2016职称英语理工类考试阅读理解习题

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2016职称英语考试《理工类》阅读理解专项题2.

2016职称英语考试《理工类》阅读理解专项题 2The Effects of Global Warming on WeatherThere are hidden factors which scientists call "feedback mechanisms ” 。

No one knows quite how they will interact with the changing climate.Here's one example :plants and animals adapt to climate change over centuries.At the current estimate of half a degree centigrade of warming per decade,vegetation (植物 may not keepup.Climatologist James Hansen predicts climate zones will shift toward the poles by 50to 75kilometres a year — faster than trees can naturally migrate.Species that find themselves in an unfamiliar environment will die.The 1000-kilometer-wide strip of forest running through Canada,the USSR and Scandinavia could be cut by lions of dying trees would soon lead to massive forest fires,releasing tons of CO2 and further boosting global warming.There are dozens of other possible "feedback mechanism ”。

2016职称英语考试《理工类》阅读理解专项题2.

2016职称英语考试《理工类》阅读理解专项题2The Effects of Global Warmi ng on WeatherThere are hidde n factors which scie ntists call "feedback mecha ni sms。

No one knows quite how they will in teract with the cha nging climate.Here's one example :pla nts and animals adapt to climate change over centuries.At the current estimate of half a degree centigrade of warming per decade,vegetation植物may not keep up.Climatologist James Hansen predicts climate zones will shift toward the poles by 50to 75kilometres a year—faster tha n trees can n aturally migrate.Species that find themselves in an unfamiliar environment will die.The 1000-kilometer-wide strip of forest running through Can ada,the USSR and Sca ndin avia could be cut by li ons of dying trees would soon lead to massive forest fires,releasing tons of CO2 and further boosti ng global warm ing.There are doze ns of other possible "feedback mecha nism。

2016职称英语理工类(阅读理解)备考练习题

2016职称英语理工类(阅读理解)备考练习题Soot(煤烟灰)and Snow: a Hot CombinationNew research from NASA scientists suggests emissions of black soot after the way sunlight reflects off snow. According to a computer simulation, black soot may be responsible for 25 percent of observed global warming over the past century.Soot in the higher latitudes(维度)of the Earth, where ice is more common, absorbs more of the sun's energy and warmth than an icy, white background. Dark-colored black carbon, or soot, absorbs sunlight, while lighter colored ice reflects sunlight.Soot in areas with snow and ice may play an important role in climate change. Also, if snow and ice covered areas begin melting, the warming effect increase, as the soot becomes more concentrated on the snow surface." This provides a positive feedback, as glaciers and ice sheets melt, they tend to get even dirtier." said Dr. James Hansen, a researcher at NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York.Hansen found soot's effect on snow albedo(反照率), which may be contributing to trends toward early springs in the Northern Hemisphere, such as thinning Arctic sea ice and melting glaciers permafrost. Soot also is believed to play a role in changes in the atmosphere above the oceans and land."Black carbon reduces the amount of energy reflected by snow back into space, thus heading the snow surface more than if there were no black carbon, " Hansen said. Soot's increased absorption of solar energy is especially effective in warming the world's climate." This forcing is unusually effective, causing twice as much global warming as a carbon-dioxide forcing of the same magnitude." Hansen noted.Hansen cautioned, although the role of soot in altering global climate is substantial, it does not alter the fact that greenhouse gases are the primary cause of climate warming during the past century. Such gases are expected to bi the largest climate forcing for the rest of the century.The researchers found that observed warming in the Northern Hermisphere was large in the winter and spring at middle and high latitudes. These observations were coherent with the researchers' climate model situations, which showed some of the largest warming effects occurred when there were heavy snow cover and sufficient sunlight.36.Which of the following statements of soot is NOT true?A. It absorbs sun's heat.B. It is responsible for climate change.C. It reflects sunlight.D. It may account for a quarter of global warming over the past century.37. Which of the following areas shows a greater warming effect?A. Ice sea areas.B. Areas with black carbon.C. Areas covered with white snow.D. Melting glaciers.38."This forcing" in Paragraph 5 refers to?A. sun's heating on snow surface.B. soot's increased absorption of solar energy.C. carbon-dioxide's warming effect.D. snow's increased reflection of sunlight.39. What is the main cause of climate warming during the past century?A. Soot.B. Snow.C. Greenhouse gases.D. Wind.40. The largest warming effects happened in the Northern Hemisphere withA. X sea ice and insufficient sunlight.B. light snow cover and sufficient sunlight.C. heavy snow cover and sufficient sunlight.D. thick sea ice and insufficient sunlight.参考答案：36-40. C B B C C更多职称英语考试免费资料请访问“新东方在线职称英语频道”。

[理工] 2016职称英语真题及答案_理工A

2016年职称英语等级考试真题（理工类A级）第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1. Only people over 18 are eligible to vote.A. honestB.qualifiedC. enabledD.clever2. The latest car model embodies the new research development.A. listsB. includesC. borrowsD.broadens3. The coastal area has very mild winter, but the central plains remain extreme.A. severeB.hardC.warmD. dry4. She is an artist whose work will undoubtedly withstand the test of time.A. gradeB.attractC.bearD. suffer5. He wore a shabby thin overcoat in the cold winter so that he fell ill.A.oldB.bigC. newD.small6. The weather was so gorgeous that many people went outing.A. uncontrollableB. pleasantC. cloudyD. unbearable7. Competitors must abide by the judge's decisionA. keepB. readC. understandD. obey8. The umbrella was ingeniously devised to fold up into the pocket.A. seriouslyB. cleverlyC. attentivelyD. carefully9. Some newspapers in the west are notably biased.A.especiallyB.whollyC. totallyD. fairly10. His answers were obscure and confusing.A.unclearB.obviousC. clearD. direct11. The way she looked after her young sister was really touchingA. disturbingB. connectingC.movingD.waving12. We are worried about this fluid situation full with uncertainty.A. stableB. suitableC.changeableD.adaptable13. They have built canals to irrigate the desert.A. decorateB.changeC. visitD.water14. The details of the costume were totally authentic.A. outstandingB. realC. creativeD. false15. The new garment fits her perfectly.A. clothesB.haircutC. purseD.necklace第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

2016职称英语理工类备考阅读理解练习题

2016职称英语理工类备考阅读理解练习题There are several different methods that can be used to create a forecast. The method a forecaster chooses depends upon the experience of the forecaster, the amount of information available to the forecaster, the level of difficulty that the forecast situation presents, and the degree of accuracy or confidence needed in the forecast.The first of these methods is the persistence method; the simplest way of producing a forecast. The persistence method assumes that the conditions at the time of the forecast will not change. For example, if it is sunny and 87 degrees today, the persistence method predicts that it will be sunny and 87 degrees tomorrow. If two inches of rain fell today, the persistence method would predict two inches of rain for tomorrow. However, if weather conditions change significantly from day to day, the persistence method usually breaks down and is not the best forecasting method to use.The trends method involves determining the speed and direction of movement for fronts, high and low pressure centers, and areas of clouds and precipitation(降水量). Using this information, the forecaster can predict where he or she expects those features to be at some future time. For example, if a storm system is 1,000 miles west of your location and moving to the east at 250 miles per day, using the trends method you would predict it to arrive in your area in 4 days. The trends methodworks well when systems continue to move at the same speed in the same direction for a long period of time. If they slow down, speed up, change intensity, or change direction, the trends forecast will probably not work as well.The climatology(气候学) method is another simple way of producing a forecast. This method involves averaging weather statistics accumulated over many years to make the forecast. For example, if you were using the climatology method to predict the weather for New York City on July 4th, you would go through all the weather data that has been recorded for every July 4th and take an average. The climatology method only works well when the weather pattern is similar to that expected for the chosen time of year. If the pattern is quite unusual for the given time of year, the climatology method will often fail.The analog method is a slightly more complicated method of producing a forecast. It involves examining today's forecast scenario(模式) and remembering a day in the past when the weather scenario looked very similar (an analog). The forecaster would predict that the weather in this forecast will behave the same as it did in the past. The analog method is difficult to use because it is virtually impossible to find a predict analog. Various weather features rarely align themselves in the same locations as they were in the previous time. Even small differences between the current time and the analog can lead to very different results.31. Which of the following factors is NOT mentioned in choosing a forecasting method?A. Necessary amount of information.B. Degree of difficulty involved in forecasting.C. Practical knowledge of the forecaster.D. Creativity of the forecaster.32. The persistence method fails to work well whenA. it is rainy.B. it is sunny.C. weather conditions stay stable.D. weather conditions change greatly.33. The trends method works well whenA. weather features are constant for a long period of time.B. weather features are defined well enough.C. predictions on precipitation are accurate.D. the speed and direction of movement are predicable.34. The analog method should not be used in making a weather forecast whenA. the analog looks complicated.B. the current weather scenario is different from the analog.C. the analog is more than 10 years old.D. the current weather scenario is exactly the same as the analog.35. Historical weather data are necessary inA. the persistence method and the trends method.B. the trends method and the climatology method.C. the climatology method and the analog method.D. The persistence method and the analog method.参考答案：DDABC更多职称英语考试免费资料请访问“新东方在线职称英语频道”。

2016年职称英语理工C级考试真题附答案(最新版对答案个人整理)

阅读判断（每题1分，共7分）The Theory of EverythingIf Stephen Hawking lives until the year2017, he will have lived more than 50 years longer than Ns doctors expected. When he was a college student, doctors discovered that he had arare disease. This disease causes a gradual disintegration(分解)of the nerve cells in the braincells that regulate voluntary muscle activity. Death almost always occurswithin two or three years.Today Stephen Hawking cannot walk or speak.He cannot move his arms or his head. He can not taste of smell anything. Andyet this man is Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University, a positionheld by the famous scientist Isaac Newton in 1669.Hawking Is often described as the greatestscientist since Albert Einstein, but to the world outside science. He isalso known as the man who made scientific theory understandable. His book, A Brief History of Time, has sold overeight million copies.He says that since he does not have tothink about his body or do any of the things other men have to worry about,such as washing the car or working in the yard, he can dedicate all of his timeto thinking. This puts him in the perfect positionto find the answer to the question that he has dedicated his life to. Hisquestion is: Is there a complete theory of the universe and everything in it?Despite his tremendous physicaldisabilities, he has already made some very important discoveries about theorigin of the universe, how the universe holds together, and how it willprobably end. He has also been able to explain the secrets of “black holes”inspace. Now he is looking for a set of rules that everything in our universemust obey. He calls it the Theory of Everything. He thinks that someone willhave found the answer within the next 20 years.If Stephen Hawking it able to find hisTheory of Everything, he will have given the world the opportunity tounderstand things that will change the whole nature of science and probablyalso the way we live.16. StephenHawking will be 50 years old by 2017.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned答案为B;17. StephenHawking suffers from a rare brain disease.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned答案为B;18. StephenHawking is Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University.A.RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned答案为A；19. A Brief History of Time is verydifficult for students to understand.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned答案为B;20. StephenHawking has much time to think because he doesnt have to work.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned答案为B;21. StephenHawking has spent around ten years explaining the secrets of……….A. RightB.WrongC. Not mentioned答案为：C.22. TheTheory of Everything Is about the rules that everything in our………follow.A.RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned答案为A。

2016年职称英语理工类备考习题(阅读理解)

2016年职称英语理工类备考习题(阅读理解) Research by the University of Exeter1 has revealed that ants have a big impact on their local environment as a result of their activity as "ecosystem engineers" and predators. The study, published in the Journal of Animal Ecology, found that ants have two distinct effects on their local environment.Firstly, through moving of soil by nest building2 activity and by collecting food they affect the level of nutrients in the soil. This can indirectly impact the local populations of many animal groups, from decomposers to species much higher up the food chain.Secondly, they prey on a wide range of other animals, including larger prey which can be attacked by vast numbers of ant workers.Dirk Sanders, an author of the study from the university's Centre for Ecology and Conservation, said:"Ants are very effective predators which thrive in huge numbers. They're also very territorial3 and very aggressive, defending their resources and territory against other predators. All of this means they have a strong influence on their surrounding area.""In this research, we studied for the first time how big this impact is and the subtleties of it. What we found is that despite being predators, their presence can also lead to an increase in density and diversity of other animal groups4. Theygenuinely play a key role in the local environment, having a big influence on the grassland food web," Sanders said.The study, carried out in Germany, studied the impact of the presence of different combinations and densities of black garden ants and common red ants, both species which can be found across Europe, including in the UK. It found that a low density of ants in an area increased the diversity and density of other animals in the local area, particularly the density of herbivores and decomposers. At higher densities ants had no or the opposite effect, showing that predation is counteracting the positive influence.Dr Frank van Veen, another author on the study, said:"What we find is that the impact of ants on soil nutrient levels has a positive effect on animal groups at low levels, but as the number of ants increases, their predatory impacts have the bigger effect — thereby counteracting the positive influence via ecosystem engineering."Ants are important components of ecosystems not only because they constitute a great part of the animal biomass5 but also because they act as ecosystem engineers. Ant biodiversity6 is incredibly high and these organisms are highly responsive to human impact, which obviously reduces its richness. However, it is not clear how such disturbance damages the maintenance of ant services to the ecosystem. Ants are important in below ground processes8 through the alterationof the physical and chemical environment and through their effects on plants, microorganisms, and other soil organisms.1 .Why are ants compared to ecosystem engineers?A Because they build their own nests.B Because they collect food.C Because their activity affects the environment.D Because they are predators.2. As predators, antsA prey on small as well as large animals.B collect nutritious food from the soilC collect food as decomposers.D prey on species much higher up the food chain.3. Dir Sanders' study centered on how antsA can manage to thrive in huge numbers.B defend their resources and territory against other predators.C attack those invading animals for survival.D produce such a big impact on the environment.4. What does paragraph 6 tell us?A Ants bring about a negative influence to an area when their population is small.B Ants bring about a positive influence to an area when their population is small.C Ants' predation counteracts the positive influence they may have on an area.D At higher density, ants produce a positive influence on an area.5. What still remains unclear about ants, according to the last paragraph?A What roles do ants play in the ecosystem in which they live?B How do ants affect the animal diversity in a given ecosystem?C How do human activities affect ants' influence on a given ecosystem?D How do ants alter the physical and chemical environment?参考答案：1.C 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.C更多职称英语考试免费资料请访问“新东方在线职称英语频道”。

2016年职称英语考试(理工)阅读理解练习题

2016年职称英语考试(理工)阅读理解练习题Better Solar Energy Systems: More Heat, More Light Solar photovoltaic thermal energy systems, or PVTs, generate both heat and electricity, but until now they haven’t been very good at the heat-generating part compared to a stand-al one solar thermal collector. That’s because they operate at low temperatures to cool crystalline silicon solar cells, which lets the silicon generate more electricity but isn’t a very efficient way to gather heat.That’s a problem of economics. Good sola r hot-water systems can harvest much more energy than a solar-electric system at a substantially lower cost. And it’s also a space problem：photovoltaic cells can take up all the space on the roof, leaving little room for thermal applications.In a pair of studies, Joshua Pearce, an associate professor of materials science and engineering, has devised a solution in the form of a better PVT made with a different kind of silicon. His research collaborators are Kunal Girotra from ThinSilicon in California an d Michael Pathak and Stephen Harrison from Queen’s University, Canada.Most solar panels are made with crystalline silicon，but you can also make solar cells out of amorphous silicon, commonly known as thin-film silicon. They don’t create as much electri city, but they are lighter, flexible, and cheaper. And,because they require much less silicon, they have a greener footprint. Unfortunately，thin-film silicon solar cells are vulnerable to some bad-news physics in the form of the Staebler-Wronski effect.“That means that their efficiency drops when you expose them to light —pretty much the worst possible effect for a solar cell,” Pearce explains，which is one of the reasons thin-film solar panels make up only a small fraction of the market.However, Pearce and his team found a way to engineer around the Staebler-Wronski effect by incorporating thin-film silicon in a new type of PVT. You don’t have to cool down thin-film silicon to make it work. In fact，Pearce’s g roup discovered that by heating it to solar-thermal operating temperatures，near the boiling point of water, they could make thicker cells that largely overcame the Staebler-Wronski effect. When they applied the thin-film silicon directly to a solar thermal energy collector, they also found that by baking the cell once a day，they boosted the solar cell’s electrical efficiency by over 10 percent.41. PVTs are not efficient inA. creating electricity.B. cooling silicon solar cells.C. generating heat.D. powering solar thermal collectors.42. One of the problems PVTs have is thatA. their thermal applications are costly.B. they are too expensive to afford.C. they occupy too much space.D. it is hard to fix them on the roof.43. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an advantage of thin-film silicon solar cells?A. They are electrically efficient.B. They are less expensive.C. They are flexible.D. They are environment friendly.44. Thin-film solar panels do not sell well on market becauseA. their advantages are not well-recognized.B. they do not work well if exposed to light.C. they need improving in appearance.D. they are not advertised.45 Which of the following statements is true?A. Thin-film silicon's electrical efficiency improves when heated up.B. New techniques have been developed to produce thin-film silicon.C. Thin-film silicon works efficiently at low temperature.D. A new material enlarging the Staebler-WronsKi effect has been created.参考答案：41-45. C C A B A更多职称英语考试免费资料请访问“新东方在线职称英语频道”。

2016年职称英语考试真题理工类C级考后：阅读理解

2016年职称英语考试真题理工类C级考后：阅读理解第4部分：阅读理解(第31——45题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个选项。

第一篇Can you hear this?When something creates a sound wave in a room or an auditorium (礼堂)listeners hear the sound wave directly from the source. They also hear the reflections as the sound bounces off the walls, floor, and ceiling . These are called the reflected wave or reverberant (反射的) sound, which can be heard even after the sound is no longer coming from the source .The reverberation time of an auditorium is determined by thevolume or interior size of the auditorium .It is also determined by how well orhow poorly the walls, ceiling, floor,and contents of the room (including thepeople) absorb sound. There is no ideal reverberation time .The full-soundperformance of music such as Wagner operas or Mahler symphonies should have along reverberation time. The light, rapid musical passages of Bach or Mozartneed a reverberation time somewhere between.Acoustic problems often are caused by poor auditorium design .Smooth , curved (弯曲的)reflectingsurfaces create large reflections . Parallel (平行的)walls reflect sound back andforth, creating a rapid ,repetitive pulsing(有节奏的跳动)effect. Large pillars (柱)andcorners can cause acoustic shadows as the sound waves try to pass around theobject . Some of these problems can be solved by using absorbers and relectorsto change the reverberation time of a room .For example , hanging largereflectors , called clouds , over the performers will allow some soundfrequencies to reflect and others to pass yo achieve a pleasing mixture ofsound.1. This Passage is mainly aboutA sound waves and their acoustic effect .B the types of music orchestras playC walls of an auditoriumD the design of an auditorium2.Wagner operas and Mahler symphonies sound fuller in an auditorium withA a short reverberation timeB a long reverberation timeC an intermediate reverberation timeD no reverberation time3. Thispassage suggests that a good auditorium shouldA achieve a pleasing mixture of soundB get rid of all reflectionsC not have absorbers.D have smooth surfacesrge pillars and corners mayA make sound rich and fullB be cures for sound problemsC be sources of sound problemsD function as well as clouds5.The word “acoustic”in the last paragraph has something to do withA performanceB MusicC soundD noise第二篇Outside-the-classroomLearning Makes a Big DifferencePuttinga bunch of college students in charge of a $300,000 Dance Marathon, fundraisersurely sounds a bit risky1.When you consider the fact that the money issupposed to be given to children in need of medical care, you might call theidea crazy.Moststudent leaders don't want to spend a large amount of time on something theycare little about, said 22-year-old University of Florida student DarrenHeitner. He was the Dance Marathon's operations officer for two years.YvonneFangmeyer, director of the student organization office at the University ofWisconsin, conducted a survey in February of students involved in campusorganizations2. She said the desire for friendship was the most frequentlycited reason for joining.At largeuniversities like Fangmeyer's, which has more than 40,000 students, thestudents first of all want to find a way to "belong in their own corner ofcampus".KatieRowley, a Wisconsin senior, confirms the survey's findings." I wanted tomake the campus feel smaller by joining an organization where I could not onlyget involved on campus but also find a group of friends."All ofthis talk of friendship, however, does not mean thatstudents aren't thinkingabout their resumes. "I think that a lot of people do join to 'fatten uptheir resume'", said Heitner."At the beginning of my college career,I joined a few of these organizations, hoping to get a start in my leadershiproles."Butwithout passion student leaders can have a difficult time trying to weather thestorms that come. For example, in April, several student organizations atWisconsin teamed up3 for an event designed to educate students abouthomelessness and poverty. Student leaders had to face the problem of solvingdisagreements, moving the event because of rainy weather, and dealing with theuniversity's complicated bureaucracy."Outside-ofthe classroom learning really makes a big difference", Fangmeyer said.1. Anextracurricular activity like raising a fund of $300,000 is risky because moststudent leaders_________.A) arelazyB) arestupidC) arenot rich enoughD) will not take an interest in it2.Atherican students join campus organizations mostly for_________.A)making a differenceB)gaining experienceC) building friendshipD)improving their resumes3. Whois Katie Rowley? _________.A) She'sa senior professorB) She's a senior studentC) She'sa senior officialD) She'sa senior citizen4. Whatdo student leaders need to carry an activity through to a successful end?_________.A) Passion.B)Money.C) Power.D) Fame.5. The phrasal verb fatten up in paragraph 6 could be best replaced by_________.A)inventB)rewriteC) polishD)complete第三篇Covering the Coast All by HimselfUniversity life is in no way cheap in Canada. It costs Peter Kemp, a computer science major at the British Columbia Institute of Technology in Vancouver, C$18,000 ayear.Amazingly, the 21-year-old is covering the cost by himself.For the past three years, Kemp has done a range of part-time jobs to pay for his tuition and living expenses. Last semester alone, he worked five jobs for 32-40hours a week. Life is busy, but Kemp enjoys it.“Doing part-time jobs gives me economic independence,”said Kemp, who will begin his senior year this fall. “Having economic independence gives me the ability to take control of my life and make my own decisions,”said Kemp. “It has also helped me understand the value of money.Among Kemp’s five jobs last semester, two were on campus. For one, he helped maintain the university’s computer labs. For the other, he worked at the IT service desk to help students and teachers solve their computer problems. He also worked for a small company that develops GPS systems. This job paid him well at C$27 an hours.“These jobs made me put what I’ve learned in university to practical use,”Kemp said.“I accomplished creative andimaginative tasks by applying my abilities to the work. ”Good time management skills help Kemp balance work and study. He’s a top student in his class. And he will be the student association chairman for his department beginning next semester. It’s a position that he has desired for a long time.“It will give me the opportunity to be the voice for my fellow students and make a difference,”says Kemp.“I believe one of the key secrets to juggling(应付)everything is to avoid putting off tasks. This can leave you stressed and reduce the quality of your work and health,”he said.“I often make a list of the things I need to do each day and rank them by their importance. The list helps me decide what task I should do first and when I should complete it. Remember to ask for help when you think you can’t finish something on time, or can’t finish it by yourself. ”31.Who is Peter Kemp?A.A computer studentB.An American studentC.A French studentD.A British student32. How did he manage to pay his tuition and livingexpenses?A.He did a variety of part-time jobs.B.He won a few scholarships.C.He borrowed money from his parents.D.He obtained cheap loans from the bank.33.Which of the following is NOT directly mentioned in the passage as an advantage of having economic independence?A.it makes one understand that life is not easy.B.it helpsone know the value of money.C.it gives one the ability to control his or her life.D.it enable one to make his or her own decisions.34. Kempis able to balance work and study due to hisA.strong will power.B.exceptional intelligence.C.desire to become a leader.D.good management of time.35.The phrase “putting off”in Paragraph 7 meansA.performing.B.fulfilling.C.finishing.D.postponing。

2016年职称英语理工类之阅读理解

更多推荐：2016年职称英语理工类学习资料阅读理解。

短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。

请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

第一篇Eye-tracker Lets You Drag and Drop Files with a Glance Bored of using a mouse? Soon you'll be able to change stuff on your computer screen – and then move it directly onto your smartphone or tablet(平板电脑) –with nothing more than a glance.A system called Eye Drop uses a head-mounted eye tracker that simultaneously records your field of view so it knows where you are looking on the screen. Gazing at an object – a photo, say – and then pressing a key, selects that object. It can then be moved from the screen to a tablet or smartphone just by glancing at the second device, as long as the two are connected wirelessly."The beauty of using gaze to support this is that our eyes naturally focus on content that we want to acquire," says Jayson Turner, who developed the system with colleagues at Lancaster University, UK.Turner believes Eye Drop would be useful to transfer an interactive map or contact information from a public display to your smartphone or for sharing photos.A button needs to be used to select the object you are looking at otherwise you end up with the "Midas touch"(点石成金) effect, whereby everything you look at gets selected by your gaze, says Turner. "Imagine if your mouse clicked on everything it pointed at," he says.Christian Holz, a researcher in human-computer interaction at Yahoo Labs in Sunnyvale, California, says the system is a nice take on getting round this fundamental problem of using gaze-tracking to interact. "Eye Drop solves this in a slick (灵巧的)way by combining it with input on the touch devices we carry with us most of the time anyway and using touch input as a clutching mechanism," he says. "This now allows users to seamlessly(无缝地) interact across devices far and close in a very natural manner."While current eye-trackers are rather bulky, mainstream consumer devices are not too far away. Swedish firm Tobii is developing gaze-tracking technology that can be installed in laptops and tablets and is expected to be available to buy next year. And the Google Glass headset is expected to include eye-tracking in the future.Turner says he has also looked at how content can be cut and pasted or drag-and-dropped using a mix of gaze and taps on a touchscreen. The system was presented at the Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia in Sweden, last week.31. The eye-tracker technology enables us to______A. change our computer screen.B. move an object from screen with a glance.C. focus on anything that interests us.D. get a smartphone connected wirelessly.答案：B32. Why is a button needed?A. To minimize the cost of Eye Drop.B. To choose as many objects as possible.C. To make Eye Drop different from others.D. To select what we want.答案：D33. The word “this” in Paragraph 6 refers to_______A. application of gaze-tracking in human-computer interaction.B. interaction between human and computer.C. generalization of Eye Drop system.D. combination of gaze-tracking with input on touch devices.答案：D34. Which of the following statement is true of eye-trackers for consumer use.A. They are costly.B. They are expected to come out soon.C. They are available.D. They are installed in Google Glass headset.答案：B35. What is Turner likely to study next?A. How to present the system in public.B. How to get touchscreen involved.C. How to drag and drop with gaze and taps.D. How to cut and paste content from a public display.答案：C第二篇 A New Strategy to Overcome Breast CancerPost-menopausal(绝经后)women who walk for an hour a day can cut their chance of breast cancer significantly, a study has suggested. The report, which followed 73,000 women for 17 years, found walking for at least seven hours a week lowered the risk of the disease. The American Cancer Society team said this was the first time reduced risk was specifically linked to walking. UK experts said it was more evidence that lifestyle influenced cancer risk.A recent poll for the charity Ramblers a quarter of adults walk for no more than an hour a week, but being active is known to reduce the risk of a number of cancers. This study, published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Prevention, followed 73.615 women out of 97,785 aged 50-74 who had been recruited by the American Cancer Society between 1992 and 1993,so it could monitor the incidence of cancer in the group.They were asked to complete questionnaires on their health and on how much time they were active and participating in activities such as walking, swimming and aerobics(有氧运动)and how much time they spent sitting watching television or reading. They completed the same questionnaires at two-year intervals between 1997 and 2009. Of the women,47% said walking was their only recreational activity. Those who walked for at least seven hours per week had a 14% lower risk of breast cancer compared to those who walked three or fewer hours per week.Dr. Alpa Patel, a senior epidemiologist at the American Cancer Society in Atlanta, Georgia, who led the study, said:”Given that more than 60% of women report some daily walking, promoting walking as a healthy leisure-time activity could be aneffective strategy for increasing physical activity amongst post-menopausal women. We were pleased to find that without any other recreational activity, just walking one hour a day was associated with a lower risk of breast cancer in these women.””More strenuous(紧张的)and longer activities lowered the risk even more.”Baroness Delyth Morgan, chief executive of Breast Cancer Campaign, said:”This study adds further evidence that our lifestyle choices can play a part in influencing the risk of breast cancer and even small changes incorporate into our normal day-to-day activity can make a difference.”She added:”We know that the best weapon to overcoming breast cancer is the ability to stop it occurring in the first place. The challenge now is how we turn these findings into action and identify other sustainable lifestyle changes that will help us prevent breast cancer.”36. All of the following factors relating to cancer risk were mentioned in the passage EXCEPT________A. regular walkingB. breathing exerciseC. recreational activityD. lifestyle choices答案：B37. It can be inferred from Dr. Alpa Patel’s study that____.A. daily walking could cut the chance of breast cancerB. women have fewer chances of physical activityC. leisure-time activity is not associated with cancer riskD. walking is not recommended for women with breast cancer答案：A38. Dr. Alpa Patel was_____.A. chief editor of Cancer Epidemiology.B. head of the survey study.C. chair of the American Cancer Society.D. chief executive of Breast Cancer Campaign.答案：B39. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. Most women take walking as their only recreational activity.B. The study aims to track the health conditions of its subjects.C. Irregular walking increased the risk of breast cancer in post-menopausal womenD. Walking was the only recreational activity for about half of the women.答案：D40. The word “sustainable” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to .A. affordableB. availableC. continuableD. persistent答案：C。

2016职称英语考试《理工类》阅读理解

2016职称英语考试《理工类》阅读理解专项题(1)Benefits of Educating GirlThe benefits of educating girls are numerous — to individual girls both when they are young and when they become adult women, to their future families, and to society as whole. Education enables women to contribute more fully to the social and economic development of their societies. A girl's education is also an investment in future generations. The more educated a mother is, the more likely are her children — particularly her daughters — to roll and stay in school.The higher level of education attained by women is strongly associated with lower child death. Experts believe more educated women practice better hygiene and nutrition(营养), use health services more frequently, and survive better. Woman with more schooling tend to be healthier themselves. Perhaps reflecting their improved ability to avoid frequent childbearing (分娩)and to take advantage of available health services during pregnancy(怀孕).The educational level achieved by women, like family planning services, has the most powerful influence on family size. The impact of education on family size is strongest and most consistent for women who have completed some secondary schooling. Educating girls is three times more likely to lower family size than educating boys. Education appears to affect family size in many ways. More educated women not only want fewer children than their less educated husbands, but also are more likely to use effective contraception(避孕) successfully and to limit their families to the number of children, which contribute to smaller family size.Family size is ideal and child death rates are lowest, therefore, in countries that combine strong family planning and health programs with high levels of education for women.31 According to the article, families and the whole society benefit from women'sA work.B education.C effort.D health.32 According to the article, mother's education has an effect on children'sA personality.B experience.C grades in school.D years of schooling.33 Lower death rate of children owes to all of the following except women'sA good health.B frequent visits to health services.C better utilization of nutrition.D management of family resources.34 In what way do women contribute to the small family size according to the text?A By educating their children.B By marrying late.C By supporting the small family.D By educating their husbands.35 It can be concluded from the passage that educating girlsA has great influence on boy's growth.B is helpful to the stability of families.C can raise women's social status.D contributes to the development of society.答案：31 B 32 D 33 D 34 C 35 D2016职称英语考试《理工类》阅读理解专项题(2)Can Buildings Be Designed to Resist Terrorist Attack?In the aftermath of the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center, structural engineers are trying bard to solve a question that a month ago would have been completely unthinkable：Can building be designed to withstand catastrophic blasts inflict4ed by terrorists?Ten days after the terrorist attacks on the twin towers, structural engineers from the University at Buffalo and the Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research (MCEER) headquartered at UB traveled to ground zero as part of a project funded by the National Science Foundation. Visiting the site as part of an MCEER reconnaissance visit, they spent two days beginning the task of formulating ideas about how to design such structures and to search for clues on how to do so in buildings that were damaged, but still are standing.“Our objective in visiting ground zero was to go and look at the buildings surrounding the World Trade Center, those buildings that are still standing, but that sustained damage,” said M. Bruneau, Ph.D. “Our immediate hope is that we can develop a better understanding as to why those buildings remain standing, while our long-term goal is to see whether earthquake engineering technologies can be married to existing technologies to achieve enhanced performance of buildings in the event of terrorist attacks,” he added.Photographs taken by the investigators demonstrate in startling detail the monumental damage inflicted on the World Trade Center towers and buildings in the vicinity. One building a block away from the towers remains standing, but was badly damaged. “This building is many meters away from the World Trade Center and yet we see a column there that used to be part of that building,” explained A Whittaker, Ph. D. “The column became a missile that shot across the road, through the window and through the floor.”The visit to the area also revealed some surprises, according to the engineers. For example, the floor framing system in one of the adjacent buildings was quite rugged, allowing floors that were pierced by tons of falling debris to remain intact. “Highly redundant ductile framing systems may provide a simple, but robust strategy for blast resistance,”he added. Other strategies may include providing alternate paths for gravity loads in the event that a load-bearing column fails. “We alsoneed a better understanding of the mechanism of collapse,” said A Whittaker. “We need to find out what causes a building to collapse and how you can predict it.”A Reinhorn, Ph. D. noted that “Earthquake shaking has led to the collapse of many buildings in the past. It induces dynamic response and extremely high stresses and deformations in structural components. Solutions developed for earthquake-resistant design may be directly applicable to blast engineering and terrorist-resistant design. Part of our mission now at UB is to transfer these solutions and to develop new ones where none exist at present.”31 The question raised in the first paragraph is one __________.A that was asked by structural engineers a month agoB that is too difficult for structural engineers to answer even nowC that was never difficult for before the terrorist attackD that terrorists are eager to find a solution to32 The project funded by the National Science Foundation __________.A was first proposed by some engineers at UBB took about two days to completeC was to investigate the damage caused by the terrorist attackD was to find out why some buildings could survive the blasts33 The column mentioned by Dr. Whittaker _________.A was part of the building close to the World Trade CenterB was part of the World Trade CenterC was shot through the window and the floor of the World Trade CenterD damaged many buildings in the vicinity of the World Trade Center34 A surprising discovery made by the investigators during their visit to ground zero is that __________.A floors in the adjacent building remain undamagedB some floor framing systems demonstrate resistance to explosionC simple floor framing systems are more blast resistantD floors in one of the adjacent buildings were pierced by tons of debris35 What Dr. Reinhorn said in the last paragraph may imply all the following EXCEPT that __________.A blast engineers should develop new solutions for terror-resistant designB blast engineering can borrow technologies developed forterror-resistant designC solutions developed for earthquake-resistant design may apply to terrorist-resistant designD slast engineering emerges as a new branch of science答案：31 C建筑设计是否能使建筑具有抵御恐怖袭击的性能，是一个月前世界贸易中心受到袭击之前人们从未想过的一个问题。

2016年职称英语考试真题理工类C级考后首发：阅读理解

第4部分：阅读理解(第31——45题，每题3分，共45分) 下⾯有3篇短⽂，每篇短⽂后有5道题。

请根据短⽂内容，为每题确定1个选项。

第⼀篇 Can you hear this? When something creates a sound wave in a room or an auditorium (礼堂)listeners hear the sound wave directly from the source. They also hear the reflections as the sound bounces off the walls, floor, and ceiling . These are called the reflected wave or reverberant (反射的) sound, which can be heard even after the sound is no longer coming from the source . The reverberation time of an auditorium is determined by thevolume or interior size of the auditorium .It is also determined by how well orhow poorly the walls, ceiling, floor, and contents of the room (including thepeople) absorb sound. There is no ideal reverberation time .The full-soundperformance of music such as Wagner operas or Mahler symphonies should have along reverberation time. The light, rapid musical passages of Bach or Mozartneed a reverberation time somewhere between. Acoustic problems often are caused by poor auditorium design .Smooth , curved (弯曲的)reflectingsurfaces create large reflections . Parallel (平⾏的)walls reflect sound back andforth, creating a rapid ,repetitive pulsing(有节奏的跳动)effect. Large pillars (柱)andcorners can cause acoustic shadows as the sound waves try to pass around theobject . Some of these problems can be solved by using absorbers and relectorsto change the reverberation time of a room .For example , hanging largereflectors , called clouds , over the performers will allow some soundfrequencies to reflect and others to pass yo achievea pleasing mixture ofsound. 1. This Passage is mainly about A sound waves and their acoustic effect . B the types of music orchestras play C walls of an auditorium D the design of an auditorium 2.Wagner operas and Mahler symphonies sound fuller in an auditorium with A a short reverberation time B a long reverberation time C an intermediate reverberation time D no reverberation time 3. Thispassage suggests that a good auditorium should A achieve a pleasing mixture of sound B get rid of all reflections C not have absorbers. D have smooth surfaces rge pillars and corners may A make sound rich and full B be cures for sound problems C be sources of sound problems D function as well as clouds 5.The word “acoustic” in the last paragraph has something to do withA performanceB MusicC soundD noise 第⼆篇 Outside-the-classroomLearning Makes a Big Difference Puttinga bunch of college students in charge of a $300,000 Dance Marathon, fundraisersurely sounds a bit risky1.When you consider the fact that the money issupposed to be given to children in need of medical care, you might call theidea crazy. Moststudent leaders don't want to spend a large amount of time on something theycare little about, said 22-year-old University of Florida student DarrenHeitner. He was the Dance Marathon's operations officer for two years. YvonneFangmeyer, director of the student organization office at the University ofWisconsin, conducted a survey in February of students involved in campusorganizations2. She said the desire for friendship was the most frequentlycited reason for joining. At largeuniversities like Fangmeyer's, which has more than 40,000 students, thestudents first of all want to find a way to "belong in their own corner ofcampus". KatieRowley, a Wisconsin senior, confirms the survey's findings." I wanted tomake the campus feel smaller by joining an organization where I could not onlyget involved on campus but also find a group of friends." All ofthis talk of friendship, however, does not mean that students aren't thinkingabout their resumes. "I think that a lot of people do join to 'fatten uptheir resume'", said Heitner."At the beginning of my college career,I joined a few of these organizations, hoping to get a start in my leadershiproles." Butwithout passion student leaders can have a difficult time trying to weather thestorms that come. For example, in April, several student organizations atWisconsin teamed up3 for an event designed to educate students abouthomelessness and poverty. Student leaders had to face the problem of solvingdisagreements, moving the event because of rainy weather, and dealing with theuniversity's complicated bureaucracy. "Outside-ofthe classroom learning really makes a big difference", Fangmeyer said. 1. Anextracurricular activity like raising a fund of $300,000 is risky because moststudent leaders_________. A) arelazy B) arestupid C) arenot rich enough D) will not take an interest in it 2.Atherican students join campus organizations mostly for_________. A)making a difference B)gaining experience C) building friendship D)improving their resumes 3. Whois Katie Rowley? _________. A) She'sa senior professor B) She's a senior student C) She'sa senior official D) She'sa senior citizen 4. Whatdo student leaders need to carry an activity through to a successful end?_________. A) Passion. B)Money. C) Power. D) Fame. 5. The phrasal verb fatten up in paragraph 6 could be best replaced by_________. A)invent B)rewrite C) polish D)complete 第三篇 Covering the Coast All by Himself University life is in no way cheap in Canada. It costs Peter Kemp, a computer science major at the British Columbia Institute of Technology in Vancouver, C$18,000 ayear. Amazingly, the 21-year-old is covering the cost by himself. For the past three years, Kemp has done a range of part-time jobs to pay for his tuition and living expenses. Last semester alone, he worked five jobs for 32-40hours a week. Life is busy, but Kemp enjoys it. “Doing part-time jobs gives me economic independence,” said Kemp, who will begin his senior year this fall. “Having economic independence gives me the ability to take control of my life and make my own decisions,” said Kemp. “It has also helped me understand the value of money. Among Kemp’s five jobs last semester, two were on campus. For one, he helped maintain the university’s computer labs. For the other, he worked at the IT service desk to help students and teachers solve their computer problems. He also worked for a small company that develops GPS systems. This job paid him well at C$27 an hours. “These jobs made me put what I’ve learned in university to practical use,” Kemp said.“I accomplished creative and imaginative tasks by applying my abilities to the work. ” Good time management skills help Kemp balance work and study. He’s a top student in his class. And he will be the student association chairman for his department beginning next semester. It’s a position that he has desired for a long time.“It will give me the opportunity to be the voice for my fellow students and make a difference,” says Kemp. “I believe one of the key secrets to juggling(应付)everything is to avoid putting off tasks. This can leave you stressed and reduce the quality of your work and health,” he said. “I often make a list of the things I need to do each day and rank them by their importance. The list helps me decide what task I should do first and when I should complete it. Remember to ask for help when you think you can’t finish something on time, or can’ t finish it by yourself. ” 31.Who is Peter Kemp? A.A computer student B.An American student C.A French student D.A British student 32. How did he manage to pay his tuition and living expenses? A.He did a variety of part-time jobs. B.He won a few scholarships. C.He borrowed money from his parents. D.He obtained cheap loans from the bank. 33.Which of the following is NOT directly mentioned in the passage as an advantage of having economic independence? A.it makes one understand that life is not easy. B.it helpsone know the value of money. C.it gives one the ability to control his or her life. D.it enable one to make his or her own decisions. 34. Kempis able to balance work and study due to his A.strong will power. B.exceptional intelligence. C.desire to become a leader. D.good management of time. 35.The phrase “putting off” in Paragraph 7 means A.performing. B.fulfilling. C.finishing. D.postponing。

2016职称英语理工类a级考试真题及答案

2016职称英语理工类a级考试真题及答案全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇12016职称英语理工类A级考试真题及答案Part I Reading Comprehension (40 points)Directions: There are five passages in this part. Each passage is followed by four questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose one best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage 1Only very distant relatives score enough “points” to become professional worsted tennis players. There is a nice blend of tomboy and prude in some of today’s good ones. Many of the precocious young titans of the courts have to fight jitters; and in the case of the junior that comes along only once a decade or so, the fight grows veritable when the captain sticks out an unbald head in a kind of harness some fifty-year-old lady put out of so-called clear scraps. (10)The fight against jitter moves in its small phases. At first, the junior finds it relatively easy to bulldoze his way through a local tournament. This gives a boost for bigger game, national and even international tournaments. The real fight is knowing how to hit on a ball on the court. This is the hard one for sexagenarian dotards to analyze—not only because the shot lingers but also because the precise moment for taking the hit comes only once every five seconds, so that knowing where the hit is going to be is batting .200; but knowing the moment is a beserk fight against time, tide and terror. Even some of the worsted pros have been known to chug at the juice to dull the squealing butterflies in their stomach. Other musclemen chug beer or radiators.If a Worst has a “good” b ad day when yards of tennis can go wham, bam, thank you ma’am, with hardly a misdeed loophole, the which what what mucks them up is more likely to come from lack of wind, since their little guts are oiled up like a used motorcycle chain. Caloric starvation due to worry may also be a cause, since as soon as that dirty laundry has gotten hung out to dry, the jitterer feels tired—such is the fight against jitter. When the national champion, a 25-year-old who can top the kiddies aaseily 6-4, 6-1 or make worse a French Korean, despite the wind breaking into three-fourths gales, gets up in themorning to meet some electron-charged fourteen-year-old, it is jitter time again.21. A fast horse may win a __________ easily.A. junior tennis matchB. small tennis gameC. game between prosD. national tennis match【答案】B22. The “moment” in the passage refers to ___________.A. the moment to take the hit on the ballB. the moment to remember the hit on the ballC. the moment to enjoy the hit on the ballD. the moment to watch the hit on the ball【答案】A23. Caloric starvation due to worry may cause a worsted pro to ___________.A. drink beerB. dul the squealing butterflies in stomachC. lug at the juiceD. feel tired【答案】D24. The national champion is likely to be topped by__________.A. another national championB. some electron-charged kidsC. some French KoreansD. some eighteen-year-old muscleman【答案】BPart II Vocabulary & Structure (20 points)Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET.25.―Let’s send the form to the head office.―Why don’t we have Mr. Brown __________ it up?A. lookB. lookingC. lookedD. looks26. I wish they had informed me of __________ change in the schedule in advance.A. theB. aC. anD. /27. Not until all the guests __________ did the party start.A. will arriveB. would arriveC. arrivesD. arrived28. If Mary had worked harder, she __________ the examination.A. would passB. passedC. should have passedD. would have passedPart III Cloze (20 points)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best fills the blank.The day-long queue in the hot sun was not exactly the best way to find out you’ve got ca ncer. But for many in this small Greek town, the early__29__ came right after a political protest on a similar issue. The clinic that was providing the free__30__ we had been waiting for quite a while __31__ over budget troubles. The fundings of all such projects seemed to be seriously __32__ in the near future.But this local win over the crisis was a wake-up call for __33__. And food was ___34___ the place they decided to start. The island’s supermarkets now not only give away__35__ food, but they pac k up all the unwanted fresh goods too so we don’t__36__ anything at all. Why wasn’t it on everyone’s lips __37__? After all, what child goes hungry at school in Greece these days?Hunger might not be new to the country, but the tight__38__ of buying even the most basic goods revealed itself in mostly notthe __39__ places. These days even the week’s__40__ 20 euros disappear quickly.29. A. warningB. signC. warning signD. indicator【答案】A30. A. check-upB. treatmentC. foodD. produce【答案】B31. A. agreedB. overC. upD. reached【答案】B32. A. lackingB. lacking outC. thinned outD. ran out【答案】A33. A. many peopleB. these peopleC. some peopleD. the people 【答案】B34. A. importantB. mostC. whereD. twenty【答案】B35. A. thrown-outB. thrownC. thrown foodD. wasted【答案】A36. A. useB. allowC. letD. lack【答案】C37. A. beforeB. thoughC. afterD. then【答案】D38. A. spendingB. budgetingC. budgetD. security-keeping【答案】C39. A. supposedB. supposingC. usualD. visible【答案】A40. A. necessaryB. essentialsC. neededD. requirement【答案】BPart IV Error Correction (10 points)Directions: In this part, there are 10 sentences. In each sentence, there is one part that has to be corrected. You should identify the part that should be corrected and then write the correction in the corresponding space on the ANSWER SHEET.41. All of a sudden, there goes the church bellsA.C.D. 、42. If I were you. I would wait until the rain stopsA.B.C.D.43. The teacher as well as the students are going to the science museumA.B.C.D.44. It is almost impossible for anyone repair the clock without special toolsA.B.D.45. I will go skiing with Tim's group or with Sara or with Ceri.A.B.C.D.Part V Writing (10 points)Directions: There is a composition of not less than 80 words on the ANSWER SHEET. Write on the topic: High Salary as Top Priority or Job Satisfaction.【答案解析：点击查看下一页】Part I Reading Comprehension21. 【答案】B。

2016职称英语《理工类》阅读理解练习题（3）

Britain's Solo SailorEllen MacArthur started sailing when she was eight，going out on sailing trips with her aunt.She loved it so much that she saved her money for three years to buy her first small sailing boat.When she was 18，she sailed alone around Britain and won the"Young Sailor of the Year"award.But Ellen really became famous in 2001.Aged only 24，she was one of the only two women who en-tered the Vendee Globe round the world solo race，which lasts l00 days.Despite many problems，she came second in the race out of 24 competitors and she was given a very warm welcome when she returned.Ambition and determination have always been a big part of Ellen's personality.When she was youn-ger，she lived in a kind of hut（棚屋）for three years while she was trying to get sponsorship to compete in a transatlantic race.Then she took a one-way ticket to France，bought a tiny seven meter Class Mini yacht（游艇），slept under it while she was repairing it，and then she raced it 4，000 kilometres across the Atlantic in 1997，alone for 33 days.Ellen has had to learn many things，because sailing single—handed means that she has to be her owncaptain，electrician，sailmaker，engineer，doctor，journalist，cameraman and cook.She also has to be very fit，and because of the dangers of sleeping for long periods of time she's in the middle of the ocean，she has trained herself to sleep for about 20 minutes at a time.And she needs courage.Once，in the middle of the ocean，she had to climb the mast（桅杆）of a boat to repair the sails—at four o'clock in the mornin9.with l00kph winds blowing around her.It took her many hours to make the repairs；Ellen says:"I was exhausted when I came down.It’s hard to describe how it feels to be up there.It's like trying to hold onto a bigpole，which for me is just too big to get my arms around，with someone kicking you all the time and trying to shake you off".But in her diary，Ellen also describes moments which make it all worthwhile（值得的）:"A beautiful sunrise started the day，with black clouds slowly lit by the bright yellow sun.I have a very strong feeling of pleasure，being out here on the ocean and having the chance to live this.I just feel lucky to be here".31.In the Vendee Globe race.Ellen wonA.the second place.B.a gold medal.C.the"Young Sailor of the Year"award.D.the"Best Woman Sailor"award.[正确答案]:A [您的答案]解析:题意:在"旺底（帆迪）环球航海赛"中，艾伦赢得了第⼆名. ⽂中第⼆段谈到她是进⼊这场⽐赛的两名⼥选⼿中的⼀个，在24个竞争对⼿中.她赢得了第⼆名，故选A.32. Ellen lived in a kind of hut for three yearsA. while she was learning how to repair sailB. because she was ambitious for the coming racC. while she was trying to get financial support for a racD. because she was interested in country lif[正确答案]:C [您的答案]解析:句意:当她努⼒地要为⽐赛获得资⾦⽀持的时候，艾伦在⼀种棚屋⾥住了三年. ⽂中第三段第⼆句谈到"当艾伦还很年轻的时候，她就在⼀种棚屋⾥住了三年，那时她正在努⼒地想要获得进⾏横渡⼤西洋⽐赛的奖⾦"，故选C.33. The word"solo'’in the title could be best replaced byA. single-handeB. self-madC. one performeD. self-starte[正确答案]:A解析:句意:题⽬中的单词"solo"，可以被"single-handed"代替. ⽂中第四段第⼀句提到"艾伦必须学会许多事情，因为单独航⾏意味着……".故选A.34. According to paragraph 4，which of the following statements is NOT true？A. She has to learn to repair sailB. She has to be her own teacheC. She has to be very fiD. She has trained herself to sleep for about 20 minutes at a tim[正确答案]:B解析:句意:根据第四段，下列哪种说法是不对的？她是她⾃⼰的⽼师. ⽂中第四段提到"艾伦必须学会许多事情，因为单独航⾏意味着她必须是⾃⼰的船长、电⼯、修帆⼯、⼯程师、医⽣、记者、摄影师和厨师.她也必须⾮常适合这些⼯作，并且由于在海洋中长时间睡觉会⾮常危险.她就训练⾃⼰每次睡觉时间⼤约为20分钟"，故选B.35. How does Ellen feel about the Vendee Globe race？A. It is enjoyablB. It is surprisinC. It is dangerouD. It is relaxin[正确答案]:A解析:句意:艾伦感觉"旺底（帆迪）环球航海赛"⽐赛很愉悦. ⽂中最后⼀段谈到艾伦⾮常享受在⼤海上的感觉.感到⾃⼰⾮常幸运，故选A.。

2016职称英语理工类备考之阅读理解试题

2016职称英语理工类备考之阅读理解试题Women who live in the world's highest communities tend to give birth to under-weight babies, a new study suggests. These babies may grow into adults with a high risk of heart disease and strokes.Research has hinted that newborns in mountain communities are lighter than average. But it wasn't clear whether this is due to reduced oxygen levels at high altitude or because their mothers are under-nourished — many people who live at high altitudes are relatively poor compared with those living lower down.To find out more, Dino Giussani and his team at Cambridge University studied the records of 400 births in Bolivia during 1976 and 1998. The babies were born in both rich and poor areas of two cities: La Paz and Santa Cruz. L Paz is the highest city in the world, at 3.65 kilometers above sea level, while Santa Cruz is much lower, at 0.44 kilometers.Sure enough, Giussani found that the average birthweight of babies in La Paz was significantly lower than in Santa Cruz. This was true in both high andlow-income families. Even babies born to poor families in Santa Cruz were heavier on average than babies born to wealthy families in lofty La Paz. "We were very surprised by this result," says Giussani.The results suggest that babies born at high altitude are deprived of oxygen before birth. "This may trigger the release or suppression of hormones that regulate growth of the unborn child," says Giussani.His team also found that high-altitude babies tended to have relatively larger heads compared with their bodies. This is probably because a fetus starved of oxygen will send oxygenated blood to the brain in preference to rest of the body.Giussani wants to find out if such babies have a higher risk of disease in later life. People born in La Paz might be prone to heart trouble in adulthood, for example. Low birth weight is a risk factor for coronary(冠状的) heart disease. And newborns with a high ratio of head size to body weight are often predisposed to high blood pressure and strokes in later life.41. What does the new study discover?A. Babies born to wealthy families are heaver.B. Women living at high altitude tend to give birth to underweight babies.C. Newborns in cities are lighter than average.D. Low-altitude babies have a high risk of heart disease in later life.42. Giussani and his team are sure that _____.A. babies born in Lance Paz are on average lighter than in Santa Cruz.B. people living at high altitudes tend to give birth to underweight babies.C. the birth weight of babies born to wealthy families is Santa Cruz.D. mothers in La Paz are commonly under-nourished.43. It can be inferred from what Giussani says in Paragraph 4 that_____.A. the finding was unexpectedB. he was very tired.C. the study took longer than expected.D. he was surprised to find low-income families in La Paz.44. The results of the study indicate the reason for the underweight babies is _____.A. lack of certain nutrition.B. power of their mother.C. different family backgrounds.D. reduction of oxygen levels.45. It can be learned about form the paragraph that_____.A. high-altitude babies tend to have high blood pressure in later life.B. under-weight babies have a shorter life span.C. babies born to poor families lack hormones before birth.D. new born wealthy families have larger heads compared with their bodies.参考答案：41-45. B A A D B更多职称英语考试免费资料请访问“新东方在线职称英语频道”。

2016职称英语理工A真题及答案

阅读理解第一篇Older Volcanic EruptionsVolcanoes were more destructive in ancient history, not because they were bigger, but becausethe carbon dioxide they released wiped out life with greater ease. Paul Wignall from the University of Leeds was investigat,ing the link between volcaniceruptions and mass extinctions. Not all volcanic eruptions killed-off large numbers of animals, butall the mass extinctions over the past 300 million years coincided with huge formations of volcanicrock. To his surprise, the older the massive volcanic eruptions were, the more.damage they seemedto do. He calculated the "killing efficiency" for these volcanoes by comparing the proportion of lifethey killed off with the volume of lava that they produced. He found that size for size, oldereruptions were at least 10 times as effective at wiping out life as their more recent rivals.The Permian extinction' ,for example, which happened 250 million years ago, is marked byfloods of volcanic rock in Siberia that cover an area roughly the size of western Europe. Thosevolcanoes are thought to have pumped out about 10 gigatonnes of carbon as carbon dioxide. Theglobal warming that followed wiped out 80 per cent of all manne genera at the time, and it took 5million years for the planet to recover. Yet 60 million years ago, there was another huge amount ofvolcanic activity and global warming but no mass extinction. Some animals did disappear but thingsreturned to normal within ten thousands of years."The most recent ones hardly have an effect atall.”Wignall says. He ignored the extinction which wiped out the dinosaurs 65 million years ago,because many scientists believe it was primarily caused by the impact of an asteroid. He thinks thatolder volcanoes had more killing power because more recent life forms were better adapted todealing with increased levels of C02.Vincent Courtillot, director of the Paris Geophysical Institute in France, says that Wignall'sidea is provocative. But he says it is incredibly hard to do these sorts of calculations. He points outthat the killing power of volcanic eruptions depends on how long they lasted. And it is impossible totell whether the huge blasts lasted for thousands or millions of years. He also adds that it is difficultto estimate how much lava prehistoric volcanoes produced, and that lava volume may notnecessarily correspond to carbon dioxide emissions.1. Why did older volcanic eruptions do more damage than more recent ones?A) Because they killed off life more easily.B) Because they were brighter.C) Because they were larger.D) Because they were hotter.2. How did Wignall calculate the killing power of those older volcanic eruptions?A) By estimating how long they lasted.B) By counting the dinosaurs they killed.C) By studying the chemical composition of lava.D) By comparing the proportion of life wiped out with the volume of lava produced.3. When did dinosaurs become extinct?A) 300 million years ago.B) 250 million years ago.C) 60 million years ago.D) 65 million years ago.4. What can be inferred from paragraph 3 concerning dinosaurs?A) They were killed off by an asteroid.B) They died of drastic climate change.C) They were wiped off by a volcanic eruption.D) The cause of their extinction has remained a controversial issue.5. What is the main thesis of the article?A) Volcanic eruptions are not always deadly.B) Older volcanic eruptions were more destructive.C) Carbon dioxide emissions often give rise to global warming.D) It is not easy to calculate the killing power of a volcanic eruption.答案与题解：1.A 问题问的是：为什么远古的火山爆发比近期的火山爆发破坏性更大?第一段是这么说的：古代的火山更具破坏力，不是因为它们更大，而是因为它们释放出的二氧化碳更能容易地毁灭生命。

2016年职称英语理工类C级阅读理解精选试题

下⾯有3 篇短⽂，每篇短⽂后有5 道题。

请根据短⽂内容，为每题确定1 个选项。

第1篇 Budget A budget is a spending plan. It can help you spend m o n e y wisely. It can do this by cutting out wasteful spending. O f course, preparing a budget takes planning, and following a budget takes will power. Your budget should meet your family’s needs and income. The first step in creating a budget is to set your goals. W h a t does your family need and wants. Y o u must k n o w this to work out the details of the budget. Keep goals realistic, in terms of income available. Then decide which goals are the most important. The next step is estimating family income. Before you can plan wisely, you need to know how much money you have to spend! Write d o w n all the m o n e y you expect to receive (wages, savings, interest, etc.) during the planned budget period. After you have calculated h o w m u c h m o n e y will be available, it is time to estimate expenses. L ist all of your family expenses. If you are not satisfied with what you got for your money, look carefully at your spending. Studying your records will show where overspending has occurred. It will also point out poor buying habits. It is also a good idea to set aside a small amount of m o n e y for emergencies. Every family has small emergencies: a blown tire, a broken device, or the need for minor medical care. 31. According to the passage, what is the advantage of a budget? A. It can help you set your goals clearly. B. It can help you save a lot of money. C. It can help you get rid of poor buying habits. D. It can help you spend m o n e y in a reasonable way. 32. In carrying out your budget, you n e e d ______ . A. to have the ability to control yourself B. to ask your family m embers for advice C. to cut it d o w n as m u c h as possible D. to take care not to buy expensive things 33. O n e advantage of keeping a record of your spending is that______. A. you will remember h o w m u c h you have already spent B. you will k n o w if you have spent more m o n e y than you planned C. you will be able to tell your family what should not be bought D. you will learn h o w to m a k e a better budget next time 34. The writer suggests that it is a good idea to set aside s ome m o n e y because______ . A. you probably will not be able to follow your budget B. people usually spend more than they plan to do C. things can happen unexpectedly D. others m a y want to borrow some m o n e y from you 35. This passage is mainly about______. A. the meaning of a budget B. the relation between budget and income C. the w a y in which a budget is m a d e D. the importance of making a budget。