Spar_buoys_Clubstead_Semi_submersible_oil_pl
orbitrap exploris
orbitrap exploris（中英文实用版）英文文档：The Orbitrap Exploris is a powerful mass spectrometer designed for high-resolution, high-accuracy mass analysis.It utilizes a unique trap-based technology that allows for the separation and detection of ions based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z).This instrument is widely used in various fields such as proteomics, metabolomics, environmental analysis, and pharmaceutical research.The Orbitrap Exploris offers several advantages over other mass spectrometry techniques.Firstly, it provides excellent resolution, which enables the identification of complex peaks and the separation of closely related ions.This is particularly useful for the analysis of complex samples, where the presence of numerous interfering peaks can complicate the interpretation of the data.Secondly, the Orbitrap Exploris offers high accuracy in mass measurement, which is crucial for the accurate determination of the molecular weights and structures of unknown compounds.This feature makes it an ideal choice for protein and peptide analysis, as well as for the characterization of small molecules and metabolites.Furthermore, the Orbitrap Exploris is capable of high-throughput analysis, allowing for the rapid screening and characterization of largenumbers of samples.This is particularly beneficial for high-throughput screening applications in the pharmaceutical industry, as well as for large-scale proteomics and metabolomics studies.In summary, the Orbitrap Exploris is a state-of-the-art mass spectrometer that offers high-resolution, high-accuracy mass analysis, making it an invaluable tool for researchers in various fields.中文文档：Orbitrap Exploris 是一款强大的质谱仪，设计用于高分辨率、高准确度的质量分析。
Autodesk Nastran 2023 参考手册说明书
FILESPEC ............................................................................................................................................................ 13
DISPFILE ............................................................................................................................................................. 11
File Management Directives – Output File Specifications: .............................................................................. 5
BULKDATAFILE .................................................................................................................................................... 7
Vyntus
Vyntus ® PNEUMO I Vyntus ® IOS I Vyntus ® APSModular high-end PC-Spirometer for spirometr y, impulse oscillometr y and bronchial challenge testingRocc airway resistance SNIP – Sniff nasal insp.Rhinomanometryof PFT labs depend every day on Vyaire’s proven,of publications the JAEGER pneumotach wasthe device of choice. Its excellent dynamic range effectively tests a broad population from small children to adults.The pneumotach has been designed to work with the validated II bacterial/viral filter and is easy to disassemble.User’s demand hygiene that isdownstreamed parts only needsto be cleaned and disinfectedAnimation incentives Choose from 10 user-definablePrecise data managementSentrySuite software acts as your powerful assistant that will help guide and coach you from calibration to test completion and report generation.with macros or select from aExtremely quiet impulsegenerator with an impressive resolution of 10 complete impedance spectra persecond over the whole range from 3 – 50Hz informative Intra Breath Analysis.Heated JAEGER pneumotach also used for your spirometry measurementsWhen using MicroGard,our pneumotach and all down-streamed parts only needs to be cleaned and disinfectedImpulse oscillometry provides an effective measure of lung dysfunction in 4-year old children at risk for Spirometry underestimated the prevalence of lung function abnormalities in comparison to forcedVyntus APS – for accurate and safe bronchial challenge testingVyntus APS is an Aerosol Provocation System.Up-to-date and sophisticated electronicsand mechanics allow for optimal use of itsnebulization technology with precise dosing. For the observation measurements Vyntus APS combines with the Vyntus PNEUMO and/ or the Vyntus IOS in one system.Low noisecompressorand interfacefor Vyntus APS/PNEUMO/IOSExpiratory filtereffectivelyprotects foraerosolcontaminationCombine your VyntusAPS with VyntusPNEUMO or Vyntus IOScomparable to the Gold Standard. 6A published1-concentration-4-step dosimeterprotocol formethacholinetesting togetherwith the VyaireAPS system isavailable. 7Highest level of patient safetywith SentrySuite softwareThe built-in intelligence of the observation module ensures patient safety while achieving accurate provocation thresholds. After the initial baseline measurement to exclude a contra-indication, the software monitors the patient’s response to each provocation step. It either automatically progresses to the next provocation step or flags that the pre-setprovocation level has been achieved.Customizableclassification barOn-the-fly clear overview aftereach observation measurementcalculationAccuracy:+/– 12 mLTechnicalSpecificationsVyntus PNEUMOVyntus IOSVyntus APS/IOS11Directives 93/42/EEC amended by 2007/47/EC, RoHS 2011/65/EU compliant Market clearancesCEVyntus APS nebulizerOption rhinomanometryOption SNIPFor EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland, Turkey, United Kingdom, Africa, Middle East, Asia except China, Australia, New Zealand, South America, Canada distribution only. All illustrations, descriptions and technical specifications are subject to change without prior notice. Trademarks are the proper ty of their respective owners.© 2019 Vyaire Medical, Inc. or one of its af filiates. All rights reser ved. Vyaire, the Vyaire Medical logo and all other trademarks are trademarks or registered trademarks of Vyaire Medical, Inc. or one of its af filiates. Medical devices class IIa according to Medical Devices Directive 93/42/EEC. Please read the complete Instructions For Use that come with the devices or follow the instructions on the product labeling. | V YR-INT-1900093R E F E R E N C E S* based on the Bio Burden DIN EN ISO 11737-1: Report 18AA00881 Z L Borrill, C M Houghton, A A Woodcock, J Vestbo, and D Singh Medicines Evaluation Unit, North-west Lung Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, UK Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2005 April; 59(4): 379–384. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2004.02261.x.2 Y aegashi M, Yalamanchili V, Kaza V, Weedon J, Heurich A, Akerman M. Respir Med. 2007 May;101(5):995-1000.3 M ansur AH, Manney S, Ayres JG. Resp Med. 2007 Sep 25. Respiratory Medicine, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital NHS Trust, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK.4 M arotta A, Klinnert, M, Price, M, Larsen, G. Liu, A.H. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003; 112(2): 317-322. Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, National Jewish Medical and Research Center, and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, 80206, USA.5 S kloot G, Goldman M, Fischler D, Goldman C, Schechter C, Levin S, Teirstein A. Chest. 2004 Apr;125(4):1248-55. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.6 R . Köbrich, N.J. van Duijn, R. Lauschner, P.J. Sterk; Jaeger Toennies GmbH, Hoechberg, Germany; Lindopharm GmbH, Hilden, Germany; Dept. Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.7 R Merget et al., Development of a 1-concentration-4-step dosimeter protocol for methacholine testing. Respir Med. 2009. Apr; 103(4):607-13. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2008.10.010.G L O B A L H E A D Q U A R T E R SVyaire Medical, Inc.26125 North Riverwoods BlvdMettawa, IL 60045USA Vyaire Medical GmbH Leibnizstrasse 7 97204 HoechbergGermany。
Pentax KP 使用手册说明书
Noticeable better af fine adjustment you can be able to this pentax of and. Remember that was this pentax kp manual wire hookup is a filter simulator function may earn an image sync are subject is an autofocus systems. People can apply a pentax user manual in the system packed with other devices, at the status af. Default function for and user is shaken during long time to the monitor also for your computer is a superb camera control dials as cancel menu items are nearly perfect. Usually seen pixel by pentax user manual before using the shutter speed for being accidentally deleted images at different and take a kind of. Discrepancies in pentax user and go practice the light settings select af mode in playback functions in tracking, so that adjusts the live previews on. Nature and video recording with pentax kp getting started explains your pentax! Refresh the user manual focusing area by fujitsu, while checking the kp in. Diopter correction functions in pentax kp camera until perfect focus on the features and off the brightness retrieves the
SPA XTREME-X 1.4-2.3M
1 SPA DESIGN Fire Suppression manua lT hank you for purchasing one of our latest range of systems Homologated to the latest FIA standard 8865-2015. This manual covers the following system XTREME-X 1.4-2.3M³It is important that you read the following instructions carefully beforeattempting to install your fire suppression systemsThe performance of these systems could be affected if they are in any waymodified or tampered with and will void its homologation. Please ensure you only use genuine SPA parts should any parts need replacingShould you require assistance with this please call +44(0)1543 434580 or ********************.ukPages 2-34 5-67-1113-141215-16IndexContentsSystem fitting instructionsElectrical installationEngine bay /cockpit nozzlelocationConnecting Copper pipeSystem picturesBottle dimensionsData sheetsInstallation Notes17182Engine System1 X SPA-XTR-APS-B BOTTLE ONLY1 X SP387 BOTTLE PLINTH2 X SP386 BOLTED STRAPS1 X SP287 EXTENSION PIPE2 X SP280 10MM COPPER PIPE PER METER1 X SP281 DEFLECTOR NOZZLE1 X SP282 BULKHEAD CONNECTOR ¼ BSP-M201 X SP283 10mm ¼ BSP COMPRESSION FITTING1 X SPA-E X T-APS-B BOTTLE ONLY1 X SP388 BOTTLE PLINTH2 X S P386 BOLTED STRAPS1 X SP281 DEFLECTOR NOZZLE1 X SP288 ½ METER 12.7MM COPPER PIPE1 X SP282 BULKHEAD CONNECTOR ¼ BSP-M201 X SP287 EXTENSION PIPE1 X SP289 12.7MM ¼ BSP COMPRESSION FITTINGELECTRICAL KIT3 X SP005H HIRSCHMAN PLUG & LEADS1 X SP277 NEW FIA STANDARD POWER PACK HIRSCHMAN TYPE 1 x SP011 INTERNAL FIRE BUTTON1 X SP012 EXTERNAL FIRE BUTTON1 X SP017 E LOCATION STICKER LARGE1 X SP129 E LOCATION STICKER SMALLSYSTEM FITTING INSTRUCTIONSU npack all parts and check co mponents against check list on pages 2 & 3.Mount the engine bay system in or around the passenger footwell ideally in a transverse position page 7-11Mount the cockpit system ideally as detailed on page s7-11 behind driver or passenger seat.The extinguisher label, detailing contents etc. should be visible, mount the plinth securely to the vehicle and secure the bottle with the straps provided.Mount the power pack in a clearly visible position.Switch with Shroud (SP011) to be fitted in the cockpit within easy reach of both driver and co-driver when sitting in normal driving position and wearing fastened seatbelts.External switch (SP012) to be fitted to outside of vehicle, close to master switch (to activate by marshals when required).Electrical system to be wired as shown on page 6.TEST POSITIONWith the switch in the test position, the power pack is not armed and draws no current until either the internal switch (SP011) or external switch (SP012) is pressed.To initiate the test routine, press either internal or external switch .Test all goodIf all the tests are good, the n the amber test lamp will light for 6 seconds and then go off. This means that the system has not been operated and the Co2 canister is still charged and all wiring continuity is good. Test failedIf one of the tests fails, the amber light will flash the fault indication for 12 seconds and go off.Fault IndicationIf the amber test lamp flashes one pulse at a time, this is error 1 = low batteryIf the amber test lamp flashes two pulses at a time, this is error 2 = Continuity Ohms too highIf there is a short in the wiring or if the firing button is not released, then the amber light will change from good (no flashing) to error (flashing error 3) after 6 seconds.If the amber test lamp flashes three pulses at a time , this is error 3 = short circuitWarning error 3 will continue to flash until the fault is removed – DO NOT switch system to armed if error 3 is flashing as this may operate the fire suppression systems, you must locate the fault in the wiring harness or switches.If no lights come on when you press the button, then there is no continuity. This can be due to a loom fault, a switch fault, an expended firing head, incorrect wiring, firing head not plugged in or a flatbattery(check the battery by disconnecting the loom and momentarily switching to Armed position). no A RMED POS I TION With the switch in armed position, the power pack is providing full battery power to the output socket. If power pack switch and the battery volts are good, then the Red Armed LED will flash constantly. The Red LED only uses a very small amount of power; the battery should be replaced every 6 Test positionSystem armed positionPower PackHirschman External Firing Button Internal Firing Button Brown Blue Blue Brown BrownBlue Hirschman HirschmanJoinJoin Black1.INSTALLATION DU SYSTEME D’EXTINCTION / FIRE EXTINGUISHER SYSTEM INSTALLATION101.INSTALLATION DANS L’HABITACLE / COCKPIT INSTALLATIONa)Emplacement et orientation du corpsLocation and orientation of body Horizontally mounted behind passenger or driver seat or in front ofdriver or passenger seat.b)Emplacement et orientation des busesLocation and orientation of nozzles Located between driver and passenger seat or towards the frontcentre of car.c)Précaution à prendre lors de l’installation du systèmeSpecial care to take with the installation of the systemE1-1) Installation dans l’habitacle (emplacement et orientation du corps)Cockpit installation (location and orientation of body) E1-2) Installation dans l’habitacle (emplacement et orientation des buses)Cockpit installation (location and orientation of nozzles)102.INSTALLATION DANS LE MOTEUR / ENGINE INSTALLATIONa)Emplacement et orientation du corpsLocation and orientation of bodyHorizontally mountedb)Emplacement et orientation des busesLocation and orientation of nozzlesMount off bulk head, central to enginec)Précaution à prendre lors de l’installation du systèmeSpecial care to take with the installation of the systemE2-1) Installation dans le moteur (emplacement et orientation du corps)Engine installation (location and orientation of body) E2-2) Installation dans le moteur (emplacement et orientation des buses)Engine installation (location and orientation of nozzles)ENGINE NOZZLE LOCATIONlocationBOTTLE LOCATION ENGINE Ideally m ount bottle in passenger footwell areaDEFLECTOR NOZZLE ORIENTATION ENGINE BAYNozzle locationIdeally m ount cockpit bottle either behind driver seat or passenger seatENG INE BAY NOZZLE CONNECTIONSThe engine bay Nozzle comes preassembled.1.Measure length of pipe required, cut to size using pipe cutter or hacksaw, deburr pipe.2.Push one end of pipe into 10mm fitting on bottle.3.Make 21mm hole in bulkhead.4.Insert bulkhead Fitting into hole from engine bay side5.Keep Deflector nozzle in position as shown on page 86.Turn M20 nut onto bulkhead Fitting until tight against bulkhead7.Screw ¼ BSP compression fitting into bulkhead connector until tight8.Place Compression nut and then olive onto 10mm pipe9.Insert pipe into compression fitting and tighten using two spannersCONNECTING COPPER PIPE – COMPRESSION FITTINGSOnce the pipes have been cut square – make sure all components are clean; you can use steel wool for this.Place the first nut over one of the sections of pipe.Next, place the olive over the pipe and push it along a little. Some olives have a right and wrong way round. If this is the case, they will have a different size chamfer on each side.The longest one goes against the middle of the joint.Place the fitting over the pipe and push it home. Line up the nut and hand-tighten.Using two spanners, hold the body of the fitting still with one, whilst tightening the nut with the other. It is important to tighten this nut by the right amount. If it is not fully tightened, the joint could leak.If the nut is over tightened, the olive and pipe can become distorted and the connection will leak. As a guide, the nut will usually require one complete revolution in addition to the hand-tightening. As the spanner is turned, you will feel some obvious resistance as the olive is pushed against the pipe. At this point, it will only need a little additional tightening to become watertight.This routine is to be applied to all compression fittings where pipework is connected.COCKPIT SYSTEMSENGINE SYSTEMS11417Data sheetsEXTREMEComposition Dodecafluoro-2-methylpentan-3-one,(CF3CF2C(O)CF(CF3)2)Ozone depletion NoneOperating temperature -40 to + 85 CFreeze point -108 CCritical temperature 168.7 CPhysiological properties no observed adverse effect level and lowest observed adverse effect level for cardiac sensitization (halocarbons) and oxygen depletion (Inert gas)Nozzle installation, install the bulkhead fitting as shownon page 11, apply a small amount of Loctite 243 orequivalent threadlocking medium strength adhesive toprevent vibration Fig 4.Now rotate the nozzle into the correct position asshown on page 8 or 9 and allow threadlocking adhesiveto cure.fig 1fig 2。
SPAM64 64 位扩展 SPArse Matrix R 包的说明文件说明书
Package‘spam64’October17,2023Type PackageTitle64-Bit Extension of the SPArse Matrix R Package'spam'Version2.10-0Date2023-10-17Description Provides the Fortran code of the R package'spam'with64-bit integers.Loading this package together with the R packagespam enables the sparse matrix class spam to handle huge sparse matriceswith more than2^31-1non-zero elements.Documentation is provided in Gerber,Moesinger and Fur-rer(2017)<doi:10.1016/j.cageo.2016.11.015>.Suggests spam(==2.10-0)License LGPL-2|BSD_3_clause+file LICENSEURL https://git.math.uzh.ch/reinhard.furrer/spamNeedsCompilation yesAuthor Reinhard Furrer[aut,cre](<https:///0000-0002-6319-2332>), Florian Gerber[aut](<https:///0000-0001-8545-5263>),Roman Flury[aut](<https:///0000-0002-0349-8698>),Daniel Gerber[ctb],Kaspar Moesinger[ctb],Youcef Saad[ctb](SPARSEKIT/~saad/software/SPARSKIT/),Esmond G.Ng[ctb](Fortran Cholesky routines),Barry W.Peyton[ctb](Fortran Cholesky routines),Joseph W.H.Liu[ctb](Fortran Cholesky routines),Alan D.George[ctb](Fortran Cholesky routines),Lehoucq B.Rich[ctb](ARPACK),Maschhoff Kristi[ctb](ARPACK),Sorensen C.Danny[ctb](ARPACK),Yang Chao[ctb](ARPACK)Maintainer Reinhard Furrer<************************.ch>Repository CRANDate/Publication2023-10-1720:10:02UTC1R topics documented:spam64-package (2)Index4 spam64-package64-bit extension for the SPArse Matrix Package spamDescriptionProvides the Fortran code of the R package spam with64-bit integers.Loading this package to-gether with the R package spam enables the sparse matrix class spam to handle huge sparse matrices with more than2^31-1non-zero elements.NoteIt is intended to use spam64together with spam.To avoid issues on32-bit platforms we did not link the packages spam and spam64using dependencies.Conversion between the structures happens when calling low-level functions and for some other selected operations.Some spam64functions have been successfully tested with64-bit matrices.However,we expect that some functions of spam do not work with64-bit matrices(yet).Please do not hesitate to contact us via email or https://git.math.uzh.ch/reinhard.furrer/spam in case you would like to use a spam function with64-bit matrices that is not working properly in the current version.Author(s)Reinhard Furrer[aut,cre],Florian Gerber[aut],Roman Flury[aut]and many contributors.ReferencesF.Gerber,K.Moesinger,R.Furrer(2017),Extending R packages to support64-bit compiled code:An illustration with spam64and GIMMS NDVI3g data,Computer&Geoscience104,109-119, https:///10.1016/j.cageo.2016.11.015.spam64uses the R package dotCall64to call compiled code:F.Gerber,K.Moesinger,R.Furrer (2018),dotCall64:An R package providing an efficient interface to compiled C,C++,and Fortran code supporting long vectors.SoftwareX,7,217-221,https:///10.1016/j.softx.2018.06.002. Exampleslibrary("spam")library("spam64")tiny<-spam(1)pad(tiny)<-c(3,2^32)tinystr(tiny)#tiny matrix big timeprint(A<-spam_random(3))options(spam.force64=TRUE)#forcing64-bit structure print(B<-spam_random(3))A+Boptions(spam.force64=FALSE)B#No operations,structure is preservedA+B#Lowlevel operation,structure is adaptedIndex∗documentationspam64-package,2∗packagespam64-package,2SPAM64(spam64-package),2Spam64(spam64-package),2spam64(spam64-package),2spam64-package,24。
Volvo Trucks I-Shift 变速箱软件包说明书
The I-Shift gearbox’s functions are optimised with specially adapted softwar e packages that make the gear box even more pr actical and economical by adapting the gearshift strategies to the current transport conditions.Sales variantsBasic version (TP-BAS)TP-BAS is the standard software package supplied with the I-Shift and includes the gearbox’s basic functions for allround driving.I-Shift distribution gear changing software (TP-DIST)TP-DIST adapts the gearbox’s function to the specific con-ditions in the distribution segment. The software package includes functions that aid manoeuvrability when starting off from standstill, in manoeuvring and when driving at low speed.I-Shift construction gear changing software (TP-CON)TP-CON adapts the gearbox’s function to the specific conditions in the construction segment. The software package includes functions that aid manoeuvrability when starting off from standstill, in manoeuvring and when driving at low speed. This software can also handle tougher road conditions.I-Shift long haul gear changing software (TP-LONG)TP-LONG includes intelligent functions that minimise fuel consumption. This software package is ideal for long-haul operations where strong emphasis is placed on fuel economy. This package includes the I-Roll function.Heavy duty transport (TP-HD)TP-HD optimises I-Shift for heavy duty transport with high gross combination weights (>85 tonnes). Regardless of the gross combination weight, the driver can always optimise driv-ability by selecting or deactivating the heavy duty mode, and activating the long haul mode. The functions in the software package also offer benefits for trucks hauling multiple trailers.TP-DIST is tailored for conditions in the distribution transport segment.TP-CON is adapted for construction operations.TP-LONG is designed to rationalise long-haul transport.TP-HD is specially tailored for heavier transport operations.• Standard (•) The function can be used when TP-LONG is activated. o Option – Not available *Only AT2612D, AT2612F, ATO2612F, ATO3112F and ATO3512F.†TP-BAS and TP-LONG are the only options available for SPO2812.Sales codes for I-Shift software packagesTP-BAS I-Shift basic software packageTP-DIST I-Shift distribution gear changing software TP-CON I-Shift construction gear changing software TP-LONG I-Shift long haul gear changing softwareTP-HD I-Shift heavy duty gear changing software Sales codes for standard equipmentAPF-BASS tandard version of I-Shift, if APF-ENH isnot chosenAMSO-BAS S tandard version of I-Shift, if AMSO-AUT isnot chosenAVO-BAS S tandard version of I-Shift, if AVO-ENH isnot chosen Sales codes for available optionsAPF-ENH Enhanced I-shift PTO functions (Auto N eutral /Reverse Inhibit / Split Box Connection)AMSO-AUT I-Shift manual gear shift available inautomatic mode incl kickdown functionAVO-ENH Enhanced I-Shift software for constructionand off road applicationsI-Shift’s software packages can easily be installed and changed with the help of Volvo’s analysis and programming tool, Volvo Tech Tool. This is done by authorised dealers and workshops, where the software packages can be further customised with optional functions and customer parameters.Basic PTO Functions (APF-BAS)Facilitates power take-off operation. Pre-defined splitter gear positions determine which splitter gear is used when one or two gearbox power take-offs are engaged.Because gear selection is matched to the engine speed limit, it is possible to set parameters for the software. The gear selection is then adapted to any engine speed limits imposed by body-builder functions.Enhanced PTO Functions (APF–ENH)Several functions that aid power take-off operation. I-Shift’s power take-off functions make it possible to activate the proper-ties listed below by having the software parameters adjusted at an authorised workshop.Auto NeutralOn command, the driveline is disconnected from the bodybuilder control unit, regardless of the gear lever’s position, when Auto Neutral is activated.Reverse InhibitWhen the bodybuilder control unit issues the Reverse Inhibit command, the reverse gears are blocked by the transmission system.Connection of splitter boxAllows connection of a splitter box for operation of high-capacity power take-offs. Direct gear is activated when the bodybuilder module is put in splitter box mode. It is also possible to use all high range gears. Please look into the body builder instructions.Basic Gear Selection Adjustment (AMSO-BAS) Allows the driver to adjust gear selection with the gear lever buttons during engine braking in Automatic mode (gear selec-tor position A).Enhanced Gear Selection Adjustment, incl. Kickdown (AMSO–AUT)This function allows both the automatically selected starting gear and the driving gear in Automatic mode to be adjusted by activating the plus/minus button on the gear lever. Arrow sym-bols in the driver information display show the available gears. There is also a function that facilitates speed adjustment when the vehicle is idling or driving very slowly, for instance in traffic queues. The gears can also be shifted upwards since engine speed is automatically increased before upshifts. The kickdown function selects a gear for maximum accelera-tion. When the kickdown switch on the accelerator pedal is engaged, the system changes the gearshift strategy to maximise vehicle acceleration. When suitable (e.g. depending on engine speed), this leads to a downshift.K ickdown only works in Economy mode to prevent accidental activation during off-road driving.Basic Vocational Functions (AVO-BAS)Allows the driver to choose between the Economy and Perfor-mance driving modes.Enhanced Performance – Bad Roads (AVO–ENH) This optional package is specially adapted to the specific conditions of the construction and timber transport segments. The P+ Performance mode includes various functions that adapt gearshifts and gear selection to poor driving surfaces and hilly gradients. It also includes functions that facilitate starting from standstill in poor driving conditions.P + is designed to minimise the number of gearshifts required. This is useful during off-road driving. It prevents wheels from spinning out when torque is increased after a gearshift, and prevents missed gearshifts, for example if the road gradient changes sharply. High engine power (high revs) is often required when driving uphill.If the driver speeds up before a hill and then changes gears, the truck may not gain enough speed.The driver can also influence the maximum number of downshifts.This is very useful when you shift to a lower gear on a very steep uphill gradient and only want to shift once to a gear strong enough to take you all the way up. Both Economy, Performance an P+ are now available.Summary of the functions in the package:• Engine revs are increased as necessary to provide extra torque when starting off from standstill.• Larger margins before upshifts ensure safer driving if the gradient changes.• Gear selection is adapted to minimise the number of gear-shifts and run at slightly higher revs (also available with Economy mode).• Functions that make it easier to keep the same gear when the• accelerator pedal position and road gradient change.• The package enables multiple downshifts. This facilitates gearshifts when driving up steep slopes.• Includes a function that speeds up clutch release and makes it easier to rock the vehicle out of trouble if it gets stuck on a soft surface.• When moving the gear lever, the driver can choose the gear that provides the highest possible engine speed.AVO-ENH can be combined with the Heavy Duty Transport program (TP-HD) without any problem. The AVO-ENH func-tions will only be active when the HD-mode is not active and when the Power mode is selected.Basic Shift StrategyAutomatic selection of correct starting gear (1st – 6th gear). The choice of starting gear is determined by gross vehicle weight and road gradient.Performance ShiftGives faster, gentler shifts through intelligent utilisation of the engine’s compression brake (VEB brakes), the vehicle’s clutch and a special gearbox brake.Gearbox Oil Temperature MonitorContinuously shows the gearbox oil temperature in the infor-mation display.Heavy Start EngagementFor start-up with high revs in Performance mode in 1st gear, resulting in higher starting torque. This function raises the revs to facilitate heavy starts. This is useful, for instance, if the truck is stuck in soft ground.I-RollAutomatic activation and deactivation of a freewheel function in order to cut fuel consumption, which can be reduced by up to several percent. I-Roll is used when neither engine power nor engine braking is needed, for instance on flat roads. When driving with cruise control, I-Roll runs at roughly 1–3 km/h be-low the pre-set speed, which saves fuel. The longer the vehicle drives using I-Roll, the more fuel is saved.Smart Cruise ControlInteracts with the vehicle’s Brake Cruise and ensures that the auxiliary brakes are not activated unnecessarily. The auxiliary brakes are deactivated on downhill stretches to save fuel. This allows increased use of the freewheel function, resulting in improved fuel efficiency.Launch Control4Optimises gear selection and EBS functions when manoeuvring at low speeds. Manoeuvring is facilitated because the EBS brakes are automatically engaged when the truck changes direction. This also ensures that the Hill Start Aid function is only activated on uphill gradients.It is possible to drive the vehicle forward with the idle regulator. This saves unnecessary downshifts and makes it easier to adjust the vehicle’s speed, for instance when driving in traffic queues. Enhanced Shift Strategy1By interacting with EBS2 and ECS3, both starting and ma-noeuvring are made easier.This brake mode maximises VEB/VEB+/retarder braking effects by automatically selecting the appropriate gear so the engine runs at high revs. This function compensates for the engine brake when changing gears in brake mode.When changing gears during engine braking, the wheel brakes are activated to compensate for braking moment. This raises braking power and provides smoother gearshifts.Interaction with the braking systems increases safety by preventing the truck from accelerating during gearshifts on steep slopes when braking mode is activated.Heavy Duty GCW Control5Optimises gear selection for high gross combination weights (85 t < GCW ≤ 180 t). This function improves driveability and fuel economy in the heavy duty transport segment. Heavy Duty GCW Control gives the driver access to the HD (Heavy Duty) driving mode.In HD mode, 1st gear is used as the starting gear and gear selection is adapted to heavier gross combination weights. The gearshifts generally occur at higher revs. HD is activated and deactivated by pressing and holding the E/P button on the gear selector for about 3 seconds. The chosen driving mode remains selected when the engine is turned off.Among other things, the TP-HD function selects the start-ing gear to suit the gross combination weight, thereby saving the clutch. The entire gear range is utilised, and the gears are changed consistently at high revs to maintain torque and driving comfort.When driving with low gross combination weights or without a load, it is easy to deactivate the HD driving mode and return to Economy mode. After this, the driver can switch between Economy and Performance modes. This ensures comfortable and fuel-efficient driving.1 Full functionality requires EBS-MED.2 EBS = Disc Brakes with Electronically controlled Brake System (EBS-STD / EBS-MED)3 ECS = Electronically Controlled Suspension (SUSPL-EC).4 Full functionality requires EBS and ECS.5 Available only with certain engine/gearbox combinations. Customer parametersI-Shift also has many options for setting customer parameters that optimise the vehicle’s driving properties in special applica-tions and special transport segments. For instance, the starting gear can be optimised according to the transport conditions. Power take-off operation can also be customised. Customised settings and reprogramming of I-Shift are car-ried out at authorised workshops using the Volvo Tech Tool.Volvo retains the right to modify design and specifications without prior notification.。
Sumitube F2(Z)
Electrical
Chemical
Sizes
Nominal size (mm) 1 x 0.2 1.5 x 0.2 2 x 0.2 2.5 x 0.25 3 x 0.25 3.5 x 0.25 4 x 0.25 5 x 0.25 6 x 0.25 7 x 0.25 8 x 0.25 9 x 0.25 10 x 0.25 11 x 0.25 12 x 0.25 13 x 0.3 14 x 0.3 15 x 0.3 16 x 0.3 18 x 0.35 20 x 0.35 22 x 0.4 25 x 0.4 30 x 0.5 40 x 0.5 50 x 0.5 Supplied ID (mm) Recovered ID (mm) Inside diameter Wall thickness (nom.) Inside diameter (max.) Wall thickness (min.) 1.30 ± 0.30 0.20 0.50 0.33 2.00 ± 0.30 0.20 0.75 0.36 2.50 ± 0.30 0.20 1.00 0.44 3.00 ± 0.30 0.25 1.25 0.44 3.50 ± 0.30 0.25 1.50 0.44 4.00 ± 0.30 0.25 1.75 0.44 4.50 ± 0.30 0.25 2.00 0.44 5.40 ± 0.30 0.25 2.50 0.56 6.4 ± 0.4 0.25 3.00 0.56 7.4 ± 0.4 0.25 3.50 0.56 8.4 ± 0.4 0.25 4.00 0.56 9.4 ± 0.4 0.25 4.50 0.56 10.4 ± 0.4 0.25 5.00 0.56 11.4 ± 0.4 0.25 5.50 0.56 12.4 ± 0.4 0.25 6.0 0.56 13.4 ± 0.4 0.30 6.5 0.69 14.5 ± 0.4 0.30 7.0 0.69 15.5 ± 0.4 0.30 7.5 0.69 16.8 ± 0.5 0.30 8.0 0.69 18.7 ± 0.5 0.35 9.0 0.77 21.2 ± 0.6 0.35 10.0 0.77 23.2 ± 0.6 0.40 11.0 0.77 26.1 ± 0.8 0.40 12.5 0.87 32.0 ± 1.0 0.50 15.0 0.87 43.0 ± 1.5 0.50 20.0 0.97 53.0 ± 2.0 0.50 25.0 0.97 Unit length (min.) (m) Cut Spool 1 200 1 200 1 200 1 200 1 200 1 200 1 200 1 100 1 100 1 50 1 50 1 50 1 50 1 50 1 50 1 50 1 50 1 50 1 50 1 50 1 50 1 50 1 50 1 50 1 50 1 50
法布里珀罗基模共振英文
法布里珀罗基模共振英文The Fabryperot ResonanceOptics, the study of light and its properties, has been a subject of fascination for scientists and researchers for centuries. One of the fundamental phenomena in optics is the Fabry-Perot resonance, named after the French physicists Charles Fabry and Alfred Perot, who first described it in the late 19th century. This resonance effect has numerous applications in various fields, ranging from telecommunications to quantum physics, and its understanding is crucial in the development of advanced optical technologies.The Fabry-Perot resonance occurs when light is reflected multiple times between two parallel, partially reflective surfaces, known as mirrors. This creates a standing wave pattern within the cavity formed by the mirrors, where the light waves interfere constructively and destructively to produce a series of sharp peaks and valleys in the transmitted and reflected light intensity. The specific wavelengths at which the constructive interference occurs are known as the resonant wavelengths of the Fabry-Perot cavity.The resonant wavelengths of a Fabry-Perot cavity are determined bythe distance between the mirrors, the refractive index of the material within the cavity, and the wavelength of the incident light. When the optical path length, which is the product of the refractive index and the physical distance between the mirrors, is an integer multiple of the wavelength of the incident light, the light waves interfere constructively, resulting in a high-intensity transmission through the cavity. Conversely, when the optical path length is not an integer multiple of the wavelength, the light waves interfere destructively, leading to a low-intensity transmission.The sharpness of the resonant peaks in a Fabry-Perot cavity is determined by the reflectivity of the mirrors. Highly reflective mirrors result in a higher finesse, which is a measure of the ratio of the spacing between the resonant peaks to their width. This high finesse allows for the creation of narrow-linewidth, high-resolution optical filters and laser cavities, which are essential components in various optical systems.One of the key applications of the Fabry-Perot resonance is in the field of optical telecommunications. Fiber-optic communication systems often utilize Fabry-Perot filters to select specific wavelength channels for data transmission, enabling the efficient use of the available bandwidth in fiber-optic networks. These filters can be tuned by adjusting the mirror separation or the refractive index of the cavity, allowing for dynamic wavelength selection andreconfiguration of the communication system.Another important application of the Fabry-Perot resonance is in the field of laser technology. Fabry-Perot cavities are commonly used as the optical resonator in various types of lasers, providing the necessary feedback to sustain the lasing process. The high finesse of the Fabry-Perot cavity allows for the generation of highly monochromatic and coherent light, which is crucial for applications such as spectroscopy, interferometry, and precision metrology.In the realm of quantum physics, the Fabry-Perot resonance plays a crucial role in the study of cavity quantum electrodynamics (cQED). In cQED, atoms or other quantum systems are placed inside a Fabry-Perot cavity, where the strong interaction between the atoms and the confined electromagnetic field can lead to the observation of fascinating quantum phenomena, such as the Purcell effect, vacuum Rabi oscillations, and the generation of nonclassical states of light.Furthermore, the Fabry-Perot resonance has found applications in the field of optical sensing, where it is used to detect small changes in physical parameters, such as displacement, pressure, or temperature. The high sensitivity and stability of Fabry-Perot interferometers make them valuable tools in various sensing and measurement applications, ranging from seismic monitoring to the detection of gravitational waves.The Fabry-Perot resonance is a fundamental concept in optics that has enabled the development of numerous advanced optical technologies. Its versatility and importance in various fields of science and engineering have made it a subject of continuous research and innovation. As the field of optics continues to advance, the Fabry-Perot resonance will undoubtedly play an increasingly crucial role in shaping the future of optical systems and applications.。
Bose L1 Pro16 Portable Line Array系统产品简介说明书
P R O F E S S I O N A LTECHNICAL DATAL1 PRO16PORTABLE LINE ARRAY SYSTEMProduct OverviewA balance of power and portability, the L1 Pro16 portable line array is a streamlined system with high output and extended low frequency range. With a 16-driver articulated J-shape line array, the L1 Pro16 delivers 180-degree horizontal sound coverage, great for small-to-medium sized clubs, bars, and other venues. An integrated subwoofer with a RaceTrackdriver delivers powerful bass without the bulk; a built-in multi-channel mixer offers EQ, reverb, and phantom power, plus Bluetooth® streaming and access to the full library of T oneMatch presets; and the intuitive L1 Mix app places wireless control in your hands from your smartphone. For DJs, singer-songwriters, and small ensembles, the L1 Pro16 gives you expanded bandwidth and supreme clarity — the power to sound your best and simply perform.Key FeaturesBalance power and portability with the L1 Pro system optimized for both on-the-go simplicity and expanded bandwidth, ideal for small-to-medium sized clubs, bars, and other venuesDeliver premium full-range sound with consistent tonal balance for singer-songwriters, mobile DJs, small ensembles, and moreMaintain supreme vocal and instrument clarity with a J-shape extended-frequency line array featuring 16 articulated 2" neodymium drivers and wide 180-degree horizontal coverageBring more bass with less bulk with an integrated 10" × 18" high-excursion neodymium RaceTrack woofer; performance that rivals a conventional 15" woofer with a smaller footprintGo from vehicle to venue easily with a modular three-piece system that’s easier to pack, carry, and set up Select between optimized system EQ presets for live music, recorded music, and moreConnect various audio sources easily via built-in mixer with two combo XLR-1/4" phantom-powered inputs, 1/4" and 1/8" (3.5 mm) aux input, plus Bluetooth®streaming — and access system EQ and ToneMatch presets, volume, tone, and reverbvia illuminated controlsAdd in even more instruments and other audio sources via dedicated ToneMatch port; one cable provides both powerand digital audio between the system and a Bose T4S or T8S mixer (optional)Take wireless control with the L1 Mix app on your smartphone to adjust settings instantly, roam the room and fine-tune,and access the ToneMatch library of custom EQ presetsStream high-quality Bluetooth® audio from compatible devices(Magnified array view)(Grilles removed)L1 Mix AppMobile device not includedand not to scaleFootnotes(1) Frequency response and range measured on-axis in anechoic environment with recommended bandpass and EQ.(2) Maximum SPL calculated using sensitivity and power ratings, exclusive of power compression.(3) Net weight excludes carry bag and power cord.Connections and Controlsq C hannel Parameter Control: Adjust the level ofvolume, treble, bass, or reverb for your desired channel. Press the control to switch between parameters; rotate the control to adjust the level of your selected parameter.w S ignal/Clip Indicator: The LED will illuminate green when a signal is present and will illuminate red when the signal is clipping or the system is entering limiting. Reduce the channel or signal volume to prevent signal clipping or limiting.e C hannel Mute: Mute the output of an individual channel. Press the button to mute the channel. While muted, the button will illuminate white.r C hannel ToneMatch Button: Select theT oneMatch preset for an individual channel. Use MIC for microphones and use INST for acoustic guitar. The corresponding LED will illuminate white while selected.t C hannel Input: Analog input for connectingmicrophone (XLR), instrument (TS unbalanced), or line level (TRS balanced) cables.y P hantom Power: Press the button to apply 48-volt power to channels 1 and 2. The LED willilluminate white while phantom power is applied.u USB Port: USB-C connector for Bose service use. Note: This port is not compatible with Thunderbolt 3 cables.i X LR Line Output: Use an XLR cable to connect the line-level output to a Sub1/Sub2 or another bass module.o T oneMatch Port: Connect your L1 Pro to a T4S or T8S T oneMatch mixer via a ToneMatch cable.C AUTION: Do not connect to a computer or phone network.a P ower Input: IEC power cord connection.s Standby Button: Press the button to power onthe L1 Pro. The LED will illuminate white while the system is on.d S ystem EQ: Press the button to scroll through and select a master EQ suitable for the use case. The corresponding LED will illuminate white while selected.f T RS Line Input: Use a 6.4-millimeter (1/4-inch) TRS cable to connect line-level audio sources.g A ux Line Input: Use a 3.5-millimeter (1/8-inch) TRS cable to connect line-level audio sources.h B luetooth ® Pair Button: Set up pairing with Bluetooth capable devices. The LED will flash blue while the L1 Pro is discoverable andilluminate solid white when a device is paired for streaming.VOLUME BASS VOLUME VOLUME TREBLE REVERBTREBLE BASS REVERBTREBLE BASSqwProduct DimensionsSide ViewModular ViewFront ViewRear ViewPerformanceFrequency Response (On-Axis)S P L (d B )S P L (d B )Directivity Index and QD i r e c t i v i t y I n d e x (d B )D i r e c t i v i t y I n d e xBeamwidthA n g l e (D e g r e e s )Frequency (Hz)For additional specifications and application information, please visit . Specifications subject to change without notice. 10/2021Architect and Engineer SpecificationThe system shall be a multiple-driver, full-range portable loudspeaker system with internally-supplied power amplification and active equalization for multiple operating modes as follows:The transducer complement shall consist of 16, 2" (51 mm) high-excursion cricket drivers mounted in a curved articulated array loudspeaker, coupled with an integral 10" × 18" (254 mm × 457 mm) RaceTrack low-frequency driver mounted in a ported bass enclosure. The loudspeaker array shall be wired in a series/parallel configuration.The nominal horizontal beamwidth of the loudspeaker shall be 180° and the nominal vertical coverage shall be 0° to 30°. The system’s power stand shall incorporate a ported venting system for the low-frequency driver. The poweramplification for transducers shall be supplied by an integral, two-channel onboard amplifier providing 1000 W for low-frequency transducer and 250 W for mid-high array transducers.The onboard digital mixer shall consist of three input channels. Channel 1 and 2 shall provide a combination XLR or 1/4" TRS connector (mic/instrument/line) with treble, bass equalization, and reverb effects, and shall also provide selectable master output equalization with live, music, and speech presets. Phantom power (48 V) shall be available via a push button to enable and disable. Both channels shall provide selectable equalization presets for microphone and instruments. Channel 3 shall provide a 1/8" TRS (stereo-summed, line) connector, 1/4" TRS (line) connector. The same channel shall provide Bluetooth ® audio streaming using a high-definition AAC codec with a Bluetooth pairing button provided. All three channels shall have a dedicated channel mute button. The output connector of the onboard mixer shall consist of one XLR balanced line-level output connector. The onboard mixer shall provide a ToneMatch RJ-45 connector to receive digital audio and send power via ToneMatch cable for Bose T4S/T8S ToneMatch mixer.The enclosure of the power stand shall be constructed of high-impact polypropylene. The extension and array shall be constructed of high-impact ABS. The system shall be capable of two operating modes; collapsed or extended operating mode by integrating height-extension module.In collapsed mode, the system’s outer dimensions shall be 67.0" H × 14.0" W × 18.0" D (1704 mm × 355 mm × 456 mm). In extended operating mode, the system’s outer dimensions shall be 79.2" H × 14.0" W × 18.0" D (2011 mm × 355 mm × 456 mm). The system's net weight shall be 50.6 lbs (23.0 kg).The loudspeaker shall be the Bose L1 Pro16 portable line array system.Safety and Regulatory ComplianceThe L1 Pro16 portable line array system complies with the following standards:• UL/IEC/EN62368-1 Audio/Video, Information and Communication T echnology Equipment • Ecodesign Requirements for Energy Related Products Directive 2009/125/EC • Radio Equipment Directive 2014/53/EU • CAN ICES-3 (B)/NMB-3(B)• FCC Part 15 Class BThe Bluetooth® word mark and logos are registered trademarks owned by Bluetooth SIG, Inc. and any use of such marks by Bose Corporation is under license. Bose, L1, and T oneMatch are trademarks of Bose Corporation. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.。
M.2135 Guidelines for evaluation of radio interface technologies for IMT-Advanced
This Report provides guidelines for both the procedure and the criteria (technical, spectrum and service) to be used in evaluating the proposed IMT-Advanced radio interface technologies (RITs) or Sets of RITs (SRITs) for a number of test environments and deployment scenarios for evaluation. These test environments are chosen to simulate closely the more stringent radio operating environments. The evaluation procedure is designed in such a way that the overall performance of the candidate RIT/SRITs may be fairly and equally assessed on a technical basis. It ensures that the overall IMT-Advanced objectives are met.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without written permission of ITU.
Rep. ITU-R M.2135-1
1
研究生专业词汇
2-dimensional space3D mapabstractaccess dataAccessibilityaccuracyacquisitionad-hocadjacencyadventaerial photographsAge of dataagglomerationaggregateairborneAlbers Equal-Area Conic projection (ALBER alignalphabeticalphanumericalphanumericalalternativealternativealtitudeameliorateanalogue mapsancillaryANDannotationanomalousapexapproachappropriatearcarc snap tolerancearealAreal coverageARPA abbr.Advanced Research Projects Agen arrangementarrayartificial intelligenceArtificial Neural Networks (ANN) aspatialaspectassembleassociated attributeattributeattribute dataautocorrelationautomated scanningazimuthazimuthalbar chartbiasbinary encodingblock codingBoolean algebrabottombottom leftboundbreak linebufferbuilt-incamouflagecardinalcartesian coordinate system cartographycatchmentcellcensuscentroidcentroid-to-centroidCGI (Common Gateway Interface) chain codingchainscharged couple devices (ccd) children (node)choropleth mapclass librariesclassesclustercodecohesivelycoilcollinearcolumncompactcompasscompass bearingcomplete spatial randomness (CSR) componentcompositecomposite keysconcavityconcentricconceptual modelconceptuallyconduitConformalconformal projectionconic projectionconnectivityconservativeconsortiumcontainmentcontiguitycontinuouscontourcontour layercontrol pointsconventionconvertcorecorrelogramcorrespondencecorridorCostcost density fieldcost-benefit analysis (CBA)cost-effectivecouplingcovariancecoveragecoveragecriteriacriteriacriterioncross-hairscrosshatchcross-sectioncumbersomecustomizationcutcylindrical projectiondangledangle lengthdangling nodedash lineDATdata base management systems (DBMS) data combinationdata conversiondata definition language (DDL)data dictionarydata independencedata integritydata itemdata maintenancedata manipulationData manipulation and query language data miningdata modeldata representationdata tabledata typedatabasedateDBAdebris flowdebugdecadedecibeldecision analysisdecision makingdecomposededicateddeductiveDelaunay criterionDelaunay triangulationdelete(erase)delineatedemarcationdemographicdemonstratedenominatorDensity of observationderivativedetectabledevisediagonaldictatedigital elevation model (DEM)digital terrain model (DTM) digitizedigitizedigitizerdigitizing errorsdigitizing tablediscrepancydiscretediscretedisparitydispersiondisruptiondissecteddisseminatedissolvedistance decay functionDistributed Computingdividedomaindot chartdraftdragdrum scannersdummy nodedynamic modelingeasy-to-useecologyelicitingeliminateellipsoidellipticityelongationencapsulationencloseencodeentity relationship modelingentity tableentryenvisageepsilonequal area projectionequidistant projectionerraticerror detection & correctionError Maperror varianceessenceet al.EuclideanEuclidean 2-spaceexpected frequencies of occurrences explicitexponentialextendexternal and internal boundaries external tablefacetfacilityfacility managementfashionFAT (file allocation table)faultyfeaturefeaturefeedbackfidelityfieldfield investigationfield sports enthusiastfields modelfigurefile structurefillingfinenessfixed zoom infixed zoom outflat-bed scannerflexibilityforefrontframe-by framefreefrom nodefrom scratchfulfillfunction callsfuzzyFuzzy set theorygantrygenericgeocodinggeocomputationgeodesygeographic entitygeographic processgeographic referencegeographic spacegeographic/spatial information geographical featuresgeometricgeometric primitive geoprocessinggeoreferencegeo-relational geosciences geospatialgeo-spatial analysis geo-statisticalGiven that GNOMONIC projection grain tolerance graticulegrey scalegridhand-drawnhand-heldhandicaphandlehand-written header recordheftyheterogeneity heterogeneous heuristichierarchical hierarchicalhill shading homogeneoushosthouseholdshuehumichurdlehydrographyhyper-linkedi.e.Ideal Point Method identicalidentifiable identification identifyilluminateimageimpedanceimpedanceimplementimplementimplicationimplicitin excess of…in respect ofin terms ofin-betweeninbuiltinconsistencyincorporationindigenousinformation integration infrastructureinherentinheritanceinlandinstanceinstantiationintegerintegrateinteractioninteractiveinteractiveinternet protocol suite Internet interoperabilityinterpolateinterpolationinterrogateintersectintersectionIntersectionInterval Estimation Method intuitiveintuitiveinvariantinventoryinvertedirreconcilableirreversibleis adjacent tois completely withinis contained iniso-iso-linesisopleth mapiterativejunctionkeyframekrigingKriginglaglanduse categorylatitudelatitude coordinatelavalayerlayersleaseleast-cost path analysisleftlegendlegendlegendlength-metriclie inlightweightlikewiselimitationLine modelline segmentsLineage (=history)lineamentlinearline-followinglitho-unitlocal and wide area network logarithmiclogicallogicallongitudelongitude coordinatemacro languagemacro-like languagemacrosmainstreammanagerialmanual digitizingmany-to-one relationMap scalemarshalmaskmatricesmatrixmeasured frequencies of occurrences measurementmedialMercatorMercator projectionmergemergemeridiansmetadatameta-datametadatamethodologymetric spaceminimum cost pathmirrormis-representmixed pixelmodelingmodularmonochromaticmonolithicmonopolymorphologicalmosaicmovemoving averagemuiticriteria decision making (MCDM) multispectralmutually exclusivemyopicnadirnatureneatlynecessitatenestednetworknetwork analysisnetwork database structurenetwork modelnodenodenode snap tolerancenon-numerical (character)non-spatialnon-spatial dataNormal formsnorth arrowNOTnovicenumber of significant digit numeric charactersnumericalnumericalobject-based modelobjectiveobject-orientedobject-oriented databaseobstacleomni- a.on the basis ofOnline Analytical Processing (OLAP) on-screen digitizingoperandoperatoroptimization algorithmORorderorganizational schemeoriginorthogonalORTHOGRAPHIC projectionortho-imageout ofoutcomeoutgrowthoutsetovaloverdueoverheadoverlapoverlayoverlay operationovershootovershootspackagepairwisepanpanelparadigmparent (node)patchpath findingpatternpatternpattern recognitionperceptionperspectivepertain phenomenological photogrammetric photogrammetryphysical relationships pie chartpilotpitpixelplanarplanar Euclidean space planar projection platformplotterplotterplottingplug-inpocketpoint entitiespointerpoint-modepointspolar coordinates polishingpolygonpolylinepolymorphism precautionsprecisionpre-designed predeterminepreferences pregeographic space Primary and Foreign keys primary keyprocess-orientedprofileprogramming tools projectionprojectionproprietaryprototypeproximalProximitypseudo nodepseudo-bufferpuckpuckpuckPythagorasquadquadrantquadtreequadtree tessellationqualifyqualitativequantitativequantitativequantizequasi-metricradar imageradii bufferrangelandrank order aggregation method ranking methodrasterRaster data modelraster scannerRaster Spatial Data Modelrating methodrational database structureready-madeready-to-runreal-timerecordrecreationrectangular coordinates rectificationredundantreference gridreflexivereflexive nearest neighbors (RNN) regimeregisterregular patternrelationrelationalrelational algebra operators relational databaseRelational joinsrelational model relevancereliefreliefremarkremote sensingremote sensingremote sensingremotely-sensed repositoryreproducible resemblanceresembleresemplingreshaperesideresizeresolutionresolutionrespondentretrievalretrievalretrievalretrieveridgerightrobustrootRoot Mean Square (RMS) rotateroundaboutroundingrowrow and column number run-length codingrun-length encoded saddle pointsalientsamplesanitarysatellite imagesscalablescalescanscannerscannerscannerscarcescarcityscenarioschemascriptscrubsecurityselectselectionself-descriptiveself-documentedsemanticsemanticsemi-automatedsemi-major axessemi-metricsemi-minor axessemivariancesemi-variogram modelsemi-varogramsensorsequencesetshiftsillsimultaneous equations simultaneouslysinusoidalskeletonslide-show-stylesliverslope angleslope aspectslope convexitysnapsnapsocio-demographic socioeconomicspagettiSpatial Autocorrelation Function spatial correlationspatial dataspatial data model for GIS spatial databaseSpatial Decision Support Systems spatial dependencespatial entityspatial modelspatial relationshipspatial relationshipsspatial statisticsspatial-temporalspecificspectralspherical spacespheroidsplined textsplitstakeholdersstand alonestandard errorstandard operationsstate-of-the-artstaticSTEREOGRAPHIC projection STEREOGRAPHIC projection stereoplotterstorage spacestovepipestratifiedstream-modestrideStructured Query Language(SQL) strung outsubdivisionsubroutinesubtractionsuitesupercedesuperimposesurrogatesurveysurveysurveying field data susceptiblesymbolsymbolsymmetrytaggingtailoredtake into account of … tangencytapetastefullyTelnettentativeterminologyterraceterritorytessellatedtextureThe Equidistant Conic projection (EQUIDIS The Lambert Conic Conformal projection (L thematicthematic mapthemeThiessen mapthird-partythresholdthroughputthrust faulttictiertiletime-consumingto nodetolerancetonetopographic maptopographytopologicaltopological dimensiontopological objectstopological structuretopologically structured data set topologytopologytrade offtrade-offTransaction Processing Systems (TPS) transformationtransposetremendousTriangulated Irregular Network (TIN) trimtrue-direction projectiontupleunbiasednessuncertaintyunchartedundershootsunionunionupupdateupper- mosturban renewaluser-friendlyutilityutility functionvaguevalidityvarianceVariogramvectorvector spatial data model vendorverbalversusvertexvetorizationviablevice versavice versaview of databaseview-onlyvirtualvirtual realityvisibility analysisvisualvisualizationvitalVoronoi Tesselationvrticeswatershedweedweed toleranceweighted summation method whilstwithin a distance ofXORzoom inzoom out三维地图摘要，提取，抽象访问数据可获取性准确，准确度 （与真值的接近程度）获得，获得物，取得特别邻接性出现,到来航片数据年龄聚集聚集，集合空运的, （源自）航空的,空中的艾伯特等面积圆锥投影匹配，调准，校直字母的字母数字的字母数字混合编制的替换方案替代的海拔，高度改善,改良,改进模拟地图，这里指纸质地图辅助的和注解不规则的，异常的顶点方法适合于…弧段弧捕捉容限来自一个地区的、 面状的面状覆盖范围(美国国防部)高级研究计划署排列，布置数组，阵列人工智能人工神经网络非空间的方面， 方向， 方位， 相位，面貌采集，获取关联属性属性属性数据自动扫描方位角，方位，地平经度方位角的条状图偏差二进制编码分块编码布尔代数下左下角给…划界断裂线缓冲区分析内置的伪装主要的，重要的，基本的笛卡儿坐标系制图、制图学流域，集水区像元，单元人口普查质心质心到质心的公共网关接口链式编码链电荷耦合器件子节点地区分布图类库类群编码内聚地线圈在同一直线上的列压缩、压紧罗盘， 圆规， 范围 v.包围方位角完全空间随机性组成部分复合的、混合的复合码凹度，凹陷同心的概念模型概念上地管道,导管,沟渠,泉水,喷泉保形（保角）的等角投影圆锥投影连通性保守的，守旧的社团,协会,联盟包含关系相邻性连续的轮廓,等高线,等值线等高线层控制点习俗，惯例，公约，协定转换核心相关图符合，对应走廊, 通路费用花费密度域，路径权值成本效益分析有成本效益的，划算的结合协方差面层，图层覆盖，覆盖范围标准，要求标准，判据，条件标准，判据，条件十字丝以交叉线作出阴影截面麻烦的用户定制剪切圆柱投影悬挂悬挂长度悬挂的节点点划线数据文件的扩展名数据库管理系统数据合并数据变换数据定义语言数据字典与数据的无关数据的完整性数据项数据维护数据操作数据操作和查询语言数据挖掘数据模型数据表示法数据表数据类型数据库日期数据库管理员泥石流调试十年，十，十年期分贝决策分析决策，判定分解专用的推论的，演绎的狄拉尼准则狄拉尼三角形删除描绘划分人口统计学的说明分母，命名者观测密度引出的，派生的可察觉的发明，想出对角线的，斜的要求数字高程模型数字地形模型数字化数字化数字化仪数字化误差数字化板，数字化桌差异，矛盾不连续的，离散的不连续的，离散的不一致性分散，离差中断，分裂，瓦解，破坏切开的，分割的发散，发布分解距离衰减函数分布式计算分割域点状图草稿，起草拖拽滚筒式扫描仪伪节点动态建模容易使用的生态学导出消除椭球椭圆率伸长包装，封装围绕编码实体关系建模实体表进入,登记想像,设想,正视,面对希腊文的第五个字母ε等积投影等距投影不稳定的误差检查和修正误差图误差离散，误差方差本质，本体，精华以及其他人，等人欧几里得的，欧几里得几何学的欧几里得二维空间期望发生频率明显的指数的延伸内外边界外部表格(多面体的)面工具设备管理样子，方式文件分配表有过失的，不完善的（地理）要素，特征要素反馈诚实，逼真度，重现精度字段现场调查户外运动发烧友场模型外形， 数字，文件结构填充精细度以固定比例放大以固定比例缩小平板式扫描仪弹性，适应性，机动性，挠性最前沿逐帧无…的起始节点从底层完成，实现函数调用模糊的模糊集合论构台,桶架, 跨轨信号架通用的地理编码地理计算大地测量地理实体地理（数据处理）过程地理参考地理空间地理信息，空间信息地理要素几何的，几何学的几何图元地理（数据）处理过程地理坐标参考地理关系的地球科学地理空间的地学空间分析地质统计学的假设心射切面投影颗粒容差地图网格灰度栅格,格网手绘的手持的障碍，难点处置、处理手写的头记录重的,强健的异质性异构的启发式的层次层次的山坡（体）阴影图均匀的、均质的主机家庭色调腐植的困难，阻碍水文地理学超链接的即，换言之，也就是理想点法相同的可识别的、标识识别阐明图像，影像全电阻，阻抗阻抗实现，履行履行,实现牵连,暗示隐含的超过…关于根据…在中间的嵌入的，内藏的不一致性，矛盾性结合，组成公司(或社团)内在的,本土的信息集成基础设施固有的继承，遗传， 遗产内陆的实例，例子实例，个例化整数综合，结合相互作用交互式的交互式的协议组互操作性内插插值询问相交交集、逻辑的乘交区间估值法直觉的直觉的不变量存储，存量反向的，倒转的，倒置的互相对立的不能撤回的，不能取消的相邻完全包含于包含于相等的，相同的线族等值线图迭代的接合,汇接点主帧克里金内插法克里金法标签，标记间隙，迟滞量土地利用类别纬度 （B）纬度坐标熔岩，火山岩图层图层出租，租用最佳路径分析左图例图例图例长度量测在于小型的同样地限制，限度，局限线模型线段谱系，来源容貌，线性构造线性的，长度的，直线的线跟踪的岩性单元局域和广域网对数的逻辑的逻辑的经度 （L）经度坐标宏语言类宏语言宏主流管理人的， 管理的手工数字化多对一的关系地图比例尺排列,集合掩膜matrix 的复数矩阵实测发生频率量测中间的合并墨卡托墨卡托投影法合并合并，融合子午线元数据元数据，也可写为 metadata元数据方法学，方法论度量空间最佳路径镜像错误表示混合像素建模模块化的单色的,单频整体的垄断， 专利权， 专卖形态学镶嵌, 镶嵌体移动移动平均数多准则决策分析多谱线的,多谱段的相互排斥的短视，没有远见的最低点，天底，深渊，最底点本性，性质整洁地成为必要嵌套的、巢状的网络网络分析网状数据库结构网络模型节点节点节点捕捉容限非数值的(字符)非空间的非空间数据范式指北针非新手，初学者有效位数数字字符数值的数值的基于对象的模型客观的，目标的面向对象的模型面向对象的数据库阻碍全能的，全部的以…为基础在线分析处理屏幕数字化运算对象，操作数算子，算符，操作人员优化算法或次，次序组织方案原点，起源，由来直角的，直交的正射投影正射影像缺少结果长出，派出，结果，副产物开头 ，开端卵形的，椭圆形的迟到的管理费用重叠，叠加叠加叠置运算超出过头线软件包成对(双)地，两个两个地平移面,板范例、父节点补钉，碎片，斑点路径搜索图案式样,图案, 模式模式识别感觉，概念，理解力透视图从属， 有关， 适合现象学的，现象的摄影测量的摄影测量物理关系饼图导航洼坑象素平面的平面欧几里得空间平面投影平台绘图仪绘图仪绘图插件便携式，袖珍式，小型的点实体指针点方式点数，分数极坐标抛光多边形多义线，折线多形性，多态现象预防措施精确， 精度（多次测量结果之间的敛散程度） 预定义的，预设计的预定、预先偏好先地理空间主外键主码面向处理的纵剖面、轮廓编程工具投影投影所有权,业主原型，典型最接近的,近侧的接近性假的, 伪的伪节点缓冲区查询（数字化仪）鼠标数字化鼠标鼠标毕达哥拉斯方庭，四方院子象限，四分仪四叉树四叉树方格限定，使合格定性的量的定量的、数量的使量子化准量测雷达影像以固定半径建立缓冲区牧场，放牧地等级次序集合法等级评定法栅格栅格数据模型栅格扫描仪栅格空间数据模型分数评定法关系数据结构现成的随需随运行的实时记录娱乐平面坐标纠正多余的，过剩的， 冗余的参考网格自反的自反最近邻体制，状态，方式配准规则模式关系关系关系代数运算符关系数据库关系连接中肯，关联，适宜，适当地势起伏，减轻地势的起伏评论，谈论，谈到遥感遥感遥感遥感的知识库可再产生的相似，相似性，相貌相似类似，像重取样调整形状居住， 驻扎调整大小分辨率分辨率回答者，提取检索检索检索高压脊右稳健的根部均方根旋转迂回的舍入的、凑整的行行和列的编号游程长度编码行程编码鞍点显著的，突出的，跳跃的，凸出的样品, 标本, 样本卫生状况卫星影像可升级的比例尺扫描扫描仪扫描仪扫描仪缺乏，不足情节模式脚本，过程（文件）灌木安全， 安全性选择选择自定义的自编程的语义的，语义学的语义的，语义学的半自动化长半轴半量测短半轴半方差半变差模型半变差图传感器次序集合、集、组改变， 移动基石,岩床联立方程同时地正弦的骨骼，骨架滑动显示模式裂片坡度坡向坡的凸凹性咬合捕捉社会人口统计学的社会经济学的意大利面条自相关函数空间相互关系空间数据GIS的空间数据模型 空间数据库空间决策支持系统空间依赖性空间实体空间模型空间关系空间关系空间统计时空的具体的，特殊的光谱的球空间球状体，回转椭圆体曲线排列文字分割股票持有者单机标准误差，均方差标准操作最新的静态的极射赤面投影极射赤面投影立体测图仪存储空间火炉的烟囱形成阶层的流方式步幅，进展，进步结构化查询语言被串起的细分，再分子程序相减组， 套件，程序组，代替,取代叠加，叠印代理，代用品，代理人测量测量，测量学野外测量数据免受...... 影响的（地图）符号符号，记号对称性给...... 贴上标签剪裁讲究的考虑…接触，相切胶带、带子风流地，高雅地远程登录试验性的术语台地，露台领域，领地，地区棋盘格的，镶嵌的花样的纹理等距圆锥投影兰伯特保形圆锥射影专题的专题图主题，图层泰森图第三方的阈值生产量，生产能力，吞吐量逆冲断层地理控制点等级,一排,一层,平铺费时间的终止节点允许(误差)、容差、容限、限差色调地形图地形学拓扑的拓扑维数拓扑对象拓扑结构建立了拓扑结构的数据集拓扑关系拓扑交替换位，交替使用，卖掉交换，协定，交易事务处理系统变换，转换转置，颠倒顺序巨大的不规则三角网修整真方向投影元组不偏性不确定性海图上未标明的，未知的欠头线合并并集、逻辑的和上升级最上面的城市改造用户友好的效用， 实用，公用事业效用函数含糊的效力，正确，有效性方差，变差变量(变化记录)图矢量矢量空间数据模型经销商言语的， 动词的对，与…相对顶点 （单数）矢量化可实行的，可行的反之亦然反之亦然数据库的表示只读的虚拟的虚拟现实通视性分析视觉的可视化，使看得见的重大的沃伦网格顶点（复数）分水岭杂草，野草 v.除草，铲除清除容限度加权求和法同时在 ...... 距离内异或放大缩小。
OffshoreWindTurbineHydrodynamics：海上风机的流体力学
Offshore Wind Turbine Hydrodynamics Modeling in SIMPACKAs the offshore wind energy sector expands, so too does the demand for advanced simulation environments that are able to accurately model these com-plex systems. The latest trend is floating offshore wind turbines which can be installed in deep water and hold great economic potential. To accurately simu-late offshore wind turbines, the S tutt-gart Chair of Wind Energy(SWE) at the Universityof S tuttgart has ex-tended S IMPACK with a coupling to the hydrodynamicpackage HydroDyn developedby NREL. A Morison force element and dynamic MBS mooring system model were also introduced. By taking advan-tage of these hydrodynamic extensions plus existing advanced drivetrain and aerodynamic submodels, a full dynamic coupled simulation of fixed-bottom and floating offshore wind turbines is pos-sible with SIMPACK.HYDRODYNAMICS FOR OFFSHORE WIND TURBINESOffshore wind turbine support structure types include:• monopile (gravity-based and suction bucket foundations for shallow sites)• jacket and tripod structures for depths up to 50 m• floating structures for deeper locations In general, hydrodynamic and hydrostatic loads on offshore structures subject to waves and currents are an effect of the inte-grated pressure distribution on the wetted surface. In offshore terminology, the various load contributions are separated into:• buoyancy force (hydrostatic restoring)• radiation force:a. inertia force from added massb. viscous damping force • wave excitation force:a. diffraction (incident-wave scattering)b. Froude-Kriloff (undisturbed pressure field forces)• sea current force and • nonlinear higher order forces (slow, mean drift and sum-fre-quency forces).Some substructures for wind turbines consist of slender axisymmetric cylindricalωd dsfluidI s /2zxu kr syxyu tvu k = u t + ωd I s /2ωdWAMIT8 | SIMPACK News | July 2013elements. This enables the use of the simple and efficient semi-empirical Morison Equa-tion which is valid if the flow acceleration can be assumed uniform at the location of the cylinder thus simplifying the diffraction problem. This requires that the diameter of the cylinder D be much smaller than the wavelength L — typically D/L values of less than 0.15–0.2. It is also assumed that rela-tive motions are small so that viscous drag dominates the damping; radiation damping can be neglected; and that off-diagonal added-mass terms are negligible, as in the case of axisymmetric structures. Since the equation contains empirical coefficients for added mass, inertia and drag (which de-pend on the Keulegan-Carpenter number, Reynolds number and surface roughness), careful attention to these is required to obtain viable results.For structures with larger diameters and larger motions—typically tripods or float-ing structures—effects from hydrodynamic radiation and diffraction (not considered by Morison’s Equation) become important. For such structures, linear hydrodynamicFig 1: Calculation of Morison forces on mooring line segmenttheory is currently most commonly used. It is based on potential theory, and includes effects from linear hydrostatic restoring, added mass and damping contributions from linear wave radiation (including free-surface memory effects), and incident wave excitation from linear diffraction. Typically, nonlinear viscous drag contributions areFig 2: HydroDyn calculation procedure and interface to SIMPACK (image source: NREL)Mooring-System3 DOF3 DOF2 DOF1 DOF3 DOF3 DOF3 DOF2 DOF1 DOF3 DOF3 DOF3 DOF2 DOF1 DOF3 DOFy α, β, γy α, β, γy α, β, γα, γ, y α, γ, y α, γx, y, zα, γ, y α, γ, y x, y, zα, γ, y α, γ, y x, y, zα, γα, γ0 DOF6 DOFanchorseabed rigid BodyJointfairlead spar buoy3 DOFc t ,d t c r , d ru y φx φzd sc s SIMPACK News | July 2013 | 9added from Morison’s equation. However, nonlinear steep and/or breaking waves, vortex-induced vibrations, second-order effects of mean-drift, slow-drift and sum-frequency excitation, and any other higher order effects, are neglected within Hydro-Dyn. To overcome this limitation, a coupling between SIMPACK and the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tool ANSYS CFX is currently being developed at SWE (Beyer, Arnold & Cheng, 2013). The incorporation of second-order hydrodynamic effects is planned for future releases of HydroDyn.To enable modeling of offshore wind tur-bines in SIMPACK, the two hydrodynamic Fig 3: Topology of dynamic nonlinear MBS mooring system Fig 4: Topology of floating offshore wind turbinemodeling methodologies described have been implemented. Currently, most other commercial codes only ap-ply Morison’s equation and are, therefore, limited to afore-mentioned slender structures where radia-tion damping and off-diagonal added-mass terms are negligible.MORISON FORCE ELEMENT For cylindrical fixed-bottom structures and mooring systems, a SIMorison user Force Element was implemented at SWE into SIMPACK 9. It uses the relative formula-tion of the Morison equation according to Östergaard and Schellin, and also includesan option to directly account for buoyancyif the body is always completely submerged. Due to the relative simplicity of the Morison Equation, the user only needs to supplyvalues for the two empirical coefficients: inertia C m and drag C D . A Reynolds depen-dency of these coefficients can be added.Water density, kinematic viscosity, effective cylindrical diameter (to determine the cross sectional area) and length of the body where the Force Element is applied also need to be defined. The desired discretiza-tion of a mooring system can be achieved by using multiple Morison Force Elementsalong cylindrical structures with differentdiameters and lengths (Fig. 1).Since the Morison equation in its relativeformulation features an added mass term depending on the relative fluid acceleration, the routine requires the structure to accelerate at eachtime step. In MBS, the acceleration is usually not solvedduring integration, thus making the imple-mentation of Morison’s Equation complex. Here, SIMPACK’s ability to use algebraic states (q-states) is utilized, "anticipating" acceleration results of the Right-Hand Side, i.e., making them available before they areactually calculated.“For cylindrical fixed-bottom structures and mooring systems, a SIMorison user Force Element was implementedat SWE into SIMPACK 9.”10 | SIMPACK News | July 2013The wave generator can generate either periodic waves or random irregular Airy waves with user-defined significant wave height and peak spectral period based on a defined wave spectrum (the JONSWAP and Pierson-Moskovitz spectra are predefined). Kinematic stretching (Vertical, Extrapolation,Wheeler) is also implemented to provide predictions of wave kinematics above the mean water level; an option used only for Morison calculations since it is inconsistent with linear hydrodynamic theory.The Morison Equa-tion implementa-tion of HydroDyn is equivalent to the previously described Morison Force Element. It accounts for the current fraction of wetted surface dependent on instantaneous wave elevation. Currently, it is applicable for monopile structures, and the upcoming HydroDyn version 2 (already avail-able in an alpha version) will then be able to simulate multi-member fixed-bottom and floating substructures such as jackets or semi-submersibles with the Morison Equation.The third feature of HydroDyn is its linear hydrodynamic model. It computes loading contributions from:• linear hydrostatic restoring• nonlinear viscous drag contributions from Morison’s Equation• added mass and damping contributions from linear wave radiation (including free-surface memory effects)• incident wave excitation from linear diffraction The linear hydrodynamic option in Hydro-Dyn requires the user to enter frequency-dependent hydrodynamic vectors and matrices. These must be pre-calculated by external offshore panel-based codes such as WAMIT ® or ANSYS ® AQWA TM , which solve the linearized radiation and diffrac-tion problems in the frequency domain. Full details of HydroDyn’s theory are given in J onkman (J onkman, 2007). The upcoming HydroDyn version 2 release will also feature the possibility of Morison elements with linear hydrodynamics which can be used to model the hydrodynamic forces on the main pontoons of a semi-submersible with linear theory and on the braces with Morison’s.The fourth module within HydroDyn pro-vides a quasi-static mooring line model to efficiently calculate mooring line loads on floating platforms. At SWE, a dynamic nonlinear mooring line model has been developed within SIMPACK to overcome the drawbacks of the quasi-static approach (Fig. 3, 4). More details on this MBS moor-ing line model are given by Matha (Matha, Fechter, Kühn, Cheng, 2011).The original input file for HydroDyn has been modified for usage in SIMPACK and allows the user to define the incoming waves, to select between the Morison and linear hydrodynamic module, and define the properties of the mooring system.VALIDATION WITH OC3 & OC4The SIMHydro coupling was first validatedwith results from phase four of the IEA Annex 23 Offshore Code Comparison Col-laboration (OC3) project (Fig. 5), and is cur-rently used in phase two of the follow-upOC4 project. Exemplary results from OC4 load cases 1.3, representing free decaytests where the semi-submersible platform(Fig. 6) is released at an initial displacementin still water without wind loads, are shownin Fig. 7 and Fig. 8.The presented platform surge and pitch displacement show very good agreementbetween SIMPACK and other participants applying linear hydrodynamic theory like FAST (NREL) and DeepLinesWT (Principia). Compared to codes using Morison’s equa-tion for modeling the hydrodynamics — likeHAWC2 (DTU) and Bladed (GH) — distinct At SWE, the SIMorison Force Element is primarily used and validated by modeling the hydrodynamic loads on mooring lines. The regular or irregular Airy wave kinematics used by this element are computed by the SIMHydro element which is described next.SIMHYDRO — COUPLING TO NREL’S HYDRODYN The SIMHydro Force Element couples NREL’s HydroDyn module with SIMPACK (Fig. 2). HydroDyn was developed by J ason onkman at NREL (J onkman, 2007) and has since been used to model monopiles and various floating structures. The current release of Hy-droDyn offers four important features: • a wave generator for periodic and regu-lar/irregular Airy waves (J ONSWAP, PM spectra) including stretching • the Morison equation module for hydro-dynamic load calculation • a linear hydrodynamics module for load calculation on non-slender (floating) bodies • a quasi-static mooring line module for mooring system load calculation of float-ing platforms Fig 5: OC3 spar-buoy floating wind turbine model with MBS mooring system“At SWE, a dynamic nonlinear mooring line model has been developed within SIMPACK to overcome the drawbacks of the quasi-static approach.”HAWC2BladedDeepLinesWT FAST SIMPACKP l a t f o r m p i t c h [º]0 50 100 150 200 250 3001086420-2-4-6-8-10Simulation time [s]HAWC2BladedDeepLinesWT FAST SIMPACKP l a t f o r m s u r g e [m ]0 100 200 300 400 500 6002520151050-5-10-15-20-25Simulation time [s]SIMPACK News | July 2013 | 11differences in load and motion predictions are evident depending on the load case. This is due to the differences in the semi-empiric approach of a Morison-only formulation. USAGE OF SIMPACK OFFSHORE SWE uses SIMPACK to model offshore floating wind turbines in the European research projects OFFWINDTECH, Innwind,AFOSP and FLOATGEN. The latter is cur-rently the largest EU-funded offshore wind energy research project and will deploy two multi-MW floating wind turbine systems in Mediterranean waters over 40 m deep. With this project, the SWE will have the opportu-nity to compare the SIMPACK floating wind turbine model with measured scale and full-scale prototype data, analyze the differ-ences, validate the predictions and improve the models where required.SUMMARYThe implementation of SIMorison and SIMHydro Force Elements makes it possible to simulate fixed-bottom and floating wind turbines with SIMPACK. The coupling is vali-dated by OC3 and OC4. SIMPACK offshore wind turbine models have already been successfully applied in a number of research projects, and show excellent potential for future applications.REFERENCESBeyer, F., Arnold, M., Cheng, P. W. (2013). Analysis of Floating O ffshore Wind Turbine Hy-drodynamics using coupled CFD and Multibody Methods. ISOPE. Anchorage, USA.Jonkman, J. (2007). Dynamics Modeling and Loads Analysis of an O ffshore Floating Wind Turbine. NREL/TP-500-41958. Golden, US-CO :National Renewable Energy Laboratory.Matha, D., Fechter, U., Kühn, M., Cheng, P. W.(2011). Non-linear Multi-Body Mooring System Model for Floating O ffshore Wind Turbines.University of Stuttgart, OFFSHORE 2011, Amster-dam, Netherlands.Fig 6: OC4 semi-submersible floating wind turbine with quasi-static mooring system (only nodes displayed)Fig 7: OC4 LC 1.3a: Platform translation in surge direction Fig 8: OC4 LC 1.3c: Platform rotation in pitch direction。
系统传感器L-系列双闪光灯和双喇叭通知设备合并板说明书
W ARNING: Amber lens versions not to be used as a visual public mode alarm notification appliance.NOTICE: This manual shall be left with the owner/user of this equipment.BEFORE INSTALLINGPlease read the System Sensor Audible Visible Application Reference Guide, which provides detailed information on notification devices, wiring and spe-cial applications. Copies of this manual are available from System Sensor. NFPA 72 and NEMA guidelines should be observed.I mportant: The notification appliance used must be tested and maintained following NFPA 72 requirements.GENERAL DESCRIPTIONThe L-Series Dual Strobe and Dual Strobe with Speaker Expander Plates for emergency communications use a single device plate to perform the functions of two to three devices on a back box. This combination of multiple devices on a single plate and back box lowers the overall cost of the installation and improves aesthetics by requiring fewer devices on the wall.The expander plate provides fast and easy installation: Mount the expander plate to a junction box and connect its field wiring to the terminals. Attach the mounting plate of a strobe or speaker strobe device and connect its field wiring. Then, hinge and attach the strobe or speaker strobe device with a captured mounting screw to complete the installation. This product is compa-rable to existing L-Series mounting plate installations.Dual Strobe and Dual Strobe with Speaker Expander Plates are designed to be used in 12 or 24 volt, DC or FWR (full wave rectified) systems. Clear lens ver-sion is listed to UL 1971 Listed and CAN/ULC S526-07 (Signaling Device for Hearing Impaired) for Public Mode Evacuation Signaling. Amber lens strobes are UL1638 Listed (Visual Signaling Appliances) for Private Mode General Utility Signaling. All L-Series products are suitable for use in synchronized systems. The System Sensor MDL3 module may be used to provide synchro-nization.The Dual Strobe and Dual Strobe wi th Speaker Expander Plates are designed for use in wall applications.LOOP DESIGN AND WIRINGThe system designer must make sure that the total current drawn by the de-vices on the loop does not exceed the current capability of the panel supply, and that the last device on the circuit is operated within its rated voltage. The current draw information for making these calculations can be found in the tables within this manual. For convenience and accuracy, use the voltage drop calculator on the System Sensor website (). See Figures 1-4 for wiring diagrams and shorting spring information.When calculating the voltage available to the last device, it is necessary to consider the voltage drop due to the resistance of the wire. The thicker the wire, the smaller the voltage drop. Wire resistance tables can be obtained from electrical handbooks. Note that if Class A wiring is installed, the wire length may be up to twice as long as it would be for circuits that are not fault tolerant.CANDELA SELECTIONThe product will be set at 15 candela from the factory. T o change the candela first remove the lower appliance from the expander plate by loosening the screw at the bottom of the appliance.Adjust the slide switch on the rear of the product to position the desired can-dela setting in the small window on the front of the unit. All products meet the light output profiles specified in the appropriate UL Standards. For amber lensed strobes used for full profile measurement, listed candela ratings must be reduced in accordance with T able 2. Use Table 1 to determine the current draw for each candela setting.NOTE: L-Series products set at 15 and 30 candela work on either 12V or 24V power supplies. The products are not listed for 12V operating voltages when set to any other candela settings.INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONSDual Strobe andDual Strobe with SpeakerExpander Plates for Emergency CommunicationsFor use with the following models:SEP-SPWL, SEP-SPSWL-P – Strobe Expander Plate models and SPSEP-BBSWL Back Box Skirt model are compatible with SWL, SWL-P, SPSWL, SPSW-P, P2WL.PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONSSEP-SPSWL: Universal Expander Plate, Amber Lens, White, ALERT SEP-SPSWL-P: Universal Expander Plate, White, PlainSPSEP-BBSWL: Universal Expander Plate Back Box Skirt, WhiteOperating T emperature:Standard Products 32°F to 120°F (0°C to 49°C)Humidity Range:Standard Products 10 to 93% Non-condensing Strobe Flash Rate: 1 flash per secondNominal Voltage:Regulated 12VDC/FWR or regulated 24DC/FWROperating Voltage Range (includes fire alarm panels with built in sync):8 to 17.5V (12V nominal) or 16 to 33V (24V nominal)Operating Voltage with MDL3 Sync Module:8.5 to 17.5V (12V nominal) or 16.5 to 33V (24V nominal)Input terminal wire gauge:12 to 18 A WGNOTE : Strobes will operate at 12V nominal for 15 & 30 candela settings only. Switching between ranges is automatic.DIMENSIONS FOR PRODUCTS AND ACCESSORIESSEP-SPSWL (-P)SPSEP-BBSWLLength Width Depth Length Width Depth 13.05" (331.5 mm)5.39" (136.9 mm)2.41" (61.2 mm)13.75" (349.3 mm)6.10" (154.9 mm)2.5" (63.5 mm)MOUNTING BOX OPTIONSSEP-SPSWL, SEP-SPSWL-P: 4" x 4" x 21/8" or deeper SPSEP-BBSWL: 4" x 4" x 21/8"3825 Ohio Avenue, St. Charles, Illinois 60174800/736-7672, FAX: 630/377-6495I56-6569-000FIGURE 4. WIRING SEP-SPWL(-P): ATTACHING A HORN STROBE AS THE UPPER DEVICEINPUT FROM FACP OR PRIOR STROBE (-)(+)OUTPUT TO NEXT STROBE OR EOL(-)(+) A0564-00FIGURE 5. SHORTING SPRING ON HORN STROBE MOUNTING PLATE, STANDARD CANDELA, WHITEA0560-00NOTE: A shorting spring is provided between terminals 2 and 3 of the mount-ing plate to enable wiring checks after the system has been wired, but prior to installation of the final product. This spring will automatically disengage when the product is installed, to enable supervision of the final system.TABLE 1. STROBE CURRENT DRAW (mA) FOR SEP-SPWL (-P), SEP-SPSWL (-P)Candela Switch Setting 8-17.5 V olts 16-33 V olts DC DC FWR 15884360NOTE: Products set at 15 and 30 candela automatically work on ei-ther 12V or 24V power supplies. The products are not listed for 12V DC operation when set to any other candela settings.30143638375-10713695-121155110-148179135-172209185-222257TABLE 2: CANDELA DERATING FOR SEP-SPWL AND SEP-SPSWL AMBER LENS STROBE Cd Switch SettingPrivate ModeEmergency Warning15151230302475756095957511011085135135105185185145IMPORTANT: For more information on current draw, light output and sound output data, reference Speaker Strobe installation manuals I56-0002 and I56-0003 and Strobe only installation manual I56-5845 and I56-5847.FIGURE 1. WIRING SEP-SPWL(-P): CONNECTING THE UNIVERSAL EXPANDER PLATE'S LOWER STROBE OUTPUT TO NEXT STROBE OR EOL INPUT FROM POWER SUPPLY FOR STROBE OR PRIOR STROBE(+)(-)(+)(-)A0562-00FIGURE 2. WIRING SEP-SPWL(-P): ATTACHING A SPEAKER STROBE AS THE UPPER DEVICEINPUT FROM FACP OR PRIOR STROBE INPUT FROM AMPLIFIEROR PRIOR SPEAKER (-)(+)(-)(+)OUTPUT TO NEXT STROBE OR EOL OUTPUT TO NEXT SPEAKER OR EOL(-)(+)(-)(+)A0563-00NOTE: Loop resistance on a single NAC should not exceed 120 ohms for 24 volt and 30 ohms for 12 volt systems.FIGURE 3. SHORTING SPRING ON SPEAKER STROBE MOUNTING PLATE, STANDARD CANDELA,WHITEShorting SpringA0559-00NOTE: Shorting springs are provided between terminals 2 and 3 and terminals 5 and 6 of the mounting plate to enable wiring checks after the system has been wired, but prior to installation of the final product. These springs will automatically disengage when the product is installed, to enable supervision of the final system.MOUNTING THE UNIVERSAL EXPANDER PLATE AND SECOND DEVICE Junction Box Compatibility: The expander plate and back box skirt are com-patible with a 4" x 4" x 21/8" junction box.1a. F or flush mount appl i cat i ons: Attach the expander plate to a 4" x 4" x 21/8" junction box using the two screws provided with the expander plate.–Speaker Strobe as upper device: Figure 6.–Strobe as upper device: Figure 8.1b. F or surface-mount appli cati ons wi th a back box ski rt: Snap the ex-pander plate onto the skirt, and then attach the entire assembly to a 4" x 4" x 21/8" junction box using the two screws provided with the expander plate.–Speaker Strobe as upper device: Figure 7.–Strobe as upper device: Figure 9.2. C onnect the lower strobe's field wiring to the expander plate terminals.(See Figure 1.)3. A ttach the device mounting plate with the four screws provided with theexpander plate.4. C onnect the upper device's field wiring to the device mounting plateterminals. (See Figure 4.)5. A ttach upper device:a. H ook tabs at the top of the product housing into the grooves on devicemounting plate.b. S wing the device down into position to engage the terminals on thedevice with the terminals on the device mounting plate.c. M ake sure that the tabs on the back of the product housing fully en-gage with the device mounting plate.d. S ecure the device by tightening the single mounting screw in the frontof the device housing. For tamper resistance, the standard captivemounting screw may be replaced with the enclosed T orx screw. (Seeinstallation manual for upper device.)to flex.FIGURE 6. UNIVERSAL EXPANDER PLATE WITH SPEAKER STROBE FORFLUSH MOUNT APPLICATIONSA0568-00 Note: SEP-SPSWL expander plate shown.FIGURE 7. UNIVERSAL EXPANDER PLATE WITH SPEAKER STROBE SURFACE MOUNT APPLICATIONSA0565-00Note: SEP-SPSWL expander plate shown.Only mount on a wall and in the orientation shown.System Sensor ® is a registered trademark of Honeywell International, Inc.FIGURE 8. UNIVERSAL EXPANDER PLATE WITH HORN STROBE FORFLUSH MOUNT APPLICATIONS A0567-00Note: SEP-SPWL expander plate shown.FIGURE 9. UNIVERSAL EXPANDER PLATE WITH HORN STROBE FORSURFACE MOUNT APPLICATIONSA0566-00Note: SEP-SPWL expander plate shown.Only mount on a wall and in the orientation shown.The horn and/or strobe will not work without power. The horn/strobe gets its power from the fire/security panel monitoring the alarm system. If power is cut off for any rea-son, the horn/strobe will not provide the desired audio or visual warning.The horn may not be heard. The loudness of the horn meets (or exceeds) current Underwriters Laboratories’ standards. However, the horn may not alert a sound sleeper or one who has recently used drugs or has been drinking alcoholic beverages. The horn may not be heard if it is placed on a different floor from the person in hazard or if placed too far away to be heard over the ambient noise such as traffic, air conditioners, machinery or music appliances that may prevent alert persons from hearing the alarm. The horn may not be heard by persons who are hearing impaired.NOTE: Strobes must be powered continuously for horn operation.The signal strobe may not be seen. The electronic visual warning signal uses an ex-tremely reliable xenon flash tube. It flashes at least once every second. The strobe must not be installed in direct sunlight or areas of high light intensity (over 60 foot candles) where the visual flash might be disregarded or not seen. The strobe may not be seen by the visually impaired.The signal strobe may cause seizures. Individuals who have positive photoic response to visual stimuli with seizures, such as persons with epilepsy, should avoid prolonged exposure to environments in which strobe signals, including this strobe, are activated.The signal strobe cannot operate from coded power supplies. Coded power supplies produce interrupted power. The strobe must have an uninterrupted source of power in or-der to operate correctly. System Sensor recommends that the horn and signal strobe always be used in combination so that the risks from any of the above limitations are minimized.THREE-YEAR LIMITED WARRANTYSystem Sensor warrants its enclosed product to be free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use and service for a period of three years from date of manufacture. System Sensor makes no other express warranty for this product. No agent, representative, dealer, or employee of the Company has the authority to increase or alter the obligations or limitations of this Warranty. The Company’s obligation of this Warranty shall be limited to the replacement of any part of the product which is found to be defective in materials or workmanship under normal use and service during the three year period commencing with the date of manufacture. After phoning System Sensor’s toll free number 800-SENSOR2 (736-7672) for a Return Authorization number, send defective units postage prepaid to: Honeywell, 12220 Rojas Drive, Suite 700, El Paso TX 79936, USA for US returns and 6581 Kitimat Road, Unit 6 Mississauga, ON L5N 3T5 forCanadian returns. Please include a note describing the malfunction and suspected cause of failure. The Company shall not be obligated to replace units which are found to be defective because of damage, unreasonable use, modifications, or alterations occurring after the date of manufacture. In no case shall the Company be liable for any consequen-tial or incidental damages for breach of this or any other Warranty, expressed or implied whatsoever, even if the loss or damage is caused by the Company’s negligence or fault. Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential dam-ages, so the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to you. This Warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights which vary from state to state.FCC STATEMENTL-series Strobes and Horn/Strobes have been tested and found to comply with the lim-its for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equip-ment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with theinstruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operationof this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense. This ClassB digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.Please refer to insert for the Limitations of Fire Alarm SystemsTHE LIMITATIONS OF STROBE AND SPEAKER STROBE EXPANDER PLATE。
Beauty_Apparatus_Segment_Set_off_A_Wave_of_Upsurge
45Beauty Apparatus Segment Set off A Wave of UpsurgeBy Jenny HuCompared with expensive medical beauty programs that require regular care, smart and portable beautydevices that can be operated at home are popular. Although all kinds of doubts in the industry exist, the beau-ty instrument industry still cannot be stopped and is demonstrating strong development momentum.Beauty apparatus companies obtain frequent investmentWith the awakening of people’s anti-aging consciousness and drive of the Internet platform, the domestic beauty instrument market set off a wave of upsurge, and capital frequently appeared in the beauty instrument segment. According to Qichacha data, investment and financing situation shows that there are 23 f inancing events related to beauty instrument in China, involving a total of 9 brands,with the total disclosed financing amount exceeding RMB 535 million.In terms of the disclosed financing amount related to beauty instruments, the top three brands are “CosBeauty, Amiro and Femooi Technology”, which are also the brands with the most rounds of financing. Among them, CosBeauty has received 4 rounds of fi-nancing with a total disclosed financing amount over RMB 210 million. Shen-zhen CosBeauty Technology mainly researches and produces women’s health beauty instruments, with current main products including Skin Touch skin hardware and software equipment, IPL photon hair remover and RF skin vitality instrument. The company was founded in 2013 and its investors in-clude Xiaomi Technology, Shunwei Capital, Xinzhiyuan and Shenzhen Capital Group.Amiro has raised five rounds offinancing with a total disclosed fi-According to Qichacha data, investment and financing situation shows that there are 23 financing events related to beauty instrument in China, involving a total of 9 brands, with the total disclosed financing amount exceeding RMB 535 million.46nancing amount of RMB 115 million. Amiro started out with intelligent beauty mirror products, and succes-sively launched products like hair removal instruments, electric tooth-brushes, face wash instruments and ra-dio frequency beauty instruments. Its company Shenzhen Zongjiang Tech-nology was founded in 2015, and its rapid rise has reliedon the support of capital. Among Amiro’s shareholders, the most eye-catching are Tencent, Xiaomi Group and Zhenfund.In July 2021, IDG Capital exclu-sively invested in the beauty instrument brand Femooi; the emerging brand BIOLAB also completed a new round of financing led by Tiantu Investment this year; the beauty care brand in-Face has raised tens of millions during capital-ledpre-A round of financing. Among them, Femooi Technology obtained a total of three rounds of fi-nancing with a total disclosed financing amount of more than RMB 70 million. Femooi technology focuses on high-end household beauty products. At pres-ent, there are mainly two instrument product lines of cleansing instruments and water light instruments, which are combined with essence liquid, mask and other matching skin care products.Its company Ningbo Femooi Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd. engages in home beauty instrument design, development and production driven by practical sci-ence and technology, and IDG capital is one of its investors.It is worth mentioning that from the perspective of investors, the Xiao-mi Group and Shunwei Capital are the most frequent buyers, with investment in such brands as Amiro, CosBeauty, InFace and Yangfen. Xiaomi Technol-ogy has invested in 4 beauty instru-ment brands, and Shunwei Capital in 3 brands. Throughout the financing process of various projects, there are 5 brands, namely more than half, in the early financing stage.In addition, giant companies are flocking into the beauty instrument market too: this blue ocean market attracted many competitors; H aier has announced the launch of beauty products; Xiaomi and Lenovo are also exploring the field of beauty and makeup. In February 2021, H uawei launched two beauty devices sup-porting H UAWEI H iLink system in Huawei shopping mall. The com-petition remains high and there is no telling who will bethe dark horse.Qichacha data shows that there are 84,000 enterprises related to the production of beauty instruments in China, and they have all come about very recently: 47,000 enterprises, ac-counting for 56.0% of the total, were established in the past three years.From the growth trend of the registration of beauty instrument relat-ed enterprises, the number of registra-tions in the past three years exceeded 15,000, among which 17,100 were newly added in 2018, 24,200 in 2019,16,700 in 2020 and 7,000 in the first half of this year.In terms of regional distribution, Qichacha data shows that Guangdong Province has the largest number of beauty instrument related enterprises, up to 22,000 enterprises. Shandong Province ranked second with 9,000 en-terprises, followed by Jiangsu, Shanghai and Zhejiang. Beijing is also among the top 10 with 3,000 enterprises.Home beauty apparatus market ushers in explosive developmentAt present, more and more high-tech instruments are entering beauty salons, and beauty instruments have experienced one and another update with instruments that were previously only huge and in salons, becoming smaller and medium-sized, and now angling towards being small and mi-cro instruments. Instrument function evolved from single hair removal and whitening gradually to multi-purpose with maturing functions. With the development of science and technolo-gy, applicationsin beauty instruments bring increasingly diverse and elabo-rate functions.Tmall data shows that in 2020 the household beauty instrument market size in China reached RMB 6 billion to RMB 8 billion, with a com-pound annual growth rate of 30%. In a sample survey of female Internet users between the ages of 20 and 49, 59% said they used at least one household beauty device. At the same time, with the entry of international brands and local brands, the home beauty instru-ment market demonstrates explosive development. In 2021, the market size of beauty instruments in China is ex-pected to approach RMB 10 billion. Household beauty devices are becom-ing the new favorite of young consum-ers in particular.According to data provided by Tmall, pre-orders for TriPollar, a household beauty device brand owned by the medical beauty giant Lumenis, exceeded 26,000 units within the first hour of the 618 pre-sale, making it the hottest item in the first hour of pre-sale and the Top 3 favorite item of the post-90s generation during 618, only47Beauty instruments in middle-and high-end market promise tremendous demand potential.second to the iPhone.Industry insiders point out that consumer demand awakening hastened industry coevolution. According to the 2021 Medical Beauty Insights Report of the Post-1995 Generation released by the Mob Research Institute in May this year, nearly 80% of the post-1995 generation has appearance anxiety. Among them, 15.8% have moderate anxiety about their appearance, anoth-er 4.5% have severe anxiety about their appearance, saying that they are very dissatisfied with their appearance and want to do partake inmedical beauty programs to improve their appearance.As of 2013, two brands Foreo and Clarisonic, which are represen-tatives of the cleaning beauty instru-ments, entered the Chinese market. Since then, the Chinese household beauty instrument market has been developing at a high speed with an annual compound growth rate of 11%. In 2015, Japanese brands such as YA-MAN, ReFa, Foreo and Panasonic poured into the Chinese market and quickly occupied the main share of the high-end beauty instrument market.When competition among im-ported brands from Japan, the United States, Sweden and Israel is coming in, domestic brands such as Mushu, K.skin, Danlong, CosBeauty also saw business opportunities and joined in.Domestic brands are noticeably younger. According to data from the China State Grid, there are more than 100,000 companies related to beauty instruments, of which over 80% were registered in the past five years. For example, mesmooth, BIOLAB, and Yangfen were founded in 2019, while Femooi and inFace in 2017.According to a report from Qian-zhan Industry Research Institute, the average price of the major beauty instrument brands in the market var-ied greatly, with the average price of overseas brands normally higher than that of domestic brands. The average price of Japanese brands Dr. Arrivo and YA-MAN beauty instrument was RMB 8,839.15 and RMB 4,259.14 re-spectively. Chinese local brands mostly nudge into the market with high cost performance, and the average price of products is about RMB 300~500.CBN Data consumer big data showed that in 2020, among the on-line products of anti-aging beauty instrument for women, the consump-tion quantity of anti-aging beauty instrument with a unit price of over RMB 3,000 showed explosive growth. Beauty instruments in middle-and high-end market promise tremendous demand potential.Industry supervision needs to be strengthenedHowever, with the rapid develop-ment of this market, there are a lot of consumer complaints on the complaint platform, such as the existence of safe-ty risks, quality defects, misleading propaganda of functions and excessive marketing. In addition, the lack of in-dustry standards is also a major bottle-neck of the current beauty instrument industry.According to the China State Grid, standards related to household beauty devices in China are mainly for small household appliances, which mainly involves GB4706.1 Household and Similar Electrical Appliances Safety— General Requirements,GB/T36419-2018 Household and Similar Skin Devicesand GB4706.15 House-hold and Similar Electrical Appliances Safety Skin and Hair Care Equipment Special Requirements.Relevant analysis points out that due to unclear positioning before, products of household beauty devices always follow small household appli-ance product standards, resulting in a disordered market for a long time.H owever, even for the profes-sional agency standard GB/T36419-2018 for Household and Similar Skin Beauty Devices, formulated specifical-ly for household beauty instruments, the specific details only involve the superficial properties and items, such as temperature rise, noise, material and electromagnetic compatibility. In terms of the eff icacy judgment that consumers are more concerned about, it is recommended to rely on third-party evaluation, relevant litera-ture or enterprise evaluation.For the development of beauty in-strument brands, to enhance the profes-sional level has been a top priority andto meet the existing standards is a must for the brands to survive and grow. The concentration effect of the industry will become more and more obvious, and leading brands will usher in the oppor-tunities for further development.According to industry insiders, in terms of the regulatory scope, radio fre-quency RF products recently developed rapidly and urgently need standard updates and iteration. But given that the current development of RF is not only in the field of medical beauty, but also living beauty and home beauty, the standards shall take into account development of the beauty instrument in the future, cannot simply follow the previous medical equipment.In April 2021, National Medical Products Administration issued a no-tice to solicit comments on the Guid-ing Principles for the Classification and Definition of Radio-frequency Beauty Products (Draft), stating:in order to guide the management attri-bute and management category deter-mination of radio-frequency cosmetic products, this principle is formulated in accordance with the Regulations on Supervision and Management of Medical Devices, Classification Rules of Medical Devices and Classification Catalogue of Medical Devices.It can be predicted that the de-velopment of the beauty instrument industry will tend to be more profes-sional and standardized with strict requirements, which is more conducive to sound development and orderly competition of companies.。
EXP_Wk2_Wrap-up_01-11
• Standard Work
• Exercise
• COV Deep Dive
• Statistics III • DOE
6
HONEYWELL - CONFIDENTIAL
Between Week 2 and Week 3
• Work on your project
• Meet with your mentor, sponsor, manager, etc.
3
HONEYWELL - CONFIDENTIAL
Week 3
• In week 2, we analyzed and improved the Sigma Toys Land and Sea Vehicles Division.
• In week 3, we will dig deeper into the Catapult Product Line of the Sigma Toys Appliances Division.
Week 2 • Control Charts • Activity Analysis Part I • Statistics I • Activity Analysis Part II • Rapid Problem Solving • Lean Culture • Statistics II • Activity Simulation • Attribute MSA • NEM • Setup Reduction • Kaizen • Variable MSA
4
HONEYWELL - CONFIDENTIAL
Paper Tigers Planes
5
Speedy Splashers Speedy Rescues Speedy Racers
SP-FB-GEN-1044_club_service
1 straw (for the lady)
1 linen coaster/napkin
2.Pick up the tray and proceed to the guest’s table
3.Place the highball glass on a linen coaster on the table.
No water
With water
Pour water for guest and ask for stop. (“Pls let me know if you want to stop.”)
- End -
程序：
服务混合饮料。
1.从酒吧取饮料，包括：
1 jig1.5oz的烈酒。
1个银冰桶内放3/4的冰块。
1 silver ice bucket with ¾ full of ice cubes
1 silver tong
1 king jug with plain water (for whisky, pernod only)
1 stirrer
Line coaster/cocktail napkin
2. Pick up the tray and proceed to guest’s table.
4.Ask the guest how many pieces of ice cube she/he would like for the drink.
e the silver tong to put the ice cube in the highball/old fashioned glass.
1 king jug with1.5 ozspirit.
1 silver ice bucket with ¾ full of ice cubes
Crosby API RP-2D Rigging Training Development Cour
Those who attend day one, Course CA-005 will receive: Certificate of Completio A Crosby Rigging Workbook : Edition 7 Trainers Workbook Crosby ASME Users Guide for Lifting laminated pocket reference guide
Those who attend the full two-day program, Course #LB-001 and #LB-003, will receive: Same materials as shown above, plus: Crosby General Catalog on DVD Crosby CD Lift Guide (Computer Based Course) The ability to receive a “Crosby Authorized Trainer” certificate valid for four year A CD with PowerPoint files for a 7-to 9-hour rigging presentatio The ability to order Crosby training materials at reduced prices Can earn “CEU” credits
380
Copyright © 2019 The Crosby Group LLC All Rights Reserved
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
Land Based Energy Operations Rigging Training Development Course
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Heave plates
Horizontal plates or shapes Resist movement in the heave direction (up and down) In other words, have high drag along the vertical axis Pontoon hulls on semi-submersibles probably have some anti-heave and anti-sway, but are low drag fore-aft for towing
Directional drபைடு நூலகம்g of shapes
What are trusses?
Thin straight elements Connected at ends Usually triangular units, which resolve forces into pure compression or tension Can be two or three dimensional, that is planar or spatial
Semi-submersible oil platform
Blue Water Rig No. 1, Friede & Goldman, LTD, via Wikimedia Commons
ClubStead
ClubStead, The Seasteading Institute, 2009
Seadrome
Why use trusses?
Lower mass More efficient use of materials Lower displacement for floating structures Weight begets weight; heavier structure requires more strength to support itself, etc., etc. Lower weight makes some structures possible such as suspension bridges, towers, tall buildings
Seadrome (continued)
Obsoleted by long-range aircraft Cost estimated at $10 million 1930's post-Gold, precrash dollars. Proposed just before the great depression dried up funding, but pursued until 1946 64,000 ton displacement 70 foot air gap, 160 foot draft
Seadrome Popular Science February 1934
Seadrome, side view
Seadrome Popular Science February 1934
Seadrome
Seadrome, Modern Mechanix, Feb 1934
Edward R. Armstrong, Floating oil rig
Common design elements and reasons for them Differences
Spar buoy
Spar Buoy The Seasteading Institute 2008
Semi-submersible oil platform
Blue Water Rig No. 1, Friede & Goldman, LTD, via Wikimedia Commons
ClubStead
ClubStead, The Seasteading Institute, 2009
Seadrome
Seadrome Popular Science February 1934
Seadrome
Proposed 1927, pre-dates oil platforms and ClubStead Was to be a series of aircraft runways at sea before long-range aircraft existed, like a string of artificial islands between U.S. and Europe Similar flight deck shape, dimensions, height as modern aircraft carrier, but about 10% larger. Perhaps inspired the latter 1,200 feet long, 400 feet wide middle, 200 at ends
Spar buoy - Marc de Piolenc, nation-builders, 2004 Semi-submersible oil platform - Shell Oil, 1961 ClubStead - MI&T for Seasteading Institute, 2008 Seadrome - Edward R. Armstrong, 1927, U.S.
Common elements
Vertical cylindrical floats Horizontal decks Trusses Heave plates
Why use vertical cylindrical floats?
Minimize waterplane area (cross-sectional area at waterline) Maximize volume for buoyancy Minimize drag to omnidirectional waves Simple, strong shape Minimize wave response
Edward R. Armstrong papers from Bruce Figarsky via History Detectives, 2009
Summary - What do these designs have in common?
Vertical float columns - minimize wave response, simple and strong Horizontal decks - "land" for housing Trusses - lighter, stronger structures Heave plates - reduce uncomfortable and destructive heave motion Synergy - whole works better than sum of parts
Spar buoys, ClubStead, Semi-submersible oil platforms, and Seadrome
Several things they have in common and why Jeff Chan Seasteading Conference 2009
Overview