2017-2018学年度黑龙江省大庆铁人中学第一学期高二期末考试试卷与答案

{正文}2017-2018学年度黑龙江省大庆铁人中学第一学期高二期末考试英语试题答题时长（分钟）：120 分值：150分第Ⅰ卷第一部分：基础知识考查（每小题1.5分，共20小题, 满分 30 分）1．2．The students find it difficult to_________ to the new school.3．We _________ to help you give up smoking.4．The boys _________ each other because they both have golden hair and round faces.5．6．I want to apply for a _________ job as a waiter.7．In an _________ world there would be no need for a police force.8．I am very _________ to all those who took the trouble to write to me.9．10．He was seriously hurt and a doctor_________ an operation on him．11．The black people were no longer bought and sold as slaves after the slave trade was _________.12．The government is being widely _________ for failing to limit air pollution．home.14．The natural resources in that area have been _________ in the past few years．15．It was _________ of you to share your food with me.16．The terrorists became more violent and many people were _________ into leaving the country.A．account B．request C． breakthrough D．protection1718．Surgeons have made a great _________in the kidney transplantation．19．This book has given us a vivid _________ of the life in the desert．20．Cultural relics and historic sites are under the _________ of the state.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节: （共15小题:每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

ALittle Tommy was doing very badly in math．His parents had tried everything-tutors，cards，special learning centers-in short，everything they could think of．Finally they took Tommy to a catholic（天主教的） school．After the first day，little Tommy came home with a very serious look on his face．He didn't kiss his mother hello．Instead，he went straight to his room and started studying．Books and papers were spread out all over the room and little Tommy was hard at work．His mother was surprised．She called him down to dinner and as soon as he finished eating，he went back to his room，without a word．In no time he was back hitting books as hard as before．This went on for some time，day after day while the mother tried to understand what was happening．Finally，little Tommy brought home his report card．He quietly put it on the table and went up to his room and hit the books．His mom looked at it and to her surprise，little Tommy got an A in math．She could no longer hold her curiosity．She went to his room and asked，"Son，what was it？Was it the nuns（修女）？"Little Tommy looked at her and shook his head，"No．""Well then，"she asked again．"WHAT was it？"Little Tommy looked at her and said，"Well，on the first day of school，when I saw that man nailed to the plus sign（加号），I knew they weren't joking．" 21．Tommy's mother felt surprised that his son ______ ．A．was still the same as usual B．ate so much at dinnerC．worked hard but said little D．kissed her hello after school 22．The last sentence in the passage shows that ______ ．A．Tommy was frightened by the nuns B．Tommy was afraid of being nailed C．Tommy didn't like the plus sign D．Tommy liked playing jokes on others 23．From the passage，we can infer that ______ ．A．teachers should be strict with their studentsB．nuns are good at helping children with their mathC．a catholic school is much better than other onesD．mistakes might do good sometimesBThe year is 2094．It has been announced that a comet （彗星） is heading towards the Earth．Most of it will miss our planet, but two pieces will probably hit the southern half of the Earth．On 17 July, a piece four kilometers wide enters the Earth's atmosphere with a massive explosion．About half of the piece is destroyed, but the remaining part hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the speed of sound．The sea boils and a huge hole is made in the sea bed．Huge waves are created and spread outwards from the hole．The wall of water, a kilometer high, rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometers anhour．Cities on the African coast are totally destroyed and millions of people are drowned.Before the waves reach South America, the second piece of the comet lands in Argentina．Earthquakes and volcanoes are set off in the Andes Mountains．The shock waves move north into California and all around the Pacific Ocean．The cities of Los Angeles, San Francisco and Tokyo are completely destroyed by earthquakes．Millions of people in the southern half of the earth are already dead, but the north won't escape for long．Because of the explosions, the sun is hidden by clouds of dust, temperatures around the world fall to almost zero．Crops are ruined．The sun won't be seen again for many years．Wars break out as countries fight for food．A year later, no more than 10 million people remain alive.Could it really happen? In fact, it has already happened more than once in the history of the Earth．The dinosaurs were on the Earth for over 160 million years．Then 65 million years ago they suddenly disappeared．Many scientists believe that the Earth was hit by a piece of object in space．The dinosaurs couldn't live through the cold climate that followed and they died out．Will we meet the same end?24．What is mainly described in the passage?A．An event of imagination. B．A historic discovery.C．A scientific adventure. D．A research on space.25．When the first piece hits the South Atlantic, it causes ________.A．an earthquake B．an Earth explosionC．huge waves D．damages to cities26．Why can't the northern half of the earth escape for long?A．Because the land is covered with water.B．Because wars break out among countries.C．Because people there can not live at the temperature of zero.D．Because the light and heat from the sun can not reach the earth．27．By giving the example of dinosaurs, the author tries to prove ________.A．animals could not live in the cold climateB．the Earth could be hit by other objects in spaceC．the human beings will die out in 2094D．what happened 65 million years ago was an invented storyCDriving a car is not just handling controls and judging speed and distance．It requires you to predict what other road users will do and get ready to react to something unexpected．When alcohol is consumed，it enters your bloodstream and acts as a depressant（抑制药），damaging eyesight，judgement and co-ordination（协调），slowing down reaction time and greatly increasing the risk of accidents．Even below the drink driving limit，driving will be affected．Alcohol may take a few minutes to be absorbed into the bloodstream and start action on the brain．Absorption rate is increased when drinking on an empty stomach or when consuming drinks mixed with fruit juice．To get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process and it is not possible to speed it up with any measures like taking a shower or having a cup of tea or coffee．The present Road Traffic Ordinance states clearly that the limit of alcohol concentration（浓度）is：·50 milligrams of alcohol per 100 mL of blood；or·22 micrograms of alcohol per 100 mL of breath；or·67 milligrams of alcohol per 100 mL of urine（尿液）．Drivers who cause traffic accidents，or who commit a moving traffic offence or are being suspected（怀疑）of drink driving will be tested．Any driver found drinking beyond the limit will be charged．The driver declared guilty may be fined a maximum of HK $25,000 and be sentenced to up to 3 years inprison and punished for 10 driving-offence points；or temporarily banned from driving．The same punishment applies to （适用于）failing to provide specimens（样本）for breath，blood or urine tests without good excuse．Drink driving is a criminal offence．Be a responsible driver，think before you drink．For the safety of yourself and other road users，never drive after consuming alcohol.28．The first paragraph is mainly about ______.A．the process of alcohol being absorbedB．the damage of drinking to your bodyC．the effect of drinking on drivingD．the introduction of driving skills29．The u nderlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “______”．A．alcohol B．process C．blood D．absorption 30．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A．Drinking below the drink driving limit has no effect on driving.B．50 milligrams of alcohol per 100mL of breath is below the drink driving limit.C．Having a cup of tea helps to get rid of alcohol from the body.D．Alcohol is taken in more quickly when drunk with fruit juice.31．A driver suspected of drink driving ______.A．will be punished for 10 driving-offence pointsB．will be forbidden to drive for 3 yearsC．should provide specimens for testingD．should pay a maximum fine of HK$25,000DWe know the famous ones—the Thomas Edisons and the Alexander Graham Bells—but what about the less famous inventors？What about the people who invented the traffic light and the windshield wiper（雨刮器）？Shouldn't we know who they are? Joan McLean thinks so．In fact，McLean，a professor of physics at Mountain University in Range，feels so strongly about this matter that she's developed a course on the topic．In addition to learning “who” invented “what”，however，McLean also likes her students to learn the answers to the “why” and “how” questions．According to McLean，“When students learn the answers to these questio ns，they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try.”Her students agree．One young man with a patent（专利权） for an unbreakable umbrella is walking proof of McLean's statement．“If I had not he ard the story of the windshield wiper's invention，”said Tommy Lee，a senior physics major，“I never would have dreamed of turning my bad experience during a rainstorm into something so constructive.” Lee is currently negotiating to sell his patent to an umbr ella producer．So，just what is the story behind the windshield wiper？Well，Mary Anderson came up with the idea in 1902 after a visit to New York City．The day was cold and stormy，but Anderson still wanted to see the sights，so she jumped aboard a streetcar．Noticing that the driver was struggling to see through the snow covering the windshield，she found herself wondering why there couldn't be a built-in device for cleaning the window．Still wondering about this when she returned home to Birmingham，Alabama，Anderson started drafting out solutions．One of her ideas，a lever（操作杆） on the inside of a vehicle that would control an arm on the outside，became the first windshield wiper．Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations．It's hard to imagine driving without Garrett A.Morgan's traffic light．It's equally impossible to picture a world without Katherine J．Blodgett's innovation that makes glass invisible．Can you picture life without clear windows and eyeglasses?32．By mentioning “traffic light” and “windshield wiper”，the author indicates that countless inventions are ______.A．beneficial，because their inventors are famousB．not useful，though their inventors are famousC．not useful，because their inventors are less famousD．beneficial，though their inventors are less famous33．Professor Joan McLean's course aims to ______.A．add colour and variety to students' campus lifeB．prepare students to try their own inventionsC．carry out the requirements by Mountain UniversityD．inform students of the windshield wiper's invention34．Tommy Lee's invention of the unbreakable umbrella was ______.A．inspired by the story behind the windshield wiperB．not eventually accepted by the umbrella producerC．due to his dream of being caught in a rainstormD．not related to Professor Joan McLean's lectures35．Which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage?A．How to Help Students to Sell Their Inventions to Producers?B．Shouldn't We Develop Invention Courses in Universities?C．Shouldn't We Know Who Invented the Windshield Wiper?D．How to Design a Built-in Device for Cleaning the Window?第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。