two components, one (being) horizontal and the other vertical.II、1.以原点为圆心做半径r园Let us construct/draw a circle with the originas the center and of radius R.2.这个参数应该在E接地的情况下测量This parameter should bemeasured with E grounded.3. 若电路没有电阻,电流无线增大With no resistance in the circuit, the current will increase indefinitely.4. 考虑这点,With this in view, we have written this book.5. 本文介绍新设计方法,重点放在其原理上This paper introduces a new design method/technique, with emphasis on its principle.III、1.考虑设计一台计算机Let us consider designing a computer.2.我们把元件称之为无源的We refer to these components as beingpassive.3.这涉及到取傅里叶变换This involves taking the Fourier transform.4.对上面的方程整理后,得到一个方程组On/Upon rearranging theabove equations, we obtain the following set of equations.5.在使用这个句式时,看成1没有关系In using this equation, it does notmatter which plane is considered as 1.练习9I、1. 直到引入了一种完全不同的概念,得到解决The problem was not solved until a completely different method was introduced.2. 再近一百年才有实验证实了亚原子微粒的存在Nearly 100 years passed before the existence/presence of subatomic particles was confirmed by experiment/experimentally.3.在发明该设备的那年The year this device was invented, World War II broke out.4. 虽然原子很小,更小颗粒组成Small as they are, atoms are made up of still smaller particles.5. 这两个电阻应该选择使该晶体管正常工作These two resistors should be selected/chosen so that the transistor can operate normally.6. 该物体处于这样的状态他能做工The body is in such a state that it can do work.II、1. 电压时电流和电阻之乘机这一关系是哦您关于一切直流电The relation that voltage is the product of current and resistance applies to all the dc circuits.2. 磁能够产生电流这一发现在电学领域重要The discovery that magnetism can produce current is extremely important in the field of electricity.3.方程式就是两个代数式相等的一种代数陈述An equation is an algebraic statement that two algebraic expressions are equal.4. 邮政局标明,月球是没有生命存在There is evidence that no life exists on the moon.5. 现在出现了这么个问题,该算法是否实用呢?The question now arises whether the algorithm is of practical use.6. 不能保证该级数收敛In this case there is no guarantee that the series is convergent.7. 人们越来越认识到这些方法很有用There is a growing/increasing awareness that these techniques/methods are very useful.8. 当时最显著之一就是人们认识到光是有电磁波组成的One of/Among the most noteworthy achievements at that time was the realization that light consists of electromagnetic waves.9.这是由于在导体中存在许多自由电子This is due to/is caused by/results from the fact that there are many free electrons in conductors.10. 除了材料的性质应该包括在分析模型之外,考虑其他因素Besides/In addition to the fact that the properties of the material should be included in the analytical model, we must take other factors into account.练习10I、1. 现在有待于确定该级数何时收敛Now it remains to be determined when the series converges.2. 从毒霸梅尔定理这个极限是存在的It is clear from Dubamel’s Theorem that this limit exists.3. 由麦克斯韦假设每当电场发生变化时就产生磁场It follows from Maxwell’s hypothesis that whenever there is a change in an electric field, a magnetic field is produced.4. 在这种情况下磁铁是否被运动时没有关系的It does not matter whether the magnet is moved in this case.5. 温度确定了热传递朝哪个方向Temperature determines in what direction the transfer of heat will take place.6. 一切物质均有微粒构成,众所周知It is now a well-known fact that all matter consists of tiny particles.II、1. 发电机所做的What a generator does is (to) change mechanical energy into electrical energy.2. 这一章所讲的非常重要What this chapter describes/What is described in this chapter is of great importance.3.物质是能够占有空间的东西Matter is what can occupy space.4. 这个试验中我们所发现的电现象这一崭新领域What we have discovered in this experiment is the entirely new realm of electrical phenomenon.5.这个放下与假设方向相反This direction is opposite to what has been assumed.6.大小,方向作用点是我们所说的力三要素Magnitude, direction, and place of application are what we call the three elements of a force.7.这些数构成所谓的实系数These numbers constitute what is known asthe real number system.8. 在下面,我们要熟悉一些基本概念In what follows, we shall acquaintourselves with some basic concepts.练习11I、1. 我们用来测量一个电阻上的电压仪器电压表The meter (that/which) we use to measure the voltage across a resistor is called a voltmeter.2. 计算机是人类所曾有过的最有效的助手Computers are the most efficient assistants (that) man has ever had.3.现在这种病不再是原来那样严重Now this disease is no longer the serious problem (that) it once was.4. 雷达可以测出无线电回拨返回所需时间Radar can measure the time (that) it takes for the radio echo to return.5.我们必须计算出该物体被提起的距离We must calculate the distance (that/through which) the body is lifted.6. 一个物体运动的方向很重要The direction (that/in which) a body moves is also very important.7. 这个支点每秒钟震动的次数频率The number of times (that/by which) this particle vibrates per/a second is called/termed/named/known as/spoken of as/referred to as frequency.8. 我们使得这两个比值相等,由此得到了最简式We equate these two ratios, from which the simplest formula follows/results.9. 需要确定Y分量将为零的时间It is necessary to determine the time when/that/at which the y-component has decreased to zero.10..其没一点的y坐标均为零的曲线就是X轴The curve the y-coordinate of each point on which is zero is just the x-axis.II、1.该圆切割实轴的点处于处The point at which the circle cuts the axis of reals is where α= ω.2.重力的意思是地球吸引物体的力The force of gravity means the force with which the earth attracts a body.3. 电子在其上面产生图像的显像管表面称为荧光屏The surface of a picture tube upon which the electrons produce the picture is called the screen.4. 作者要感谢本书所述那套丛书的编辑们The author would like to express thanks to the editors of the series of which this book is a part/to which this book belongs.5. 这是给定的两个矢量为其边的一个平行四边形This is a parallelogram of which the two given vectors are/form sides.6. 压强等于总得力除以被施加的面积The pressure is equal to the total force divided by the area over which it is exerted.7.组成睡的两个元素是氧和氢The two elements of which water consists are hydrogen and oxygen.8. 这取决于产生电子的效率This depends on the efficiency with which electrons are produced.9. 这两个定律是建立其它所有定律的基础These two laws are the foundation on which all other laws are built.10. 水结冰的温度为0度The temperature at which water freezes is generally 0o C.III、1. 如标题所示,本章将讨论非线性方程As the title indicates, this chapter will discuss nonlinear equations.2. 顾名思义,流体就是一种容易流动的物质As the name shows, a fluid is a substance which flows readily.3. 这单个力产生的效应与那几个力一起产生的效应相同This single force produces the same effect as is produced by those forces together.4. 现在我们能够解像出现在物理中的这种微分方程了Now we are able to solve such differential equations as occur in physics.5. 这个功能可以用像在上一节中所描述的全加器来完成This function can be accomplished by using the full adder as was described in the previous section.6. 这些概念使得我们能够理解静电学即人们通常所说的静电中广泛的现象These concepts enable us to understand a wide range of phenomena in electrostatics, or “static electricity,” as it is called.7.这个电流,正如预料的那样,是十分小This current is, as predicted, very small,8. 首先考虑如第2页所示那个最简单的电路First let us consider the simplest circuit as shown on page 2.IV、1. 这个值比我们预料的高This is a slightly higher value than we predicted.2. 这个反应堆能产生比他消耗得多的燃料This reactor can produce more fuel than it consumes.3. 让我们考虑一下力矩为零的情况Let us consider the case when the torque is zero.4. 我们必须确定开关闭合后电流电压值We must determine the values of currents and voltages after the switch closes.5. 自从本书首次出版以来,金属工业发生了巨大变化During the tenyears since this book was first published, significant changes have taken place/have been seen in metal-making.练习121. 一旦出现不正常情况,立即关闭电源Should anything abnormal happen, switch/turn off the power supply at once/immediately.2. 如果当时不适用计算机,要花很长时间Had electronic computers not been used, it would have taken them a long time to solve this problem.3. 在原方程中检验一下所有的解是重要It is very important that all solutions (should) be checked in the original equation.4. 人们建议这个设计应立即加以修改It is suggested that this design (should) be modified at once.5. 若没有半导体,卫星通信就不可能了Without semiconductors, satellite communications would be impossible.6. 我们本来也可以用定理导出结果We could also have used Theorem (6) to derive the result.7. 能量要守恒必须得到满足The requirement that energy (should) be conserved must be satisfied.8. 这里每一样,元件设备,国产Everything here, be it a component or a device, is home-made.III、1. 是这位科学家一个世纪前发现现象It was this scientist who/that discovered this phenomenon a century ago.2. 钨就是用于电灯里的金属Tungsten is the very metal used in electric lamps.3. 声波通过介质的速度取决介质性质The speed with which sound waves move through a medium does depend on the properties of the medium.4. 尚不清楚什么条件下使用这个公式It is not clear yet under what conditions it is that this formula can be used.5. 这一性质我们叫惯性This property we call inertia.练习13II、1. 电动势,指的是当没有电流流动时电池两端的电位差By electromagnetic force is meant the potential difference across the battery when there is no flow of current.2. 下表列出大家熟悉的计算机各种参数In the table below/which follows are listed various parameters of familiar computers.3. 元素不能分解,也不能用化学方法加以拆分An element cannot be decomposed, nor can it be broken up by chemical methods.4. 只有当,这个方程才成立Only when x= 8, does this equation hold/apply.5.特别重要的试一下两个概念Of particular importance/Especially important are the two concepts which follow.6.这样的集合我们数系Such a set we call the mathematical system.7. 几乎没有人绝对精确知道函数Rarely does one know this function with precision.8. 电厂和磁场之间关系使得电磁铁和电动机可能This interrelationship between electric and magnetic fields makes possible such things as the electromagnet and the electric motor.9. 光的绕射才得到解释Not until 1818 was the diffraction of light interpreted/explained.10. 电子绝不会从正端流向负端By no means do electrons move from the positive terminal to the negative terminal in a wire.II、1. 空气阻力影响下,加速度随高度增加而降低The effect of air resistance is discussed in Chapter 15, and the decrease in acceleration with altitude in Chapter 17.2. 必须求出这个电容器的电荷和电压It is necessary to determine the charge on and the voltage across this capacitor.3.谨谨需要一个数字习惯In this case, no standard is needed, but only a numerical convention.4.这个电压小于等于0.4 This voltage is greater than or equal to 0.4 volt.5. 阴极受热发射电子The cathode, when heated, emits electrons.6. 不论受到加速与否处于平衡状态Every body, whether accelerated or not, is considered (to be) in equilibrium.7. 如果需要,导线将涂有绝缘体If necessary, the wire will be covered with some insulation.8. 该晶体管排列,因而得到这一名称The transistor has its materials arranged p-n-p, hence the name pnp transistor.III、1. 对该设备的性能做了初步分析An initial analysis is made of the performance of the device.2. 磁场是在磁铁周围,由磁力线所占据空间The magnetic field is thespace around a magnet occupied by the magnetic lines of force.3. 这就导致该模型中的电池电压为500This leads to the battery voltagein the model of 500 mV.4. 这曲线图表示电阻器的电阻随频率变化的This graph shows thevariation with frequency of the resistance of the resistor.5. 这造成了降落在大地上的一半以上的水直接返回大气This isresponsible for the direct return to the atmosphere of more than half the waterthat falls on the land.6. 如何能确定这些未知数The question now arises how these unknownscan be determined.7. 必须确定改变周围温度对该器件的影响It is necessary to determinethe effect on the device of changing the ambient temperature.8. 假设:在测试期间压力总是保持不变The assumption has been madethat the pressure always remains constant during the test.1.The UASMA protocol employs a unique frame structure.2.Finally, a broad stepped impedance transformer is designed by thismethod.3.Dynamic analysis and evaluation of the security of a proactive secretsharing system4.The approach can be applied to the one-dimensional potential barrierwith an arbitrary profile.5.We propose a numerical method based on Newton’s iterative method.III、1. This object is over five times heavier than that one is.2. Unless otherwise stated, it is assumed that silicon transistors are usedand that I CBO can be neglected.3. This circuit has the advantages of simple structure and easy adjustment.4. Figs. 1, 2, and 3 show this process in detail.5. For further information, consult references [3, 5, 9].III、1. This paper presents a new method for the recognition of radar targets.2. The influence of the moving state of the target on the tracking accuracy of the EKF is great.3. Another comsat was launched on the morning of the 8th of October.4. Voltage is measured in volts.5. They will leave for Beijing to attend an international conference on mobile communication.6. Unless otherwise stated, it is assumed that silicon transistors are used and that I CBO can be neglected.7.II、1. In this case, the input does not fall; nor [neither] does the output. […;the output does not fall, either.]2. The resistance of a conductor depends not only on the material ofwhich the conductor is made, but also on the size and temperature of theconductor.3. These scientists are very interested in this topic.4. This parameter can hardly be measured.5. In this laboratory, this instrument is more expensive than any other one/any one else.6. The features of this device are small size and light weight.IV、1. None of them can solve this special type of differential equation.2. They do not know whether this material can stand so large a forceor not.3. There are M polygons altogether, each of which has N vertexes.4. These two engineers are busy (in) designing a new kind of software.5. Iron is almost as good a conductor as aluminum.V、1. It is easy for us to determine the weight of the body. 或:We candetermine the weight of the body easily.2. The two engineers are busy (in) designing a new type of computer.3. We find this concept very difficult to explain.4. None of these windows can withstand so large a force.5. Work equals [is equal to] force multiplied by/times distance.6. The results obtained agree with the experimental values. […are inagreement with the experimental values.]1. The sine law of the variation of light intensity with the cylinder diameterhas been emphasized.2. Not only do temperature and light affect the conductivity, but the addition of impurities to semiconductors also makes it change greatly.3. V arious satellites are frequently launched to obtain information about/on space.4. Our semiconductor industry came into being at the end of the 1950s.5. My colleagues and I would like to express our thanks to Professor W. Smith for his great help.IV、1. Given/Knowing resistance and current, one/we can determine/calculate voltage.2. The price of this instrument is high.3. A robot is a special kind of electronic device.4. The current starts flowing at the very moment we close the circuit.5. They have been designing a new type of computer these six months.III、1.These features make it difficult for electronic counter-measure systems to intercept, analyze and jam this kind of signal.2. The existence of and the ability to control these phenomena make those devices possible.3. The variation of/in the number of the filter’s teeth has a greater effect on the performance of its passband than the variation of/in its dimensions.4. Scalar detection will result in the loss of some phase information.5. Fig. 6 shows the schematic diagram of measuring scatter parameters by the natural parameter transformation method.III、1. An x-band wave-guide test system is shown in Fig.7. [或:Fig. 7 shows …].2. This method lowers the requirement for the hardware of a sample network.3. On the basis of the above analysis of the decomposition of the polynomial, a novel configuration results. [或:The above analysis of the decomposition of the polynomial results in a novel configuration.]4. Finally, an analysis of packet loss probability is made by computer simulation.5. The sparse ratio of the resulting impedance matrix is as high as 40%.V、1. Even in this case these protocols can provide a limited number of users with the acceptable quality of voice service.2. This paper presents a method for an 8098 microcontroller to series-communicate with a 386 personal computer.3. The effect of equalizer parameters on equalization performance is analyzed in detail. [A detailed analysis is made of the effect of equalization parameters on equalization performance.]4. Each receiver channel in Fig. 1 contains an RF amplifier, a mixer, an IF amplifier, an A/D converter, etc.(注意:句尾的句号与缩略词“etc.”的黑点重合在一起了)5. The larger the abnormal extent (is), the larger is the residual mismatch, with the curve going up.IV、1. The author is engaged in the teaching of and the research on computer vision, and image processing and recognition.2. Let P and Q be two Boolean permutations of the same order, and then their composition is a new Boolean permutation.3. Three algorithms are presented, which can remarkably reduce the time to raise the pen, thus raising the drawing efficiency.4. What this paper describes is of great interest to communications engineers.5. The minimum entropy technique for estimating the Doppler frequency rate is presented, which has the advantages over the classical techniques of high accuracy and a small amount of computation.IV、1. The simulation results show that both the schemes are easy to implement.2. The model and algorithm proposed in this paper are to a certain degree/extent superior in performance to the conventional BP algorithm.3. A new technique for estimating the frequency deviation is proposed which gives a high accuracy and requires a small amount of computation.4. Improvement of the accuracy of range alignment in ISAR imaging (by)。
西电学位英语试题及答案
西电学位英语试题及答案一、阅读理解(共20分,每题4分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项中,选择最佳答案。
1. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The importance of a balanced diet.B. The negative effects of fast food.C. The benefits of eating vegetables.D. The necessity of regular exercise.2. According to the author, which of the following is not a healthy lifestyle?A. Eating three meals a day.B. Drinking plenty of water.C. Spending too much time on social media.D. Getting enough sleep.3. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. The causes of stress.B. The effects of stress on health.C. The ways to relieve stress.D. The importance of stress management.4. What is the author's attitude towards the use of technology in education?A. Skeptical.B. Enthusiastic.C. Neutral.D. Critical.5. What is the best title for the passage?A. The Impact of Technology on Education.B. The Role of Teachers in the Modern Classroom.C. The Future of Education.D. The Importance of Lifelong Learning.二、词汇与语法(共30分,每题3分)Choose the correct answer to complete the sentence.6. Despite his lack of experience, he was able to ________ the project successfully.A. take onB. take offC. take overD. take out7. The company has decided to ________ its operations to new markets.A. expandB. contractC. reduceD. limit8. She has a ________ memory and can remember details from years ago.A. photographicB. visualC. auditoryD. olfactory9. The new policy will come into ________ on January 1st.A. effectB. useC. practiceD. application10. He was ________ to find that his old friend had become a successful businessman.A. surprisedB. astonishedC. shockedD. amazed三、完形填空(共20分,每题2分)Read the following passage and choose the best word to fill in each blank.Once upon a time, in a small village, there lived a wise old man. He was known for his ability to solve any problem that came his way. One day, a young boy approached him with a question. "How can I become successful in life?" the boy asked. The old man thought for a moment and then said, "To be successful, you must first understand that success is not a destination, but a journey. It requires hard work, perseverance, and the willingness to learn from your mistakes."11. The old man was ________ for his wisdom.A. famousB. notoriousC. infamousD. obscure12. The young boy was seeking ________ on how to achieve success.A. adviceB. permissionC. assistanceD. guidance13. The old man believed that success was a continuous process rather than a one-time event.A. temporaryB. fleetingC. ongoingD. intermittent14. The boy was told that success requires a strong ________ to work hard.A. desireB. motivationC. commitmentD. determination15. Learning from mistakes is an important aspect of the journey to success.A. componentB. elementC. aspectD. feature四、翻译(共30分,每题15分)Translate the following sentences into English.16. 随着科技的发展,远程工作已经成为一种趋势。
西安电子科技大学学位英语考试试题
西安电子科技大学学位英语考试试题1、_______ hard, _______ you’ll fail in the exam. [单选题] *A. Studying; forB. Study; or(正确答案)C. To study; andD. Study; and2、He didn't allow _____ in his room. Actually he didn't allow his family _____ at all. [单选题] *A. to smoke; to smokeB. smoking; to smoke(正确答案)C. to smoke; smokingD. smoking; smoking3、What do you think of the idea that _____ honest man who married and brought up a large family did more service than he who continued single and only talked of _____ population. [单选题] *A. a, /B. an, /C. a, theD. an, the(正确答案)4、61.How is online shopping changing our way? ? ? ? ? ? life? [单选题] *A.of(正确答案)B.inC.onD.for5、Before you quit your job, ()how your family will feel about your decision. [单选题] *A. consider(正确答案)B. consideringC. to considerD. considered6、July hardly joins in any class activities,_____? [单选题] *A. does she(正确答案)B. doesn't sheC. didn't sheD. is she7、John Smith is _______ of the three young men. [单选题] *A. strongB. strongerC. the strongerD. the strongest(正确答案)8、What did you _______ at the meeting yesterday? [单选题] *A. speakB. tellC. say(正确答案)D. talk9、--Which is Tom?--He is _______ of the two boys. [单选题] *A. tallB. tallerC. the taller(正确答案)D. the tallest10、A?pen _______ writing. [单选题] *A. is used toB. used toC. is used for(正确答案)D. used for11、I got caught in the rain and my suit____. [单选题] *A. has ruinedB. had ruinedC. has been ruined(正确答案)D. had been ruined12、This pair of shoes only _______ me 10 yuan. [单选题] *A. spentB. tookC. paidD. cost(正确答案)13、You have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of(). [单选题] *A. dateB. shape(正确答案)C. orderD. balance14、—Why is Mary asking Bob about the school trip? —Because she wants to know ______.()[单选题] *A. how does he think of the tripB. what does he think of the tripC. what he likes the tripD. how he likes the trip(正确答案)15、If you do the same thing for a long time, you'll be tired of it. [单选题] *A. 试图B. 努力C. 厌倦(正确答案)D. 熟练16、( ) You had your birthday party the other day,_________ [单选题] *A. hadn't you?B. had you?C. did you?D. didn't you?(正确答案)17、I often _______ music from the Internet. [单选题] *A. download(正确答案)B. spendC. saveD. read18、85.You’d better? ? ? ? ? a taxi, or you’ll be late. [单选题] *A.take(正确答案)B.takingC.tookD.to take19、The relationship between employers and employees has been studied(). [单选题] *A. originallyB. extremelyC. violentlyD. intensively(正确答案)20、I’m _______ I must be leaving now. [单选题] *A. afraid(正确答案)B. thinkC. thoughtD. free21、The red jacket is _______ than the green one. [单选题] *A. cheapB. cheapestC. cheaper(正确答案)D. more cheap22、Let us put the matter to the vote,()? [单选题] *A. will youB. can weC. may ID. shall we(正确答案)23、Can you give her some ______ ? [单选题] *A. advice(正确答案)B. suggestionC. advicesD. suggest24、He used to get up at six in the morning,()? [单选题] *A. used heB. did heC. didnt he (正确答案)D. should he25、10.Mum, let me help you with your housework, so you ________ do it yourself. [单选题] *A.don’t need to(正确答案)B.need toC.don’t needD.need26、He was very excited to read the news _____ Mo Yan had won the Nobel Prize for literature [单选题] *A. whichB. whatC. howD. that(正确答案)27、21 In a few years' time, there ________ thousands of trees on the hill. [单选题] *A.will haveB.will be(正确答案)C.are haveD.have28、We have ______ homework today. ()[单选题] *A. too manyB. too much(正确答案)C. much tooD. very much29、The travelers arrived _______ Xi’an _______ a rainy day. [单选题] *A. at; inB. at; onC. in; inD. in; on(正确答案)30、He was proud of what he had done. [单选题] *A. 对…感到自豪(正确答案)B. 对…感到满足C. 对…表示不满D. 对…表示后悔。
电子科技大学2016年《621英语水平测试》考研专业课真题试卷
Part I Reading Comprehension (40 points)Directions: In this part there are 5 passages, each with some questions or incomplete statements. Read them carefully and then choose from the four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D to answer the questions or complete the statements. Please write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Historians of the American civil war find themselves in the same unenviable position as Shakespeare scholars: so thoroughly have their fields of study been explored that finding a nearly virgin comer is all but impossible. But Don Doyle has broken new ground in enlightening and compellingly written book, The Cause of All Nations. More than any previous study, it tells the story of how America s civil war was perceived, debated and reacted to abroad, and how that reaction shaped the course of the war at home.At the war s outset, however, things were not so simple. Southern diplomats framed their struggle in accordance with liberal principles of self-determination. They judged the conflict, Mr. Doyle notes, to be one arising naturally between industrial and agricultural societies, not freedom and slavery as the North believed.The North s response, meanwhile, was uncompromising, legalistic and violent. America s secretary of state threatened to wrap the whole world in flames, promising total war on any state that dared aid the South.Most histories of the civil war turn inward at the end and examine the war s consequences and legacy for America. Mr. Doyle turns outward to show how important America s civil war was to the rest of the wor1d: liberty and democracy defeated slavery and the landed gentry.The Union s victory had wider impacts. In Spain, Queen Isabella, fearing American naval power, ended the attempted re-colonization of Santo Domingo. Ulysses Grant, a civil-war general, turned his military attention to Mexico, where Napoleon III had installed an Austrian, Maximilian, as emperor. When the threat of an alliance between France and the South was smashed, Napoleon withdrew his support and in 1867 Maximilian was executed by Mexican troops. Across the ocean, Britain s republicans marched to victory that same year. Democracy had not just survived, but flourished.After Lincoln s death, a French newspaper wrote that he represented the cause of democracy in the largest and the most universal understanding of the word. That cause is our cause, as much as it is that of the United States. In honor of the Union s victory a French artist crafted a statue out of1 13。
电子科技大学288单独考试英语2014-2016年考研专业课真题试卷
电子科技大学2016年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题考试科目:288 单独考试英语注:无机读卡,所有答案必须写在答题纸上,写在试卷或草稿纸上均无效。
一.Reading Comprehension (50 points)Section A Directions: Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each one by choosing A), B), C), or D). Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage 1What you can remember from age 3 may help improve aspects of your life far into adulthood.Children who have the ability to recall and make sense of memories from daily life — the first dayof preschool, the time the cat died — can use them to better develop a sense of identity, formrelationships and make sound choices in adolescence and adulthood, new research shows.While the lives of many youngsters today are heavily documented in photos and video on socialmedia an d stored in families’ digital archives, studies suggest photos and videos have little impact.Parents play a bigger role in helping determine not just how many early memories children can recall,but how children interpret and learn from the events of their earliest experiences.“Our personal memories define who we are. They bond us together,” says Robyn Fivush, apsychology professor at Emory University in Atlanta and an author of dozens of the topic. Childrenwhose parents encourage recalling and storytelling about daily events show better coping andproblem-solving skills by their preteens, and fewer symptoms of depression, research shows.Some memories help build a sense of self-continuity, or personal identity, says a 2011 study.People recall these mem ories when they “want to feel that I am the same person that I was before”,or “when I want to understand how I have changed from who I was before”. A hurricane survivor,for example, might recall the memory as proof that she can survive tough experiences and growstronger as a result.Other memories serve a directive function, and guide behavior. People recall these whenmaking decisions or to avoid repeating past mistakes. A person whose dog was killed by a car islikely to call on the memory when deciding to keep pets on a leash.A third type, social-bounding memories, involving relationships with others. People recall thesewhen they want to strengthen relationships or form new ties, the study says. A college student whoparticipated in a different study cited bedtime-sessions with his father, who read him the entire Lordof the Rings Trilogy, as a motivator to build and maintain strong family ties in his adult life.第 1 页共14 页。
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1这个设备消耗(consume)的能量比那个少得多。
(使用“设备”做主语的主谓宾结构)This device consumes much less energy than that one.
2这条曲线画出了该电路的电流随外加电压的变化情况。
(名词短语)
The curve draws the variation of the current in the circuit with the applied voltage.
3空气吸收水蒸气(water vapor)的能力随空气温度的上升而提高。
(不定式)
The ability of air to absorb water vapor enhances with the rise of air temperature.
4本文介绍了一种新的测温方法,重点放在其基本原理上。
(with结构)
This paper introduces a new method of measuring temperature, w ith emphasis on its basic principle.
5频率被定义为某事发生的速率。
(定语从句)
By frequency is meant the rate that something happens.
6物体越热,其辐射(radiate) 的能量就越多,这一理论极为重要。
(同位语从句)The hotter the object, the more energy it radiates, an important theory.
7英特网( Internet) 被叫做“一切网络之母”,它是连接200多个国家的一个国际网。
(分词短语)
Called "the mother of all networks", the Internet is an international network connecting to more than 200 countries.
8 在使用这个公式时,把哪一个平面(plane)看成1是没有关系的。
(动名词短语)
In using this equation, it does not matter which plane is considered as 1.
9 实际方向与假设的方向相反。
(what从句)
This direction is opposite to what has been assumed.
10 由于计算机运算精确、速度快,所以能为人类节省大量时间和劳力。
(形容词短语)Accurate in operation and high in speed, computers are able to save a lot of time and human labor. Ⅱ
因特网的一个重要应用是计算机用户间利用电子函件相互通信。
电子函件使用户可以用电子手段传递和接收消息、文本和数据。
电子函件的功能非常类似于邮箱:无论接收者是否在网络上,用户都可以向他发送消息,该消息被保存起来,同时向接收者发送一个信号表明有一个消息在等待处理。
电子函件传送消息已经
代替了电话。
用户可以在方便的时候再去对它作出反应,而不会被打扰,并可以在屏幕上显示消息或把它打印出来。
Ⅲ
1这种材料很难加工。
This material is very difficult to be machined.
This material is very difficult to machine.
2这是由于在PN结两端存在一个电容之故。
This is due to that there is a capacitance across the PN junction.
This is due to the fact that there is a capacitance across the PN junction.
3 假设该天线是垂直的,且其损耗为零。
It is assumed that the antenna is vertical and its losses are zero.
It is assumed that the antenna is vertical and that its losses are zero. /We assume that the antenna is vertical and that its loss is zero.
4下面这个概念是神经系统所基于的基本原理之一。
The following concept is one of basic principles based by the neural system.
The following concept is one of the basic principles based on the neural system.
5 功等于力乘以距离。
Work equals to force multiplying distance.
Work equals force multiplied by/ times distance.
Work is equal to force multiplied by / times distance.
6在这种情况下输出保持不变。
In this case, output keeps constant.
In this case, the output remains/stays constant /unchanged/fixed/unaltered/the same.
7 该电阻的电流为零点几安培。
The current in the resistor is zero point several ampere.
The current of the resistor is several tenths of an ampere.
8 这个物体比那个物体重4倍.
This object is four times heavy than that one is.
This object is over five times heavier than that one is.
9电阻是用欧姆来度量的。
Resistance is measured with ohm.
Resistance is measured in ohms.
10这里的任何学生均不会解这种特殊的方程。
Any student here cannot solve this kind of special equation.
None of student here can solve this special kind of equation.
11本文提出了雷达目标的一种新的识别方法.
This paper presents a new kind of recognition method of radar target.
This paper presents a new method for recognition of radar target.
12作者现在从事于计算机视觉、图像处理和识别.
The author engages in the teaching and research of computer vision, image processing and recognition.
The author is engaged in the teaching of and the research on computer vision, and image processing and recognition.
13不仅温度和光影响导电率,而且给半导体加杂质也会使导电率变化很大.
Not only temperature and light affect the conductivity, but the addition of impurities to semiconductors also make it to change greatly.
Not only do temperature and light affect the conductivity, but the addition of impurities to semiconductors also makes it change greatly.
14这种新算法的特点是简单而客观。
The feature of this new algorithm a simple and objective.
The features of this new algorithm are simple and objective.
15 在11-13页上,作者描述了自从20世纪90年代以来电子学方面我们所取得的成就。