英语7北师大版unit19功课及解析：语法(1)
北师大选修7第19单元考纲知识总结
北师大高二英语选修7unit19考纲知识重点单词：1．Absence n. 不存在；缺乏→absent adj. 缺席的，不在场的；心不在焉的2．Attain vt. 达到；获得→attainment n. 获得；实现3．surround vt. 环绕，围绕→surrounding adj. 附近的，周围的→surroundings n. 环境；周围的事物4．adequate adj. 足够的，充分的→adequately adv. 足够地；充分地→adequacy n. 足够，胜任5．Ensure vt. 确保，保证→insure(同义词)6．adjust vt. 调节；调整→adjustment n. 调整，校正→adjustable adj. 可调节的7．Inform vt. 告知；通知→information n. 通知；消息8．Congratulate vt. 祝贺→congratulation n. 祝贺9．Unconscious adj. 不知不觉的；无意的→conscious adj. (反义词)意识到；注意到→unconsciously adv. 无意识地10．Resemble vt. 像；与……相似→resemblance n. 类似，相似11．Negotiate vt. 谈判；协商→negotiation n. 谈判，协商12．Offence n. 冒犯；得罪→offend v．冒犯→offensive adj. 冒犯的，令人难堪的13．Approval n. 赞成；赞许→approve v. 赞同，赞许→approved adj. 批准的，核准的，认可的→approving adj. 赞同的，赞许的14．Applicant n．申请人→apply v. 申请；适用→application n. 申请15．Embarrass vt.使窘迫→embarrassed adj. 难堪的，尴尬的高频短语1．get ahead取得成功2 take the form of以……的形式出现(存在)3．catch on 学会4．for ages 很久；很长时间5．consist of由……组成6．regardless of不管，不顾7．provided that 如果；条件是8．I bet我肯定9．be associated with与……有联系10．stand out突出；出色；坚持抵抗11．keep...in mind 记住12．on purpose故意地常考句型1 It was predicted that as early as the 1700s that English would one day be the global language and that has proved to be the case in the last few decades.早在十八世纪人们就预言英语有朝一日会成为全球性的语言，而这一点在过去的几十年里已得到了应验。
北师大版模块7第19单元第一课课文短语句型荟萃
北师大版模块7第19单元第一课课文短语句型荟萃Get ahead with your English 成功学习英语1. 成功学习英语Get ahead with your EnglishParagraph 12. 早在18世纪人们就预言英语有一天会成为全球性语言。
It was predicted as early as the 1700s that English would one day be the global language.3. 在过去的几十年里in the last few decades4. 学习英语这门外语的潮流the trend for learning English as a foreign language5. 脱颖而出取得成功stand out and get aheadParagraph 26. 缺乏语言环境in the absence of a native language environment7. 一些备受尊崇的语言习得理论some respected theories on language acquisition8. To attain a high level of fluency and accuracy in a foreign language, you need to be surrounded by it. 要想达到高水平的外语流利程度和准确性，你得置身于该语言的环境中。
9. 我们有机会生活中讲英语的国家里的可能性很小。
The chances that we will all have the opportunity to live in an English-speaking country are small.10. 学校课程的一部分part of the school curriculumParagraph 311. 在教室里创设丰富多彩的语言环境create a rich language environment in the classroom12. 这就意味着，他们要确保通过多种方式给学生足够的英语输入量。
北师大版选修7 Unit 19 lesson 1 language learnng
6.We won’t use money to buy food in the future.
Nobody can prove that satellites will be destroyed by the sun in the next five years.
5.Aliens from four different planets will arrive on Earth in the next 20 years.
words preview curriculum adequate medium ensure accelerate target enlarge
n.(学校的)课程 adj.足够的，充分的 n.媒介物，渠道 vt.确保，保证 vt.加速 n.目标 vt.扩大
words preview
guarantee adjust inform dedication dedicated manual theft announcement vt.保证 vt.调节，调整 vt.告知，通知 n.专心致志 adj.专心致志的 n.手册，指南 n.偷窃 n.通告，布告
2.Most human beings will live until they are 200 by the 25th century.
It is predicted that most human beings will live until they are 200 by the 25th century.
高考英语一轮复习(北师大版)教学案：选修七unit19含解析.doc
选修七Unit 19 LanguagePart.1知识梳理i .核心单词一识记•思考•运用一、单词拼写1 ・ *（2015•江苏，阅读D）Freedom needs to be __ （保证）by responsibility.2.*Could you please ________ （通知）me how to go about contacting a lawyer?3.* This photograph is too small, please ________ （扩大）it for me.4.If you want to _______ （保证）that you catch the plane，take a taxi.5. A _______ （准时的）person always finishes everything ahead of time.6・ Several ______ （十年）have passed since I graduated fi*om the college.7.Can you ______ （达至U,实现）the goal you have set yourselves? Pm determined to my purpose at any cost.8.It's amazing how closely Brian and Steve _______ （像）each other.9.He was considered a _______ （候选人）with a clean record.10- The space available is not ________ （足够的）for our needs.答案1.guaranteed 2. inform 3-enlarge 4.ensure 5.punctual 6.decades7 • attain S.resemble 9.candidate 10.adequat e二、用所给词的适当形式填空1 • （2015T匕京，阅读C）That means a transparent object doesn't look veiy different from the ________ （surround） air or wate匚2.（2015•江苏，32）Some schools will have to make _____ （adjust） inagreementwith the national soccer reform.3.（201 牛福建，阅读A）Hcr husband was with her, but there was blood everywhere and the woman was ________ (embarrass)and clearly in shock.4.(2014-陕西，11)一I got that job I wanted at the public library.—_______ (congratulate)! That's good news.5.We are satisfied with the smoothness of the _______ (negotiate).6.We should submit our plans to the council for _______ (approve).7.Pm sorry; I intended no ________ (offcnd)whcn I said that.8.He made the _______ (announce) in a speech on television.9.He studied German for nine years, so he is ________ (fluence).10- _______ (accurate)is more important than speed in his new job.11 • Many people have ________ for the job.The _________ must hand in their_______ b y Friday.(apply)12- He was _________ from the meeting.His _________ made the problem more difficult.(absence)答案1.surrounding 2.adjustment 3 •embarrassed 4.Congratulations5 • negotiation 6. approval 7.offence 8.announcement 9.fluent10- Accuracy 11.applied； applicants； applications 12.absent； absence三、开心词场After two hours1sincere negotiation^ the applicant was approved because of his fluency of English and being punctual.He guaranteed he would adjust himself quickly to the surroundings.His relatives congratulated him on his being employed ・,【联想•积累】❶类似“inform sb of sth，啲短语①Temind sb of sth提醒某人某事②rob sb of sth抢劫某人某物③accuse sb of sth控告某人某事④suspect sb of sth怀疑某人某事⑤warn sb of sth警告某人某事❷表示“扩展”的词汇①expand v.扩展；扩张；膨胀②enlarge v.扩大③spread v.扩展；蔓延④prolong v.延长⑤extend v.延仲；延续❸“前缀en-+adj./n.ff构成的词①rich-**enrich 使充实②able—enable使能够③large-*enlarge 使扩大©sure-^ensure 确保；担保©danger-* endanger 使 ... 遭遇危险@title->entitle给……起题目/命名❹词汇拓展①acquisition n.（语言）习得f acquiree.获取，得到②negotiate %谈判;协商一negotiation ti.谈判；协商©inform "告知，通知f information n.信息④embarrass "使窘迫f embarrassing °妙令人难堪的，令人窘迫的f embarrassed感到窘迫的f embarrassment n.窘迫，难堪II •重点短语f识记•思考•运用一、补全短语1.______ ages很久，很长时间2.* ______ purpose 故意地3.congratulate sb _______ sth就某事向某人祝贺4.regardless _______ 不管；不顾5 ・_____ the other hand 另一方而6.* ______ than不仅仅，超过答案l.fbr 2.on 3.on 4.of 5.on 6. more 二、短语填空*consist of； I bet...； catch on； team up； stand out； get ahead； rely on； take the form of； adjust...to...； inform sb of sth1.The new fashion has _____________ with young people after coming onto the market.2.___________ at work is the most important thing to me at the moment.3 • Our next class will____________ a debate.4. She will have to _____________ herself ____________ n ew conditions・5 • The medical team____________ five doctors and seven nurses has been sent to West Africa.6.Bella was in despair and felt she had no one to ___________ in the world.7.Do you ____________ them ____________ the progress of the work?8.They were all attractive, but she _____________ f rom the others.9・ __________ he couldn't get there on time, could he?10.He didn f t want to ____________ with anybody.答案1 .caught on 2.Getting ahead 3.take the form of 4.adjust； to 5.consistingof 6.rely on rm； of 8.stood out 9.1 bet lO.tcam up【联想•积累】❶表示“故意地”的词汇①b y design©purposely③deliberately©intentionally⑤on purpose❷than相关短语①more than不仅仅；超过②other than 除了③rather than而不是④less than少于❸表示“组成”的短语©consist of②make up(3)be made up of@be composed ofIII•经典句式f识记•思考•运用1・It was predicted as early as the 1700s that English would one day be the global language and that has proved to be the case in the last few decades.(It was predicted that..."据预测……”)早在18世纪人们就预测，有一天英语将成为全球性语言，并且在过去的儿十年中它已得到了证明。
北师大版高中英语选修7 Unit19 名师语法：非人称转述结构
名师语法：非人称转述结构观察下列从Reading中选取的句子，体会非人称转述结构的用法。
①It is hoped that George will pass on his genes to a new generation.②It is believed to have leaked almost a million litres of oil into the sea.③It was acknowledged that his case was different.[自我总结]从上面的三个句子可知，当转述人们的一般认识或所说的话时，常用这样的结构：It＋be＋过去分词＋that...，其中it是，真正的主语是。
【答案】形式主语that引导的从句非人称转述结构当转述人们的一般认识或说的话时，我们通常会用“It＋be(is，was)＋过去分词＋that clause”这一结构。
It是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。
常用于这一句型的词有say，hope，suggest，report，believe，think，know，claim，suppose，fear，predict，order等。
除了上述结构外还可以用下列两种结构来表达同一个意思：People＋say/believe/report...＋that clauseThe subject＋be＋said/believed/reported...＋不定式结构。
It is often said that we are living in an age of information.→People often say that we are living in an age of information.→We are said to be living in an age of information.人们常说，我们生活在信息爆炸的时代。
注意：(1)主谓一致It was feared that they would give up.→They were feared to give up.他们恐怕会放弃。
北师大版高中英语选修7 Unit19 Lesson 1 Language learning (I)参
Unit19 Lesson 1 Language learning （I）参考教案The Second PeriodTeaching goals 教学目标1. Target language目标语言a. 重点词汇和短语decade, trend, absence, theory, acquisition, attain, surround, curriculum, adequate, medium, ensure, accelerate, target, enlarge, guarantee, adjust, inform, theft,b. 重点句型It was predicted as early as 1700s that English would one day be the global language.....2.Aility goals 能力目标Learn the best way to learn a foreign language well.3.Learning ability goals学能目标By reading an article about language learning help students to learn how to learn English well. Encourage students to be active learners.Teaching important points教学重点Encourage student to think actively and get involved in class activities. Help students become active learners.Teaching difficult points教学难点How to learn English well.Teaching methods教学方法Listening, reading, discussingTeaching aids 教具准备Multi-computerTeaching procedures & ways 过程与方式Step I Leading inIn this procedure students will have plenty of opportunities to express themselves on how to learn English well. Begin the lesson by asking students to discuss the questions in Before you startT: Good morning /afternoon, class!Ss: Good morning/ afternoon, Mr. /Ms…T: Class begins. What class are we having?Ss: An English class.T: How many English classes do we have every week?Ss: Five.T: That is to say English is a very important subject at school. Yesterday we learned that around 400 million speakers of English as a first language. How many people speak English as a second language?Ss: Many more millions.T: What about as a foreign language?Ss: English is the most widely studied foreign language in the world.......T: Then why do so many people learn English? Do you think learning English is important for your future?Step II Before you startDiscuss the two questions in Before you start.T: Ok, discuss the two questions in Before you start on page 6. Work in groups please. While students are discussing the two questions, Teacher should walk around the classroom and give necessary help when needed.Several minutes later, ask students to present their answers. Show the suggested answers on the PowerPoint.Suggested answers to Ex1 on page 61. Various reasons can be acceptable. Yes, Learning English well will help me to be admitted by a famous university. /Yes. I would like to work in an international company. There are many international companies in China. If you want to work in an international company, English is a must. / Yes. Because I am fond of traveling and I would like to travel around the world and English is a world language. So I must learn English well.2. Various answers can be acceptable. Yes, it is very difficult to learn English well. Because we don’t have many chances to use what we learned in class. A s time goes。
英语选修7北师大版unit19lesson1教案
Unit 19 LanguageLesson 1 Language learningTeaching Aim:(1)To introduce four kinds of noun clauses①subject clause②object clause③appositive clause④predicative clause(2) to learn some strategies about learning a foreign language Setting achievable targets; listening to English songs; watching the news in your own language and then reading an English newspaper; watching DVD; studying with friends; rewarding yourselfStage 1 introduction of the topic—setting a discussionStage 2 reading extensively①read for the first time and answer the true or false questions②reading for the second time and answer the questions in exercise 2 Stage 3 reading intensivelyFinish the summary of the whole passage. All the words needed are very important for language learning.Stage 4 summarize the main idea of each paragraph and work out the structure of the passageStage 5 solve language puzzlesSince students have read the passage for 2 times and got the main idea of the passage, there are few language puzzles for them now.But accumulation every day is very important.Here, several words are explained. They are:It was predicted that…casestand outthe chances that 句子are small.EncourageAnd teachers here can give them a task---to look for the usage of the following words in the dictionary.adjust and informStage 6 grammar focusTo learn noun clausesHomework: exercise 1,2,3,5,6 on page 52 and page 53 can be used as exercise resources.。
北师大版高中英语选修7 Unit19 本单元课文注释与疑难解析
本单元课文注释与疑难解析1. It was predicted as early as the 1700s that English would one day be the global language and that has proved to be the case in the last few decades. 早在18世纪人们就预言总有一天英语将会是全球性语言，最近几十年已经证明情况正是如此。
It was predicted that.... 这是一个由形式主语it引导的句子，意思是“据预测……”，可改作：People predicated that... 此句型是本单元的重点句型和语法。
又如：It’s predicted that Stirling’s population will increase by 10.4% between 2002 and 2016, and employment will rise by 4.5% between 2001 and 2006. 据预测，从2002年到2016年，斯特灵的人口将增长10.4%；从2001年至2006年，就业也将增加4.5%。
相类似的句型还有：It is reported that there was a bad traffic accident in India last week.It is told that he will take a trip abroad.It is thought that the price of the clothes is high.It is believed that the girl will be fit for the office.It is hoped that China Football Team will win.It is suggested that the government do something against pollution.prove是个常用动词,也是一个多义动词.由于它的用法比较复杂,现归纳如下prove vt.证明;证实, 用法如下:1). prove+名词/代词He has proved his courage in the battle.他已在作战中证明了他的勇气。
北师大版高中英语选修7 Unit19 lesson1知识点精讲
Unit19 lesson1知识点精讲（一）生词1. trend（1）n. a general tendency or direction in the way a situation is changing or developing趋势；倾向；动向；时尚Eg : The current trend is towards informal clothing .目前的趋势是穿着比较随便。
The stock market has a good day , but the underlying trend of the market is downward .当天股票市场的行情很好，但市场的基本趋势是下跌。
Many young students like following the latest trends in fashion .许多年轻学生喜欢追求最新的流行款式。
(2) vi. Show a particular tendency 显示某种趋势eg: share prices have been trending down .股票价格一直趋向下降。
拓展：trendy / trendy / adj . showing or following the latest trends of fashion 赶时髦的；时髦的eg : These ideas are typical of the trendy middle-class Li-berals .这些都是时髦的中产阶级自由派的典型思想。
2. absence n. absent adj.(1) being away 不在，缺席eg : She never speaks ill of anyone in his or her absence .她从不趁别人不在时说别人的坏话。
Please look after my house during my absence from Bei-jing .我不在北京期间，请你帮我照看房子。
英语7北师大版unit19功课及解析：语言点(1)
英语7北师大版unit19功课及解析：语言点（1）Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空1、Shewasthrilled(thrill)attheprospectofseeingthemagain.2、Ifyouyellathim,he'sguaranteed(guarantee)todotheoppositeofwhatyouwant.3、Shemustlearntoadjust(adjustment)herselftoEnglishlife.4、Thecasewasdismissedintheabsence(absent)ofanydefiniteproof.5、Accordingtothetheory(theoretical)ofrelativity,nothingcantravelfasterthanlight.6、Thelakeissurrounded(surrounding)bytreesandtheymakeabeautifulpicture.7、Thespaceavailableisnotadequate(adequacy)forourneeds.8、Exposuretothesuncanaccelerate(acceleration)theageingprocess.9、Readingwillenlarge(large)yourvocabulary.10、Pleaseinform(information)usofanychangesofaddress.Ⅱ.单项填空1、DuringtheflighttotheMoon,thesatellitegradually________herdirectionssothatsheca ngointoherprogrammedorbit.A、acceptsB、adoptsC、adaptsD、adjusts解析：选D。
adjustherdirections“调整她的方向”。
北师大版高中英语选修七Unit19SectionⅠ语言点二应用落实
Ⅰ.完成句子1．假使她回来了，立刻告诉我。
In_case she comes back, let me know immediately.2．他正在谈如何成功地推展业务。
He was talking about the way to get_ahead in business.3．这天气可靠不住。
You can't rely_on the weather.4．她在人群中显得很突出，因为她身高两米。
She stands_out in the crowd, for she is two meters in height.Ⅱ.单项填空1．His idea of having weekly family meals together, which seemed difficult at first, has ________ many good changes in their lives.A．got ahead B．resulted fromC．turned into D．brought about解析：选D。
句意：他让家人一周聚餐一次的想法，起初看来好像很难实现，现在已经给他们的生活带来了许多好的变化。
get ahead“成功”；result from“由……造成，后接原因”；turn into“变成”；bring about“带来，引起”，后接结果。
故只有D项符合题意。
2．The young pianist named Lang Lang ________ among the music circle and is well received by the audience.A．stands out B．makes outC．picks out D．takes out解析：选A。
句意：这位名叫郎朗的年轻钢琴家在音乐界很出色，很受观众欢迎。
stand out“显眼，出色”，符合句意。
make out“弄明白”；pick out“认出”；take out“拿出，带……出去”。
英语教材单词用法详解(Unit19)北师大版选修七
Unit 19 Lesson11形容词adj. 全世界的,全球的· global inflation全球性的通货膨胀·the dream of global peace世界和平的梦想形容词adj. 整体的,总体的,综合的· take a global view of...整体[综合] 地观察…形容词adj. 球状的; 球形的2 可数名词n.[C] 十年a period of 10 years· Prices have risen steadily during the past decade.过去十年中价格已稳步地上涨。
可数名词n.[C] 数十年several decades· the last decades of the 19th century十九世纪最后二十年3 名词n. 趋势，倾向a general direction or course· The hills have a western trend.这些山向西延伸。
名词n. 趋向，时尚a tendency, a drift· the new trend in women's apparel妇女服装新趋向·the trend to militarism军国主义倾向·change the general trend of history改变历史的总趋势不与物动词vi. 伸展；延伸have a particular direction extend; run· The road trends to the north.那条路通向北方。
不与物动词vi. 趋向；倾向have a general tendency· Prices are trending upwards.物价行将上涨。
·trend toward倾向，朝向4 名词n. 不在,离开; 缺席,未上班,缺勤,旷职· absence from home 离家·several absences from school [class]缺课数次·mark the absences 记缺席· a long absence长期缺席[缺课,不上班]·after a long absence隔了好久·absence of mind心神不定,精神恍惚名词n. [又作an ~] 没有,缺乏[of]· the absence of reason 没有理由·There was an absence of time.(那时候) 没有时间。
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英语7北师大版unit19功课及解析：语法（1）Ⅰ.用适当的连接词填空
1、Wedon'thavemoney;itwaswhywewantedtowaituntilourmothercameback.
2、ThefactisthatIhavelosthisaddress.
3、Energyiswhatmakesthingswork.
4、Goandgetyourcoat.It'swhereyouleftit.
5、Whetherthesportsmeetwillbeheldnextweekdependsonwhethertheweatherwillbefine.
6、Iwonderhowyouaregettingonwithyourstudies.
7、Thequestioniswhocancompletethedifficulttask.
8、Itseemedthathewasgoingtocry.
9、Hegotcaughtintheheavytraffic.Thatwaswhyhewaslate.
10、Journalwriterswriteabouttheirtravelsinwhatiscalledatraveljournal.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1、Whoever_breaks_the_law(不管谁犯法)shallbepunished.
2、Canyoutellmehow_I_will_get_to_the_railway_station(我将如何去火车站)?
3、Idon'tcareaboutwhether_you_have_money_or_not(你是否有钱)、
4、Hehasheartdisease.That's_because_he_has_been_smoking_too_much(那是因为他抽烟太多了)、
5、Tomtoldmewhat_had_happened_there_(那儿发生的一切)、
6、Thereisnodoubtthat_the_price_of_cars_will_go_down(汽车的价格将会下降)、
7、Thereasonwhyhedidn'tcomewasthat_he_was_ill(他病了)、
8、What_we_should_do_next(我们下一步该如何办)remainsunknown.
9、It_is_said_that(据说)theyhavesucceededincarryingouttheexperiment.
10、Weareexcitedatthenewsthat_we'll_have_a_threeday_off(我们要放三天假)atQingmingFestival.
Ⅲ.单项填空
1、Muchtothecouple'scomfort,theirincomeisnowdouble________itwasfiveyearsago.
A、that
B、than
C、which
D、what
解析：选D。
考查名词性从句。
句意：令夫妇二人感到欣慰的是，他们的收入是5年前的两倍。
double为形容词，相当于twiceasmuchas，后面为名词性从句。
“A＋谓语＋倍数＋what从句”也是倍数表达法之一。
2、(2017·浙江高考)—Howaboutcampingthisweekend,justforachange?
—OK，________youwant.
A、whichever
B、however
C、whatever
D、whoever
解析：选C。
考查宾语从句。
句意：“那个周末我们改变一下，去野营如何样？”“好的，你想做什么都能够”。
whichever“不管哪一个”；however“不管如何样”；whatever“不管什么”；whoever“不管谁，指人”。
want为及物动词，缺少宾语，whatever一般在从句中作主语、宾语、定语或表语，该答语实际上是在具体语境中的省略，补全后为wecandowhateveryouwantto。
3、Patienceisakindofqualityandthat's________ittakestodosuchworkwell.
A、which
B、what
C、where
D、when
解析：选B。
考查表语从句的引导词的判断。
句意：耐心是一种品质，这种品质正是做好这种工作所需要的。
该空引导表语从句，且在表语从句中作takes的宾语。
4、—Hisparentstrytodoeverythingforhim.
—That's________theyaremistaken.
A、where
B、when
C、how
D、wherever
解析：选A。
考查表语从句。
句意：“他的父母尽力为他做一切情况。
”“这确实是他们的错误所在”。
结合句意，可排除选项B、C和D。
5、Theyaregoodfriends.________isnowonderthattheyknoweachothersowell.
A、This
B、There
C、It
D、That
解析：选C。
考查it作形式主语的功能。
句意：他们是好朋友。
难怪他们彼此那么了解。
it作形式主语，that引导主语从句。
Itisnowonderthat...“难怪……”。
6、Hisfriendsuggestedthathe________gooutforawalkaftersupper.
A、would
B、could
C、need
D、should
解析：选D。
考查suggest宾语从句中的虚拟语气。
句意：他的朋友建议他晚饭后外出散散步。
suggest为建议时，其后宾语从句为(should＋)动词原形。
故该句应用should。
7、Theview________manyscientistsholdis________toomuchemissionofcarbondioxideisdes tructive.
A、what;that
B、that;which
C、that;that
D、which;which
解析：选C。
考查定语从句和表语从句。
句意：特别多科学家所持的观点是，过多地排放二氧化碳是有破坏性的。
第一个空引导定语从句，修饰view，在定语从句中作hold的宾语，可用that和which；第二个空引导表语从句，在表语从句中不作任何成分，因此用that。
8、Thetheoryistrue________thehotterabodyis,themoreenergyitgivesoff.
A、that
B、when
C、which
D、what
解析：选A。
考查同位语从句。
句意：身体越热，散发出的能量越多，这一理论是正确的。
该空引导theory的同位语从句，且在从句中不作任何句子成分，因此选A。
9、________hereferredtoinhisarticlewasunknowntothegeneralreaders.
A、That
B、What
C、Whether
D、Where
解析：选B。
考查主语从句。
句意：他在文章中涉及的东西不被一般读者所知。
该空引导主语从句，且在从句中作referto的宾语，应选B。
10、________isknowntousallisthattheoldscientist,for________lifewashardinthepast,st illworkshardinhiseighties.
A、As;whom
B、What;whom
C、It;whose
D、As;whose
解析：选B。
考查主语从句和定语从句。
句意：正如我们大伙所知，这位老科学家80多岁依旧在工作，他过去的生活特别艰难。
第一个空引导主语从句且在从句中作主语，因此用what；第二个空引导非限制性定语从句修饰scientist，在从句中作for的宾语，因此用whom。
应选B。